Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'ERP'

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The general goal in this research consists of analyzing, in the Companhia Sider?rgica Nacional (CSN), the largest steel plant of Latin America, the preponderant factors in the implementation of e-business solutions with ERP and to verify its relevance degrees. The e-business model is established basing on three key points for the business, on a side is Supplay Chain Management (SCM), where the internal processes integration happens to the suppliers net, in the middle is Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), which is just responsible for the integration of the internal processes of the business and on the other side is Customer Relationship Management (CRM), which integrates the internal processes and SCM to the final customers: e-commerce. With this new model and internet progress, it appears, the concept eERP (Extended Enterprise Resources Planning), which is treated as the ERP new era, a new reality of collaboration among companies, in that their barriers are extrapolated and a better businesses control is gotten. The transformation of ERP in eERP does not change the base that ERP should have, but it implements connectivity that e-business model has. The present study, through bibliographical research, completed with case study, supplies a wide view the precedent existence of applications solid ERP is the preponderant factor to get coherent and integrated solutions of e-business to ERP.
O objetivo geral nesta pesquisa consiste em analisar, na Companhia Sider?rgica Nacional (CSN), a maior sider?rgica da Am?rica Latina, os fatores preponderantes na implementa??o de solu??es e-business com o ERP. O modelo de e-business ? constru?do baseando-se em tr?s pontos chaves para o neg?cio, de um lado o Supply Chain Management (SCM), onde acontece a integra??o dos processos internos ?s rede de fornecedores, no meio o Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), que ? respons?vel somente pela integra??o dos processos internos do neg?cio e do outro lado o Customer Relationship Management (CRM), que integra os processos internos e do SCM aos clientes finais: o e-commerce. Com este novo modelo e com o avan?o da internet, surge, o conceito eERP (Extended Enterprise Resources Planning Planejamento de Recursos do Empreendimento Estendido), tratando-se ent?o da nova era do ERP, uma nova realidade de colabora??o entre as empresas, em que se extrapolam as suas barreiras e consegue-se um melhor controle dos neg?cios. A transforma??o do ERP em eERP n?o muda a fundamenta??o que o ERP deva ter, mas implementa a conectividade que o modelo de e-business tem. O presente estudo, atrav?s de pesquisa bibliogr?fica, completada com um estudo de caso, fornece uma vis?o ampla de que a exist?ncia precedente de aplica??es ERP s?lidas ? o fator preponderante para se ter solu??es de ebusiness coerentes e integradas ao ERP.

Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia de Produção
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O desenvolvimento da tecnologia da informação e dos sistemas de informação trouxe uma nova forma de planejamento, controle e tomada de decisões para as organizações. Neste contexto, o ERP (enterprise resource planning), um sistema de informações integrado, surge como uma oportunidade para os gestores conduzirem seus negócios com informações em tempo real. Ao mesmo tempo, a expansão do número de universidades brasileiras aumentou a

Companies are always trying to enhance their functioning to achieve a competitive advantage in a given market. Some of the tools that are used to improve organizational functioning include ERP systems. In fact, ERP systems are becoming very popular among firms, to the point where they are considered by some as an ailing business savior. Nevertheless, despite the attractive functions that an ERP system may display to an interested company, implementing such a system successfully is a task that is far from being easy. Several problems may arise in the implementation phase, and a failure to address them correctly can have terrible consequences on the general functioning of a firm. Two of the main factors that contribute to a failed ERP system implementation are training and resistance to change. A tool that may actually help with the ERP system implementation failure is ERP simulation.

The main purpose of this thesis is to study the potential effect that ERP simulations can have on a potential ERP system user skills and knowledge, and thereafter find the potential impact that they may have while being used during an ERP implementation to facilitate training and reduce resistance to change.

The tools that were used to successfully accomplish this research were a personal interview with an ERP simulation expert, a detailed survey with ERP simulation participants, and various information that were collected from books, articles, reports and websites.

This thesis main results show that ERP simulations can enable ERP users to improve their knowledge of ERP systems effectively, and also have potential to contribute during the implementation phase by reducing the possible problems that may arise from the training and the resistance to    change perspectives.

This work is focused on the problematics of ERP as a Service and its main goal is to identify opportunities for new Czech providers of ERP as a Service. In theoretical part of this work at first is described that, what is provided by ERP as a Service. Further off is this part focused on that, how and under which terms can be and should be ERP as a Service provided. In last chapter of this part are presented world IT trends (for example Lean IT) and its relation to ERP as a Service. In second part of this work was documented the analysis of selected providers of ERP as a Service. That analysis helped to identify opportunities for new providers of ERP as a Service and also determine advices for new or selected providers of ERP as a Service. Creation of the method of the analysis was based on ideal of the provider of ERP as a Service and its product, which is described in first part of this work. In the analysis was also found some characteristics of Czech market of ERP as a Service and its providers. Benefits of this work are not only pointed at providers of ERP as a Service, but also at its potential customers. They can for example find out in this work on what they should focus on or what they should beware of when choosing ERP as a Service.

This thesis is concerning with problems of using database systems in ERP / ERP II software packages. The goal is to define position of ERP / ERP II systems in the Information System market. With this topic are also connected characteristics of database systems and definition of their specific position towards ERP / ERP II solutions. Except classical solutions, when the whole Information System is situated "inside" a company, there are also analyzed new attitudes, which respect external provider of ERP / ERP II and database services, particularly SaaS and Cloud Computing technology. This thesis also deals with evaluation of contributions and threats of these new business models, respecting different size of ERP / ERP II solutions. After introductory theoretical chapters, we choose respondents from groups of producers and distributors of ERP / ERP II products and we implemented a survey through questionnaire research. The goal is to clarify main reasons of choice of specific database platforms, used with different types of ERP / ERP II solutions. Afterward, with the aid of defined hypothesis, I'm trying to explain a degree of platform independence of robust ERP / ERP II software packages, towards database platforms. In closing parts of the thesis, there are compared individual database platforms among each other, respecting their suitability of usage in ERP / ERP II systems. Database systems are closely analyzed from several points of view. On the basis of ascertained theoretical and empirical frequency of particular database solutions we determine dominant market players and with the aid of multicriterial comparison we clear up reasons of their success among other competitors. Finally, we outline an anticipated trend, where the database systems market destined for ERP / ERP II products should grow in.

This paper presents the work in progress regarding an international research project based on an empirical survey. It focuses on the early stages of making the adoption decision, thereafter evaluating and selecting an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system prior to implementation in Small to Medium sized Enterprises (SMEs). The project seeks to close some of the identified gaps in ERP research. In addition, it attempts to link the results of the early stages of decision making to implementation, usage and evolution success in order to allow important conclusions to be made, for example, on the best practices in decision making or decision quality and success. This project will be restricted to the case of ERP software but will also give insights into the potential of integrating ERP and other important applications such as Customer Relationship Management (CRM) or Supply Chain Management (SCM). The proposed research seeks to identify any differences and similarities contributing to the analysed research areas between British and Austrian companies. The choice of companies originating from two different regions in Europe is an important precondition in order to formulate results that will be applicable to the European Union in general. Due to the pervasive nature of ERP systems, our research results should be of interest to a wide range of professional and scholarly communities (from software engineering to accounting), in addition to the Information Systems (IS) field. The results presented should especially help practitioners in SMEs facing the important task of introducing an ERP system into their company. (author's abstract)
Series: Working Papers on Information Systems, Information Business and Operations

This work deals with creating a module for existing ERP system. Module should be able to produce dataprogress of production, monitor productivity of production and warn if some issue will happen. This work evaluates a processing of a large amount of data and it shows different possibilities how to precalculate data. It also deals with a draft how to predict information from known data.

