Relevant bibliographies by topics / Ergonomics tools and methods

Academic literature on the topic 'Ergonomics tools and methods'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Ergonomics tools and methods"

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Lowe, Brian, Patrick Dempsey, and Evan Jones. "Assessment Methods Used by Certified Ergonomics Professionals." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 62, no. 1 (September 2018): 838–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931218621191.

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This paper reports findings from a web-based survey of professional ergonomists with certification through recognized organizations in English-speaking countries (USA, Canada, UK, Australia, and New Zealand). The purpose of the survey is to update knowledge on the types of basic tools and direct and observational assessment methods used by ergonomic practitioners. These results focus on prevalence and frequency of use for 23 ergonomic assessment methods and how ergonomists report using them (pencil and paper, computer software, mobile devices, other). N=405 ergonomists responded to the survey, representing a 34% participation rate. The NIOSH Lifting Equation is the most widely used assessment method, used by 86.9% of responding ergonomists. The findings indicate opportunities for development of mobile interfaces (“apps”) by which assessment methods can be deployed electronically. Only 25% of professionals reported using mobile apps, and several frequently used methods are predominantly used in “pencil and paper” format.
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Hanson, Lars. "Computerized Tools for Human Simulation and Ergonomic Evaluation of car Interiors." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 44, no. 38 (July 2000): 836–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120004403842.

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Cars are a media fulfilling vital part of the society's need of transports as well as representing an icon of the technical development by underlining critical aspects of man and machine interface. However, various studies show that drivers experience pain and fatigue and also get disorders due to frequent or longterm driving at poor body postures. Through integration of ergonomics into the early design phase these issues can be minimized. Comfort and safety are of special importance when designing car interiors. Comfort is complex. Interior parameters such as; aesthetics, cabin space, ease of reaching controls, luminance, noise, odor, seat design, styling, climate and vibration affect the driving experience. Perceived comfort is to some extent possible to replicate by computer simulation of the human being, which at the same time could illuminate ergonomics by means of various ergonomic evaluation methods in some case integrated in these tools. This paper is a survey of such three tools, ANNIE-Ergoman, JACK and RAMSIS, used for human simulation and ergonomic evaluation. By these tools it is possible to evaluate clearance, comfort, field of vision and reach. The tools are compared and the comparison shows that all three tools have great potential in evaluating car interiors ergonomically in the early design phase. But the comparison also highlights differences between these tools and areas where one tool is superior the other. The paper points on areas as: manikins' skin representation and manikin's movements require further improvements. The paper also underlines the importance having tool-users with insight in the ergonomic evaluation methods. Furthermore, enhancement of the ergonomic evaluation methods and the integration between simulation and ergonomic evaluation methods are also needed.
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Gajšek, Brigita, Anca Draghici, Maria Elena Boatca, Alin Gaureanu, and Diana Robescu. "Linking the Use of Ergonomics Methods to Workplace Social Sustainability: The Ovako Working Posture Assessment System and Rapid Entire Body Assessment Method." Sustainability 14, no. 7 (April 5, 2022): 4301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14074301.

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This article concretizes the continuous development of social sustainability in organizations based on ergonomics methods and tools, among others. Numerous scientific studies have already revealed many reasons for justifying balanced efforts towards organizational sustainability, including its economic, social, and environmental dimensions. Because the social dimension is recognized as the weakest and is often neglected, it is placed at the forefront of the present research. The link between social sustainability in the workplace and the ergonomics concept is provided through 17 underlying indicators of the workplace sustainability framework proposed in a previous study. The OWAS and REBA ergonomic risk assessment methods were used in a toolmaking company to study how results can be used directly or indirectly to determine the size or value of indicators used in the sustainability framework. The research finds that direct use of the OWAS and REBA results is not possible, but it is certain that the implementation of proposals in response to identified levels of risk affects up to four out of five factors that constitute the sustainability framework. The use of OWAS and REBA is not suitable to address environmental concerns. This study encourages companies to use ergonomic methods and tools to develop social sustainability in the workplace. It is often necessary to decide between the pen-and-paper approach and an advanced one using artificial intelligence (e.g., supported by the ErgoIA software tool). Not only the method but also the technique chosen affects the degree of sustainability achieved. Finally, relevant aspects of knowledge exploitation in the field of ergonomic education for social sustainability were summarized.
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Halei, M., I. Dzubanovsky, and I. Marchuk. "Methods of simultaneous laparoscopic treatment of gallstone disease with inguinal hernia and their effectiveness." Reports of Vinnytsia National Medical University 24, no. 4 (December 28, 2020): 653–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31393/reports-vnmedical-2020-24(4)-16.

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Annotation. Aim of work – to define and evaluate visualization and ergonomics during single laparoscopic operations and simultaneous laparoscopic operations for gallstone disease and inguinal hernia. Identify the advantages and disadvantages of techniques. Assess whether our method affects ergonomics during surgery. The design of the study formed as retrospective comparative study with the control and research groups was used for evaluation and analysis. To form groups, a statistical database was used, which included 411 patients treated in VRSH MISD. Ergonomic parameters were analyzed and compared, such as the distance between the surgeon's hands, deviations depending on the patient's physique, the angle between the manipulators, the distance of approach to the target. Null hypothesis technique used, Pearson analysis, Tukey, Mann-Whitney. It is established that the angle between the main working tools 68.64±4.68o [64–73o] against 57.29±6.764o [44–65o] (p <0.001); the visualization area was 12.17±4.43 cm2 against 9.54±2.27 cm2 (p<0.001*); in the first and second groups, respectively; the average distance of the laparoscope approaching the operating area is greater when using a laparoscope with a 30o – viewing angle which is 3.84±0.37 cm [3.4–4.2] and 3.34±0.728 cm [2.5–4.5] for our own and French methods 3.21±0.24 cm [3.0–3.5] vs. 3.41±0.478 cm [2.7–4.1] at an angle of 0o). Performing a simultaneous laparoscopic intervention does not have any significant effect on the imaging and ergonomics during surgery. The technique allows to perform surgical treatment of inguinal hernia and cholecystolithiasis at one time without worsening of ergonomics. The technique found out in VRSH MISD is sufficiently effective and usable.
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Graben, Preston Riley, Mark C. Schall, Sean Gallagher, Richard Sesek, and Yadrianna Acosta-Sojo. "Reliability Analysis of Observation-Based Exposure Assessment Tools for the Upper Extremities: A Systematic Review." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 17 (August 25, 2022): 10595. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191710595.

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(1) Background: The objectives of this systematic review were to (i) summarize the results of studies evaluating the reliability of observational ergonomics exposure assessment tools addressing exposure to physical risk factors associated with upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), and (ii) identify best practices for assessing the reliability of new observational exposure assessment tools. (2) Methods: A broad search was conducted in March 2020 of four academic databases: PubMed, Science Direct, Ergonomic Abstracts, and Web of Science. Articles were systematically excluded by removing redundant articles, examining titles and abstracts, assessing relevance to physical ergonomics and the upper extremities, and article type. (3) Results: Eleven articles were included in the review. The results indicated no singular best practice; instead, there were multiple methodological approaches researchers chose to use. Some of the significant variations in methodologies include the selection of reliability coefficients, rater and participant selection, and direct vs. digital observation. (4) Conclusion: The findings serve as a resource summarizing the reliability of existing observational risk assessment tools and identify common methods for assessing the reliability of new observational risk assessment tools. Limitations of this review include the number of databases searched, the removal of truncation symbols, and the selection of keywords used for the initial search.
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Matheis, M., and R. Prof Müller. "Innovative Handhabungskonzepte für die Lkw-Montage*/Innovative handling methods in truck manufacturing." wt Werkstattstechnik online 106, no. 09 (2016): 588–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/1436-4980-2016-09-14.

