Academic literature on the topic 'Equality – Social aspects'
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Journal articles on the topic "Equality – Social aspects"
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Loi, M., L. Del Savio, and E. Stupka. "Social Epigenetics and Equality of Opportunity." Public Health Ethics 6, no. 2 (July 1, 2013): 142–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/phe/pht019.
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Wigati, Indah. "The Social Aspects of Gender-responsiveness in Schools." Sawwa: Jurnal Studi Gender 14, no. 2 (October 21, 2019): 147–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21580/sa.v14i2.4523.
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Schools are strategic institutions to fight for gender equality. There is one school in South Sumatera that applies the concept of gender, namely SMA 2 Sekayu. This study aims to analyze the social aspects of gender-responsiveness in schools. The approach used is descriptive qualitative phenomenological. The informants consisted of school principals, teachers, students, school committees, and education staff. Data were collected through observation, interviews, documentation and analyzed using an interactive model of analysis consisting of reduction, presentation, and verification. Meanwhile, the social aspects of gender-responsiveness were analyzed through Longwe. The results showed that the implementation of gender-oriented schools on social aspects involved women and men of the school committee. Teachers' and parents’ interactions run well. The school had a puberty management forum for male and female students. The interaction of all school members is in accordance with the concepts of gender equality. But the teacher did not yet have the ability to control and detect sexual harassment against students. To realize gender-responsiveness, all components in the school must have gender sensitivity.
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O'Brien, Michael. "Equality and fairness: Linking social justice and social work practice." Journal of Social Work 11, no. 2 (April 2011): 143–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468017310386834.
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• Summary: Social justice lies at the heart of social work practice and is used by practitioners to describe their practice. That practice is primarily described at the individual level. • Findings: Equality and fairness are core aspects of social justice and are drawn on extensively by social work practitioners in this research project to define social justice and are reflected in their practice. The two terms are, however, given a range of diverse meanings by practitioners. Those meanings are translated into and reflected in their practice. • Application: There are important implications for social work education, the social work profession and social work practice in the diverse ways in which the terms are understood and used.
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Martschenko, Daphne Oluwaseun. "Social Equality in an Alternate World." Hastings Center Report 51, no. 6 (November 2021): 54–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hast.1307.
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Ok il-nam. "Aspects of Realization of Gender Equality Education in Social Studies Textbooks." Theory and Research in Citizenship Education 47, no. 1 (March 2015): 145–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.35557/trce.47.1.201503.006.
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Wihl, Tim. "Drei Stufen der Gleichheit?" Rechtsphilosophie 8, no. 2 (2022): 170–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/2364-1355-2022-2-170.
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The text develops three theses: First, equality has three juridical aspects, namely universal equality, particular equality and social equality. Second, liberal freedom must always appear in these three aspects simultaneously in order to become concrete and real. Third, equal freedom is not exhausted in this liberal juridical form but strives beyond it by itself for quasi-revolutionary change.
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Maniquet, François. "Opportunities, Welfare, and Social Justice: A Review of Fishkin's Bottlenecks." Journal of Economic Literature 55, no. 2 (June 1, 2017): 580–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jel.20151323.
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In his Bottlenecks: A New Theory of Equal Opportunity, Joseph Fishkin claims he presents an entirely new way of thinking about equality of opportunity. The core of the new theory is the call for opportunity pluralism, which consists in enlarging the range of opportunities available to people at every stage in life. In this essay, we discuss how successful Fishkin is at shaking the way economists think about equality of opportunity. We identify two aspects of Fishkin's theory that deeply conflict with economic theories of equality of opportunity. Those aspects have to do with the way economists interpret the ethical values of respect for preferences and responsibility. We also argue that the way Fishkin suggests to look at opportunities can help economists fill gaps in the way they define well-being and social justice. (JEL A13, D63, I31).
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Djordjevic, Charles. "Be(com)ing a Christian Is Not a Social Identity: Kierkegaard and the Refusal of Social Roles." Religions 12, no. 6 (June 8, 2021): 419. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel12060419.
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This paper examines aspects of Kierkegaard’s authorship in relation to contemporary identity politics. Specifically, it argues that several pseudonymous voices in Kierkegaard’s works and identity politics share the contention that ethics presupposes concrete practical identities in order to function. Given this, one conception of liberalism, predicated on procedural equality, is not viable. However, it also argues that other voices in Kierkegaard’s oeuvres press beyond identities and proffer a radically new way to make sense of differences and equality, one predicated on infinity.
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Colton, Jared S., and Steve Holmes. "A Social Justice Theory of Active Equality for Technical Communication." Journal of Technical Writing and Communication 48, no. 1 (May 3, 2016): 4–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0047281616647803.
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Certain aspects of social justice research tacitly work from political frameworks of “passive equality.” Passive equality can limit a technical communicator’s ability to enact social justice in terms of (a) signaling the presence of an injustice and (b) waiting for the organization, institution, or state to make the correction (e.g., liberalism’s distributive justice). By contrast, this article foregrounds the political philosophy of Jacques Rancière as a way to cultivate a practice of “active equality” that enables technical communicators to enact social justice rather than wait for institutional redistribution.
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Trojanowska, Monika. "ARCHITECTURAL STRATEGIES THAT PROMOTE CREATION OF SOCIAL BONDS WITHIN ECO-NEIGHBOURHOODS." Space&FORM 2020, no. 46 (June 24, 2021): 195–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.21005/pif.2021.46.c-07.
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Modern eco-neighbourhoods are designed to implement the 3e principles: ecology – equality - economy. The ecological aspects require harmony with nature and people. The equality concept stipulates living together in the environment which stimulates individual growth and well-being. The economic aspects encompasses promotion of short-distances circular economy, securing employment for the inhabitants and limiting wasteful spending. The goal of those principles is to create the neighbourhoods, where the well-being of inhabitants is promoted. This paper discusses how the designed environment based on 3e principles can influence the creation of community engagement, social bonds and social capital.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Equality – Social aspects"
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KRÖGER, Lea Katharina. "Family matters : a sibling similarity approach to the study of intergenerational inequality in Germany." Doctoral thesis, European University Institute, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/1814/70865.
