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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Epigenetic regulator'

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Published: 11 March 2023

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1

Gocevski, Goran. "Interplay of Mye and Max with Epigenetic Regulator Bmi1." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=114264.

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The polycomb group protein Bmi1 is an epigenetic regulator essential for the proliferation of many types of cancers. By impeding the expression of the tumor suppressor p53, Bmi1 is able to prevent apoptosis and senescence. c-Myc, a prominent oncogene, cooperates with Bmi1 to stimulate cellular transformation and tumorigenesis. Further investigation of the basic biological interplay between Bmi1 and c-Myc is crucial for our understanding of their tumorigenic ability. In my project I demonstrated that c-Myc and Bmi1 directly interact with each other and form nuclear foci. Overexpression of Max,
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2

Almoflehi, Sakhar. "Cord Blood CD34+ Expansion Using Vitamin-C: An Epigenetic Regulator." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/41413.

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Vitamin-C (Vit-C) has been shown to modulate hematopoietic stem cells and leukemia stem cell frequency in-vivo. Herein, Vit-C analogue, L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate (AA2P), was investigated as a new potential HSC expansion agonist. Cord blood CD34+ cells were expanded in cultures with or without AA2P. AA2P induced a 2-fold increase in the expansion of stem and progenitor subsets including lymphoid-primed multi-potential progenitors (p<0.05, n=3) and functional colony forming progenitors. The functional properties of AA2P grafts was evaluated with a xenotransplant model. Superior platelet levels
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3

Lu, Yizhen. "Physical interation of parathyroid hormone-related protein with the epigenetic regulator Bmi1." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=96929.

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As a cause of malignancy-induced hypercalcemia, PTHrP (parathyroid hormone-related protein) plays an important role in cell growth and differentiation. This peptide is unique in that it not only acts through membrane receptors but also translocates directly to the nucleus. Studies have shown that the repression of target gene expression is achieved through chromatin modifications induced by the PcG complex. As a core protein of the PcG complex, Bmi1 functions as a transcriptional repressor for various genes involved in development and cell proliferation. Recent studies have indicated that the
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4

Lubitz, Sandra. "Analysis of an epigenetic regulator in mouse embryonic stem cell self-renewal and differentiation." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2006. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:14-1139479284063-94996.

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Mammals have two orthologs, Mll and Trx2, for the Drososphila protein Trithorax (TRX), which is the founding member of the trithorax group (TrxG) of epigenetic regulators. TrxG proteins are characterized by an evolutionary conserved SET domain. A major function of all SET domain- containing proteins is to modulate gene activity, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Apparently TRX, Mll and Trx2 are histone H3 lysine 4 specific methyltransferases. So far all evidence points to roles in expression of specific target genes. However, target genes and function of the epigenetic regul
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5

Lubitz, Sandra. "Analysis of an epigenetic regulator in mouse embryonic stem cell self-renewal and differentiation." Doctoral thesis, Technische Universität Dresden, 2005. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A24639.

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Mammals have two orthologs, Mll and Trx2, for the Drososphila protein Trithorax (TRX), which is the founding member of the trithorax group (TrxG) of epigenetic regulators. TrxG proteins are characterized by an evolutionary conserved SET domain. A major function of all SET domain- containing proteins is to modulate gene activity, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Apparently TRX, Mll and Trx2 are histone H3 lysine 4 specific methyltransferases. So far all evidence points to roles in expression of specific target genes. However, target genes and function of the epigenetic regul
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6

Grinat, Johanna. "The epigenetic regulator Mll1 is required for Wnt-driven intestinal tumorigenesis and cancer stemness." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/22192.

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Genetisch bedingte Veränderungen im Wnt-Signalweg sind in der Tumorigenese des Darms von zentraler Bedeutung. Mutationen des Wnt-Effektormoleküls β-Catenin in den adulten Stammzellen des Darmepithels führen zu unkontrollierter Proliferation und Expansion der Darmstammzellen und initiieren die Tumorentstehung. Auch in fortgeschrittenen Darmtumoren unterstützt die Wnt-Signalgebung maßgeblich das Tumorwachstum und den Erhalt von Tumorstammzellen. Nach erfolgreicher chemotherapeutischer Behandlung treten oftmals Tumorrezidive auf, für deren Entstehung therapieresistente Tumorstammzellen verantwort
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7

Punnia-Moorthy, Gayathiri. "Defining the functional roles of X-linked epigenetic regulator lysine demethylase 6A (KDM6A) in Melanoma." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/28897.

