Journal articles: 'Error response'

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Papila, Melih, and Raphael T. Haftka. "Response approximations - Noise, error repair, modeling errors." AIAA Journal 38 (January 2000): 2336–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/3.14685.

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Rabbitt, Patrick. "Consciousness is slower than you think." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A 55, no. 4 (October 2002): 1081–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02724980244000080.

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In easy serial choice reaction time tasks (CRT tasks) young adults can very rapidly “correct” nearly all their errors by making the responses that they should have made (error-correcting responses). They are much less accurate at signalling their errors by making the same, deliberate, response to each (error-signalling responses), and they poorly remember errors that they have not signalled or corrected. When instructed to ignore errors they nevertheless involuntarily register them because the response immediately following them (responses following unacknowledged errors) are unusually slow, and they sometimes make involuntary error correction responses. Errors that are neither signalled nor remembered are registered at some level because responses following unacknowledged errors are slowed. Old age does not impair the accuracy of error correction or reduce the proportion of errors that are acknowledged because they are followed by unusually slow responses, but it does reduce the accuracy of error signalling and of recall of errors. Groups of 40 young adults (mean age 20.1 years, SD 1.1) and 40 older adults (mean 71.2 years, SD 5.1) signalled and recalled their errors increasingly accurately as intervals between each response and the next signal were increased from 150 ms to 1000 ms. Error signalling and recall improved as response-signal interval (RSI) durations increased, reaching asymptote at RSIs of 800 ms for the young and 1000 ms for the older adults. Thus processes necessary for conscious and deliberate choice or error-signalling responses and for subsequent recall of errors require more than 150 ms to complete, are slowed by old age, and may be interrupted by onset of new signals occurring earlier than 800 to 1000 ms after completion of an incorrect response.

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Ratcliff, Roger, and Jeffrey N. Rouder. "Modeling Response Times for Two-Choice Decisions." Psychological Science 9, no. 5 (September 1998): 347–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9280.00067.

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The diffusion model for two-choice real-time decisions is applied to four psychophysical tasks. The model reveals how stimulus information guides decisions and shows how the information is processed through time to yield sometimes correct and sometimes incorrect decisions. Rapid two-choice decisions yield multiple empirical measures: response times for correct and error responses, the probabilities of correct and error responses, and a variety of interactions between accuracy and response time that depend on instructions and task difficulty. The diffusion model can explain all these aspects of the data for the four experiments we present. The model correctly accounts for error response times, something previous models have failed to do. Variability within the decision process explains how errors are made, and variability across trials correctly predicts when errors are faster than correct responses and when they are slower.

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Papila, Melih, and Raphael T. Haftka. "Response Surface Approximations: Noise, Error Repair, and Modeling Errors." AIAA Journal 38, no. 12 (December 2000): 2336–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/2.903.

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Crump, Kenny S. "The Effect of Random Error in Exposure Measurement upon the Shape of the Exposure Response." Dose-Response 3, no. 4 (October 1, 2005): dose—response.0. http://dx.doi.org/10.2203/dose-response.003.04.002.

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Although statistical analyses of epidemiological data usually treat the exposure variable as being known without error, estimated exposures in epidemiological studies often involve considerable uncertainty. This paper investigates the theoretical effect of random errors in exposure measurement upon the observed shape of the exposure response. The model utilized assumes that true exposures are log-normally distributed, and multiplicative measurement errors are also log-normally distributed and independent of the true exposures. Under these conditions it is shown that whenever the true exposure response is proportional to exposure to a power r, the observed exposure response is proportional to exposure to a power K, where K < r. This implies that the observed exposure response exaggerates risk, and by arbitrarily large amounts, at sufficiently small exposures. It also follows that a truly linear exposure response will appear to be supra-linear—i.e., a linear function of exposure raised to the K-th power, where K is less than 1.0. These conclusions hold generally under the stated log-normal assumptions whenever there is any amount of measurement error, including, in particular, when the measurement error is unbiased either in the natural or log scales. Equations are provided that express the observed exposure response in terms of the parameters of the underlying log-normal distribution. A limited investigation suggests that these conclusions do not depend upon the log-normal assumptions, but hold more widely. Because of this problem, in addition to other problems in exposure measurement, shapes of exposure responses derived empirically from epidemiological data should be treated very cautiously. In particular, one should be cautious in concluding that the true exposure response is supra-linear on the basis of an observed supra-linear form.

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Kim, ChangHwan, and Christopher R. Tamborini. "Response Error in Earnings." Sociological Methods & Research 43, no. 1 (November 5, 2012): 39–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0049124112460371.