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Die Lkw-Produktion ist durch eine große Variantenvielfalt gekennzeichnet. Speziell die Montage ist geprägt von einem hohen Anteil manueller Prozesse. Schwere und sperrige Bauteile und Werkzeuge müssen gehoben, geführt, positioniert und oft bei engen Toleranzen gefügt werden. Die Entwicklung eines intelligenten, teilautomatisierbaren Unterstützungssystems soll zur Verbesserung der Ergonomie, der Akzeptanz, Arbeitssicherheit, Qualität und Prozesszeit der Handhabungsaufgaben beitragen. &nbsp; Truck manufacturing is characterized by a high variety. Especially in assembly, a high proportion of manual processes is involved. Heavy and bulky parts and tools must be lifted, transported, positioned, and joined by close tolerances. The development of an intelligent and partially automatable assist device will help to improve ergonomics, user acceptance, safety, quality and process time of handling operations.
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Brito, Marlene Ferreira, Ana Luísa Ramos, Paula Carneiro, and Maria Antónia Gonçalves. "A continuous improvement assessment tool, considering lean, safety and ergonomics." International Journal of Lean Six Sigma 11, no. 5 (September 20, 2019): 893–916. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijlss-12-2017-0144.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present an attempt to develop an instrument containing operational measures of lean combined with safety and ergonomic conditions in a workstation or production line. This operational tool aims to help researchers and practitioners to prioritize and evaluate the lean implementations, as well as the ergonomic and safety conditions, in an integrated way. Design/methodology/approach Lean manufacturing methods and principles, as well as safety and ergonomics aspects, were exhaustively researched with the ultimate goal of finding a way to improve the workplace by taking into account the efficiency and well-being of workers. The instrument was validated in an interactive process between theory and practical insights. At the end, it was tested in several workstations/production areas. Findings The study reveals that high scores are derived from a good interaction between lean, ergonomics and safety. Research limitations/implications It would be important to validate it in different companies and different types of industries because each one has its own characteristics. Practical implications This tool helps practitioners (technicians and ergonomic practitioners from manufacturing companies) assess the implementation of lean principles and the safety issues in their processes. It also allows managers to evaluate their business and identify the priority areas to improve according to the previously defined company’s aims. Originality/value As Peter Drucker said: “If you can’t measure it, you can’t improve it.” For a successful implementation, managers should start the lean journey with a lean assessment and make it in a regular basis. To the authors’ knowledge, there are various lean assessment tools, but this work is innovative because it provides an assessment instrument to evaluate organizations’ workstations/production areas simultaneously in three dimensions: lean, safety and ergonomic aspects.
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Donisi, Leandro, Giuseppe Cesarelli, Noemi Pisani, Alfonso Maria Ponsiglione, Carlo Ricciardi, and Edda Capodaglio. "Wearable Sensors and Artificial Intelligence for Physical Ergonomics: A Systematic Review of Literature." Diagnostics 12, no. 12 (December 5, 2022): 3048. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12123048.

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Physical ergonomics has established itself as a valid strategy for monitoring potential disorders related, for example, to working activities. Recently, in the field of physical ergonomics, several studies have also shown potential for improvement in experimental methods of ergonomic analysis, through the combined use of artificial intelligence, and wearable sensors. In this regard, this review intends to provide a first account of the investigations carried out using these combined methods, considering the period up to 2021. The method that combines the information obtained on the worker through physical sensors (IMU, accelerometer, gyroscope, etc.) or biopotential sensors (EMG, EEG, EKG/ECG), with the analysis through artificial intelligence systems (machine learning or deep learning), offers interesting perspectives from both diagnostic, prognostic, and preventive points of view. In particular, the signals, obtained from wearable sensors for the recognition and categorization of the postural and biomechanical load of the worker, can be processed to formulate interesting algorithms for applications in the preventive field (especially with respect to musculoskeletal disorders), and with high statistical power. For Ergonomics, but also for Occupational Medicine, these applications improve the knowledge of the limits of the human organism, helping in the definition of sustainability thresholds, and in the ergonomic design of environments, tools, and work organization. The growth prospects for this research area are the refinement of the procedures for the detection and processing of signals; the expansion of the study to assisted working methods (assistive robots, exoskeletons), and to categories of workers suffering from pathologies or disabilities; as well as the development of risk assessment systems that exceed those currently used in ergonomics in precision and agility.
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Hafiz, Mohd Zani, Halim Isa, and Muhammad Syafiq Syed Mohamed. "An Overview of Ergonomics Problems Related to CNC Machining Operations." Advanced Engineering Forum 10 (December 2013): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.10.137.

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In the new era of advanced manufacturing technology, machine tool design plays an important role in maximizing productivity and occupational health of industrial workers. However, the machine tool manufacturers face difficulty in designing an ergonomic machine tool that can be suited to Malaysian industrial workers because almost all machine tools were designed according to physical dimensions, capabilities and limitations of European or American populations. This mismatch between machine design and worker abilities may eventually lead to occupational injuries. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to disseminate information on ergonomics problem, assessment methods, and control measures associated with CNC machining operation. Published articles related to CNC machining operation have been reviewed. Based on published researches, work-related musculoskeletal disorders such as low-back pain, neck and shoulder problem have been identified as common health problems associated with the machine operation. Engineering and administrative controls have been proposed to minimize the health problems.
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Daub, Urban, Nico Bölke, Verena Kopp, Michael Brück, and Urs Schneider. "Effektiv Belastung reduzieren/Effective physical stress reduction." wt Werkstattstechnik online 111, no. 09 (2021): 617–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/1436-4980-2021-09-43.

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Zur Beurteilung der Ergonomie eines Arbeitsplatzes stehen bereits Methoden und Werkzeuge zur Verfügung. Jedoch erschöpfen komplexere Situationen nicht nur den Bewertungsrahmen dieser Werkzeuge, sie übersteigen auch deren Möglichkeiten, eine zielführende Lösung anzubieten. In der hier vorgestellten Methode werden die zur Bewertung erhobenen Daten ins Zentrum eines systematischen Lösungsprozesses gestellt, wie an einem abschließenden Beispiel gezeigt wird. &nbsp; Several methods and tools are already available for assessing the ergonomics of a workplace. However, situations that are more complex do not only exhaust the assessment scope of such tools but also fail to provide a goal-oriented solution. The method presented here places the data collected for assessment at the heart of a systematic solution process, as exemplified below.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ergonomics tools and methods"

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Galvan, Tatiana Cecagno. "Carga de trabalho : definição, fatores influentes e identificação de causas raiz." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/118871.

