Relevant bibliographies by topics / Epidemiology – Methodology

Academic literature on the topic 'Epidemiology – Methodology'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Epidemiology – Methodology"

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YAMANE, Itsuro. "Methodology of Economical Epidemiology." Journal of Veterinary Epidemiology 2, no. 1 (1998): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2743/jve.2.5.

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Knottnerus, J. André, and Peter Tugwell. "Ethics of research methodology requires a methodology of research ethics." Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 100 (August 2018): v—vi. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2018.07.001.

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Leite, Maria Léa Corrêa. "Applying compositional data methodology to nutritional epidemiology." Statistical Methods in Medical Research 25, no. 6 (September 30, 2016): 3057–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0962280214560047.

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The purpose of epidemiological studies of nutrition and disease is to investigate the effects of specific dietary components regardless of total energy intake, but this is sometimes hampered by the compositional nature of dietary data. Compositional data are those that measure parts of a whole, such as percentages or proportions, and particular methodologies have been developed to allow their statistical analysis and theoretical and practical applications in various sciences. This paper describes the use of a compositional data perspective for statistical analyses in the field of nutritional epidemiology. The approach is based on isometric log-ratio transformation and has been previously proposed for the construction of regression models using compositional explanatory variables. The new isometric log-ratio variables allow full inferences about each element of dietary composition and adjustment by total energy intake. Using data from an Italian population-based study, logistic regression models were fitted to evaluate the effects of the intake of macronutrients (proteins, fats and carbohydrates) on the odds of having metabolic syndrome in middle-aged subjects.
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Bhuyan, Dhrubajyoti, Neha Dua, and Tejal Kothari. "Epidemiology and biostatistics: fundamentals of research methodology." Open Journal of Psychiatry & Allied Sciences 7, no. 1 (2016): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2394-2061.2015.00022.1.

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Straus, Sharon E., and Sasha Shepperd. "Challenges in guideline methodology." Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 64, no. 4 (April 2011): 347–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2011.01.003.

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LUNDE, P. K. M., and I. BAKSAAS. "Epidemiology of Drug Utilization-Basic Concepts and Methodology." Acta Medica Scandinavica 222, S721 (April 24, 2009): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0954-6820.1987.tb05371.x.

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Wang, Xiaobin, Barry Zuckerman, Gary Kaufman, Paul Wise, Maria Hill, Tianhua Niu, Louise Ryan, Di Wu, and Xiping Xu. "Molecular epidemiology of preterm delivery: methodology and challenges." Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology 15, s2 (July 2001): 63–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3016.2001.00009.x.

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Moses, Allen J. "Scientific Methodology in Temporomandibular Disorders. Part I: Epidemiology." CRANIO® 12, no. 2 (April 1994): 114–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08869634.1994.11678004.

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Dunn, Kate M., Kelvin Jordan, Peter R. Croft, and W. J. J. Assendelft. "Systematic Review of Sexual Problems: Epidemiology and Methodology." Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy 28, no. 5 (October 2002): 399–422. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00926230290001529.

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Beghi, E. "Methodology of studies on the epidemiology of headache." Neurological Sciences 25, S3 (October 2004): s70—s73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10072-004-0256-x.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Epidemiology – Methodology"

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Kelsall, Julia E. "Kernel smoothing methodology for application in environmental epidemiology." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.306910.

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Cameron, Mary. "Culturally Safe Epidemiology: Methodology at the Interface of Indigenous and Scientific Knowledge." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20210.

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Since the early 20th Century, epidemiological research has brought benefits and burdens to Aboriginal communities in Canada. Many First Nations, Métis, and Inuit continue to view Western research with distrust; quantitative study methods are perceived as especially inconsistent with indigenous ways of knowing. There is increasing recognition, however, that rigorous epidemiological research can produce evidence that draws attention, and potentially resources, to pressing health issues in Aboriginal communities. The thesis begins by introducing a framework for culturally safe epidemiology, from the identification of research priorities, through fieldwork and analysis, to communication and use of evidence. Drawing on a sexual health research initiative with Inuit in Ottawa as a case study, the thesis examines cognitive mapping as a promising culturally safe method to reviewing indigenous knowledge. Juxtaposing this approach with a systematic review of the literature, the standard protocol to reviewing Western scientific knowledge, the thesis demonstrates the potential for cognitive mapping to identify culturally safe spaces in epidemiological research where neither scientific validity nor cultural integrity is compromised. Modern epidemiology and indigenous knowledge are not inherently discordant; many public health opportunities arise at this interface and good science must begin here too.
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Veneziano, Donaldo Botelho [UNESP]. "Estudo do perfil epidemiológico do melanoma cutâneo na cidade de Jaú-SP através do registro de base populacional." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/108855.

