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De, Roeck Robert Michael. "The rheology, microstructure and sedimentation behaviour of equine blood." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.621962.
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Fenner, Katharine (Kate) Helen. "The Equine Behavior Assessment and Research Questionnaire (E-BARQ): How the domestic equine triad can advance ethical equitation." Thesis, University of Sydney, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/24338.
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This thesis consists of eight chapters describing the development and validation of the Equine Behavior Assessment and Research Questionnaire (E-BARQ). The E-BARQ, a novel citizen science project, has the potential to change the way we understand horse behaviour by investigating the domestic equine triad of training, management and behaviour and linking its various interactions to outcomes and interventions. The way that horses are trained, handled, and managed influences their behaviour that, in turn, impacts both rider safety and horse welfare. While the fields of equine science and equitation science have made inroads into our understanding of horse behaviour, many traditional management and training techniques continue to be used today, despite the lack of an evidence-base to substantiate their efficacy. To obtain a baseline understanding of what constitutes normal behaviour in horses, it is necessary to collect, analyse and interpret large-scale, longitudinal, observational data relating to what I have dubbed the domestic equine triad. These data will reveal how our current training and management practices affect behaviour, a knowledge gap that could be argued to have, until now, compromised rider safety and horse welfare. The E-BARQ is designed to bridge this gap, deepen our understanding of horse behaviour and the horse-human dyad, and provide a robust, One Welfare evidence-base for future equine research promoting ethical equitation.
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De, Beer Ampie. "Influencing Leadership Skills, Behaviour and Values : an Equine Assisted Leadership Development Course Evaluation." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/59812.
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In the current turbulent business climate, the need for well-developed leaders, that can handle the internal and external corporate pressure, is increasing There are a number of established leadership development programs but not many that make use of experiential learning techniques. More recently, there has been an increase in Equine Assisted Leadership Development (EALD) Programmes in the world and in South Africa. There is evidence that Equine Assisted Programmes can have a positive lasting effect on the participants of the programme. The aim of this study is to evaluate an equine assisted leadership development programme. The focus is on the leader's behaviour change, the impact it has on their leadership style, and their perceived relationship with their followers.
Qualitative, exploratory researched methods were used to gain new insights into the behaviour change of the leaders after they had attended an Equine Assisted Leadership Development programme. A total of 13 semi- structured, in-depth interviews were conducted with leaders and senior leaders, 12 to 36 months after they attended the programme. The participants work in the mining industry. Each interview was analysed by means of thematic content analysis.
The leaders that attended the EALD courses shared their real-life experiences and the perceived impact the programme had on their leadership skills, behaviour and values. What emerged from the findings was an Equine Assisted Leadership Development Process Flow and Impact Model, which documented the journey of a leader taking part in an EALD programme, starting at the pre EALD course, through the process, to an end outcome resulting in improved leaderships skills, behaviour and a shift in values.
The final outcome of the programme is illustrated in an adapted model which divides impact areas into three groups: namely impact on the individual, their relationship with others and their team. Each grouping describes the change in leadership skills, behaviour and a shift in values that was enacted in the specific areas.Mini Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
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Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
MBA
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Giles, Sarah Louise. "Equine obesity : linking predictions from evolutionary biology with the ingestive behaviour and subsequent body condition of UK horses and ponies." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683555.
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This thesis assessed the factors influencing body condition and subsequent obesity risk in UK horses and ponies, using an interdisciplinary approach. It was novel in considering social and behavioural risk factors for obesity, using modelling to generate testable predictions, epidemiological risk factor studies to quantify the relative role of behavioural versus other factors, and behavioural fieldwork studies to support model predictions. In a partially outdoor-living population the prevalence of obesity was 27% at the end of winter, rising to 35% during summer. Regional nuchal crest adiposity had the opposite seasonal pattern. Breed was the most important factor in determining obesity risk. As horses and ponies became obese, usual seasonal variation in body condition was reduced, something not previously reported. The role of social and behavioural risk factors in determining body condition and subsequent obesity was highlighted. Dominance was strongly associated with body condition in two studies, where more dominant individuals tended to have a higher body condition score and greater obesity risk. Theoretical modelling predicted that differences in foraging efficiency could lead to stable and predictable body condition differences within pairs and trios of individuals. When tested empirically, foraging efficiency was associated with both dominance and body condition in domestic herds. Animals with a greater foraging efficiency generally had a higher body condition and were more dominant. A potential 'fattening cycle' is described whereby a greater body condition leads to a higher dominance status, allowing for a greater foraging efficiency, and further body condition increase. Herd dynamics and social relationships could therefore determine obesity risk. The direction of association between dominance, body condition and foraging efficiency requires future longitudinal investigation. Social and behavioural risk factors should be considered in future clinical investigations in group-living animals. A series of practical recommendations for horse owners are detailed.
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Mazzo, Hortencia Campos. "Suplementação de glicerina na dieta de equinos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10135/tde-03082018-153431/.
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A glicerina, na alimentação, pode ser considerada uma boa fonte energética. Assim, sua utilização como substituta em parte de grãos e outros alimentos ricos em amido é amplamente estuda já que esses alimentos podem causar alterações metabólicas e digestivas quando em alto consumo. Neste estudo, objetivou-se comparar níveis de adição de glicerina na dieta de equinos. Foram utilizados oito pôneis machos, castrados, da raça Mini-Horse, com idade aproximada de 9 anos ± 6 meses, peso corporal médio de 149,80 ± 17,20 kg e escore corporal médio de 5,4 ± 0,7. Os animais foram alojados em baias individuais. Adotou-se consumo diário individual de 1,75% do peso corporal (PC), sendo 1% do PC em matéria seca (MS) proveniente do volumoso e 0,75% do PC em MS do concentrado, com proporção 60:40 (volumoso:concentrado). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o quadrado latino duplo 4 x 4 contemporâneos. As dietas diferiram quanto ao nível de inclusão de glicerina (0, 4, 8 e 12%) que foram calculados com relação á porcentagem de concentrado fornecidos por animal. As avaliações foram realizada em quatro períodos, sendo 14 dias de adaptação à dieta, 5 dias de coleta total de fezes (CTF) e 2 semanas de intervalo entre os períodos. Avaliou-se a digestibilidade aparente total dos nutrientes e fermentabilidade da glicerina a partir da CTF, por meio das análises de respostas glicêmicas, insulinêmicas, ácido graxos da cadeia curta, ácidos graxos não esterificados (NEFA) e pH das fezes. Também foram realizadas análises de segurança e aceitabilidade que se constituiu de análises de função hepática e renal, triglicerídeos, colesterol e frações além da avaliação do comportamento alimentar dos animais. Além de análise de implicações econômica a partir da simulação de substituição do milho pela glicerina bruta. Os dados foram submetidos à análise pelo programa Statistical Analysis System (SAS Institute Inc., 2010). Para os resultados significativos, foi utilizado o teste de Tukey com P<0,05. Não houve diferenças entre os tratamentos em nenhuma das análises realizadas (P<0,05). A glicerina se mostrou palatável e com aceitabilidade. A substituição de milho por glicerina, mesmo em valores de 1%, representa economicamente 0,42% de ganho. A suplementação de glicerina bruta na dieta de equinos se apresenta como segura não afetando o comportamento alimentar, a higidez e a saúde digestiva dos animais, possuindo justificativa econômica para uso.Glycerin in food can be considered a good source of energy. Thus, its use as a substitute part of grains and other starchy foods is widely studied since these foods can cause metabolic and digestive changes when in high consumption. The objective of this study was to compare levels of glycerin addition in the equine diet. Eight male, castrated Mini-Horse male ponies, aged approximately 9 years ± 6 months, mean body weight of 149.80 ± 17.20 kg and mean body score of 5.4 ± 0.7 were used. The animals were housed in individual stalls. Individual daily consumption of 1.75% of body weight (CP) was used, with 1% CP in dry matter (DM) from bulky and 0.75% CP in DM from concentrate, with a ratio of 60:40 voluminous: concentrate). The experimental design used was the contemporary 4 x 4 double Latin square. The diets differed in the glycerin inclusion levels (0, 4, 8 and 12%) that were calculated in relation to the percentage of concentrate supplied per animal. The evaluations were performed in four periods, 14 days of adaptation to the diet, 5 days of total collection of feces (TCF) and 2 weeks of interval between periods. The total apparent digestibility of nutrients and fermentability of glycerol from the TCF were evaluated through glycemic, insulinemic, short chain fatty acid, non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) and faecal pH analyzes. Safety and acceptability analyzes were also performed, which consisted of analyzes of liver and renal function, triglycerides, cholesterol and fractions, besides the evaluation of the animals\' feeding behavior. In addition to analysis of economic implications from the simulation of substitution of corn by crude glycerin. The data were submitted to analysis by the Statistical Analysis System (SAS Institute Inc., 2010). For the significant results, the Tukey test was used with P <0.05. There were no differences between treatments in any of the analyzes performed (P <0.05). Glycerin was palatable and acceptable. The substitution of corn for glycerin, even at 1%, represents economically 0.42% gain. The supplementation of crude glycerin in the equine diet presents itself as safe, without affecting the alimentary behavior, the hygiene and the digestive health of the animals, with economic justification for use.