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Um dos principais objetivos da ergonomia é ter uma carga de trabalho adequada, buscando a melhoria dos níveis de conforto, satisfação, eficiência e segurança no trabalho, caso contrário, sua inadequação pode influenciar a saúde e segurança do trabalhador, além de afetar a organização. O objetivo geral deste estudo é identificar as causas raiz de uma carga de trabalho inadequada com intuito de compreender os fatores influentes e suas interligações visando melhorar a condição de saúde e segurança dos trabalhadores. Os objetivos específicos são: (i) entender e definir as dimensões da carga de trabalho através de uma revisão sistemática de literatura; (ii) identificar os fatores influentes centrais, ou seja, causas raiz, da inadequação da carga de trabalho através da análise de uma revisão sistemática utilizando ferramentas do Processo de Pensamento; (iii) avaliar a carga de trabalho e suas inadequações de forma participativa, através da mensuração desta e da identificação de suas causas raiz em uma empresa de manufatura. Para alcançar cada um dos objetivos o presente trabalho foi estruturado na forma de três artigos, associados a cada um dos objetivos específicos. Assim, o trabalho foi composto por uma revisão sistemática de literatura (Artigo 1), análise de uma revisão sistemática (Artigo 2) e um estudo de caso aplicado (Artigo 3). O primeiro artigo entendeu e definiu as dimensões da carga de trabalho. No segundo, identificou-se os fatores influentes centrais da inadequação da carga de trabalho através de uma revisão sistemática. Já no terceiro artigo, foi realizado um estudo de caso, composto pela avaliação da carga de trabalho através da NASA TLX, demonstrando a carga de trabalho de máximo risco (carga de trabalho geral). Neste também mensurou-se, de forma participativa, os fatores centrais desta inadequação através de ferramentas do processo de pensamento. O resultado final permitiu perceber poucos estudos definindo carga de trabalho entre artigos empíricos, não havendo uma definição padrão. Percebeu-se que o foco dos artigos não são na abordagem da adequação desta carga de trabalho. Permitiu-se identificar as causas raiz de uma carga de trabalho inadequada, propiciando uma análise profunda das relações gerais do problema, através da lógica causa e efeito, incluindo os fatores influentes e suas interligações.
A major goal of ergonomics consists in having an adequate workload in order to improve levels of comfort, satisfaction, efficiency and safety. Otherwise, its inadequacy can influence health and worker’s safety and affect the organization. The aim of this study is to identify the root causes of inadequate workload in spite of understanding the influencing factors and their interconnections to improve the workers health and safety. The specific objectives are: (i) understand and define the dimensions of the workload through a systematic literature review; (ii) identify the substantial influencing factors (root causes) of the inadequacy of the workload by analyzing a systematic review using Thinking Process tools; (iii) evaluate the workload and its inadequacies in a participatory manner, by measuring and identifying their root causes in a manufacturing company. To achieve each objective, this study was structured with three articles associated with each of the specific objectives. Therefore, the work is consisted of a systematic review of the literature (Article 1), analysis of a systematic review (Article 2) and an applied case study (Article 3). The first article understood and defined the dimensions of workload. In the second, we identified the major influencing factors of inadequate workload through a systematic review. In the third article, we conducted a case study, comprising the assessment of workload through the NASA TLX, demonstrating the maximum risk workload (overall workload). The end result allowed us to perceive few studies defining workload between empirical articles, there is no standard definition. It was felt that the focus of the articles are not in addressing the appropriateness of this workload. Allowed to identify the root causes of inadequate workload, providing a thorough analysis of the general relations of the problem, by logical cause and effect, including the influential factors and their interconnections.
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A, Asif Farazee M. "Circular Manufacturing Systems : A development framework with analysis methods and tools for implementation." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Maskin- och processteknologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-207470.

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The society today lives on the philosophy of ‘take-make-use-dispose.’ In the long run, this is not sustainable as the natural resources and the waste carrying capacity of the earth are limited. Therefore, it is essential to reduce dependency on the natural resources by decoupling the growth from the consumption. In this venture, both the society and the manufacturing industry have a vital role to play. The society needs to shift towards Circular Economy that rests upon the philosophy of ‘take-make-use-reuse’ and the manufacturing industry has to be a major stakeholder in this shift. Despite being proven to be both economically and environmentally beneficial, successful examples of circular systems are few today. This is primarily due to two reasons; firstly, there is a lack of systemic and systematic approach to guide industries and secondly, there is a lack of analysis methods and tools that are capable of assessing different aspects of circular manufacturing systems. Taking on to these challenges, the objective of this research is to bring forward a framework with methods and decision support tools that are essential to implement circular manufacturing systems. The initial conceptual framework with the systemic approach is developed based on extensive review and analysis of research, which is further adapted for industrial implementation. Systematic analysis methods, decision support and implementation tools are developed to facilitate this adaptation. This development has been supported by four cases from diverse manufacturing sectors. Behind each decision support tool, there are analysis methods built upon mainly system dynamics principles. These tools are based on simulation platforms called Stella and Anylogic. Among other things, these tools are capable of assessing the performance of closed-loop supply chains, consequences of resource scarcity, potential gains from resource conservation and overall economic and environmental performance of circular manufacturing systems.

QC 20170522


ResCoM: Resource Conservative Manufacturing- transforming waste into high value resource through closed-loop product systems
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Eriksson, Linda, and Lina Simme. "The Application of Futures Studies in Innovation Processes : Scenario methods as a tool to facilitate flexibility and enable future resilient products." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-167822.

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Companies are pressured by dynamic markets and the increase of innovation speed, technology change and shortening of product life cycles. They need to attend to customer demands and ever-changing environmental conditions, policies and regulations set by governments and institutions in order to stay relevant on the market and be allowed to operate. Innovation has therefore become a must and the innovation processes are a central part of companies’ operations. Futures studies is presented as a systematic way of studying the future that can contribute to a better understanding of the needed direction of innovations. The aim of the study is to investigate how futures studies can be embodied in the innovation process of manufacturing companies in the industry of rail and road vehicles. The structure of an innovation process within the industry of rail and road vehicles is summarized to consist of three different phases: the fuzzy-front-end, the development and the maintenance. The innovation process is further divided by the components of the product and during the entire process there are decision points to evaluate the projects. The organizational aspects which are considered to have the most influence on the innovation process concern the company environment and internal knowledge sharing. Futures studies are moderately performed at different stages of the innovation process and levels of the organization, mainly at corporate level and in the fuzzy-front-end. The people involved in these activities are solely employees from the company in question and the main issue found regarding the activities of futures studies is that the results of the foresight are not communicated properly across the company. Two ways in which futures studies can be embodied in the innovation process are identified to create more high-quality ideas and to tune the product during the process according to the future market, with a third way ensuring alignment with corporate level.  A recommendation is presented consisting of a scenario workshop which enables for futures studies to be embodied in the innovation process of manufacturing companies. Activities and pointers for prior, during and after the workshop are presented. The results of the workshop will further be embodied in the innovation process in three different ways, in the beginning, alongside and as a basis for the corporate strategy.
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Koupil, Jan. "Helitronic Power 400 – uvedení stroje do sériové výroby." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-401511.

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This diploma thesis was focused on implementation of CNC tool grinder Helitronic Power 400 into serial production on flowing assembly. In the first part, optimization methods were described, which are used in practice as a tool for increasing the productivity and profitability of the company. The practical part was focused on the inclusion of the machine into serial production and on processes connected with the implementation.
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Danet, Georgiana. "Quest Atlantis as an alternative educational tool – Children’s voices on Quest Atlantis and a method for involving users in participatory design." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Avdelningen för för interaktion och systemdesign, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-1766.

