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Academic literature on the topic 'ERAMS Systems'

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Published: 30 May 2022
Last updated: 31 May 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "ERAMS Systems"

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de Almeida Pereira, Dalay Israel, Ouail Himrane, Philippe Bon, and Julie Beugin. "From French National Signaling Systems to ERTMS: Considering the Evolution of Track-Side Systems." International Journal of Signal Processing Systems 9, no. 2 (June 2021): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijsps.9.2.11-16.

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In France, the railway lines are divided into the national and international lines. While the former has a proper implementation of the railway signalling systems as relay-based or computer-based systems, the latter follows the guidelines defined by the ERTMS standards, focusing on the interoperability throughout Europe. In a previous work we presented how the national legacy relay-based Railway Interlocking Systems (RIS) can evolve to use a computer-based technology in order to benefit from its advantages. In this present article, we present how these computer-based systems can be used in order to allow the evolution from a national line towards an ERTMS compliant international line. This proposition is based on the fact that the previous work provides the support for evolving the track-side technologies with, for instance, the use of GNSS for the train geo-localisation instead of electrical circuits-based train detection systems. Then, a discussion of the impact of this evolution over the system safety is presented.
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Collins, Maria. "Electronic Resource Management Systems (ERMS) Review." Serials Review 34, no. 4 (December 2008): 267–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00987913.2008.10765191.

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Kollmann, Tobias, Lucas Kleine-Stegemann, Katharina de Cruppe, and Christina Then-Bergh. "Eras of Digital Entrepreneurship." Business & Information Systems Engineering 64, no. 1 (December 6, 2021): 15–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12599-021-00728-6.

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AbstractWhile recent research continues to emphasize the importance of digital entrepreneurship, the historical terminology of this field is often overlooked. Digital entrepreneurship tends to be considered a new phenomenon despite emerging in the early 1990s. Building on a scoping literature review, this study analyzes 1354 publications that use nine different terms interchangeably to describe the phenomenon of digital entrepreneurship. Based on the number of publications per year, three eras in the historical development of digital entrepreneurship research are outlined. Digital technologies are identified as external enablers, and certain practical events are considered to be influencing factors. The results show that recent research has not adequately recognized the contributions of previous publications and that the understanding of digital entrepreneurship is quite similar with regard to the terms used and over time. This study shows how emerging digital technologies, such as artificial intelligence, blockchain technology, and big data analytics, might shape the future of digital entrepreneurship research. The study occupies the intersection between entrepreneurship and information systems literature and its main contribution is to provide new insights into the eras of digital entrepreneurship from the past to the present and into the future.
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Bisch, Steven P., Leah Gramlich, and Gregg Nelson. "Aplicación del programa ERAS® como una política de salud pública en el sistema de salud de Alberta, Canadá." Revista Argentina de Cirugía 113, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 169–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.25132/raac.v113.n2.eras03spb.ei.

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Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS®) was implemented across Alberta Health Services, a single payer publicly funded provincial health system starting in 2013. Implementation across multiple provincial sites in colorectal surgery reduced postoperative complications by 12% and median length of stay by one day. Subsequent implementation in gynecologic oncology reduced postoperative complications by 17% and length of stay by 2 days in high complexity surgery. Implementation has had an estimated net savings in the province of $7.22 million Canadian dollars (CAD) over 5 years with a return on investment of $1.05 to $7.31 for every dollar invested in the project. Patient involvement enabled success of the program, with support, education, and mitigation of patient stress identified as key components for success. Provider knowledge and motivation were essential to ensure ongoing compliance with ERAS guidelines. Provider education, and demonstration of improvement in patient outcomes using audit is one method to ensure continued motivation from care providers. Systemlevel leadership is essential to provide consistent messaging and support for initiatives, while providerlevel leadership in the form of physician champions and nurse coordinators ensures compliance and appropriate integration of ERAS into daily practice. Implementation of ERAS across a unified health care system has improved patient outcomes while saving resources. Further research into expansion of the program to community hospitals and all surgical domains is underway.
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Cioaca, Catalin, Cristian-George Constantinescu, Mircea Boscoianu, and Ramona Lile. "EXTREME RISK ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY (ERAM) IN AVIATION SYSTEMS." Environmental Engineering and Management Journal 14, no. 6 (2015): 1399–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.30638/eemj.2015.152.