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Melanoma is an aggressive form of skin cancer and Australia has one of highest incidences of melanoma in the world. Current treatments for metastatic melanoma are plagued by the resistance melanomas develop against immunotherapies and targeted therapies. Lysine demethylases (KDMs) are epigenetic enzymes that remove methyl groups from the amino acid lysine (K) on histone proteins, which effects gene expression. One of these KDMs is KDM6A (an X-linked gene also known as UTX) that removes methyl groups from histone 3, lysine number 27 (H3K27me3) inducing activation of gene expression. KDM6A has b
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8

Grinat, Johanna [Verfasser]. "The epigenetic regulator Mll1 is required for Wnt-driven intestinal tumorigenesis and cancer stemness / Johanna Grinat." Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1223452255/34.

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9

Trippel, Franziska Katharina [Verfasser], and Roland [Akademischer Betreuer] Kappler. "The role of NFE2L2 mutations and the epigenetic regulator UHRF1 in hepatoblastoma / Franziska Katharina Trippel. Betreuer: Roland Kappler." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1096162644/34.

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10

Elangovan, Venkateswaran Ramamoorthi, Sara M. Camp, Gabriel T. Kelly, et al. "Endotoxin- and Mechanical Stress–Induced Epigenetic Changes in the Regulation of the Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase Promoter." UNIV CHICAGO PRESS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622492.

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Mechanical ventilation, a lifesaving intervention for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), also unfortunately contributes to excessive mechanical stress and impaired lung physiological and structural integrity. We have elsewhere established the pivotal role of increased nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) transcription and secretion as well as its direct binding to the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in the progression of this devastating syndrome; however, regulation of this critical gene in ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) is not well characterized. On the ba
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11

Borsari, Beatrice 1992. "Epigenetic regulation of the transcriptome." Doctoral thesis, TDX (Tesis Doctorals en Xarxa), 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/671429.

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We have monitored the transcriptome and the epigenome of human pre-B cells transdifferentiating into macrophages. Analysis of these data provides a general framework to understand the relationship between gene expression and chromatin. We have observed widespread uncoupling of gene expression and epigenetic features during transdifferentiation, with several genes characterized by unvaried chromatin state throughout the process, irrespective of changes in gene expression. Nevertheless, we report a strong association between transcription and chromatin marking of promoter regions at the time of
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12

Mondal, Tanmoy. "Epigenetic Regulation by Noncoding RNA." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Genomik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-160326.

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High throughput transcriptomic analyses have realized us with the fact that eukaryotic genome encodes thousands of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) with unknown function. In my thesis, I sought to address epigenetic regulation of transcription by ncRNA using the Kcnq1 imprinted cluster as a model system. Genomic imprinting is an epigenetic phenomenon whereby one of the parental alleles is silenced by epigenetic mechanism in a parent of origin-specific manner. A long ncRNA Kcnq1ot1 regulates imprinting of nearly 8 protein coding genes in the Kcnq1 imprinted cluster. Expression of Kcnq1ot1 is restricted
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13

Hellebrekers, Debby Maria Elisabeth Ida. "Epigenetic regulation of tumor angiogenesis." Maastricht : Maastricht : Universiteit Maastricht ; University Library, Universiteit Maastricht [host], 2006. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=5612.

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14

Johansson, Jennie. "Epigenetic Regulation of Mitochondrial DNA." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för fysik, kemi och biologi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-166684.

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This mini-review investigates and compiles the latest knowledge regarding epigenetic changes on the mammalian mitochondrial DNA and its proteins. Methylation of the DNA, acetylation of the proteins and silencing of genes by short non-coding RNAs are the main epigenetic changes known today to affect mitochondrial DNA, mostly leading to repression. Methylation mainly occurs at non-CpG sites in the main non-coding region called the D-loop, with methylation patterns being cell type specific. Acetylation of proteins are mainly controlled by the deacetylase SIRT3, with its function being correlated
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15

Kotzin, Megan D., and Megan D. Kotzin. "Epigenetic Regulation: A Literature Review." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625025.

