Journal articles: 'ESS modelling'

1

Kaczorowska, Anna, and Meta Berghauser Pont. "Modelling Urban Environments to Promote Ecosystem Services and Biodiversity." International Journal of E-Planning Research 8, no. 3 (July 2019): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijepr.2019070101.

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Urbanization effects on vegetation and the alteration in land use is likely to be the major driver of fragmentation and the loss of ecosystem services (ESS) and biodiversity. Understanding varying levels of biodiversity within cities is pivotal to protect ESS. However, due to the high complexity of urban systems, ecological connectivity assessment in urban planning remains challenging. This article evaluates policy documents and tools for ESS assessment in Stockholm, Sweden. Stockholm is an interesting city for studying ESS planning and management since Sweden has a long tradition of formal policy for biodiversity management. An overview is presented of tools and approaches to measure ESS at different scale levels used in the urban planning process in Stockholm. Their application illustrates the complementary nature of these tools, but also the need to integrate them in a platform based on a GIS (Geographic Information System) model. Ultimately, the development of such an integrated tool should inform and support planning practice in guiding urban systems towards greater sustainability.

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Milik, A., and A. Zytka. "Block party [system modelling]." Electronics Systems and Software 4, no. 4 (August 1, 2006): 34–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ess:20060407.

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Donnelly, M., and P. Chandrasekaran. "Modelling multi-gigabit PCB interconnects." Electronics Systems and Software 1, no. 6 (December 1, 2003): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ess:20030602.

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Cantillo, Sergio, and Ricardo Moreno. "Power system operation considering detailed modelling of energy storage systems." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 11, no. 1 (February 1, 2021): 182. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v11i1.pp182-200.

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The power system operation considering energy storage systems (ESS) and renewable power represents a challenge. In a 24-hour economic dispatch, the generation resources are dispatched to meet demand requirements considering network restrictions. The uncertainty and unpredictability associated with renewable resources and storage systems represents challenges for power system operation due to operational and economical restrictions. This paper develops a detailed formulation to model energy storage systems (ESS) and renewable sources for power system operation considering 24-hour period. The model is formulated and evaluated with two different power systems (i.e. 5-bus and IEEE modified 24-bus systems). Wind availability patterns and scenarios are used to assess the ESS performance under different operational circumstances. With regard to the systems proposed, there are scenarios in order to evaluate ESS performance. In one of them, the increase in capacity did not represent significant savings or performance for the system, while in the other it was quite the opposite especially during peak load periods.

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Radojcic, R. "Modelling to improve design-based yield." Electronics Systems and Software 2, no. 2 (April 1, 2004): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ess:20040201.

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Edwards, C. "Modelling standard gets ready for second round [UML 2]." Electronics Systems and Software 1, no. 5 (October 1, 2003): 36–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ess:20030507.

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Peng, Li, Tiantian Chen, Qiang Wang, and Wei Deng. "Linking Ecosystem Services to Land Use Decisions: Policy Analyses, Multi-Scenarios, and Integrated Modelling." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, no. 3 (March 8, 2020): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9030154.

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Rapid industrialization and urbanization have brought dramatic changes to land use structure and layout but have caused several negative impacts on the ecosystem and environment. Increasing the supply of ecosystem services (ESs) in important ecological regions through land use optimization is one strategy that must be seriously considered in land use planning. However, existing land use optimization primarily focuses on economic outcomes, and is difficult to adapt to the practical needs of ecological civilization construction in China. Therefore, we formulated a framework that links ESs to land use decisions by combining policy analyses, multi-scenarios and integrated modelling. The paper is organized into three main parts. First, we conduct a systematic literature review to land use change (LUCC), ESs, and their relationship. Next, we build on insights from the literature review to develop a conceptual framework that integrates ESs into land use optimization. The framework includes a quantitative analysis and spatial allocation of land use. For the quantitative analysis, in addition to considering the development trends, we set ESs to achieve national requirements. Then, an optimized scenario targeted at the maximum ecosystem service value was built. For the spatial allocation, we combined multi-layer perception (MLP) and cellular automaton (CA) and developed an MLP-CA model independently. Last, an empirical study of the proposed framework was implemented in Puge County, China. Our results provide a new technical tool for the layout of optimal land use under the constraint of ecological protection policies and provides a way to address trade-offs between ecological, social, and economic values.

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Mohammadyari, Fatemeh, Ardavan Zarandian, Mir Mehrdad Mirsanjari, Jurate Suziedelyte Visockiene, and Egle Tumeliene. "Modelling Impact of Urban Expansion on Ecosystem Services: A Scenario-Based Approach in a Mixed Natural/Urbanised Landscape." Land 12, no. 2 (January 19, 2023): 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12020291.

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The present study aims at predicting future land use/land cover (LULC) and quantifying and mapping the ecosystem services (ESs) of water yield, outdoor recreation opportunity and food production in current (here, 2017) and future landscapes in Northern Iran, using the InVEST, Recreation Opportunity Spectrum (ROS) and yield models. To that end, two LULC scenarios known as business as usual (BAU) and protection-based (PB) plan were applied for 2028, using the Markov Artificial Neural Network and Multi-objective land allocation (MOLA) models. The results show that rapid urbanisation, caused by the expansion of human settlements and industrial areas, has led to a decline in the ESs in the region. Compared to the ESs in 2017, the service of water yield increases as urban expansion increases, whereas food production and recreation services decrease as urban expansion increases, under the BAU scenario. On the other hand, in the PB scenario, relatively better conditions can be observed for all three ESs. Considering that the ecological structures of this region have been severely affected by rapid urban expansion, the results of this research will be useful for maintaining the existing ESs and can greatly affect planning and decision-making regarding future development towards urban sustainability.

