Journal articles: 'ESP paradox'

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White, Michael. "Cracking the Code of Press Headlines: From Difficulty to Opportunity for the Foreign Language Learner." International Journal of English Studies 11, no. 1 (June 1, 2011): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/ijes/2011/1/137121.

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While press materials, are widely used both as an ESP materials resource and as a research source by ESP practitioners, press headlines in English confront the Non Native Speaker (NNS) and to some extent the Native Speaker (NS) with a notorious paradox: headlines are crafted to raise communication potential and yet, rather than communicate, they often perplex the reader. This may be devastating for motivation on the part of the English-as-a-foreign-language (EFL) student where even those at advanced level suffer frustration on failing to cope with headlines. The main arguments of this article are that headline perplexity is generated by the very communicatively driven strategies used in their configurations, that these strategies form patterns and that these patterns can be singled out and analysed in such a way as to enable the student to crack the code and thereby turn a liability into an asset, a stumbling block into a stepping stone.

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Soong, T., David Kolin, Nathan Teschan, and Christopher Crum. "Back to the Future? The Fallopian Tube, Precursor Escape and a Dualistic Model of High-Grade Serous Carcinogenesis." Cancers 10, no. 12 (November 28, 2018): 468. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers10120468.

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Beginning with the discovery of the BRCA-associated ovarian cancer susceptibility genes and subsequent detailed examination of risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) specimens, a new paradigm of ovarian carcinogenesis has unfolded with attention to the distal fallopian tube. The primary focus has been an early cancer or neoplasm in the fallopian tube which is seen in virtually all incidentally discovered high-grade serous cancers in asymptomatic women. This high-frequency of tubal involvement in early serous neoplasm (usually in the form of serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma—STIC) has galvanized attention to this organ as a primary source of this disease. However, an enduring mystery has been the relatively low frequency of STIC in the fallopian tubes of women with advanced malignancy. This paradox, a high frequency of tubal involvement early on and a low frequency of involvement later in the disease process, has spurred interest in other potential sources, such as the ovarian surface epithelium or cortical inclusions and the secondary Mullerian system. However, because essentially all high-grade serous carcinomas are linked by TP53 mutations, and because fallopian tubes frequently contain early serous proliferations (ESPs) with these mutations, attention has turned to the possibility that the nonmalignant but TP53 mutated tubal epithelium could be responsible for an eventual malignancy. Recent data have shown evidence of a lineage continuity between ESPs and concurrent serous carcinomas prompting the concept of “precursor escape”. This creates a second component of the paradigm by which cells from early precursors are shed from the tube and undergo subsequent malignant transformation, emerging suddenly as widespread intraperitoneal malignancy. This dualistic model thus provides a unique pathway by which the future outcome (wide spread high-grade serous carcinomas—HGSC) is ultimately explained by going back in time to an early serous proliferation. This paradigm also brings the peritoneal cavity into focus, raising new questions about the potential co-variables or exposures that might facilitate the occasional malignant transformation of an ESP in the peritoneal cavity or on the peritoneal surface.

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Sohn, Christophe, and Olivier Walther. "Métropolisation et intégration transfrontalière : le paradoxe luxembourgeois." Espaces et sociétés 138, no. 3 (2009): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/esp.138.0051.

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Abdesselam, A. "On the Clock Paradox." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 21 (July 29, 2016): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n21p130.

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Special Relativity presents before us several thought challenging paradoxes. The most famous one is the clock or twin paradox which arises from the well-known time dilation phenomenon. In this paper, we will give a brief but pedagogical treatment of this paradox. The crucial point is that the relativity of simultaneity, for events happening at different places, plays a fundamental role in understanding the apparent disagreement between the rest and the moving observers. Once this has been taken care of, the disagreement and the paradox would disappear.

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Kakushadze, Zura. "INVITED EDITORIAL Does the Universe have a Hard Drive?" European Scientific Journal, ESJ 13, no. 3 (January 31, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2017.v13n3p1.

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We discuss an apparent information paradox that arises in a materialist’s description of the Universe if we assume that the Universe is 100% quantum. We discuss possible ways out of the paradox, including that Laws of Nature are not purely deterministic, or that gravity is classical. Our observation of the paradox stems from an interdisciplinary thought process whereby the Universe can be viewed as a “quantum computer”. Our presentation is intentionally nontechnical to make it accessible to as wide a readership base as possible.

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Arnold, James. "The “Twin Paradox” Resolved." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 3 (January 30, 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n3p1.

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The so-called “Twin Paradox”, wherein a relativistic effect is hypothesized to produce verifiably different clock rates between bodies, has not been resolved to the satisfaction of many theorists. There has been an abiding difficulty with determining how arbitrary periods of uniform motion, when both twins will observe the other’s clock to move more slowly, can be resolved upon their reunion. Spacetime diagrams are used here to demonstrate visually and mathematically that there is a nonparadoxical explanation for the supposed discrepancy that has not been previously proposed.

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Serge Doubrovsky and Elizabeth H. Jones. "Serge Doubrovsky : le paradoxe d’un homme exporté et d’une œuvre inexportable." L'Esprit Créateur 49, no. 3 (2009): 8–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/esp.0.0185.

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Pathania, Kanika, and Aditya Bhattacharjea. "Inverted Duty Structures and the Paradox of Negative Effective Protection in India, 2000–2014." Foreign Trade Review 55, no. 2 (January 21, 2020): 139–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0972266119894131.

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In recent years, sections of Indian industry have complained that they are being harmed by an inverted duty structure (IDS). That is, tariffs on their imported inputs are higher than that on their outputs. In this article, we argue that the concept of effective rate of protection (ERP), despite its limitations in the context of general equilibrium theory, provides an appropriate tool for analysing this issue. We outline the theory underlying the calculation of ERP and its relationship with IDS. We then offer new estimates of ERP for the period 2000–2014 using a data source that, unlike those used by earlier authors, enables us to construct a time series on ERP for each sector, using different tariff rates applied by India on imports from different countries. We find many instances of IDS but none of them results in negative ERP. Cases of negative ERP are found in a few sectors and years for which the counterfactual value added under free trade is negative. We discuss some possible explanations for this phenomenon. Finally, we show statistically and econometrically that, in line with theoretical expectations, ERPs are positively related to the degree of tariff escalation. JEL Codes: F13, F14, O24

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Bouwman, Hindrik, Henk van den Berg, and Henrik Kylin. "DDT and Malaria Prevention: Addressing the Paradox." Environmental Health Perspectives 119, no. 6 (June 2011): 744–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1002127.

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Rohr, Jason R., Jenise Brown, William A. Battaglin, Taegan A. McMahon, and Rick A. Relyea. "A pesticide paradox: fungicides indirectly increase fungal infections." Ecological Applications 27, no. 8 (September 29, 2017): 2290–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eap.1607.

