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Journal articles on the topic 'Errol Morris'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 27 February 2023

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1

Fallon, Kris. "Several Sides of Errol Morris." Film Quarterly 65, no. 4 (2012): 48–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/fq.2012.65.4.48.

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Though best known as a documentary filmmaker, Errol Morris's recent use of other mediums including books, a blog, Twitter and short films demonstrates a willingness to rethink old questions in new terms. As Morris begin working across media he seems to be offering a critical take on the media itself.

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2

Nunn, H. "Errol Morris: documentary as psychic drama." Screen 45, no. 4 (December 1, 2004): 413–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/screen/45.4.413.

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3

Brooks, Isaac. "Errol Morris: Interviews (review)." Film & History: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Film and Television Studies 41, no. 1 (2011): 118–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/flm.2011.0022.

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4

Druick, Zoë. "Documenting false history: Errol Morris andMr. Death." Studies in Documentary Film 1, no. 3 (December 19, 2007): 207–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/sdf.1.3.207_1.

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5

Zylberman, Lior. "Errol Morris y los misterios de la fotografía." Culturas, no. 6 (September 1, 2014): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.14409/culturas.v18i6.4323.

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6

Jaehne, Karen. ": Fast, Cheap & out of Control . Errol Morris." Film Quarterly 52, no. 3 (April 1999): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/fq.1999.52.3.04a00050.

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7

Mirzoeff, Nicholas. "Standard Operating Procedure: Philip Gourevitch and Errol Morris." Photography and Culture 3, no. 2 (July 2010): 243–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2752/175145110x12700318320710.

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8

Welsh, Jim. "Standard Operating Procedure by Philip Gourevitch and Errol Morris." Journal of American Culture 32, no. 2 (June 2009): 178–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1542-734x.2009.00707_23.x.

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9

Jaehne, Karen. "Review: Fast, Cheap & out of Control by Errol Morris." Film Quarterly 52, no. 3 (1999): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1213824.

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10

Curry, Renee R. "Errol Morris' Construction of Innocence in "The Thin Blue Line"." Rocky Mountain Review of Language and Literature 49, no. 2 (1995): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1347983.

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11

Zylberman, Lior. "Errol Morris. El Documental y “el Problema de la Verdad”." Culturas, no. 5 (March 17, 2011): 93–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.14409/culturas.v1i5.2766.

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12

KIM, Jaeyoung. "The Study on the Evidence, Testimony Documents in Errol Morris’ Films." Cine forum 39 (August 31, 2021): 77–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.19119/cf.2021.08.39.77.

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13

Fein, Seth. "Reviews of Books:The Fog of War Errol Morris, Michael Williams, Julie Ahlberg." American Historical Review 109, no. 4 (October 2004): 1260–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/530830.

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14

Fallon, K. "Archives analog and digital: Errol Morris and documentary film in the digital age." Screen 54, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 20–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/screen/hjs067.

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15

Ricciardelli, Lucia. "‘Documentary Filmmaking in the Postmodern Age: Errol Morris &The Fog of Truth’." Studies in Documentary Film 4, no. 1 (June 2010): 35–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/sdf.4.1.35_1.

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16

Pagano, Rosanne V. "Book Review: Believing Is Seeing: Observations on the Mysteries of Photography, by Errol Morris." Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 92, no. 3 (August 21, 2015): 770–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077699015595634n.

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17

Vegas Fernández, Pablo. "Música y cine documental. Un diálogo entre Errol Morris y Philip Glass: The Thin Blue Line (1988)." Fotocinema. Revista científica de cine y fotografía, no. 21 (July 24, 2020): 337–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.24310/fotocinema.2020.vi21.10013.

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The Thin Blue Line es una de las obras fundamentales de la filmografía de Errol Morris. En este documental se consigue desvelar la inocencia de Randall Adams, acusado por el asesinato de un agente de policía en 1976. Sin embargo, los estudios sobre este film no se han detenido en la consideración de la música compuesta por Philip Glass: ésta juega un papel determinante en la construcción de la inocencia de Adams, así como en el descubrimiento de la corrupción de la justicia estadounidense. De este modo, los reenactments utilizados ampliamente por el director a lo largo del documental dialogarían continuamente con la música de Glass, construyendo entre ambos –tanto en clave irónica, como a través de la repetición– dicha inocencia. Partiendo de estudios sobre el cine documental, como los publicados por Bill Nichols (2013, 2016) o Jonathan Kahana (2016), y aquellos sobre musicología y música en el cine documental, como el editado por Holly Rogers (2016) o Tristan Evans (2015), este artículo trata de establecer relaciones entre los procedimientos de Morris y Glass, quienes a través del dialogo entre reenactments y los presupuestos del minimalismo musical consiguen evidenciar la inocencia de Randall Adams.

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18

Hart, Roderick P. "The Fog of War: Eleven Lessons from the Life of Robert S. McNamara, directed by Errol Morris." Political Communication 24, no. 2 (May 21, 2007): 235–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10584600701313397.

