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Academic literature on the topic 'Espèces marines benthiques'
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Journal articles on the topic "Espèces marines benthiques"
Hassoun, Mustapha, Ghizlane Salhi, Hajar Bouksir, Hanaa Moussa, Hassane Riadi, and Mohamed Kazzaz. "Codium tomentosum var. mucronatum et son epiphyte Aglaothamnion pseudobyssoides, deux nouvelles espèces d’algues benthiques pour la phycoflore du Maroc. Codium tomentosum var. mucronatum and Aglaothamnion pseudobyssoides, two new records for Morocco." Acta Botanica Malacitana 39 (December 1, 2014): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.24310/abm.v39i1.2584.
Full textRiadi, Hassane, Mohammed Kallaz, and Mohammed Ater. "Contribution à la connaissance des algues marines benthiques du Détroit de Gibraltar et de la Méditerranée occidentale marocaine .I. Chlorophyceae et Phaeophyceae." Acta Botanica Malacitana 25 (December 1, 2000): 5–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.24310/abm.v25i0.8469.
Full textProvencher, Lizon, and Claude Nozères. "Biodiversité du secteur marin de la péninsule de Manicouagan : une aire marine protégée en devenir." Sciences de la mer 137, no. 1 (December 6, 2012): 51–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1013190ar.
Full textBeazley, Karen, Martin Willison, Robert Long, and Paula MacKay. "A REPORT ON A CONSERVATION PLANNING PROCESS FOR A TERRESTRIAL AND MARINE BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION VISION IN NOVA SCOTIA." Proceedings of the Nova Scotian Institute of Science (NSIS) 42, no. 2 (November 1, 2004). http://dx.doi.org/10.15273/pnsis.v42i2.3611.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Espèces marines benthiques"
Bréau, Ludovic. "Etude de la bioaccumulation des métaux dans quelques espèces marines tropicales : recherche de bioindicateurs de contamination et application à la surveillance de l'environnement côtier dans le lagon sud-ouest de la Nouvelle-Calédonie." La Rochelle, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LAROS109.
Full textThe present work has two goals : i) identify few macrobenthic species as potential biomonitors of metal contamination of the coastal environment in New Caledonia ; ii) use jointly these species to assess bioavailable metal inputs in different areas of the SW lagoon. On the basis of biological inventories carried out in six different coastal sites, ten species (macroalgae, bivalves, echinoderms and octocorals) commonly found in these sites were selected. The study of concentration levels and geographical variability of Al, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni and Zn in soft tissues of these species showed that most of them appear to be suitable biomonitors, especially the alga Lobophora variegata and the bivalve Isognomon isognomon. Metal concentrations and spatial differences in these species revealed that two significant part of terrigenous metal inputs to the lagoon is bioavailable to these species
Guillaumot, Charlène. "Modelling the response of Antarctic marine species to environmental changes. Methods, applications and limitations." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UBFCK020.
Full textAmong tools that are used to fill knowledge gaps on natural systems, ecological modelling has been widely applied during the last two decades. Ecological models are simple representations of a complex reality. They allow to highlight environmental drivers of species ecological niche and better understand species responses to environmental changes. However, applying models to Southern Ocean benthic organisms raises several methodological challenges. Species presence datasets are often aggregated in time and space nearby research stations or along main sailing routes. Data are often limited in number to correctly describe species occupied space and physiology. Finally, environmental datasets are not precise enough to accurately represent the complexity of marine habitats. Can we thus generate performant and accurate models at the scale of the Southern Ocean ? What are the limits of such approaches ? How could we improve methods to build more relevant models ? In this PhD thesis, three different model categories have been studied and their performance evaluated. (1) Mechanistic physiological models (Dynamic Energy Budget models, DEB) simulate how the abiotic environment influences individual metabolism and represent the species fundamental niche. (2) Species distribution models (SDMs) predict species distribution probability by studying the relationship between species presences and the environment. They represent the species realised niche. (3) Dispersal lagrangian models predict the drift of propagules in water masses. Results show that physiological models can be developed for marine Southern Ocean species to simulate the metabolic variations in link with the environment and predict population dynamics. However, more data are necessary to highlight detailed physiological contrasts between populations and to accurately evaluate models. Results obtained for SDMs suggest that models generated at the scale of the Southern Ocean and future simulations are not relevant, given the lack of data available to characterise species occupied space, the lack of precision and accuracy of future climate scenarios and the impossibility to evaluate models. Moreover, model extrapolate on a large proportion of the projected area. Adding information on species physiological limits (observations, results from experiments, physiological model outputs) was shown to reduce extrapolation and to improve the capacity of models to estimate the species realised niche. Spatial aggregation of occurrence data, which influenced model predictions and evaluation was also succefully corrected. Finally, dispersal models showed an interesting potential to highlight the role of geographic barriers or conversely of spatial connectivity and also the link between species distribution, physiology and phylogeny history. This PhD thesis provides methodological advices, annoted codes and tutorials to help implement future modelling works applied to Southern Ocean marine species
Morfin, Marie. "Dynamiques spatio-temporelles d'espèces démersales clés du golfe du Lion : bénéfices potentiels d’aires marines protégées." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20158.