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Mentz, Ricardo E., Juan P. Campana, Uriel Fraidenraij, Santiago M. Mata-Suarez, Adrián O. Álvarez, and Santiago Mc Loughlin. "Implementación de un programa ERAS®." Revista Argentina de Cirugía 113, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.25132/raac.v113.n2.eras05rem.ei.

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Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) is a model of care that involves the implementation of care pathways before, during and after surgery designed to improve patient’s experience throughout the perioperative period. Yet, the implementation of individual ERAS protocol elements is not sufficient. This approach requires the creation of a multidisciplinary work team, systematic recording of data and mthe use of the information recorded to implement a cycle of continuous improvement. Since 2015, 1331 patients have been recorded by Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires. Median length of hospital stay was 4 days and median readmission rate was 7.3%. The overall adherence to the protocol elements was 56% (88% in the preoperative period, 60% in the intraoperative period and 39% in the postoperative period) There was a linear and inverse correlation between the adherence to the program and length of hospitalization for the most common surgical procedures, with an average decrease of one day of hospitalization for each 10% increase in adherence with the program for the most common surgical procedures. Despite these results, we have encountered difficulties in the data recording systems limiting the implementation of the cycle of continuous improvement. The creation of a multidisciplinary team, with fluent and efficient communication, is essential for the implementation of an ERAS® program capable of reducing length of hospital stay, morbidity and readmission rates.
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Simon, Jason C. "Building your own ERMS." Library Hi Tech News 32, no. 3 (May 5, 2015): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lhtn-08-2014-0071.

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Purpose – The paper aims to demonstrate a method for creating an electronic resource management system (ERMS) from freely available open source tools. This system will help manage bibliographic data, holdings and statistical and financial data for electronic databases and periodicals. Design/methodology/approach – The paper demonstrates how to create a database and interface for managing serials and electronic resources using PHP and MySQL within a *AMP framework. Findings – By following this approach, libraries can maintain structured data regarding their electronic and print holdings with minimal expense and with flexibility that is not necessarily possible through large commercial products, while avoiding the burden of implementing a large, open source solution. Originality/value – While many products exist on the market, either commercial or large open source solutions, there is little documentation on how to create a small scalable ERMS. This paper attempts to demonstrate a method.
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Popov, Lubomir, and Franklin Goza. "The Architectural Object as a Sociospatial System." European Review Of Applied Sociology 10, no. 15 (December 1, 2017): 41–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eras-2017-0008.

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AbstractConcerns with the social inadequacy of architecture and the movement towards user-centred design call for new perspectives and architectural visions that can help alleviate usability problems and make buildings more user-friendly and accommodating in supporting user operations. Accordingly, this study proposes the concept of the sociospatial system. This conceptualization is based on premises of the systems approach and a social science interpretation of the problem. We provide a foundation for relating spatial-material objects and sociocultural phenomena, for homogenizing different discipline perspectives, and for developing relational descriptions of the systems components. This allows the built environment to be represented in terms of the sociocultural organism that it accommodates. The elastic concept of the sociospatial system described herein can be used as a holistic framework for the study of sociospatial interactions; including facilities programming and design, where this way of thinking can facilitate a holistic interpretation of a wide array of considerations.
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Medeiros, Norm. "ERMS implementation: navigating the wilderness." OCLC Systems & Services: International digital library perspectives 23, no. 2 (June 5, 2007): 113–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10650750710748405.

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Medeiros, Norm. "Accommodating consortia within electronic resource management systems." OCLC Systems & Services: International digital library perspectives 22, no. 4 (October 1, 2006): 238–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10650750610706934.

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PurposeThis article aims to identify areas where the ERMI specifications should extend to accommodate library consortia.Design/methodology/approachThe article notes current ERMI field definitions and their limitations vis‐à‐vis libraries wishing to share an electronic resource management system (ERMS).FindingsThe article makes clear the reasons for the proposed ERMI extensions, and provides a means of effecting the extensions.Originality/valueReaders interested in purchasing an ERMS as part of a library group will be familiarized with potential pitfalls to their implementation.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "ERAMS Systems"

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Drach, T. O., and O. E. Goloskokov. "Research and development of software and software components of the information system of situational management in the enterprise." Thesis, NTU "KhPI", 2017. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/38216.

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Lindström, Gustaf. "Is GSM-R the limiting factor for the ERTMS system capacity?" Thesis, KTH, Trafik och logistik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-101811.