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19

Lutkehaus, Nancy. "Fast, Cheap, and Out of Control: Errol Morris (and others) at Sundance 1997:Fast, Cheap, and Out of Control." Visual Anthropology Review 13, no. 1 (March 1997): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/var.1997.13.1.77.

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20

Angove, C. "The inescapable bond with a predetermined heritage: a phenomenon illustrated by representative characters from three Athol Fugard plays." Literator 8, no. 3 (May 7, 1987): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v8i3.866.

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This article has been gleaned from an MA dissertation on Fugard’s portrayal of the Afrikaner. In determining which characters in the English-dominated Fugard plays can safely be categorized as Afrikaners, one is confronted with the dilemma of the Coloured Afrikaner, who shares the language and culture of the Afrikaner, yet is excluded from any real sense of Afrikaner identity. In this article the White and Coloured Afrikaner characters in three Fugard plays are analysed and discussed in accordance with their perception of their bondage to their cultura. I try to illustrate how each character’s decisions and interpersonal relationships are, to a large extent, the result of the witting or unwitting adherence to a cultural identity. The characters discussed are: Morris, the Coloured brother in The Blood Knof; Frieda and Errol in Statements after an Arrest under the Immorality Act; and Piet, Gladys and Steve in A Lesson from Aloes. “Man is bound to space and time ... a fact that one should never overemphasize or underestimate.” - (J.H. Coetzee)

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21

Balmer, Jeffrey. "Review: Two Films by Errol Morris: The Thin Blue Line and Mr. Death: The Rise and Fall of Fred A. Leuchter, Jr." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 75, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 518–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jsah.2016.75.4.518.

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22

Vogelmann, Rafael Graebin. "Hume as an Error Theorist." Analytica. Revista de Filosofia 22, no. 2 (August 5, 2020): 84–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.35920/arf.2018.v22i2.84-113.

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Neste artigo considero e rejeito uma leitura não-cognitivista do sentimentalismo moral de Hume (segundo a qual ele identifica convicções morais com impressões de um tipo particular) bem como uma leitura disposicionalista (segundo a qual Hume concebe convicções morais como crenças causais a respeito do poder de traços de caráter de produzir certos sentimentos em espectadores apropriados). Sustento que as falhas dessas leituras mostram que Hume é mais bem compreendido como um teórico do erro, de acordo com quem embora convicções morais sejam crenças elas jamais são verdadeiras. Em contraste com teorias do erro contemporâneas, contudo, a tese de Hume não se baseia em uma alegação metafísica para efeito de que não há propriedades morais. Antes, ele sustenta que ideias morais não são ideias de qualidades que possam ser corretamente predicadas de ações ou traços de caráter, mas ideias de sentimentos e que, portanto, crenças morais incorporam sistematicamente um erro categorial. AbstractIn this paper I consider and reject a noncognitivist reading of Hume’ s moral sentimentalism (according to which he identifies moral convictions with impressions of particular kind) as well as a dispositional reading (according to which Hume takes moral convictions to be causal beliefs about the power of character traits to produce certain feelings in suitable spectators). I argue that the shortcomings of these views show that Hume is best understood as an error theorist, according to whom although moral convictions are beliefs they are never true. In contrast with contemporary error theories, however, Hume’s view is not grounded on a metaphysical claim to the effect that there are no moral properties. He holds instead that moral ideas are not at all ideas of qualities that could be truthfully predicated of actions or character traits but rather ideas of feelings and, therefore, that moral beliefs systematically incorporate a category error.

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23

Betsofen, S. Ya, K. A. Speransky, A. V. Bespalov, and S. S. Alexandrova. "Development of a method for calculating the LTEC anisotropy of Zr alloys." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2144, no. 1 (December 1, 2021): 012029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2144/1/012029.

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Abstract The accuracy of determining the LTEC with respect to metals and alloys with an HCP lattice based on inverse pole figures (IPF) is analyzed depending on the number of experimental points on the IPF using three averaging options: (1) taking into account the irregular arrangement of reflections on the stereographic triangle according to Morris; (2) by the multiplicity factor and (3) with the same weight of each orientation. It is shown that when evaluating the LTEC for semi-finished products with a basal texture, 17 reflections on the IPF are sufficient to provide an error of <1% when using Morris averaging and the multiplicity factor; in the case of a prismatic texture, an error of <1% is provided by all three averaging options, while Morris averaging is minimal.

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24

Letort, Delphine. "Looking back into Abu Ghraib:Standard Operating Procedure(Erroll Morris, 2008)." Media, War & Conflict 6, no. 3 (November 28, 2013): 221–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1750635213502139.

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25

Ruano, M. V., J. Ribes, J. Ferrer, and G. Sin. "Application of the Morris method for screening the influential parameters of fuzzy controllers applied to wastewater treatment plants." Water Science and Technology 63, no. 10 (May 1, 2011): 2199–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2011.442.

