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Academic literature on the topic 'Equalizer'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Equalizer"

1

Simerjeet Kaur, Dr Kamal Kumar Sharma, and Mr. Navnidhi Sharma. "Analysis of BER Improvement of Adaptive Equalizer using CE and STB code." International Journal of Research in Informative Science Application & Techniques (IJRISAT) 3, no. 6 (June 25, 2019): 44–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.46828/ijrisat.v3i6.132.

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In a wireless communication channel, when the modulation bandwidth is exceeding the coherence bandwidth ISI takes place as the transmitted pulses are spread into the adjacent symbols. To combat the effects of ISI and noise and to reconstruct the signal and minimize Bit Error Rate (BER), the adaptive channel equalizer is used at the receiver end. Various kinds of interferences in a communication channel exists like Inter symbol Interference, Multipath Interference and Additive Interference which deals with the design of an Adaptive Equalizer. The idea of the equalizer is to build filter in the receiver that counter acts the effect of the channel. In essence, the equalizer must “unscatter” the impulse response and can be stated as the goal of designing the equalizer E so that the impulse response of the combined channel and equalizer CE has a single spike. We investigate channel equalization and introduce hierarchical and adaptive nonlinear channel equalization algorithms that are highly efficient and provide significantly enhanced bit error rate (BER) performance. Due to the high complexity of nonlinear equalizers and poor performance of linear ones, to equalize highly difficult channels, we employ piecewise linear equalizers.
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2

Akande, Damilare O., Zachaeus K. Adeyemo, Olakunle O. Arowolo, Olasunkanmi F. Oseni, and Oluwole O. Obanisola. "Hybridization of zero forcing-minimum mean square error equalizer in multiple input multiple output system." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 26, no. 2 (May 1, 2022): 836. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v26.i2.pp836-845.

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Transmission of high data rate over multipath environment is associated with many wireless applications. However, this transmission results in high delay which leads to ISI distortion and causes high error. The existing LE in MIMO systems such as ZF equalizer used in addressing this problem reduces the ISI distortion completely but results in noise amplification. Likewise, MMSE equalizer only reduces the noise but cannot eliminate ISI. Therefore, this paper proposed a hybrid LE for Wi-Fi over Weibull fading channel. The hybridized ZF-MMSE equalizer was developed using conventional ZF and MMSE equalizers. Digital transmitted signal propagated over Weibull fading channel is received at the receiver through multiple antennas and then combined using MRC. The combined signal is then equalized using hybrid ZF-MMSE to eliminate both the ISI and the amplified noise. The developed model was simulated in MATLAB software environment and evaluation was performed using BER and Pout. The results obtained revealed that the hybrid ZF-MMSE equalizer gave better performance over existing equalizers in a MIMO system. Therefore, the proposed equalizer will help improve the performance of the Wi-Fi technology.
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Pinchas, Monika. "Convolutional Noise PDF at the Convergence State of a Blind Adaptive Equalizer." MATEC Web of Conferences 210 (2018): 05003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201821005003.

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In the literature, the convolutional noise obtained at the output of a blind adaptive equalizer, is often modeled as a Gaussian process during the latter stages of the deconvolution process where the process is close to optimality. However, up to now, no strong mathematical basis was given supporting this phenomenon. Furthermore, no closed-form or closed-form approximated expression is given that shows what are the constraints on the system’s parameters (equalizer’s tap-length, input signal statistics, channel power, chosen equalization method and step-size parameter) for which the assumption of a Gaussian model for the convolutional noise holds. In this paper, we consider the two independent quadrature carrier input case and type of blind adaptive equalizers where the error that is fed into the adaptive mechanism which updates the equalizer’s taps can be expressed as a polynomial function of the equalized output up to order three. We show based on strong mathematical basis that the convolutional noise pdf at the latter stages of the deconvolution process where the process is close to optimality, is approximately Gaussian if complying on some constraints depending on the step-size parameter, input constellation statistics, channel power, chosen equalization method and equalizer’s tap-length. Simulation results confirm our findings.
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Arie, Dana, and Gilad Katz. "Electrical Equalization Analysis of PAM-4 Transmission in Short-Reach Optical Systems." Applied Sciences 12, no. 4 (February 21, 2022): 2255. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12042255.