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Jetten, Jolanda. "The wealth paradox: Prosperity and opposition to immigration." European Journal of Social Psychology 49, no. 6 (May 17, 2019): 1097–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.2552.

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Mason, Terry W., and John J. Morris. "The Impact of Organizational Slack and Lag Time on Economic Productivity." International Journal of Enterprise Information Systems 13, no. 3 (July 2017): 36–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijeis.2017070103.

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Much like research on the productivity paradox of the 1980s, empirical research has not provided a clear association between investments in enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems and improved productivity, even though these systems were designed, developed, and marketed as productivity improvement tools. This paper explores the relationship between organizational slack and productivity improvements resulting from investments in ERP systems. The authors provide support for the proposition that during the period of time surrounding implementation, firms build organizational slack; and following implementation organizational slack is absorbed and productivity increases. Furthermore, the authors find that even though manufacturing firms drive the decrease in organizational slack during the post-ERP period, the magnitude of the increase in productivity is significantly larger for non-manufacturing firms.

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Spears, Bryan M., James E. Saunders, Irvine Davidson, and David M. Paterson. "Microalgal sediment biostabilisation along a salinity gradient in the Eden Estuary, Scotland: unravelling a paradox." Marine and Freshwater Research 59, no. 4 (2008): 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf07164.

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Microalgal biostabilisation of cohesive sediments via the production of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) has been well documented in intertidal ecosystems and represents a key ecosystem service with respect to the regulation of sediment transport. However, recent ecosystem comparison studies have uncovered a paradox in which sediment stability is commonly observed to be lower in freshwater ecosystems (compared with estuarine ecosystems) even though sediment EPS concentrations and microalgal biomass are high. Using a combination of freshwater and estuarine field and mesocosm techniques, the relative and interactive roles of salinity and the production of EPS (carbohydrate concentration) by benthic microalgae in the mediation of sediment stability in the Eden River catchment (river, mudflat and saltmarsh) were assessed. Sediment stability apparently increased with salinity from river (42.43 N m–2 surface stagnation pressure; salinity 0) to mudflat (98.65 N m–2; salinity 25) to saltmarsh (135.48 N m–2; salinity 46). The opposite trend was observed in sediment chlorophyll a and carbohydrate concentrations, indicating that salinity is the main variable driving sediment stability across the ecosystems under moderate EPS concentrations. Observations from mesocosm experiments highlighted the individual and combined importance of salinity and EPS in biostabilisation, with the largest increase in sediment stability observed following combined additions (25-fold increase compared with the control). The biogeochemical processes responsible, and their role in buffering phosphorus transport across the freshwater–saltwater transitional zone, are discussed.

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Hsu, Pei-Fang. "Commodity or competitive advantage? Analysis of the ERP value paradox." Electronic Commerce Research and Applications 12, no. 6 (November 2013): 412–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.elerap.2013.06.004.

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15

Warwick, Susan J. "Alice Munro: Paradox and Parallel by W. R. Martin." ESC: English Studies in Canada 14, no. 4 (1988): 481–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/esc.1988.0068.

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Cariou, Alain. "Ouzbékistan, le paradoxe de l’enracinement rural." Espace populations sociétés, no. 2007/1 (August 30, 2007): 101–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/eps.2018.

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Butler, Lisa. "The Paradox of Effeminized Masculinity and the Crisis of Authorship." ESC: English Studies in Canada 31, no. 2 (2005): 77–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/esc.2007.0010.

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Séverin, Mlan Konan, Yao Kouassi Ernest, and Zamble Bi Zamblé Boris. "Retour d’emigration, Enjeux Fonciers et Defi de Developpement a Zoukougbeu et Gregbeu (Centre-Ouest, Côte d’Evoire)." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 17, no. 32 (September 30, 2021): 236. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2021.v17n32p236.

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La crise politico-militaire de 2010 en Côte d’Ivoire a affecté les flux migratoires dans certaines régions du pays. On a assisté au retour massif de certaines populations dans leurs régions d’origine. Cette étude explore la question de la réinsertion des émigrants dans le jeu foncier de leur zone de départ, et met en exergue les enjeux sociaux liés à leur réintégration. L’étude vise à appréhender les stratégies développées par les populations résidentes et les émigrants dans la quête de ces derniers à intégrer l’arène foncière de leurs familles d’origine. La collecte des données a mobilisé la recherche documentaire, l’enquête par questionnaire, l’entretien et l’observation dans les sous-préfectures de Zoukougbeu et Gregbeu. L’étude relève que le retour définitif ou partiel des émigrants traduit un jeu de repositionnement, tant chez eux que chez les résidents. Le paradoxe de l’autochtone frustré par la raréfaction foncière mais qui constitue un acteur impulsant la dynamique sociale, politique et économique est expressif. En somme, cette étude invite à une politique de modernisation de l’agriculture afin que l’espoir des émigrants internes et externes (diaspora) débouche sur un retour partiel ou définitif réussi, avec des investissements productifs. The politico-military crisis of 2010 in Ivory Coast has affected migratory flows in some regions of the country. We have seen the massive return of some populations to their regions of origin. This study explores the question of the reintegration of emigrants into the land game of their area of departure, and highlights the social issues linked to their reintegration. The study aims to understand the strategies developed by resident populations and emigrants in the latter's quest to integrate the land arena of their families of origin. Data collection involved documentary research, questionnaire survey, interview and observation in the sub-prefectures of Zoukougbeu and Gregbeu. The study notes that the final or partial return of emigrants reflects a repositioning game, both for them and for residents. The paradox of the native frustrated by land scarcity but who is an actor driving social, political and economic dynamics is expressive. In short, this study calls for a policy of modernizing agriculture so that the hope of internal and external emigrants (diaspora) leads to a successful partial or final return, with productive investments.

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ROY, TIRTHANKAR. "The Monsoon and the Market for Money in Late-colonial India." Enterprise & Society 17, no. 2 (January 22, 2016): 324–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/eso.2015.84.

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Banking experienced large growth in colonial India along with a process of commercialization of agriculture. Yet, the rate of aggregate saving or investment remained low. This article is an attempt to resolve this paradox. It suggests that traditional forms of banking were helped by the formalization of indigenous negotiable instruments, but that transactions between bankers, merchants, and peasants were characterized by a limited use of legal instruments. The limited circulation of bills in this sphere is attributed, among other factors, to high seasonality in the demand for money. Seasonality-induced distortions in the organization of the money market made indigenous banking an unsuitable agent to promote saving and finance industrialization.

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Bishop, Lachlan G., Timothy C. Ralph, and Fabio Costa. "Billiard-ball paradox for a quantum wave packet." Classical and Quantum Gravity 39, no. 17 (August 15, 2022): 175007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6382/ac8198.