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In this paper, we evaluate the application of a sensitivity analysis to help fine-tuning a fuzzy controller for a biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal (BNPR) plant. The Morris Screening method is proposed and evaluated as a prior step to obtain the parameter significance ranking. First, an iterative procedure has been performed in order to find out the proper repetition number of the elementary effects (r) of the method. The optimal repetition number found in this study (r = 60) is in direct contrast to previous applications of the Morris method, which usually use low repetition number, e.g. r = 10 ∼ 20. Working with a non-proper repetition number (r) could lead to Type I error (identifying a not-important factor as significant (false positive)) as well as Type II error (identifying an important factor as not significant (false negative)), hence emphasizing the importance of finding the optimal repetition number for each study in question. With the proper r found, the Morris Screening helped identify the parameter significance ranking, thereby facilitating the calibration of fuzzy controllers, which contain many parameters that need to be adjusted for different wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) applications.

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26

Scurich, Nicholas, and Itiel E. Dror. "Continued confusion about inconclusives and error rates: Reply to Weller and Morris." Forensic Science International: Synergy 2 (2020): 703–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fsisyn.2020.10.005.

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27

Gomes, Talita Rodrigues, and Maria Célia Delduque Nogueira Pires de Sá. "O Erro médico sob o olhar do Judiciário: uma investigação no Tribunal de Justiça do Distrito Federal e Territórios." CADERNOS IBERO-AMERICANOS DE DIREITO SANITÁRIO 6, no. 1 (March 30, 2017): 72–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.17566/ciads.v6i1.362.

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A atividade do profissional da área médica pode suscitar em morte do paciente ou o comprometimento de sua integridade física ou de sua saúde, por conduta culposa (negligência, imperícia ou imprudência). Esses atos geram ações de responsabilidade civil levando-o a ressarcir os danos produzidos ao paciente ou ações de responsabilidade penal trazendo consequências criminais agente. Este artigo realizou uma pesquisa jurisprudencial a partir do levantamento de dados dos acórdãos em segunda instância disponível no site do TJDFT no período de 2013 a 2015, utilizando os termos “erro médico” no campo disponibilizado para pesquisa resultando um total de 204 processos. Desta analise 97% dos processos foram julgados pela justiça comum e 3% por juizados especiais; 1% tratavam de dano material, 46% sobre danos morais e 53% relacionados a danos morais e materiais; as especialidades de menor participação nos pleitos de erro médico foram endocrinologia, dermatologia, fisioterapia, pneumologia, proctologia e erros provenientes da farmácia enquanto as com maior número de processos foram gineco-obstetrícia, cirurgia geral e plástica; encontramos ações cujo o réu foi o setor privado em 51%, o setor público 44% e individual em 5% dos processos analisados; as sentenças foram improcedentes em 57%, procedentes em 22% parcialmente procedentes em 19% e extintos em 2% dos processos analisados.

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28

Xavier, Manuel. "Meanings of Practice, Morals of Error." Nuncius 35, no. 1 (April 23, 2020): 114–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18253911-03501001.

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Abstract This paper is about an unsuccessful scientific instrument. Since its conception, the four theodolites Portuguese naval officer, geographer, and later aviation pioneer Carlos Viegas Gago Coutinho (1869–1959) ordered from the Italian maker and engineer Angelo Salmoiraghi (1848–1939), which were used in surveying missions to the African colonies, caused problems and disagreements. From the user’s perspective, the instruments were poorly manufactured; from the maker’s perspective, the user’s incompetence was to blame. By focusing on a well-documented set of scientific instruments, I will analyse social features concerning scientific practice, material culture, and instrument trade. I will show how the meaning of an adapted and untrustworthy instrument changed during practice; how a crisis between distanced user and maker, concerning design, precision, and error, developed; and how a clash for scientific and professional authority intertwined moral and scientific attributes.

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29

Zhong, Baoling, Zongmin Wang, Haibo Yang, Hongshi Xu, Meiyan Gao, and Qiuhua Liang. "Parameter Optimization of SWMM Model Using Integrated Morris and GLUE Methods." Water 15, no. 1 (December 30, 2022): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15010149.

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The USEPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency) Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) is one of the most extensively implemented numerical models for simulating urban runoff. Parameter optimization is essential for reliable SWMM model simulation results, which are heterogeneously sensitive to a variety of parameters, especially when involving complicated simulation conditions. This study proposed a Genetic Algorithm-based parameter optimization method that combines the Morris screening method with the generalized likelihood uncertainty estimation (GLUE) method. In this integrated methodology framework, the Morris screening method is used to determine the parameters for calibration, the GLUE method is employed to narrow down the range of parameter values, and the Genetic Algorithm is applied to further optimize the model parameters by considering objective constraints. The results show that the set of calibrated parameters, obtained by the integrated Morris and GLUE methods, can reduce the peak error by 9% for a simulation, and then the multi-objective constrained Genetic Algorithm reduces the model parameters’ peak error in the optimization process by up to 6%. During the validation process, the parameter set determined from the combination of both is used to obtain the optimal values of the parameters by the Genetic Algorithm. The proposed integrated method shows superior applicability for different rainfall intensities and rain-type events. These findings imply that the automated calibration of the SWMM model utilizing a Genetic Algorithm based on the combined parameter set of both has enhanced model simulation performance.