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Chesher, Andrew, Montezuma Dumangane, and Richard J. Smith. "Duration response measurement error." Journal of Econometrics 111, no. 2 (December 2002): 169–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-4076(02)00103-3.

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Ehlis, Ann-Christine, Martin J. Herrmann, Achim Bernhard, and Andreas J. Fallgatter. "Monitoring of Internal and External Error Signals." Journal of Psychophysiology 19, no. 4 (January 2005): 263–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0269-8803.19.4.263.

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Abstract: In the present study, a modified version of the Eriksen Flanker Task has been used to study event-related potentials (ERPs) elicited by correct responses, response errors, and invalid negative response feedback following correct button presses (“PC-error trials”). Conventional error potentials (error related negativity [ERN/Ne]; error-positivity [Pe]) were observed after incorrect button presses but not following negative response feedback in PC-error trials. Furthermore, a late positive deflection occurred specifically after PC-errors (Late positivity [PL]), which might reflect a conscious processing of these unexpected events. The results imply some restrictions for the notion that the ERN/Ne reflects the activity of a general and “generic” neural error-detection system in the human brain. Furthermore, the existence of an “event-detection system” is indicated, which might be involved in the processing of events that violate learned expectations.

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Kolev, V., C. Beste, M. Falkenstein, and J. Yordanova. "Error-Related Oscillations." Journal of Psychophysiology 23, no. 4 (January 2009): 216–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0269-8803.23.4.216.

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The present study assesses the origins of reduction of error negativity (Ne) with advancing age in humans. Response-related potentials were recorded from young (mean age 22.5 years, n = 10) and older (mean age 58.3 years, n = 11) adults while they performed a four-choice reaction task (4CRT) in two modalities, auditory and visual. Trials from correct and error responses were analyzed separately for each modality. To achieve a reference-free evaluation, the current source density (CSD) of the signals was computed. RRPs were analyzed in the time-frequency (TF) domain by means of wavelet decomposition. Two TF components of RRPs from the delta (1.5–3.5 Hz) and theta (3.5–7 Hz) frequency ranges were assessed. The measured parameters were total power reflecting both the phase-locked and non-phase-locked activity, and phase-locking factor (PLF) reflecting the strength of phase-synchronization with stimulus, independent of magnitude. It was found that the total power of both the delta and theta TF components increased after errors in the two age groups, although this increase was more pronounced in young than older adults. Response-locked synchronization of delta responses also increased after errors, with this synchronizing ability being preserved in older subjects. What differentiated the error processing in the two age groups was the synchronization of theta oscillations with error responses, with this parameter being substantially reduced in older subjects. The results demonstrate that Ne reduction with aging is the result of an overall decrease in the power of delta and theta components, primarily of a decrease in the response-locked synchronization of theta oscillations after errors.

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Voormann, Anne, Annelie Rothe-Wulf, Jeffrey J. Starns, and Karl Christoph Klauer. "Does speed of recognition predict two-alternative forced-choice performance? Replicating and extending Starns, Dubé, and Frelinger (2018)." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 74, no. 1 (October 21, 2020): 122–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747021820963033.

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Does the speed of single-item recognition errors predict performance in subsequent two-alternative forced-choice (2AFC) trials that include an item with a previous error response? Starns, Dubé, and Frelinger found effects of this kind in two experiments and accounted for them in terms of continuous memory-strength signal guiding recognition decisions. However, the effects of error speed might just as well only reflect an artefact due to an error-correction strategy that uses response latency as a heuristic cue to guide 2AFC responses, elicited through confounding factors in their experimental design such as error-correction instructions and feedback. Using two conditions, a replication condition, replicating the procedure from Starns et al., and an extension condition (each n = 130), controlling for the named shortcomings, we replicated the error speed effect. In both conditions, speed of errors in a single-item recognition task was predictive of subsequent 2AFC performance, including the respective error item. To be more precise, fast errors were associated with decreased 2AFC performance. As there was no interaction with the factor condition, the results support the idea that speed of single-item recognition responses reflects the amount of memory information underlying the respective response rather than being used for a simple error-correction strategy to improve 2AFC performance.

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Streumer, Bart. "Response to Jackson, Stratton-Lake, and Schroeder." International Journal for the Study of Skepticism 8, no. 4 (December 11, 2018): 322–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22105700-20181352.

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I argue that Jackson, Stratton-Lake, and Schroeder’s objections to my arguments for the error theory in Unbelievable Errors fail. I also argue that our inability to believe the error theory should affect our assessments of these arguments.