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Abstract Past studies of the billiard-ball paradox, a problem involving an object that travels back in time along a closed timelike curve (CTC), typically concern themselves with entirely classical histories, whereby any trajectorial effects associated with quantum mechanics cannot manifest. Here we develop a quantum version of the paradox, wherein a (semiclassical) wave packet evolves through a region containing a wormhole time machine. This is accomplished by mapping all relevant paths on to a quantum circuit, in which the distinction of the various paths is facilitated by representing the billiard particle with a clock state. For this model, we find that Deutsch's prescription (D-CTCs) provides self-consistent solutions in the form of a mixed state composed of terms which represent every possible configuration of the particle’s evolution through the circuit. In the equivalent circuit picture (ECP), this reduces to a binomial distribution in the number of loops of time machine. The postselected teleportation prescription (P-CTCs) on the other hand predicts a pure-state solution in which the loop counts have binomial coefficient weights. We then discuss the model in the continuum limit, with a particular focus on the various methods one may employ in order to guarantee convergence in the average number of clock evolutions. Specifically, for D-CTCs, we find that it is necessary to regularise the theory’s parameters, while P-CTCs alternatively require more contrived modification.

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Mbarki, M. Mohamed Amine, M. Jaouad Rharzouz, and M. Omar Boubker. "L’impact De La Formation, Selon Les Normes Qualite, Sur L’implication Du Personnel Sous Contrats Flexibles : Resultats D’une Etude Empirique." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 14, no. 2 (January 31, 2018): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2018.v14n2p173.

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This paper introduces the raising interests of certified automotive companies of Tangier-Tétouan region on quantitative flexibilization strategies, via atypical contracts. Therefore, the involvement paradox remains significant through contracts’ flexibility. Thus, the present study aims to analyze the training practices impact according to quality standards on stuff involvement under integration contract. On the methodological standpoint, we have combined between an exploratory qualitative approach and a confirmatory quantitative approach, on the basis of a sample of 170 operators under integration contracts in Moroccan automotive industry. The results show that employees ‘training influences positively on their level of emotional involvement.

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Mbarki, Mohamed Amine, and Jaouad Rharzouz. "L’impact Des Pratiques Qualite Sur L’implication Du Personnel Sous Contrat Flexible. Essai D’une Etude Qualitative Exploratoire Aupres Des Entreprises Du Secteur Automobile Sur La Region Du Nord Du Maroc." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 25 (September 30, 2016): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n25p199.

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The commitment is considered a very wide concept, which allows to clarify the links which the individual maintains with his work. It is the third principle of quality management systems. The increase of the atypical contracts, in certified companies of the automotive sector in the North of Morocco, puts the paradox: commitment - flexibility. The objective of this article is to analyze the impact of the quality practices on the commitment of the staff under the flexible contracts. On the methodological plan, we mobilized an exploratory qualitative hybrid approach, on the basis of a sample of seven companies of the automotive sector based in the North of Morocco.

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Byrne, D. "Bioterrorism: Crime and opportunity." Eurosurveillance 6, no. 11 (November 1, 2001): 157–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/esm.06.11.00382-en.

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The unprecedented and tragic terrorist attacks in the United States (US) have sent shock waves through national administrations that have grown accustomed to fighting expenditure wars in the health area and had relegated public health vigilance and emergency preparedness to the back burner. It was obvious from the immediate reaction to the horrors and menaces of the autumn of 2001 that, insofar as health and safety is concerned, governments continued to measure success by the degree of quietness, remoteness and uneventful normality that is achieved by those entrusted with the responsibility to protect health. The paradox of health and safety is that you are winning when you hear nothing: any publicity is bound to be bad publicity.

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Allen, Kelly A., Tracii Ryan, DeLeon L. Gray, Dennis M. McInerney, and Lea Waters. "Social Media Use and Social Connectedness in Adolescents: The Positives and the Potential Pitfalls." Australian Educational and Developmental Psychologist 31, no. 1 (April 23, 2014): 18–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/edp.2014.2.

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As social media use is rising among adolescents, the issue of whether this use leads to positive or negative outcomes warrants greater understanding. This article critically reviews the literature related to this important topic. Specifically, we examine how social media use affects social connectedness in terms of three elements of adolescent development: sense of belonging, psychosocial wellbeing, and identity development and processes. Mixed findings are reported regarding the role that social media plays in fostering social connectedness, which suggests that young people may experience both positive and negative psychological outcomes. As a result, this article argues that online tools create a paradox for social connectedness. On one hand, they elevate the ease in which individuals may form and create online groups and communities, but on the other, they can create a source of alienation and ostracism. This article contributes to ongoing discourse in the area of educational and developmental psychology, and has implications for researchers and practitioners working with adolescents.

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Souleymane, Ganaba, Semdé Kadidia, Kagambèga Wenemi François, and Dao Moussa. "Woody Species Composition, Diversity And Structure of Vegetation of Peri-Urban Park in Leo, Burkina Faso." European Scientific Journal ESJ 17, no. 43 (December 31, 2021): 218–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2021.v17n43p218.

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This work aims to fill a gap in knowledge of the Burkina Faso Southern Sudanese flora and vegetation. The woody vegetation of the forest park of the Scholl Complex in Léo comprises a total of 26 families, 63 genera and 81 species including native and introduced ones. The fallow is the unit that contains all families and genera and 93% of species. The most abundant species of units of the Park are Terminalia avicennioides (Combretaceae), Piliostigma thonningii (Fabaceae-Caesalpinioideae), Daniellia oliveri (Fabaceae-Caesalpinioideae), Vitellaria paradoxa (Sapotaceae), Detarium microcarpum (Fabaceae-Caesalpinioideae), Diospyros mespiliformis (Ebenaceae), Annona senegalensis (Annonaceae) and Pteleopsis suberosa (Combretaceae). The species that regenerate the most and that will ensure the sustainability of the peri-urban forest resources are Gardenia erubescens (Rubiaceae), Piliostigma reticulatum (Fabaceae-Caesalpinioideae), Vitellaria paradoxa, Annona senegalensis, Terminalia avicennioides (Combretaceae), Diospyros mespilifomis and Azadirachta indica (Meliaceae). The most threats on vegetation and flora of the School Complex are fraudulent human exploitation, parasitic pressure and progressive intrusion of Azadirachta indica. Peri-urban park resources conservation measures concern the replanting of vegetation in degraded areas and incentives for wood production for local populations. A management program for threatened or rare species, control of invasive alien plants and domestic animals and the development and improvement of habitat to create a future urban park.

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De Almeida Filho, Naomar. "Social inequality and human development: Intertwined cycles of perversion in education in contemporary Brazil." Encounters in Theory and History of Education 16 (November 23, 2015): 84–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/eoe-ese-rse.v16i0.5970.