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Defence date: 13 April 2021Examining Board: Professor Fabrizio Bernardi (European University Institute); Professor Juho Härkönen (European University Institute); Professor Anette Eva Fasang (Humboldt University Berlin); Professor Markus Jäntti (Stockholm University)
The intergenerational transmission of inequality is a research field that has sub-strands in several disciplines with findings that have consequences for the way we see and evaluate our society. Therefore, it is crucial to continuously update how we address questions in such an important research area. In this thesis, I study the importance of the family of origin for different areas of social inequality using a sibling design. I estimate the influence of the family on labor market success, partnership union formation, and occupational gender stratification in Germany using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel. The results show that the family plays a crucial role in the generations of social inequality over the life course. It affects the labor market attainment for different social origin groups and over and above a person's education, and it influences the timing of marriage, cohabitation, and living-apart-together unions. In addition, the gender composition of the sibling group creates inequality regarding occupational attainment within families. Thus, this thesis provides a comprehensive view of how the family of origin is relevant to several areas of social and economic life in Germany. It discusses the implications of using a comprehensive approach to the family for further research and policy.
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Law, Hau-yee, and 羅巧兒. "An evaluation on the Building Safety Loan Scheme in Hong Kong: a social equality perspective study." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45008176.
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Wong, Ian-ian, and 黃茵茵. "Public rental housing and social inequity in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43895566.
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Caouette, Julie. ""Don't blame me for what my ancestors did!" : factors associated with the experience of collective guilt regarding aboriginal people." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=79828.
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Egalitarianism is highly valued in Canada and yet some groups are profoundly disadvantaged. This can be explained by sociological and psychological theorizing that claims advantaged group members are motivated to maintain a system of inequality from which they benefit. The challenge is to explain the few advantaged group members who defy self-interest and support disadvantaged groups. My research objectives were to understand what motivates selected advantaged group members to support disadvantaged groups, and to understand how the majority of advantaged group members maintain their belief in egalitarianism in the face of clear social inequality. Results revealed that most advantaged group members value egalitarianism highly, but only those who define egalitarianism in terms of social responsibility unequivocally support the interests of disadvantaged groups. Most advantaged group members conceive egalitarianism in terms of equality of opportunity, rights or treatment, allowing them to legitimize inequality; consequently, they are less willing to sympathize with the demands for fair treatment by disadvantaged group.
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Yeh, Ling-Miao. "Determination of legitimate speakers of English in ESL discourse social-cultural aspects of selected issues - power, subjectivity and equality /." Connect to this title online, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1092350762.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2004.Document formatted into pages; contains 299 p. Includes bibliographical references. Abstract available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center; full text release delayed at author's request until 2007 Aug. 13.
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Kohon, Jacklyn Nicole. "Building Social Sustainability from the Ground Up: The Contested Social Dimension of Sustainability in Neighborhood-Scale Urban Regeneration in Portland, Copenhagen, and Nagoya." PDXScholar, 2015. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2330.
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In response to growing social inequality, environmental crises, and economic instability, sustainability discourse has become the dominant "master signifier" for many fields, particularly the field of urban planning. However, in practice many sustainability methods overemphasize technological and economic growth-oriented solutions while underemphasizing the social dimension. The social dimension of sustainability remains a "concept in chaos" drawing little agreement on definitions, domains, and indicators for addressing the social challenges of urban life. In contrast, while the field of public health, with its emphasis on social justice principles, has made significant strides in framing and developing interventions to target the social determinants of health (SDH), this work has yet to be integrated into sustainability practice as a tool for framing the social dimension. Meanwhile, as municipalities move forward with these lopsided efforts at approaching sustainability practice, cities continue to experience gentrification, increasing homelessness, health disparities, and many other concerns related to social inequity, environmental injustice, and marginalization. This research involves multi-site, comparative case studies of neighborhood-scale sustainability planning projects in Portland, U.S.; Copenhagen, Denmark; and Nagoya, Japan to bring to light an understanding of how the social dimension is conceptualized and translated to practice in different contexts, as well as the challenges planners, citizen participants, and other stakeholders encounter in attempting to do so. These case studies find that these neighborhood-scale planning efforts are essentially framing the social dimension in terms of principles of SDH. Significant challenges encountered at the neighborhood-scale relate to political economic context and trade-offs between ideals of social sustainability, such as social inclusion and nurturing a sense of belonging when confronted with diverse neighborhood actors, such as sexually oriented businesses and recent immigrants. This research contributes to urban social sustainability literature and sustainability planning practice by interrogating these contested notions and beginning to create a pathway for integration of SDH principles into conceptualizations of social sustainability.
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Diaz, Martinez Elisa. "Does social class explain health inequalities? : a study of Great Britain and Spain." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2004. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:ca53a88e-0459-47d0-b13a-2525745d0d6a.