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Al-Jaru, Ayman I. "Equine spermatogenesis : meiotic chromosome behavior and recombination." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2010. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/1762/.
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Studying the spermatogenesis of horse is beneficial for the horse industry by identifying the causes of chromosomal abnormalities, which cause embryonic loss, congenital abnormalities and infertility. Little is known about the spermatogenesis in horse. This is the first report that investigates the horse spermatogenesis in detail, particularly metaphase I (MI) and prophase I (PI) stages of the first meiotic division. Meiotic recombination is considered to be the major outcome of meiosis. It is essential for proper chromosome segregation and formation of normal haploid gametes. Analysis of recombination frequency and distribution are crucial for genomic and association studies. Any alteration of the recombination frequency and positioning can cause non-disjunction and generation of aneuploidy. The frequency and distribution of chiasmata were estimated at MI chromosomes from fourteen fertile stallions. The average frequency of autosomal chiasmata was 49.45 ± 2.07, corresponding to a genetic length of 2,472.5 cM. All autosomal bivalents had at least one chiasma. The majority of chromosomes have one or two chiasmata, which are mostly distally localized. The frequency and the distribution as well as the genetic length of chiasmata were also estimated for the first time in eight different individual autosomes. Immunofluorescent localization was used to characterize the early stages of the first meiotic division as well as to examine the frequency and the distribution of DNA mismatch repair protein MutL Homologous Protein 1 (MLH1) foci on synaptonemal complexes (SCs) from sex fertile stallions. The mean frequency of autosomal recombination foci was 50.11±2.35. All autosomal bivalents had at least one recombination focus. In general, foci were located near the distal ends with some foci interstitially distributed. The distribution of MLH1 foci indicated positive interference; however, foci were very close to one another in rare instances. The average SCs relative length was highly correlated with the average number of MLH1 foci. MLH1 have been proposed to mark crossover sites at PI since the frequency and distribuation of MLH1 foci closely correspond to the frequency and distribution of chiasmata on MI chromosomes. iii | P a g e Spermatozoa viability, which include spermatozoa head and tail membrane integrity, acrosomal integrity and mitochondrial function assessment are the main sperm analysis parameters considered in this thesis to evaluate the stallion fertility using epididymal collected semen samples. The mean percentage of spermatozoa with viable heads and tails, using Chicago sky blue stain, was 81.26 ± 5.06. FITC-Pisum sativum agglutinin (FITC-PSA) and MitoTracer green were used successfully to assess the spermatozoal acrosomal status as well as the mitochondrial function, respectively. The mean percentage of spermatozoa with integrated acrosome was 93.85 ± 1.9, while for functional mitochondria was 95.63 ± 1.63. In conclusion, this finding is the cornerstone to understanding the genetic basis of normal horse spermatogenesis. Simultaneous assessment of different functional sperm parameters as well as investigating the synapsis and recombination frequency and distribution, at PI or MI, would assist with predictions of stallion fertility prior to breeding. In addition, this study will enable investigators to use linkage analysis in identifying and localising different genetic loci associated with specific traits.
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Parker, Matthew Oliver. "Behavioural correlates of the equine stereotypy phenotype." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2008. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/67410/.
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Stereotypic behaviour is characterised as repetitive, topographically invariant, rigid behaviour patterns, often displayed by captive, domestic and laboratory animals. The cause of these behaviours is thought primarily to be related to impoverished or species-atypical living environments, but recent research has outlined a neural phenotype, relating to basal ganglia dopamine physiology, which is common to several species. One species displaying the neural and associated behavioural phenotypes is the Horse. The purpose of this thesis was to explore, through behavioural assays, the behavioural phenotypes associated with endogenous basal ganglia dysfunction as a neural feature of equine oral stereotypy. In the first study, the behavioural effects of one aspect of the neural phenotype – downregualtion of dopamine transmission in the nigrostriatal pathways – were examined. Animals with the medial aspect of the dorsal striatum lesioned have been shown to exhibit learning differences in spatial navigation procedures. Employing two dry-maze procedures, stereotypic and control horses were required to locate food in different locations. No specific differences between the groups were found, but the stereotypic group were found to be less exploratory and tended to adopt ‘habitual’ response patterns. In the next studies, the behavioural effects of a further feature of the neural phenotype – upregulation of mesoaccumbens dopamine transmission – were examined. Chronic amphetamine exposure leads to a similar neural phenotype, and this offered an interesting hypothesis in the context of the endogenous change reported in stereotypic horses. A Pavlovian to Instrumental Transfer task was initially employed, in which horses were first trained in a Pavolvian procedure, and subsequently trained to perform an instrumental response, reinforced by the same food as in the Pavlovian phase. In the transfer phase, the Pavlovian conditioned stimulus was introduced in the context of the instrumental responding. It was predicted that response rates would increase during the transfer phase; however, the results were inconclusive. In the third study, further behavioural effects of increased mesoaccumbens dopamine were tested by employing an instrumental choice procedure. Stereotypic horses and controls were trained to choose between two mutually-exclusive schedules of reinforcement, one associated with a short delay to gain food and one with a longer delay. Chronic amphetamine exposure leads to a decrease in sensitivity to delay, and it was demonstrated that stereotypic horses showed similar patterns, failing to choose the shorter schedule. Finally, increased dopamine transmission is known to enhance the rate at which learning shifts from planned-action to habit, and this was examined in stereotypic horses using a ‘place-response’ preparation. Evidence was found to support this hypothesis in two variations of this procedure. The latter findings suggested an imbalance of the constituent cells that form the striatum: the striosome and matrix components. Taking this in conjunction with the other findings, this imbalance may hold the key to identifying the aetiology of stereotypic behaviour.
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Francis, Jesse. "SENSORY ANALYSIS OF EQUINE FEED PRODUCTS." OpenSIUC, 2020. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1787.