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In this paper, a conceptual framework on the sources and origins of inequalities in education is presented, focusing the Brazilian contemporary context as a case-study of a paradox: reduced economic inequality in parallel to increasing inequities in education. To understand this apparent contradiction, first the Brazilian taxation structure is outlined as a intricate, regressive and unfair system organized for collecting economic revenues for funding the State. Secondly, the social and political inequities that affect and thus define the educational structure of Brazil is discussed to reveal the perverse effects that turn education into a major asset for the general reproduction of society. Finally, such paradoxes and contradictions in the field of education are analyzed as strategies for maintenance and reproduction of a social order based on social inequalities and inequities.http://dx.doi.org/10.15572/ENCO2015.06

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Sun, Rui, Jia Rong Chen, Yi Xiang Wang, Ying Rui Zhou, and Ying Yu Luo. "An ERP Experimental Study About the Effect of Authorization Cue Characteristics on the Privacy Behavior of Recommended Users." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 24, no. 4 (July 20, 2020): 509–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2020.p0509.

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At the present time, consumers often disclose their privacy when using online platforms to receive personalized recommendation information and services, but they are also highly concerned whether their privacy is being violated. “Privacy paradox” is becoming a hot topic of research. What are the potential impacts of individual cognitive differences and situational cues on privacy decision-making? How to balance the internal causes of the “privacy paradox” so that consumers are more willing to accept personalized recommendation services based on users’ privacy data? Can the transparency of privacy rights ease user conflict perceptions and promote disclosure intentions? These questions are inconclusive. Therefore, the purpose of this our research was to explore consumer privacy paradoxical behaviors from a novel perspective of the characteristics of authorization cues, and to clarify the internal relationship between individual cognitive processing and privacy authorization cues. This study suggests that the big data platform, when collecting or using user information, should try to reduce the behaviors that induce users’ resistance. It also provides a reference for how to better achieve benign interaction in personalized recommendation between Internet companies and users. The event-related potential technique is adopted to explore the matching relationship between individual cognitive processing and privacy authorization cues and to analyze the internal neural mechanism of the personalized recommendation user in the authorization decision. The experiment simulated the privacy authorization situation, and adopted a 2 × 2 × 2 hybrid experimental design: authority sensitivity (high/low) * authorization transparency (with/without permission) * cognitive style (field dependent/field independent). The experimental results show that: (1) Authorization transparency, authority sensitivity and their interactions will affect the user’s privacy authorization behaviors, and the interaction of the two cues has a greater impact on the behavior than the role of a single cue; (2) The cognitive style will affect the individual’s attention resource allocation in the authorization scenario, which, limited by cognitive resources, will result in selective attention to contextual cues: Compared with the field-independent group with self-characterization as a reference, the field-dependent group induced a greater P2 amplitude; (3) When the two-cue valences in the authoritative scenario are inconsistent, the amplitude of the N2 component is greater than that when the valences are consistent, and the amplitude of the N2 induced by the field-dependent group is more affected by the scenario cue valence; (4) Regardless of whether it is a field-dependent group or a field-independent group, there is no salient difference in the amplitude of LPP components induced in each scenario. According to the results of this study, even if privacy authorization involves high risks, individuals tend to selectively seek supportive cues or avoid obtaining information that is inconsistent with their cognition. This research reveals the differences of neural mechanisms in users’ actual decision-making, provides the possibility for further exploration of the black box behind users’ attitudes and behaviors, and opens up new ideas for the study of the “privacy paradox.”

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Dienlin, Tobias, and Sabine Trepte. "Is the privacy paradox a relic of the past? An in-depth analysis of privacy attitudes and privacy behaviors." European Journal of Social Psychology 45, no. 3 (July 31, 2014): 285–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.2049.

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Thiam, Massamba, Madior Diouf, Ousmane Ndiaye, Cheikh Oumar Samb, and Saliou Ndiaye. "Caractérisation des parcs de Karité (Vitellaria paradoxa Gaertn) des terroirs de Kénioto et Samécouta (Kédougou, Sénégal)." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 18, no. 21 (June 30, 2022): 270. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2022.v18n21p270.

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Cette présente étude a été réalisée dans la zone de Kédougou, plus précisément dans les terroirs de Kénioto et Samécouta. Les parcs agroforestiers sont essentiellement constitués d’arbres à Vitellaria paradoxa Gaertn qui assurent des fonctions écologiques et socio-économiques. Cependant, sous les pressions démographiques et climatiques, ces parcs se dégradent. Ainsi, l’objectif de l’étude est de caractériser la végétation ligneuse de ces parcs agroforestiers. Pour ce faire, un inventaire florististique et des analyses physico-chimiques de sols ont été réalisés. Des observations et des enquêtes sur les pratiques culturales, l'alternance champ-jachère, les modes de gestion des arbres de karités... ont complété ces investigations. Les résultats révèlent la présence de 33 espèces ligneuses réparties en 13 familles. Le karité occupe une densité de 28,4 ind./ha dans les champs cultivées et 29 ind./ha dans les jachères. Les parcs à karités cultivés sont marqués par la prédominance des sujets à gros diamètres dont la majorité est concentrée dans la classe de hauteur de 6 à 18 m. Les jachères constituent l’entité dont le peuplement ligneux est le plus évolué avec des valeurs d‘indice de Shannon (2,54) et d‘équitabilité plus élevées que dans les champs cultivés. Les paramètres étudiés montrent une nette différence entre les entités Champs et Jachères avec une richesse spécifique (23 espèces) et un recouvrement (23,13%) plus élevés en dans les parcs cultivés. Si la jachère enrichit le sol en azote, les parcs cultivés sont plus riches en phosphore. Les initiatives participatives de régénération assistée permettraient une gestion durable de ces parcs et une meilleure conservation de l’espèce V. paradoxa Gaertn. This present study was carried out in the Kedougou area, more precisely in the terroirs of Kenioto and Samecouta. Agroforestry parks are essentially made up of trees with Vitellaria paradoxa Gaertn that provide ecological and socio-economic functions. However, under demographic and climatic pressures, these parks are deteriorating. Thus, the objective of the study is to characterize the woody vegetation of these agroforestry parks. To do this, a florististic inventory and physico-chemical analyses of soils were carried out. Observations and surveys on cultivation practices, field-fallow alternation, shea tree management methods... have completed these investigations. The results reveal the presence of 33 woody species divided into 13 families. Shea occupies a density of 28.4 ind./ha in cultivated fields and 29 ind./ha in fallow land. Cultivated shea tree parks are marked by the predominance of large diameter subjects, the majority of which are concentrated in the height class of 6 to 18 m. Fallow land is the entity with the most evolved woody stand with higher Shannon index values (2.54) and equitability values than in cultivated fields. The parameters studied show a clear difference between the Fields and Fallow entities with a specific richness (23 species) and a higher recovery (23.13%) in cultivated parks. If fallow land enriches the soil with nitrogen, cultivated parks are richer in phosphorus. Participatory assisted regeneration initiatives would allow sustainable management of these parks and better conservation of the species V. paradoxa Gaertn.