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Shaaban, Mostafa, Carmen Schwartz, Joseph Macpherson, and Annette Piorr. "A Conceptual Model Framework for Mapping, Analyzing and Managing Supply–Demand Mismatches of Ecosystem Services in Agricultural Landscapes." Land 10, no. 2 (January 29, 2021): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10020131.

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Appreciation for agricultural sustainability and ecosystem services (ESS) has received considerable attention from the scientific community. However, research has not yet systematically and sufficiently considered the spatial dimension of ESS trade-offs as a source of conflicts. Moreover, approaches for ESS management that address a wide range of beneficiaries and their interactions at landscape scale are lacking. Our main research question is how to motivate different beneficiaries of agricultural landscapes to cooperate in reducing supply–demand mismatches and accompanied conflicts, as well as to assess how different scenarios would impact relevant Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). We present a novel and conceptual integrated model in which we employ a combination of three methodological tools: participatory geographic information system (PGIS), agent-based modelling (ABM) and a Bayesian belief network (BBN). The objective of our model simulation is to identify and manage site-specific spatial trade-off patterns and to provide decision support for shifting competitive behavior of individual stakeholders in satisfying their demand for ESS to a collective and cooperative scheme, while jointly striving to attain relevant targets outlined in the SDGs. Attached to this work is a short video depicting our conceptual model. We strongly suggest that tackling a complex social-ecological system necessitates a highly integrated modelling approach that fosters the transition from farm- to landscape-scale management, from individualistic to collective action, and from competitive to cooperative behavior.

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Okiria, Emmanuel, Muhamad Khoiru Zaki, and Keigo Noda. "A Review of Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) in Agricultural Water: Are PES from the Operation of Agricultural Water Control Structures Ubiquitous?" Sustainability 13, no. 22 (November 15, 2021): 12624. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132212624.

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This paper reviews the consideration of the operation of agricultural water control structures (AWCSs) as sources of bundles of ecosystem services (ESs) and the subsequent design of payment for ecosystem service (PES) programs around these ESs. It is thought that PES schemes for AWCSs can complement irrigation service fees (ISFs) in funding the operation and maintenance of irrigation schemes. Case studies from Japan, the United States of America and Tanzania, representing a variety of socio-economic, geographic and climatic conditions, are discussed. In countries where the PES programs had legal backing, they showed evidence of sustainability and success. The measurement of marginal ESs flows from AWCSs proved to be one of the challenges to PES programs. There is a need to improve the measurement and modelling of hydro-meteorological and water quality parameters to ensure the transparency and success of the programs. In general, there was a realisation that ESs flow from irrigated agriculture, but there was no systematic design of PES programs around these ESs flows. An opportunity is seen to complement ISF through the design of PES programs around ES flows from the operation of AWCSs.

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11

Helmschrot, J. "Environmental information management and hydrological system modelling for the assessment of hydrological eco system functions and services (ESF/ESS) in the Okavango River Basin." Zentralblatt für Geologie und Paläontologie, Teil I 2014, no. 1 (December 10, 2014): 305–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/zgpi/2014/0305-0338.

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12

Bhatikar, S. R., R. L. Mahajan, K. Wipke, and V. Johnson. "An artificial neural network module for simulation of the energy storage system of a hybrid electric vehicle." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 215, no. 8 (August 1, 2001): 919–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095440620121500805.

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A hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) is a complex system integrating interactive subsystems of disparate degrees of complexity. The simulation of an HEV thus poses a challenge. An accurate simulation requires highly accurate models of each subsystem. Without these, the system has a poor overall performance. Typically, modelling problems are not amenable to physical solutions without simplifying assumptions that impair their accuracy. Conventional empirical models, on the other hand, are time consuming and data intensive and falter where extensive non-linearity is encountered. An artificial neural network (ANN) approach to simulation of an HEV is presented in this paper. An ANN model of the energy storage system (ESS) of an HEV was deployed in the ADVISOR simulation software developed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratories (NREL) of the US Department of Energy. The ANN model mapped the state of charge (SOC) and the power requirement of the vehicle to the voltage and current at the ESS output An ANN model was able accurately to capture the complex, non-linear phenomena underlying the ESS. A novel performance-enhancing technique for design of ANN training data, Smart Select, is described here. It resulted in a model of 0.9978 correlation (R2 error) with data. ANNs can be data hungry. The issue of knowledge sharing between ANN models to save development time and effort is also addressed in this paper. The model transfer technique presents a way of levering the expertise of one ANN into the development of another for a similar modelling task. Lastly, integration of the ANN model of the ESS into the ADVISOR software, on the MATLAB software platform, is described.

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Ruigang, Song, Yuan Tianchen, Yang Jian, and He Hao. "Simulation of braking energy recovery for the metro vehicles based on the traction experiment system." SIMULATION 93, no. 12 (August 21, 2017): 1099–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0037549717726146.

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In this paper, a new onboard energy storage system (ESS) is designed. In addition, the experiment system is developed for the energy recovery of the metro vehicle braking. The proposed ESS is not connected to the DC bus, but to the brake chopper in the inverter. The ESS has a simple structure and high reliability due to its independence from the metro vehicle traction system, and it does not feedback the energy to the traction system. The mathematical model of traction dynamics was studied. A scaled experiment system is developed to simulate metro vehicle traction conditions and to test the characteristics of the ESS. The whole experiment system is modeled and simulated in the Matlab/Simulink software. The experiment results show that the highest recovery efficiency of the system is 84.6%. Both the simulation and the experiment results confirm the validity and the feasibility of the proposed ESS.