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Inclusive and intensive performance analysis of electrical equalizers in a short-reach optical system using four-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM-4) is presented in this paper. Two equalizers are used—a feedforward equalizer and decision feedback equalizer using the least mean square algorithm. The sensitivity to cut-off frequency for the transmitter and receiver filters, fiber length and number of equalizers taps in the means of the bit error rate vs. optical input power are shown. The analysis reveals the considerable impact of the filters’ bandwidth, particularly in the receiver, on the equalizer performance. These results and their reasons are analyzed and broadly discussed.
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Sewter, Jonathan, and Anthony Chan Carusone. "Equalizer Architectures for 40-Gb/s Optical Systems Limited by Polarization-Mode Dispersion." International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems 15, no. 03 (September 2005): 549–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129156405003326.

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An analysis of first-order polarization-mode dispersion (PMD) effects in a 40-Gb/s optical system is used to compare different electronic equalizer architectures as potential PMD compensators. Both linear and nonlinear equalizers are considered employing symbol-spaced and fractionally-spaced taps. It is found that a decision feedback equalizer consisting of a 3-tap symbol-spaced feedforward equalizer and a 1-tap feedback equalizer effectively eliminates PMD as the dominant length-limiting factor in most 40-Gb/s optical systems. Such an equalizer would entail less complexity than several previously reported electronic PMD compensators.
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HANUMOLU, PAVAN KUMAR, GU-YEON WEI, and UN-KU MOON. "EQUALIZERS FOR HIGH-SPEED SERIAL LINKS." International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems 15, no. 02 (June 2005): 429–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129156405003259.

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In this tutorial paper we present equalization techniques to mitigate inter-symbol interference (ISI) in high-speed communication links. Both transmit and receive equalizers are analyzed and high-speed circuits implementing them are presented. It is shown that a digital transmit equalizer is the simplest to design, while a continuous-time receive equalizer generally provides better performance. Decision feedback equalizer (DFE) is described and the loop latency problem is addressed. Finally, techniques to set the equalizer parameters adaptively are presented.
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Lu, Chusheng, Longyun Kang, Shubiao Wang, Zefeng Wang, and Huabing Rao. "A Novel Inductor-Based Non-Dissipative Equalizer." Energies 11, no. 10 (October 18, 2018): 2816. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11102816.

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Large numbers of non-dissipative equalizers have been proposed for solving the inconsistency problem of lithium battery strings. However, these equalizers face problems such as slow speed or using excessively large numbers of energy storage elements. This paper improved a multiple switch-inductors equalizer (MSIE), and proposed a novel inductor-based non-dissipative equalizer (NIBNDE). A simulation is built to compare the NIBNDE with two other equalizers, which indicated that the NIBNDE can reduce the number of energy storage elements while remaining at a good equalization speed. Experimental results validate the analysis of the simulation and the feasibility of the NIBNDE.
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Xu, Peng, Longyun Kang, Di Xie, Xuan Luo, and Hongye Lin. "A Switch-Reduced Multicell-to-Multicell Battery Equalizer Based on Full-Bridge Bipolar-Resonant LC Converter." Batteries 8, no. 6 (June 3, 2022): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/batteries8060053.

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Many battery equalizers have been proposed to achieve voltage consistency between series connected battery cells. Among them, the multicell-to-multicell (MC2MC) equalizers, which can directly transfer energy from consecutive more-charged cells to less-charged cells, can enable fast balancing and a high efficiency. However, due to the limitations of the equalizers, it is not possible to achieve fast equalization and reduce the size of the circuit at the same time. Therefore, a MC2MC equalizer based on a full-bridge bipolar-resonant LC Converter (FBBRLCC) is proposed in this paper, which not only implements MC2MC equalization, but also greatly reduces the circuit size by reducing the number of switches by nearly half. A mathematical model and simulation comparison with conventional equalizers are used to illustrate the high-speed equalization performance of the proposed equalizer and excellent balancing efficiency. An experimental prototype for eight cells is built to verify the performance of the proposed FBBRLCC equalizer and the balancing efficiencies in different operating modes are from 85.19% to 88.77% with the average power from 1.888 W to 14.227 W.
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Sirithummachak, P., and C. Benjangkaprasert. "Adaptive Equalizer for DS-CDMA Multi-User Communication System Using Sign-Algorithm Based on Laguerre Filter Structure." Applied Mechanics and Materials 548-549 (April 2014): 1231–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.548-549.1231.