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The main research questions examined in this thesis concern the extent to which social class influence individuals' health, and how and whether individuals' occupation, education and lifestyles mediate between class and health. The conclusions drawn from the analysis of these empirical questions cast further light on the widening health inequalities seen in developed societies in recent decades. In particular, this research suggests that, employment conditions as well as educational levels are variables that need to be taken into account when planning policies aimed at tackling differences in health outcomes. Lifestyle variables, on the other hand, would appear to be almost irrelevant when explaining why the members of the more privileged social classes not only live longer than those in other classes, but also enjoy significantly better health over the course of their lives. In trying to understand the association between class and health, I define a theoretical framework that specifies the mechanisms through which class is linked to health. Social structure influences health by distributing certain factors such as material resources or some health-related behaviour that ultimately result in individuals having different living conditions. Educational attainment also affects the way these resources are employed and, therefore, lifestyles. A fundamental element of a social class is occupation: individuals' employment and working conditions also affect their health. Furthermore, the nature of a social structure has an effect on health at the aggregate level of analysis since social policies are partly the result of the structure of class interests. Four mechanisms are specified in order to systematically test this theoretical framework. Mechanisms (2) and (3), those that relate class and health through education and lifestyle lie at the heart of the empirical analysis. This analysis employs individual-level data drawn from health surveys carried out during the first half of the 1990s in the two countries selected for the analysis, United Kingdom and Spain. These countries are treated as contexts in which to test the theoretical explanation. The main results of the analysis reveal the importance of social class in determining health outcomes. Indeed, individuals from different classes enjoy distinct degrees of health. Specifically, individuals in the most privileged class categories have persistently better health than those in the other class categories. Differences exist in terms of both objective and subjective or self-perceived health. Moving on from observation to explanation, the analysis suggests that the distribution of certain resources across classes accounts for some of the variance in health outcomes. Hence, education is identified as a significant variable to comprehend part of the health inequalities in developed societies. Lifestyle, on the other hand, does not appear relevant in accounting for health outcomes. The small differences found between the United Kingdom and Spain in the mechanisms that link class and health suggest that the process through which class affects health is essentially similar in developed societies.
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Galloway, Sarah. "Distinguishing between empowerment and emancipation in the context of adult literacies education : understanding power and enacting equality." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/12902.
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This thesis considers a theoretical tradition which is concerned with how adult literacies education might not always serve to socialise students into existing society, instead encouraging possibilities for desirable alternatives to it. Without this possibility, adult literacies education might only be understood as a socialising machine that slots students into society as it stands and where the role of research is to describe its operation. My research describes a long-standing refusal by educators, researchers and students to accept this possibility and my thesis continues this tradition. Through the analysis and interplay of the work of Pierre Bourdieu, James Paul Gee, Paulo Freire, Jacques Rancière, I distinguish between empowerment and emancipation in the context of literacies education. I set out the assumptions that Bourdieu and Gee make, how they understand power, identity, discourse and oppression, and what this means for the practice of an empowering adult literacies education. I also present assumptions made by Freire and Rancière, how they understand equality and oppression, and how an emancipatory literacies education might be understood and practiced. In particular, I describe how education for ‘empowerment’ encourages practices underpinned by the assumption that ideological processes prevent students from understanding how oppression is manifested. In contrast, I describe how an emancipatory education implies enacting educational relationships that are not reliant on this assumption, whilst exerting a social response to societal oppression. I make three claims. Firstly, that the idea of an emancipatory literacies education has come to be neglected or conflated with the idea that literacies education might empower, which has come to hold great sway. In so doing, I critique Freire’s work whilst reclaiming it as an emancipatory project. Secondly, that the educational practices associated with adult literacies for empowerment can be understood to encourage the socialisation of students into society as it stands. This emphasises the importance of distinguishing between empowerment and emancipation in the context of adult literacies education. Finally, that emancipation is a notion that must continue to be questioned and explored if educators, students and academics are to take responsibility for the practice of adult literacies education and its consequences. An emancipatory literacies education cannot be reliant upon the assumption that discourse is inherently ideological. Instead, it is predicated upon teachers and students assuming that emancipation is possible and acting on that assumption.
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Schoff, Staci Leigh. "Economic Inequality's Correlation with Political Inequality and Inequality of Opportunity and the Implications for Social Justice Theory." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/980.
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In 2004 the American Political Science Association ("APSA") published research exploring whether the rising income inequality in the United States had an effect on political equality. Although the APSA found tremendous evidence of a correlation between income and political power, the APSA nonetheless concluded that the issue could not be conclusively determined without further analysis.
The intent of this thesis is to argue the position that economic inequality is heavily implicated in both political equality and equality of opportunity, and to propose a political theory that directly addresses - rather than evades - this issue. A conclusion drawn in this paper is that it is necessary in liberal capitalist environments to place constraints on individual economic liberty for the sake of maintaining some degree of economic equality. I show in this paper that this conclusion is consistent with both the liberal tradition and American political culture.
This paper accepts - rather than circumvents - the fundamental principle that income inequality is inevitable in a capitalist democracy as is the ability of money to purchase positions, power and assorted privileges. Therefore, it should be the goal of social justice theory to ensure the gap between the richest and poorest be allowed to be great enough to respect individual choice and responsibility, but not great enough to dampen the opportunities available to those born into the bottom of the economic scale or to permit those born into the top of the economic ladder to exert oppressive power over the rest.
In the final chapter I propose four methods of narrowing economic inequality. These include a minimum standard, minimum wage and income tax reform, a tax and cap on wealth and an absolute inheritance cap. These four methods of limiting economic inequality are directed at narrowing, if not eliminating political inequality and inequality of opportunity.
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Azong, Jecynta A. "Economic policy, childcare and the unpaid economy : exploring gender equality in Scotland." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/22827.