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14

Hines, W. G. S. "ESS modelling of diploid populations II: stability analysis of possible equilibria." Advances in Applied Probability 26, no. 2 (June 1994): 361–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1427441.

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In order to determine the robustness of the mean-covariance approach to exploring behavioural models of sexual diploid biological populations which are based on the evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS) concept, a companion paper explored relevant features of the probability simplex of allelic frequencies for a population which is genetically homogeneous except possibly at a single locus.The Shahshahani metric is modified in this paper to produce a measure of distance near an arbitrary frequency F in the allelic simplex which can be used when some alleles are given zero weight by F. The equation of evolution for the modified metric can then be used to show that certain sets of frequencies (corresponding to equilibrium mean strategies) act as local attractors, as long as the mean strategies corresponding to those sets are non-singular or even, in most cases, singular. We identify conditions under which the measure of distance from an initial frequency to a nearby set of equilibrium frequencies corresponding to exceptional mean strategies might increase, either temporarily or for a protracted length of time.

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15

Hines, W. G. S. "ESS modelling of diploid populations II: stability analysis of possible equilibria." Advances in Applied Probability 26, no. 02 (June 1994): 361–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001867800026240.

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In order to determine the robustness of the mean-covariance approach to exploring behavioural models of sexual diploid biological populations which are based on the evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS) concept, a companion paper explored relevant features of the probability simplex of allelic frequencies for a population which is genetically homogeneous except possibly at a single locus. The Shahshahani metric is modified in this paper to produce a measure of distance near an arbitrary frequency F in the allelic simplex which can be used when some alleles are given zero weight by F. The equation of evolution for the modified metric can then be used to show that certain sets of frequencies (corresponding to equilibrium mean strategies) act as local attractors, as long as the mean strategies corresponding to those sets are non-singular or even, in most cases, singular. We identify conditions under which the measure of distance from an initial frequency to a nearby set of equilibrium frequencies corresponding to exceptional mean strategies might increase, either temporarily or for a protracted length of time.

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16

Green, W., S. Carrie, S. Ahmed, F. Goromonzi, J. Stockle, and E. Bell. "A cost analysis of local anaesthetic nose and sinus surgery for the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis." Rhinology Online 5, no. 5 (January 20, 2022): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4193/rhinol/21.050.

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Background: People with chronic rhinosinusitis may be referred for endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS), a procedure commonly performed under general anaesthesia, once maximal medical therapy has failed. A new pathway of care is emerging: Local Anaesthetic Nose & Sinus Surgery (LANSS). With LANSS the patient is not placed under general anaesthesia, but instead the procedure is performed under a local anaesthetic. Methodology: A decision analytic model was developed from the perspective of the UK National Health Service (NHS) to assess the potential cost impact of LANSS versus current standard care pathway for ESS. Results: Modelling indicated that the introduction of LANSS would generate substantial savings of around £84,500 per year if introduced to a typical NHS trust with a large otolaryngology department undertaking 300 ESS procedures per year. These savings are generated as a proportion of the ESS procedures no longer need to be completed in an operating theatre, which reduces operational costs (saving around £64,500 per year), plus the use of local anaesthetic instead of general anaesthetic and a reduction in the time a patient spends as an inpatient. Conclusions: The uptake of LANSS could generate cost-savings of around £84,500 per year to a typical NHS trust in the UK.

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Clark, Stephen J. "ESS equations sometimes do not specify an ESS." Journal of Theoretical Biology 123, no. 3 (December 1986): 325–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-5193(86)80248-x.

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Maceas Henao, Michelle, and Jairo José Espinosa Oviedo. "Bidding Strategy for VPP and Economic Feasibility Study of the Optimal Sizing of Storage Systems to Face the Uncertainty of Solar Generation Modelled with IGDT." Energies 15, no. 3 (January 28, 2022): 953. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15030953.

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Virtual power plants (VPP) emerge as a new participant that, in order to maximise their visibility and income, represents a group of distributed energy resources (DER) in the electricity market. However, this DER aggregation brings challenges, such as fluctuating renewable sources dependent on weather variables and guaranteeing power set points. One way to deal with these intermittencies is to incorporate the energy storage system (ESS) into the VPPs. Therefore, this paper presents a novel bidding strategy of VPP that includes modelling the uncertainty associated with solar generation using information gap decision theory (IGDT) and the optimal sizing of ESS systems so as to deal with solar generation fluctuations. Additionally, a study is carried out to determine the economic viability of this methodology in the short, medium and long terms using the return on investment (ROI).

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Haywood, A. M., D. J. Hill, A. M. Dolan, B. L. Otto-Bliesner, F. Bragg, W. L. Chan, M. A. Chandler, et al. "Large-scale features of Pliocene climate: results from the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project." Climate of the Past 9, no. 1 (January 25, 2013): 191–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-191-2013.

