Academic literature on the topic 'ESP-NOW'
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Journal articles on the topic "ESP-NOW"
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Tendolkar, Preeti M., Arto S. Baghdayan, Michael S. Gilmore, and Nathan Shankar. "Enterococcal Surface Protein, Esp, Enhances Biofilm Formation by Enterococcus faecalis." Infection and Immunity 72, no. 10 (October 2004): 6032–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.72.10.6032-6039.2004.
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ABSTRACT Enterococci play a dual role in human ecology. They serve as commensal organisms of the gastrointestinal tract and are also leading causes of multiple antibiotic-resistant hospital-acquired infection. Many nosocomial infections result from the ability of microorganisms to form biofilms. The molecular mechanisms involved in enterococcal biofilm formation are only now beginning to be understood. Enterococcal surface protein, Esp, has been reported to contribute to biofilm formation by Enterococcus faecalis. Recent studies have shown that enterococci form biofilms independently of Esp expression. To precisely determine what role Esp plays in E. faecalis biofilm formation, Esp was expressed on the cell surface of genetically well-defined, natively Esp-deficient strains, and isogenic Esp-positive and Esp-deficient strains were compared for their biofilm-forming ability. The results show that Esp expression leads to a significant increase in biofilm formation, irrespective of the strain tested. The contribution of Esp to biofilm formation was found to be most pronounced in the presence of 0.5% (wt/vol) or greater glucose. These results unambiguously define Esp as a key contributor to the ability of E. faecalis to form biofilms.
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Linzer, Bernd, and Andreas Jungbauer. "Arvedi ESP for High-Quality Hot-Strip Production at Rizhao Steel." Materials Science Forum 854 (May 2016): 207–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.854.207.
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With five Arvedi ESP lines, Rizhao Steel in China is now focusing on the highly attractive local and export markets for high-quality, thin-gauge strip products. The first lines began operations in 2015.High-strength but lightweight car bodies, ultra-thin structures paired with the highest tensile strength – and all at the lowest production costs. Innovative processes are required in order to fulfil the demands of the car and metals industries. With precise thermo-mechanical rolling and rigorous temperature guidance in the narrowest possible operations windows Arvedi ESP opens the door to producing demanding steel grades in the shortest implementation times and at reduced alloying costs. Low operation costs are also provided by efficient induction heating and the resulting energy savings.This paper presents the ESP plant setup of Rizhao Steel as well as the training and support program. Additionally the potentials of AHSS production with ESP will be described by referencing the results of the first ESP plant in operation since 2009 at Arvedi Steel, Italy, and the ESP plants of Rizhao steel.
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Birch, James. "Collecting and processing samples in remote and dangerous places: the Environmental Sample Processor as a case study." Pure and Applied Chemistry 90, no. 10 (October 25, 2018): 1625–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pac-2018-0201.
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AbstractCollecting water samples in remote or dangerous places can help identify chemical spills, discover clandestine weapons production, or determine if there has been natural or human-caused biological contamination of waterways. These collections can be expensive or put humans at risk due to the nature of the locale or the detection target. Such sample collection challenges are similar to those faced in oceanography, where accessibility and the physical realities of remoteness, corrosiveness, and pressure, place severe requirements on instrumentation, especially for unattended operations over long periods of time. The Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI) has been at the forefront of developments that push forward sample collection and processing capabilities in the ocean. Specifically, the development of the environmental sample processor (ESP), a microbiology laboratory-in-a-can, has allowed extended presence with high frequency sampling. When deployed, the ESP filters water to collect particles, then either preserves those particles, or creates a homogenate for molecular analysis. Originally designed for detecting harmful algae blooms and the toxins they produce, the ESP now has expanded analytical capabilities. A newer version of the ESP is now being tested on an autonomous underwater vehicle, providing never-before-seen mobility and unprecedented access to the top 300 m of the ocean.
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Shridhar, Sridevi, and Biranthabail Dhanashree. "Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern and Biofilm Formation in Clinical Isolates of Enterococcus spp." Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases 2019 (March 3, 2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/7854968.