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The research undertaken represents an in-depth study of gender and economics from a multi-disciplinary perspective. By drawing on economic, social policy and political science literature it makes an original contribution to the disciplines of economics and feminist economics by advancing ideas on a feminist theory of policy change and institutional design. Equally, the study develops a framework for a multi-method approach to feminist research with applied policy focus by establishing a pragmatic feminist research paradigm. By espousing multiple research philosophies, it extends understanding of gender differences in policy outcomes by connecting theories from feminist economics, feminist historical institutionalism and ideational processes. Jointly funded by the Economic and Social Research Council UK and the Scottish Government, this project attempts to answer three key questions: What is the relative position of men and women in the Scottish economy and how do childcare responsibilities influence these? Which institutions, structures and processes have been instrumental in embedding gender in Scottish economic policy? To what extent and how is the Scottish Government’s approach to economic policy gendered? Quantitative analysis reveals persistently disproportionate differences in men and women’s position in the labour market. Women remain over-represented in part-time employment and in the public sector in the 10years under investigation. Using panel data, the multinomial logistic regression estimation of patterns in labour market transitions equally reveal disproportionate gendered patterns, with families with dependent children 0-4years at a disadvantage to those without. Qualitative analysis indicates that these differences are partly explained by the fact that the unpaid economy still remains invisible to policymakers despite changes in the institutional design, policy processes and the approach to equality policymaking undertaken in Scotland. Unpaid childcare work is not represented as policy relevant and the way gender, equality and gender equality are conceptualised within institutional sites and on political agendas pose various challenges for policy development on unpaid childcare work and gender equality in general. Additionally, policymakers in Scotland do not integrate both the paid and unpaid economies in economic policy formulation since social policy and economic policy are designed separately. The study also establishes that the range of institutions and actors that make-up the institutional setting for regulating and promoting equality, influence how equality issues are treated within a national context. In Scotland, equality regulating institutions such as parliament, the Scottish Government, equality commission and the law are instrumental variables in determining the range of equality issues that are embedded in an equality infrastructure and the extent to which equality issues, including gender, are consequently embedded in public policy and government budgets. Significantly despite meeting all the attributes of an equality issue, unpaid care is not classified as a protected characteristic in the Equality legislation. These institutions can ameliorate, sustain or perpetuate the delivery of unequitable policy outcomes for men and women in the mutually dependent paid and unpaid economy. Thus, economic, social and political institutions are not independent from one another but are interrelated in complex ways that subsequently have material consequences on men and women in society. In summary, there are interlinkages between the law, labour market, the unpaid economy, the welfare state and gendered political institutions such that policy or institutional change in one will be dependent on or trigger change in another. These institutions are gendered, but are also interlinked and underpin the gender structure of other institutions to the extent that the gendered norms and ideas embedded in one institution, for example legislation or political institutions, structure the gendered dimensions of the labour market, welfare state, and the unpaid economy. By shedding light on institutional and political forces that regulate equality in addition to macroeconomic forces, the analysis reveals the important role of institutions, policy actors and their ideas as instrumental forces which constantly define, redefine and reconstruct the labour market experiences of men and women with significant material consequences.
Books on the topic "Equality – Social aspects"
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Museums, equality, and social justice. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge, 2012.
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Rao, M. N. Law and social justice: Some aspects. Visakhapatnam: Andhra University, 1992.
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Equality as a fact, equality as a result: A matter of institutional accountability. Washington, DC: American Council of Education, 2005.
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Donnarae, MacCann, ed. Social Responsibility in Librarianship: Essays on Equality. Jefferson, N.C: McFarland, 1989.
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Itzkoff, Seymour W. The road to equality: Evolution and social reality. Westport, Conn: Praeger, 1992.
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Bonnie, Diamond, and Fournier Francine 1939-, eds. Equality and access: A new social contract. [Ottawa: s.n.], 1986.
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Equality and achievement in education. Boulder: Westview Press, 1990.
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Moroncini, Bruno. Ineguale umanità: Comunità, esperienza, differenza sessuale. Napoli: Liguori, 1991.
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Green, Andy. Education, equality and social cohesion: A comparative analysis. Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007.
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Le défi social du développement, globalisation et inégalités. Genève: Institut universitaire d'études du développement, 2006.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Equality – Social aspects"
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Meira, Deolinda, and Maria Elisabete Ramos. "Social Enterprises and Benefit Corporations in Portugal." In The International Handbook of Social Enterprise Law, 739–58. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14216-1_36.
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AbstractThe Portuguese legal system does not provide for the general regime of social enterprises. The legal notion offered by the Public Procurement Code has a sectoral scope, and the Basic Law on Social Economy is ambiguous as to the relationship between social enterprises and social economy. Benefit corporations have no legislative provision in the Portuguese legal order. However, “company” types are endowed with some flexibility. This allows shareholders to adapt the statutes to their business projects within the law’s limits through statutory clauses. Statutory clauses can incorporate the interests of the general community, workers and other stakeholders, translated, for example, into dividend distribution policies or environmentally sustainable practices, gender equality policies or the promotion of social responsibility measures.Although not expressly stated in Portuguese law, the current state of legal doctrine allows us to argue that social enterprises in Portugal are included in the perimeter of social economy entities.The areas of impact measured by B certification seem to be inspired by the experience concerning cooperatives, which combine social and economic aspects. Cooperatives, however, go beyond B-Corp entities. B certification, granted by private entity B-Lab, is not a new legal regime but only a label that distinguishes companies. Some Portuguese companies are B-Lab certified companies.
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Radišić, Jelena, and Andreas Pettersen. "Resilient and Nonresilient Students in Sweden and Norway—Investigating the Interplay Between Their Self-Beliefs and the School Environment." In Equity, Equality and Diversity in the Nordic Model of Education, 273–304. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61648-9_11.
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AbstractUsing TIMSS 2015 data and a person-centred approach, the chapter focuses on academically resilient students in Norway and Sweden in grade eight. The self-belief profiles of academically resilient students compared with the nonresilient groups (i.e., low SES/low achievement, high SES/low achievement and high SES/high achievement) are investigated. Further, we evaluated the characteristics of the classroom environment for each of the profiles. After accounting for student SES and achievement, personal characteristics, advantages and disadvantages in the classroom and the school environment, we identified distinctive student profiles that might be more prone to risk. In the context of the equality–inequality paradigm, recognition of these profiles can strengthen the possibility to reduce the gap in battling different aspects of inequality across social groups. Concurrently, although we distinguish the same student groups across Sweden and Norway, their distribution within the countries differs. The latter results contribute to the ongoing debate on the dissolution/unification of the Nordic model, especially regarding particular trends within the Swedish education system.