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Albrecht, Björn, Hartmut Heinrich, Daniel Brandeis, Henrik Uebel, Juliana Yordanova, Vasi Kolev, Aribert Rothenberger, and Tobias Banaschewski. "Flanker-Task in Children." Journal of Psychophysiology 23, no. 4 (January 2009): 183–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0269-8803.23.4.183.

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Response processing may comprise multiple systems working in parallel at different functional levels of performance monitoring. In time-frequency decompositions of response-locked event-related potentials from adults, a subprocess operating in the delta frequency band was interpreted as an index of cognitive error monitoring, distinguishable from a process with theta frequency probably related to motor control. However, it remains unclear whether such subprocesses can also be distinguished in children. In the current study, error processing was assessed in 22 normal boys aged 8 to 15 years using an Erikson Flanker task. Performance data revealed the expected indices of conflicting task demands, such as increased reaction times and error rates. A clear error-negativity was found in the response-locked event-related potentials after incompatible stimuli, and correct responses show a slow negative deflection immediately preceding the button-press, which is absent in errors. Time-frequency decompositions disclosed that a subprocess in the lower delta band preceding correct responses may reflect a more general action monitoring process sensitive to conflicting task demands that, moreover, may prevent one from making an error if it is active early enough. Processes in the delta and theta bands are modulated specifically by errors and may index motor-related monitoring in children. Moreover, these processes occurred considerably earlier for correct responses compared to errors, suggesting that their timing reflects some performance capacity. These considerations may help to clarify response processing in tasks with conflicting demands.

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Allen, Brian, Edward Florez, Reza Sirous, Seth T. Lirette, Michael Griswold, Erick M. Remer, Zhen J. Wang, et al. "Comparative effectiveness of tumor response assessment methods: Standard-of-care versus computer-assisted response evaluation." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 6_suppl (February 20, 2017): 432. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.6_suppl.432.

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432 Background: In clinical trials and clinical practice, tumor response assessment with computed tomography (CT) defines critical end points in patients with metastatic disease treated with systemic agents. Methods to reduce errors and improve efficiency in tumor response assessment could improve patient care. Methods: Eleven readers from 10 different institutions independently categorized tumor response according to three different therapeutic response criteria using paired baseline and initial post-therapy CT studies from 20 randomly selected patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with sunitinib as part of a completed phase III multi-institutional study. Images were evaluated with a manual tumor response evaluation method (standard-of-care) and with computer-assisted response evaluation (CARE) that included stepwise guidance, interactive error-identification and correction methods, automated tumor metric extraction, calculations, response categorization, and data/image archival. A cross-over design, patient randomization, and two-week washout period were used to reduce recall bias. Comparative effectiveness metrics included error rate and mean patient evaluation time. Results: The standard-of-care method was on average associated with one or more errors in 30.5% (6.1/20) of patients while CARE had a 0.0% (0.0/20) error rate (p<0.001). The most common errors were related to data transfer and arithmetic calculation. In patients with errors, the median number of error types was 1 (range 1-3). Mean patient evaluation time with CARE was twice as fast as the standard-of-care method (6.4 vs. 13.1 minutes, p<0.001). Conclusions: Computer-assisted tumor response evaluation reduced errors and time of evaluation, indicating better overall effectiveness than manual tumor response evaluation methods that are the current standard-of-care.

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14

Vaughan, Adam. "UK response was 'serious' error." New Scientist 251, no. 3356 (October 2021): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(21)01815-7.

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15

Pailing, Patricia E., Sidney J. Segalowitz, Jane Dywan, and Patricia L. Davies. "Error negativity and response control." Psychophysiology 39, no. 2 (March 2002): 198–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1469-8986.3920198.

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16

Smith, Douglas C. "Error Detection: a Gestalt Response." Bulletin of the Association for Business Communication 52, no. 4 (December 1989): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/108056998905200411.

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17

Nishiya, T., and H. Yamakawa. "PERD: partial error response detection." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 31, no. 6 (1995): 3042–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/20.490263.

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18

Goldsmith, Ronald E. "Personality and Uninformed Response Error." Journal of Social Psychology 126, no. 1 (February 1986): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00224545.1986.9713567.

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19

Allen, Brian C., Edward Florez, Reza Sirous, Seth T. Lirette, Michael Griswold, Erick M. Remer, Zhen J. Wang, et al. "Comparative Effectiveness of Tumor Response Assessment Methods: Standard of Care Versus Computer-Assisted Response Evaluation." JCO Clinical Cancer Informatics, no. 1 (November 2017): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/cci.17.00026.