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Enterococcus is a commensal in the intestine and is now emerging as a drug-resistant pathogen. It produces different virulence factors. Enterococcus surface protein (esp) is a virulence factor that helps in the adhesion, but its role in biofilm formation is still contradictory. Moreover, in many bacterial species, strong biofilm producer exhibits multidrug resistance. Hence, this study is done to know the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Enterococcus spp. and to correlate the drug resistance with biofilm production and esp gene. Enterococcal isolates were collected from various clinical specimens. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done by disc diffusion, and biofilm production was performed by microtiter plate method. PCR was performed for detection of esp gene. Two E. faecium strains resistant to vancomycin and high-level aminoglycoside (HLAR) were non-biofilm-producers and did not harbor esp gene. However, other biofilm-producing E. faecium harbored esp gene, and this association was found to be statistically significant (p=0.024). It was observed that there was no significant association between biofilm formation and presence of esp gene in E. faecalis. Moreover, a significant correlation was not found between drug resistance and biofilm production in both Enterococcus species. Thus, biofilm formation is not always associated with the presence or absence of esp gene and or drug resistance in Enterococcus spp.
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De Cassai, Alessandro, Claudio Bonanno, Roberto Padrini, Federico Geraldini, Annalisa Boscolo, Paolo Navalesi, and Marina Munari. "Pharmacokinetics of lidocaine after bilateral ESP block." Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine 46, no. 1 (August 31, 2020): 86–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/rapm-2020-101718.
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IntroductionErector spinae plane (ESP) block is an emerging interfascial block with a wide range of indications for perioperative analgesia and chronic pain treatment. Recent studies have focused their attention on mechanisms of action of ESP block. However, the pharmacokinetics of drugs injected in ESP is, as of now, uninvestigated. The aim of this brief report is to investigate the pharmacokinetics of lidocaine in a series of 10 patients.MethodsWe are reporting a case series of 10 patients undergoing bilateral ESP block for multilevel lumbar spine surgery.ESP was performed with 3.5 mg/kg of lidocaine based on ideal body weight. Lidocaine concentration was dosed at 5, 15, 30 min and at 1, 2 and 3 hours.ResultsTmax was 5 min for all the patients. Cmax ranged from 1.2 to 3.8 mg/L (mean: 2.59 mg/L). AUC0-3 was high (76%, on average) suggesting an almost complete bioavailability. Age had a negative correlation with T½ of lidocaine.ConclusionsLidocaine pharmacokinetic after ESP block is well-described by a two-compartment model with a rapid and extensive rate of absorption. Nevertheless, its peak concentrations never exceeded the accepted toxicity limit. Elimination half-life was slightly prolonged, probably due to the advanced age of some patients.
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Lukyanov, Alexander, Danila Donskoy, Miroslav Vernezi, and Dmitry Karev. "Estimation of the carbon footprint of IoT devices based on ESP8266 microcontrollers." E3S Web of Conferences 279 (2021): 01002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127901002.
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The development of the Internet of Things contributes to improving network protocols and increasing the requirements for energy efficiency of devices. In the field of the Internet of Things and automation systems, one of the most popular microcontrollers is the ESP8266. This article discusses the leading Internet of Things connection protocols based on ESP8266, such as ESP-NOW, HTTP, and ESP-MESH. The study of the power consumption of this microcontroller in various situations and describes the optimal applications of IoT based on ESP8266. The correct choice of communication means of the ESP8266 microcontroller allows you to reduce its power consumption by more than 10% relative to energyintensive communication algorithms. Compared to the power-intensive MESH network, the reduction in power consumption when using the HTTP protocol is 3.34%, and the percentage of energy-consuming events drops by 50.85%. When using ESP-NOW, energy efficiency increases by 5.35%, and the number of energy-consuming events decreases by 83.05%. The value of the carbon footprint generated by the device during the year was, for the three communication technologies used, 2 kg 500 g, 2 kg 320 g, and 2 kg 290 g of CO2, respectively.
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WILLIAMS, CHRISTOPHER. "Survival strategies for teachers and researchers of ESP in economically challenging times." International Journal of Language, Translation and Intercultural Communication 4, no. 1 (June 24, 2016): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/ijltic.10351.