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Abstract. Climate and environments of the mid-Pliocene warm period (3.264 to 3.025 Ma) have been extensively studied. Whilst numerical models have shed light on the nature of climate at the time, uncertainties in their predictions have not been systematically examined. The Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project quantifies uncertainties in model outputs through a coordinated multi-model and multi-model/data intercomparison. Whilst commonalities in model outputs for the Pliocene are clearly evident, we show substantial variation in the sensitivity of models to the implementation of Pliocene boundary conditions. Models appear able to reproduce many regional changes in temperature reconstructed from geological proxies. However, data/model comparison highlights that models potentially underestimate polar amplification. To assert this conclusion with greater confidence, limitations in the time-averaged proxy data currently available must be addressed. Furthermore, sensitivity tests exploring the known unknowns in modelling Pliocene climate specifically relevant to the high latitudes are essential (e.g. palaeogeography, gateways, orbital forcing and trace gasses). Estimates of longer-term sensitivity to CO2 (also known as Earth System Sensitivity; ESS), support previous work suggesting that ESS is greater than Climate Sensitivity (CS), and suggest that the ratio of ESS to CS is between 1 and 2, with a "best" estimate of 1.5.

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Haywood, A. M., D. J. Hill, A. M. Dolan, B. Otto-Bliesner, F. Bragg, W. L. Chan, M. A. Chandler, et al. "Large-scale features of Pliocene climate: results from the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project." Climate of the Past Discussions 8, no. 4 (July 30, 2012): 2969–3013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-8-2969-2012.

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Abstract. Climate and environments of the mid-Pliocene Warm Period (3.264 to 3.025 Ma) have been extensively studied. Whilst numerical models have shed light on the nature of climate at the time, uncertainties in their predictions have not been systematically examined. The Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project quantifies uncertainties in model outputs through a co-ordinated multi-model and multi-model/data intercomparison. Whilst commonalities in model outputs for the Pliocene are evident, we show substantial variation in the sensitivity of models to the implementation of Pliocene boundary conditions. Models appear able to reproduce many regional changes in temperature reconstructed from geological proxies. However, data/model comparison highlights the potential for models to underestimate polar amplification. To assert this conclusion with greater confidence, limitations in the time-averaged proxy data currently available must be addressed. Sensitivity tests exploring the "known unknowns" in modelling Pliocene climate specifically relevant to the high-latitudes are also essential (e.g. palaeogeography, gateways, orbital forcing and trace gasses). Estimates of longer-term sensitivity to CO2 (also known as Earth System Sensitivity; ESS), suggest that ESS is greater than Climate Sensitivity (CS), and that the ratio of ESS to CS is between 1 and 2, with a best estimate of 1.5.

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21

Hines, W. G. S. "ESS modelling of diploid populations I: anatomy of one-locus allelic frequency simplices." Advances in Applied Probability 26, no. 2 (June 1994): 341–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1427440.

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Abstract:

In order to determine the robustness of the mean-covariance approach to exploring behavioural models of sexual diploid biological populations which are based on the evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS) concept, relevant features of the probability simplex of allelic frequencies for a population with genetic variability at a single locus are explored. Singularities and related properties of mappings from the space of allele frequencies to the space of strategy frequencies are examined, and related to a certain covariance measure of variability present in the population.A companion paper builds on this characterization to establish that previous claims of stability in fact hold under slightly weaker conditions than initially indicated. The pair of papers also determines conditions under which unstable equilibria can occur, and establishes that these conditions are exceptional in practice.

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22

Hines, W. G. S. "ESS modelling of diploid populations I: anatomy of one-locus allelic frequency simplices." Advances in Applied Probability 26, no. 02 (June 1994): 341–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001867800026239.

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Abstract:

In order to determine the robustness of the mean-covariance approach to exploring behavioural models of sexual diploid biological populations which are based on the evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS) concept, relevant features of the probability simplex of allelic frequencies for a population with genetic variability at a single locus are explored. Singularities and related properties of mappings from the space of allele frequencies to the space of strategy frequencies are examined, and related to a certain covariance measure of variability present in the population.A companion paper builds on this characterization to establish that previous claims of stability in fact hold under slightly weaker conditions than initially indicated. The pair of papers also determines conditions under which unstable equilibria can occur, and establishes that these conditions are exceptional in practice.

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23

Heino, Mikko, and Veijo Kaitala. "Evoluationary Consequences of Density Dependence on Optimal Maturity in Animals with Indeterminate Growth." Journal of Biological Systems 05, no. 02 (June 1997): 181–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218339097000138.

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We consider life history consequences of density dependence to age at maturity in populations of freshwater clams. We study in particular the trade-off between growth and reproduction. For the purposes of the analysis we developed an age-structured population dynamics model for animals with indeterminate growth. In modelling evolution, we apply the concept of evolutionarily stable strategies (ESS) and compare them to the traditional density independent optimization criteria, or fitness measures, r and R0. Population regulation by density substantially affects the optimal timing of maturity. Different types of density dependence may produce both quantitatively and qualitatively different predictions for ESS age at maturity. We conclude that the way in which density dependence works in populations is essential for analysing life history evolution and population dynamics. As a whole, density dependence should be considered as an important evolutionary force, affecting the key fitness components like death and birth rates either directly, or indirectly via changes in e.g. growth rate.

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Boi, Mauro, Rosa Anna Mastromauro, Andrea Floris, and Alfonso Damiano. "Integration of Sodium Metal Halide Energy Storage Systems in Telecommunication Microgrids: Performance Analysis of DC-DC Converter Topologies." Energies 16, no. 5 (February 23, 2023): 2169. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16052169.