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The European Rail Traffic Management System, ERTMS, is introduced as a common signalling system for the European railway network. ERTMS consist of two main parts, the signalling part ETCS and the radio transmission system GSM-R, based on the well-established GSM standard. The question to be answered in this thesis is if the capacity of GSM-R is limiting the ETCS part in any way. If that is the fact, how can the limitations be overcome? Looking forward, will public mobile system with high transmission capacity like GPRS, LTE etc influence GSM-R? GSM-R year 2020: how will it look? The thesis describes the basic functions of ETCS and GSM-R, and the way they are interconnected. The study shows that the capacity of GSM-R is sufficient for signalling on the line, even for high speed traffic. Problems occur with a high density of GSM-R users in a limited area, for example at large stations and marshalling yards. Also the combination of a station, with many but slowly moving units, and a main line, with few but fast moving units, passing through the same area can cause problems. The thesis describes various ways to solve this issue. Right now these problems are solved with advanced cell-planning and the use of lower level implementation of ERTMS, not depend on GSM-R. In the longer run the main solution is to introduce higher capacity packet-switched solutions like GPRS. An even greater problem at the moment is that public mobile operators providing high-speed data services in the near-by frequency bands interfere with GSM-R. The solution to this problem is presented as well as the problems the solution itself is causing. In the long term perspective ERTMS will depend more and more on reliable data communication by radio and packet-switched high speed radio solutions, which will definitely be a part of ERTMS. To address the question raised in the thesis title: is GSM-R the limiting factor for the ERTMS system capacity? NO, considering the actions taken and the sometimes unconventional solutions used based on engineering expertise and creativity, GSM-R is not the limiting factor in ERTMS right now. YES, in the long run and with broader usage of ERTMS, GSM-R has to have a higher capacity, more functionality and be a more standardized system: more “plug&play” than “plug&pray”.
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Gafurzade, Elchin. "Development of an automation tool for data configuration of signaling systems." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.

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This thesis work, which was realized at ALSTOM S. p. A., focuses on the communication between trackside equipment and the train, which is performed via various protocols to have information in advance about the state of the railway. The object is developing, after a careful analysis of the communication system, the software for the configuration parameters of the database files. Chapter 1, after a brief review of the European regulatory environment in railroad, explains the European Railway Traffic Management System (ERTMS), the European Train Control System (ETCS), and the radio-based telecommunications standard used (GSM-R). Chapter 2 outlines the software and hardware architecture of Radio Block Center (RBC), in concordance with the specifications furnished by the European Railway Agency (ERA). Furthermore, it provides descriptions of the utilized peripheral interfaces. Finally, chapter 3, which is the core of the thesis work, illustrates an algorithm and software solution for data configuration implemented in Python. Moreover, it examines the structure of parameters, conversion rules, and data types.
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Berthelot, Martin R. "Spectacle and Resistance in the Modern and Postmodern Eras." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/24272.

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The advanced stage of capitalism that we now live in has brought many changes to the way that society consumes and produces. One of the biggest shifts to the modern economy was the use of visual culture to distract, pacify, and exert power over the masses; a cultural change French theorist Guy Debord named the Society of the Spectacle. As a result, Debord and the Situationist International developed a movement of resistance to reclaim the territories of everyday life being eroded by the spectacle through separation and alienation. Since the term was coined the use of visual culture has accelerated and become even more pervasive in the postmodern world which led Jean Baudrillard to claim that the real has been replaced by simulation and hyperreality. This thesis explores this cultural shift to determine whether the practices of resistance theorized by Debord and the Situationists are still relevant as the reach of postmodernism increases. Link to associated video file: https://vimeo.com/64727252
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Wenzel, Benedikt. "Entwicklung eines neuartigen rechnergestützten Validierungsverfahrens für telegrammbasierte Zugsicherungssysteme am Beispiel von ETCS." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-124089.