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<p class="Abstract">I outline some of the challenges for teachers and researchers of ESP in this period of prolonged economic crisis from the perspective of someone who has taught English for law students and political science students for many years, is editor of the journal ESP Across Cultures, and is Head of the Language Centre of Foggia University. I focus on three issues: 1) teaching LSP at university level in a context of contradictory pressures coming from ministerial insistence on internationalization of Italian universities in an increasingly globalized world while drastically reducing funding at all levels; 2) research in ESP, where I outline the vibrancy of ESP studies despite the economic hardships, but I surmise that this is partly the result of a shift towards providing practical language skills for future professionals in line with the marketization of tertiary education; 3) the emerging role of CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning), where in Italy it is now law to provide part of secondary school tuition of a non-language subject in a foreign language: I outline the ways in which ESP and CLIL can mutually complement each other. I conclude by arguing that the future looks bright for ESP studies despite the economic crisis.</p><p class="Abstract"> </p>
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PIROGOVA, MARINA A. "ESP COURSE DESIGN: EOP TOUR GUIDE." Theoretical and Applied Linguistics, no. 1 (2017): 106–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.22250/2410-7190_2017_3_1_106_114.
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This paper examines the English language needs in an ESP course at Amur State University, Russia. The course designed was based on a Target Situation Analysis (TSA), Present Situation Analysis (PSA) and Context Analysis taking into accounts some basic concepts forwarded by Kay Westerfield and Jennifer Rice through online teacher training course with University of Oregon, Linguistics Department, American English Institute (UO AEI) «English for Specific purposes, Best Practices». The author of the article completed the course administered by the United States Department of State, Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs. Final project «ESP Course Design: EOP Tour Guide» now is a part of the curriculum of the target professional group of students. Feedback from the ESP group (EOP: Tour Guide) indicated that the course content was tailored to suit their professional needs and wants and contributed to a positive EL experience for these learners who are adult students from a non-native English speaking background.
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Van, Vu Thi Hong. "An investigation into English language use in the Vietnamese hospitality industry: The language of money exchange." SOCIAL SCIENCES 8, no. 2 (June 2, 2020): 14–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.46223/hcmcoujs.soci.en.8.2.279.2018.
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Within the tourism and hospitality industry in Vietnam, English is now a dominant means of communication between staff and guests who come from different countries. The ability to communicate effectively in English is therefore an important attribute for those employed within the industry. Courses in English for Specific Purposes (ESP), such as English for Tourism and Hotel (English for Tourism Management/English for Hotel Management), are now part of English language programmes in Vietnamese educational institutions. These courses emphasise the importance of developing high-level English language communication skills for students. However, the teaching of these courses has mainly been conducted in the classroom environment, using textbooks which are written and published outside Vietnam. Given that recent research has focused on the need to teach language as it is used in authentic contexts, it is important for the teaching of ESP to understand how English is used in a real-life setting in the Vietnamese tourism and hospitality sector.
This paper reports on the findings from a study which obtained and analysed hundreds of examples of authentic English language used by guests and staff in four different hotels in Vietnam. For illustrative purposes, the paper focuses on the language of interactions related to currency exchange, and examines the implications of the study findings for the teaching of ESP in Vietnam.
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Febrijanto, Yoyok, and Sandy Kurniajati. "DEVELOPING ESP NURSING BASED ON COMMUNICATIVE LANGUAGE TEACHING." ENGLISH EDUCATION: JOURNAL OF ENGLISH TEACHING AND RESEARCH 2, no. 2 (October 28, 2017): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.29407/jetar.v2i2.885.
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ESP nursing materials is an important component in the success of educational programs, especially in the field of nursing. The development of English learning is now more emphasis on the authenticity of the material that is contextual activities or work involved, one of which is in nursing profession. Communicative language teaching (CLT) sets principles about the teaching of communicative competence not confined to verbal communication but also includes written communication, consists of four skills especially on ESP nursing based on nursing care (assessment, nursing diagnosis, planning(intervention & implementation, and evaluation) as the main source of objective achievement in teaching learning process. The development method used is adapted from Borg and Gall's model involved 24 students, 1 expert in English education, 2 experts in nursing education, and 1 practitioner of hospital. Researchers developed materials (4 chapters) based needs analysis (students’ need and reviewing existing syllabus) with four language skills. Result of expert validation (materials evaluation based on contents, exercises, communication, and general elements) was very good (average score 3.5) and result of students’ try out to give the decision of the product quality, the average score was 3.2, it meant the materials was acceptable and eligible to be used by the nursing students as autonomous learning. In conclusion, the final product can be used as a model of instructional materials to teach English nursing as ESP materials.