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Introdução: O melanoma cutâneo é o mais agressivo dos cânceres de pele. Sua incidência vem aumentando em todo o mundo e vários fatores têm sido atribuídos a este aumento. Estudos sobre o melanoma cutâneo com base em dados de registros populacionais são escassos no Brasil. Objetivos: Descrever os coeficientes de incidência (1996-2011) por melanoma cutâneo na cidade de Jaú, segundo: sexo, ano de diagnóstico, faixa etária, localização anatômica, estadio e tipo histológico. Descrever os coeficientes de mortalidade (1996-2011) por melanoma cutâneo na cidade de Jaú, segundo: sexo, ano do óbito e faixa etária. Analisar a tendência dos coeficientes de incidência (1996-2011), segundo: ano de diagnóstico, sexo e estadio. Analisar a tendência dos coeficientes de mortalidade (1996-2011) por melanoma cutâneo na cidade de Jaú, segundo: ano do óbito e sexo. Métodos: Foram analisados 162 casos novos de melanoma cutâneo diagnosticados no período de 1996 a 2011 fornecidos pelo Registro de Câncer de Base Populacional de Jahu e 39 óbitos por melanoma cutâneo ocorridos entre 1996 e 2011 fornecidos pelo Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade do Ministério da Saúde (SIM-MS). Foram calculados os coeficientes bruto e padronizado de incidência e de mortalidade, foi analisada a tendência destes coeficientes através do modelo de regressão. Resultados: O coeficiente médio de incidência (1996-2011) para o sexo feminino foi de 5,1 por 100.000 e para o sexo masculino foi de 4,8 por 100.000. Ambos não apresentaram tendência de crescimento ou queda no período (estabilidade). O coeficiente médio de mortalidade (1996-2011) para o sexo feminino foi de 1,4 por 100.000 e para o sexo masculino foi de 2,2 por 100.000, ambos também não apresentaram tendência de crescimento ou queda. Os coeficientes de incidência para os casos diagnosticados na fase inicial da doença, estadio 0, apresentaram tendencia de crescimento (r2=0,73; ...
Introduction: The cutaneous melanoma is the most aggressive of the skin cancers. Its incidence is increasing all over the world and many factors are being assigned to this increase. Studies on cutaneous melanoma based on population-based registries are scarce in Brazil. Objectives: Describe the incidence rates (1996-2011) by cutaneous melanoma in the city of Jaú, according: sex, year of the diagnosis, age, anatomic location, stage and histological type. Describe the mortality coefficients (1996-2011) by cutaneous melanoma in the city of Jaú, according: sex, year of death and age. Analyze the tendency of the incidence coefficients (1996-2011), according: year of diagnosis, sex and stage. Analyze the tendency of the mortality coefficients (1996-2011) by cutaneous melanoma in the city of Jaú, according: year of death and sex. Methods: 162 new cases of cutaneous melanoma diagnosed in the period from 1996 to 2011 were analyzed and they were provided by the Population-Based Cancer Registry of Jaú and 39 deaths by cutaneous melanoma occurred between 1996 and 2011 provided by the Mortality Information System of the Ministry of Health (SIM-MS). The crude and the standardized coefficients of incidence and mortality were calculated, the tendency of those coefficients were analyzed through the regression model. Results: The average incidence coefficient (1996-2011) for the feminine sex was 5.1 from 100,000 and for the masculine sex was 4.8 from 100,000. Both didn’t present tendency of increasing or decreasing in the period (stability). The average mortality coefficient (1996-2011) for the feminine sex was 1.4 from 100,000 and for the masculine sex was 2.2 from 100,000, both also didn’t present tendency of increasing or decreasing. The incidence coefficients for the cases diagnosed in the initial phase of the disease, stage 0, presented growing tendency (r2=0.73; p=0.03) and the cases of stage I and II, presented decreasing tendency (r2=0.98; ...
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Veneziano, Donaldo Botelho. "Estudo do perfil epidemiológico do melanoma cutâneo na cidade de Jaú-SP através do registro de base populacional /." Botucatu, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/108855.