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Epigenetic regulation describes the manner in which gene expression is modified without changes to the DNA sequence. It is a complex process that involves the interaction of many biological molecules. The three most well-characterized mechanisms of epigenetic regulation are DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNA activity. It is well established that environmental factors can regulate the activity of these mechanisms. This review specifically focuses on the manner by which physical activity and nutrition can alter gene expression through epigenetic regulation, proposing an e
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16

Hoekenga, Owen Andrew. "Epigenetic regulation of Pl-blotched /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9901242.

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17

Hong, Ted. "Alteration of Human Gene Regulatory Networks by Human Virus Transcriptional Regulators." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1593273403439508.

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18

Morikawa, Hiromasa. "Differential roles of epigenetic changes and Foxp3 expression in regulatory T cell-specific transcriptional regulation." Kyoto University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/180610.

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19

Sousa, Rute Inês Silva e. 1983. "The Epigenetic regulation of Drosophila telomeres." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/96908.

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Drosophila telomere maintenance depends on the transposition of three specialized retrotransposons – HeT-A, TART and TAHRE (HTT). Controlling the activation and silencing of these elements is crucial to maintain telomere length homeostasis without compromising genomic instability. In this thesis, I have identified the role of different chromosomal proteins involved in creating the correct chromatin environment to achieve telomere length homeostasis and stability. JIL-1, together with HP1a and Z4, act as a boundary at the telomere-subtelomere frontier. The interplay of these proteins leads to a
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20

Kobow, Katja. "Epigenetic gene regulation in focal epilepsies." kostenfrei, 2009. http://d-nb.info/999752243/34.

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21

Chan, Yvonne. "Epigenetic regulation of enos gene expression." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0012/MQ40769.pdf.

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22

Huang, Hsuan-Ting. "Epigenetic Regulation of Hematopoiesis in Zebrafish." Thesis, Harvard University, 2012. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10175.

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The initiation of the hematopoietic program is orchestrated by key transcription factors that recruit chromatin regulators in order to activate or inhibit blood target gene expression. To generate a complete compendium of chromatin factors that establish the genetic code during developmental hematopoiesis, we conducted a large-scale reverse genetic screen targeting 425 chromatin factors in zebrafish and identified over 30 novel chromatin regulators that function at distinct steps of embryonic hematopoiesis. In vertebrates, developmental hematopoiesis occurs in two waves. During the first and p
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23

Wiersma, Maaike. "Epigenetic regulation at MLL1 target genes." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2015. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5813/.

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The mixed-lineage leukaemia 1 protein is a histone methyl-transferase that deposits the gene activating H3K4 trimethyl mark, and is often mutated in leukaemia. MLL1 is normally associated with a cohort of cofactors, but the mechanisms regulating the histone methyl-transferase activity remain unclear. Here I examine the role of Msk1, a downstream kinase of the MAP-kinase pathway, in regulating MLL1 activity. Msk1 is known to deposit the H3S10 phosphorylation mark, which was found to stimulate MLL1’s methylation activity in vitro. Here I demonstrate that MLL1 and Msk1 can be immunoprecipitated a
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24

Hackett, Jamie Alexander. "Epigenetic regulation of germline-specific genes." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5931.

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In mammals, epigenetic modifications and trans-acting effectors coordinate gene expression during development and impose transcriptional memories that define specific cell lineages and cell-types. Methylation at CpG dinucleotides is an epigenetic mechanism through which transcriptional silencing is established and heritably maintained through development. Functionally, DNA methylation regulates key biological processes such as X-chromosome inactivation, transposon repression and genomic imprinting. However, the extent to which DNA methylation is the primary regulator of single-copy gene expres
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25

Scionti, Isabella. "Epigenetic Regulation of Skeletal Muscle Differentiation." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEN084/document.

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LSD1 et PHF2 sont des déméthylases de lysines capables de déméthyler à la fois les protéines histones qui influencent l’expression génique et les protéines non histones en affectant leurs activités ou stabilités. Des approches fonctionnelles d’inactivation de Lsd1 ou Phf2 chez la souris ont démontré l’implication de ces enzymes dans l'engagement des cellules progénitrices au cours de la différenciation. La myogenèse est l'un des exemples les mieux caractérisés sur la façon dont les cellules progénitrices se multiplient et se différencient pour former un organe fonctionnel. Elle est initiée par
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26

Mascheretti, Iride. "regolazione epigenetica del meccanismo autonomo di fioritura in mais (Zea mays)." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3424659.