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Purpose To compare the effectiveness of metastatic tumor response evaluation with computed tomography using computer-assisted versus manual methods. Materials and Methods In this institutional review board–approved, Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act–compliant retrospective study, 11 readers from 10 different institutions independently categorized tumor response according to three different therapeutic response criteria by using paired baseline and initial post-therapy computed tomography studies from 20 randomly selected patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma who were treated with sunitinib as part of a completed phase III multi-institutional study. Images were evaluated with a manual tumor response evaluation method (standard of care) and with computer-assisted response evaluation (CARE) that included stepwise guidance, interactive error identification and correction methods, automated tumor metric extraction, calculations, response categorization, and data and image archiving. A crossover design, patient randomization, and 2-week washout period were used to reduce recall bias. Comparative effectiveness metrics included error rate and mean patient evaluation time. Results The standard-of-care method, on average, was associated with one or more errors in 30.5% (6.1 of 20) of patients, whereas CARE had a 0.0% (0.0 of 20) error rate ( P < .001). The most common errors were related to data transfer and arithmetic calculation. In patients with errors, the median number of error types was 1 (range, 1 to 3). Mean patient evaluation time with CARE was twice as fast as the standard-of-care method (6.4 minutes v 13.1 minutes; P < .001). Conclusion CARE reduced errors and time of evaluation, which indicated better overall effectiveness than manual tumor response evaluation methods that are the current standard of care.

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Streumer, Bart. "Response to Hattiangadi, Evers, and Tiefensee." Journal of Moral Philosophy 16, no. 6 (December 4, 2019): 743–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17455243-01606002.

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Zhou, Jun Wei, Lin He, and Rong Wu Xu. "Typical Errors Analysis in Frequency Response Function Measurement." Applied Mechanics and Materials 419 (October 2013): 470–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.419.470.

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FRF measurements can suffer from various errors. The effect of deterministic errors become more prominent compared to random errors in FRF measurement. Excitation and sensor misalignment is the most common source of deterministic error, so mathematic model is established and the effect on FRF estimation was analyzed for senor and excitation misalignment situations. Finite element model simulation reveals that misalignment error can have the least effect on the dominant FRFs and a stronger effect on lesser FRFs, beside that it also results in the appearance of false peaks in the measured FRFs.

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Dias, Camila, Diana Costa, Teresa Sousa, João Castelhano, Verónica Figueiredo, Andreia C. Pereira, and Miguel Castelo-Branco. "A neuronal theta band signature of error monitoring during integration of facial expression cues." PeerJ 10 (February 17, 2022): e12627. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.12627.

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Error monitoring is the metacognitive process by which we are able to detect and signal our errors once a response has been made. Monitoring when the outcome of our actions deviates from the intended goal is crucial for behavior, learning, and the development of higher-order social skills. Here, we explored the neuronal substrates of error monitoring during the integration of facial expression cues using electroencephalography (EEG). Our goal was to investigate the signatures of error monitoring before and after a response execution dependent on the integration of facial cues. We followed the hypothesis of midfrontal theta as a robust neuronal marker of error monitoring since it has been consistently described as a mechanism to signal the need for cognitive control. Also, we hypothesized that EEG frequency-domain components might bring advantage to study error monitoring in complex scenarios as it carries information from locked and non-phase-locked signals. A challenging go/no-go saccadic paradigm was applied to elicit errors: integration of facial emotional signals and gaze direction was required to solve it. EEG data were acquired from twenty healthy participants and analyzed at the level of theta band activity during response preparation and execution. Although theta modulation has been consistently demonstrated during error monitoring, it is still unclear how early it starts to occur. We found theta power differences at midfrontal channels between correct and error trials. Theta was higher immediately after erroneous responses. Moreover, before response initiation we observed the opposite: lower theta preceding errors. These results suggest theta band activity not only as an index of error monitoring, which is needed to enhance cognitive control, but also as a requisite for success. This study adds to previous evidence for the role of theta band in error monitoring processes by revealing error-related patterns even before response execution in complex tasks, and using a paradigm requiring the integration of facial expression cues.

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Li, Chiang-shan Ray, Cong Huang, Peisi Yan, Prashni Paliwal, Robert Todd Constable, and Rajita Sinha. "Neural Correlates of Post-error Slowing during a Stop Signal Task: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 20, no. 6 (June 2008): 1021–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2008.20071.