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Orientador: Ana Gabriela Sálvio
Banca: Luciana Patrícia Abbade
Banca: Luiz Augusto Marcondes Fonseca
Resumo: Introdução: O melanoma cutâneo é o mais agressivo dos cânceres de pele. Sua incidência vem aumentando em todo o mundo e vários fatores têm sido atribuídos a este aumento. Estudos sobre o melanoma cutâneo com base em dados de registros populacionais são escassos no Brasil. Objetivos: Descrever os coeficientes de incidência (1996-2011) por melanoma cutâneo na cidade de Jaú, segundo: sexo, ano de diagnóstico, faixa etária, localização anatômica, estadio e tipo histológico. Descrever os coeficientes de mortalidade (1996-2011) por melanoma cutâneo na cidade de Jaú, segundo: sexo, ano do óbito e faixa etária. Analisar a tendência dos coeficientes de incidência (1996-2011), segundo: ano de diagnóstico, sexo e estadio. Analisar a tendência dos coeficientes de mortalidade (1996-2011) por melanoma cutâneo na cidade de Jaú, segundo: ano do óbito e sexo. Métodos: Foram analisados 162 casos novos de melanoma cutâneo diagnosticados no período de 1996 a 2011 fornecidos pelo Registro de Câncer de Base Populacional de Jahu e 39 óbitos por melanoma cutâneo ocorridos entre 1996 e 2011 fornecidos pelo Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade do Ministério da Saúde (SIM-MS). Foram calculados os coeficientes bruto e padronizado de incidência e de mortalidade, foi analisada a tendência destes coeficientes através do modelo de regressão. Resultados: O coeficiente médio de incidência (1996-2011) para o sexo feminino foi de 5,1 por 100.000 e para o sexo masculino foi de 4,8 por 100.000. Ambos não apresentaram tendência de crescimento ou queda no período (estabilidade). O coeficiente médio de mortalidade (1996-2011) para o sexo feminino foi de 1,4 por 100.000 e para o sexo masculino foi de 2,2 por 100.000, ambos também não apresentaram tendência de crescimento ou queda. Os coeficientes de incidência para os casos diagnosticados na fase inicial da doença, estadio 0, apresentaram tendencia de crescimento (r2=0,73; ...
Abstract: Introduction: The cutaneous melanoma is the most aggressive of the skin cancers. Its incidence is increasing all over the world and many factors are being assigned to this increase. Studies on cutaneous melanoma based on population-based registries are scarce in Brazil. Objectives: Describe the incidence rates (1996-2011) by cutaneous melanoma in the city of Jaú, according: sex, year of the diagnosis, age, anatomic location, stage and histological type. Describe the mortality coefficients (1996-2011) by cutaneous melanoma in the city of Jaú, according: sex, year of death and age. Analyze the tendency of the incidence coefficients (1996-2011), according: year of diagnosis, sex and stage. Analyze the tendency of the mortality coefficients (1996-2011) by cutaneous melanoma in the city of Jaú, according: year of death and sex. Methods: 162 new cases of cutaneous melanoma diagnosed in the period from 1996 to 2011 were analyzed and they were provided by the Population-Based Cancer Registry of Jaú and 39 deaths by cutaneous melanoma occurred between 1996 and 2011 provided by the Mortality Information System of the Ministry of Health (SIM-MS). The crude and the standardized coefficients of incidence and mortality were calculated, the tendency of those coefficients were analyzed through the regression model. Results: The average incidence coefficient (1996-2011) for the feminine sex was 5.1 from 100,000 and for the masculine sex was 4.8 from 100,000. Both didn't present tendency of increasing or decreasing in the period (stability). The average mortality coefficient (1996-2011) for the feminine sex was 1.4 from 100,000 and for the masculine sex was 2.2 from 100,000, both also didn't present tendency of increasing or decreasing. The incidence coefficients for the cases diagnosed in the initial phase of the disease, stage 0, presented growing tendency (r2=0.73; p=0.03) and the cases of stage I and II, presented decreasing tendency (r2=0.98; ...
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Sánchez, Niubó Albert. "Development of Statistical Methodology to Study the Incidence of Drug Use." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/131161.

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This work aims to contribute methodologically in the epidemiology of drug use, particularly estimation of incidence. No incidence figures of drug use in Spain had ever been published, prior to those appearing in these articles, and relatively little has been published for other countries. Since around 2000, the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA), which is an agency of the European Union, has been making a concerted effort to promote the determination and publication of drug use incidence figures, given their great importance in designing prevention policies. The approaches used and results obtained by our research have been presented in three EMCDDA meetings (years 2007, 2008 and 2012), at a monographic meeting on incidence promoted by the Norwegian Institute for Alcohol and Drug Research (SIRUS) in 2009, and in the framework of a European project on new methodological tools for policy and programme evaluation (JUST/2010/DPIP/AG/1410) which ran from 2010 to 2012. This work therefore contributes not only by presenting drug use incidence results for Spain, but also by describing the development of methods and sharing ideas that may be adapted for use in other countries.
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Wang, Bingxia. "Estimation of Standardized Mortality Ratio in Epidemiological Studies." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2002. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/WangB2002.pdf.