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Muñiz, Leticia, and Joan Miquel Verd. "Theoretical-Methodological Elements for Comparative Analysis of Social Inequalities in Life Courses." In Towards a Comparative Analysis of Social Inequalities between Europe and Latin America, 295–329. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48442-2_10.
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AbstractSocial inequalities are one of the structural problem areas of Western capitalist societies, and are of particular relevance both in Europe and in Latin America. Sociological studies on the issue account for the complexity of the phenomenon by presenting their constitution and consolidation based on the analysis of institutional and subjective aspects, which include the particularities, on the one hand, of the socio-economic systems of countries and regions; and, on the other hand, the representations, dispositions and actions deployed by individuals in order to deal with and live in an unequal world.This chapter forms part of these discussions on social inequalities by developing a theoretical-methodological analysis that helps to generate critical views of the phenomenon in a context in which there is a need to design public policies that will foster equality. In particular, social inequalities are studied from the perspective of life courses, which involves multidimensional analyses over time; and a theoretical-methodological model that deepens our current knowledge of the Comparative Biographical Perspective is developed. In order to show how this approach can be used empirically, we then present an analysis of the career paths of workers with different levels of education in Argentina and Spain.
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Bilecen, Başak. "Reciprocity Within Migrant Networks: The Role of Social Support for Employment." In IMISCOE Research Series, 159–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94972-3_8.
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AbstractThis chapter investigates the ways in which migrants’ perceive and mobilize their social relationships to enter into the labor market. Previous literature has ample evidence on the importance of social ties for migrants to find a job usually studying the received job information while underlining ethnicity of ties as if it is the only aspect that matters in the labor market. Going beyond those debates, this chapter argues that not only receiving information on jobs, but also being embedded in a supportive network in other realms such as care is equally significant in explaining the labor market positions of international migrants and their descendants. To this end, based on a qualitative personal network analysis with international migrants and migrant descendants from Turkey living in Germany, this chapter illustrates how such supportive resources are being exchanged in networks as well as their meanings for migrants’ labor market (non-)participation. After all, studying those migrants who found paid employment via their social ties is only one part of the explanation overlooking other factors such as support they receive or (expected to) give.
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Lenssen-Erz, Tilman, and Andreas Pastoors. "Reading Spoor." In Reading Prehistoric Human Tracks, 101–18. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60406-6_6.
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AbstractThe spoor of animals and humans alike contain rich information about an individual and about a momentary activity this individual performed. If the – arguably hard-wired – human ability to read spoor and tracks is sufficiently trained, a footprint allows to glean from it various physical, kinetic, medical, social and psychologic data about an individual, as has been observed among various populations across the globe. The Ju|’hoansi San from northern Namibia still today practice traditional hunting so that tracking is a skill that is required and trained on a daily base. For a good tracker, the information she or he gets from spoor is equally rich on animal and human footprints, and it is not necessary that the tracker has been exposed before to the individual whose spoor she/he reads. In order to allow an assessment of how tenable are the interpretations by contemporary hunter-gatherers of prehistoric human footprints, this chapter elucidates methodological aspects of tracking and situates this ability in an epistemological framework.
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Arneson, R. J. "Equality: Philosophical Aspects." In International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, 4724–29. Elsevier, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b0-08-043076-7/01040-8.
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Picavet, Emmanuel. "Equality: Philosophical Aspects." In International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, 906–11. Elsevier, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-097086-8.63023-4.
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Sturm, S. "Equality and Inequality: Legal Aspects." In International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, 4717–22. Elsevier, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b0-08-043076-7/02843-6.
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Sturm, Susan. "Equality and Inequality: Legal Aspects." In International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, 894–902. Elsevier, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-097086-8.86028-6.
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"IV. Mobility, Equality, and Individuation in Modern Japan." In Aspects of Social Change in Modern Japan, 113–50. Princeton University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781400872060-006.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Equality – Social aspects"
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Izgarskaya, Anna A., and Ekaterina A. Gordeychik. "WORLD-SYSTEM ASPECTS OF EDUCATIONAL INEQUALITY IN A PERIPHERIZED SOCIETY." In All-Russian Conference with International Participation "Education, Social Mobility, and Human Development: to the 90th Anniversary of Prof. L.G. Borisova". Novosibirsk State University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/978-5-4437-1383-0-151-161.
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The article is devoted to the analysis of the problems of inequality in modern education from the point of view of the world-system approach. The authors establish links between educational inequality and in- 153 equality of societies in the «core – semiperiphery – periphery» structure. The authors attempt to consider the mechanism of the formation of educational inequality in peripheral societies in which social contradictions are most clearly observed from the perspective of the world-system approach. The authors use the theoretical constructions of the world-system approach of I. Wallerstein, S. Amin, F. Cardozo, the ideas of the representatives of the world-system paradigm in comparative education of R.F. Arnove, T. Griffiths, and the concept of a closed circle of inequality in education by R. Flecha. The authors believe that changes in the education system of a society that is integrated into the world-system through the specialization of its economy correspond to those specific transformations that are caused in this society by the innovation spread by the global hegemon. The authors of the article show that the reform of the education system proceeds in the general direction of integrating society into the world system of the division of labor, when the elite forms priority consumption patterns in a peripheralized society (including patterns of knowledge and education), borrowing they from the countries of the core and the hegemon of the world system. The formation of priority patterns leads to the displacement of their own educational culture, the imitation of the masses of the elite and the uneven spread of the patterns. Since full compliance with the priority patterns is unattainable for the majority of the population, its imitations are spreading.
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Ahmed, Abdullah Anwar, Khalid Ameen Alzowkari, Tha'er Zeyad Allouh, Abdallah Saed Al Yafei, and Asan Gani Abdul Muthalif. "Standing Wheelchair with Built-in Climate Control System." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2021.0068.