Keywords: ESP Nursing, CLT, Material Development
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "ESP-NOW"
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Grzybowská, Martina. "Human Mo-cap System Based on Inertial Measurement Units." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-445474.
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Cieľom tejto práce je navrhnúť, zhotoviť a implementovať vlastný systém pre zachytávanie pohybu založený na inerciálnych meracích jednotkách. V rámci budovania teoretického základu bolo preskúmaných viacero metód, avšak primárne bola pozornosť venovaná samotnému inerciálnemu snímanu - jeho kladom a nedostatkom, kľúčovým vlastnostiam a jednotlivým komponentom potrebným pre zostrojenie systému na jeho báze. Tento úvodný zber informácií je nasledovaný fázami návrhu, zhotovenia a zhodnotenia, ktoré sa zaoberajú procesom vývoja a testovania daného riešenia. Hlavným prínosom realizácie systému je zostrojenie zariadení pre snímanie pohybu - jedná sa o malé, ľahké, batériovo napájané zariadenia, ktoré sú kompletne bezdrôtové, či už z hľadiska komunikácie s okolitým svetom, alebo vďaka napájaniu kompatibilnému so štandardom Qi.
Book chapters on the topic "ESP-NOW"
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Cameron, Neil. "ESP-NOW and LoRa communication." In Electronics Projects with the ESP8266 and ESP32, 365–97. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-6336-5_14.
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Korai, Maria, and Salomi Papadima-Sophocleous. "The potential of the CEFR for languages descriptors for mediation in an ESP CALL-based context." In Tertiary education language learning: a collection of research, 7–28. Research-publishing.net, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.14705/rpnet.2021.51.1252.
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The present case study investigated the potential of the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) for languages: learning, teaching, assessment can-do descriptors for mediation in an English for Specific Purposes (ESP) Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL)-based context. Fabricating descriptors for mediation was cardinal for the Council of Europe’s (2018) endeavour in updating the CEFR Companion. Despite surfacing just as a language skill in the 2001 CEFR Companion, mediation is now viewed as a central mode of communication in the New CEFR Companion, both in the receptive and productive modes. As they were just introduced in 2018, the CEFR mediation descriptor scales have not yet been sufficiently explored. The main goal of the present research was to fill some of this gap in the literature by investigating the potential of the CEFR for languages descriptors for mediation in an ESP CALL-based CEFR B2 tertiary level context (a 13 week ESP course specifically designed to meet the needs of university Rehabilitation Sciences students.) Data collection tools included students’ self-assessment against can-do descriptors for mediation, observation, student reflections, and focus group interviews. The findings suggest that the implementation of the existing course activities had the potential to promote mediation processes. The significant role of mediation in carrying out the course activities in addition to the CALL component of the ESP course activities highlighted the potential of CALL technologies to trigger, support, and promote mediation processes; this finding stressed the underlying role of the nature and the structure of the ESP course’s CALL-Based activities in supporting mediation processes.
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Tietz, Christiane. "“Not a Stone Left Standing”." In Karl Barth, 121–52. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198852469.003.0007.
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In 1920, it became clear to Barth that in his Epistle to the Romans he had taken for granted that he knew something of God, and he concluded that he needed to rewrite the entire work. He now stressed even more that there is no passage from human beings to God. Even when God is revealed, God does not enter this world. God is known in Jesus Christ as the unknown God. Human faith is the impossible possibility. This new version drew widespread attention, both critical and supportive, in the theological world. The 1923 controversy between Barth and Harnack was representative of the critical reactions. Barth began to clarify his Dialectical Theology in several lectures. For a few years, Barth worked with several other theologians, esp. Brunner, Bultmann, Gogarten, Thurneysen. This work gave Dialectical Theology new prominence and impact.
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Cornish, Philip. "The Tissue Plane." In Topics in Regional Anesthesia [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99533.