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Three experiments were conducted to investigate factors that may influence horse and consumer preference of equine feed products. The first experiment was a two-phase study designed to investigate the impact of oil-based palatants on horse preference when topically applied to a pelleted diet. In Phase One, treatment diets containing six palatants (banana, anise, apple, peppermint, spearmint, and orange) were compared to a control diet (corn oil) in a paired preference test. Phase Two then compared three palatants (anise, apple, and peppermint) to each other. Preference testing was comprised of a 15 second olfaction period followed by a 3 minute consumption period and first diet sniffed, first diet consumed, first action, aversive behaviors, excessive salivation, amount consumed, and number of chews were recorded. Results from Phase One revealed that orange negatively impacted palatability indicated by less consumption when compared to the control (P = 0.02), though there was no impact on chews per gram. No difference between control and treatment diets for first sniff or first consumed was observed when analyzed individually in either Phase One or Two, though there was a moderate positive correlation (ф = 0.39, P = 0.04) between olfaction and consumption during the peppermint and anise comparison. Consumption as the first action was consistent across all trials (P < 0.05). Anise was preferred over apple and peppermint as indicated by higher total consumption (P < 0.05) in Phase Two. The second experiment was designed to compare horse and consumer preferences of two horse treats products. Horses were presented with two different treat products in a paired preference test comprised of separate olfaction and consumption periods. Additionally, consumers evaluated the two different horse treat products separately for purchase intent as well as consumer preference using a Hedonic ranking scale of the sensory attributes. Consumer data were analyzed by comparing 1) the preferences of horse owning participants to non-horse owning participants, and 2) horse owning participants preference for the two different treat products. No difference was observed for first product sniffed, consumed, or finished during the horse preference test. However, moderate positive correlations were observed between first product sniffed and consumed (P = 0.01, ф = 0.40) as well as first product consumed and finished (P < 0.01, ф = 0.48). Consumer testing revealed lower ratings for Product A in size (P = 0.01), texture (P = 0.02), and purchase intent (P = 0.02) from horses owners when compared to non-horse owners. Horse owners rated Product A lower in appearance (P < 0.01), texture (P < 0.01), size (P < 0.01), and purchase intent (P < 0.01) than Product B.The third project investigated the influence of packaging on shelf life stability and horse preference of treats. Three packaging treatments (control, poly, and paper) were examined at five time points over a 12-month period. Treatments were analyzed for moisture, water activity, mold, yeast, pH, and volatile organic acids. Horse preference testing evaluated first treatment sniffed, consumed, and finished as well as number of treats consumed. Moisture content and water activity increased in all treatments (P < 0.01) from month 0 to month 12, with paper packaging providing a greater fluctuation and containing visible mold at month 12 (P < 0.01). No difference was observed for first treatment sniffed, consumed, or finished during preference testing. However a trend (P = 0.09) for the period*treatment interaction was observed for number of treats consumed, with a poly increasing while paper decreased. These data indicate that 1) palatants and packaging material influence horse preference of feed products, and 2) both horse and consumer testing should be considered during product development to maximize acceptance.
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Paula, Renata Alves de. "Estudo da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca em equinos durante o casqueamento com a utilização de feromônio materno equino." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/154512.
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A equinocultura encontra-se em constante crescimento e por isso há um maior interesse em estudos científicos que favoreçam a relação homem animal garantindo consequentemente o bem-estar animal. Discussões são cada vez mais frequentes, envolvendo não só as formas de criação como também as práticas as quais são submetidos. A feromonioterapia é uma nova alternativa que vem sendo estudada a fim de tranquilizar e reduzir os problemas relacionados ao medo, ansiedade e fobia e limitando as manifestações do sistema nervoso autônomo e consequentemente o estresse a esses animais. Para tanto, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC) de equinos submetidos ao tratamento com Feromônio Materno Equino (FME) durante o procedimento de casqueamento. Foram avaliados 20 potros, com idade média de vinte e quatro meses, machos e fêmeas sem experiência prévia ao casqueamento que foram divididos em dois grupos (A e B) onde um deles recebeu tratamento com FME e o outro placebo (excipiente sem o princípio ativo), considerado randomizado e duplo-cego. Os parâmetros avaliados foram frequência cardíaca (FC), frequência respiratória (FR), glicemia, VFC e análise de reações comportamentais. O exame clínico foi avaliado em dois momentos sendo: M1 (20 minutos previamente ao casqueamento) e M2 (20 minutos após o casqueamento). Já a VFC, foi avaliada nos momentos pré, trans e pós casqueamento. Os resultados demonstraram que não houve diferenças estatísticas dos parâmetros clínicos avaliados (FC, FR e glicemia) em comparação com os grupos (FME e placebo) em relação aos momentos M1 e M2. A FC mínima, FC média e FC máxima e principalmente os índices da VFC (SDNN, SDANN e SDNNi, RMSSD e PNN50) também não diferiram quando se comparou os grupos nos momentos pré, trans e pós casqueamento. Embora não tenha ocorrido significância, observou-se tendência a diminuição dos parâmetros FC, glicemia e reatividade em um dos grupos, havendo percepção nítida de mudança no comportamento durante o casqueamento sugerindo maior tranquilidade dos equinos durante o procedimento, com a feromonioterapia.
The horse breeding is found in constant growth and then there is a greater interest in scientific studies that favor the animal man relationship therefore ensuring animal welfare. Discussions are increasingly frequent, involving not only the forms of creation but also the practices which are submitted. Pheromone therapy is a new alternative that has been studied in order to reassure and reduce the problems related to fear, anxiety and phobia and limiting the manifestations of the autonomic nervous system and consequently the stress to these animals. For this purpose, the aim of this study was to evaluate the heart rate variability (HRV) of horses submitted to treatment with Maternal Equine Pheromone (MEP) during the hoof trimming. We evaluated 20 foals, with an average age of twenty-four months, males and females without prior experience to the hoof trimming that were divided into two groups (A and B) where one received treatment wich MEP and and the other placebo (excipient without the active ingredient), considered randomized and double-blind. The parameters evaluated were heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (FR), blood glucose, HRV and analysis of behavioral reactions. The clinical examination was studied in two moments: M1 (20 minutes before the procedure hoof trimming) and M2 (20 minutes after the procedure hoof trimming). Already the HRV was evaluated in pre, trans and post procedure hoof trimming. The results showed that there was no statistical differences of clinical parameters evaluated (FC, FR and glucose) compared to the groups (MEP and placebo) in relation to the moments M1 and M2. Minimum FC, medium FC and maximum FC and especially the index of VFC (SDNN, SDANN e SDNNi, RMSSD e PNN50) also did not differ when compared the groups in moments pre, during and after procedure hoof trimming. Although there has not been significance there was a tendency to decrease the parameters FC, blood glucose and reactivity in one of the groups, there being clear perception of change in behavior during procedure hoof trimming with pheromone therapy suggesting greater tranquility of equines during the procedure.
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Sarrafchi, Amir. "Equine stereotypic behavior as related to horse welfare: A review." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för fysik, kemi och biologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-77944.
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There are strong suggestions that equine stereotypies are being connected to poor welfare and a sub-optimal management and/or stabling environment. Until today different forms of equine stereotypic behaviors have been described. Crib-biting, weaving, and box-walking are considered the most prevalent. Several studies have been conducted to establish links between the underlying causes and potential function of such behaviors. Both experimental and epidemiological studies have indicated management factors specifically feeding practices, housing conditions, and weaning method as crucial in the development of stereotypies in stabled horses. Some neurologic studies on equine stereotypy demonstrated some forms of CNS dysfunction as the causal factor for the performance of stereotypic behaviors. Different researchers hypothesized that the functional significance of stereotypies is that they reduce stress in captive environments and should thus be considered as a coping mechanism. In contrast, the owner‟s perspective is often that a stereotypic horse has a “stable-vice” that needs to be stopped and different kinds of methods have been developed to control or regulate stereotypic behaviors. However, if the stress-reducing hypothesis is correct, controlling stereotypic behaviors particularly by physical and surgical approaches without addressing the underlying causes is of great concern to the horse‟s welfare. Although there is ongoing uncertainty about the exact function, the growing knowledge about causation should be applied: under all circumstances prevention is better than cure.
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Snyder, Troy Ernest. "The influence of Equine Essentials on teacher holonomy." [Fort Worth, Tex.] : Texas Christian University, 2009. http://etd.tcu.edu/etdfiles/available/etd-10122009-152050/unrestricted/Snyder.pdf.
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Kimberl, Elizabeth. "Short term substance abuse intervention via equine assisted psychotherapy." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2002. http://www.tren.com.
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Bass, Casie Shantel. "CABERGOLINE EFFECTS ON MARE ESTROUS BEHAVIOR, CYCLICITY, AND ENDOCRINE PROFILES." OpenSIUC, 2010. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/381.