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Mit der Einführung des europäischen Zugsicherungssystems ETCS sind durch die umfassenden Telegrammdaten, die zwischen Zug und Strecke ausgetauscht werden, neue Herausforderungen bei der Planung, Projektierung, aber auch Prüfung und Validierung verbunden. Im Rahmen der Dissertation wird ein neuartiges Verfahren zur Validierung sicherheitskritischer Anteile von ETCS-Nachrichten entwickelt. Der Ansatz beruht auf der topologischen Aufbereitung der Nachrichteninhalte in einem vierstufigen Prozess. Das Ergebnis der Aufbereitung erlaubt sowohl den automatisierten Abgleich gegen Referenzdaten als auch eine visuelle Prüfung gegen Topologiepläne. Das Optimierungspotential des Ansatzes bei der Validierung wird im Rahmen einer Erprobung anhand realer Projektdaten bestätigt. Mit der topologischen Aufbereitung werden die komplexen Nachrichteninhalte in eine für den Prüfer erfassbare und zu den Referenzdaten vergleichbare Form überführt. Redundante Nachrichteninhalte werden im Zuge der Aufbereitung erkannt und zusammengefasst, was gleichermaßen zur Minimierung des Prüfaufwands sowie zur Erhöhung des Abdeckungsgrades beiträgt.
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Rüsche, Simon Frederik [Verfasser]. "Untersuchungen zu Effizienzsteigerungen des European Railway Traffic Management System ERTMS durch die Einführung von paketvermittelten drahtlosen Übertragungsverfahren / Simon Frederik Rüsche." Aachen : Shaker, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1084536056/34.

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Mekki, Ahmed. "Contribution à la Spécification et à la Vérification des Exigences Temporelles : Proposition d’une extension des SRS d’ERTMS niveau 2." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ECLI0006/document.

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Les travaux développés dans cette thèse visent à assister le processus d’ingénierie des exigences temporelles pour les systèmes complexes à contraintes de temps. Nos contributions portent sur trois volets : la spécification des exigences, la modélisation du comportement et la vérification. Pour le volet spécification, une nouvelle classification des exigences temporelles les plus communément utilisées a été proposée. Ensuite, afin de cadrer l’utilisateur durant l’expression des exigences, une grammaire de spécification à base de motifs prédéfinis en langage naturel est développée. Les exigences générées sont syntaxiquement précises et correctes quand elles sont prises individuellement, néanmoins cela ne garantie pas la cohérence de l’ensemble des exigences exprimées. Ainsi, nous avons développé des mécanismes capables de détecter certains types d’incohérences entre les exigences temporelles. Pour le volet modélisation du comportement, nous avons proposé un algorithme de transformation des state-machine avec des annotations temporelles en des automates temporisés. L’idée étant de manipuler une notation assez intuitive et de générer automatiquement des modèles formels qui se prêtent à la vérification. Finalement, pour le volet vérification, nous avons adopté une technique de vérification à base d’observateurs et qui repose sur le model-checking. Concrètement, nous avons élaboré une base de patterns d’observation (ou observateurs) ; chacun des patterns développés est relatif à un type d’exigence temporelle dans la nouvelle classification. Ainsi, la vérification est réduite à une analyse d’accessibilité des états correspondants à la violation de l’exigence associée
The work developed in this thesis aims to assist the engineering process of temporal requirements for time-constrained complex systems. Our contributions concern three phases: the specification, the behaviour modelling and the verification. For the specification of temporal requirements, a new temporal properties typology taking into account all the common requirements one may meet when dealing with requirements specification, is introduced. Then, to facilitate the expression, we have proposed a structured English grammar. Nevertheless, even if each requirement taken individually is correct, we have no guarantee that a set of temporal properties one may express is consistent. Here we have proposed an algorithm based on graph theory techniques to check the consistency of temporal requirements sets. For the behaviour modelling, we have proposed an algorithm for transforming UML State Machine with time annotations into Timed Automata (TA). The idea is to allow the user manipulating a quite intuitive notation (UML SM diagramsduring the modelling phase and thereby, automatically generate formal models (TA) that could be used directly by the verification process. Finally, for the verification phase, we have adopted an observer-based technique. Actually, we have developed a repository of observation patterns where each pattern is relative to a particular temporal requirement class in our classification. Thereby, the verification process is reduced to a reachability analysis of the observers’ KO states relatives to the requirements’ violation
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Antoš, Vladimír. "Využití satelitních navigačních systémů v železniční dopravě." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-71728.

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The aim of this thesis is to determine the feasibility and benefits of potential use of satellite navigation in rail transport. The theoretical part focuses on the operation of satellite navigation and a description of important systems. The practical part deals with the use in rail transport. Analysis of telematics and fleet management shows one direction of use. Furthermore, there is analyzing of the projects and their value added and usability in practice. Thesis provides a description of the situation and opinion on future use of satellite systems.
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Qiu, Siqi. "Modèles graphiques de l'évaluation de Sûreté de Fonctionnement et l'analyse des risques des Systèmes de Systèmes en présence d'incertitudes." Thesis, Compiègne, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014COMP2160.