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) was developed from the fifties of the last century. Mainly used was for accounting. Another milestone was seventies when there was added functionality of material management. The biggest extensions came in the nineties when there was a significant increase of servers performance and ERP systems could be more complex. Suppliers began to develop new modules for Customer Relationship Management (CRM), analytics named Business Intelligence (BI), Warehouse Management System (WMS) and others. Expansion of Internet and secure connections began also cause of develop the Electronic Data Interchange (EDI). ERP systems are more complex so implementation of this systems are more complex too because it extends to most processes in the company. Implementation starts by selecting an ERP system in relation to the processes maps of the company. Then it is necessary to manage whole process of the implementation and write target concepts of each parts. Equally important is the data preparation and cleaning of data base for migrate to a new ERP system. After programming, editing and parameterization of the required functions and processes following phase of testing. If all goes as expected and acceptance document is approved, ERP system is prepared to productive mode.

This thesis deals with the implementation of the ERP system. The thesis is divided into theoretical knowledge and case study. Its aim is to develop a comprehensive search for applications such as ERP and its application to a specific case study. The theoretical part describes the characteristics and evolution of ERP systems. The practical part deals with a case study of the implementation of the specific ERP system.

The purpose of this Thesis was to create a framework of 11 risk factors, investigate which of them are the most critical for the company and to find relationships between them Research questions  What continuing risks will the company experience after ERP implementation? What relationships and measures can be constructed to better understand and manage risk factors of post-implementation? Some years ago ERP was a novelty in doing business, but nowadays companies have advanced from the implementation to the exploitation phase.  Discussions about ERP post-implementation have just started to appear and many researchers see it as a second wave of ERP research. Undesirable risks in post-implementation stage of ERP can affect not just ERP area, they can lead to a total business failure. ERP post-implementation is a very important topic that requires attention, because understanding potential risk factors and their dependence on each other can facilitate managing process and help to avoid negative consequences. Knowledge of the risks can help to bring forth better practices that are consistent with a company’s internal context.

Researchers and practitioners alike believe it is not until an organization expands their ERP system that they will reap the full benefits of it. The question of how to expand an ERP system beyond its core is investigated in this thesis. It is done by reviewing ERP research and comparing this with empirical data collected in a case study made at a focal company. The focal company is a member of the business network Automation Region. The case describes how the focal company moved from using an ERP system to where they now have an e-procurement system connected to their core ERP and has developed a sales process system which might become their e-commerce system in the future to take control of their supply chain as a whole. It shows how a process thinking view has aided them in putting the customer in focus and incorporating parts of the TQM philosophy. The conclusion reveals that it is crucial to understand and work with processes and there are motives and obstacles to consider when expanding an ERP system. It furthermore uncovers the importance of giving this expansion of the ERP system, the move beyond the core ERP, a proper name such as Extended ERP, eERP. It is important because then, when we understand the eERP fully, we will be ready for the next level of business which may very well be ERP2 or Second Generation ERP which incorporates entire business networks.

With the proliferation of Internet, ERP systems like all the domains of Information Technology have known an important evolution. This final thesis project is a study about the evolution of ERP systems, more precisely about their migration to the Web giving birth to a new generation of systems: the Web-Based or Web-enabled ERP systems. This migration to the Web is justified by the difficulty of making possible the communication between partner’s legacy systems and the organizations’ ERP systems. A historical evolution of these systems is presented in order to understand the reasons that lead vendors to adopt the Web Service Technology. Based on different studies, the main technologies such as Web services, Service-Oriented Architecture and Web Application server are also presented. From an interpretative research approach mySAP ERP has been chosen as a case study. This Master’s thesis has been led into AIRBUS France Company within the framework of the SAP Customer Competence Center (SAPCCC) Web site project. The project is aimed at re-building the SAPCCC Web site. The new characteristic of the Web site is to make it accessible by all AIRBUS partners working with SAP applications. To make the Web site accessible by the partners from their own applications located on their own platforms the development has been done thanks to mySAP ERP which is an ERP using the Web service technology. Finally, this thesis presents a comparative study between traditional ERP systems and the new generation of Web-based ERP systems.

Current trends in ERP system were studied by conducting research and analyzes to see to what degree are current ERP trends reflected in existing ERP solutions that are being developed by both Czech and multinational vendors. For the purposes of the research a set of hypotheses was formulated and used to analyze the selected solutions. The research found two trends that are represented in the majority of selected ERP solutions. The application of cloud computing technology and the suitability to use particular solutions as two-tiered ERP. It was also found that all researched vendors to a certain degree implement the principles of Green ICT, although no vendor specifically labeled their software as Green ERP. It was also found that the term Social ERP doesn't appear to be an acceptable term for ERP vendors, although Social ERP functionality of some degree was found to be present in ERP solutions from multinational vendors.

In diesem Beitrag lesen Sie: • welche Module die ERP-Lösungen aufweisen, • wie viele Projekte im Jahre 2007 durchgeführt wurden, • welches Alleinstellungsmerkmal die Systeme aus Sicht der Anbieter aufweisen.

Denna studie utforskar hur organisationer kan undvika tillkortakommanden vid ERP- implementationer. Studien bygger på två forskningsfrågor: i) “Hur arbetar projektledare med meningsgivande handlingar vid ERP-implementationer?” samt ii) “Vilka faktorer upplevs vara viktiga för systemanvändares meningsskapandet?”. För att besvara frågorna undersöker studien ERP-implementationer utifrån en socialkonstruktivistisk lins där teorin om meningsskapande appliceras. Studien bygger på en kvalitativ metod där 16 projektledare och systemanvändare inom åtta svenska organisationer intervjuats. Resultaten tyder på att projektledare använder fyra kommunikationskanaler i sitt meningsgivande: i) intranät/mail, ii) möten, iii) utbildningar samt iv) superanvändare. Vidare indikerar de även att de kanaler som möjliggjort social interaktion bidraget till en mer positiv uppfattning hos systemanvändarna. Systemanvändarnas meningsskapande upplevs påverkas av fem faktorer: i) generationstillhörighet, ii) förändringsförståelse, iii) avstånd till förändringen, iv) engagemang samt v) förändringskultur. Studien adderar till tidigare forskning genom att fördjupa kunskapen om hur ett socialkonstruktivistiskt synsätt kan användas för att studera ERP-implementationer.
This study explores how organizations can mitigate ERP failures. The study is based on two research questions: i) “How do project managers apply sensegiving during ERP implementations?”, and ii) “What aspects are perceived as important in the sensemaking process amongst systems users?”. Pursuing these questions, the study examines ERP implementations through a social constructivist lens and the theory of sensemaking. The study is based on a qualitative method, in which 16 project managers and system users, among eight Swedish organizations, are interviewed. The findings suggest that project managers use four channels of communication in their sensegiving: i) intranet/mail, ii) meetings, iii) education, and iv) superusers. It is also found that channels that enable social interaction contributes to more positive attitudes amongst system users. The sensemaking amongst system users is perceived to be affected by five aspects: i) generational affiliation, ii) understanding of change, iii) distance to change, iv) commitment, and v) change culture. The study adds to previous research by deepening the knowledge of how a social constructivist approach can be used to study ERP implementations.