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Knoll, Megan. "Survey methodology and prevalence estimates from the SPAACE (surveying the prevalence of food allergy in all Canadian environments) study." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=107868.

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Introduction: Low income, less educated and immigrant populations are notorious for having low response rates in research studies. Therefore, it is not surprising that when attempting to estimate food allergy prevalence in Canada, the SCAAALAR study (Surveying Canadians to Assess the Prevalence of Common food Allergies and Attitudes towards food LAbeling and Risk), which attained a response rate of only 34.6% , underrepresented several vulnerable populations (those of low socioeconomic status, non post-secondary graduates, new Canadians, residents of the territories and Aboriginals).Objective: The objective of this thesis is two fold: 1) to determine an effective methodology for obtaining high response rates in the vulnerable populations not adequately represented in SCAAALAR and 2) to attain food allergy prevalence estimates for these vulnerable populations.Methods: To increase response rates and adequately sample the desired populations, a pilot study was conducted to evaluate the effect of unconditional incentives in vulnerable populations for a telephone survey. Households in low income/high immigrant postal codes were randomly selected and randomly assigned to receive either an unconditional incentive or no incentive. The difference in response rate and 95% confidence interval was calculated using a normal approximation to the difference of two binomial distributions. The pilot study informed the methodology employed in the SPAACE study (Surveying the8Prevalence of Food Allergy in All Canadian Environments), which subsequently addressed the second objective of this Thesis. SPAACE then estimated the prevalence of food allergy for those of low socioeconomic status, non post-secondary graduates, new Canadians, residents of the territories and Aboriginals. Prevalence estimates among vulnerable populations were compared to their comparator populations (i.e., those of high socioeconomic status, post-secondary graduates, individuals born in Canada, residents of the provinces and non-Aboriginals); between population differences and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using normal approximations to the difference of two binomial distributions.Results: The response rates were 38.4% and 31.4% for the incentive and non-incentive groups respectively, with a between group difference of 0.070 (-0.013, 0.15). The cooperation rates, which exclude non-contacts from the calculation, were 47.3% and 40.0% for the incentive and non-incentive group respectively, with a between group difference of 0.073 (-0.023, 0.17). Prevalence estimates for those of low socioeconomic status, new Canadians and Aboriginals were lower than their comparator population's prevalence (between population differences respectively: -2.44% (95% CI: -3.52%, -1.35%); -2.66% (95% CI: -3.5%, -1.82%); -2.17% (95% CI: -3.18%, -1.16%)) .Discussion: Although wide confidence intervals preclude definitive conclusions, our results suggest that unconditional incentives are an effective means of9increasing response rates in vulnerable populations for telephone surveys. Additionally, the results of SPAACE demonstrate that socioeconomic status, birthplace and ethnicity are associated with the prevalence of food allergy. These findings are indicative of potential lifestyle, cultural, and genetic factors that may influence the development of food allergy.
Introduction : Les populations immigrantes, moins nanties and moins éduquées sont reconnues comme ayant des taux de réponses peu élevés lors d'études. Il est alors peu surprenant de constater que l'étude SCAAALAR (Surveying Canadians to Assess the Prevalence of Common food Allergies and Attitudes towards food LAbeling and Risk), qui a atteint un taux de réponse de seulement de 34.6%, ait sous-représenté plusieurs groupes de la population (ceux de statut socioéconomique moins élevé, de non-gradués postsecondaire, de nouveaux arrivants au Canada, de résidents des territoires et des amérindiens). Objectif : L'objectif de cette thèse est en deux parties : 1) déterminer une méthodologie efficace pour obtenir un haut taux de réponse au sein des populations vulnérables mal-représentées avec SCAAALAR et 2) obtenir des estimés de prévalences d'allergies alimentaires pour ces populations vulnérables. Méthodologie : Pour améliorer les taux de réponse et de sonder adéquatement les populations désirées, une étude pilote a été réalisée pour évaluer les effets des incitatifs inconditionnels sur les populations vulnérables lors d'un sondage téléphonique. Les ménages situés dans les codes postaux à faibles revenus et à haute présence d'immigrants ont été sélectionnés et assignés de manière aléatoire à recevoir un incitatif inconditionnel ou à ne pas en recevoir. La différence du taux de réponse et de l'intervalle de confiance à 95% a été calculé en utilisant une approximation normale jusqu'à 2 distribution binômes. L'étude pilote a informé la11méthodologie employée dans l'étude SPAACE (Surveying the Prevalence of Food Allergy in All Canadian Environments), qui a par la suite adressé le deuxième objectif de cette thèse. SPAACE a ensuite estimé la prévalence d'allergies alimentaires pour les populations non graduées d'études postsecondaire, les immigrants, les résidents des territoires et des amérindiens. Les estimés de prévalences au sein des populations vulnérables ont été comparés à leurs populations comparatives (i.e., celles de statut socioéconomique plus élevé, les gradués postsecondaire, les canadiens nés au pays, les résidents des provinces et des non-Amérindiens); les différences entre populations et les intervalles à 95% de confiance ont été calculés en utilisant des estimés normaux de différences entre 2 distributions binômes.Résultats : Les taux de réponse ont atteint 38.4% et 31.4% pour les groupes avec et sans incitatifs, respectivement, avec une différence entre groupes de 0.070 (-0.013, 0.15). Les taux de coopération, ce qui exclu les non-contacts des calculs, ont été de 47.3% et 40.0% pour les groupes avec et sans incitatifs, respectivement, avec une différence entre groupes de 0.073 (-0.023, 0.17). Les estimés de prévalences pour les populations de statut socioéconomique moins élevé, les immigrants, et les amérindiens étaient moins élevés que les prévalences de leurs populations comparatives (différences entre populations, respectivement : -2.44% (95% CI : -3.52%, -1.35%); -2.66% (95% CI : -3.5%, -1.82%); -2.17% (95% CI : -3.18%, -1.16%)).12 Discussion : Bien que de larges intervalles de confiance excluent des conclusions définitives, nos résultats suggèrent que des incitatifs inconditionnels sont une manière efficace d'augmenter le taux de réponse lors de sondages téléphoniques auprès des populations vulnérables. De plus, les résultats de SPAACE démontrent que le statut socioéconomique, le lieu de naissance et l'ethnie sont associés à la prévalence des allergies alimentaires. Ces découvertes indiquent que des facteurs culturels, génétiques et des habitudes de vie peuvent influencer le développement des allergies alimentaires.
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Perich, Brad Christian. "Angiostrongylus cantonensis: Epidemiologic Review, Location-Specific Habitat Modelling, and Surveillance in Hillsborough County, Florida, U.S.A." Scholar Commons, 2018. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7216.