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This project presents an innovation to be developed in wheelchairs used nowadays to provide its users with better life quality, elevates the level of their ambitions and to enable them to overcome today’s special needs obstacles in different fields. As engineers, it is our role to contribute to finding answers to the world’s dilemmas through applying a detailed analysis of the issue addressed and what are the possible solutions to it based on the knowledge obtained through our academic and experimental experience. Wheelchair users are suffering from discrimination in different aspects of life, such as work opportunities, usage of public facilities and many other life aspects. The standing wheelchair with built-in climate control system will introduce a new horizon for its users in the search of social equality and achievement. The mechanism to be developed is made of 4 different subsystems that demonstrate different mechanical engineering disciplines, which are mainly mechanical mechanisms, control systems, heat transfer, material science, thermodynamics, and mechanical statics-dynamics.
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Matić Klanjšček, Milena, and Dora Najrajter. "Neenaka obravnava pri delu in zaposlovanju v luči družbene odgovornosti podjetij v času epidemije." In Society’s Challenges for Organizational Opportunities: Conference Proceedings. University of Maribor Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/um.fov.3.2022.43.
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According to the law, the employer is obliged to ensure equal treatment of all, regardless of any personal circumstances. Discrimination is prohibited, but not all unequal treatment is discrimination. In practice, the implementation of the principle of equality requires measures stemming from the EU Equal Treatment Directive, which strengthens the position of disadvantaged groups and increases employment and career prospects. Today, corporate social responsibility is of great importance in achieving business and economic success. In addition to striving for profit, companies also include respect and equal treatment of all stakeholders. Social responsibility affects employee’s satisfaction, which is reflected in greater productivity and competitiveness. The paper substantiates companies' commitments to respect human rights, in particular the right to work and employment, it also analyses various aspects of unequal treatment between employees and jobseekers as fair treatment of the labour market is particularly important in pandemic times. The rights deriving from work are all the greater.
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Benlloch-Dualde, Jose V., and Sara Blanc. "eSGarden: a European initiative to incorporate ICT in schools." In CARPE Conference 2019: Horizon Europe and beyond. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/carpe2019.2019.10209.
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Knowledge transfer to the society is undoubtedly one of the main objectives of Universities. However, it is important that these advances reach the youngest, many of them, future university students. Having this in mind, a European project around how incorporating ICT in school gardens was proposed (SCHOOL GARDENS FOR FUTURE CITIZENS, 2018-1-ES01-KA201-050599). In this project, both universities and schools, belonging to five European countries, are collaborating with public and private organizations with social concerns, environmental responsibility and sustainability. School gardens is a broad topic that combine technological needs for managing and control with education in values of environmental sustainability, social inclusion and citizenship, transmission of tradition, and the promotion of digital culture in both girls and boys from the early school stages. These last aspects are aligned with some sustainable development targets (SDGs), such as ensuring healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages, inclusive and equitable quality education, gender equality or responsible consumption. A further challenge of the consortium is to extend the proposed approach to other schools throughout Europe with the same interests and impact, considering cultural diversity and climate differences.
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Semiz, Marina. "Komparativni osvrt na visoko obrazovanje tokom pandemije kovid-19." In Nauka, nastava, učenje u izmenjenom društvenom kontekstu. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Education in Uzice, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/nnu21.055s.
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The 2020 crisis caused by the global COVID-19 pandemic brought the current and emerging weaknesses of the education system in both developed countries and countries in transition to the surface. This paper focuses on a comparative overview of the sector of higher education, especially in terms of the possibilities for achieving equality of educational opportunity, mobility, quality of scientific research, and education quality in general. We conducted an analysis of available theoretical papers, empirical studies, and reports that focus on the impact of the pandemic on institutions of higher education, the process itself, and the results of online teaching/learning, research and internationalization of education. The results of the analysis indicate differentiated responses of institutions of higher education to the new situation and the changed social context with regard to all observed aspects. Previous studies and analyses should indicate directions for post-pandemic reactions of institutions of higher education, so they could adequately and flexibly respond to global crises and changes in the future.
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Lopez Mateu, Vicente, and Teresa Pellicer Armiñana. ""Design for All” in Architectural Heritage conservation: the technology challenge." In CARPE Conference 2019: Horizon Europe and beyond. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/carpe2019.2019.10565.
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Among the United Nations 2030 objectives for the sustainable development, stand out those who seek social, economic and cultural equality of people, within the framework of different human settlements, their cultural heritage and the natural environment. This idea raises the need to establish effective strategies, resources and tools aimed to balance the current conditions in most disadvantaged groups, such as people with disabilities. The situation is complicated because the barriers to integration and inclusivity are diverse, the initiatives, legislation and ways of acting are also very different. Therefore, overcoming the situation requires a broad multidisciplinary approach. On the other hand, Heritage resources can be a valuable mean for permanent and sustainable development, if there is a proper combination of different aspects: design, management and maintenance, continuous improvement and dissemination with inclusive criteria. One of the possibilities to afford that difficult task is to promote in the field of university education different activities such as information exchange, cross-cutting networks, research studies, experimental ICT tools development and adequate dissemination. This proposal is structured in this sense to arouse the interest and participation of teachers, students and researchers in these actions, establishing collaborative projects and work proposals.
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Camplone, Stefania, Giuseppe Di Bucchianico, and Stefano Picciani. "New Concepts for Brand Design in an Inclusive Society." In Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference. AHFE International, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100374.