Mobile Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) is still a very young topic which is in the pro-cess of developing in practice and research. Reviews of the topic of mobile ERP are lack-ing. The purpose of  this  thesis  is  to  investigate how the concept of “Mobile ERP” has evolved by reviewing scientific articles on the topic from 1998 until June 2013. The total amount of articles we found when using the search term “Mobile ERP” was 246 articles and we could access 129 articles. These are the articles used for the literature review. We found, based on a framework used in previous studies for ERP that there are nine topic categories in which the articles can be divided and each category has a different evolution-ary level compared to the research area of “non-mobile ERP”. Mobile ERP has a signifi-cantly smaller number of results compared to ERP which had 886 articles in Schlichter & Kraemmergaard (2010). The nine topic categories are the following: Implementation of Mobile ERP, Management and Mobile ERP issues, Mobile ERP and Supply Chain Management, Optimisation of Mo-bile ERP, Mobile ERP and education, Studying Mobile ERP, The mobile ERP Market and Industry, The Mobile ERP Tool and Other. The topic with the most articles is “The Mobile ERP tool” followed by the topic “Other”, in which we have included both articles that have no relevance and articles that are very general and which cannot be categorized in only one category clearly. In third place comes “Optimisation of Mobile ERP” followed by “Implementation of Mobile ERP”, “Manage-ment and Mobile ERP issues”, “The Mobile ERP market and industry”, “Mobile ERP and supply chain management”, “Studying Mobile ERP” and last comes “Mobile ERP and ed-ucation” which is the only topic in which we did not manage to categorize any articles.

A necessidade de gestão eficiente de recursos e informações criou nas empresas a demanda por investimentos cada vez maiores em tecnologia da informação e comunicação, buscando alcançarem vantagens competitivas sobre seus concorrentes de mercado. Nesse contexto surgiram os sistemas ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning - Sistemas Integrados de Gestão), caracterizados por oferecerem diversas funcionalidades capazes de dar suporte às operações do dia-a-dia das empresas e suas tomadas de decisão. Juntamente com os benefícios advindos desses sistemas, foram necessários elevados investimentos, tanto de tempo e dinheiro, como de recursos internos da empresa. Devido à esses contrapontos, alguns estudos procuraram discutir os benefícios gerados pela adoção dos sistemas ERP em relação aos custos envolvidos no seu processo de implantação. Tais estudos aplicaram diferentes formas de valor agregado por esses sistemas às empresas, encontrando também diferentes resultados. Nesse sentido, com o crescimento da importância dos sistemas ERP para as organizações e a cobrança, cada vez maior, por justificarem os investimentos feitos em projetos de implantação de um sistema ERP, faz-se necessário entender como as empresas avaliam o valor que esses sistemas lhes proporcionam. Para tanto, realizou-se um estudo de caráter descritivo e exploratório, por meio do estudo múltiplo de casos com duas empresas, buscando identificar como avaliam o valor proporcionado pelo sistema ERP. Foram encontrados durante a análise dos resultados diversos dos benefícios já relatados na literatura, apesar de não se ter identificado em nenhuma das empresas um processo formal de avaliação dos mesmos. Muitos dos benefícios identificados não puderam ser atribuídos aos sistemas ERP devido à falta de um processo de avaliação do valor desses sistemas, visto que as empresas não procuraram avaliar a situação anterior e posterior a implantação do mesmo. Em complemento, constatou-se que as empresas não identificam corretamente o valor entregue pelo sistema ERP. A partir dos resultados, conclui-se que a avaliação do valor dos sistemas ERP é um processo complexo, que exige da empresa um planejamento prévio para que possa identificar os benefícios e vantagens que espera obter do sistema, seu escopo de atuação e, que possa avaliar antes da decisão de adoção a adequação do sistema ERP à empresa e vice-versa. Em determinados casos, a subestimação do valor dos sistemas ERP ou a sua avaliação de maneira apenas informal, sem indicadores de desempenho pré-definidos, impede que a empresa realize todo o valor potencial do sistema.
The need of an efficient management of resources and information created in the companies the demand each time larger in information technology and communication searching to achieve competitive advantages over to its market competitors. On this context emerged the Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems, characterized for offer many features capable to give support to day-to-day companies operations and its decisions making. Along with the benefits provided from this systems were needed a high level of investment, both time and money as well as company intern resources. Due to this counterpoints some studies look to discuss the benefits generated for the ERP systems adoption in relation to the involved costs on its implementation process. These studies apply different evaluation forms for these systems to the enterprise finding also different results. On this way, with the grown of ERP systems importance to the organizations and the collection each time bigger to justify the investments made in projects and implementation of an ERP system, became necessary understand how the companies evaluate the value provided for this systems. For this, was realized a descriptive and exploratory study through multiple case study with two enterprises searching to identify how evaluate the value generated for the ERP system. It was found, during the result analysis, many benefits already related in the bibliography despise not identified in none company a formal process to evaluate these. Many of the identified benefits couldn´t be attributed to the ERP systems due to the lack of evaluate process of generated value once that companies doesn´t look to evaluate the before and after implementation moment situation. From the results, concludes that measure and evaluation of ERP system value is a complex process which demands from the company an previous planning which can be identified the benefits and advantages expected to obtain from the system, its acting focus and to evaluate before the adoption decision the adequacy of the system to the enterprise and contrariwise. In some cases the underestimated of ERP systems value or its only informal evaluate way, without performance indicators predefined, prevents the company to realize all its potential value from the system.

This thesis deals with the choice of ERP system from the perspective of companies engaged in the distribution of lighting signs. The theoretical part covers the concepts of ERP systems, current trends in ERP systems, different versions of these systems and the risks that may arise in this process. The practical part is focused on describing the distribution company, current ERP system that the company uses and the parameters that existing and new system have to comply. The primary aim of this thesis is to evaluate current ERP system offer on the market and to recommend the best suitable system for Dencop Lighting through decision matrix. For this part, methodology of analysis is used. The secondary aim is to asses risks that may arise in the process of changing ERP system.

An implementation project of an ERP system results in large changes. Organizations

that face an ERP implementation project have several risks to

consider in order to avoid problems that cause failures. The purpose of

this research is to extend existing models and create a method for implementation

of ERP systems. The method has then been employed to an

ongoing project at the department of Procurement and Supply at Ericsson

Mobile Platforms in Lund. Objectives for the research are to consider

which implementation strategy can be used and how an organization can

minimize risks.

The research approach and methodology is influenced by the qualitative

research method since it was necessary to gather qualitative facts instead

of quantitative facts. Included is also a case study due to the research is

executed within Ericsson Mobile Platforms in Lund.

There are two main opposite implementation strategies, Big Bang and

Step-by-Step. The choice of implementation strategy depends on number

of factors like the size of the organizations, complexity and resources.

A method of ERP implementation has been put forward as a result of the

integrated models. The method includes an overall model and a check list.

Risk identification is a problem that many implementation project faces, a

way to solve this is to make a careful risk analysis, a risk matirx with several

identified risks are putted forward throughout this study.