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Savoureux, Anne-Sophie. "Engagement stylistique et poétique du dégagement : le paradoxe littéraire des romans de Tom Robbins." Etudes de stylistique anglaise, no. 9 (March 1, 2015): 101–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/esa.823.

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Ban, Yi, Wenjuan Dong, Yue Zou, Sharrell B. Lee, Jianting Sheng, Yuliang Cao, Stephen T. C. Wong, and Dingcheng Gao. "Abstract 963: Targeting epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity via ribosome biogenesis inhibition reduces chemoresistant metastasis of breast cancer." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (June 15, 2022): 963. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-963.

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Abstract Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays an important role in metastasis and chemoresistance. However, targeting EMT has been challenging due to the complex and redundant EMT signaling pathways. Moreover, EMT inhibition would unequivocally promote its reversed process, mesenchymal to epithelial transition (MET), which also favors malignancy progression. To solve this EMT targeting paradox, we proposed to target the ability of tumor cells to oscillate between epithelial and mesenchymal states, the epithelial to mesenchymal plasticity (EMP), which encompasses both EMT and MET. Using a SnailCre-ERT2 mediated EMT lineage-tracing model, we confirmed the involvement of EMP in chemoresistant metastasis of breast cancer. Single-cell transcriptome analyses of tumor cells in the transitioning phases of EMT or MET consistently revealed that ribosome biogenesis (RiBi) was specifically elevated regardless of their destined phenotypical fates. Further analyses delineated that the upregulation of RiBi and the subsequent nascent protein synthesis via the intensified ERK and mTOR signalings were vital for cancer cells to transit between epithelial and mesenchymal states. Importantly, inhibiting the excessive RiBi by either genetic or pharmacological means impaired EMP, as both EMT and MET processes were impeded, leading to significantly reduced metastatic outgrowth of chemoresistant tumor cells. Our studies revealed that elevated RiBi is required for tumor cells to “Ping Pong” between epithelial and mesenchymal states. Targeting the EMP via RiBi inhibition provides a feasible strategy to improve therapies for advanced breast cancers. Citation Format: Yi Ban, Wenjuan Dong, Yue Zou, Sharrell B. Lee, Jianting Sheng, Yuliang Cao, Stephen T.C. Wong, Dingcheng Gao. Targeting epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity via ribosome biogenesis inhibition reduces chemoresistant metastasis of breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 963.

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Luis, Alejandro Hernández, Ana Veloz Avendaño, and Tania Zabala Peñafiel. "Romper El Silencio: Aproximaciones A La Problemática De La Violencia Intrafamiliar En El Ecuador." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 13, no. 5 (February 28, 2017): 368. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2017.v13n5p368.

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This paper aims to make a multidisciplinary approach of domestic violence, considering social, cultural, political and socioeconomic factors that encourage and increase the risk of a woman to suffer any kind of violence. Also, from a theoretical approach, there is a relationship of structural gender inequality as a cause of coercitive control to the woman and how cultural patterns play different roles between men and women, which underlie a deep inequality rarely visible, analyzed and discussed in the legal instruments and even the terminology used to refed to this problema. All this suggests the paradox of the “duality of structure”. In that sense, the case of study is the Ecuadorian, existing legislation and the corresponding evolution in this matter is reviewed, to asssess if it serves to the key factors that are studied in this work and harm the integrity of women in all possible areas. Finally, because of the limited statistical information for case analysis, some preliminary conclusions are made.

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Rappleye, Jeremy. "Re-Contextualizing Foreign Influence in Japan’s Educational History: the (re)reception of John Dewey." Encounters in Theory and History of Education 10 (October 27, 2009): 103–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/eoe-ese-rse.v10i0.1951.

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This work explores John Dewey's reception and re-reception in the Japanese context. Although Dewey's two month visit to Japan in the spring of 1919 coincided with the hopeful Taishō democracy movement, his ideas appear to have made little impact in a political, intellectual, and educational landscape dominated a complex interplay of traditional neo-Confucian, nativist, and German ideas. Yet the story does not end there: following World War II, there was a remarkable Dewey 'boom' across Japan lasting more than a decade that far surpassed Dewey's original reception in 1919. Here we find Dewey central to revamped reform debates and a focal point for the reinterpretation of Japan's prewar educational history. Given this curious resurgence-cum-paradox of increasing interest in Dewey, few national contexts would seem to hold more evidence than Japan in support of the idea that political and ideological shifts qualify definitions of what counts as educational 'knowledge'.

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Abrams, Dominic, and Nicholas Emler. "Self-denial as a paradox of political and regional social identity: Findings from a study of 16– and 18–year-olds." European Journal of Social Psychology 22, no. 3 (May 1992): 279–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.2420220306.

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Oliveira, João, and Stewart Clegg. "Paradoxical puzzles of control and circuits of power." Qualitative Research in Accounting & Management 12, no. 4 (October 12, 2015): 425–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qram-02-2015-0023.

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Purpose – This paper aims to clarify a paradox in an organisation: in the past, formally powerful “central” actors confronted important limitations in their relations with formally less powerful actors. However, three innovations – the financial accounting module of an enterprise resource planning (ERP) system, a corporate centre (CC) and a shared services centre (SSC) – substantially changed and re-centred network power relations. The authors adopt a critical discourse to explain this paradox, contributing to the emerging literature on SSCs and bridging the management control and power literatures. Design/methodology/approach – An in-depth, processual, actor-network theory-inspired three-year case study of a large Portuguese manufacturer. Findings – As the intertwined accounting-related innovations were (re)mobilised by actors, dynamically adjusting to unfolding repercussions, control and power effects emerged, enabling enhanced organisational steering. Research limitations/implications – Based on a single case, this paper highlights effects of managerial technologies, in particular ERPs and SSCs, on control and power relations, and refines Clegg’s model for future research. Practical implications – The transactional, low value-added activities typically performed by SSCs should not lead to underestimating their potentially profound organisational consequences. However, the surrounding socio-technical network is decisive for the emerging, inter-related repercussions. Originality/value – This paper explains the relative capacity of actors to influence the practices and configuration of the organisational network structurally, fixing power relations within the socio-technical network through innovations in the accounting area, in particular ERPs and SSCs. By revising Clegg’s circuits of power framework, this paper contributes to understanding possibilities and limits of accounting techniques in management control procedures.