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Alternative educational tools have been investigated, in form of a meta-game structure, a computer-based educational software (Quest Atlantis) which was used in an after-school environment within the frame of Fifth Dimension site in Ronneby. The study is based on field material from five sessions, each of two hours. A first focus in this thesis is on the extent to which such a virtual environment can be used for educational purposes, to which extent it can supplement the traditional educational system. A second focus is on how appropriate the software is to its educational purpose and how it can be improved by means of participatory design. The analysis of the data shows that computer games are a rich setting for human learning, in a more dynamic, active and involving manner than traditional education. In this particular case, we came to the conclusion how the software has to be improved in order to suite children’s computer skills and we came up with an original method for involving users in participatory design.
Alternativa utbildningsverktyg har studerats, i form av en meta-spel struktyr, en databaserad utbildning software (Quest Atlantis), som har varit använt i en efterskola miljö, inom Fifth Dimension ramar, i Ronneby. Studiet baseras på fältmaterialet från fem sessioner, varje session på två timmar. En först fokuspunkt i det här arbetet koncentrerar sig på: till vilken mån en sådan virtuel miljö kan användas för utbildnigssyfte och kan supplimentera det traditionella utbildningssystemet. En andra fokupunkt koncentrerar sig på hur lämpligt mjukvara är för dess utbildningssyften och hur den kan förbättras med hjälp av participatory design. Analysen av data visar att dataspel är rika miljöer för mänsklig lärande, på ett mer dynamiskt, aktivt och involverande sätt än traditionell utbildning. I det här studiet har vi kommit fram till att hur man kan förbättra mjukvaran för att passa barnens datavana och vi har uppfunnit en original metod för att involvera användare i participatory design.
This thesis has been conducted at the Department of Human Work Science, Media Technology and Humanities at Blekinge Institute of Technology in the fields of work science and computer science.
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Carlsson, Rebecca. "Comparison of turning blades produced by a conventional- and additive manufacturing method." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-69032.

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Additive manufacturing has developed radical through the years. Sandvik has invested in the area by building a center specific for additive manufacturing. Due to problems with the material- and product properties and high production costs no products have been used with additive manufacturing method. These aspects have improved over the years and therefore the master thesis was made with an objective: to compare two different produced blades with focus on the aspects of material- and product properties and production costs. One of the blades was produced through additive manufacturing (AM) and the other blade was produced in today’s production at Sandvik Coromant in Gimo. If the blade can be produced through AM there is a possibility to lower the production costs and improve the degree of design freedom. The material that will be used is SS2230 (50CrV4) which are used in conventionally produced blades and 1.2709 which are used in AM produced blades.   The investigation consisted of five different tests (flow rate, pressure force, vibration, fatigue and keyhole wear) and a study on production aspects with focus on value stream mapping, investments and production costs. The main objective in the result was to compare each test between the two different produced blades, not to investigate the optimal value. Therefore, was the test designed to have continuity with as small deviation as possible between the tests. This resulted in choosing values which were not optimal for the blades but focused on continuity and deviation.   The coolant channels flow rate improved with 35% on the AM produced blades but pressure force, fatigue and keyhole wear resistance did not deviate much from conventionally produced blades. Fatigue tests were made twice with two different inserts because the result from the first test differentiated too much from the expected results on both blades. Production costs will be higher with AM but on a long-term may an investment improve the degree of design freedom on a product and a possibility to produce towards costumer (just in time). This will need an expensive investment with a bigger perspective on the timeframe. The value of the product may increase but the production costs will increase too.
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Olsson, Philip, and Carl-Johan Bjelke. "Planering av mejeriproduktion med diskret händelsesimulering." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Industriell teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-418088.

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A producer of dairy products intends to improve planning work by utilizing a simulation model. Dairy production has specific requirements that consequently means that planning is a complex task because of factors such as changeovers of production which limits production flexibility. The purpose of the thesis is thus to create a discrete event simulation for dairy production and to document the specific circumstances and approaches that the simulation project includes to support the producer's development of the planning work. To achieve the purpose, two questions have been formulated that aim to answer for the theoretical work as well as the practical work in establishing a simulation model. The project utilizes a conceptual model and follows a twelve-step model for work sequence. Theory intends to form the basis for answering questions and covers methodological approaches, discrete event simulation, programming methods based on continuous and discrete data and the meaning of stops and changeovers in production. The steps in the methodological approach are limited to problem formulation, setting a project plan and goals using the conceptual model, model building, data collection, coding, verification and validation. The work resulted in a theoretical methodological approach, a conceptual model and a partly verified simulation model for planning based on discrete event simulation.
En mejeriproducent ämnar förbättra sitt planeringsarbete med hjälp av en simuleringsmodell. Mejeriproduktion innebär särskilda krav som leder till att planeringsarbetet blir komplext på grund av omställningsvillkor vilket hämmar flexibiliteten av produktionen. Syftet med examensarbetet är därmed att upprätta en diskret händelsesimulering för mejeriproduktion och dokumentera de särskilda omständigheter och tillvägagångsätt som simuleringsprojektet innefattar för att stödja producentens utveckling av planeringsarbetet. För att uppnå syftet har två frågeställningar formulerats, vilka svarar dels för den teoretiska aspekten av att genomdriva ett sådant projekt, dels för hur en simuleringsmodell kan utformas i praktiken. Simuleringsmodellen upprättas med hjälp av en konceptuell modell samt ett metodologiskt tillvägagångsätt här omnämnt Banks metod. Teoriavsnittet avser att ligga till grund för besvarande av frågeställningar och innefattar metodologiska tillvägagångssätt, diskret händelsesimulering, programmeringsmetoder baserade på kontinuerliga och diskreta data samt innebörden av stopp och omställning i produktion. Det metodologiska tillvägagångssättet används i begränsad utsträckning. Projektet avgränsas till problemformulering, upprättande av projektplan och mål med hjälp av den konceptuella modellen, insamling av data, modellering och verifiering. Arbetet resulterade i ett teoretiskt metodologiskt tillvägagångssätt, en konceptuell modell samt en delvis verifierad simuleringsmodell för planering baserad på diskret händelsesimulering.
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Mazaheri, Ava. "Ergonomic Evaluation of Power Tool Use at Different Task and Tool Related Conditions Using a Mechanical Test Rig, Electromyography and Subjective Evaluations." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-235384.