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It is clear that the brand has become a construct more complex than a promise, an image or a sign of recognition. It has its own architecture which includes several critical elements and requires strategy and constant attention. Also the role of stakeholders, both internal and external to the brand, has changed in the creation, development and management of the brand itself. It is increasingly moving from a passive rapport to a real and vital relationship. In fact, engagement, collaboration, participation and co-creation, are the newest concepts that are increasingly defining the brand design in all its phases. In addition, the relationship between the introduction of these new concepts and some of the changes that are shaping contemporary society is very close. Indeed, since the contemporary society is primarily expressed through the diversity between individuals - both in terms of physical and psychological abilities and on the social and cultural level - it requires increasing attention and particular practices that ensure participation and social inclusion. The paper offers a consideration on the people’s participation in brand design. In particular, it recognizes and identifies two possible positions: 1) participation as a fundamental tool in the process of brand design, to create a transparent and shared brand; 2) participation as the ultimate goal of brand design project, in order to create place brands able to generate inclusion. Doing so, this paper seeks to outline for the two positions the contribution of the Design for All, which is the "design of human diversity, social inclusion and equality” describing the results of a research developed by “Inclusivo”, Spin Off of d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, as a concrete case to highlight the innovative aspects of Design for All in the activities of brand design.
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Tunçsiper, Bedriye, and Emine Fırat. "The Importance of R &D and Innovation in Development; The Case of South Korea." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c07.01606.
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The concept of development has been interpreted by different economic opinions within historical process. This has prevented the description of development concept in a single theoretical perspective or as a definitive statement.
Development, also being of a broad concept incorporating economic, social and cultural aspects here of, was evaluated very purely economic phenomenon until the 1970s. The development concept has been tried to measure with the national income per capita by many economists. After the 1970s, the level of development began to be considered with concept such as human capital, innovation, education, health and standard of living, overtly, equality and so on in addition to economic criteria and the concept is being assessed by human development level. There are many different ways for the development of a country. Recently, the urgency of research and development and innovation has been put forward and it appears that significance of the notions of learning, research, ingenuity and innovation has gone up for substantiation of the progress.
In this study, South Korea's R & D and innovation doings are judged and the value of innovation and research and development activities for evolution are underlined. Hereby, R & D and innovation projections conduced to the advancement and refinement of South Korea, sorendering efficacious and satisfactory use of sources possible.
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Abdullah, Yahya. "Judicial oversight of applications submitted to the administration is a reason for its development." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF DEFICIENCIES AND INFLATION ASPECTS IN LEGISLATION. University of Human Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/uhdicdial.pp191-212.
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"The administration performs a great task in the life of modern societies, through its intervention to satisfy public needs through the establishment and management of public utilities that aim to achieve the public interest and respond to the requirements and necessities of daily life, as well as protecting public order, and regulating the relationship between them and individuals with constitutional and legal texts, as well as The organizational rules that lay down the general framework for public liberties and individual rights, all to prevent them from practicing any activity outside the framework of legality. Originally, the administration is not obligated to issue its decisions in a specific form, as it is free to choose the external form of these decisions, unless the law requires it otherwise. This requires that the decision be embodied in an external form in order for individuals to know the will of the administration and to adjust their behavior according to its requirements. However, the implementation of this rule on its launch, may negatively affect the rights of individuals, because the administration may sometimes deliberately remain silent about deciding the requests submitted to it, or it may neglect at other times to respond to these requests. Existence of apparent decisions in an external legal form, meaning that the matter remains in the hands of the administration, if it wants it will respond to the requests of individuals, and if it wants to be silent, which constitutes a waste of their rights, a violation of the principle of equality, and confiscation of the right to litigation guaranteed by the constitution, it requires protection of individuals from the inconvenience of the administration And the abuse of their rights, and put an end to the neglect of employees and their indifference to the requests or grievances submitted to them, in addition to the fact that the requirements of the public interest require that the administrative staff exercise the powers entrusted to them by law at the present time. ( ) For these justifications, the legislator intervened in many countries, including France, Egypt, Lebanon and Iraq, to suppose that the administration had announced its will, even if it remained silent or silent about deciding on the request presented to it, and this resulted in an implicit administrative decision of rejection or approval. As a result of the large number of state intervention in the economic and social fields in recent times, it has led to the multiplicity and diversity of state agencies and institutions, and the public administration often does not provide its services to individuals except at the request of individuals. Therefore, it may be difficult for individuals to identify a competent administrative authority to submit their request to. to get those services. He makes a mistake and submits it to a non-competent administrative body. When this authority is silent and does not transfer the request to its competent authority, and the legal period granted to the administration to respond to their requests has passed, individuals resort to the judiciary, and submitting the request to the non-competent authority prevents the judiciary from accepting their claim, which wastes their rights and thus harms them. Therefore, the administrative judiciary in many countries has extended its control over this case to consider the application submitted to a non-competent administrative body as if it was submitted to its competent authority, given that the state is a single public legal person. Accordingly, the request submitted to any party starts from the legal period available to the administration to meet the requests of individuals and in its absence the implicit administrative decision of rejection or acceptance arises. Accordingly, we will study the jurisprudence of the French, Lebanese, Egyptian and Iraqi judiciary in this study. The importance of the study lies in the implications of the subject of requests submitted to the administration, the delay in their completion, the silence of the administration, and the consequent effects and exposure to the rights of individuals. And that it will show how to confront this silence, neglect and intransigence of the administration. The idea of implicit administrative decisions, resulting from the administration’s silence on the requests submitted to it, is an effective means, which makes the administration more positive and enables individuals to confront the administration’s silence, and prevents its intransigence, arbitrariness or neglect. The problem of the research is that can silence be an expression of the will? How do individuals protect themselves from the actions of the administration, and who guarantees its non-bias, arbitrariness and deviation? Does submitting the application to a non-competent body protect the rights of individuals? ? And the extent of judicial oversight on the authority of the administration.? And the extent of the compatibility and divergence of the positions of the administrative judiciary in France, Lebanon, Egypt and Iraq regarding this.? From the above in explaining the importance of the study and its problem, we can deduce the scope of the study, which is the study of judicial control over the requests submitted to the administration by taking an overview of the nature of the requests, their types and distinguishing them from others, and the position of each of the legislation, the judiciary and jurisprudence from it. The research consists of two sections, the first deals with the nature of the request and what is related to it, and the second is judicial control over the applications submitted to the administration, as follows"
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NAZARKULOVA, Nodira. "UZBEKISTAN-KOREA: ANALYSIS OF THE EVOLUTION OF WOMEN'S RIGHTS." In UZBEKISTAN-KOREA: CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS OF COOPERATION. OrientalConferences LTD, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ocl-01-20.