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The present paper proposes an integrated method for modelling and designing Energy Storage Systems (ESSs) based on Sodium Metal Halide Batteries (SMHBs). The implementation of the proposed methodology for designing an SMHB-ESS used for supporting telecommunication DC microgrids is presented. The motivation concerning this specific case study is the role assumed by battery technology in improving the reliability and robustness of telecommunication DC microgrids. In this context, the SMHBs, due to their operative temperature, dynamic power response and robustness against cell breakdown, represent one of the most suitable technologies, mainly when challenging environmental conditions occur. The motivation for implementing an integrated design approach is the non-linear behaviour of SMHBs, which requires a high accuracy in battery modelling and in managing DC-DC interfacing for full SMHB capacity exploitation. To highlight the advantages of this novel approach, a comparison between the SMHB- ESS designs considering, as the DC-DC converter, a buck–boost topology actually implemented in the commercial systems and a Dual-Active-Bridge (DAB) converter, specifically developed for this kind of battery, was investigated. Considering different operating conditions in a specific DC telecommunication microgrid, the designed configurations of SMHB ESSs were simulated. Finally, a comparison of simulation results is presented and discussed, highlighting that DABs, despite their greater complexity compared to buck–boost converters, present advantages in terms of flexibility, dynamic performances and efficiency, increasing the available SMHB capacity by 10%.

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Tang, Yanan, Hua Ye, Yao Liu, Wei Pei, and Li Kong. "Dynamic modelling and long-term simulation of ultracapacitor-type ESS integration in power grid." Journal of Engineering 2019, no. 16 (March 1, 2019): 1544–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/joe.2018.8561.

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Nuppenau, Ernst-August. "Eco-System Services in Agrarian Value Chains: Value Detection of Bio-Diversity as Public Good Provision, Problems, and Institutional Issues." Sustainability 11, no. 1 (December 20, 2018): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11010026.

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Valuation of nature (biodiversity: BD) and in particular ecosystem services (ESS) are important prerequisites for the design of cultural landscapes as well as in agricultural policy and the generation of BD as public interest. Designs should be built on valuation and valuation is usually seen as market assignment of prices. Yet, there is a problem with market failure. BD and ESS can be characterized as public goods, both being non-rival and non-exclusive, thus demanding public provision. Largely due to public pressure, nature provision and planning has received increased attention. Especially as a means to create values i.e. in conservation projects and specifically to add value and income to farmers’ value chains. Governments seek to promote BD and landscape provision by farmers, but money is scarce. Planners frequently do not know what the public wants and contingent valuation results are often regarded as insufficient because of missing vehicles of payment. There is scope for a more workable coordination process (institutional innovation) between interests in nature provision projects (being oriented at BD and corresponding ESS) and willingness to pay WTP (for foods related to nature). It is the objective to show that value chains of food products which are strongly related to nature and landscapes are a venue to go under multi-functionality for BD. The issue addressed is to offer a BD which creates WTP in value chains and serves as source of finance for BD provision. Hereby, the public is represented by an ecological management. We will primarily provide an analytical framework which merges public good provision theory with farm behavior modelling as well as draws on modeling of bargaining as solutions from social power theory. Provision is set by valuing through BD management and foods contain ESS by which the value chain improves at private good markets. Food is marketed through a special value chain and consumers help to finance public management of ESS. We distinguish the process of public preference formation from those of individual formation and can reckon a concept of social power. 1. An introduction to preference detection highlights the need for a public approach. 2. Interest group preferences are modeled. 3. A manager will be entitled to charge fees to beneficiaries and guarantee compensations. 4. Bargaining for BD indicating ESS is outlined.

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Ylikännö, Minna. "Employees’ Satisfaction with the Balance Between Work and Leisure in Finland, Sweden, Norway and Denmark - Time Use Perspective." Finnish Journal of Social Research 3 (December 15, 2010): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.51815/fjsr.110699.

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This study aims at investigating the level of satisfaction with the allocation of time between work and leisure, and possible explaining factors, among the employed in Finland, Sweden, Norway and Denmark. Using the European Social Survey (ESS) Round 3 data from 2006, it is possible to make competent quantitative comparisons between the Nordic countries (excluding Island which did not participate in the ESS data collection). Multilevel modelling (GLM) was used for data analyses. Only those respondents to the ESS survey who were currently employed were included in the analysis. The results show that the Danish employees are the most satisfied and the Swedish employees the least satisfied with the division of time between work and other aspects of life. In all the four countries, work-related rather than family-related or other leisure-oriented factors predicted the level of satisfaction. Socio-economic and family-related factors predicted satisfaction at the country level, but did not account for common explanatory factors. However, it may be that those who are potentially the most dissatisfied due to difficulties in combining work and family are not at work at all, and thus not involved in the study. The observed differences between the countries are discussed in the present article. To conclude from the results of this study, poor work content reduces temporal commitment to work, and accordingly, time use as a central element of individual well-being should not be ignored.

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Takada, T., and J. Kigami. "The dynamical attainability of ESS in evolutionary games." Journal of Mathematical Biology 29, no. 6 (June 1991): 513–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00164049.

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Pang, Bo, Li Chen, and Zuomin Dong. "Data-Driven Degradation Modeling and SOH Prediction of Li-Ion Batteries." Energies 15, no. 15 (August 1, 2022): 5580. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15155580.

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Electrified vehicles (EV) and marine vessels represent promising clean transportation solutions to reduce or eliminate petroleum fuel use, greenhouse gas emissions and air pollutants. The presently commonly used electric energy storage system (ESS) is based on lithium-ion batteries. These batteries are the electrified or hybridized powertrain’s most expensive component and show noticeable performance degradations under different use patterns. Therefore, battery life prediction models play a key role in realizing globally optimized EV design and energy control strategies. This research studies the data-driven modelling and prediction methods for Li-ion batteries’ performance degradation behaviour and the state of health (SOH) estimation. The research takes advantage of the increasingly available battery test and data to reduce prediction errors of the widely used semi-empirical modelling methods. Several data-driven modelling techniques have been applied, improved, and compared to identify their advantages and limitations. The data-driven approach and Kalman Filter (KF) algorithm are used to estimate and predict the degradation of the battery during operation. The combined algorithm of Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) and Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) showed higher accuracy than other algorithms.