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In the B73 maize temperate line, the autonomous flowering pathway controls flowering independently of external signals. In Arabidopsis, the epigenetic mechanisms have been demonstrated to play an important role in the control of floral transition. To understand whether, also in maize, the epigenetic mechanisms are important in the regulation of flowering, we have characterized mutants in epi-regulators that are components of the autonomous flowering pathway. Moreover, we have analyzed mutants in a key regulator of floral transition, for which a role in epigenetic mechanisms has been speculated
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27

Huang, Chieh-Ting. "Epigenetic involvement of GluR2 regulation in Epileptogenesis." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=106297.

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Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders characterized by recurrent seizures. Currently, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood and therapies only serve to relieve the symptoms. A single episode of seizure can trigger epileptogenesis, a process in which the brain undergoes network reorganization including neurodegeneration and sprouting of axons. The mechanisms linking the first seizure to development of epilepsy are currently unknown. Interestingly, changes in neuronal circuitry in epilepsy are accompanied by chronic alterations in the normal brain gene expression
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28

Zhang, Le, and 张乐. "Epigenetic regulation in laminopathy-based premature aging." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46337672.

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29

Atkinson, Stuart P. "Epigenetic regulation of the telomerase gene promoters." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2006. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4035/.

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Epigenetic mechanisms have been implicated in the regulation of telomerase gene expression and here we show that specific modifications within the chromatin environment of the hTR and hTERT promoters correlate with expression of hTR and hTERT in ALT, normal and telomerase-positive tumour cell lines. Lack of expression of hTR and hTERT is associated with repressive histone modification, while, hTR and hTERT expression is associated permissive histone modifications. Methylation of lysine 20 H4 was not linked to gene expression but instead was specific to the hTR and hTERT promoters of ALT cells
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30

Rosselló, Tortella Margalida. "Epigenetic Regulation of tRNA Biology in Cancer." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/673026.

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Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) are essential molecules that allow the translation of the genetic code into amino acids. Extensive research during the last 50 years have revealed that, despite their apparently simple structure and function, tRNAs are more than simple adaptors in protein synthesis –they are of high importance in normal cell functions. Reinforcing this, tRNA levels are tightly regulated to match the codon usage patterns of a given cell type or cellular status to meet the cellular specific needs and adapt to stress. Moreover, tRNA nucleoside modifications are critical for their function at
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31

Sun, Bin. "Epigenetic regulation of postnatal subventricular zone development." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e9ee95c1-b6cb-43c5-aef8-780e3fd50422.

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The postnatal/adult subventricular zone (SVZ) harbours neural stem cells (NSC), which produce neurons that migrate to the olfactory bulbs. SVZ NSC share several biological features with glia, especially reactive astrocytes. However, it is not clear how SVZ NSC simultaneously maintain self-renewal stem cell properties and the potential for generating daughter cells that differentiate into neurons. Multiple cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKIs), including p16, p19 and p21 have been identified as indispensable for maintaining stem cell potential, in both cyclin dependent and independent mann
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32

Zhang, Qunshu. "Epigenetic Regulation of Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2015. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/27614.

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Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) is the catalytic subunit of the polycomb repressive complex 2 and suppresses gene expression by catalyzing histone H3 methylation on lysine 27. EZH2 is overexpressed in metastatic prostate cancer and has been shown to promote cell proliferation and metastasis. Here we show that EZH2 also suppresses prostate cancer apoptosis by coordinating the epigenetic silencing of two pro-apoptotic microRNAs, miR-205 and miR-31. We previously reported that miR-205 is silenced in prostate cancer through promoter methylation. In this study, we found that EZH2 suppresse
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33

Maleszewska, Marta. "Epigenetic regulation of haematopoietic stem cell differentiation." Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA077097.