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Les Systèmes de Systèmes (SdSs) sont des grands systèmes dont les composants sont eux-mêmes des systèmes qui interagissent en vue de la réalisation de certaines fonctions, et pour lesquels le dysfonctionnement d'un seul système peut avoir des conséquences graves sur le fonctionnement du SdS entier. Il est donc important que la conception de ces SdSs tienne compte des exigences de Sûreté de Fonctionnement (SdF) et notamment de leur fiabilité et leur disponibilité quand ils sont sollicités. Par ailleurs, il est nécessaire qu'elle s'assure, par le biais d'analyses quantitatives, du respect de ces exigences. L'incertitude est également une partie importante de la thèse, parce qu'il y a toujours des différences entre un système et sa représentation par un modèle. L’objectif de cette thèse est de proposer une méthodologie de conception sûre des SdSs. Il s'agit dans un premier temps de proposer un modèle dysfonctionnel du SdS global intégrant les aspects matériels, les aspects réseaux ainsi que le facteur humain. Dans un second temps, il s'agit d'évaluer des exigences de SdF. Dans un troisième temps, il s'agit de prendre en compte de différents types d'incertitudes dans les modèles. Concernant la partie applicative, le sujet s'articulerait autour de la conception sûre d'un système ferroviaire. La contribution principale de cette thèse réside dans trois aspects. Premièrement, on propose une méthodologie générale pour modéliser des SdSs. Deuxièmement, on considère l'ERTMS Niveau 2 comme un SdS et évalue ses exigences de SdF en tenant compte de l'indisponibilité du SdS comme une propriété émergente. Troisièmement, on modélise quantitativement différents types d'incertitudes dans les modèles proposés en utilisant les théories probabilistes et non probabilistes
Systems of Systems (SoS) are large systems whose components are themselves systems which interact to realize a common goal, and for which the malfunction of a single system can have some serious consequences on the performance of the whole SoS. So it’s important that the design of these SoSs takes into account the dependability requirements of safety standard. In this thesis, our interests concern the modeling of SoS and the reliability analysis of SoS under uncertainty which is due to the lack of knowledge related to failure data and model. Therefore, two modeling methods which deal with different issues are applied to model SoSs and the corresponding quantitative reliability analysis is proposed. The objective of this thesis is to propose graphical models for dependability assessment and risk analysis of SoSs under uncertainty. Firstly, it will propose a dysfunctional model of the ERTMS which is considered as an SoS. The model will integrate the hardware aspect, the network aspect and the human factors. Then, it will evaluate some dependability attributes of the whole SoS. Later, it will take different kinds of uncertainties into account quantitatively. The proposed methodology is applied on the ERTMS Level 2. The main contribution of this thesis lies in three aspects. First, we propose a methodology to model and evaluate SoSs. Second, we consider ERTMS Level 2 as an SoS and seek to evaluate its dependability parameters by considering the unavailability of the whole SoS as an emergent property. Third, we model quantitatively different kinds of uncertainties in the proposed models
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Lin, Chen, and Jing Ma. "A Validation of an IT Investment Evaluation Model in Health and Social Care : A case study of ERAS Interactive Audit System (EIAS)." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Informatik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-20119.

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Introduction: The traditional IT investment evaluation methods and/or techniques tend to measure the quantitative value added by eHealth. However, there are contributions brought by innovation which are intangible and sundry, and thus are difficult to identify, measure and manage. A model presented by Vimarlund & Koch (2011) aims for identifying the benefits that IT investments bring to health and social care organizations. It could be used as a tool that identifies and classifies the effects and indicators of IT innovation in-vestments at different organizational levels for different stakeholders. Purpose and research questions: This is an evaluative study with the purpose to validate Vimarlund & Koch’s (2011) evaluation model through practical application. A care study of EIAS (ERAS Interactive Audit System) is conducted. ERAS stands for Enhanced Recovery After Surgery, which is an innovative process aims to enhance patient’s outcome after ma-jor surgery. EIAS is a system that supports the ERAS process. The aim is to achieve a deep understanding of IT investment evaluation. The model will be used in a real case as a guide to evaluate and identify impact that derives from the use and implementation of IT applica-tions. The process of evaluation could also be seen as a process of validation of the model in terms of comprehensiveness, practicality and applicability. Through this study, we aim to find out: 1) What are the possible contributions that EIAS brings to Jönköping County Council? 2) How is the performance of Vimarlund & Koch’s (2011) evaluation model in practical application, in terms of comprehensiveness, practicality and applicability? Method: The purpose of this study is evaluative and it is conducted by using adductive ap-proach. Single case study will be adopted as the research strategy. In this study, qualitative data will be collected through semi-structured interview with key respondents. The data collected will be analyzed qualitatively with a narrative approach. Conclusion: Guided by Vimarlund & Koch’s (2011) evaluation model, the innovations that have been brought into healthcare organizations by EARS are electronic information supply, internal integration of clinical information and possibilities to learn from the system. The model has been validated in terms of comprehensiveness, practicality and applicability. The evaluation model is a generic model to demonstrate the contribution of IT to innovation and change in health care. It could be used in both formative and summative assessment and as well as goal-free and goal-based evaluation. The issue of the productivity paradox has been noticed as some effects are not immediate after introducing of IT. User-participation or not could be considered as an important condition for the validity of the evaluation guided by the evaluation model.
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Books on the topic "ERAMS Systems"