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This paper proposes a sign-algorithm based on adaptive Laguerre filter structure for improving the performance of the direct sequence-code division multiple access (DS-CDMA) communication system. The proposed adaptive equalizer employs a combination of sign and least mean square (LMS) algorithms to minimizing the effect of inter-symbol interference (ISI) that arises due to multipath propagation, and the computational complexity of equalizer. The performance of proposed equalizer was compared with traditional equalizers such as LMS and RLS algorithms in terms of varying path. The function detail and performance results of the proposed equalizer are described by computer simulations in terms of the bit error rate (BER).
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Wang, Jiayu, Shuailong Dai, Xi Chen, Xiang Zhang, and Zhifei Shan. "Bidirectional Multi-Input and Multi-Output Energy Equalization Circuit for the Li-Ion Battery String Based on the Game Theory." Complexity 2019 (June 13, 2019): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/7081784.

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Energy inconsistency among Li-ion battery cells widely exists in energy storage systems, which contributes to the continuous deterioration of the system durability and overall performance. Researchers have proposed various kinds of battery energy equalizers to reduce such inconsistency. Among them, the inductor equalizer is a predominant type in fast equalization applications. However, it requires relatively more complex control than other types of equalizers. In order to reduce the control complexity of inductor equalizers, a bidirectional multi-input and multi-output energy equalization circuit based on the game theory is proposed in the present work. The proposed equalizer has the modularized circuit topology and the mutually independent working principle. A static game model is developed and exploited for the mathematical description and control analysis of an energy equalization circuit comprised of these equalizers. The feasible control of each equalizer was obtained by solving a series of linear equations for the Nash Equilibrium of the model among the states of charge of the battery cells. The complexity of equations grows linearly with the cell number. The equivalent simulation model for the four-cell equalization is established in the PISM software, where the operational data and simulation results justify the static game model and verify the control validation, respectively. It is concluded that the proposed inductor equalizer is suitable for large-scale battery strings in energy storage systems, electrical vehicles, and new energy power generation applications.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Equalizer"

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Sharma, Kripa. "Bilevel Equalizer Drivers for Large Lithium-Ion Batteries." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1564677943667852.

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Kim, Hyoung soo. "Design of silicon-based equalization techniques for band limited giga hertz channels." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/33996.

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The object of this research is to develop a solution for band-limited channels. Backplane channels and GPON channels are investigated to apply an equalization technique. Different lengths of backplane channels are measured with different signal speeds to investigate the channel performance. Also a GPON system with different fiber lengths is designed and set up in a lab to measure the BER performance. The GPON system utilizes a Fabry-Perot laser for the most economical solution. After the circuits are fabricated, they are inserted into the system to measure the performance of the channels with equalizers. Both the backplane and the GPON system show successful channel improvement in measured eye diagrams and BER. To expedite the procedure and eventually build an adaptive system which could be inserted and self-optimizing, we found it essential to monitor the output of the equalizer. A novel analog way to achieve this goal is suggested. All the equalizers mentioned in this dissertation have one summing node to add up all the values from VGAs. This structure is very efficient, but in the event that there are too many VGAs, it draws too much current through the one node. This issue is dealt with by the design of two nine tap equalizers, which are compared to assess the difference in performance between the unbalanced structure and the balanced structure.
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Senol, Sinan. "Performance Comparison Of Adaptive Decision Feedback Equalizer And Blind Decision Feedback Equalizer." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu/upload/1023746/index.pdf.