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30

Winck, Daniela Ries, Odaléa Maria Brüggemann, and Marisa Monticelli. "A responsabilidade profissional na assistência ao parto: discursos de enfermeiras obstétricas." Escola Anna Nery 16, no. 2 (June 2012): 363–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1414-81452012000200022.

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Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, de natureza exploratória, que objetivou identificar o conhecimento das enfermeiras obstétricas em relação à responsabilidade profissional na assistência ao parto. Foram entrevistadas 11 enfermeiras que atuavam na assistência ao parto em hospitais e/ou domicílio no estado de Santa Catarina, entre março e agosto de 2009. Após análise pelo Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo, emergiram Ideias Centrais que contemplam os temas sobre as relações das enfermeiras obstétricas com os médicos e a instituição; a responsabilização profissional e as repercussões morais e legais do erro. Verificou-se que as enfermeiras conhecem pouco a respeito das repercussões legais do erro. Ao assumir a assistência ao parto, devem dedicar total atenção aos limites da competência e à prevenção de erros previsíveis, tendo em mente que assumirão também a responsabilização por suas falhas. A atualização sobre responsabilidade legal é tão importante quanto a científica e pode contribuir para a autoconfiança profissional.

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31

Yous, Radia, Hakima Cherifi, and Razika Khalladi. "Comparative Mass Transfer Study of Basic and Acid Magenta Adsorption onto Natural Clay." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 19, no. 4 (August 13, 2019): 1031. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.41820.

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In this work a comparative study of basic and acid magenta sorption on Algerian natural untreated clay was investigated using theoretical models for the following conditions C0(BM) = 200 mg/L, C0(AM) = 150 mg/L, V = 500 mL, CB(BM) = 1g/L, T = 22 °C. Adsorption mechanism of both dyes based on an intraparticle diffusion, external mass transfer, and kinetic models was examined. Statistical error functions regression coefficient (R2), the root mean square error (RMSE) and the average relative error deviation ARED were used to estimate the deviation between experimental and theoretical values. This work indicated that the experimental results obtained for both dyes fitted well the chosen models in the following order: External model of Boyd < Kinetic model < Urano and Tachikawa model < External model of Weber and Morris ≤ Weber and Morris internal diffusion model. However, the calculated values of Biot number are 32.31 and 69.33 for acid magenta and basic magenta respectively, indicating that the adsorption of both dyes onto the same clay is initially controlled by external film diffusion at the first ten minutes. The adsorption capacity of the tested clay for both dyes is remarkable compared to other natural adsorbents. Where the best results were obtained for basic magenta (qexp = 198.028 mg g–1, R2 = 0.992, ARED = 0.128 and RMSE = 0.461).

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32

R. da S. Ribeiro, Hippolyto. "Os mundos morais possíveis de Mackie e MacIntyre." Princípios: Revista de Filosofia (UFRN) 26, no. 51 (October 1, 2019): 147–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21680/1983-2109.2019v26n51id18067.

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Analisamos nesse artigo as principais características filosóficas do ceticismo moral de Mackie e do contextualismo moral de MacIntyre. Do ponto-de-vista ontológico. Reivindicamos que Mackie e MacIntyre adotam ontologias diferentes. Mackie adota uma ontologia fisicalista ou materialista e MacIntyre uma ontologia social e cultural. Por essa razão, Mackie conclui que valores morais não são objetivos, enquanto MacIntyre conclui, ao contrário, que valores morais são objetivos. Do ponto-de-vista linguístico. Reivindicamos que a teoria do ‘erro’ de Mackie postula que o uso da linguagem moral ocidental é baseado numa crença (falsa) na objetividade dos valores morais, e a teoria do desacordo moral contemporâneo de MacIntyre propõe, ao contrário, que o uso da linguagem moral na sociedade pós-moderna é baseado numa crença (falsa) na subjetividade dos valores morais.

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33

Olson, Kristen. "Comments on “How Errors Cumulate: Two Examples” by Roger Tourangeau." Journal of Survey Statistics and Methodology 8, no. 3 (July 5, 2019): 442–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jssam/smz025.

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Abstract This paper provides a discussion of the Tourangeau (2019) Morris Hansen Lecture paper. I address issues related to compounding errors in web surveys and the relationship between nonresponse and measurement errors. I provide a potential model for understanding when error sources in nonprobability web surveys may compound or counteract one other. I also provide three conceptual models that help explicate the joint relationship between nonresponse and measurement errors.

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34

Rebello, Jaime Parera. "Teoria do Erro: uma avaliação crítica." Veritas (Porto Alegre) 62, no. 2 (October 26, 2017): 453. http://dx.doi.org/10.15448/1984-6746.2017.2.26582.