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Eritrean Relief Association. Field Coordinating Office. ERA's distribution system: An overview. Himbol, Eritrea: Eritrean Relief Association, Field Coordinating Office, 1986.

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Negri, Carolina. Tra corte, casa e monastero La vita di una donna nel Giappone del Medioevo. Venice: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-536-0.

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In Japanese history the establishment of the ie, or family system, on which patriarchal authority was based, represents one of the most important turning points. The ie that came into being from the late eleventh century onwards, differs from the uji that had characterised previous eras, not so much on account of its patriarchal system but because it would place the married couple in prime position. The family, previously made up of a man engaging in occasional relationships with a number of women, would gradually become a more stable nucleus comprising of a husband with a wife who enjoyed a legally recognised position of privilege compared with all the other concubines. After her husband’s death, she would naturally become a sort of substitute figure, often gaining considerable authority and prestige. With the threat of the Mongolian invasions (from 1274 and 1281) and the consequent increase in limitations on women’s inheritance rights, many widows were forced to take vows as a sign of loyalty and tangible proof of their choice not to remarry if they were to secure their husband’s property. The literary production of Nun Abutsu (1225 ca.-1283 ca.) written in a period which led to the inevitable breakdown of the economic, social, and political balance of Japan, offers a realistic description of women’s ambitions, duties and concerns in an era of great transformation. In a close reading of her major works Abutsu no fumi (The letter of Abutsu, 1264 ca.), Utatane (Fitful slumbers, XIII century) and Izayoi nikki (The Diary of the sixteenth night moon, 1280 ca.), the book casts light on some important issues in Japanese women’s history: the gradual shift from uxorical to virilocal marriage, the consequences of this process for inheritance patterns, the meaning of women’s participation in the intellectual life of their time.
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Haugen, Peter. World History for Dummies. New York, USA: Hungry Minds, 2001.

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World History For Dummies. New York, USA: Wiley Publishing, 2001.

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Haugen, Peter. Historia del mundo. Bogotá: Norma, 2002.

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Transport, European Commission Directorate-General, ed. European rail traffic management system: ERTMS. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1996.

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European rail traffic management system: ERTMS (Transport research). Unipub [distributor], 1996.

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Ranney, Joseph A. A Legal History of Mississippi. University Press of Mississippi, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496822574.001.0001.

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Sixty years ago, one historian described state legal history as a “wasteland,” a neglected but vitally important part of American history. Legal histories of individual states are now beginning to appear. With this book, Mississippi joins their ranks. The book describes the evolution of Mississippi’s legal system and analyses the changes in that system during the state’s first 200 years. The book examines the interaction of law and society during six key periods of change: (1) Mississippi’s colonial and territorial eras and early years of statehood, when the foundations for its legal system were laid; (2) the evolution of Mississippi slavery and slave law during the early nineteenth century; (3) the state’s role as a leader of legal reform during the age of Andrew Jackson; (4) the unfolding of the Mississippi’s legal response to emancipation and wartime economic devastation during the Reconstruction and early Jim Crow eras; (5) Mississippi’s legal evolution during the Progressive Era and its response to the crisis of the Great Depression; and (6) the state’s legal response to the civil rights and cultural revolutions that have unfolded since 1950.
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Historical Perspectives on the State of Health and Health Systems in Africa, Volume I: The Pre-Colonial and Colonial Eras. Palgrave Macmillan, 2017.