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The Decision Feedback Equalizer (DFE) is a known method of channel equalization which has performance superiority over linear equalizer. The best performance of DFE is obtained, commonly, with training period which is used for initial acquisiton of channel or recovering changes in the channel. The training period requires a training sequence which reduces the bit transmission rate or is not possible to send in most of the situations. So, it is desirable to skip the training period. The Unsupervised (Blind) DFE (UDFE) is such a DFE scheme which has no training period. The UDFE has two modes of operation. In one mode, the UDFE uses Constant Modulus Algorithm (CMA) to perform channel acquisition, blindly. The other mode is the same as classical decision-directed DFE. This thesis compares the performances of the classical trained DFE method and the UDFE. The performance comparison is done in some channel environments with the problem of timing error present in the received data bearing signal. The computer aided simulations are done for two stationary channels, a time-varying channel and a frequency selective Rayleigh fading channel to test the performance of the relevant equalizers. The test results are evaluted according to mean square error (MSE), bit-error rate (BER), residual intersymbol interference (RISI) performances and equalizer output diagrams. The test results show that the UDFE has an equal or, sometimes, better performance compared to the trained DFE methods. The two modes of UDFE enable it to solve the absence of training sequence.
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Mayer, Kayol Soares. "NMCMA-SDD concurrent equalizer." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2018. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/7981.

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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES
Em sistemas de comunica??o digital sem fio, o sinal transmitido pode ser afetado por v?rias fontes de distor??o, sendo as mais significantes o ru?do gaussiano branco aditivo (AWGN), multipercurso e efeito Doppler. Em ambientes onde a resposta de impulso do canal de comunica??o ? vari?vel no tempo, como em comunica??es m?veis, a distor??o por multipercurso ? din?mica. Juntamente com o efeito Doppler, o multipercurso din?mico pode at? mesmo eventualmente interromper completamente o link de comunica??o sem fio. Para minimizar este problema, equalizadores de canais autodidatas s?o usados para mitigar os efeitos de multipercurso e Doppler. Neste contexto, esta disserta??o prop?e um novo equalizador de canal autodidata (blind), baseado no algoritmo de m?dulo constante modificado n?o linear (NMCMA) e no equalizador Soft Direct Decision (SDD) em uma arquitetura concorrente. Este novo equalizador concorrente NMCMA-SDD ? comparado com o estado da arte, o equalizador concorrente com algoritmo de m?dulo constante (CMA)-SDD, operando sob os chamados "Brazil channels A-E", proposto pela Uni?o Internacional das Telecomunica??es (UIT). O equalizador proposto apresenta resultados significativos em compara??o com o estado da arte, possibilitando a opera??o em links de comunica??o sem fio entre ve?culos a?reos n?o tripulados (UAVs), ve?culos terrestres e em outros cen?rios de comunica??o din?mica.
In wireless digital communication systems, the transmitted signal may be affected by several sources of distortion, the most significant being Additive Whit Gaussian Noise (AWGN), multipath and Dopplr effect. In environmets where the impulse response of the communication channel is time variant, as in mobile communications, the multipath distortion is dynamic. Together with the Doppler effect, the dynamic multipath may even completely interrupt the wireless communication link. In order to solve this issue, blind channel equalizers are used to mitigate the multipath and Doppler effects. In this context, this dissertation proposes a novel blind channel equalizer, based on the Nonlinear Modified Constant Modulus Algorithm (NMCMA) and on the Soft Direct Desicion (SDD) equalizers in a concurrent architecture. This novel NMCMA-SDD concurrent equalizer is compared with the state of the art, the Constant Modulus Algorithm (CMA)-SDD concurrent equalizer, over the so-called "Brazil channels A-E", proposed by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). The proposed equalizer presents significant results when compared with the state of the art, making possible its operation in wireless communication links for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), terrestrial vehicles, and others dynamic communication scenarios.
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Karr, Jolanda Tracie. "Environmental education: The equalizer." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2860.

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Afran, Md Shah. "Frequency Domain Equalizer for Aeronautical Telemetry." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/596444.