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The ability to detect errors and adjust behavior accordingly is essential for maneuvering in an uncertain environment. Errors are particularly prone to occur when multiple, conflicting responses are registered in a situation that requires flexible behavioral outputs; for instance, when a go signal requires a response and a stop signal requires inhibition of the response during a stop signal task (SST). Previous studies employing the SST have provided ample evidence indicating the importance of the medial cortical brain regions in conflict/error processing. Other studies have also related these regional activations to postconflict/error behavioral adjustment. However, very few studies have directly explored the neural correlates of postconflict/error behavioral adjustment. Here we employed an SST to elicit errors in approximately half of the stop trials despite constant behavioral adjustment of the observers. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we showed that prefrontal loci including the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex are involved in post-error slowing in reaction time. These results delineate the neural circuitry specifically involved in error-associated behavioral modifications.

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Maier, Martin, Marco Steinhauser, and Ronald Hübner. "Is the Error-related Negativity Amplitude Related to Error Detectability? Evidence from Effects of Different Error Types." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 20, no. 12 (December 2008): 2263–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2008.20159.

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The present study tested error detection theories of the error-related negativity (ERN) by investigating the relation between ERN amplitude and error detectability. To this end, ERN amplitudes were compared with a behavioral measure of error detectability across two different error types in a four-choice flanker task. If an erroneous response was associated with the flankers, it was considered a flanker error, otherwise it was considered a nonflanker error. Two experiments revealed that, whereas detectability was better for nonflanker errors than for flanker errors, ERN amplitudes were larger for flanker errors than for nonflanker errors. Moreover, undetected errors led to strongly reduced ERN amplitudes relative to detected errors. These results suggest that, although error detection is necessary for an ERN to occur, the ERN amplitude is not related to error detectability but rather to error significance.

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Dempsey, John V., and Marcy P. Driscoll. "Error and Feedback: Relation between Content Analysis and Confidence of Response." Psychological Reports 78, no. 3_suppl (June 1996): 1079–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1996.78.3c.1079.

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Prior studies using science concepts and rules have indicated that learners spend twice as much time studying feedback after fine discrimination errors as they do after gross errors. Likewise, other researchers have suggested that learners had longer feedback study times after errors for which they had a high confidence that the response was correct. The purpose of the present study was to see if a relationship between discrimination error (based on content analysis) and confidence in response (based on self-report) could be established. Analysis indicated that, as in prior studies, the correlation between fine discrimination error and feedback study time was positive. The correlation between fine discrimination error and confidence in response, however, was negative. Possible explanations for these results are discussed.

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Culliton, Barbara J. "Response : Battle Over Error." Science 242, no. 4876 (October 14, 1988): 167–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.242.4876.167-b.

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Culliton, Barbara J. "Response : Battle Over Error." Science 242, no. 4876 (October 14, 1988): 167–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.242.4876.167.b.

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Troendle, James F., Keshia-Lee Martin, and Vance W. Berger. "Per Family Error Rates: A Response." Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods 14, no. 1 (May 1, 2015): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.22237/jmasm/1430453160.

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Bollinger, Christopher R., and Martin H. David. "Estimation With Response Error and Nonresponse." Journal of Business & Economic Statistics 19, no. 2 (April 2001): 129–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1198/073500101316970368.

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Mitchell, V. ‐W, and C. Critchlow. "Manufacturers′ Redress Actions: Testing Response Error." British Food Journal 95, no. 1 (January 1993): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070709310023459.

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Ramsdale, C. "The accommodative response and refractive error." Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics 5, no. 2 (1985): 236. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0275-5408(85)90104-8.

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Witte, Henk J. L. "Error analysis of thermal response tests." Applied Energy 109 (September 2013): 302–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.11.060.

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Bier, V. M. "Response to ‘aggregation error. So what?’." Reliability Engineering & System Safety 46, no. 3 (January 1994): 289. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0951-8320(94)90124-4.

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O'Connell, Redmond G., Paul M. Dockree, Mark A. Bellgrove, Alessandra Turin, Seamus Ward, John J. Foxe, and Ian H. Robertson. "Two Types of Action Error: Electrophysiological Evidence for Separable Inhibitory and Sustained Attention Neural Mechanisms Producing Error on Go/No-go Tasks." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 21, no. 1 (January 2009): 93–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2009.21008.