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Workers within production and assembly lines are often exposed to ergonomically unfavorable tasksand conditions. Reaction forces and reaction torques generated by industrial power tools may causenot only discomfort but also health issues and injury. The forceful tasks in combination with highlyrepetitive hand-arm motions and prolonged tool use paves the way for loss in workforce capacitywhich in turn can lead to great losses in productivity and product quality. An umbrella term for themany injuries and diseases that may arise from the use of such tools is Cumulative Trauma Disorders(CTD).This study aimed to investigate the ergonomic effect of power tool use for various tool and taskrelated conditions. The study required the setup of a test rig with a simulated handle of the tool. Theergonomic impact was assessed by measuring the torques associated with different tighteningstrategies, as well as measuring the angular displacement of the tool handle. By varying the jointstiffness and workplace orientation, the complexity of the task was varied and thus quantified.Measurements of muscle activity during each tightening procedure provided a quantification of thephysiological impact on the operator. By combining the measurements on the operator withsubjective assessment of perceived exertion and discomfort, a more holistic perspective on thetightening procedure was obtained.The results obtained from the study stressed the negative impact on the operator which the QuickStep tightening strategy on medium hard joints implies, regardless of workspace orientation. TheTurbo Tight and Tensor Pulse tightening strategies turned out to generate the lowest reactiontorques and handle deflections, regardless of joint stiffness and workspace orientation. The findingsfrom the muscle activity measurements in combination with the subjective evaluation methodsfurther confirmed the mildness of the Turbo Tight and Tensor Pulse strategies. Moreover, horizontalworkspace resulted in lower tool handle deflection compared to vertical workspace for all tighteningstrategies and joint stiffnesses.
Många antällda på monteringsband exponeras ofta för ergonomiskt ofördelaktiga arbetsuppgifter och arbetsförhållanden. De handhållna monteringsverktyg som används genrerar ofta reaktionskrafter som i många fall kan orsaka en känsla av obehag eller ge upphov till mer bestående hälsobesvär. De kraftfulla och repetetiva arbetsuppgifterna som montering många gånger innebär kan bana väg för förluster i arbetskraftskapacitet, vilket i sin tur kan leda till stora förluster i produktivitet och produktkvalitet. En paraplyterm för de många åkommor och besvär som kan uppstå som ett resultat av användandet av handhållna monteringsverktyg är ’förslitningsskador’ (Cumulative Trauma Disorders på engelska). Målsättningen för denhär studien har varit att undersöka de ergonomiska effekter som användandet av handhållna monteringsverktyg innebär vid olika vektygs- och arbetsuppgiftsrelaterade parametrar. Studien genomfördes med hjälp av en test rig där ett simulerat verktygshandtag utnyttjades. Den ergonomiska effekten på användaren undersöktes genom mätningar av uppnådda reaktions moment och handtags vinklar associerade med olika åtdragningsstrategier, styvhet av förband samt orientering av arbetsyta. Genom att mäta muskelaktiviteten i underarmen hos testpersonerna erhölls en kvantifiering av den fysiologiska effekten på testpersonerna. Mätningarna av vinkel, moment och muskelaktivitet kombinerades med subjektiva skattningsmetoder för att på så sätt kunna erhålla ett mer holistiskt perspektiv på åtdragningarna och deras effekt på människan. Resultaten från studien underströk de negativa effekterna av åtdragning med Quick Step strategin på medium hårda förband, oavsett orientering av arbetsytan. Turbo Tight och Tensor Pulse strategierna genererade de lägsta reaktions momenten och handtags deflektionerna. Resultaten från muskelsaktivitetsmätningarna och de subjektiva skattningsmetoderna bekräftade den relativa mildheten hos Tensor Pulse och Turbo Tight strategierna. Dessutom påvisades att åtdragningar som sker på en horisontell arbetsyta resulterade i lägre handtagsdeflektion jämfört med åtdragningar på en vertikal arbetsyta, oavsett åtdragningsstrategi och styvhet hos förband.
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Hellstadius, Monica. "Implementation of methods and tools." Thesis, KTH, Tillämpad maskinteknik (KTH Södertälje), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-124255.

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Marshall, Kenneth John. "Developing tools to assist in investigations to improve the human computer interface of interactive computer systems." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.314620.

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Books on the topic "Ergonomics tools and methods"

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Schlick, Christopher. Industrial engineering and ergonomics: Visions, concepts, methods and tools ; Festschrift in Honor of Professor Holger Luczak. Edited by Luczak H. (Holger). Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 2009.

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Radwin, Robert G. An ergonomics guide to hand tools. Fairfax, Va: American Industrial Hygiene Association, 1996.

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1952-, Marras William S., and Karwowski Waldemar 1953-, eds. Fundamentals and assessment tools for occupational ergonomics. 2nd ed. Boca Raton, FL: Taylor&Francis, 2005.

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Spurr, Kathy. CASE: Methods and tools. New York: Prentice Hall, 1990.

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Systems engineering tools and methods. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2011.

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Font technology: Methods and tools. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1994.

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Hogg, S. [Presentation methods, tools and environments]. [S.l.]: [The author], 1996.

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1944-, Bracchi G., and Tsichritzis Dionysios C, eds. Office systems: Methods and tools. Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1987.

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Mazzara, Manuel, Jean-Michel Bruel, Bertrand Meyer, and Alexander Petrenko, eds. Software Technology: Methods and Tools. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29852-4.

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Directorate, Canadian Workplace Automation Research Centre Organizational Research. Productivity measurement methods and tools. Laval, Quebec: Canadian Workplace Automation Research Centre, Supply and Services Canada, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Ergonomics tools and methods"

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Kreifeld, John, Yajuan Gao, Gao Yang, Hui-Yun Yen, Yuma Taru, and Rungtai Lin. "A Study of Cultural Ergonomics in Atayal Weaving Box." In Cross-Cultural Design. Methods, Tools and User Experience, 170–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22577-3_12.

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Simões-Marques, Mário, and Isabel L. Nunes. "Contributions to the Design of Knowledge-Based Development Tools for Intelligent Systems." In Ergonomics in Design Methods & Techniques, 387–403. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315367668-25.

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Draghici, Anca. "Man — Machine System Re-Design from the Ergonomics Perspective." In Methods and Tools for Co-operative and Integrated Design, 45–56. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2256-8_5.

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Dempsey, Patrick G., Brian D. Lowe, and Evan Jones. "An International Survey of Tools and Methods Used by Certified Ergonomics Professionals." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 223–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96083-8_30.

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Butlewski, Marcin. "Heuristic Methods Aiding Ergonomic Design." In Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction. Design Methods, Tools, and Interaction Techniques for eInclusion, 13–20. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39188-0_2.

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Jasiulewicz-Kaczmarek, Małgorzata, and Przemysław Drożyner. "Social Dimension of Sustainable Development – Safety and Ergonomics in Maintenance Activities." In Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction. Design Methods, Tools, and Interaction Techniques for eInclusion, 175–84. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39188-0_19.

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Trigg, Matthew, and Richard Richard. "Chapter 11 Human Factors and Ergonomics Methods in Practice The Right Tool for the Right Job." In Human Factors and Ergonomics in Practice, 155–64. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315587332-12.

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Penha, Marcelo, Walter Correia, Marcelo Soares, Fábio Campos, and Marina Barros. "Ergonomic Evaluation of Usability with Users – Application of the Technique of Cooperative Evaluation." In Design, User Experience, and Usability. Design Philosophy, Methods, and Tools, 379–88. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39229-0_41.

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Bellandi, Tommaso, Adriana Romani-Vidal, Paulo Sousa, and Michela Tanzini. "Adverse Event Investigation and Risk Assessment." In Textbook of Patient Safety and Clinical Risk Management, 129–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59403-9_11.

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AbstractThis chapter describes a comprehensive approach to adverse event investigation and risk assessment, as well as the characteristics of an integrated system for patient safety and clinical risk management. Drawing on evidence from other industries and healthcare organizations across the globe, the author’s report how such a system can be developed with the active involvement of policy-makers, healthcare managers, health professionals, and patients. Human factors and ergonomics provide the theoretical framework in which the guiding principles, methods, and tools are selected and applied to identify, analyze, and prevent risks related to unsafe care in any healthcare setting.
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Gabillon, Yoann, Sophie Lepreux, and Káthia Marçal de Oliveira. "Towards Ergonomic User Interface Composition: A Study about Information Density Criterion." In Human-Computer Interaction. Human-Centred Design Approaches, Methods, Tools, and Environments, 211–20. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39232-0_24.

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Conference papers on the topic "Ergonomics tools and methods"

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Snell, Marc, Arman Dehghani, Fabian Guenkzkofer, and Stefan Kaltenbrunner. "Safety and Ergonomics Risk Assessment (SERA): A Customized Ergonomics Assessment Tool for Automobile Manufacturing." In 33rd Annual International Occupational Ergonomics and Safety Conference. International Society for Occupational Ergonomics and Safety, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47461/isoes.2021_069.