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ITC/USA 2015 Conference Proceedings / The Fifty-First Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 26-29, 2015 / Bally's Hotel & Convention Center, Las Vegas, NV
This paper presents a frequency domain equalization (FDE) technique for aeronautical telemetry channels. The FDE has significantly lower computational complexity compared to its time-domain counterpart, however both are found to exhibit almost identical performance. A cyclic prefix is generally needed to implement the FDE. In this paper, we exploit the repetition of iNET preamble and ASM bits in place of cyclic prefix.
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Roy, Pulakesh. "Fractionally Spaced Blind Equalizer Performance Improvement." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31048.

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Blind equalization schemes are used to cancel the effects of a channel on the received signal when the transmission of a training sequence in a predefined time slot is not possible. In the absence of a training sequence, blind equalization schemes can also increase the throughput of the overall system. A general problem with blind adaptation techniques is that they have poor convergence properties compared to the traditional techniques using training sequences. Having a multi-modal cost surface, blind adaptation techniques may force the equalizer to converge to a false minimum, depending on the initialization. The most commonly used blind adaptation algorithm is the Constant Modulus Algorithm (CMA). It is shown by simulation that a logarithmic error equation can make CMA converge to a global minimum, if a differential encoding scheme is used. The performance of CMA with different error equations is also investigated for different channel conditions. For a time varying channel, the performance of an equalizer not only depends on the convergence behavior but also on the tracking property, which indicates the ability of an equalizer to track changes in the channel. The tracking property of a blind equalizer with CMA has been investigated under different channel conditions. It is also shown that the tracking property of a blind equalizer can be improved by using a recursive linear predictor at the output of the equalizer to predict the amplitude of the equalizer output. The predicted value of the amplitude is then used to adjust the instantaneous gain of the overall system. A recursive linear predictor is designed to predict a colored signal without having a priori knowledge about the correlation function of the input sequence. The performance of the designed predictor is also investigated by predicting the envelope of a flat fading channel under constant mobile velocity and constant acceleration conditions.
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Xingwen, Ding, Zhai Wantao, Chang Hongyu, and Chen Ming. "CMA BLIND EQUALIZER FOR AERONAUTICAL TELEMETRY." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624262.

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In aeronautical telemetry, the multipath interference usually causes significant performance degradation. As the bit rate of telemetry systems increases, the impairments of multipath interference are more serious. The constant modulus algorithm (CMA) blind equalizer is effective to mitigate the impairments of multipath interference. The CMA adapts the equalizer coefficients to minimize the deviation of the signal envelope from a constant level. This paper presents the performances of the CMA blind equalizer applied for PCM-FM, PCM-BPSK, SOQPSK-TG and ARTM CPM in aeronautical telemetry.
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Chandramouli, Soumya. "A Novel Analog Decision-Feedback Equalizer in CMOS for Serial 10-Gb/sec Data Transmission Systems." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19847.

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This dissertation develops an unclocked receiver analog decision-feedback equalizer (ADFE) circuit architecture and topology and implements the circuit in 0.18-um CMOS to enable 10-Gb/sec serial baseband data transmission over FR-4 backplane and optical fibre. The ADFE overcomes the first feedback-loop latency challenge of traditional digital and mixed-signal DFEs by separating data re-timing from equalization and also eliminates the need for clock-recovery prior to decision-feedback equalization. The ADFE enables 10-Gb/sec decision-feedback equalization using a 0.18-um CMOS process, the first to do so to the author s knowledge. A tuneable current-mode-logic (CML) feedback-loop is designed to enable first post-cursor cancellation for a range of data-rates and to have external control over loop latency over variations in process, voltage and temperature. CML design techniques are used to minimize current consumption and achieve the required voltage swing for decision-feedback to take place. The all-analog equalizer consumes less power and area than comparable state-of-the art DFEs. The ADFE is used to compensate inter-symbol interference (ISI) for 20 inches of FR-4 backplane and 300 m of multi-mode fibre at 10-Gb/sec. The ADFE also extends the reach of single-mode fibre at 10-Gb/sec to 120 km. The work described in this dissertation advances the state-of-the-art in equalization solutions for multi-Gb/sec serial data transmission and can find applications in several of the 10-Gb/sec Ethernet standards that have been approved recently. The contributions of this work toward future research are also discussed.
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Tressler, Neera. "Equalizer design for discrete wavelet multitone transceiver." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6182.