Full textDemersal species represent 50% of French fisheries catches in theGulf of Lions, most of which are fully exploited, or overfished for decades. This thesis evaluates the relevance of marine protected areas (MPAs) as a tool for conservation and management of these populations. So far these areas have been implemented only along the coast to protect the very few mobile species. The problem is more complex for deep sea species because their habitat is broader and more diffuse. To do this, the spatial distribution of 12 key demersal species exploited were studied from 1994 to 2010, with scientific observations and ad hoc statistical tools. A geostatistical approach allowed to detect spatial autocorrelation structures for all species, and produce maps of annual distributions of each species. These distributions appeared very stable over 17 years, apart from a phenomenon of expansion/ contraction with the level of total abundance in the region. In addition, a generalized linear model approach revealed significant associations of these species to a temporally stable habitat. These results are consistent with MacCall basin theory, according which habitat suitability is a density-dependent thus the increase of individuals in an area make them colonize sub-optimal habitats. An optimal habitat under protection could thus be "source" habitat, if the area is carefully chosen. Indeed reporting the fishing effort outside the MPA can instead make this measure ineffective or deleterious. The adult population were generally in more concentrated areas and included in the spatial range of juveniles. These common areas of essential habitat (breeding and nursery) may be potentially interesting to protect a single species . However, the heterogeneity of distributions of a species to another involves the introduction of very sparse areas, making the management difficult. However an area of reasonable size has been identified, covering 20% of the population of each species and representative of the diversity of bottom habitats in the region
Merigot, Bastien. "Analyse multi-composantes de la diversité spécifique : applications aux peuplements marins." Aix-Marseille 2, 2008. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2008AIX22039.pdf.
Full textFor many years, biodiversity has been of growing interest, in both the lay and the scientific community, with regard to its assessment and preservation. In this context, the present study proposes a methodological framework which explicitly takes into account the multi-component character of diversity with the aim of improving diversity assessment and management. This approach allows to choose only complementary diversity indices that can serve to describe the various facets of the species diversity studied. Our results are important for monitoring the diversity of assemblages as it can serve as a basis for drawing up a preliminary shortlist of indices and thus facilitate the description of these systems. Finally, this approach could allow better assessment of the relative suitability of the various descriptors studied as indicators for monitoring settlements and ecosystems
Fersi, Abir. "Les communautés macrozoobenthiques des chenaux de marée du golfe de Gabès." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMC246.
Full textThis study is based on the qualitative and quantitative, spatial and temporal description of the macrozoobenthic communities of the tidal channels of the Gulf of Gabes. Benthos was analyzed over 26 stations and during four seasons from March 2016 to January 2017. Results show the identification of a total of 23 506 individuals representing 311 species of benthic macrofauna. These species are divided into four main zoological groups. Polychetes dominate the assemblage with about 127 species and a total number of 12 077 individuals.This inedit assemblage of invertebrates represents an exceptional and unique record in Tunisia and in the world marine science: we added five new species of amphipods, a new species of molluscs, five Tanaidaceae including a new species Apseudopsis gabesi Esquete 2019 and seven new species of polychaetes. Species diversity and abundance are higher in winter than in other seasons over all tidal channels. Fauna assemblage is dominated by a small number of species characteristic of the areas of accumulation of detritus material and herbaceous zones. The structure of the benthos is related to the location of tidal channels in the Gulf of Gabes. Abundances are low in the Kerkennah Channel compared to other channels, including the Maltine Channel, with a high accumulation of organic matter during winter. There are also low abundances in high energy hydrodynamic zones with gravel sediments; conversely, the presence of macrophytes increases the diversity of macrozoobenthos. The highest values for total organic matter are found in muddy sediments. The type of sediment varies from one channel to another depending on the location and characteristics of each one and the type of sediments. Overall studied stations are not contaminated except those of the CML1 station which have Pb contamination. . Most of sediments are sandy that is not favorable to the fixing of pollutants (fixed rather on the clay minerals, the organic matter, the oxides, the sulphides which belong rather to the fine fractions and which one found in the mudflates). Each channel presents an original faunistic assemblage dominated by polychaetes, amphipods, tanaidaceans or molluscs