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Musculoskeletal disorders continue to be a leading source of lost workdays across all industries. Common ergonomics assessment tools may include criteria extraneous to the stresses at specific companies or industries. Therefore, the creation of assessment tools, based on scientifically validated methods, with industry- or company-specific stresses may be of benefit. The BMW Group has developed the Safety and Ergonomics Risk Assessment (SERA) tool. This ergonomics assessment method incorporates the most up-to-date scientific methods and international standards, and is used worldwide in all production facilities of the BMW Group. As noted above, a major advantage of SERA over conventional ergonomics tools is the focus on ergonomics stresses common to automobile manufacturing and the consequent exclusion of irrelevant parameters, thereby reducing the time, effort, and training required for workplace assessments. Other advantages include the international uniformity of assessments and a web- and database-implementation allowing for easily comparable international reporting. The implementation of this method at the BMW Group has enabled a greater transparency for ergonomics across all international plants, and more effective and targeted ergonomics interventions. This publication will outline the basic motivation for SERA, highlight the relevant scientific sources and international standards, and general steps of an evaluation.
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Cardoso, André, Hatice K Gonçalves, Guilherme Deola Borges, Ana Pombeiro, Ana Colim, Paula Carneiro, and Pedro Arezes. "Comparison of observational ergonomic methods: a case study in the automotive industry." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002650.

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The increased automation of the car manufacturing process, in which much of the assembly has been delegated from man to machine, has done much to relieve workers of the burden of heavy lifting. However, despite ergonomic improvements in the workplace, many jobs still require workers to perform repetitive tasks [1]. In the automotive industry, Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WMSD) are one of the most common occupational problems due to repetitive working tasks. Workers that perform manual work are often prone to awkward postures, repetitive movements, forceful exertions, and overextensions, which are some of the main factors for the arising of WMSD [2]. Besides, these work-related factors, also the personal factors contribute to the occurrence of this kind of injury, making WMSD a complex condition that involves contributions from many factors [3,4]. The current study aims to compare different observational methods commonly used to assess the WMSD risk in repetitive tasks. To accomplish this goal a case of study in assembly workstation of an automotive company in Portugal was applied. It was selected methods that are widely used by ergonomists and are validated for implementation in the industry [5,6]. Therefore, the following methods were applied to an assembly workstation: (i) Rapid Upper-Limb Assessment (RULA), (ii) Occupational Repetitive Actions (OCRA), (ii) Key Indicator Method – Manual Handling Operations (KIM-MHO), and (iv) Revised Strain Index (RSI) This multi-method approach was very important, as it allowed for a more comprehensive assessment, which will support the proposals for improvement The results show that workstation present a considerable WMSD risk in 3 of 4 methods applied. These results suggest that a change to the workstation is necessary. A possible solution would be to implement a Human-robot collaboration solution, in order to reduce the physical demands associated with repetitive movements [7] to which workers are subjected. [1]Spallek, M.; Kuhn, W.; Uibel, S.; Van Mark, A.; Quarcoo, D. Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders in the Automotive Industry Due to Repetitive Work - Implications for Rehabilitation. J. Occup. Med. Toxicol. 2010, 5 (1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6673-5-6.[2]Naik, G.; Khan, M. R. Prevalence of MSDs and Postural Risk Assessment in Floor Mopping Activity Through Subjective and Objective Measures. Saf. Health Work 2020, 11 (1), 80–87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2019.12.005.[3]Park, J.; Kim, Y.; Han, B. Work Sectors with High Risk for Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders in Korean Men and Women. Saf. Health Work 2018, 9 (1), 75–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2017.06.005.[4]Thetkathuek, A.; Meepradit, P.; Sa-ngiamsak, T. A Cross-Sectional Study of Musculoskeletal Symptoms and Risk Factors in Cambodian Fruit Farm Workers in Eastern Region, Thailand. Saf. Health Work 2018, 9 (2), 192–202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2017.06.009.[5]Dempsey, P. G.; Mcgorry, R. W.; Maynard, W. S. A Survey of Tools and Methods Used by Certified Professional Ergonomists. Appl. Ergon. 2005, 36, 489–503. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2005.01.007.[6]Pascual, S. A.; Naqvi, S. An Investigation of Ergonomics Analysis Tools Used in Industry in the Identification of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders An Investigation of Ergonomics Analysis Tools Used in Industry in the Identification of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders. Int. J. Occup. Saf. Ergon. 2015, 3548 (2), 237–245. https://doi.org/10.1080/10803548.2008.11076755.[7]Colim, A.; Faria, C.; Cunha, J.; Oliveira, J.; Sousa, N.; Rocha, L. Physical Ergonomics Improvement and Safe Design of an Assembly Workstation with Collaborative Robotics. Saf. (Unpublished under-review) 2021, 1–19.
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Fritzsche, Lars, Ricardo Schönherr, and Benjamin Illmann. "Interactive Simulation and Ergonomics Assessment of Manual Work With EMA – Applications in Product Development and Production Planning." In Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference. AHFE International, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100411.

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The software tool EMA (“Editor for Manual Work Activities”) facilitates digital production planning and ergonomics assessment by providing a more efficient and accurate approach to 3D human simulation. EMA uses a modular system for describing human work activities based on a pre-defined library of “complex operations”, which allows the generation and simulation of human movements with highly-automated algorithms. Moreover, EMA includes standard tools for the assessment of ergonomic strains (EAWS – “Ergonomic Assessment Worksheet”) and production time (MTM – “Methods Time Measurement”). After introducing some basic analysis functions of EMA and their typical use cases, this paper presents an evaluation study that examines the validity of EMA ergonomic evaluations in comparison to paper-pencil-assessments with EAWS. Moreover, this paper shows several use cases of the EMA software application in automotive and aviation industry. These applications illustrate that EMA considerably reduces the effort for preparing human simulations and enables the user to analyze ergonomic conditions (body posture, action forces, manual load handling) and productivity (e.g., walk ways) very thoroughly.
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Кузьменко, Александр, Aleksandr Kuz'menko, Андрей Аверченков, Andrey Averchenkov, Виталий Шкаберин, and Vitaliy Shkaberin. "Modern Methods of Usability Engineering of User Interface for Weboriented Environment." In 29th International Conference on Computer Graphics, Image Processing and Computer Vision, Visualization Systems and the Virtual Environment GraphiCon'2019. Bryansk State Technical University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.30987/graphicon-2019-2-215-218.

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The article discusses methods and tools applied for wireframing of web-environment usability engineering. Modern approaches used for wireframing via web service moqups.com. are considered. In today's world, people have to spend a lot of time at the computer therefore an important factor in the user's work with the software becomes human-machine interaction. Web-interface design taking into account all the ergonomic standards is able to reduce stress and fatigue of users as well as to improve the quality of work and satisfaction. Now, when designing user interfaces, insufficient attention is paid to ergonomics and convenience. In this paper, we use an expert approach. This method allows you to evaluate the effectiveness of the developed product when used.
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D., Mukesh Kumar, K. S. Anandh, and S. Senthamizh Sankar. "A review on tools and methods applied to enhance ergonomics in the construction industry." In INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS: A STEP TOWARDS SMARTER ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONIC AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING: Proceedings of 2nd International Conference on Industrial Electronics, Mechatronics, Electrical and Mechanical Power (IEMPOWER), 2021. AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0102960.