Teknologian vauhdikkaan kehityksen avustuksella ovat toiminnanohjaus- eli ERP-järjestelmät kehittyneet nykyiseen muotoonsa. Tämän työn tarkoituksena oli tutkia, kuinka ne sopivat johtamisen välineeksi ja miten niitä johtamisen apuvälineenä käytetään. Suurten yritysten globalisoitumisen myötä olemassa olevia tietoja eri toimintayksiköistä haluttiin yhdistää ja siirtää yhteiseen tietojärjestelmään. ERP-järjestelmien sisältämät eri toiminnalliset moduulit varastonhallinnasta taloushallintoon tarjosivat yrityksille hyvän työkalun niiden liiketoimintaan liittyvien tietojen keräämiseen ja tallentamiseen. Näiden tietojen sekä ERP-järjestelmissä olevien ohjelmistosovellusten avulla yrityksen johtamista pyritään helpottamaan ja tehostamaan. Tässä työssä tutkimusmenetelmänä käytettiin kirjallisuuskatsausta jo olemassa olevaan tutkimusaineistoon.

This diploma thesis deals with support employee's mobility in ERP systems. In the opening it describes contemporary trends in the use of mobile devices in companies, followed by overview of basic functionality, which is essential for deploying those devices in the enterprise environment. Next part is focused on the integration of mobile devices into enterprise architecture. It consists of description, how the information from identified ERP modules is made available for mobile devices. New activities are connected with mobile device integration, especially security and management. Therefore several options covering these activities are mentioned in this thesis. Last part provides study of company Diskus spol. s r.o., where two problems are being discussed - low support for field workers and missing security policies for mobile devices. Last contribution is the comparison of support for mobile devices in ERP systems from the selected Czech providers (ABRA Gx, Byznys ERP, Helios Orange, K2, Karat and Premier System).

In my thesis I deal mainly with the issue of selecting enterprise resource planning system. In the initial passage I describe the ERP systems in general, briefly map their history to the present and mention actual trends and provide categorization of ERP systems. Part of the first passage is devoted to actual trends in the area of implementation of ERP systems and analysis of the ERP market on national scale and worldwide as well. In the following part of thesis I deal with the ERP system selection procedure which is followed by recommended content of ERP inquiry document, analysis and categorization of inquiry documents which were freely available on the internet. This passage ends with chapter devoted to contracts under implementation of ERP system. The beginning of the practical part of my thesis contains short description of selected organization, history of its actual information system and its current status. Main part deals with the concept of the ERP system inquiry document for selected organization. Work ends with a brief summary of the findings and results.

This diploma thesis focuses on the problematics of providing ERP in Cloud. The main objectives of this thesis lie in either identification of the situation in the ERP market, provision of an outline of particular deployment models, evaluation of strong and weak parts of ERP in cloud in contractor's and customer's point of view and in charting of potential risks and chances for the area. Obtained theoretical findings are utilized in the practical part of the thesis. Its significant portion is dedicated to proposition of methodology for the selection of right ERP model supply. This is then used for the particular choice of Oracle JD Edwards implementation. To achieve these objectives author realizes an analysis of electronic and printed resources as well as consultations with experts and also uses his own practical experiencies from Algotech Corporation. The main contribution of this thesis is in the creation of comprehensive sum of problematics and in the formation of methodology for the right type of deployment selection. This is all considering the further application and verification on the example. Thesis is divided into five theme parts -- ERP, Cloud, ERP in Cloud, methodology and practical setting of the presented methodology.

Šiame darbe bus išanalizuoti pagrindiniai verslo valdymo sistemų diegimo modeliai ir apibendrintos jų charakteristikos. Darbo tikslas - apibendrinti esamus verslo valdymo sistemų diegimo modelius, tam kad jų diegimas taptų paprastesnis ir būtų sumažinta nesėkmingo adaptavimo rizika. Taip pat reikalinga pasiūlyti verslo valdymo sistemų diegimo metodiką, kurią būtų galima pritaikyti diegiant tokias sistemas. Diegiant ERP sistemas dažnai susiduriama su įvairiomis diegimo problemomis ir sunkumais. Pagrindinė jų - neteisingas sistemos integravimas ir adaptavimas prie konkretaus vartotojo poreikių, todėl reikalinga metodika padedanti šį procesą įvykdyti sklandžiai ir nepriekaištingai.
In this job the methods of Enterprise Resource Planning implementation and problems associated with a particular case of their adjustment are analyzed. The characteristics of these methods are summarized here. The most usable methods of Enterprise Resource Panning implementation are described here. The purpose of this job is to offer the optimum implementation method of Enterprise Resource Planning systems. Also it is necessary to generalize the main existing ERP implementation methods thereto its installation will be simpler and unfortunate adaptation risk will be reducing to the minimum.

Sammandrag Information flödar genom samtidens organisationer och behöver systematiskt kontrolleras. Genom att implementera Enterprise Resource Planning Systems, även kallat ERP-system, kan företag enklare samla upp, strukturera och utnyttja all denna flödande information i ett och samma informationssystem. Majoriteten av alla företag misslyckas dock att fullständigt integrera ERP-systemet med sina vardagliga rutiner. Tidigare forskning tyder på att den utbildning slutanvändarna får och ett kontinuerligt ifrågasättande av organisationens värderingar, även kallat double-loop learning (DLL), påverkar organisationens möjlighet till en fullständig integration. Genom en kvalitativ flerfallsstudie på olika företag inom detaljhandeln, alla användare av samma ERP-system, har denna studie undersökt vilken roll utbildningsfasen spelar för att DLL ska uppstå vid en ERP-implementation. Resultaten tyder på att den kunskap systemanvändarna förvärvar inom informella sammanhang i större utsträckning resulterar i DLL. Samtidigt har den formella utbildningens omfattning och djup fungerat som ett förutsättande fundament för informell utbildning. Framtida forskning skulle gynnas av att komplettera uppsatsens resultat via intervjustudie med observation som undersökningsmetod.

Master thesis is focused on how a change of Czech law affects functionality of information systems. Content of the work is describing a reactions of information systems suppliers to keep functionality with a current law. Thesis is focused on ERP systems especially SAP, Microsoft Dynamics and Helios. Defining of a new functionality is done by analyzing Value-added tax act, Electronic records of sales act and Accounting act. According to the change of accounting act we develop ad hoc application to keep duty defined by law.

Enterprise Resource Management (ERP) software is used by organizations to control accounting, manufacturing and customer processes. It is common practice that organizations use more than a singular ERP system and various modules from multiple ERP vendors in their business. Hence, there is a need to integrate systems and find technical solutions that allow the EPRs to communicate. This thesis presents the development of a Generic Integration Layer (GIL) that allows various available ERP systems to exchange data. The goal was to design and develop a module that could integrate different ERP modules, fill the data communication gaps among them, with the goal to minimize the need to use several commercial product for data integration purposes. The developed GIL allows flexible import from different file formats as well as provides verification and updates in a database management server. Moreover, it transforms data into a generic format based on XML that can be read by many modern ERPs.
Master Thesis
Development of a Generic Integration Layer for an ERP system