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Le rôle des événements épigénétiques dans le maintien de la multipotentialité et la détermination cellulaire des cellules souches hématopoïétiques (CSH) reste mal connu. L'objet de ma thèse a été de définir les éléments épigénétiques qui sous-tendent la multipotentialité des CSH. Les modifications des histones, la méthylation de l'ADN et la localisation sub-nucléaire de loci spécifiques des lignées hématopoïétiques ont été étudiées dans les CSH CD34+CD381o et dans des précurseurs hématopoïétiques. Nous montrons que dans les CSH les gènes hématopoïétiques ont une structure chromatinienne partic
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Pliuskys, Laurynas. "Epigenetic regulation of the myeloid cell lineage." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f4ee6659-ce0b-4730-ae5b-95c141f82e10.

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The myeloid cell lineage is a fundamental element of the immune system and it can give rise to a diverse set of terminally differentiated cells, such as macrophages or osteoclasts among many others. Mutations or misregulation of gene expression may lead to severe clinical conditions, such as arthritis, osteoporosis or cancers. Epigenetics, the regulation of gene expression and chromatin remodelling, is implicated in cell differentiation, function and disease, and hence it is a promising new area to explore in order to explain underlying cellular mechanisms. Firstly, human macrophage subtypes w
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Corbett, Laura. "Morphogen and epigenetic regulation of wound healing." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/2935.

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Events during wound repair are reminiscent of developmental events such as cell migration, redifferentiation and proliferation. Factors controlling these processes in the early embryo may therefore be important regulators in adult wound healing. Fibrosis is a disease of dysregulated wound healing with fibroproliferative disorders accounting for 45% of deaths in developed nations. Despite this, effective antifibrotic therapy is limited. Understanding factors regulating wound repair process will aid identification of potential therapeutic targets. This project first explored how activation of de
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Wu, Hao. "Epigenetic regulation of neural stem cell differentiation." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1835827841&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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37

Albadrani, Ghadeer Mohsen. "Epigenetic regulation of Ewing's sarcoma stem cells." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/20321/.

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Emerging evidence suggests that cancer stem-like (CS-like) cells are responsible for cancer progression and relapse. The identification and characterisation of CS-like cells is therefore important to reveal potential targets that could be used to design more effective personalised treatment to improve outcomes. The cell surface marker prominin-1 (CD133) has been used to identify Ewing sarcoma (ES) CS-like cells (ES-CS-like), however some primary ES cells are devoid of CD133 and may be down-regulated by the microenvironment in cell culture. Therefore, alternative approaches are required to iden
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Islam, Abul 1978. "Delineating epigenetic regulatory mechanisms of cell profileration and differentiation." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/85721.

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Recent advances in high throughput technology have opened the door to systematic studies of epigenetic mechanisms. One of the key components in the regulation of the cell cycle and differentiation is the retinoblastoma protein (pRB), a component of the RB/E2F tumor suppressor pathway that is frequently deregulated in cancer. The RBP2/KDM5A histone demethylase was shown to interact with pRB and regulate pRB function during differentiation. However, how precisely differentiation is coupled with halted cell cycle progression and whether an epigenetic mechanism is involved remain unknown. In the p
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Jubierre, Zapater Luz. "Epigenetic regulators in neuroblastoma: BRG1, a future therapeutic target." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/457983.

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El Neuroblastoma (NB) es un cáncer derivado del sistema nervioso simpático, y es el tumor sólido más común en los niños de cero a dos años. Los NB son muy heterogéneos, tienen un curso clínico que puede variar desde la regresión espontánea hasta la resistencia a toda forma de tratamiento existente. Los pacientes de alto riesgo necesitan altas dosis de quimioterapia y pese a ello solo el 30-40% se curan. Los tumores recidivantes o metastáticos adquieren resistencia a las terapias, poniendo de manifiesto la necesidad del desarrollo de nuevos tratamientos. Debido a los diversos mecanismos respons
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BASON, RAMONA. "EPIGENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF TUMOR INFILTRATING CD4+ T REGULATORY CELLS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/917092.

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In recent years, the role of CD4+ regulatory T cells (Treg cells) in inhibiting the anti cancer activity of effector T cells has become increasingly evident and they are therefore currently considered promising targets for cancer immunotherapy. Despite Treg cell depletion has been reported to increase anti-tumor specific immune responses and to reduce tumor burden, some relevant issues still remain to be addressed, for a safer, more effective clinical application of these therapies. Previous findings in our lab identified unique transcriptional profiles of human Treg cells infiltrating colore
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Bergström, Rosita. "Epigenetic Regulation of Replication Timing and Signal Transduction." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Molekylär cellbiologi, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-8413.