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Belane, Vinkler, Beatrix Lenkovics, and Csilla Kalmar-Rimoczi. "A Literature Review On The Development Phases Of Hungarian Pig Industry (1990-2003) Part II." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 23 (August 29, 2016): 412. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n23p412.

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In the course of our socio-economic development regional issues get disparate emphasis in differing time cross-sectional views. There are periods when they are discarded from the centre of attention, while other times come to the forefront and Hungary devote special attention to the changes in regional differentiation, the inequalities in development levels, and the formation of structural diversity. This fluctuation of interest is connected to the constant changes in global, regional and local trends, the internal and external factors and processes as well as their outcomes based on their subtle interdependence. While in our world of globalisation markets are global, company strategies are global, innovations also spread globally, lasting competitive advantages remain local. This paradox of global versus local also underlines the importance of regional analyses (Abonyi & Vinkler, 2012). Part II follows the period before Hungary’s accession to the European Union, highlighting all the events and changes that resulted in the profound transition of the country’s economy impacting also our foreign markets. This period stretches from 1990 to 2003.

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C.E., Odu, Ogbonna C.I.C., Bukbuk D., Chukwu O.O.C., Yerima I., and Mustapha D. "The Abilities of Four Species of Nigerian Aquatic Phycomycetes to Utilize Petroleum and Petroleum Products as Sole Carbon Sources." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 14, no. 3 (January 31, 2018): 240. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2018.v14n3p240.

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Studies were carried out on the abilities of four aquatic phycomycetes species isolated from crude oil polluted marine , brackish and fresh water environments in Nigeria to utilize refined Petroleum and Petroleum products as sole sources of carbon. The said species of fungi included Brevilegnia indica, Protoachyla paradoxa, Saprolegnia bhargavi and Thraustotheca clavata. They were grown on fungal culture media which contained mineral salts solution, refined petroleum, kerosene and diesel as sole sources of carbon and agar as a solidifying agent. Two concentrations of each of the resulting oil agar media were used vis 1% and 2%. The resultant medium was then used to culture each of the test fungi in triplicates. The resultant culture plates were then incubated at 25 OC and left for daily observation. The test fungi that grew on each medium were observed for their abilities to emulsify the refined petroleum or its products (diesel and kerosene). Control experiments were also set up using Malt Extract Agar medium. Brevilegnia indica grew on 1% petroleum and diesel growth media but did not grow on kerosene medium. Protoachyla paradoxa grew minimally on diesel medium at 1% and 2% compositions. Saprolegnia bhargavi did not grow on the petroleum agar medium or petroleum products media. Thraustotheca clavata grew minimally on the kerosene medium at both 1% and 2% compositions. The four test fungi emulsified the diesel agar medium at both 1% and 2% compositions. Brevilegnia indica emulsified only petrol at 1% while Non of the isolates emulsified the kerosene medium at both 1% and 2% compositions. Oil globules were also observed in the vegetative hyphae of the test fungi which grew on the experimental culture media. This means that such fungi either degraded or accumulated the petrol or petroleum products in their systems.

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Waters, Lea, and Helen Stokes. "Positive Education for School Leaders: Exploring the Effects of Emotion-Gratitude and Action-Gratitude." Educational and Developmental Psychologist 32, no. 1 (March 19, 2015): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/edp.2015.1.

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This qualitative study describes the effect of two gratitude interventions designed to trigger emotion-gratitude (gratitude diary) and action-gratitude (gratitude letter) in school leaders. Case study methodology was applied to analyse reflective journals of 27 school leaders. The gratitude diary served to foster a more balanced view of the positive and negative events that occur at school, to engage in more appreciative problem solving (with respect to their role as mediators), to see the value in relationships, and to experience positive emotions such as hope, happiness and optimism. However, the gratitude diary also triggered a frustration in school leaders who were dealing with the paradox of having to look for things to feel grateful for at school when their role required an emphasis on fixing problems. The gratitude letter prompted emotional catharsis, a desire to invest in professional relationships, greater use of gratitude in leadership roles, and sparked reciprocated gratitude from staff and students (as reported by the school leaders). On the downside, the gratitude letter created feelings of vulnerability and concern for the potential ill-ease that the letter might cause for the recipient. Gratitude was not only used during the ‘good times’ of leadership but was also drawn upon to deal effectively with the difficult aspects, such as conflict. The results suggest that both types of gratitude interventions have value for school leaders and that leaders need to mutually attend to the emotional element of gratitude and the action element of gratitude.

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Rao, Mohan P., and Purnendu Mandal. "Linking the Impact of IT Investments to Productivity and Profitability." International Journal of Enterprise Information Systems 7, no. 2 (April 2011): 34–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jeis.2011040103.

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Implementing IT (information technology) systems such as ERP (enterprise resource planning) requires huge investments. Measuring the impact of these investments on productivity and profitability is extremely important for business managers. Many studies have failed to show the direct relationship between IT investments, organizational productivity and profitability, a phenomenon known as productivity paradox. The failure might relate to problems with the measurement techniques. This paper describes a measurement model, known as the PPP model (“Profitability = Productivity + Price Recovery”), that can fill the gap and show a link between IT investments, productivity, and profitability. The spreadsheet-based implementation of the PPP model, using multi-period data, generates performance trend charts of productivity, price recovery, and profitability. These performance charts provide a multi-period perspective to managers in identifying and understanding the impact of IT investments. This model is useful to managers considering heavy investments in IT as well as for managers interested in assessing their organizational performance and taking corrective actions in a timely manner.

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Van Hecke, Steven. "Het Europa van de opportunities : Analyse van de overlevingsstrategie van de christen-democraten in de Europese Unie." Res Publica 45, no. 4 (December 31, 2003): 651–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/rp.v45i4.18478.

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While Christian Democratic parties in several Western European countries are often said to be in crisis, the European People's Party holds the largest parliamentary group in the European Parliament since 1999. This paradox relies on the specificity of the different 'national' electoral logics on the one hand and the realisation of a long-term 'European' majority strategy on the other hand. The alliance with Conservatives and Conservative parties has to overcome an absolute electoral decline in 'old' EU countries and a relative decline through the accession of 'new' member states without Christian Democratic parties. The EPP majority strategy is realised through various ways : the key position of the transnational party and party group, the role of political leadership, the way of decision making, the co-operation with side-organisations, the problem-solving of ideological conflicts, etc. Our analysis proves how the majority strategy of the European Christian Democrats realises its ultimate 'survival strategy' despite (or thanks to) several nationalparty crises.

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Gorun, Hadrian, and Lucretia-Ileana Branescu. "The Paradox of Nicolae Ceausescu’s Foreign Policy and Several Reasons for the Deterioration of the International Image of His Regime." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 14, no. 29 (October 31, 2018): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2018.v14n29p75.