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An abstract of the thesis of Casie S. Bass, for the Masters of Science degree in Animal Science, presented on April 7, 2010 at Southern Illinois University Carbondale. TITLE: CABERGOLINE EFFECTS ON MARE ESTROUS BEHAVIOR, CYCLICITY, AND ENDOCRINE PROFILES MAJOR PROFESSOR: DR. SHERYL S. KING Adding to the seasonal reproductive perplexity in the mare, many researchers support the idea that multiple controllers may "drive" this event, including both hormonal and neural regulators. Evidence supports the theory that dopamine can exert direct action on the equine ovary independent of prolactin (Jeffcoate, 1993; King et al., 2005). Operating on the hypothesis that dopamine causes direct inhibitory actions within the mare ovary, the present investigation was designed to examine the ovarian, hormonal, and reproductive behavior responses to longterm stimulation of dopamine D2 receptors on the cycling ovary. We hypothesized that the dopamine agonist, cabergoline, would induce a autumnal transitional-like ovarian function in summer cycling mares. More specifically, cabergoline-treated mares would express decreased circulating prolactin, decreased luteal progesterone levels, slowed follicular growth leading to longer estrous cycles, an increased incidence of luteolytic failure resulting in spontaneous prolonged corpora lutea, and possibly a decrease in the intensity of estrous behavior. Cabergoline, a dopamine agonist, was administered orally to cycling mares during the peak breeding season. Reproductive behavior, ovarian and cervical activity, and endocrine profiles were assessed. Results from the present study demonstrated a suppression of prolactin after cabergoline administration, a unique ambivalent effect that dopamine appears to exert on sexual behavior, and a possible suppression-effect during diestrous follicle development in the mare.
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Jackson, Andrew Rhys. "Market participant behaviour and equity market dynamics." Thesis, London Business School (University of London), 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.408644.
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Lee, Adrian David Banking & Finance Australian School of Business UNSW. "Active equity fund management: Benchmarking and trading behaviour." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Banking & Finance, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/43403.
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This thesis investigates key issues concerning how active equity fund managers add value: measuring alpha (Chapter 3), generating alpha (Chapters 4, 5 and 6) and transaction cost minimisation (Chapter 7). Chapter 3 proposes important methodological adjustments to the widely adopted benchmarking methodology of Daniel, Grinblatt, Titman and Wermers (1997). Applying this modified benchmark to a sample of active funds and simulated passive portfolios that mimic fund manager style characteristics, statistically lower tracking error is documented, compared with using the standard methodology. These findings suggest that improved specifications of characteristic benchmarks represent better methods in accurately quantifying fund manager skill. Chapter 4 examines a portfolio strategy which selects stocks using the undisclosed monthly holdings of Australian active funds. When considering a large range of strategies incorporating portfolio holdings information, the top performing strategies are robust to data-snooping and are economically and statistically significant when incorporating transaction costs. Accounting for look-ahead bias in the formation of a strategy, statistically significant alpha of at least 6.88 percent per year is found when following the best performing strategy holding 20 stocks or more in the previous month. Chapter 5 examines the relation of active equity fund managers location proximity to a stock??s corporate headquarter using portfolio holdings data. Contrary to much international research, this study reveals evidence inconsistent with a location advantage for Melbourne and Sydney-based funds. Chapter 6 examines retail investor trading on the Australian Stock Exchange. The performance of retail investors is highly heterogeneous: discount (non-discount) retail brokerage investors lose -0.59 (-0.05) percent intraday and experience negative (positive) returns over the subsequent year. These findings are inconsistent with retail investors exerting price pressure or providing liquidity to institutions. Chapter 7 examines whether equity fund managers use multiple brokers in a trade package in order to lower their price impact and brokerage costs. Using the daily trades of funds, multiple broker trades are not found to have lower costs compared to a single broker, even when controlling for the informativeness of the trade package and potential endogeneity. These findings suggest that fund managers do not lower their costs when using multiple brokers.
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Mayton, Michael R., and John J. Wheeler. "The Use of Replacement Behaviors for Adults with Intellectual Disabilities and Behavior Disorders." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/272.
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Arild, Elinor, and Ann Iren Haave. "Investor Behavior in the Norwegian Equity Market." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for industriell økonomi og teknologiledelse, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-26158.
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We examine investor behavior in the Norwegian equity market by studying two behavioral finance phenomena: The Disposition Effect and Herd behavior. Both utilize market data from Oslo Stock Exchange. This thesis will contribute to the existing literature on investor behavior by including evidence from Norway, characterized as a developed market. In the disposition effect paper, the methodology employed on the data examines the relationship between volume at a given point in time, and volume that took place in the past at different stock price levels. In the second paper focusing on herd behavior, a model that analyses the relationship between cross-sectional absolute deviations of asset returns and the corresponding market returns is used for the main part, while the final part combines the volume perspective from the disposition effect study with relevant assumptions for detecting herd behavior. The empirical analysis of the disposition effect presents scattered evidence, suggesting that the disposition effect exists to some extent in Norway. In addition, the evidence for tax-loss-selling, representing the opposite prediction of the disposition effect, is limited. Equivalently, by using the cross-sectional approach for detecting herd behavior we find no evidence of herding in the Norwegian market. In addition, no significant signs of herding are found in the investigation of herding through a volume perspective. Our results for the disposition effect and herd behavior in Norway suggests that they are not powerful factors in determining equity returns and volumes in the market, coinciding with similar empirical research on developed markets. This can partly be explained by sufficient access to diverse information and investment opportunities on individual stocks, and partly by the lack of comprehensive empirical models.
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Tan, Min. "Regime switching behaviour of the UK equity risk premium." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2013. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/4400/.
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We apply regime-switching models to study the dynamic switching behaviour of equity risk premia. Traditionally, equity risk premia have been estimated assuming a single regime exists. Regime-switching models allow for the existence of two, or more, regimes. Three regime-switching models are employed: structural break models, threshold models and Markov regime-switching models. Both structural break models and threshold models assume that the switching mechanism is deterministic. The former allow for only a single break and the state variable is solely determined by time. Under the latter, multiple changes are allowed and the state variable is determined by an observable variable with respect to an unobserved threshold. In Markov regime-switching models, equity risk premia are allowed to switch probabilistically for each observation. This is achieved by introducing a state variable which is governed by a Markov process. To capture the co-movements among financial variables, we extend regime-switching models to a VAR framework, employing threshold autoregressive vector models and Markov regime-switching vector models. We estimate models of UK equity risk premia conditionally on the state variable which is related to business conditions. The results of non-linearity tests favour regime-switching models and suggest that regime-switching is an important characteristic of UK equity risk premia.
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Smyth, Patrick A. "Viscoelastic behavior of articular cartilage in unconfined compression." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/47656.
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Previous decades of cartilage research have predominantly focused on decoupling the solid and fluid interactions of the mechanical response. The resulting biphasic and triphasic models are widely used in the biomechanics community. However, a simple viscoelastic model is able to account for the stress-relaxation behavior of cartilage, without the added complexity of solid and fluid interactions. Using a viscoelastic model, cartilage is considered a single material with elastic and dissipative properties. A mechanical characterization is made with fewer material parameters than are required by the conventional biphasic and triphasic models. This approach has tremendous utility when comparing cartilage of different species and varying healths. Additionally, the viscoelastic models can be easily extended in dynamic analysis and FEA programs.
Cartilage primarily experiences compressive motion during exercise. Therefore, to mimic biological function, a mechanical test should also compress the cartilage. One such test is a viscoelastic stress-relaxation experiment. The Prony and fractional calculus viscoelastic models have shown promise in modeling stress-relaxation of equine articular cartilage. The elastic-viscoelastic correspondence principle is used to extend linear viscoelasticity to the frequency domain. This provides a comparison of articular cartilage based on stored and dissipated moduli. The storage and loss moduli metrics are hypothesized to serve as benchmarks for evaluating osteoarthritic cartilage, and provide guidelines for newly engineered bio-materials.
The main goal of the current study is to test the applicability of modeling articular cartilage with viscoelastic models. A secondary goal is to establish a rigorous set of harvesting techniques that allows access to fresh explants with minimal environmental exposure. With a complex substance like cartilage, it is crucial to avoid unnecessary emph{in vitro} environmental exposure. Additional areas of study include: determining the strain-dependency of the mechanical response, exploring the response of cartilage in different fluid mediums such as saline, synovial fluid, and synthetic substitutes, and studying the time-dependent properties of cartilage during stress-relaxation experiments. Equine stifle joints, which are mechanically analogous to human knees, are harvested and used for analysis in this study. It is believed that the proposed viscoelastic models can model other articulating joints as well. If viscoelastic theory can be used to characterize cartilage, then comparisons can be drawn between real and artificial cartilage, leading to better joint replacement technology.
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Spiker, Carlie Rae. "Suppression of cyclicity and estrous behavior in mares through immunization against a recombinant gonadotropin-releasing hormone antigen." Thesis, Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/1660.