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Disentangling the component processes that contribute to human executive control is a key challenge for cognitive neuroscience. Here, we employ event-related potentials to provide electrophysiological evidence that action errors during a go/no-go task can result either from sustained attention failures or from failures of response inhibition, and that these two processes are temporally and physiologically dissociable, although the behavioral error—a nonintended response—is the same. Thirteen right-handed participants performed a version of a go/no-go task in which stimuli were presented in a fixed and predictable order, thus encouraging attentional drift, and a second version in which an identical set of stimuli was presented in a random order, thus placing greater emphasis on response inhibition. Electrocortical markers associated with goal maintenance (late positivity, alpha synchronization) distinguished correct and incorrect performance in the fixed condition, whereas errors in the random condition were linked to a diminished N2–P3 inhibitory complex. In addition, the amplitude of the error-related negativity did not differ between correct and incorrect responses in the fixed condition, consistent with the view that errors in this condition do not arise from a failure to resolve response competition. Our data provide an electrophysiological dissociation of sustained attention and response inhibition.

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Datta, Avijit, Rhodri Cusack, Kari Hawkins, Joost Heutink, Chris Rorden, Ian H. Robertson, and Tom Manly. "The P300 as a Marker of Waning Attention and Error Propensity." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2007 (2007): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2007/93968.

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Action errors can occur when routine responses are triggered inappropriately by familiar cues. Here, EEG was recorded as volunteers performed a “go/no-go” task of long duration that occasionally and unexpectedly required them to withhold a frequent, routine response. EEG components locked to the onset of relevant go trials were sorted according to whether participants erroneously responded to immediatelysubsequentno-go trials or correctly withheld their responses. Errors were associated with a significant relative reduction in the amplitude of the preceding P300, that is, a judgement could be made bout whether a response-inhibition error was likely before it had actually occurred. Furthermore, fluctuations in P300 amplitude across the task formed a reliable associate of individual error propensity, supporting its use as a marker of sustained control over action.

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Андриянова, Н. В., and В. М. Аллахвердов. "Why Do We Step on the Same Rake? The Occurrence of Recurring Errors in the Learning Process." Психология. Журнал Высшей школы экономики 17, no. 4 (December 30, 2020): 791–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/1813-8918-2020-4-791-802.

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The present study investigated the occurrence of recurring errors in the learning process. Our goal was to determine the reasons for recurring errors. In considering these reasons we were trying to find the characteristic features of incorrect responses at the beginning of a learning process in order to predict the occurrence of recurring errors in the learning process. Response times and confidence measures were used as the predictors of error repetition. The results of two experiments have shown that response times and confidence levels for the recurring and singular errors at the beginning of learning are different. Response times were shorter for recurring errors than for singular errors at the beginning of a learning process. This information can be used to predict the repetition of such errors further along during learning. In addition, in both experiments, the correct responses were slower for stimuli that would cause recurring errors in the future. This allowed us to predict the repetition of such errors. Participants’ confidence estimates also varied with different types of erroneous responses and allowed the repetition of errors during the learning process to be predicted. Thus, our results allow the prediction of error repetition and also can be used to make suggestions about the phenomenon of recurring errors and the causes of their occurrence.

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Park, Woo-Jin. "Structural Safety Assessment Using Equation Error Function and Response Error Function." Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society 10, no. 10 (October 31, 2009): 2819–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/kais.2009.10.10.2819.

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Endrass, Tanja, Cosima Franke, and Norbert Kathmann. "Error Awareness in a Saccade Countermanding Task." Journal of Psychophysiology 19, no. 4 (January 2005): 275–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0269-8803.19.4.275.

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Abstract: Stop-signal tasks can be used to analyze mechanisms of action control and error monitoring. Previous event-related potential (ERP) studies indicated enhanced stop-signal N2 amplitudes for unsuccessful compared with successful inhibition. The aim of this study was to further investigate whether stop-signal related and response-related ERP components would reflect different aspects of error processing. ERPs were recorded during a saccade countermanding task, i.e. a stop-signal task with oculomotor response. Error awareness was obtained from subjective accuracy ratings. The response-related error positivity (Pe) was more pronounced for perceived than for unperceived errors whereas awareness of an error did not modulate the magnitude of the error negativity (Ne). This result is in accordance with previous findings. Stop-signal related ERPs revealed enhanced N2 amplitudes for incorrect (unsuccessfully stopped) trials compared with correct trials. However, this enhancement was restricted to perceived errors. The results support the idea that the stop-signal itself provides a performance feedback and the N2 reflects aspects of conscious response monitoring of unsuccessful inhibition.

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Cracco, Emiel, Charlotte Desmet, and Marcel Brass. "When your error becomes my error: anterior insula activation in response to observed errors is modulated by agency." Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience 11, no. 3 (September 23, 2015): 357–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsv120.