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In recent times, terms such as ‘interfascial plane block’ and ‘fascial plane block’ have become common in describing regional anaesthesia blocks such as transversus abdominis plane (TAP), serratus anterior plane (SAP) and erector spinae plane (ESP). In fact, none of these names accurately describes the applied anatomy involved in each named technique, as the acronym is only one part of the anatomic jigsaw puzzle. The correct term is ‘tissue plane block’, which derives from surgical terminology. The tissue plane is not new to regional anaesthesia, as it has been the endpoint of ‘loss of resistance’ and ‘pop’ techniques for many decades. However, the game-changer is that now we can see the tissue plane courtesy of ultrasound. The purpose of this chapter is to review the history of the tissue plane in relation to its use in regional anaesthesia, and to see how ultrasound has further advanced the regional anaesthesiologist’s options in this regard. The chapter will also review how an understanding of tissue dynamics can further enhance our clinical results by manipulating the characteristics of the tissue plane.
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Sklair, Leslie. "Iconic Architecture and Capitalist Globalization." In The Icon Project. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190464189.003.0006.
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In previous publications I have set out a theoretical framework to guide substantive research on this qualitatively new phase of capitalism in global perspective (Sklair 2001, 2002). This framework identifies the basic unit of analysis as transnational practices, practices that cross existing state borders and whose agents and institutions include combinations of non- state and state actors (sometimes overlapping categories), at the local, urban, national, international, transnational, and global levels. The key players in the economic sphere are the major transnational corporations; the political sphere is dominated by the transnational capitalist class (TCC); and in the culture-ideology sphere consumerism dominates. The general problem with capitalism, intensified in the era of capitalist globalization, is that it cannot resolve two crises inherent in capitalism as a mode of production and social organization, namely, class polarization and ecological unsustainability. Class polarization is the consequence of the growing numbers of the very rich, the persistence of very large numbers of very poor people, increasing economic insecurity of those in between and widening gaps between the very rich and the rest. The ecological crisis is the consequence of the culture-ideology of consumerism, characterized by an obsession with unlimited growth serviced by a destructive fossil- fuel energy system, defined as an addiction to more and more possessions and to constantly novel experiences (Sklair 2002: esp. 48–53, 2009a; D’Alisa et al. 2014). These are the conditions under which almost everyone in the world today must live. Architecture has not been exempt from the general pressures exerted by the rise of capitalist globalization. The Icon Project in architecture and urban design driven by the TCC is one important weapon in the struggle to create and solidify capitalist hegemony in the global era. To document and explain how this process works in the field of architecture and urban design is the object of the book. In the pre-global era, the centuries before the start of the electronic revolution in the 1960s, what we now term iconic architecture tended to be the preserve of religious or political elites (Kostof 2000).
Conference papers on the topic "ESP-NOW"
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Hoang, Tu Ngoc, Su-Tran Van, and B. D. Nguyen. "ESP-NOW Based Decentralized Low Cost Voice Communication Systems For Buildings." In 2019 International Symposium on Electrical and Electronics Engineering (ISEE). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isee2.2019.8921062.
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Rizal Isnanto, R., Yudi Eko Windarto, Jonathan Imago Dei Gloriawan, and Faiz Noerdiyan Cesara. "Design of a Robot to Control Agricultural Soil Conditions using ESP-NOW Protocol." In 2020 Fifth International Conference on Informatics and Computing (ICIC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icic50835.2020.9288575.
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S, Koushik M., Srinivasan M, Lavanya R, Alfred S, and Sreenivasa Setty. "Design and Development of Wireless Sensor Network based data logger with ESP-NOW protocol." In 2021 6th International Conference for Convergence in Technology (I2CT). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/i2ct51068.2021.9417914.
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Shang, Baobing, Junfei Li, Tao Fang, Fahao Yu, and Xiaodong Han. "Successful Application of Rigless Fully Retrievable ESP System in Bohai Offshore Oilfield, China." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-21388-ms.