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Seybolt, Taylor B. Humanitarian Intervention and International Security. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.217.

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Humanitarian intervention is the use of military intervention in a state to achieve socioeconomic objectives, such as keeping people alive and communities functioning by providing basic necessities, without the approval of its authorities. There are three eras of humanitarian intervention: the entire time up to the end of World War II, the Cold War, and the post-Cold War period. These three eras are distinguished by differences in the structure of the international system. Ultimately, the Western intellectual tradition of just war is the foundation for contemporary international law governing armed conflict. It is grounded in natural law, which recognizes the right of sovereigns to use force to uphold the good of the human community, particularly in cases where unjust injury is inflicted on innocents. Eventually, a diverse body of literature on humanitarian intervention has developed. The contemporary debate focuses on the long-standing disagreement between positive law and natural law about coercive intervention. Political scientists use realist and constructivist paradigms to analyze the motives of intervening states and to argue for or against the practice. Proponents favor humanitarian intervention on the basis of legitimacy and the consequences of nonintervention. Opponents argue against intervention on the basis of illegitimacy, practical constraints, and negative consequences. Meanwhile, skeptics sympathize with the humanitarian impulse to help civilians but are troubled about methods and consequences.
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Book chapters on the topic "ERAMS Systems"

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Ferier, Laurent, Svitlana Lukicheva, and Stanislas Pinte. "ERTMS Modeling Using EFS." In Formal Methods Applied to Industrial Complex Systems, 137–63. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119004707.ch6.

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Młyńczak, Jakub, Andrzej Toruń, and Lucyna Bester. "European Rail Traffic Management System (ERTMS)." In Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, 217–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19150-8_7.

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Barberio, Gregorio, Beniamino Di Martino, Nicola Mazzocca, Luigi Velardi, Aniello Amato, Renato De Guglielmo, Ugo Gentile, et al. "An Interoperable Testing Environment for ERTMS/ETCS Control Systems." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 147–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10557-4_18.

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Pépin, Florent, and Maria Grazia Vigliotti. "Risk Assessment of the 3Des in ERTMS." In Reliability, Safety, and Security of Railway Systems. Modelling, Analysis, Verification, and Certification, 79–92. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33951-1_6.

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Haklay, Mordechai. "The Three Eras of Environmental Information: The Roles of Experts and the Public." In Understanding Complex Systems, 163–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25658-0_8.

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Bartholomeus, Maarten, Bas Luttik, and Tim Willemse. "Modelling and Analysing ERTMS Hybrid Level 3 with the mCRL2 Toolset." In Formal Methods for Industrial Critical Systems, 98–114. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00244-2_7.

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Kochan, Andrzej, and Emilia Koper. "Mathematical Model of the Movement Authority in the ERTMS/ETCS System." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 215–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27687-4_22.

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Ait Wakrime, Abderrahim, Rahma Ben Ayed, Simon Collart-Dutilleul, Yves Ledru, and Akram Idani. "Formalizing Railway Signaling System ERTMS/ETCS Using UML/Event-B." In Model and Data Engineering, 321–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00856-7_21.

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Schuitemaker, Katja, G. Maarten Bonnema, Marco Kuijsten, Heidi van Spaandonk, and Mohammad Rajabalinejad. "Safety Architecture Overview Framework for the Prediction, Explanation and Control of Risks of ERTMS." In Complex Systems Design & Management, 145–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04209-7_12.

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de Ruiter, Joeri, Richard J. Thomas, and Tom Chothia. "A Formal Security Analysis of ERTMS Train to Trackside Protocols." In Reliability, Safety, and Security of Railway Systems. Modelling, Analysis, Verification, and Certification, 53–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33951-1_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "ERAMS Systems"

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Coenraad, W. J. "ERTMS and ATP." In 2nd IEE Residential Course on Railway Electrification Infrastructure Systems. IEE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic:20050627.

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Chabanon, David. "CBTC/ERTMS/PTC Convergence." In 2013 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2013-2447.