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Iacono, Ester, Claudia Becchimanzi, and Alessia Brischetto. "Emotional design: Affective evaluation methods to assess the emotional response of 6-11 years children." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001785.

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Nowadays, the design focuses not just on the functional attributes of products but especially on emotional ones, and it investigates users' behavior from an emotional point of view.Industrial companies also discovered the economic advantages of holistically analyzing user experience and aim, beyond usability research, to improve people-product interaction. Therefore, their goal is to understand how to evaluate the emotions arising from the interaction with a product and integrate emotions into usability studies. Consequently, it is fundamental to look at Affective Evaluation Methods to enhance usability methods and make them more effective on affective responses. However, scientific literature highlights that although the understanding of emotions has progressed, measurement tools have lagged. Moreover, people generally find it difficult to report the emotions they experience. Furthermore, regarding children, evaluating the emotional impact of a product is even more complex. Therefore, applying methods and tools found in the literature (affective evaluation methods - AEM) may not be appropriate to investigate the affective response in children, according to specific variables.This research addresses the issue of children's affectivity in evaluating positive user experiences as a requirement to be considered within the design process. In addition, this research investigates theories on emotions and studies of the affective sciences and explores the contribution of design and cognitive psychology in these areas.This paper investigates strategies and evaluation tools of the Human-Centred Design (HCD), User Experience (UX), Affective Evaluation Methods (AEM) of Psychology, Affective Sciences and Cognitive Ergonomics, that allow the measurement of emotions. This study aims to:1.understanding the emotional skills of children; 2.verifying the reliability of the emotional responses expressed through the existing self-assessment tools;3.investigating effective methods to evaluate the affective response of 6-11 years children.This research describes the results of two qualitative methods for investigating emotions: (1) the survey aimed to collect data on emotions experienced by children; (2) the workshop focused on emotions conducted with children of age 6-11. The workshop included activities to analyze children’s emotional skills and their ability to recognize emotions in themselves, others, and interaction with products. Furthermore, field surveys with children and experts (direct observation, interviews, focus groups, brainstorming sessions) allowed us to evaluate the reliability of the emotional responses collected by the main tools described in the literature, e.g. tools for rational-emotional education (REBT) and Affective Evaluation Methods (AEM).The collected data revealed critical issues of current evaluation tools and identified the requirements for a new tool for children’s emotional evaluation. Specifically, it emerged that the cognitive-behavioral approaches, typical of psychology, can be powerful tools for designers to interpret and analyze the emotional responses that occurred during the interaction with a system. Together with the HCD and UX tools, these approaches can help designers improve the overall quality of the project.Furthermore, results show a lack of a theoretical framework to move from a conceptual to an empirical level to develop effective tools to measure emotions. Consequently, it is essential to introduce tools for measuring the objective and subjective aspects of the experience, as it is challenging to involve such young users in the research phases.The results of this study allowed the development and prototyping of a series of design concepts to evaluate the emotional impact and collect physiological measurements. This paper only shows the main objectives and features of the tool "Cubotto emotion kit". It is an interactive tool that provides information and allows qualitative data collection so far beyond even the measurement of emotions themselves. It could help designers understand children's preferences, such as colors and shapes that can arouse positive emotions and useful information to redesign products, services, and systems.
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Carlos Paschoarelli, Luis. "Ergonomic Design - a Research Line in Human-Technology Interfaces." In Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference. AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001306.

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Although technological developments in recent decades have improved the quality of life for many, these developments have also led to a certain amount of friction regarding human-technology interfaces. Several such cases are related to the occupational or everyday activities of users. Ergonomic design is an area of scientific understanding based on methods of biomechanical and usability evaluation, employed during the development of products and systems, whose purpose is to eliminate or minimize problems in human-technology interfaces. This area characterizes the studies developed in the Laboratory of Ergonomics and Interfaces (LEI) in the Design Postgraduate Research Program (Masters and PhD), at the Faculty of Architecture, Arts and Communication at the Univ. Estadual Paulista (Brazil). The studies are characterized as cross -sectional, and comply with the ethical principles for research with humans. Among the different studies in this area, are presented: the user experience and the usability of web-sites; ergonomic considerations in fashion and clothing; usability considerations in packaging; influence of product shape in symbolic and aesthetic aspects; biomechanical considerations in hand tools; assistive technology and product development for elderly and disabled persons; among others. The results of these studies are useful for the project and development of products and systems, once its results demonstrate the real problems of human-technology interfaces and provide reliable ergonomic and usability parameters.
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Aciolya, Angélica, Marcelo Soaresb, and Phillipe Burgosc. "Usability Evaluation of Products - A Survey on Methods and Techniques Used In Analysis of Consumer Packaging." In Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference. AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001313.

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Usability studies are concerned with identifying the level of interaction between the product or system and its user,in order to achieve their efficiency, effectiveness and satisfaction in a specified context of use, as defined by ISO9241-11 (1998). When referring to packaging we find that are common occurrences of various problems regarding use. The packaging is a product of regular or daily use, which, in most cases, a single model can be targeted to various kinds of procedures: age, sex, level of experience and different needs. As regards the analysis of the usability of packaging, there are a number of issues that require constant research, namely: “What methods are used and how the tests are conducted?”, “Which are the effectiveness/efficiency of existing methods, their limitations and difficulties of application?”, “Which technology trends for this type of analysis?”, among others. Therefore, the aim of this article is to present a survey on methods, techniques and tools (whether physical or virtual) used in academic research to evaluate the usability of packaging. Therefore, the survey was conducted in journals and scientific events related to ergonomics, design and usability. For the survey, were primarily selected articles published between 2009 and 2013.
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Kalkis, Valdis, Zenija Roja, and Henrijs Kalkis. "Methodology of Physical Load Risk Assessment in Latvia." In Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference. AHFE International, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100082.

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Occupational safety and health have a considerable value for employees and employers in Latvia. Despite the fact that modern production systems involve highly specialized and complex machinery, there are many human activities including manual tasks that have not been automated due to flexibility requirements. Physical overloading is caused, for example, by lifting or pushing heavy objects, daily use of vibratory tools or prolonged work while bending over. Insufficient physical load (lack of activities) is caused, for example, by prolonged sedentary work without periodic breaks for movement. The importance of psycho-emotional factors, including stress at work, should also be taken into account here. Musculoskeletal complaints are responsible for one-third of the reported cases of absenteeism and disability. Therefore, physical load forms the core of the problem, and is one of the main factors hindering sustained healthy, productive work, and wellbeing. This calls for the development of practical exposure assessment tools, particularly for health and safety practitioners, to quickly assess an exposure to ergonomic risks. The knowledge of the risk and corresponding risk assessment methods are aim of investigation and provide basis for the formulation and implementation of preventive measures. The road building workers, textile sewers and cutters, as well as fire-fighters-rescuers, who are employed in a wide range of tasks, were used as an example of ergonomic risk analysis.Several tools for description and assessment of ergonomic risks applying subjective, mathematical and experimental (objective) methods were used. The chosen tools and technique are: Extended Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ-E); KIM (exposure scores for pushing/pulling, carrying), QEC (exposure levels for main body regions), OWAS (time sampling for body postures and force), RULA (categorization of upper limb postures and force with action levels), MAC (manual handling assessment charts), NIOSH (lifting equations, biomechanical load limits), SI (the strain index), workload energy expenditure (WEE), heart rate monitoring (HRM), myotonometry (MYO), NASA-TLX (mental and physical workload interaction/task load index), WAI (work ability index). The chosen methods have been categorized under four main headings: 1) self-reports from workers, 2) observation methods, 3) mathematical methods, 4) direct measurement of exposure variables at work.Analysing these methods it was established that KIM, QEC, NIOSH, OWAS, WAI and HRM are more suitable for quick assessment of the ergonomic risks at work, while the RULA, WEE and MYO are more complicated for quick assessment. It was found that employee's subjective point of view on workload does not always coincide with the objective measurement results. It was concluded that the physical load assessment methods, analysed in this study, are successfully introduced in Latvia, and preventive measures, such as medical hypnotherapy, including cognitive hypnotherapy and self-hypnosis training sessions, are effective methods to decrease composite chronic pain intensity, as well as to decrease psychogenic tension and muscle fatigue, and to increase the life quality.
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Di Marino, Castrese, Andrea Tarallo, Andrea Vitali, and Daniele Regazzoni. "Collaborative Robotics and Ergonomics: A Scientific Review." In ASME 2021 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-72919.