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Abstract In bohai offshore oilfield, about 98% oil wells produce with electric submersible pump (ESP). For the common ESP system, workover is needed to replace the failed pump about every 4 years, resulting in significant operation cost and production lost. To solve this problem, a new type of rigless fully retrievable electric submersible pump (RFR-ESP) is developed and applied in bohai oilfield. This paper mainly introduces the technical details of the used RFR-ESP system, and the real application effects in typical wells. This new system consists of downhole permanent part and retrievable part, with the power cable clamed externally along with the tubing. The core of the system is a specially designed wet connector system. Through this connector, any ESP manufacture's equipment can be used. For this technology, the retrieval of ESP can be finished by standard oilfield wireline operation, and no rig workover is required any more. Till now, two different systems suitable for 7″ tubing and 5-1/2″ tubing have been developed in order to meet the yield of different wells. Bohai oilfield installed the first RFR-ESP in 2013. Up to now, 6 wells have applied this technology, including one water source well and five oil wells. The longest running time of the ESP is about 2000 days, and it is still in service now. The maximum liquid production is about 2800m3/d. For this new system, the workover time of ESP replacement reduces from 10 days to about 2 days comparing to the traditional rig workover process, and the number of the workover operators reduces from 30 to about 10. All of these are helpful to reduce the workover cost and the production lost. Besides, several problems encountered in the wells, such as power cable failure provides valuable field experience for the promoted application in bohai offshore oilfield. The successful application of this technology indicates that it has the potential to lower ESP operating costs, and even improve the artificial lift status of offshore oilfield. What's more, this new system is expected to be used in unmanned platform, thus no workover boat is needed any more, which will drastically cut down the development cost.
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Yukhimets, Dmitry, Alexander Sych, and Andrey Sakhnenko. "Designing a Method for Constructing Distributed Open ACS Based on the ESP-NOW Wireless Protocol." In 2020 International Russian Automation Conference (RusAutoCon). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rusautocon49822.2020.9208135.
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Jungbauer, Andreas, Bernd Linzer, and Andreas Viehböck. "FIVE ARVEDI ESP LINES AT RIZHAO STEEL FOR HIGHQUALITY HOT-STRIP PRODUCTION – FIRST LINE IS NOW IN OPERATION." In 52º Seminário de Laminação. São Paulo: Editora Blucher, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/1983-4764-26283.
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Roy, Chandan, Anupam Sanyal, and Sanjay Pande. "ESP Performance Improvement: Flue Gas Conditioning Finally Arrives in India." In ASME 2004 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2004-52162.
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Electro Static Precipitator’s in India — that dedust about 65000 MWe capacity — have come a long way from their Western Pedigree. The imported designs mutated, prompted by the Indian coal/ash, which characterize uniquely- essentially high ash content of atypical composition and very high resistivity. Insufficient initial recognition of this aspect, incremental environmental consciousness and progressively deteriorating coal quality led to a convoluted and not so satisfactory ESP performance scenario in the country. Recognizing the need for organic interventions, NTPC undertook multiple studies and tests-backed up by a strong knowledge network- on almost all ESP performance enhancement options. While certain options are under extended observation, Flue Gas Conditioning (FGC) — based on encouraging test results and worldwide presence — is being inducted in some NTPC stations. Triggered by this broad-based program, FGC has started appearing front stage in India. This study visits aspects that make FGC attractive for Indian ESPs. Looking beyond the present, an attempt has been made to examine the potential of ESP-FGC combination as a dependable alternative for the long term. “Technology maturity”, “flexibility in space requirements” and the “blanket performance control” that FGC offers are the critical success factors. Implementation economics though unclear now, is complimented by the relatively low locked capital component, which FGC offers. It emerges that a sound theoretical base for the conditioning agent choice and its action on ash/ESP performance is missing and needs to be developed for a systematic development and spread. Technology initiatives are invited for this task. The paper, oriented as a comprehensive narration to act as a precursor to such developmental work, therefore picks up from ESP advent in India enumerating the key reasons for the pessimistic performance response through the key FGC application determinants.
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Martocchia, F., S. Baretti, L. Farina, G. Rizza, F. Okassa, A. D. Dirya, and T. G. Haaland. "Efficient Proppant Flowback Prevention Strategy Allows Production of a Multi Fractured Offshore Horizontal Well Equipped with ESP and Screenless Completion." In SPE Energy Resources Conference. SPE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/spe-169959-ms.
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Abstract When production facilities are not equipped with a solid control device, proppant flowback becomes an issue throughout the entire productive life of a screenless multi fractured well. The challenge of minimizing proppant flowback is even more critical when dealing with offshore horizontal wells with ESP systems installed. A wide selection of proppant flowback prevention additives is now available in the industry: most of them work either chemically or mechanically. At low formation temperature (150 F), the effectiveness of some additives such as resin coated proppant or fiber can be limited due to the temperature activation. This paper will describe a successful strategy of proppant flowback control which was implemented in a multi stage fracturing treatment on a horizontal well in M- field, offshore Congo. It is the combination of resin coated proppant, enhanced by a chemical activator and inert fibers that provides double mechanism to eliminate proppant flowback issues during well production and sustaining life of ESP. Success in this multi stage fracturing treatment has resulted in oil production from a pay zone that has never been produced due to poor petrophysical characteristics. This document will describe: proppant flowback control additives selection process, placement strategy, hydraulic fracturing design and well execution considerations for multi stage fracturing treatments.