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The issue of women's rights has become a topic of focus in all societies striving for democracy today. International cooperation on gender relations and equality in them will have a positive effect on improving the social status of women and their free exercise of their rights, their place in public administration, science, economics and other areas. Uzbekistan and the Republic of Korea are two countries that have entered a new phase of economic, political, cultural and international cooperation in all areas. An important aspect of this cooperation is the role of Uzbek and Korean women in interstate cooperation. The following is a brief analysis of the historical roots of the current socio-political and economic situation of women in both countries.
Reports on the topic "Equality – Social aspects"
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DeJaeghere, Joan, Vu Dao, Bich-Hang Duong, and Phuong Luong. Inequalities in Learning in Vietnam: Teachers’ Beliefs About and Classroom Practices for Ethnic Minorities. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2021/061.
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Global and national education agendas are concerned with improving quality and equality of learning outcomes. This paper provides an analysis of the case of Vietnam, which is regarded as having high learning outcomes and less inequality in learning. But national data and international test outcomes may mask the hidden inequalities that exist between minoritized groups and majority (Kinh) students. Drawing on data from qualitative videos and interviews of secondary teachers across 10 provinces, we examine the role of teachers’ beliefs, curricular design and actions in the classroom (Gale et al., 2017). We show that teachers hold different beliefs and engage in curricular design – or the use of hegemonic curriculum and instructional practices that produce different learning outcomes for minoritized students compared to Kinh students. It suggests that policies need to focus on the social-cultural aspects of teaching in addition to the material and technical aspects.
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Saville, Alan, and Caroline Wickham-Jones, eds. Palaeolithic and Mesolithic Scotland : Scottish Archaeological Research Framework Panel Report. Society for Antiquaries of Scotland, June 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.06.2012.163.
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Why research Palaeolithic and Mesolithic Scotland? Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology sheds light on the first colonisation and subsequent early inhabitation of Scotland. It is a growing and exciting field where increasing Scottish evidence has been given wider significance in the context of European prehistory. It extends over a long period, which saw great changes, including substantial environmental transformations, and the impact of, and societal response to, climate change. The period as a whole provides the foundation for the human occupation of Scotland and is crucial for understanding prehistoric society, both for Scotland and across North-West Europe. Within the Palaeolithic and Mesolithic periods there are considerable opportunities for pioneering research. Individual projects can still have a substantial impact and there remain opportunities for pioneering discoveries including cemeteries, domestic and other structures, stratified sites, and for exploring the huge evidential potential of water-logged and underwater sites. Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology also stimulates and draws upon exciting multi-disciplinary collaborations. Panel Task and Remit The panel remit was to review critically the current state of knowledge and consider promising areas of future research into the earliest prehistory of Scotland. This was undertaken with a view to improved understanding of all aspects of the colonization and inhabitation of the country by peoples practising a wholly hunter-fisher-gatherer way of life prior to the advent of farming. In so doing, it was recognised as particularly important that both environmental data (including vegetation, fauna, sea level, and landscape work) and cultural change during this period be evaluated. The resultant report, outlines the different areas of research in which archaeologists interested in early prehistory work, and highlights the research topics to which they aspire. The report is structured by theme: history of investigation; reconstruction of the environment; the nature of the archaeological record; methodologies for recreating the past; and finally, the lifestyles of past people – the latter representing both a statement of current knowledge and the ultimate aim for archaeologists; the goal of all the former sections. The document is reinforced by material on-line which provides further detail and resources. The Palaeolithic and Mesolithic panel report of ScARF is intended as a resource to be utilised, built upon, and kept updated, hopefully by those it has helped inspire and inform as well as those who follow in their footsteps. Future Research The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarized under four key headings: Visibility: Due to the considerable length of time over which sites were formed, and the predominant mobility of the population, early prehistoric remains are to be found right across the landscape, although they often survive as ephemeral traces and in low densities. Therefore, all archaeological work should take into account the expectation of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic ScARF Panel Report iv encountering early prehistoric remains. This applies equally to both commercial and research archaeology, and to amateur activity which often makes the initial discovery. This should not be seen as an obstacle, but as a benefit, and not finding such remains should be cause for question. There is no doubt that important evidence of these periods remains unrecognised in private, public, and commercial collections and there is a strong need for backlog evaluation, proper curation and analysis. The inadequate representation of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic information in existing national and local databases must be addressed. Collaboration: Multi-disciplinary, collaborative, and cross- sector approaches must be encouraged – site prospection, prediction, recognition, and contextualisation are key areas to this end. Reconstructing past environments and their chronological frameworks, and exploring submerged and buried landscapes offer existing examples of fruitful, cross-disciplinary work. Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology has an important place within Quaternary science and the potential for deeply buried remains means that geoarchaeology should have a prominent role. Innovation: Research-led projects are currently making a substantial impact across all aspects of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology; a funding policy that acknowledges risk and promotes the innovation that these periods demand should be encouraged. The exploration of lesser known areas, work on different types of site, new approaches to artefacts, and the application of novel methodologies should all be promoted when engaging with the challenges of early prehistory. Tackling the ‘big questions’: Archaeologists should engage with the big questions of earliest prehistory in Scotland, including the colonisation of new land, how lifestyles in past societies were organized, the effects of and the responses to environmental change, and the transitions to new modes of life. This should be done through a holistic view of the available data, encompassing all the complexities of interpretation and developing competing and testable models. Scottish data can be used to address many of the currently topical research topics in archaeology, and will provide a springboard to a better understanding of early prehistoric life in Scotland and beyond.