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Hsieh, Chialing. "CEO Equity-Based Incentives And Managerial Opportunism Behavior." Available to subscribers only, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1878999051&sid=2&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Southern Illinois University Carbondale, 2009."Department of Business Administration." Keywords: CEO compensation, CEO stock option awards, Layoff, Managerial opportunism. Includes bibliographical references (p. 68-71). Also available online.
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Ye, Lei Pelton Lou E. "The impact of gender effects on consumers' perceptions of brand equity a cross-cultural investigation /." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2008. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-9007.
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Cozzie, Linsey Renee. "Anti-insect defensive behaviors of equines after West Nile virus infection." Click here to access thesis, 2007. http://www.georgiasouthern.edu/etd/archive/spring2007/linsey_r_cozzie/Cozzie_Linsey_R_200701_MS.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Georgia Southern University, 2007."A thesis submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Georgia Southern University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Science." Under the direction of William S. Irby. ETD. Electronic version approved: May 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 36-39)
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Nathie, Mahmood. "Islamic Equity Investments: Determinants of Investment Behaviour of Malaysian Islamic Equity Investors under Conditions of Competing Alternatives." Thesis, Griffith University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366895.
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Prior to the coming into existence of Islamic finance, Islamic equity fund investment was
almost non-existent in Malaysia. With the passage of enabling legislation in 1983,
awareness and acceptance of Islamic finance as a competitive alternative to conventional
finance emerged, as did interest in Islamic equity funds (IEFs) – albeit very subdued
compared to its conventional counterpart. Given that Islam constitutes the religious
majority in Malaysia, expectations that the growth and development of IEFs are
associated with individual religious norms, value orientations and ethical behaviour, has
not been tested empirically in previous studies.
One way of addressing this absence is by examining the investment behaviour of
IEF participants. This is pursued by studying behaviour under conditions of competing
alternatives in a different Malaysian economic setting. This strategy is triangulated from a
number of perspectives: from observations in psychology focusing on how individual
behaviour and motivations shape investment decisions; the influence of shariah ethical
considerations; risk/return expectations; equity fund management and performance; and,
from behaviour exhibited in current and expected asset/equity portfolio construction.
Traditional investment theory is unable to explain how ethical investors behave
the way they do – often exhibiting behaviour inconsistent with choice optimisation and
rational decision-making. Moreover, in an Islamic finance setting, prescriptive shariah
parameters and non-financial attributes are perceived to impact investment behaviour in
ways not fully understood. If individuals are assumed to behave rationally (as
neoclassical theory suggests), then given ethical imposts, Islamic investors would
consistently make sub-optimal and irrational decisions since choice is not fully exercised.
Consequently, equity and asset portfolios will not be fully optimised between competing
alternatives.
Similar arguments are raised against conventional ethical investors on the basis
that negatively screening out profitable equity stocks (through ethical concerns) result in
portfolio under-performance (Schwartz, 2003). Does this argument hold for Islamic
investors and IEFs as well? Research associated with conventional socially responsible
investment (SRI) suggests the non-financial components of investors’ utility functions have much to do with investment behaviour – the dynamic effect of which ultimately
contributes in shaping the growth and direction of SRI funds themselves (Domini &
Kinder, 1986). Such observations cannot be inferred about Islamic Equity Investment
(IEI) since there is a paucity of research and very few studies in which the influence of
individual behavioural attributes on investment has been adequately researched. Pollard
and Samers (2007) argue this dearth in research has resulted in Islamic finance being
“under-theorised”. Moreover, as the literature review indicates, IEI research has been
unidirectional – it focuses almost exclusively at quantitative analysis of equity fund
performance and risk/return comparative analysis. This research seeks to redress this gap
in the literature.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Key Centre for Ethics, Law, Justice and Governance
Arts, Education and Law
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Alagidede, Paul. "Market efficiency and stock return behaviour in Africa's emerging equity markets." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2008. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/8093.
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The widespread creation of stock markets in developing countries is one of the most conspicuous features of international financial development in the past three decades. The number of stock markets in Africa increased from only six before 1989 to 21 by 2004. The quest for long-term capital for development and the increasing role played by stock markets in the efficient allocation of resources made the stock market culture inevitable in most cases. 'Africa's emerging markets represent a fast growing part of the world economy, and empirical evidence suggests that they have low, even negative, correlations with the more developed financial markets. Thus inclusion of African assets in a mean-variance efficient portfolio could significantly reduce portfolio volatility and increase expected returns. In spite of these facts, little is known about Africa's markets. Although the Efficient Markets Hypothesis (EMH) has been with us for nearly five decades, and knowledge of stock return behaviour has been accumulating in emerging market economies of Asia and Latin America, Africa's markets continue to escape the attention of the research community. This thesis contributes to our knowledge of the dynamic behaviour of stock returns in Africa's biggest markets (South Africa, Egypt, Nigeria, Kenya, Tunisia and Morocco). The novelty of this study rests on applying a variety of econometric techniques and which leads to the following conclusions: Weak form efficiency is rejected for all the markets; however, this is discussed with reference to the institutional characteristics of the markets studied (i. e., capitalisation, turn over, liquidity and information and legal architecture). Seasonal patterns exist in African stock returns: however, with appropriate specification, they tend to disappear, and where they are significant, they tend to be unexploitable. We also show that Africa's markets are not well integrated, regionally, and globally. While this evidence calls for more openness to trade and policy coordination, it also implies that Africa's markets can play a role in diversifying investment risk. Finally, stock prices tend to provide a hedge to investors against rising consumer prices over a relatively long period of time.
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Chandorkar, Pankaj. "A systematic review of the determinants and the behaviour of equity risk premium." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2013. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/12492.
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Understanding the Equity Risk Premium (ERP) and the factors affecting it is cardinal to financial economics, particularly to equity research analysts, domestic and international institutional investors and financial economist. Since the seminal work of Mehra and Prescott (1985) there has been an exponential rise in the research explaining the reasons for ERP puzzle. This review, systematically, investigates the literature related to ERP in four key dimensions. The first dimension is regarding the issues related to different techniques of estimating the ERP. The second dimension is regarding the studies that explain the reasons of existence of the ERP puzzle by making modifications to the preference structures. The third is regarding the macroeconomic variables that help in predicting ERP and the fourth deals with studies that are conducted in the international context. In addition to this, this review meticulously captures some important limitations of the existing literature regarding the estimation of ERP and identifies the domestic and international determinants of ERP, in particular the UK ERP and proposes novel future directions of research. These future research directions have two important implications for my PhD. The first is the academic contribution that predominantly comes from methodological contribution of estimating the ERP. The second is the practical contribution that comes mainly from identifying the unique set of variables (UK domestic and international), which are of prime importance to the domestic and foreign institutional investors because of the financial crisis of 2008-2009 and which should affect the UK ERP.
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Gustafsson, Casper, and Li Yanzhuo. "COVID-19’s Impact on Consumer Behaviour, Brand Equity and Loyalty. : -A qualitative study analysing how the COVID-19 pandemic affects consumer behaviour and brand loyalty & equity." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-451244.
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Purpose - This study's purpose is to compile literature on consumer behaviour, brand loyalty and equity and to investigate how the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic have affected consumer behaviours, brand loyalty and equity in Sweden.Design/methodology/approach - A theoretical framework was formed by three main concepts, consumer behaviours, brand loyalty and equity. To collect empirical evidence, two qualitative methods were used: (1) semi structured interviews and (2) a focus group. The data manifesto was assessed using manifesto analysis of qualitative data according to Granheim & Lundmans’ (2004) framework. The theoretical framework was used in the analysis and coding of the data.Findings - COVID-19 has brought immediate effects on consumer behaviours such as pent-up demands and embracing digital technology. Brands facing the challenges of adapting to the current environment in order to satisfy current consumers and secure brand loyalty. In this context, most of the companies start developing brand equity online, including online services and digital advertisements. Offline servicescapes have also been changed to fit the current regulations.Research limitations/implications - Quantitative research can be done nationwide to generate a more complete understanding of the whole Swedish market.Originality/value - This study contributes to the literature observing the changes in consumer behaviours, brand loyalty and brand equity during the pandemic period in the Swedish market. Furthermore, the research analyses the relationships among these changes to find the pattern.Keywords - Consumer behaviour, Consumer habits, Customer experience, Brand loyalty, Brand equity, COVID-19 Pandemic.