Trots att användarmedverkan är allmänt erkänd som en kritisk framgångsfaktor vid ERP-implementeringar ger litteraturen en begränsad insyn i huranvändarmedverkan kan samordnas och stödjas inom ERP-implementeringar.Användarmedverkan innebär att användarna är delaktiga vid aktiviteter somframtagning av kravspecifikation, testning av ERP-system och utbildning under ettimplementeringsprojekt. Om fel tillvägagångssätt används vid ERPimplementeringarkan det leda till att användarna uppmanas till att medverka meninte får möjlighet att påverka ett ERP-system. Anledningen till att användare intealltid får medverka kan bero på brist på tid samt resurser. Ifall användarna fårmöjlighet att påverka ökar både acceptans, engagemang och användningsnivån avERP-systemet. Användare måste förstå varför ett ERP-system implementeras ochvilka möjligheter som medföljer eftersom det är användarna som slutligen arbetar idet. Syftet med studien är att bidra med kunskap kring hur användarmedverkan kangenomföras vid ERP-implementeringar och vilken påverkan användarna kan ha påERP-system. För att undersöka hur användare kan medverka vid ERPimplementeringarställdes frågan: “Hur kan användarmedverkan genomföras vid ERP-implementeringar?”Frågeställningen har studerats genom en kvalitativ intervjustudie. Respondenterna istudien kommer från olika företag där de har implementerat ett ERP-system underde senaste fem till åtta åren. Sammanlagt har sju intervjuer genomförts på fem olikaföretag. Resultatet mynnar ut i en beskrivning av hur en ledning kan samordna förbred involvering av användare samt en beskrivning av aktiviteter som användare kanmedverka i vid ERP-implementeringar för att möjliggöra användares engagemangoch påverkan på ERP-systemet.
Despite user participation being widely recognized as a critical success factor in ERP implementations, the literature provides a limited insight into how user participationcan be coordinated and supported in ERP-implementations. User participationimplies that users participate in activities such as preparation of specifications ofrequirements, testing of ERP-systems and training during the implementationproject. If the wrong methods are used in ERP-implementation it can cause the usersto be asked to participate but do not get the opportunity to influence the ERP-system.The reason why users do not always get to participate may be due to lack of time andresources. If users get the opportunity to influence it increases both acceptance,involvement and level of use of the ERP-system. Users must understand why an ERPsystemis implemented and the opportunities that comes with it because it is the userswho ultimately works in the ERP-system. The purpose of the study is to contributeknowledge about how user involvement is performed in ERP-implementations andthe influence that the users can have on ERP-system. In order to research how userscan participate in ERP implementations this studies question is:"How can user participation be performed in ERP implementations?"The issue has been studied by a qualitative interview study. Respondents in the studycome from different companies where they have implemented an ERP-system duringthe past five to eight years. A total of seven interviews were conducted in five differentcompanies. The result leads to a description of how management can coordinatebroad involvement of users and a description of activities that users can participatein ERP implementations to enable user engagement and influence.

Affärssystem skapar fördelar samt påverkar företags finansiella prestationer. Affärssystem är därför ett viktigt medel för företag vid deras ekonomistyrning. Trots detta visar tidigare studier att det finns problem med att realisera fördelarna. Tidigare studier har främst fokuserat på andra faser än post-implementationsfasen, den fas där fördelarna realiseras. Därtill varierar det i existerande utvärderingsmodeller av affärssystem vad som bör utvärderas samt en brist i förklaringen av varför företag bör utvärdera affärssystem i post-implementationsfasen. Dessa brister kan vara en anledning till att företag inte utvärderar sina affärssystem, då det är oklart vilka värden som utvärdering ger företag. Syftet med denna fallstudie är därför att empiriskt utforska vilka värden som utvärdering av affärssystem i post-implementationsfasen ger företag. Vi har genomfört semistrukturerade intervjuer med representanter från fyra företag och med fyra affärssystemskonsulter. Studien visar att företag vid utvärdering bör se verksamhet och affärssystem som en entitet. Passformen mellan verksamhet och affärssystem måste vara stark för att företag ska erhålla önskade fördelar från affärssystemet. Vidare visar studien att det uppstår olika former av gap i verksamheter. Gap är de unika behov som företag behöver åtgärda för att nå önskad passform mellan affärssystem och verksamhet. Vår viktigaste slutsats är att företag får två värden av att utvärdera affärssystem i post-implementationsfasen, vilka är styrningsvärdet och förbättringsvärdet.
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems creates benefits and affect corporate financial performance. ERP is therefore an important means for the financial management in companies. Despite this, previous studies show that there are problems realizing the benefits from ERP. Previous studies have mainly focused on phases other than the post-implementation phase, which is the phase where ERP benefits are realized. In addition to this, existing evaluation models of ERP varies in what should be evaluated and also lack in explanation of why companies should evaluate ERP in the post-implementation phase. These shortages may be a reason that companies do not evaluate their ERP since it is unclear which values companies obtain from evaluation. The purpose of this case study is to empirically explore what values companies obtain from evaluating ERP in the post-implementation phase. We conducted semi-structured interviews with representatives from four companies and with four ERP consultants. The study shows that when doing evaluations companies should view business and ERP as one entity. The fit between the business and the ERP must be strong for companies to obtain desired benefits from the ERP system. The study also shows that different forms of gaps emerge in businesses. Gaps are the unique needs that companies must address in order to achieve the desired fit between business and ERP. Our main conclusion is that companies obtain two values from evaluating ERP in the post-implementation phase, which are the governance value and the improvement value.

Syftet med uppsatsen har varit att undersöka framgångsfaktorer vid införandet av ERP-system i olika företag. Både kundernas och leverantörens syn på framgångsfaktorer vid införandet har klargjorts.

Min empiriska undersökning har utförts på fem olika företag och jag har intervjuat totalt fem personer som samtliga haft mycket centrala roller vid ERP-införandena. Vid intervjuerna har jag använt mig av kvalitativ ansats där informanterna har fått berätta relativt fritt om vad de uppfattat kunna påverka framgången med införandet av ERP-systemen. Jag analyserade det insamlade materialet med hjälp av empirinär kvalitativ bearbetning, i form av innehållsanalys.

Undersökningens resultat visar att kunderna och leverantören inte ser helt lika på vilka faktorer som bidrar till framgång. Det finns dock några tydliga samband mellan leverantörens och kundens syn på framgångsfaktorer. Samsyn ligger i att kunden ska göra en dokumenterad processmappning av verksamhetens före och efterläge vilket leder till att leverantörens arbete underlättas och implementeringen av systemet kommer igång snabbare. Vidare samsyn finns kring det faktum att kunden ska förbereda sig på den kommande förändringen genom att utbilda personalen i handhavandet av systemet samt ge personalen ökad förståelse kring förändringsproblematiken. Detta leder till större engagemang hos kunden och snabbare acceptans av systemet i företaget.

The purpose of this report has been to investigate successfactors when implementing ERP-systems in different companies. The opinion of both the supplier and the customer’s point of view about the successfactors has been explained.

The empiricalstudy has included five different companies and a total of five persons. I have used a qualitative approach during the different interviews. The material from the interviews was analysed with the qualitative method content analysis.

The study shows the supplier and the customers both have and have not the same opinion about which successfactors to consider when implementing. There are a few obvious connections between the supplier and the customer’s point of view. They agree about the importance of linking business processes and information to the system in the feasibility study. This will lead to an easier and more rapid implementation phase. They also agree about the importance of educating the personal, both in practical skills of the system and also information of the reactions of change in the organisation. This will lead to a greater engagement from the customer and quicker system acceptance.

In modern society, organizations are fighting each other through various means and tools in an ever-changing market at an increasing pace. One such tool is the Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) System which aims to collect the necessary applications an organization need into one system. Although the ERP solution has become more mature over the years, researchers suggest that value gained from them have become progressively difficult to iso-late, difficult to measure and challenging to realize. It was therefore in the interest of the authors to investigate the domain of value realization in ERP projects. To complete such a study we selected an inductive approach, focusing on acquiring and us-ing qualitative data and through the practice of behavioral science and design science con-tribute to existing theories. By studying existing theories and models in topics such as change management, enterprise resource planning & critical success factors and benefit management, we supported our primary data gathering and finally our the creation of our artifact. The result from this study points to a number of important components that are needed to realize value in an ERP project. These identified components include a clear structure in the project, commitment from the clients, and communication to name a few. There were also challenges with realizing value, some of them dealing with change man-agement and the difficulty in finding appropriate measures. Even client commitment proved to be a challenge for realizing value.