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Entre as modernas teorias em Metaética a Teoria do Erro de John Mackie é uma das mais influentes. Isso não é acidental. A teoria de Mackie é nova, é interessante e está apoiada em argumentos claros e desafiadores. A despeito de tudo isso, aqui uma crítica às principais teses de Mackie será apresentada. Em primeiro lugar se sustentará que se o seu principal argumento, o argumento do caráter estranho, é tomado como aceitável, o que se segue não é a falsidade sistemática dos enunciados morais, como Mackie alega, mas algo diferente. Em segundo lugar, argumentar-se-á que o próprio argumento do caráter estranho não é aceitável. O resultado é uma rejeição dos pontos principais da teoria de Mackie.

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35

Bonella, Alcino Eduardo. "Em busca do conhecimento moral." ethic@ - An international Journal for Moral Philosophy 19, no. 1 (May 20, 2020): 05–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1677-2954.2020v19n1p05.

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Neste artigo, depois de esclarecer aspectos da pretensão de objetividade dos juízos morais comuns e aspectos gerais da epistemologia moral, apresento e analiso a possibilidade da existência e obtenção de crenças morais verdadeiras, primeiramente, em posições céticas contrárias a tal, como na perspectiva niilista da teoria do erro e na subjetivista das teorias relativistas (social e individual), depois, em segundo lugar, em duas posições favoráveis ao conhecimento moral, a realista naturalista e a realista não-naturalista ou intuicionista. Uma perspectiva normalmente considerada contrária à existência e obtenção de crenças morais verdadeiras é a expressivista, mas neste artigo sugiro e esboço como ela, ou ao menos algumas de suas versões mais sofisticadas, pode ser epistemicamente amistosa na busca por conhecimento moral, num sentido mais fraco do conceito.

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36

Lemaire, Vincent, MichÉle Thieullen, and Nicolas Thomas. "Thinning and multilevel Monte Carlo methods for piecewise deterministic (Markov) processes with an application to a stochastic Morris–Lecar model." Advances in Applied Probability 52, no. 1 (March 2020): 138–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/apr.2019.55.

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AbstractIn the first part of this paper we study approximations of trajectories of piecewise deterministic processes (PDPs) when the flow is not given explicitly by the thinning method. We also establish a strong error estimate for PDPs as well as a weak error expansion for piecewise deterministic Markov processes (PDMPs). These estimates are the building blocks of the multilevel Monte Carlo (MLMC) method, which we study in the second part. The coupling required by the MLMC is based on the thinning procedure. In the third part we apply these results to a two-dimensional Morris–Lecar model with stochastic ion channels. In the range of our simulations the MLMC estimator outperforms classical Monte Carlo.

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37

Li, Yun, Yifu Wang, Yujun Sun, and Jie Li. "Global Sensitivity Analysis of the LPJ Model for Larix olgensis Henry Forests NPP in Jilin Province, China." Forests 13, no. 6 (June 2, 2022): 874. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13060874.

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Parameter sensitivity analysis can determine the influence of the input parameters on the model output. Identification and calibration of critical parameters are the crucial points of the process model optimization. Based on the Extended Fourier Amplitude Sensitivity Test (EFAST) and the Morris method, this paper analyzes and compares the parameter sensitivity of the annual mean net primary productivity (NPP) of Larix olgensis Henry forests in Jilin Province simulated by the Lund–Potsdam–Jena dynamic global vegetation model (LPJ model) in 2009–2014 and 2000–2019, and deeply examines the sensitivity and influence of the two methods to each parameter and their respective influence on the model’s output. Moreover, it optimizes some selected parameters and re-simulates the NPP of Larix olgensis forests in Jilin Province from 2010 to 2019. The conclusions are the following: (1) For the LPJ model, the sensitive and non-influential parameters could be identified, which could guide the optimization order of the model and was valuable for model area applications. (2) The results of the two methods were similar but not identical. The sensitivity parameters were significantly correlated (p < 0.05); parameter krp was the most sensitive parameter, followed by parameters αm, αa, and gm. These sensitive parameters were mainly found in the photosynthesis, water balance, and allometric growth modules. (3) The EFAST method had a higher precision than the Morris method, which could calculate quantitatively the contribution rate of each parameter to the variances of the model results; however, the Morris method involved fewer model running times and higher efficiency. (4) The mean relative error (MRE) and mean absolute error (MAE) of the simulated value of LPJ model after parameter optimization decreases. The optimized annual mean value of NPP from 2010 to 2019 was 580 g C m−2 a−1, with a mean annual growth rate of 2.13%, exhibiting a fluctuating growth trend. The MAE of the simulated value of LPJ model after parameter optimization decreases.

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Dever, Jill A. "Discussion of “How Errors Cumulate: Two Examples” by Roger Tourangeau." Journal of Survey Statistics and Methodology 8, no. 3 (July 30, 2019): 433–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jssam/smz020.