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Luo, Jinhui. "Order flow, information and trading behaviour in foreign exchange and equity markets." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2004. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1724/.
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It has been shown in the literature that under asymmetric information, trading process itself is a part of pricing mechanism and order flow is the vehicle of information transmission and has a profound impact on prices. This thesis is composed of three major closely connected parts on order flow economics: (1) exchange rate determination and inter-market order flow effect, (2) market conditions and order flow impact and (3) limit order execution and microstructure factors. The first part of this thesis empirically investigates the price impact of order flow in four major currency markets and the results show that order flow has strong impact on exchange rates in all four markets and over various sampling frequencies. In a new result, inter-market effect is discovered where exchange rate movements in one market can be explained by the order flow in other relevant markets. In terms of forecasting ability, the order flow model out-performs random walk model that has so far beaten all macro-based exchange rate models. The second part addresses the dependence structure between flow and price change in the FX markets and finds that flow-return relationship is not linear as assumed in the previous literature. Order flow tends to be more informative and has larger impact on prices when market spreads are large, volume is low or volatility is high. These results cannot be fully explained by existing micro structure models. The last part of thesis studies how limit order execution probability is affected by microstructure factors. Using the tick data from the London Stock Exchange, it is demonstrated that price aggressiveness, spread and potential market pressure have significant impacts on the limit order execution.
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Rossi, Andrea. "Three Essays on the Behavior of Financial Market Participants." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1534392734633895.
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Ingram, Shelly V. "Call to the post: an analysis of Montgomery County equine operators’ motivation for adoption of conservation practices." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/38241.
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Master of Science - Agricultural Education and CommunicationDepartment of Communications and Agricultural Education
Lauri M. Baker
The equine industry is an established part of Maryland Agriculture; the most recent equine census placed 79,100 equines valued at approximately $714 million in the state, with approximately ten percent of those animals housed in Montgomery County. But, equine operators are a unique demographic in the agricultural realm. They are not managing their lands to produce food or fiber and often are employed in other professions unrelated to agriculture. Unlike other agricultural operators, they are often unaware of conservation terms or practices and programs available to help implement these practices on their land. The basic objective of this study was to explore the level of understanding equine operators in Montgomery County, Maryland have of conservation best management practices (BMPs), associated cost-share programs, industry regulations and the aspects and methods of communication that influence them in gaining awareness of and the adoption of these practices on their properties. The study applied the tenets of the decomposed theory of planned behavior (DTPB), which combines the theory of planned behavior (TPB), diffusion of innovation theory (DOI) and economic constraint theory gathered through semi-structured qualitative interviews with participants, selected using purposive and snowball sampling. Utilizing the grounded theory method to discover emerging patterns in the data resulting from these interviews aided in identifying the most effective means of educating equine operators regarding BMPs and increasing the adoption of these practices on equine properties within the County. Equine operators in the study were found to use a variety of informational sources, had a high level of adaptation of the BMPs they used and overall saw their role as land stewards as an important aspect of their environmental actions.
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Robertsson, Göran. "International portfolio choice and trading behavior." Doctoral thesis, Handelshögskolan i Stockholm, Finansiell Ekonomi (FI), 2000. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hhs:diva-624.
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This thesis consists of four essays on topics relating to the fields of international portfolio choice, trading behavior, and asset pricing. "Direct Foreign Ownership, Institutional Investors, and Firm Characteristics" analyzes portfolios of Swedish stocks held by foreign investors. The analysis reveals that foreigners tilt their portfolios to firms with certain attributes. It is also shown that the seemingly specific preferences of foreign investors are driven by the fact that they are large institutional investors, and are not linked to their national origin. "Foreigners' Trades in Risky Assets: An assessment of Investment Behavior and Performance" analyzes foreigners' trading activities. It is shown that foreigners trade more than domestic investors. Further, they trade as non-informed trend followers in that they buy stocks that have recently done well. Nonetheless, after the liberalization of Sweden's stock market, foreigners' purchases have led to a permanent price increase and to a reduction in the cost of equity capital. "Exchange Rate Exposure, Risk Premia, and Firm Characteristics" shows that about fifty percent of Swedish listed firms are affected by exchange rate fluctuations. The sign and magnitude of exchange rate exposure are characterized across industries as well as firm attributes. The empirical analysis suggests that exposure can be eliminated through diversification, and that exchange rate risk is not priced. "Conditioning Information in Tactical Asset Allocation" examines whether investors can exploit the predictability in time-varying expected returns on Swedish stocks and bonds. It is shown that dynamic allocation strategies, based on conditioning information, significantly outperform several benchmark portfolios. This superior performance is not only statistically significant, it is economically large.Diss. Stockholm : Handelshögsk.
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Kalanick, Julie Lynn. "An Experiment Examining the Relationship of Affect, Equity, and Equity Sensitivity, With Organizational Citizenship Behaviors." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42349.
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This study employed an experimental design intended to be an analog to the workplace to simultaneously examine the affect orientation and equity theory explanations of OCBs, which were evaluated as prosocial behaviors. Participants were 188 undergraduates. Participantsâ dispositional variables were measured at time 1, and at time 2, participants experienced an equity manipulation and were given the opportunity to perform prosocial behaviors. Results indicated a distinction between the decision to help and helping effort, which has not been thoroughly examined in literature on OCBs. Results revealed that the threshold for the decision to help was raised by inequity, yet once the decision had been made, affect and personality variables affected effort of helping. Implications for research and practice are discussed.Master of Science
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Fife, Cynthia Michelle. "A Social-Cognitive Assessment of Organizational Citizenship Behavior." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36242.
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Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) is essential to the smooth functioning of organizations. A vast amount of research examining OCB has established the benefits of such behavior to businesses. In addition, individual- and organizational-level antecedents of citizenship behavior have been widely studied and well established. However, a sound assessment of OCB, which acknowledges the true social cognitive nature of the phenomenon, is yet to be developed. The purpose of this study is two-fold: First, this study seeks to develop a reliable, accurate measure of OCB. Second, this study utilizes the newly developed measure to determine how personal characteristics and situational influences interact to produce helping behavior. More specifically, this study explores how equity sensitivity, locus of control, self-esteem, and affectivity determine whether an employee engages in helping behavior. Further, the current study examines whether situation cue strength moderates the relationship between the aforementioned personality characteristics and an employeeâ s decision to engage in helping behavior.Master of Science
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Bredberg, David, and Johan Holmquist. "Instigating involvement through consumer-based brand equity : an attitudinal study of consumer-based brand equity and consumer involvement." Thesis, Kristianstad University College, School of Health and Society, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-6616.
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Recent research on links between dimensions of consumer-based brand equity, as well as links to consumer involvement, has shown that it is a significant predictor of purchase behavior.
The purpose of this dissertation is to explore the affect brands have on consumer involvement. We attempt to investigate how consumer-based brand equity affects the level of consumer involvement.
Based on consumer behavior theory and previous research of these areas, gathered primary data (an empirical investigation of students’ attitudes) is analyzed to gain an understanding of how the aforementioned concepts relate to each other.
The findings indicate that there are correlations between consumer-based brand equity and consumer involvement, and that there is more to investigate in this area. Suggestions for further research include a similar study with more measured variables for each dimension, and analyzing them separately instead of creating indexes.
The results of this dissertation may be useful for marketers and manufacturers of the specific products investigated, as well as products of similar nature, in order to apply focus to the attributes which consumers value most.
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Wang, Yunyu. "The interaction of context and demography in equity effects of congestion pricing." Thesis, KTH, Trafik och logistik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-152338.
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The equity effect of congestion pricing has been advocated to be given enough concern for its acceptability. This thesis aimed to explore the mixed effects in travel behaviour changing caused by congestion charging in demography factors (social economic status) and context factors (location, flexibility, access to car and possession of long-term public transport card). In order to understand by what mechanisms congestion pricing affects the equity, structural equation modelling was applied to model the causal networks in the case study of Stockholm congestion charge. Results revealed a more complicated influence from different combination of factors. The location relative to charging cordon mattered for the trip-making both directly and indirectly through the transport mode preference. The work schedule flexibility should be also taken into consideration when considering the time-based scheme. The mixed effects between two groups of factors suggested that more factors should be considered when justifying the privileged group and disadvantaged group to implement the policy. The method used in this thesis could be very constructive for equity effect evaluation in other cities with different conditions.