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Bao, Xianqiang, Xinghua Xu, Yan Zhang, Yiyong Xiong, and Chengya Shang. "Optimal Sizing of Battery Energy Storage System in a Shipboard Power System with considering Energy Management Optimization." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2021 (July 12, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9032206.

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Due to the increasing concerns about the environmental and economic issues of traditional ships, all-electric ships with energy storage and renewable energy integration have become more and more appealing for the forthcoming future. In this paper, an optimal energy storage system (ESS) capacity determination method for a marine ferry ship is proposed; this ship has diesel generators and PV panels. ESSs sizing optimization and power system scheduling optimization are simultaneously conducted and it is converted to a mixed-integer quadratic programming (MIQP) model with special modeling techniques. The case study shows that the proposed method is flexible and effective, and the relationships between the ESSs size and the discharge rate, life cycle times, or initial investment cost are investigated.

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Chambon, Amalia, Esben Klinkby, Leif Emås, and Bent Lauritzen. "Assessment of shutdown dose rates at the ESS target cooling system using SCALE6.2." Journal of Neutron Research 22, no. 2-3 (October 20, 2020): 309–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jnr-190136.

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The production of high-energy neutrons at the European Spallation Source through the spallation process may cause an erosion of the tungsten target. The eroded particles could be released into the target helium cooling system which contains four kind of filters. Among them, the auxiliary filters called “getters” are designed to capture volatile elements and remaining dust. In this work, the ORNL’s SCALE6.2 modelling and simulation suite for nuclear safety analysis is applied to assess shutdown dose rates and determine if added shielding and/or robotic arms are needed for their maintenance. SCALE6.2 is well adapted to treat this problem as it allows for isotope selection regarding source term calculation. Dose rates are determined by an ORIGEN2 source term and a MAVRIC shielding sequence calculation. As SCALE6.2 is non-standard software for ESS, the results are verified against MCNP, which is the baseline tool for neutronics analysis at ESS. Dose rate calculations show that additional shielding and/or robot arm are not needed to remove the getters after 3 months of cooling time, following 5400 h of operation at 5 MW beam power. At a distance of 1 mm from the getter, the dose rate is 0.2 mSv/h in the most conservative estimation.

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Vandenhende-Szymanski, C., B. Hochet, D. Chevalier, and G. Mortuaire. "Olfactory cleft opacity and CT score are predictive factors of smell recovery after surgery in nasal polyposis." Rhinology journal 53, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4193/rhino14.160.

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Objectives: To assess subjective improvement of olfactory function following endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) in chronic rhinosinusitis associated with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and to analyse factors of recovery with the European Test of Olfactory Capabilities (ETOC). Methods: We carried out a prospective study of 30 patients with CRSwNP from November 2011 to April 2013. The ETOC was filled the day before surgery and in the short term follow-up. Sixteen suprathreshold odorants with a detection task and a forced choice verbal identification task were tested. Results: The mean composite score (MCS) improved at 3 and 6 months. The preoperative MCS was correlated to the Lund-Mackay score and to the olfactory cleft opacification on preoperative computed tomography (CT) scan. Multivariate linear regression modelling of patients with preoperative anosmia showed that the olfactory recovery at 3 months was predicted by the preoperative Lund-Mackay score and the age, and at 6 months by the preoperative Lund-Mackay score. Conclusion: With a convenient psychophysical test, we showed that olfactory cleft opacification and CT scan score could be predictive factors of olfaction disorder severity and improvement after ESS in CRSwNP. These results need to be strengthened in the long term with a larger panel of patients.

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Gordon, A., S. Pradeepan, and G. Paech. "O013 Anxiety and depression in adults referred for diagnostic sleep studies at an Australian tertiary sleep referral centre." SLEEP Advances 3, Supplement_1 (October 1, 2022): A6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleepadvances/zpac029.012.

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Abstract Background Depression, anxiety and sleep disorders are frequently comorbid. Our study sought to understand local prevalence of depression and anxiety; and their interaction with sleep disordered breathing, sleep quality and sleepiness. Methods Apnoea hypopnoea index (AHI), arousal index (AI) and sleep efficiency (SE) were extracted from sequential in-laboratory diagnostic sleep studies (n=996) over three years and linked to demographic data and routine patient questionnaires (Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scores (HADS), and comorbidities). Anxiety or depression was either self-reported, or determined by HADS A ≥11 or D ≥8. Regression modelling was used to determine the effect of anxiety and depression on ESS, AHI, SE and AI. Significance was p<0.05 and mean±SD or median(IQR) are reported. Progress/Results Participants were: 49.3% male, BMI 34±8.9Kg/m2, and age 50±17.0 years. Sleep indices were: AHI 18.2(5.3-43.6)/h, AI 17.7(9.8-30.9)/h, and SE 77.2±13.4%. Anxiety alone, depression alone or both were present in 75 (7.5%), 177 (17.8%) and 359 (36%) patients respectively. Raised HADS anxiety/depression scores in the absence of self-reported diagnoses were present in 91 (9.1%) and 136 (13.7%) subjects. The presence of anxiety or depression did not affect AHI, but increased ESS by 2.2 (p<0.001), AI by 3.3/h (p<0.01) and reduced SE by 1.7% (p=0.05) compared to their absence. Intended outcome/Discussion Diagnoses of depression or anxiety are associated with poorer sleep quality and increased sleepiness despite similar AHI. Screening patients for depression/anxiety is suggested given frequent raised HADS scores without a formal diagnosis, and the higher prevalence compared to the general population.