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Upon fertilization the paternal and maternal genomes unite, giving rise to the embryo, with its unique genetic code. All cells in the human body are derived from the fertilized ovum: hence they all contain (with a few exceptions) the same genetic composition. However, by selective processes, genes are turned on and off in an adaptable, and cell type-specific, manner. The aim of this thesis is to investigate how signals coming from outside the cell and epigenetic factors residing in the cell nucleus, cooperate to control gene expression. The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily cons
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Orcutt, Timothy Michael. "Dissecting the epigenetic regulation of V[beta] recombination." NCSU, 2007. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07232007-100353/.

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V(D)J recombination in developing lymphocytes is essential for producing a diverse repertoire of antigen receptors (TCR and Ig). During recombination, the proteins encoded by the recombinase activating genes (RAG1 and RAG2) bind specific DNA sequences flanking individual V, D, and J coding segments within each antigen receptor gene, and introduce double strand DNA breaks at the coding sequence/targeting sequence boundaries. These double strand breaks are then repaired by ubiquitous DNA repair machinery to generate novel coding segment joints. The ability of each developing lymphocyte to indepe
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Bergström, Rosita. "Epigenetic regulation of replication timing and signal transduction /." Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-8413.

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Tan, E.-Jean. "Transcriptional and Epigenetic Regulation of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Ludwiginstitutet för cancerforskning, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-206120.

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The transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) is a cytokine that regulates a plethora of cellular processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, migration and apoptosis. TGFβ signals via serine/threonine kinase receptors and activates the Smads to regulate gene expression. Enigmatically, TGFβ has a dichotomous role as a tumor suppressor and a tumor promoter in cancer. At early stages of tumorigenesis, TGFβ acts as a tumor suppressor by exerting growth inhibitory effects and inducing apoptosis. However, at advanced stages, TGFβ contributes to tumor malignancy by promoting invasion and meta
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45

McEwen, Kirsten Rose. "Epigenetic regulation of imprinted loci in the mouse." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609297.

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46

Bruton, Peter Christopher. "Epigenetic regulation of heterochromatin structure and tumour progression." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/33232.

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Since the discovery of DNA packaging into chromatin, and McClintock's (1951) work on position-effect variegation providing evidence of non-mendelian inheritance, the principal of a genome maintaining 'on' and 'off' states has been widely adopted. However, the underlying mechanisms that regulate these dynamic chromatin states and their effect on disease are still poorly understood. DNA methylation and histone trimethylation at H3K9 and H4K20 are the core hallmarks of the heterochromatic constitutively 'off' state. Constitutive heterochromatin is predominantly comprised of repetitive satellite c
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47

Amar, Sabrina. "Histone modification and its role in epigenetic regulation." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.516863.

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The development of genome-wide histone modification mapping technologies has provided a significant body of evidence implicating histone modifications in gene regulation, cell specialisation and differentiation processes. Monomethylation of lysine 4 of histone H3 (H3K4Mel) and the presence of the histone variant H2A.Z have previously been shown as a feature of enhancers, defined simply as points enriched in the HAT p300, but it was unclear whether these potential enhancers were linked to inactive, active or poised genes or whether developmental changes were reflected in the occupancy of H3K4Me
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48

Addicks, Gregory Charles. "Epigenetic Regulation of Muscle Stem and Progenitor Cells." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37112.

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Epigenetic mechanisms are of fundamental importance for resolving and maintaining cellular identity. The mechanisms regulating muscle stem and progenitor cell identity have ramifications for understanding all aspects of myogenesis. The epigenetic mechanisms regulating muscle stem cells are therefore important aspects for understanding the regulation of muscle regeneration and maintenance. Important roles for the trithorax H3K4 histone methyltransferase (HMT) MLL1 have been established for early embryogenesis, and for hematopoietic and neural identity. Here, using a conditional Mll1 knockout
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SIDDIQUI, HASAN. "RB-MEDIATED REGULATION OF TRANSCRIPTION AND EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1148053497.

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50

Singh, Rajbir. "Histone Isoforms: From Epigenetic Regulation To Cancer Screening." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1384430389.

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