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Abstract Collaborative robotics, or Human-Robot Collaboration (HRC), is a challenging topic characterized by multidisciplinary approaches. Many researchers are facing this innovative manufacturing system studying several aspects such as task allocation, facility layout problem and timing. Above all, one of the most important issues in collaborative robotics is the wellbeing of the operator collaborating with the robot system during the different phases of the process. The added value of a collaborative workplace respect to the manual and automatic workplaces is strictly correlated to a safe and ergonomic interaction between the operator and the robot. Indeed, the combination of robot and operator skills lead to a higher level of accuracy and flexibility. Thus, assessing operator’s working conditions requires the acquisition, eventually in real time, of relevant parameters such as posture, movements, and interactive tasks. This may require the adoption of existing metrics proposed by standard evaluation guidelines, as well as the introduction of new or modified prescription to consider the presence of the robot. The ergonomics analysis in collaborative robotics is evaluated by considering both physical and cognitive aspects of the operator during the interaction with the robot. The research work aims to carry out a scientific bibliometric literature review (BLR) about the ergonomics analysis of collaborative workplaces, and to identify methods and tools for the physical and cognitive ergonomics assessment that can be adopted in collaborative robotics. The search has been accomplished using the Scopus database by means of a set of key words specifically defined to investigate the ergonomics in the collaborative robotics. The review provides a sharp classification, a critical analysis of the most relevant contributions in this field so that emerging trends for future development can be defined and discussed.
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Reports on the topic "Ergonomics tools and methods"

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Olefirenko, Nadiia V., Ilona I. Kostikova, Nataliia O. Ponomarova, Kateryna O. Lebedieva, Vira M. Andriievska, and Andrey V. Pikilnyak. Training elementary school teachers-to-be at Computer Science lessons to evaluate e-tools. [б. в.], July 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3890.

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The study purpose is to develop methodological support for students’ training for evaluation e-tools for young learners and to check its effectiveness experimentally. The module “Expert evaluation of the quality of e-tools for young learners” is offered for teachers-to-be. The determination of the weighting factor of each criterion by expert evaluations was organized. Educational principles, correlation e-tool content with the curriculum, interactivity, multimedia, assistance system, ergonomic requirements are mentioned. On the basis of the criterion rank, the significance of each criterion was calculated. The indicators to determine the level of preliminary expert evaluations of e-tools are proposed. The results are calculated with nonparametric methods of mathematical statistics, in particular, Pearson’s criterion χ2. The conclusion is the expert evaluation has different activity stages, gradually becoming a common phenomenon. Training teachers-to-be for e-tool expert evaluation at Computer Science, Mathematics, English is a complex process.
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Tilger, Christopher Frank, and Michael John Murphy. Subtask 1.2 Advanced Methods – ExPIV Tools. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1511203.

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McMordie, K. L., E. E. Richman, J. M. Keller, and D. R. Dixon. Energy efficiency assessment methods and tools evaluation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10173953.

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Shatz, Sol M. Methods and Tools to Support Software Engineering Automation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada392761.

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Army Engineer Research & Development Center. Methods, Tools, and Data for Coastal System Resilience Assessments. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ad1001636.

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Sauser, Brian, and Martin Sarfaraz. System Maturity and Architecture Assessment Methods, Processes, and Tools. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada582064.

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NELYUBINA, E., and L. PANFILOVA. ASSESSMENT OF THE QUALITY OF EDUCATIONAL ELECTRONIC PUBLICATIONS AND RESOURCES. Science and Innovation Center Publishing House, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2658-4034-2021-12-4-2-85-97.

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Now the whole life of a person has switched to online mode. These changes also affected the education system. This means the need to introduce new technologies into the educational process. Books, manuals, printed publications are being replaced by electronic educational resources. Providing up-to-date, verified information to students has always been and remains one of the most important functions of the teacher. Unfortunately, with the transition of training to the online mode, the teacher cannot use his literature when conducting classes. In this regard, there is a need to use electronic resources. On the one hand, the development of the global network implies the presence of a large number of a wide variety of sites, which cannot but be a positive aspect, because both the teacher and the student can independently choose a resource that will be most understandable. But on the other hand, the variety of Internet resources implies the presence of unverified, false information, which can negatively affect the quality of education. That is why it is necessary to analyze new information systems. The problem is the presence of a large number of information technologies and resources used in education. Purpose. The goal is to conduct a comparative analysis of educational electronic publications and resources most often used by teachers of the natural science cycle in terms of their fullness, accessibility and use in the educational process. Method or methodology of the work. The requirements for the organization of a comprehensive examination suggest an approach that includes an examination of technical and technological, psychological, pedagogical and design-ergonomic aspects of the creation and use of educational electronic publications and resources, in our work we were based precisely on generalized research methods: 1) Technical and technological expertise (technical component of the site, its position in the network). 2) Psychological and pedagogical expertise (component by the type of educational electronic publication or resource, level of education, type and form of the educational process, assessment of the content and scenario of the informatization tool). 3) Design-ergonomic expertise (assessment of the quality of interface components of educational electronic publications and resources, their compliance with uniform ergonomic, aesthetic and health-saving requirements; assessment of the quality of interface components of educational electronic editions and resources, their compliance with uniform ergonomic, aesthetic and health-saving requirements). Results. The main sites that are frequently used by teachers of the natural science cycle of disciplines are the Russian Textbook corporation, the Enlightenment group of companies, the Binom publishing house, the Digital Age School, the practical significance of the study is determined by the high level of readiness of the results obtained, during the study it was found that it is advisable to introduce an information-electronic educational site - the Russian textbook corporation - into the pedagogical practice of the implementation of natural science subjects. The advantages of this server were established and recommendations for its use in the educational process were developed. Practical implications: the results obtained are expedient to be applied in educational institutions of the Russian Federation.
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Lundgren, Marja, and Johan Dahlberg, eds. Approaches, Methods and Tools for Solar Energy in Urban Planning. IEA SHC Task 51, August 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18777/ieashc-task51-2018-0004.

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Fountain, Matthew S., Robert T. Brigantic, and Reid A. Peterson. Statistical Methods and Tools for Hanford Staged Feed Tank Sampling. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1113604.

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Kibira, Deogratias, Katherine C. Morris, and Senthilkumaran Kumaraguru. Methods and Tools for Performance Assurance of Smart Manufacturing Systems. National Institute of Standards and Technology, December 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.8099.

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