Enterprice Resource Planning (ERP) är ett område inom IT som har utvecklats enormt de sista åren. Utvecklingen av IT har gjort att förutsättningen för att arbeta med ERP-system har ändrats från att ha varit bunden till att sitta vid sin arbetsplats i företagets lokaler till att i stort sett kunna sitta var som helst i världen och nå all nödvändig information som behövs. ERP-systemen erbjuder stöd för i stort sett alla processer i företaget och kan rätt använt effektivisera verksamheten avsevärt. Det finns dock ett område som fortfarande är relativt underutvecklat; stöd för ett effektivt miljöarbete.Hållbar utveckling är ett begrepp som myntades redan i slutet på 1980-talet då problemet att jordens resurser är begränsade uppmärksammades. På senare tid har arbete med hållbar utveckling kommit att bli en förutsättning för en organisations överlevnad. Det ställs höga krav på att företag ska rapportera sin påverkan och beskriva det miljöarbete som bedrivs för sina intressenter. Idag är detta arbete uppbyggt på att information hämtas från ett flertal olika system och parter. Det finns möjligheter att använda moduler i ERP-systemet som erbjuder visst stöd för miljöarbete, men medvetenheten om att det faktiskt finns en koppling mellan ERP-system och hållbart arbete är svag.Denna studie baseras på ett kvalitativt forskningsarbete med djupgående och grundliga intervjuer med tre kundföretag samt två större ERP-leverantörer. Den baseras även på en grundlig genomgång av befintlig teori i ämnet. I studien argumenteras för de möjligheter som finns för att kunna utveckla ett effektivt och användbart stöd för hållbarhetsarbete i ERP-system. Studien visar att bristen på standarder kring redovisning av miljöinformation och att företag sällan använder ERP-systemen i sin helhet är ett stort hinder. Även det faktum att större företag arbetar som isolerade öar utan att samarbeta för att kunna utforma krav för hur de vill att ERP-systemet ska stödja miljöarbetet är ett problem i sammanhanget. Studiens resultat visar att stödet för hållbarhetsarbete i ERP-system måste byggas in i systemet för att bli en naturlig del av arbetet. Även automatisering av informationsflödet och anpassningar av redan befintliga branschlösningar är viktiga komponenter för en effektiv utveckling av stöd för hållbarhetsarbete.
Program: Dataekonomutbildningen

Mestrado em Gestão de Sistemas de Informação
O investimento das empresas na formação dos seus trabalhadores tem sido cada vez maior com o objetivo de aumentar a vantagem competitiva no mercado. A necessidade de o capital humano estar atualizado e informado leva a que exista uma maior partilhar do conhecimento entre os colaboradores da empresa de forma a aumentar a sua produtividade no trabalho e prestar melhores serviços aos clientes. Neste sentido, as organizações que prestam serviços de formação deparam-se com a dificuldade de motivar e cativar os formandos nas formações em formato presencial bem como em e-learning. Com o presente projeto pretende-se encontrar uma solução para o problema identificado que passa pela utilização de gamificação como meio de envolver e incentivar os formandos a concluir as formações e alcançar melhores resultados. De forma a atingir este objetivo, são apresentadas as características de um sistema gamificado e uma framework para a implementação. Neste contexto, foi desenvolvido um protótipo gamificado e testada a sua aplicabilidade à formação certificada em e-learning. Os resultados obtidos evidenciam que a utilização de componentes de gamificação nas formações influencia positivamente a motivação e o envolvimento dos formandos.
Nowadays, companies continuously increase the amount of money they spend on employee development, with the purpose of boosting their competitive advantage in the market. Workforce is being demanded to obtain industry relevant know-how as well as awareness to be able to adapt to changing legal requirements, which require companies to transfer vital knowledge to their employees in order to expand on the job productivity and offer higher quality services. Therefore, organizations that provide employee development services come across with difficulty in motivating and winning employees both in person and in e-learning environments. The goal of this project is to identify the solution to above raised issue, which results in using gamification as a mean of involving and incentivizing employees to finish the development program and achieve best results. In order to attain this objective, characteristics of a gamification system as well as implementation framework are presented. Furthermore, a prototype was developed and the suitability was tested in certified e-learning setting. The results highlight the positive influence of various gamification components on student involvement and motivation.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Робота об’ємом 63 сторінок, яка містить 4 ілюстрацій, 8 таблиць, 20 джерел за переліком посилань. Актуальність роботи визначається потребою аналізу та визначення обсягу інвестицій в безпеку інформації організації, що з огляду на необхідність проведення низки економічних досліджень та розрахунків обумовлює можливу доцільність залучення до їх виконання ERP-системи організації. Мета роботи дослідження та аналіз ефективності інвестицій в інформаційну безпеку організації шляхом залучення до аналізу ERP-системи. Об’єкт дослідження застосування ризикоорієнтованого підходу для розрахунку інвестицій в інформаційну безпеку організації. Предмет дослідження методологія розрахунку інвестицій в інформаційну безпеку організації та доведення доцільності застосування у розрахунках ERP-системи. Методи дослідження є оброблення інформаційних джерел, стандартів за даною темою, практик ризикоорієнтованого аналізу. Практичне значення одержаних результатів є одержані результати можуть бути використані при плануванні інвестицій в інформаційну безпеку на підприємствах.
Work in volume of 63 pages, which contains 4 illustrations, 7 tables, 20 sources under the list of links. Actuality of work: is determined by the need to analyse investment in the safety of information in the production by putting into operation the ERP system to determine its efficiency in terms of risk-oriented approach. Purpose: to research and analyse the effectiveness of investments in information security of the enterprise by putting into operation of the ERP system. Object of research: methodology of calculation of investments in ERP system for review of risk-oriented approach. Subject of research: methodology for calculating investment in the ERP system. Object of research: methodology of investing in the ERR system in terms of a risk-oriented approach. Method of research: processing of information sources, standards on the given topic, practices of risk-oriented analysis. The practical value of the results obtained: the results obtained can be used to plan investments in information security at enterprises.

We are living at times, when information became one of the most – if not the most – required “product”. All the companies which want to survive, be productive and effective on the market sooner or later understand the value of information systems. In the near past a well configured and stable IS was an advantage, this is not the case nowadays. The competition is ruthless and managers realized that specialized information systems are needed to stay in the game. Because of these systems covers the complete company’s business they are extremely complex and without appropriate support they would be almost completely useless. The main objective of this thesis is to provide detailed information about the support of ERP systems and services provided after successful implementation.

The submitted diploma thesis talks about evolutionary stage of classical CRM solution called Social CRM (also known as CRM 2.0 or SCRM). The goal of this work is to map a current offer at the market with SCRM and to compare it with the demand of Czech companies. The theoretical part explains all the basic terms associated with the topic, a short history and current evolution on the market. The work also identifies summary of various groups of Social CRM tools, which are currently widely used and tries to outline their functions. The main part of the study is the practical section which contains two kinds of surveys. First is devoted to Social CRM in terms of current and potential users of social networks for small and medium-sized enterprises in Czech Republic. The goal of the second survey is to discover the current situation and future evolution of Social CRM among suppliers of ERP solu-tions. Results from these two surveys are presented and widely discussed.