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Discrete Wavelet Multi-tone (DWMT) is a multi-carrier technique that uses Wavelet Transform (WT) for modulation. A DWMT communication system is designed and an attempt is made to optimize the equalizer design and the structure of the DWMT receiver. Three plausible receiver designs consisting of a time domain equalizer (TEQ), several frequency domain equalizers (FEQ) and a combination of a simple TEQ and simple FEQs, are examined. The Linear equalizer (LE) is used as the TEQ, whereas the LE and the Decision Feedback Equalizer (DFE) are used as FEQs. These designs are simulated, tested on different twisted pair Very high-speed Digital Subscriber Loop (VDSL) channels and compared with each other in terms of their complexity and performance. The results indicate that the receiver designs consisting of only TEQ or only FEQs do not give a good signal reconstruction, in spite of using a large number of taps in the equalizers. On the other hand, the receiver structure consisting of a combination of a TEQ and FEQs was found to give a better performance, with lesser complexity in both the TEQ and the FEQs. A few taps in TEQ are found to be sufficient for eliminating most of the ISI in the signal. After demodulation, an FEQ with a few taps for each subchannel is sufficient to equalize the signal further and give a much lower Symbol Error Rate SER, as compared to both the previous structures. The DFE was found to give better performance than the LE. We conclude that the receiver design consisting of a simple TEQ and simple subchannel DFE-based FEQs, is most suitable for the DWMT transceiver among the three different designs tested for a DWMT system.
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Books on the topic "Equalizer"

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Sloan, Michael. The equalizer. Universal City, CA: Universal Studios, 2008.

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The great equalizer. Sag Harbor, N.Y: Permanent Press, 1986.

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Michael, Sloan, ed. The equalizer: A novel. London: W.H. Allen, 1986.

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EDUCATION: The great equalizer. [Place of publication not identified]: BLURB, 2015.

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Ken, St Andre, ed. Naked doom: And, Deathtrap equalizer. London: Corgi, 1986.

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R, Powell James. Playback equalizer settings for 78 rpm recordings. 2nd ed. Portage, MI: Gramophone Adventures, 2002.

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Driscoll, William J., and Julie Clark. Globalization and the poor: Exploitation or equalizer? New York: International Debate Education Association, 2003.

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The Equalizer - To even the odds (book 2). London: W.H. Allen, 1987.

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Brynjolfsson, Erik. The great equalizer?: Consumer choice behavior at Internet shopbots. [Cambridge, Mass.]: MIT Sloan School of Management, 2001.

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Santoro, Victor. Be your own equalizer: How to fight the system and win. Boulder, Colo: Paladin Press, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Equalizer"

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Weik, Martin H. "equalizer." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 530. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_6335.

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Weik, Martin H. "slope equalizer." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 1605. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_17607.

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Weik, Martin H. "frequency equalizer." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 648. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_7636.

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Weik, Martin H. "phase equalizer." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 1258. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_13903.

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Weik, Martin H. "residual equalizer." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 1478. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_16198.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Equalizer Rod." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 272. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_4481.

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Weik, Martin H. "delay equalizer." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 379. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_4636.

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Weik, Martin H. "amplitude equalizer." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 44. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_597.

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Karam, Lina J., and Naji Mounsef. "Music Equalizer." In Introduction to Engineering, 45–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-79315-8_4.

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Weik, Martin H. "temperature-compensating equalizer." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 1759. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_19319.

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Conference papers on the topic "Equalizer"

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Eilemann, Stefan, Maxim Makhinya, and Renato Pajarola. "Equalizer." In ACM SIGGRAPH ASIA 2008 courses. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1508044.1508088.

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Hammoud, Mohammad, Sangyeun Cho, and Rami G. Melhem. "Cache equalizer." In the 6th International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1944862.1944889.

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Wang, Chenguang, Yici Cai, Haoyi Wang, and Qiang Zhou. "Electromagnetic equalizer." In ICCAD '18: IEEE/ACM INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3240765.3240804.