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A trend has recently emerged in re-signaling projects, especially in Europe, where infrastructure managers of large commuter rails are facing a dilemma: “should we install CBTC (Communication Based Train Control) or ERTMS (European Rail Traffic, Management System) — or both?” These commuter rails often span over a large territory, interfacing sometimes with the national network and have to cross through high-density traffic sections in crowded cities. This paper discusses this dilemma and the factors that contribute to the decision-making process of deploying a new signaling system. These factors, often captured early in the business case of the project, are more complex than the simple issues of a) high throughput capability (leaning toward CBTC) and b) interoperability needs (leaning toward ERTMS). Other factors are considered in the business case such as: operating needs of the railway including the regulation concepts, reducing the Life Cycle Cost of the system, the risk level that the owner is willing to carry, other high-profile national roll-out plans and special needs of key stakeholders. All of these different factors and parameters are discussed in this paper, and are illustrated by actual re-signaling projects in London, Paris, Madrid and Istanbul. The main characteristics of ERTMS and CBTC are presented with their pros and cons for these types of applications. The paper further discusses how the industry is reacting to this emerging trend. Are there any state-of-the-art signaling solutions from the suppliers that can fit these types of projects? The paper also gives an overview of the recent progress of the European Rail Industry in terms of research and development for future signaling systems in urban / suburban areas. Meanwhile, Positive Train Control (PTC) systems are being deployed in North America on class 1 railroads as mandated by the US congress, primarily as a means to increase safety. At the same time, some US rail transit agencies are adopting CBTC (albeit at a slow pace). The paper explores if there are any lessons from Europe related to CBTC/ERTMS convergence that could apply in North America related to CBTC/PTC convergence.
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Daian, Gheorghe Iulian, and Tiberiu Stefan Letia. "Consistency analysis of ERTMS monitoring systems." In 2012 IEEE International Conference on Automation, Quality and Testing, Robotics (AQTR 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aqtr.2012.6237770.

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Fanea, Alex. "Solutions for Cross-Border Technical Interoperability With ERTMS: ERTMS-PTC Convergence." In 2017 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2017-2280.

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This paper provides an overview of current solutions for Cross-Border technical interoperability offered by ERTMS and introduces convergence points between the ERTMS and PTC system architectures. Seen as an overlay system for legacy national ATP/ATC in Europe, ERTMS definition was initiated with the announced purpose of solving cross-border technical interoperability. Beyond the carrier for voice and data radio communications, the paper will introduce the current technical solutions to ensure interoperability, the building blocks and founding principles, focusing on key requirements and design choices. The reasons for the global success of ERTMS well outside Europe will be explored, offering the author’s view on factors that influenced decision making in favor of ERTMS-based system solutions, and provided significant commercial success (end of 2014, more track-km were fitted with ERTMS outside Europe). The same system architecture that ensured technical interoperability, allowed purchasing decisions supporting ERTMS, due to perceived inter-changeability of technical components (multi-vendor supply was ensured), along with public availability of detailed system specifications and hazard analyses. To conclude, the paper will review the convergence points between ERTMS and PTC, and offer a possible way forward into using ERTMS building blocks for a PTC solution.
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Hassami, A. G., and A. G. Foord. "Systems safety - a real example (European rail traffic management system, ERTMS)." In People in Control. Human Factors in Control Room Design. Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp:20010484.

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Boudi, Zakaryae, El Miloudi El Koursi, and Simon Collart-Dutilleul. "HCPN Modeling for ERTMS Requirements Specification." In 2015 IEEE 16th International Symposium on High Assurance Systems Engineering (HASE). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hase.2015.11.

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Ruscelli, Anna Lina, Gabriele Cecchetti, and Piero Castoldi. "Cloud Networks for ERTMS Railways Systems (Short Paper)." In 2016 5th IEEE International Conference on Cloud Networking (Cloudnet). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cloudnet.2016.33.

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Barnard, B. "TASS - ERTMS-Compatible Control of Tilting Trains." In 11th IET Professional Development Course on Railway Signalling and Control Systems. Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic.2006.0688.

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Aller, M. Mendez, H. Lu, A. C. Gossard, U. Nandi, J. C. Norman, and S. Preu. "ErAs Enhanced Active Photonic THz Components." In 2018 First International Workshop on Mobile Terahertz Systems (IWMTS). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iwmts.2018.8454690.

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Bloomfield, R. "Fundamentals of European Rail Traffic Management System - ERTMS." In 11th IET Professional Development Course on Railway Signalling and Control Systems. Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic.2006.0684.

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Reports on the topic "ERAMS Systems"

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Li, Guochang, Fei Tian, Zhijian Yang, Guozhong Zhang, and Yihe Feng. FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS ON K-TYPE EXTERNAL BRACED STEEL ERAME SYSTEM. The Hong Kong Institute of Steel Construction, December 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18057/icass2018.p.112.

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