The diploma thesis called The selection and deployment software for production planning and control, to clear up the basic principles associated with the company’s information and control systems and with the company‘s processes viewed from the point of production. The diploma thesis deals with the theoretical description of the ERP systems and the principal planning and production methods. In the practical part the implementation of the new controlling ERP system at the PBS company is described.

Las empresas actualmente trabajan con sistemas de información para agilizar sus procesos, tales como los sistemas de información gerencial, de apoyo a las decisiones, los sistemas ERP, entre otros. En este caso la investigación se enfoca en los sistemas de planificación de recursos empresariales (ERP), que son sistemas que integran y manejan los procesos de negocios (manera de coordinar y organizar actividades para elaborar un producto) que hay en las áreas funcionales de una organización; estos sistemas les proporcionan a las empresas mejor comunicación entre sus departamentos y mayor fiabilidad en la información por lo cual son de gran importancia para las organizaciones, ya que además esto hace que la productividad de la organización aumente significativamente.

ERP-system (Enterprise Resource Planning Systems) spelar en allt större roll för organisationer och att implementeringen av dem blir framgångsrika är av stor betydelse för ett företag. Det finns exempel där en misslyckad implementeringsprocess medfört att hela företag försatts i konkurs. Följaktligen har flera studier gjorts gällande ERP-implementeringar. Ibland syftar artiklarna till att visa på rekommenderade tillvägagångssätt genom att redogöra för implementeringens kritiska framgångsfaktorer – de moment, aktiviteter eller liknande som genom studien identifierats som avgörande för en framgångsrik implementering. Majoriteten av studierna har berört organisationer i privat sektor. Författarna till denna uppsats ansåg att det fanns starka argument för att dessa studiers resultat inte med nödvändighet är applicerbara på organisationer i offentlig sektor, utan att de kritiska framgångsfaktorerna kan skilja sig åt eller ha olika prioriteringsgrad i respektive sektor. Att studera huruvida kritiska framgångsfaktorer och framgångsmått kan skiljas åt och prioriteras olika torde vara av vikt för implementeringar av ERP-system. Denna uppsats är uppstånden av denna anledning, att söka finna kritiska faktorer i implementeringen av ERP-system för organisationer i offentlig sektor.

This paper deals with the implementation of open source ERP systems in the area of small and medium-sized enterprises. The main objective of this work is to define an open source ERP implementation methodology, suitable for small and medium enterprises. This objec-tive is fulfilled partially by defining of manifesto, as way of thinking about this area and analysis of current state of available implementation methodologies. Newly described met-hodology is then verified by a case study. The main contribution of this work is the defini-tion of implementation methodology for open source ERP systems in area of SME focusing on frequently occurring insufficiencies and leading to successful deployment of company IS.

Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to describe and analyse the factors that contribute to the successful ERP system implementation, the stakeholders of ERP system and how these stakeholders are related to CSFs of ERP system implementation. Design/ methodology/ approach: The research methodology approach chosen for this research is based on reality and clear research which includes qualitative and quantitative method for collecting and analysing data. Data for this research consists of secondary data, gathered by conducting a critical literature review of research papers published by journals, magazines and books.  The content analysis and comparative study methods are used to analyse data. Findings: Seventeen CSFs that are considered to contribute to ERP implementation success have been identified in accordance with their prioritization where twelve of them have been described; by analyzing some widely accepted in prior researches. Three stakeholders of ERP such as “Top management, IT professionals and End-users” have been identified and their involvement in the ERP implementation has been described. The result revealed that several CSFs of ERP such as “user training and involvement, ERP teamwork and selection of ERP are directly related to End-users”. The findings also revealed that Top management are related to majority of CSFs such as “top management support and commitment, change management, business plan and vision, system quality, project management, effective communication plan, selection of ERP, monitoring and focused performance evaluation, project champion, and business and IT infrastructure”. The result from analysis also showed a correlation between IT professionals and several CSFs such as “selection of ERP, system quality, user training and involvement, post-implementation evaluation, business plan and vision, change management, ERP teamwork, effective communication plan, and business and IT infrastructure”.

Studies in recent years have revealed the challenges involved in deploying ERP solutions due to its complexity. Before attempting to implement ERP systems, it is essential to study various aspects such as project management, training, and change management in detail to manage the associated risks. When an ERP project is undertaken with insufficient planning, it may result in failure to integrate business processes and in substantial financial loss. Research has been pursued to identify critical risk/failure factors that may arise during implementation and the measures that should be taken to manage them. However, there is lack of research in identifying the management of critical risk/failure factor using a structured methodology. This raises a question of ‘can a structured methodology identify and manage critical risk/failure factors and support deploying ERP solutions with a better quality?’ A study of Microsoft Sure Step Methodology is performed to identify critical risk/failure factors that frequently occur during ERP implementation. These factors are derived from 8 articles. On determining critical risk/failure factors, we investigated if Sure Step methodology likely contains procedures that approach these factors.

Сучасний стан економічних відносин та рівень активізації євроінтеграційних процесів викликають необхідність долучення України до єдиного інформаційного простору у сфері управління бізнес-структурами. Одним з напрямів вирішення такої задачі є використання сучасних інформаційно-аналітичних технологій, найбільш потужним інструментом з яких на сьогодні є SAP-технології.

Introduction: Open Source ERP is considered as a viable alternative of proprietary ERP paradigm. Open Source ERP is getting more and more acceptance among Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs) recently. Majority of Proprietary ERP vendors are changing their strategy nowadays and extend their focus on SMEs, even though SMEs are not that interested in Proprietary ERP systems. The factors that may motivate SMEs to select an Open Source ERP over proprietary ERP are not identified empirically in previous researches. Few researches raised the issue of cost and thus proposed that Open Source ERP is appropriate for SMEs. The other factors than cost involved in the selection process are yet to investigate empirically.

Purpose: The overall purpose of this thesis work is to contribute in knowledge domain of Open Source ERP. Open Source ERP is an emergent area but it has the potential to attract many organizations to implement this kind of ERP Systems. The issue under investigation throughout this research will be the selection process of Open Source ERP in Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs). The focus will be to identify mutually most important factors, from the perspective of SMEs and Suppliers that may motivate the Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs) to select OS ERP.

Method: Data obtained from the respondents is quantified in the research. Information gathered from the SMEs who have implemented Open Source ERP and from the Suppliers through web based survey. Two separate questionnaires comprised of various questions related to different factors in selecting of Open Source ERP solutions were made and sent to both SMEs and Suppliers of Open Source ERP. Opinion from an Open Source ERP expert is obtained regarding different factors motivate SMEs to select Open Source ERP. The results obtained from respondents through empirical findings were analyzed thereafter.

Conclusions: SMEs were investigated regarding the importance of various rationales when they were selecting Open Source ERP solutions. The degree of importance of various factors in selection process might be diverse from organization to organization. It might be dependent on the size, geographical location of the organization or many other issues. Despite all this, there might be some common factors that may be always considered as foremost factors which influence SMEs to select an Open Source ERP over proprietary ERP.