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Abstract Researchers have the ongoing task of improving total survey quality (TSQ). Dr. Roger Tourangeau, winner of the 2019 Morris Hansen award, argues that factors affecting TSQ are not necessarily independent, and their effects could compound poor quality. In this article, I highlight a few aspects of “How Errors Cumulate” related to study design, weighting, and estimation involving nonprobability surveys. Here, I argue for the potential benefits of hybrid estimation, involving probability and nonprobability survey data, to address multiple error sources.

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Hansen, Bruce E. "SHRINKAGE EFFICIENCY BOUNDS." Econometric Theory 31, no. 4 (October 2, 2014): 860–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266466614000693.

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This paper is an extension of Magnus (2002, Econometrics Journal 5, 225–236) to multiple dimensions. We consider estimation of a multivariate normal mean under sum of squared error loss. We construct the efficiency bound (the lowest achievable risk) for minimax shrinkage estimation in the class of minimax orthogonally invariate estimators satisfying the sufficient conditions of Efron and Morris (1976, Annals of Statistics 4, 11–21). This allows us to compare the regret of existing orthogonally invariate shrinkage estimators. We also construct a new shrinkage estimator which achieves substantially lower maximum regret than existing estimators.

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Brannick, Michael T., Sean M. Potter, Bryan Benitez, and Scott B. Morris. "Bias and Precision of Alternate Estimators in Meta-Analysis: Benefits of Blending Schmidt-Hunter and Hedges Approaches." Organizational Research Methods 22, no. 2 (November 23, 2017): 490–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1094428117741966.

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We describe a new estimator (labeled Morris) for meta-analysis. The Morris estimator combines elements of both the Schmidt-Hunter and Hedges estimators. The new estimator is compared to (a) the Schmidt-Hunter estimator, (b) the Schmidt-Hunter estimator with variance correction for the number of studies (“ k correction”), (c) the Hedges random-effects estimator, and (d) the Bonett unit weights estimator in a Monte Carlo simulation. The simulation was designed to represent realistic conditions faced by researchers, including population random-effects distributions, numbers of studies, and skewed sample size distributions. The simulation was used to evaluate the estimators with respect to bias, coverage of the 95% confidence interval of the mean, and root mean square error of estimates of the population mean. We also evaluated the quality of credibility intervals. Overall, the new estimator provides better coverage and slightly better credibility values than other commonly used methods. Thus it has advantages of both commonly used approaches without the apparent disadvantages. The new estimator can be implemented easily with existing software; software used in the study is available online, and an example is included in the appendix in the Supplemental Material available online.

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Silva, Estéfani Cândida Xavier da, and Rafaela Gessy Lemos de Pádua. "LIMBO PREVIDENCIÁRIO: DANO MORAL ANTE A MORA E ERRO NA CONCESSÃO DE BENEFÍCIO PREVIDENCIÁRIO NA ESFERA ADMINISTRATIVA." Revista Ibero-Americana de Humanidades, Ciências e Educação 8, no. 11 (November 30, 2022): 1046–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.51891/rease.v8i11.7551.

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O presente artigo, denominado “Limbo previdenciário: dano moral ante a mora e erro na concessão de benefício previdenciário na esfera administrativa” pretende estudar e analisar os pedidos de benefícios previdenciários, onde o Instituto Nacional do Seguro Social (INSS) descumpre os prazos periodicamente e consequentemente acorre a ausência de consequências legais. Dessa forma, o segurado a quem é injustamente negado o acesso aos benefícios previdenciários sofre o limbo previdenciário. A finalidade do presente artigo é analisar a viabilidade da aplicação do dispositivo legal de dano moral previdenciário ante erros e mora do INSS. Buscando o esclarecimento a partir de pesquisa exploratória e bibliográfica, pretendendo conhecer cuidadosamente o tema em pauta, para conhecimento de seus direitos para a população brasileira, particularmente referente ao dano moral e limbo previdenciário, observado perante a perspectiva dos princípios previdenciários; manejando também o documental para buscar acesso a jurisprudências e dispositivos legais, para o entendimento do tema. O objetivo deste artigo é abranger especificamente o esclarecimento e o conhecimento sobre o assunto, mostrando que o limbo previdenciário causa danos que não foi acolhido pelo INSS, resultando a um ressarcimento de danos morais previdenciários ao assegurado que foi imposto ao limbo previdenciário, onde o intuito é indenizar o lesado por sofrer danos psicológicos, evitando atraso/erro no julgamento dos pedidos administrativos.

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Henderson, A. S. "The Present State of Psychiatric Epidemiology." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 30, no. 1 (February 1996): 9–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048679609076069.

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The seven uses of epidemiology identified by Morris all have direct relevance for mental disorders. But psychiatric epidemiology has a number of distinguishing features: it has to depend on a nosology that may lack validity; it depends largely on subjective symptoms for its data; the morbidity it deals with is really a continuum, and not a dichotomy of cases and unaffected persons; the measurement of morbidity using scales or standardised interviews is open to considerable error; and the unbiased assessment of environmental exposures proves to be technically challenging. Some of these features have been the basis of interesting research developments. The main milestones in the progress of psychiatric epidemiology are reviewed, together with some of the current issues of general interest, including activities in Australasia.