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Koehn, J. D., J. Dickinson, and D. Goodman. "Cognitive Demands of Error Processing." Psychological Reports 102, no. 2 (April 2008): 532–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.102.2.532-538.

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This study used a dual-task methodology to assess attention demands associated with error processing during an anticipation-timing task. A difference was predicted in attention demands during feedback on trials with correct responses and errors. This was addressed by requiring participants to respond to a probe reaction-time stimulus after augmented feedback presentation. 16 participants (8 men, 8 women) completed two phases, the reaction time task only and the anticipation-timing task with the probe RT task. False feedback indicating error and a financial reward manipulation were used to increase relevance of errors. Data supported the hypothesis that error processing is associated with higher cognitive demands than processing feedback denoting a correct response. Individuals responded with quicker probe reaction times during presentation of feedback on correct trials than on error trials. These results are discussed with respect to the cognitive processes which might occur during error processing and their role in motor learning.

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Beatty, Paul J., George A. Buzzell, Daniel M. Roberts, and Craig G. McDonald. "Speeded response errors and the error-related negativity modulate early sensory processing." NeuroImage 183 (December 2018): 112–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.08.009.

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Smallwood, David. "Validation of Measured Dynamic Data Using Rigid Body Response." Journal of the IEST 55, no. 1 (October 1, 2012): 25–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17764/jiet.55.1.2171387035102w27.

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As multiple axis vibration testing has become more widespread, it has become increasingly important to ensure the instrumentation is accurately portrayed in the instrumentation table. However, errors do occur. The method used in this paper to help uncover these errors is based on the condition that at low frequencies (below any resonant frequencies of the object being studied) the response is essentially rigid body. The spectral density matrix (SDM) at a low frequency, of many more than six response measurements, is decomposed using singular value decomposition (SVD). Under the assumption of rigid body response, it is assumed that the first six singular vectors are linear combinations of the six rigid body modes. The best linear fit is then calculated for this fit. The measurements are then removed one at a time, and the reduction in the fit error is calculated. It is assumed that if the removal of a measurement reduces the error significantly, that measurement is likely in error.

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Nandam, L. Sanjay, Robert Hester, Joe Wagner, Angela J. Dean, Cassandra Messer, Asha Honeysett, Pradeep J. Nathan, and Mark A. Bellgrove. "Dopamine D2 Receptor Modulation of Human Response Inhibition and Error Awareness." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 25, no. 4 (April 2013): 649–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00327.

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Response inhibition, comprising action cancellation and action restraint, and error awareness are executive functions of considerable clinical relevance to neuropsychiatric disorders. Nevertheless, our understanding of their underlying catecholamine mechanisms, particularly regarding dopamine, is limited. Here, we used the dopamine D2 agonist cabergoline to study its ability to improve inhibitory control and modulate awareness of performance errors. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover design with a single dose of cabergoline (1.25 mg) and placebo (dextrose) was employed in 25 healthy participants. They each performed the stop-signal task, a well-validated measure of action cancellation, and the Error Awareness Task, a go/no-go measure of action restraint and error awareness, under each drug condition. Cabergoline was able to selectively reduce stop-signal RT, compared with placebo, indicative of enhanced action cancellation (p < .05). This enhancement occurred without concomitant changes in overall response speed or RT variability and was not seen for errors of commission on the Error Awareness Task. Awareness of performance errors on the go/no-go task was, however, significantly improved by cabergoline compared with placebo (p < .05). Our results contribute to growing evidence for the dopaminergic control of distinct aspects of human executive ability, namely, action cancellation and error awareness. The findings may aid the development of new, or the repurposing of existing, pharmacotherapy that targets the cognitive dysfunction of psychiatric and neurological disorders. They also provide further evidence that specific cognitive paradigms have correspondingly specific neurochemical bases.

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Brown, Jeffrey M., and Ramana V. Grandhi. "Reduced-Order Model Development for Airfoil Forced Response." International Journal of Rotating Machinery 2008 (2008): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/387828.

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Two new reduced-order models are developed to accurately and rapidly predict geometry deviation effects on airfoil forced response. Both models have significant application to improved mistuning analysis. The first developed model integrates a principal component analysis approach to reduce the number of defining geometric parameters, semianalytic eigensensitivity analysis, and first-order Taylor series approximation to allow rapid as-measured airfoil response analysis. A second developed model extends this approach and quantifies both random and bias errors between the reduced and full models. Adjusting for the bias significantly improves reduced-order model accuracy. The error model is developed from a regression analysis of the relationship between airfoil geometry parameters and reduced-order model error, leading to physics-based error quantification. Both models are demonstrated on an advanced fan airfoil's frequency, modal force, and forced response.