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Tsui, Tien-I., and Nathan B. Rich. "Air Pollution Control System Retrofit Experience at Wasatch Energy Systems." In 10th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec10-1005.
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Wasatch Energy Systems owns and operates two (2) mass burn incinerators each rated at 210 tons/day in Layton, Utah. Each incinerator was equipped with a three field Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP) to control the particulate emissions. Dry sorbent (trona) was injected just upstream of the economizer to control acid gas emissions. The performance of the dry sorbent injection system was marginal. In anticipation of the upcoming EPA emission guidelines, 40 CFR Part 60, Subpart BBBB, Emission Guidelines for existing small municipal waste combustion units, Wasatch Energy Systems decided to update the existing APC systems several years ahead of the schedule. A request for proposal was released in October 1999 and eight proposals were received by the facility. AirPol Inc. of Parsippany, NJ was awarded a turnkey contract in June 2000 to add a dedicated Gas Suspension Absorber (FLS miljo Inc GSA) upstream of each existing ESP. A common lime slurry storage and preparation system, carbon storage and delivery system, ash conveying system, MCC, and control system were also provided under the contract. The new APC system was commissioned and put into service in September, 2001. Initial stack testing was conducted in October 2001 to evaluate system performance. Compliance stack testing was conducted for the Utah Division of Air Quality in November 2001. Results of testing demonstrate that particulate, metals, acid gas and dioxin/furan emissions from the retrofit facility are substantially lower than required under, now final, 40 CFR Part 60, Subpart BBBB – Class 1 Emission Limits for Existing Small Municipal Waste Combustion Units. This paper discusses the retrofit system design and performance.
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Wilson, Willard. "Integrated Solid Waste Management in Northwest Minnesota." In 14th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec14-3181.
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In the early 1980’s Polk County and four other partner counties in rural Northwest Minnesota made the decision to incorporate a waste to energy (WTE) plant into their solid waste management program. This decision was made to comply with the Minnesota hierarchy for solid waste management, to extend the life of the Polk County landfill, and to recover valuable energy from the waste. The plant was constructed in 1987 and began burning MSW in 1988. The processing technology consisted of two starved air mass burn municipal solid waste combustors each with a combustion capacity of 40 tons of MSW per day, and produced energy in the form of saturated steam for customers in the adjacent industrial park. Initially each train utilized a two field electrostatic precipitator (ESP) as the air pollution control (APC) device. In 1996, a materials recovery system (MRF) was constructed in front of the waste combustors to remove problem/objectionable items most of which are recyclable. This facility has been a tremendous success providing many benefits including reduced stack emissions, lower O & M costs for the WTE units, and revenues from the sales of extracted recyclables. In 1998 Polk began injecting powdered activated carbon (PAC) into the flue gas of each unit upstream of the ESP to attain compliance with new State limits for dioxin/furans and mercury. Then in 2000 Polk County proceeded with an APC retrofit project designed to meet revised EPA emission guidelines which set more stringent limits for pollutants currently regulated and added limits for several other pollutants previously unregulated. In 2001 and 2004 Polk County performed research demonstration projects substituting screened WTE combined ash for a portion of natural aggregate in two asphalt road construction projects. Both projects passed stringent environmental testing and demonstrated superior strength and flexibility performance compared to conventional asphalt. Polk County is now proceeding with the installation of a turbine/generator to produce renewable electricity with excess steam. The electricity produced will be used to reduce the demand for incoming power from the local utility. Initially this may be only a twenty-five percent reduction but has the potential to be more in the event one or more of the steam customers reduces their dependence on steam from the WTE plant. All of these projects received funding assistance from the State of Minnesota in the form of Capital Assistance Grants. In 2003 the WTE plant and MRF became debt free and Polk County lowered the tip fee resulting in a disposal rate that is fairly competitive with that of most out of state landfills. This paper will discuss the development, success, and benefits of this completely integrated solid waste management system for these five counties located in Northwest Minnesota.