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O'Carroll, R. E., A. Moffoot, K. P. Ebmeier, and G. M. Goodwin. "Estimating pre-morbid intellectual ability in the Alcoholic Korsakoff Syndrome." Psychological Medicine 22, no. 4 (November 1992): 903–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291700038472.

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SynopsisThe National Adult Reading Test (NART) is widely used in clinical and research settings to estimate pre-morbid intellectual levels. The validity of the NART in estimating pre-morbid ability in Alcoholic Korsakoff Syndrome (AKS) is examined in the present study. Twenty AKS subjects were compared with 40 healthy controls. The validity of the NART as a pre-morbid measure in AKS was examined using four methods. AKS subjects made more NART errors than controls, had lower NART predicted IQ than demographically predicted IQ, made more NART errors than predicted by demographic variables and demonstrated NART performance which correlated with degree of memory impairment. It is concluded that NART performance is detrimentally affected by the AKS and that estimating pre-morbid intellectual level in Korsakoff's psychosis using the NART may be invalid. Furthermore, it is postulated that the impaired ability to pronounce correctly irregular words in AKS may reflect a failure in cognitive ‘error checking’ which may represent a consequence of frontal lobe dysfunction.

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Hofmann, Heike, Alicia Carriquiry, and Susan Vanderplas. "Treatment of inconclusives in the AFTE range of conclusions." Law, Probability and Risk 19, no. 3-4 (December 1, 2020): 317–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/lpr/mgab002.

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Abstract In the past decade, and in response to the recommendations set forth by the National Research Council Committee on Identifying the Needs of the Forensic Sciences Community (2009), scientists have conducted several black-box studies that attempt to estimate the error rates of firearm examiners. Most of these studies have resulted in vanishingly small error rates, and at least one of them (D. P. Baldwin, S. J. Bajic, M. Morris, and D. Zamzow. A Study of False-Positive and False-Negative Error Rates in Cartridge Case Comparisons. Technical report, Ames Lab IA, Performing, Fort Belvoir, VA, April 2014.) was cited by the President’s Council of Advisors in Science and Technology (PCAST) during the Obama administration, as an example of a well-designed experiment. What has received little attention, however, is the actual calculation of error rates and in particular, the effect of inconclusive findings on those error estimates. The treatment of inconclusives in the assessment of errors has far-reaching implications in the legal system. Here, we revisit several black-box studies in the area of firearms examination, investigating their treatment of inconclusive results. It is clear that there are stark differences in the rate of inconclusive results in regions with different norms for training and reporting conclusions. More surprisingly, the rate of inconclusive decisions for materials from different sources is notably higher than the rate of inconclusive decisions for same-source materials in some regions. To mitigate the effects of this difference we propose a unifying approach to the calculation of error rates that is directly applicable in forensic laboratories and in legal settings.

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45

Ornitz, Barbara E. "PREVENTION THROUGH PEOPLE." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1997, no. 1 (April 1, 1997): 171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1997-1-171.

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ABSTRACT This paper examines the status of action taken in the United States and internationally to prevent oil spills by addressing human factors. The real cause of 60% to 80% of all oil discharges is human error. People, not technology, are the key. There is a shift in prevention from technology to people in six major areas in the maritime community: USCG licensing procedures for crew; the ISM code under SOLAS; self-policing by industry; the USCG Point System; MARPOL 73/78 Port State Control; and use of the Intervention on the High Seas Convention. As an example of lessons to be learned, this paper makes specific reference throughout to the 798,000-gallon oil spill of no. 6 diesel fuel from the Morris J. Berman off San Juan, Puerto Rico, in January 1994, and to the human factors that caused that spill.

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Baker, Emily A., Alessandro Cappato, Sara Todeschini, Lorenzo Tamellini, Giancarlo Sangalli, Alessandro Reali, and Sauro Manenti. "Combining the Morris method and multiple error metrics to assess aquifer characteristics and recharge in the lower Ticino Basin, in Italy." Journal of Hydrology 614 (November 2022): 128536. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2022.128536.

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47

Nogueira Vieira da Silva, Adaiele Lucia, Rosely Almeida Souza, Willian Alburquerque de Almeida, Jessica Araujo Braga Amoras, Liliane Moretti Carneiro, Adriano Menis Ferreira, and Marcelo Alessandro Rigotti. "Serviços de assistência à saúde e a ocorrência de erros médicos: uma abordagem à luz da Teoria Principialista." Saúde Coletiva (Barueri), no. 57 (October 21, 2020): 3557–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.36489/saudecoletiva.2020v10i57p3557-3572.