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Tremper, Mary M. "Racial equity in exclusionary discipline practices." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000535.
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Marais, Carl. "An evaluation of the South African equity market’s progress towards developed market behaviour." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/23147.
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Over the period from January 1997 to December 2007 the South African equity market has been the target of a number of reforms initiated by both the Johannesburg Securities Exchange (JSE) and the South African government. From a review of current emerging markets and financial liberalisation literature, we identify the market attributes that differ between emerging and developed equity markets or that are changed significantly by the financial liberalisation process. The attributes are: · Correlation with major world equity markets · Distribution of returns · Market efficiency · Share price volatility · Stock price synchronicity · Implicit transaction costs Using the FTSE/JSE Top 40 Index as the basis, we conducted a longitudinal study contrasting the values of these attributes for the period 1997 to 1998 with those for the period 2006 to 2007. We then used these results to assess whether the South African equity market has become more like a developed equity market in its behaviour. We find that the South African equity market has made statistically significant progress towards developed market behaviour for all attributes apart from stock price synchronicity. We ascribe the higher level of stock price synchronicity to an increase in the number of resource and industrial shares included in the FTSE/JSE Top 40 Index. Overall we conclude that the South African equity market has become significantly more like a developed market in its behaviour. CopyrightDissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2008.
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
unrestricted
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Onyenemelu, Felix Ikechukwu. "Foreign versus local equity capital dominance : the reflection of domicile of equity control on corporate financial behaviour : an empirical study." Thesis, University of Bath, 1987. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.760560.
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Ye, Lei. "The impact of gender effects on consumers' perceptions of brand equity: A cross-cultural investigation." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2008. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc9007/.
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Despite a long-standing tradition to view gender as a unitary theoretical construct, there is an increasing approbation afforded to gender identity as a multifarious construct. Over and above physiological characteristics, gender identity is a psychological and a social construct. More than simply a biological classification, both gender and gender identity have been explored as portentous moderators of consumers' cognitive and emotive states, brand attributions and shopping behaviors. How might gender differences be manifested in building and sustaining brand relationships? This is the seminal question addressed in the present research. The overarching objective of this research is to address how the broadened conceptualization of gender impacts customer-based brand equity across U.S. and Chinese consumers. The focal populations of interest are related to markedly different levels of brand penetration in each a post-developed and transitional market setting. Furthermore, it provides a platform for investigating how gender identities may differ across two of the largest consumer buying groups in the global marketplace. Toward this goal, this research explores the multidimensionality of gender as a construct, and then empirically investigates how an extended view of gender may or may not impact consumer-based brand equity. Based on an integration of extant theories in gender identity and self-congruity, this study proposes a research framework to investigate the relationship among gender identity, brand connections, and consumer-based brand equity. An online survey was conducted to collect consumer panel data in the U.S. and China respectively. Results from regression analysis and path analysis suggest that physiological gender alone cannot adequately explain consumers' brand perceptions. The empirical analysis offers further support for including three unique gender related constructs (physiological gender, psychological gender traits, and gender role attitudes) to understand gender-related consumer behavior. The results also indicate that brand connections serve as important intermediate steps to understand the relationship between gender identity and consumer-based brand equity.
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Kay, Patricia J. "The non-economic impacts of pay equity adjustments, employee attitudes and behaviours." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0019/NQ45724.pdf.
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Shuetrim, Geoffrey Charles. "Corporate manipulation of systemic risk exposure : learning about the form from equity price behaviour." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298859.
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Correia, Raquel Alexandra Jerónimo. "Comportamento alimentar de éguas Puro Sangue Lusitano em pastagens de regadio." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/7901.
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Dissertação de Mestrado em Engenharia Zootécnica/Produção AnimalO comportamento dos equinos em pastagem integra uma série de escolhas que estão relacionadas com características da vegetação e com o próprio animal. No presente estudo foram avaliadas 15 éguas adultas e 9 poldras alfeiras, totalizando 24 animais, divididas em dois grupos de nível alimentar diferente: a parcela 1 com 7 éguas alimentadas ao nível de manutenção (G100) e 4 poldras em crescimento moderado (CM); a parcela 2 com 8 éguas alimentadas acima da manutenção (G130) e 5 poldras em crescimento óptimo (CO). Pretendeu-se avaliar o comportamento alimentar dos animais, a nível do tempo de busca e preensão de alimento e selecção do alimento. Verificou-se, num total de 13,15 horas de observação, que os animais passaram cerca de 11h horas em procura e ingestão de alimento (82%). Verificou-se que os animais da parcela 1 passaram mais horas em actividade de busca e preensão de alimento (11,44 horas) do que os animais da parcela 2 (11,03 horas). Em todos os animais avaliados se verificou que, as gramíneas, foram a família mais selecionada, no entanto, os animais da parcela 2 selecionaram mais gramíneas e leguminosas que os da parcela 1 (P<0,001) e, os animais da parcela 1, ingeriram infestantes e outras em maior proporção que os da parcela 2 (P<0,001).
ABSTRACT - FEEDING BEHAVIOUR OF LUSITANO MARES ON IRRIGATED PASTURES - The behaviour of horses on pasture integrates a series of choices that are related to vegetation characteristics and to the animal itself. In this study 15 adult mares and 9 fillies, totaling 24 animals divided into two groups of different feeding level, were studied: Group 1 with 7 mares fed to maintenance level (G100) and 4 fillies in moderate growth (CM); Group 2 with 8 mares fed above maintenance (G130) and 5 fillies in optimal growth (CO). It was intended to evaluate the animals feeding behaviour, grazing time and selection of food level. In a total of 13,15 hours of observation, it was found that animals spent approximately 11h hours searching and ingesting food (82%). It was assessed that the animals of Group 1 spent more hours in grazing activity (11,44 hours) than animals of Group 2 (11,03 hours). In all animals evaluated was assessed that grasses were the most selected species, however, the animals of Group 2 selected more grasses and legumes than the first Group (P <0,001) and the animals of Group 1 ate weeds and other species in a greater proportion than the second Group (P <0,001).
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Bristol, Terrence Alan. "Relying on brand equity: insights from consumer evaluation processes." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37886.
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This dissertation questioned whether the brand's equity can influence consumer evaluations, explored the formation of beliefs about brand extensions and accessed the relative extension effects of brand information. A series of three experiments explored: consumers’ schema activation process; the effects of brand equity on consumers’ beliefs and judgments; and consumers’ extension inference processes. The results indicate that consumers use brand knowledge as a frame of reference to understand the brand extension. If consumers are not familiar with the brand, they use other knowledge about the product category or specific exemplars to understand and evaluate the extension.
The brand name does not appear to be a major influence on consumers’ evaluations of category extensions. Consumers’ inferred beliefs have the greatest relative influence on evaluations and are based on the conjunction of their brand and new product category knowledge.
The brand name does not appear to carry the extension far. When the new product differs substantially from consumers’ brand expectations, firms cannot rely on the brand name to sustain the same meaning that it had in the past. Marketing synergies or efficiencies alone will not produce a successful extension. Firms must be aware of how the brand and new product category interact in the consumer’s mind.Ph. D.
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Mellare, Craig David. "Three Essays on Pricing and Market Behaviour around Corporate Acts and Information Releases." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9007.
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This dissertation studies pricing and market behaviour around corporate acts and information releases. The issues examined within this thesis are a fundamental part of the functioning of secondary markets and the broader integrity of the financial system. The three essays in this dissertation examine factors related to the efficiency of price adjustment on equity markets in response to new information and the influence of third party certification on initial public offering process. In particular, the speed by which the information contained in corporate earnings announcements is incorporated into equity prices; the behaviour of algorithmic traders around such announcements; and the insights that venture capitalist backing of newly listing companies has for third party investors are comprehensively examined. The outcomes of these studies provide new insights into how equity markets function and, therefore, the findings are relevant for market practitioners, policy makers and the academic community.