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Ijaz, Muhammad, Syed Azhar Ali Zaidi, and Aamir Rashid. "Uniform patterns based area-efficient and accurate stochastic computing finite impulse response filter." PLOS ONE 16, no. 1 (January 27, 2021): e0245943. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245943.

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Stochastic computing has recently gained attention due to its low hardware complexity and better fault tolerance against soft errors. However, stochastic computing based circuits suffer from different errors which affect the output accuracy of these circuits. In this paper, an accurate and area-efficient stochastic computing based digital finite impulse response filter is designed. In the proposed work, constant uniform patterns are used as stochastic numbers for the select lines of different MUXes in the filter and the error performance of filter is analysed. Based on the error performance, the combinations of these patterns are proposed for reducing the output error of stochastic computing based filters. The architectures for generating these uniform patterns are also proposed. Results show that the proposed design methodology has better error performance and comparable hardware complexity as compared to the state-of-the-art implementations.

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Appelgren, Alva, William Penny, and Sara L. Bengtsson. "Impact of Feedback on Three Phases of Performance Monitoring." Experimental Psychology 61, no. 3 (November 1, 2014): 224–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169/a000242.

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We investigated if certain phases of performance monitoring show differential sensitivity to external feedback and thus rely on distinct mechanisms. The phases of interest were: the error phase (FE), the phase of the correct response after errors (FEC), and the phase of correct responses following corrects (FCC). We tested accuracy and reaction time (RT) on 12 conditions of a continuous-choice-response task; the 2-back task. External feedback was either presented or not in FE and FEC, and delivered on 0%, 20%, or 100% of FCC trials. The FCC20 was matched to FE and FEC in the number of sounds received so that we could investigate when external feedback was most valuable to the participants. We found that external feedback led to a reduction in accuracy when presented on all the correct responses. Moreover, RT was significantly reduced for FCC100, which in turn correlated with the accuracy reduction. Interestingly, the correct response after an error was particularly sensitive to external feedback since accuracy was reduced when external feedback was presented during this phase but not for FCC20. Notably, error-monitoring was not influenced by feedback-type. The results are in line with models suggesting that the internal error-monitoring system is sufficient in cognitively demanding tasks where performance is ∼ 80%, as well as theories stipulating that external feedback directs attention away from the task. Our data highlight the first correct response after an error as particularly sensitive to external feedback, suggesting that important consolidation of response strategy takes place here.

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Fildes, Robert. "On error measures: A response to the commentators — the best error measure?" International Journal of Forecasting 8, no. 1 (June 1992): 109–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0169-2070(92)90016-3.

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de Bruijn, Ellen R. A., Wouter Hulstijn, Robbert J. Verkes, Gé S. F. Ruigt, and Bernard G. C. Sabbe. "Altered Response Evaluation." Journal of Psychophysiology 19, no. 4 (January 2005): 311–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0269-8803.19.4.311.

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Abstract: Recently, D-amphetamine was shown to increase the error negativity, the so-called “response Ne/ERN,” after incorrect choices of hand. We investigated whether this stimulation of action monitoring would also be present in the monitoring of late responses, reflected in the “late Ne/ERN.” Twelve healthy volunteers performed a speeded choice-reaction task on two separate occasions on which either D-amphetamine or a placebo was administered. The results showed a clear late Ne/ERN following too late (TL) responses, but the amplitude of this late Ne/ERN was not affected by treatment condition. An error positivity (Pe) was present after the late Ne/ERN in the placebo condition, but not in the amphetamine condition. Also, P2a amplitudes following TL feedback were larger after administration of amphetamine compared to placebo. Questionnaires filled in by participants showed that they overrated their own speed and accuracy after administration of amphetamine. Overall, this suggests that the stimulating aspects of amphetamine lead to changes in affective and motivational evaluation of errors and performance in general. Therefore, along with the established cognitive contributions, the current results provide evidence for an important role of affective processes in action monitoring and the effects they have on accompanying ERP components.

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Bollinger, Christopher R. "Response Error and the Union Wage Differential." Southern Economic Journal 68, no. 1 (July 2001): 60–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2325-8012.2001.tb00397.x.

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Bollinger, Christopher R. "Response Error and the Union Wage Differential." Southern Economic Journal 68, no. 1 (July 2001): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1061511.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Error response'

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