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Os meios de comunicação escrita e televisiva têm noticiado, frequentemente, os erros médicos ocorridos durante a assistência prestada em serviços de saúde. Diante disto, o presente estudo tem como objetivo refletir sobre a ocorrência de erros médicos à luz da Teoria Principialista. Apesar da relevância do tema para o avanço da qualidade da assistência e segurança do paciente, ainda são poucas as discussões envolvendo os princípios bioéticos. Tendo em vista a necessidade de informações que revelem dados empíricos relativos à dimensão da problemática, a violação de princípios bioéticos configura também na desobediência aos artigos que se referem ao cumprimento dos deveres e responsabilidades de cada categoria profissional. É imperativo uma busca constante pela discussão e reflexão dos princípios bioéticos e conflitos morais presentes nos serviços de saúde, com intuito de interligar o cuidado técnico com o cuidado ético-bioético, numa perspectiva de integralidade.

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Davidson, Megan, and Jennifer L. Keating. "A Comparison of Five Low Back Disability Questionnaires: Reliability and Responsiveness." Physical Therapy 82, no. 1 (January 1, 2002): 8–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ptj/82.1.8.

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Abstract Background and Purpose. The aim of this study was to examine 5 commonly used questionnaires for assessing disability in people with low back pain. The modified Oswestry Disability Questionnaire, the Quebec Back Pain Disability Scale, the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire, the Waddell Disability Index, and the physical health scales of the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) were compared in patients undergoing physical therapy for low back pain. Subjects and Methods. Patients with low back pain completed the questionnaires during initial consultation with a physical therapist and again 6 weeks later (n=106). Test-retest reliability was examined for a group of 47 subjects who were classified as “unchanged” and a subgroup of 16 subjects who were self-rated as “about the same.” Responsiveness was compared using standardized response means, receiver operating characteristic curves, and the proportions of subjects who changed by at least as much as the minimum detectable change (MDC) (90% confidence interval [CI] of the standard error for repeated measures). Scale width was judged as adequate if no more than 15% of the subjects had initial scores at the upper or lower end of the scale that were insufficient to allow change to be reliably detected. Results. Intraclass correlation coefficients (2,1) calculated to measure reliability for the subjects who were classified as “unchanged” and those who were self-rated as “about the same” were greater than .80 for the Oswestry and Quebec questionnaires and the SF-36 Physical Functioning scale and less than .80 for the Waddell and Roland-Morris questionnaires and the SF-36 Role Limitations–Physical and Bodily Pain scales. None of the scales were more responsive than any other. Discussion and Conclusion. Measurements obtained with the modified Oswestry Disability Questionnaire, the SF-36 Physical Functioning scale, and the Quebec Back Pain Disability Scale were the most reliable and had sufficient width scale to reliably detect improvement or worsening in most subjects. The reliability of measurements obtained with the Waddell Disability Index was moderate, but the scale appeared to be insufficient to recommend it for clinical application. The Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire and the Role Limitations–Physical and Bodily Pain scales of the SF-36 appeared to lack sufficient reliability and scale width for clinical application.

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Xu, Shu ping, Yan yan Yang, Dan Xue, Jin xiu Liu, Xin min Liu, Tai-Ping Fan, Rui le Pan, and PengTao Li. "Cognitive-Enhancing Effects of Polygalasaponin Hydrolysate in Aβ25–35-Induced Amnesic Mice." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2011 (2011): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/839720.

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Polygalasaponins are the major active constituents ofPolygala tenuifoliaexhibiting antiamnesic activity, but their applications are limited due to their toxicities. Evidence showed that the toxicities can be attenuated by hydrolysis. Herein, effects of a hydrolysate of polygalasaponins (HPS) on cognitive impairment induced by Aβ25−35were assessed by Morris water maze and step-through passive avoidance tests. The impaired spatial reference memory was improved by HPS (50 and 100 mg/kg). In the acquisition trial of step-through test, HPS (50 and 100 mg/kg) increased the latency into the dark chamber and decreased the error frequency significantly (). However, no significant change was observed during the retention trial. Additionally, HPS increased the corresponding SOD activities (62.34%, 22.09%) and decreased MDA levels (28.21%, 32.35%) in both cortex and hippocampus as compared to model animals. These results show that HPS may be a useful treatment against amnesia probably via its antioxidant properties.

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Jensen, Per. "The potential energy surface for the C3 molecule determined from experimental data. Evidence for a bent equilibrium structure." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 54, no. 5 (1989): 1209–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19891209.

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The Morse oscillator-rigid bender internal dynamics (MORBID) Hamiltonian for triatomic molecules (Jensen P.: J. Mol. Spectrosc. 128, 478 (1988)) has been used to refine the potential energy function for the X1*Sg+ electronic ground state of C3 by fitting to experimental data. In accordance with previous ab initio calculations by Kraemer W. P., Bunker P. R., and Yoshimine M. (J. Mol. Spectrosc. 107, 191 (1984)), C3 is found to have a bent equilibrium structure. The MORBID calculation reported here yields a barrier to linearity of 16.5(3.6) cm-1 and an equilibrium bond angle of 162.5° (1.0°) with one standard error given in parentheses.

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