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Xiao, Sa, Shu-Yan Chen, and Gang Wang. "Does the ESS height of plant population still exist with the inclusion of spatial structure?—An individual-based model research." Ecological Modelling 204, no. 1-2 (May 2007): 213–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2007.01.025.

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Hines, W. G. S. "Multi-locus ESS Models: Non-additive Effects." Journal of Theoretical Biology 191, no. 2 (March 1998): 181–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jtbi.1997.0578.

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Arik, Soner. "The predictive powers of organizational trust and justice on enabling school structure: A structural equation modelling approach." African Educational Research Journal 9, no. 2 (May 14, 2021): 449–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.30918/aerj.92.21.044.

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Organizational structures are an important organizational variable affecting organizational behaviours and individuals' relationships with each other. The structural dimension of schools in terms of educational management is evaluated under two groups in the literature, namely, enabling and hindering school structures. Enabling school structures provide a healthy school climate and help schools be more effective. Individuals' perceptions of organizational trust and justice are also effective in ensuring a healthy school climate and school effectiveness. The aim of this study is to examine the predictive power of teachers' perceptions of organizational trust and justice on their perceptions of the enabling school structure. The structural equation model was used in the study, which is designed in the descriptive survey method. The study group is composed of 1187 teachers working at primary, secondary and high schools. Data were collected through Enabling School Structure Scale (Form-ESS), Organizational Justice Scale, Organizational Trust Scale and a Personal Information Form. The findings revealed that teachers' perceptions of organizational justice and organizational trust predict their perceptions about enabling school structure.

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Liberman, U. "External stability and ESS: criteria for initial increase of new mutant allele." Journal of Mathematical Biology 26, no. 4 (August 1988): 477–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00276375.

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Fryer, T., C. Cannings, and G. T. Vickers. "Sperm Competition I: Basic Model, ESS and Dynamics." Journal of Theoretical Biology 196, no. 1 (January 1999): 81–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jtbi.1998.0822.

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Tseng, Cheng-Jui, Ngakan Ketut Acwin Dwijendra, Maria Jade Catalan Opulencia, Sarvinoz Ganieva, and Iskandar Muda. "Optimal Energy Management in a Smart Micro Grid with Demand Side Participation." Environmental and Climate Technologies 26, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 228–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2022-0018.

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Abstract The energy management in energy systems is the main solution for energy companies in order to provide minimization of the energy generation costs and emission polluting. In this work, a multi-criteria optimization model is implemented for minimizing the generation cost and emission in a smart micro grid (SMG) at day-ahead planning. In this modelling, the demand side participates in optimal energy management through two strategies such as demand shifting and onsite generation by the energy storage system (ESS). The optimal participation of demand side is modelled based on energy price in energy market. Implementation of the proposed approach in GAMS software is done, and weight sum method (WSM) is employed for solving multi-criteria optimization. The desired optimal solution of multi-criteria objectives is found via the max-min fuzzy procedure. Finally, confirmation of the proposed approach is analysed by numerical simulation in two case studies.

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Ouramdane, Oussama, Elhoussin Elbouchikhi, Yassine Amirat, and Ehsan Sedgh Gooya. "Optimal Sizing and Energy Management of Microgrids with Vehicle-to-Grid Technology: A Critical Review and Future Trends." Energies 14, no. 14 (July 10, 2021): 4166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14144166.

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The topic of microgrids (MGs) is a fast-growing and very promising field of research in terms of energy production quality, pollution reduction and sustainable development. Moreover, MGs are, above all, designed to considerably improve the autonomy, sustainability, and reliability of future electrical distribution grid. At the same time, aspects of MGs energy management, taking into consideration distribution generation systems, energy storage devices, electric vehicles, and consumption components have been widely investigated. Besides, grid architectures including DC, AC, or hybrid power generation systems, energy dispatching problems modelling, operating modes (islanded or grid connected), MGs sizing, simulations and problems solving optimization approaches, and other aspects, have been raised as topics of great interest for both electrical and computer sciences research communities. Furthermore, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and government policies and incentives have paved the way to massive electric vehicle (EV) deployment. Hence, several research studies have been conducted to investigate the integration of EVs in national power grid and future MGs. Specifically, EV charging stations’ bi-directional power flow control and energy management have been considerably explored. These issues index challenging research topics, which are in most cases still under progress. This paper gives an overview of MGs technology advancement in recent decades, taking into consideration distributed energy generation (DER), energy storage systems (ESS), EVs, and loads. It reviews the main MGs architecture, operating modes, sizing and energy management systems (EMS) and EVs integration.

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Chan, J., K. Thum, A. Ihdayhid, A. Comella, J. Cameron, M. Khamooshi, U. Thakur, et al. "Validation of Non-Invasive Endothelial Shear Stress (ESS) Estimations of Coronary Artery Haemodynamics via In-Silico and In-Vivo Modelling." Heart, Lung and Circulation 31 (2022): S188. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hlc.2022.06.303.

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Borštnik, B., D. Pumpernik, I. L. Hofacker, and G. L. Hofacker. "An ESS-analysis for ensembles of Prisoner's dilemma strategies." Journal of Theoretical Biology 142, no. 2 (January 1990): 189–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-5193(05)80221-8.

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Vickery, William L. "How to cheat against a simple mixed strategy ESS." Journal of Theoretical Biology 127, no. 2 (July 1987): 133–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-5193(87)80124-8.