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Hassan, Halina, Basir Saibon, and Nurul Na'imy Wan. "Noise variance comparison for linear network equalizer and non-linear network equalizer: Network equalizer performance." In 2012 International Conference on Statistics in Science, Business and Engineering (ICSSBE2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icssbe.2012.6396548.

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Yu, Liyu, K. Settu, B. H. Sudantha, and C. Y. Yang. "Convolutional Equalizer - A Convolutional Approach to Equalize Input Features in Dimension." In 2019 International Conference on System Science and Engineering (ICSSE). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsse.2019.8823380.

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Kim, Yang-Hann. "The Spatial Equalizer." In 2014 International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Convergence (ICTC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ictc.2014.6983349.

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Eilemann, Stefan. "Equalizer programming guide." In ACM SIGGRAPH ASIA 2008 courses. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1508044.1508089.

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Ramo, Jussi, and Vesa Valimaki. "Graphic Delay Equalizer." In ICASSP 2019 - 2019 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2019.8682949.

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Seongwook Jeong and Jaekyun Moon. "Self-Iterating Soft Equalizer." In 2011 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2011.6134123.

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Chen, Liang-Rui, Bo-Hong Chen, Cheng-Hung Hsu, You-Xun Yang, Chuan-Sheng Liu, Wen-Chin Wu, and Neng-Yi Chu. "LC Resonant Battery Equalizer." In 2019 IEEE 4th International Future Energy Electronics Conference (IFEEC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ifeec47410.2019.9014668.

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Reports on the topic "Equalizer"

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Lawton, III, and Frank C. The Third World Submarine Threat - Another Great Equalizer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada236879.

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Deibele, C., and /Fermilab. Design of the Core 2-4 GHz Betatron Equalizer. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/984589.

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Martin, Joseph, and Jr. The Maritime Prepositioning Programs; Combatant Commander's Force Equalizer and Logistical Lifeblood. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada312208.

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Agostinelli, Francesco, Matthias Doepke, Giuseppe Sorrenti, and Fabrizio Zilibotti. When the Great Equalizer Shuts Down: Schools, Peers, and Parents in Pandemic Times. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w28264.

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Petros, Ankets, Bethel Terefe, and Tess Dico-Young. "Sima": The "Great Equalizer" Pushes Everyone to Destitution: Gender analysis for drought response in Ethiopia – Somali Region. Oxfam, December 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2017.1237.

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Richardson, Allissa V. Trends in Mobile Journalism: Bearing Witness, Building Movements, and Crafting Counternarratives. Just Tech, Social Science Research Council, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35650/jt.3010.d.2021.

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Abstract:
This field review examines how African American mobile journalism became a model for marginalized people’s political communication across the United States. The review explores how communication scholars’ theories about mobile journalism and media witnessing evolved since 2010 to include ethnocentric investigations of the genre. Additionally, it demonstrates how Black people’s use of the mobile device to document police brutality provided a brilliant, yet fraught, template for modern activism. Finally, it shows how Black mobile journalism created undeniable counternarratives that challenged the journalism industry in 2020 and presented scholars with a wealth of researchable questions. Taken together, the review complicates our understanding of Black mobile journalism as a great equalizer—pushing us to also consider what we lose when we lean too heavily on video testimony as a tool for political communication.
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Deibele, C., and /Fermilab. Synthesis of Band Filters and Equalizers Using Microwav FIR Techniques. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/984591.

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Deibele, C., and /Wisconsin U., Madison. Design of 2-4 GHz Equalizers for the Antiproton Accumulator Stacktail System. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/984634.

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Uematsu, Isao, Mari Sakamoto, and Kazuyuki Maruyama. A Proposal of Universal Lighting System That Equalizes Conspicuity of Vehicles in Mixed Traffic. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, September 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-08-0453.

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Giannakis, Georgios B., and N. D. Sidiropoulos. Algorithm Development and Experimental Evaluation of Blind Equalizers for Rapidly Varying Channels with Antenna Arrays. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada384653.

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