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Biedenbach, Galina. "Brand building in the business-to-business context : The brand equity perspective." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-60749.
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The main purpose of this doctoral dissertation is to investigate factors affecting B2B brand building by applying the brand equity perspective in the professional services context. Three peer-reviewed and published articles and one book chapter examine different aspects related to the enhancement of brand equity and brand building in the B2B context. The first paper entitled “Brand equity in the business-to-business context: Examining the structural composition” (Biedenbach 2012) investigates the structural composition of brand equity and the interrelationships between the dimensions of brand equity in the B2B context. By specifying the multidimensional model, which can be utilized for measuring and managing B2B brand equity, the paper provides initial knowledge on how the companies can build a strong B2B brand across four dimensions of brand equity. The second paper entitled “B2B brand equity: Investigating the impact of contextual factors” (Biedenbach 2010) examines the impact of contextual factors in the organizational decision making process on the formation of B2B brand equity. The book chapter expands knowledge on B2B brand building by portraying how such characteristics of customers as relative size of their company and its industry sector can affect B2B brand building. The third paper entitled “The impact of customer experience on brand equity in a business-to-business services setting” (Biedenbach and Marell 2010) investigates the impact of customer experience on brand equity in the professional services setting. The study clarifies how customer experience can be utilized for building a strong B2B brand. The fourth paper entitled “Brand equity in the professional service context: Analyzing the impact of employee role behavior and customer-employee rapport” (Biedenbach, Bengtsson, and Wincent 2011) examines whether factors related to customers’ perception of employees’ role behavior in terms of customer perceived role ambiguity, role overload, and customer-employee rapport influence the development of brand equity in the professional service context. The paper advances knowledge on B2B brand building by considering the potential role of the company employees and consequences that their behavior can lead to in this process. To conclude, the doctoral dissertation demonstrates that the brand equity perspective can serve as a valuable foundation for theoretically understanding and practically managing B2B brand building.
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Gardenal, Gloria <1981>. "Applied topics in financial agents' behavior." Doctoral thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/1039.
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La tesi si compone di 3 articoli che indagano, secondo prospettive diverse, il comportamento degli agenti economici nei mercati finanziari. Il primo lavoro, di tipo sperimentale, si pone come obiettivo quello di misurare la portata del contagio finanziario dovuto a ribilanciamenti dei portafogli di investimento in mercati diversi. Lo studio evidenzia come uno shock sul prezzo di un titolo negoziato in un mercato si propaghi anche in mercati ad esso non direttamente collegati ma in modo conforme a quanto previsto dalla teoria. Il laboratorio non evidenzia aggiustamenti o comportamenti irrazionali.
Il secondo lavoro, di tipo empirico, cerca invece di individuare possibili relazioni tra l’avversione al rischio diversificabile, utilizzata come proxy del comportamento degli investitori, e il rischio informativo, ovvero quel rischio legato al tempo necessario all’informazione per essere compresa e processata dagli investitori stessi. Lo studio evidenzia l’assenza di legami tra queste due variabili, dimostrando che i mercati sono efficienti.
Il terzo lavoro, più di tipo applicativo, cerca di fornire un criterio per guidare il comportamento dei private equiter nella selezione di aziende su cui investire. Il criterio utilizza la semplice informazione contabile e il concetto di utilità dell’investimento.The thesis is composed of three papers that investigate, using different perspectives, the financial agents’ behavior in the financial markets. The first paper, an experiment, aims to measure the impact of the financial contagion due to cross-market rebalancing. The study highlights that a shock in the prices of a stock traded in one market spreads to other unrelated markets but according to what the theory predicts. The laboratory doesn’t show irrational adjustments or behaviors. The second paper is an empirical work that aims to detect possible relations between the idiosyncratic risk aversion, used as a proxy of the investors’ behavior, and the information risk, i.e. the risk due to the time needed by a piece of information to be understood and processed by the investors. The study highlights the absence of any linkages between these two variables, demonstrating that financial markets are efficient. The third paper is an application and tries to provide the (generic) private equiter with a criterion to select possible firms in which to invest. The criterion uses the information provided by the financial reports and the concept of the utility of the investment.
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Mattson, Stephanie L. "On-Task Behavior for Students in a Resource Classroom Setting: Effects of Activity Schedules on On-Task Behavior." DigitalCommons@USU, 2018. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7241.
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Students who receive special education services in resource classroom settings often engage in low levels of on-task behavior during independent work time. Given the independent work demands in middle school classrooms, it is crucial for students who receive services in a resource classroom to engage in high levels of on-task behavior. The researchers examined the effects of activity schedules on on-task behavior, on-schedule behavior, and percentage of work problems correct in four middle school students receiving special education services in a resource math classroom. Results of the study demonstrate that on-task and on-schedule behavior increased for all participants following the implementation of the activity schedule in both math and language arts classroom settings. Both students and teachers indicated that they liked the intervention and the activity schedule improved on-task behavior. Results of this study extend the use of activity schedules to a novel setting and participant population.
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Hellman, Niclas. "Investor behaviour : an empirical study of how large Swedish institutional investors make equity investment decisions." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Economic Research Institute, Stockholm School of Economics [Ekonomiska forskningsinstitutet vid Handelshögsk.] (EFI), 2000. http://www.hhs.se/efi/summary/543.htm.
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Paek, Robert S. "A historical view of equity pricing and institutional investor behaviour : the United States, 1953-2000." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.424789.
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Juks, Reimo. "Corporate governance and the firm's behaviour towards stakeholders." Doctoral thesis, Handelshögskolan i Stockholm, Finansiell Ekonomi (FI), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hhs:diva-938.
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Obey the Law and Do a Little Bit Extra? The paper provides evidence on how firms’ stakeholder orientation is associated with standard measures of corporate governance using a panel of 1778 US companies during the period of 1995-2006. We construct two binary indicators, one measuring stakeholder hostility and the other stakeholder friendliness using data from KLD ratings agency. Based on these indicators, we classify firms into four groups representing stakeholder hostile, neutral, friendly and ”friendly and hostile” firms. Our results show that both stakeholder friendly and hostile firms tend to have significantly lower insider ownership, smaller option grants, lower pay-performance sensitivities, larger boards, older executive officers and directors, lower institutional ownership and larger number of anti-takeover defenses than the firms in the neutral group. We also find that the probability of stakeholder hostile activity is positively related to the strength of corporate governance, but the effect is insignificant except in local and global community areas. A possible explanation is that in these areas stakeholders are protected mainly by ethics and social norms rather than by various regulations that is commonplace in labour, environment and customer related areas. These findings lend support for the idea that stakeholders are best protected by various regulations. Corporate Governance and Workplace Safety. This paper examines how the weakening in corporate governance affects workplace safety. We use anti-takeover laws in the US in the 1980s as a source of variation in corporate governance. Our measures of workplace safety are the number of violations of OSHA workplace safety regulation, penalties paid for these violations, the number of accidents and employees’ complaints about their workplace safety. We find that firms affected by the regulation presented significantly more workplace safety violations and penalties than otherwise similar firms that were not affected by the regulation. Accidents and complaints tend to decrease as a result of the anti-takeover regulation, but the results are not entirely robust. We also document that the increase in workplace safety violations was significantly smaller in unionized firms. This suggests that unions can play an important role in curbing managerial discretion. How Responsible is Private Equity? The financial success of leveraged buyout targets (LBOs) is frequently associated with deteriorating conditions for other stakeholders, such as workers, customers, suppliers, tax-payers and society as a whole. We obtain a comprehensive set of stakeholder ratings for a sample of 373 LBOs and examine the pre-and post-LBO performance of these ratings. LBO targets are characterized by weak stakeholder relations across a number of measures compared to their peers, in terms of corporate governance, transparency, employee relations and community relations. Controlling for this selection, we do not find systematic evidence in favor of the idea that private equity funds gain at the expense of other stakeholders. Private equity ownership alters targets in the direction of higher pay, improved work-life benefits, increased charitable giving, and decreased concerns related to retirement benefits, adverse economic impact, tax disputes, unfair marketing practices and antitrust problems.Diss. Stockholm : Handelshögskolan, 2010; Sammanfattning jämte 3 uppsatser.