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This short article attempts to find and highlight the most important reasons that determined the deterioration of the international imagine of the communist regime from Nicolae Ceausescu’s Romania. Although after 1968, - the year when the Romanian leader publicly condemned Czechoslovakia’s invasion by the Red Army- Romania’s image in the Western countries was very good, during the 80s the whole capital of sympathy completely disappeared. Nicolae Ceausescu’s anti-Soviet foreign policy made him a socalled “spoiled child” of the West. In 1989, the Romanian dictator remained the only Stalinist leader from European countries, paradoxically an anti-Soviet Stalinist leader. In our opinion there were three very important events that determined the irreversible degradation of the regime’s image abroad: Helsinki Final Act in 1975; General Ion Mihai Pacepa’s (vice-leader of Foreign Information Department of Romanian Intelligence) run to the USA and last but not the least, Mikhail Gorbachev’s election as general secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. (CPSU) We started from the hypothesis that these three moments were somehow decisive for Ceausescu’s decline in the eyes of his own people and mainly in international relations. From methodological point of view we tried to explain briefly how and in what measure the three mentioned events and their consequences changed maybe irreversibly the image of Romanian dictator mainly abroad. We tried also to make a short comparison between Ceausescu’s situation in 1968 and his position in the 1980’s. We could conclude that evolution of the events confirmed that one of the most important blows for Romanian dictator was Gorbachev’s election. However we do not need to overrate this aspect. The international and regional context at the end of 1980’s was decisive. The end of the Cold War and refolutions from Central and Eastern Europe made impossible the survival of the last Stalinist regime.

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Abouzaid, Abderrahim, Mohamed Taoufik, Ahmed Moufti, and Abdelhak Lamsalmi. "Intégration des TICE dans l’enseignement des Sciences de l’Ingénieur dans la filière Sciences Technologies Mécaniques aux lycées du Maroc : Réalité et Obstacles." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 13, no. 13 (May 31, 2017): 476. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2017.v13n13p476.

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Information and communication technology (ICT) in education has currently become an unavoidable pedagogical tool in any educational system of high standards. Its integration signifies a change in the learning processes and knowledge transmission and acquisition. In this article, we present the results of an exploratory research that we led with engineering science teachers of the Mechanical Science and Technology stream in high schools belonging to two regional Moroccan academies (Grand Casablanca, Settat and the Oriental). Our study focuses on the identification of the unknown current state of affairs and related to the integration of ICT in this subject of secondary education of the Mechanical Science and Technology stream in Moroccan high schools. The results have shown that 95% of the interrogated teachers displayed a big interest towards the usage of ICT in their teaching practices whilst only 22.5% of them already integrate it regularly in the classroom. This paradox is chiefly due to a shortage of equipment within the institution, the lack of software and applications suitable for E.S as well as teachers’ qualification and training. We also estimate that this research’s results could prove useful to other streams while the integration of ICT in the training of future teachers and in the practices of the classroom still remains problematic.

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Teixeira, Selena Mesquita de Oliveira, Fernanda Xavier Santiago Marinho, Andressa Maria Correia Vasconcelos, and José Clerton de Oliveira Martins. "Da velhice estigmatizada à dignidade na existência madura: novas perspectivas do envelhecer na contemporaneidade." Estudos e Pesquisas em Psicologia 16, no. 2 (June 30, 2016): 469–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.12957/epp.2016.29179.

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Este artigo objetiva refletir acerca dos processos de envelhecimento e as diversas perspectivas contemporâneas que os perpassam, abordando o paradoxo que transita entre uma perspectiva mais positiva e outra com viés estigmatizador do envelhecer no contexto de nossa contemporaneidade. Empregou-se o método dialético mediante um levantamento bibliográfico das produções, em língua portuguesa, acerca do envelhecimento em uma perspectiva contemporânea nas bases de dados EBSCO e Scielo entre os anos 2004 e 2014, a partir dos descritores contemporaneidade, idoso e estigma social. Dentre os principais achados do estudo, observou-se que o estigma de "ser velho" sustenta-se na ideia de que o envelhecer, em sua essência, produz sofrimentos de diversas ordens, perda da autonomia, fragilidades, debilidades físicas, isolamento, constituindo o fim das possibilidades de se manter uma vida digna. Em contrapartida, considera-se a possibilidade de envelhecer com qualidade, preservando a dignidade de viver uma velhice repleta de experiências prazerosas, com significados profundos propiciados pelo conhecimento e apropriação de si. A velhice, como um segmento da vida com suas particularidades e características inerentes, necessariamente não deve significar um tempo de sofrimentos, fragilidades e declínios, podendo também ser vivida com qualidade, sendo o idoso o protagonista da própria vida.

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Bressler, Smadar, Giora Shaviv, and Nir J. Shaviv. "THE SENSITIVITY OF THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT TO CHANGES IN THE CONCENTRATION OF GASES IN PLANETARY ATMOSPHERES." Acta Polytechnica 53, A (December 18, 2013): 832–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/ap.2013.53.0832.

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We present a radiative transfer model for Earth-Like-Planets (ELP). The model allows the assessment of the effect of a change in the concentration of an atmospheric component, especially a greenhouse gas (GHG), on the surface temperature of a planet. The model is based on the separation between the contribution of the short wavelength molecular absorption and the long wavelength one. A unique feature of the model is the condition of energy conservation at every point in the atmosphere. The radiative transfer equation is solved in the two stream approximation without assuming the existence of an LTE in any wavelength range. The model allows us to solve the Simpson paradox, whereby the greenhouse effect (GHE) has no temperature limit. On the contrary, we show that the temperature saturates, and its value depends primarily on the distance of the planet from the central star. We also show how the relative humidity affects the surface temperature of a planet and explain why the effect is smaller than the one derived when the above assumptions are neglected.

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Payne, Phillip G. "Scott Sumner. The Midas Paradox: Financial Markets, Government Policy Shocks, and the Great Depression. Oakland, CA: Independent Institute, 2015. xv + 507 pp. ISBN 9-781598-131505, $37.95 (cloth)." Enterprise & Society 18, no. 4 (September 12, 2017): 977–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/eso.2017.27.

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Marginean, Alexandra Roxana. "Corporal and Discourse Fuzzy Boundaries. The Partaking of Experience in Simone de Beauvoir’s Monologue." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 14, no. 20 (July 31, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2018.v14n20p1.