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Vankadari, Praveen. "Comparison Study of Battery & Supercapacitor Standalone Storage System Based Light Electric Vehicle Using MATLAB/SIMULINK." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 12 (December 31, 2021): 1071–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.39471.

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Abstract: Because of rising air pollution and finite oil supplies, the transportation sector is transitioning from IC engine vehicles (ICEV) to EV (Electric Vehicle). However, because of the constraints imposed by the energy storage, there are still some questions about EV's performance and dependability. In our proposed system, a comprehensive analysis has been carried out on a Light EV configuration having a propulsion system driven by a BLDC motor supplied by a Energy storage system (ESS) consisting of a Battery or Supercapacitor. To gain an understanding of the electric vehicle driving dynamics, it is first simulated based on fundamental knowledge about electric vehicles. Then each component and their modelling with control strategies are developed to get a clear picture of the computation of various constraints in EV during its operation. Later parts of this study are dedicated to examining their energy and power management during the acceleration and deceleration phases of the vehicle for battery and supercapacitor standalone operations separately with their key results tabulated using MATLAB/Simulink. Keywords: EV (Electric Vehicle), BLDC motor, Energy storage system, Battery, Supercapacitor, Energy Management System.

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Garay, József, and Zoltán Varga. "Coincidence of ESAD and ESS in dominant–recessive hereditary systems." Journal of Theoretical Biology 222, no. 3 (June 2003): 297–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-5193(03)00027-4.

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Yaniv, Osnat. "Properties of a mixed ESS candidate in continuous strategy sets." Journal of Theoretical Biology 238, no. 4 (February 2006): 795–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2005.06.032.

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Hatcher, Melanie J., and Chris Tofts. "The effect of point of expression on ESS sex ratios." Journal of Theoretical Biology 175, no. 2 (July 1995): 263–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jtbi.1995.0139.

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Shan, Shaonan, Xia Duan, Ying Zhang, Ting Ting Zhang, and Hui Li. "Research on Collaborative Governance of Smart Government Based on Blockchain Technology: An Evolutionary Approach." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2021 (February 16, 2021): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6634386.

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Smart government is an important means of optimizing government management, improving the government decision-making capacity, and pushing forward the public service. When the smart government process applies, the dire straits of collaborative governance among the different participants could not be ignored usually caused by maximizing their profits. Based on the current research, this paper introduces the blockchain technology into the smart government system and establishes a smart government platform architecture. Meanwhile, to analyse the evolutionary and stable strategies of the three parties under the blockchain technology, the evolutionary game model including functional departments, local governments, and end users as the main players is established on account of the bounded rationality. By examining the “blockchain + government service” in Beijing with the systemic dynamics theory, this paper changes the influencing factors simulated by changing the parameter assignment, to determine the evolutionary stable equilibrium under different external conditions. The results show that local government supervision plays a leading role in the process of collaborative governance of smart government based on blockchain technology; meanwhile, effective cost control is a key factor affecting the evolutionary stability strategy (ESS). Besides, the “decentralized” structure, “distrust” architecture, and “precision” mechanism of the blockchain are verified for the effect of the evolution process. Among them, precision service and flat management improve the possibility of collaborative governance, but the impact of the trust mechanism is not obvious. Therefore, the collaborative governance model of smart government based on blockchain technology is loaded with far-reaching significance for promoting the modernization of China’s governance capacity and governance system.

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Sawicki, Sylwester, Henryk Dyja, and Sebastian Mróz. "Metallographic Analysis of Bimetallic Ribbed Bars Produced from Feedstock Mill of the Surfacing Method TIG and of the Method ESS LM Received." Solid State Phenomena 199 (March 2013): 454–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.199.454.

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A considerable increase in interest in using corrosion resistant steel clad ribbed bars in the construction industry has been observed in recent years. This is owing to the particular properties of these bars, namely high durability and rigidity, good mechanical properties, and high corrosion resistance. Bimetallic ribbed bars can be manufactured in medium-size and small shape mills from previously produced bimetallic feedstock. The manufacture of ribbed bars with an outer layer of corrosion-resistant steel is a complicated process that involves numerous technological problems. The most important of which include the obtaining of bimetallic feedstock with the adequate strength of the bond in the region of junction between the core and the clad layer, and assuring the even plastic flow of both bimetallic layers during the process of rolling in the elongating and forming passes in the shape Mill. Failure to meet these conditions may result in a delamination of the bimetallic band during rolling or the formation of other defects, which will disqualify the finished bimetallic bar [1÷4]. In the paper the metallographic analysis of bimetallic ribbed bars steel-steel resistant to corrosion produced from bimetallic feedstock mill of the surfacing method TIG and of the method ESS LM received. Surfacing method TIG and ESS LM method are the affirmed processes the receipt the bars plated is characterizing the large strength of bond two different metals. Moreover, in this study, the authors present the bond strength of interface of bimetallic joint of the cross section on the test bar. The core was of the constructional carbon steel C45E and the clad layer was made of the corrosion resistant steel X2CrNi18-10. Plastometric tests were performed on a Gleeble 3800 plastometer owned by the Institute of Modelling and Automation of Plastic Working Processes, using strain rates of 0.1 s-1, 1.0 s-1 and 10 s-1 respectively [1÷3, 7].

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Bach, L. A., T. Helvik, and F. B. Christiansen. "The evolution of n-player cooperation—threshold games and ESS bifurcations." Journal of Theoretical Biology 238, no. 2 (January 2006): 426–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2005.06.007.

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Journal articles on the topic 'ESS modelling'

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