Thesis (MBA) -- Stellenbosch University, 2006.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The main objective with this study was to analyse and evaluate the strategies employed by South African Breweries in the implementation of ERP systems with specific reference to the Strategic Enterprise Management (SEM) model. The study would have further identified the key success factors of implementing ERP systems and state the reasons for ERP system implementation failure. The combination of intense global compeution and powerful new information technologies has led to a rush toward ERP systems and intensified efforts to re-engineer organisational processes. Although most ERP systems are justified on the basis that they integrate disparate organisational systems or standardise organisational processes on best practice, most businesses find that the costs and risks are significantly more than benefits during the early stages following implementation of an ERP system. Some businesses have however been able to transform their supply chain processes as result of ERP implementation. Businesses must overcome daunting challenges fn order to generate value from ERP systems. ERP systems typically consist of modules, each with functionality relating to organisational functions, such as production, finance, human resources and logistics. Development and sales of ERP systems rapidly increased between 1992 and 1999 when most large corporations, which could typically make use of these systems, installed these systems. The market has recently slowed down and ERP software developers now face strong competition and are challenged to find new ways to differentiate products from those of competitors. New information systems have been developed to complement and even replace ERP systems such as Advanced Planning Systems (APS) and Supply Chain Management systems (SCM). The successful implementation of ERP systems are largely dependant on the way that a company approaches, considers and implements ERP systems. It is important to note that ERP systems implementations are not just another IT project or project implementation, but has a human element attached to the implementation process that is centric to the success of the implementation process. The study concluded that the top contributor for a successful ERP implementation is getting the employees and all persons in the process involved, on board and motivated by the process of implementation. Other important factors are a strong commitment from upper management as an implementation involves significant alterations to existing business practices, issues related to reengineering the business processes and integrating the other business applications to the ERP backbone. Upper and middle management plays a key role in managing the change that ERP brings into an organisation. It must be noted that once implemented, an ERP system is difficult and expensive to undo. In addition organisations may have to implement custom applications in addition to the ERP software as no single ERP solution can satisfy all the business needs. It is apparent that most ERP implementation successes are attributable to excellent planning, employee involvement and effective communication. Thus it is imlXlrtant for an organisation to have the above as top priorities in ERP implementation. Successful ERP implementation will be greatly enhanced if the employees are properly involved in the process and are given the necessary recognition and respect they deserve. Without dedicated employees to implement and apply the system, the organisation will be wasting its resources and capital on a system that will never be fully utilised. Although an ERP implementation effort can be completed by consultants, problems will arise if the proper employees are not available to sUPlXlrt the project. The trained employees who grow with the system and make the system expand and evolve with the company, will be true assets of the company and more than worth the investment.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doelwit van die studie was om die strategie toegepas deur Suid Afrikaanse Brouery tydens implementering van Ondememing Hulpbron Beplanning (OHS) stelsels te analiseer en evalueer met 'n spesiale fokus op die Strategiese Ondememing Bestuur (SOB) model. Die studie identifiseer ook die sleutel sukses faktore vir die implementering van aHS stelsels en bespreek die redes vir onsuksesvolle aHB stelsel impJementering. Die kombinasie van intense globale kompetisie en kragtige nuwe inligtingstelsels het aanleiding gegee tot 'n toename in aHB stelsels en het gelei tot hemude fokus op proses herstrukturering. Nieteenstaande die feit dat meeste aHB stelsels geregverdig kan word op grand van hulle integrasie van losstaande organisasie stelsels of standaardisasie van organisasie prosesse en beste praktyke, vind die meeste besighede dat die koste en risiko tydens die eerste fases na implementering betekenisvol meer is as die voordele. Sommige besighede was egter in staat om hulle verskaffingsketting prosesse te transformeer deur die implementering van aHB stelsels. Besighede moet egter oorweldigende uitdagings oorkom om waarde te genereer met aHB stelsels. aHB stelsels betaan tipies un verskeie modules, met elkeen funksionaliteite wat betrekking het op die besigheids funksies soos produksie, finansies, menslike hupbronne en logistiek. Die ontwikketing en verkope van aHB stelsels het drasUes toegeneem sedert 1992 tot 1999 toe meeste groot besighede wat kon gebruik maak van die stelsels, dit implementeer het. Die mark het onlangs afgeneem en aHB sagteware ontwikkelaars word nou gekonfronteer met strawwe kompetisie en moet nuwe maniere vind om hulle prod uk te onderskei van die kompetisie. Nuwe inligting stelsels is ontwikkel wat bestaande aHB stelsels komplimenteer en selts vervang soos byvoorbeeld Gevorderde Beplanning Stelsels (GBS) en Verskaffingketting Bestuur stelsels (VKB). Die suksesvolle implementering van aHB stelsels is grootHks afhanklik van die wyse waarop 'n besigheid OHB stelsels benader, oorweeg en implementeer. Dit is belangrik om in gedagte te hou dat OHB stelsel impfementering nie net nog 'n IT projek of projek implememtering is nie, maar dat daar 'n menslike element in die implementering proses betrokke is wat 'n kernfaktor in die sukses van die implementering is. Die studie het tot die slotsom gekom dat die hoof bydraende faktor tot suksesvolle implementering van OHB stelsels is om wer1<.nemers en aile relevante persone Ie betrek en te motiveer met die implementerings proses. Ander belangrike faktore sluit in onderneming van senior bestuur aangesien implementering bekenisvolle veranderinge aan bestaande praktyke behels asook die herontwerp van besigheids prosesse en integrasie van ander besigheids toepassings. Middel en senior bestuur het 'n integrale rol in die bestuur van verandering wat OHB stelsels in die firma teweeg bring. Dit is belangrik om kennis te neem dat OHB stelsels na implementering moeilik en teen hoe koste ongedaan gemaak kan word. Besighede mag selfs nodig he om addisionele toepassings te implementeer aangesien geen OHB sagteware stelsels aan aile besigheidsbehoeftes kan voldoen nie. Dit is duidelik dat die meeste OHB implementering suksesse toegeskryf kan word aan uitstekende beplanning, werknemer betrokkenheid en effektiewe kommunikasie. Dit is dus noodsaaklik vir die firma om begenoemde as die hoogste prioiriteite vir die implementering van OHB stelsels na te volg. Suksesvolle OHB stelsel implementering word grootliks bevorder indien die werknemers deeglik betrokke is in die proses, asook die nodige erkenning en respek ontvang. S~nder toegewyde werknemers om die stelsel Ie implementeer en toe te pas sal die organisasie hulpbronne en kapitaal vermors op 'n stelsel wat nooil ten volle benut sal word nie. AJhoewel OHB implementering gekomplimenteer kan word deur konsultante sal daar probleme ontstaan indien die toepaslike werknemers nie beskikbaar is om die projek te ondersteun nie. Die opgeleide werknemer wat saam met die stelsel groei en wat die stelsel help uitbrei en ontwikkel saam met die organisasie is 'n ware aanwins vir die firma en meer as die belegging werd

Denna explorativa studie beskriver hur den interna kontrollen i organisationer kan påverkas under implementeringen av ett ERP system. Intern kontroll är en del av organisationens ekonomistyrning och består av organisationens rutiner och aktiviteter för att undvika risker och säkerställa att organisationens mål uppfylls. Eftersom implementeringen av ett ERP system är en riskfylld process är det viktigt att förstå hur den interna kontrollen påverkas. För att undersöka detta används i studien ramverket Internal Control - Integrated framework. Datainsamlig genomfördes på en stor IT-organisation där ERP systemet Navision 2009 implementeras och 10 respondenter från olika avdelningar intervjuades. Studiens resultat indikerar att den interna kontrollen främst påverkas negativt under implementeringen av ett ERP system. Enligt studien beror det främst på att personalens användarkompetens i systemet är bristfällig och att det finns tekniska brister i ERP systemet som gjort att det inte fungerat optimalt under implementeringen.