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The paper sets out to analyze the multiple mirroring taking place between various aspects of the narrative reality in Simone de Beauvoir’s Monologue and suggested in terms of broken imagery. We seek to prove the unity and harmony existing in this disheveled text, which one may find difficult to make sense of upon a first reading. The aim is to reveal the way in which, in fact, the smallest details symphonically converge towards the main idea(s), in a finely-tuned and thought-over masterwork that the short story at hand obscures itself from being upon a superficial glance. Starting from corporal references, which abound in the text, we analyze the way in which these intertwine with and reflect the main themes – femininity and feminism, aggression and trauma, sexuality, motherhood, the obsession of contrasts, material and metaphorical obstructions and flows, patriarchy and truthfulness – and are reunited towards a bitter (and, as the protagonist claims, a more honest) interpretation of reality. The approach also proposes the acceptance of paradox, present in the notion of unity in difference, of fuzzy concepts, pointing to deconstructive construction and to the creation of broken identity. The demonstration ultimately resorts, for explanatory reasons, to the image of the partaking, as a metaphor for the process of using bits and pieces to the purpose of attaining communion, pieces which both aren’t and at the same time are the Whole.

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De Cesaris, Alessandro. "Limit and Creation. Towards an Ethic of Self-Limitation in the Digital Era." ETHICS IN PROGRESS 8, no. 1 (May 1, 2017): 89–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/eip.2017.1.6.

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Aim of this article is to analyse the relationship between creativity, freedom and future in contemporary society. The main focus is on the notion of creativity in our digital era. Common sense understands creativity as a concept implying something new, something original that did not exist before. And yet in our society the constant overflow of news, products and contents doesn’t surprise anymore, is no longer connected to a truly creative act. The complete lack of limits seems to be our society’s own limit, since newness is not experienced anymore as something really new. The solution to this situation is a new ethic of self-limitation that reshapes our idea of creativity and bases it on different criteria. The first part of the article is an analysis of hypermodern society. Hypermodernity is defined through three features: quantity as a qualitative element, override of distance, sublation of perspective. Unlike postmodern society, hypermodernity defines itself positively on the basis of some technological and social results that are experienced as improvements. In the second part of the article the paradox of hypermodern society is discussed: despite its obsession for newness, despite the huge spread of creative jobs and the passion for future, newness seems to be something given an usual, being creative means conforming to given standards, and future is almost completely implemented into present. In the last part of the article I argue that a solution to this situation is an ethic of selflimitation, in which a rediscovery of limit leads to a new concept of creativity no longer based on quantitative increment, but rather on the ideas of qualitative selection, objective distance, personal perspective. According to this view, being creative is no longer a matter of content, but rather of form. I will also argue that the aesthetics of Oulipo, a French literary movement of the Sixties, already expressed this stance in a very similar situation.

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Bouko, Boni Sounon, Paulin Jésutin Dossou, Boureima Amadou, and Brice Sinsin. "Exploitation Des Ressources Biologiques Et Dynamique De La Foret Classee De La Mekrou Au Benin." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 36 (December 31, 2016): 228. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n36p228.

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The dynamics study of the preserved forest of Mekrou was discussed. The methodology used includes documentary research, Phytosociological surveys, diachronic analysis of satellite imagery, socio-economic surveys of different social and professional groups and the analysis and interpretation of data. It is obvious that in the area of the study, agriculture, animal husbandry, forestry and the use of medicinal plants are the main forms of natural resources exploitation. This operation, with population growth leads to a regressive evolution of plants and natural landscapes in favor of agricultural fields and fallow. The area of natural vegetation increased from 70, 53% in 1992 to 39,33% in 2012 in favor fields and fallow land increased from 17, 88% to 48, 77% in 2012. The numerical classification based on the presence-absence of vegetation species allowed us to individualize 6 vegetal communities. The Anogeissus leiocarpus, Khaya senegalensis and gallery forests group is the most diversified and most concentrated while Parkia biglobosa, Vitellaria paradoxa Field group is less diversified and less dense. The impact of soil occupation dynamics has resulted in the fragmentation of natural formations and reducing species diversity and density of ligneous.

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Ahamidé, Innocent D. Y., Monique G. Tossou, Hounnankpon Yédomonhan, Aristide C. Adomou, Janvier Houénon, and Akpovi Akoègninou. "Diversité Des Loranthaceae Et Leur Impact Sur Vitellaria Paradoxa C.F.Gaertn.: Un Fruitier À Grande Valeur Socio-Économique Au Nord-Bénin." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 13, no. 24 (August 31, 2017): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2017.v13n24p217.

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Shea butter: Vitellaria paradoxa C. F. Gaertn (Sapotaceae) is a fruit tree in the Sudano-Sahelian region where it is a major economic source. Unfortunately, in Benin, the species has been revealed in recent decades, the target of parasitic vascular plants of Loranthaceae family that threaten its conservation. The present study, carried out in northern Benin, evaluated the impact of these parasitic plants on the shea of two phytogeographical zones. The botanical inventory identified three species of Loranthaceae in fields and protected areas. The rate of infestation and parasite density were assessed and their variation on shea was assessed. The results show that shea is parasitized by three species of Loranthaceae in varying proportions: Agelanthus dodoneifolius (DC.) Polh. and Wiens (191.75 tufts / ha), Tapinanthus globiferus (A. Rich.) Van Tieghem (70.57 tufts / ha) and T. Ophiodes (Sprague) (2 tufts / ha). The impact of Loranthaceae on shea productivity varies significantly between fields and protected areas with infestation rates of 87% versus 42% and average densities per shea foot of 14.76 tufts versus 3.62 tufts. These results are data to be taken into account in the control programs against Loranthaceae which parasitize shea.

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Nicolas, Brou Ahossi. "Éducation Relative À L’environnement En Milieu Scolaire Ivoirien : Réflexion Pour Un Regard Critique." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 2 (January 29, 2016): 389. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n2p389.

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Environmental education uses some means and methods in order to create an environmental consciousness to the population. However, one seems to ignore the different hindrances engendered by the lack of appropriate teaching materials. The weight and influence of society and culture are perceived as potential obstacles. Our work aims at drawing people’s attention on what can be regarded as essential in education in connection with the environment of Côte d’Ivoire such as school environment. In our work, we will focus on the content and the methods of the teachings of this specific domain. In so doing, we will have a glance on primary school boys and their teachers’ behaviors and attitudes. This will help us to see the relationship they establish between “Health and Environment”. The methodology will revolve around the analysis of the content of the teachings and on a qualitative and quantitative study. Primary school boys and their teachers is target population of the survey. At the end of our analysis, it appears that the content of teachings linked to environment is not so explicit. The teaching method is suffering from a lack of explicit didactic and pedagogic materials. From the viewpoint of learns and teachers, we note a paradox between their words and deeds concerning environment. Finally, the link the learners and their teachers establish between Health and Environment let us see some problems of health. We wonder if people are aware of the threats and the social representations of environment in school zone for a sustainable development of our society. This is what can be a logic outcome of work.

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Journal articles on the topic 'ESP paradox'

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