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Angiostrongylus cantonensis is a parasitic nematode endemic to tropical and subtropical regions and is the leading cause of human eosinophilic meningitis. The parasite is commonly known as rat lungworm because the primary host in its lifecycle is the rat. A clinical overview of rat lungworm infection is presented, followed by a literature review of rat lungworm epidemiology, risk factors, and surveillance projects. Data collected from previous snail surveys in Florida was considered alongside elevation, population per square kilometer, median household income by zip code territory, and normalized difference vegetation index specific to the geographic coordinates from which the snail samples were retrieved. The parameters of interest were incorporated as possible predictor variables in a Poisson probability regression model and a negative binomial regression model. NDVI and population density were determined to be positively associated with number of snail samples positive for A. cantonensis in a given Miami-based location. A surveillance project was conducted in Hillsborough County, Florida, U.S.A.. Snail samples were collected and tested for A. cantonensis DNA via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and gel electrophoresis. None of the samples tested positive for A. cantonensis.
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Silva, Weber Laurentino da [UNESP]. "Epidemiologia genética em hanseníase: estudo de associação da região genômica candidata 6p21 e do gene TLR1." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/99861.

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A hanseníase é uma doença infecciosa crônica, que acomete pele e sistema nervoso periférico e tem como agente etiológico o Mycobacterium leprae, um patógeno exclusivamente intracelular, que tem predileção por macrófagos e pelas células de Schwann. É um traço complexo e fatores genéticos do hospedeiro têm sido repetidamente implicados com o risco para a doença. A região cromossômica 6p21 vem sendo sistematicamente envolvida com a hanseníase, não só pelos genes do HLA de classe II, como também pelos estudos envolvendo marcadores em genes como o TNF e a LTA. O gene TLR1 também é um importante candidato e polimorfismos deste já têm sido associados com hanseníase per se e com reação hansênica. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi conduzir estudo de associação de base populacional do tipo caso-controle em hanseníase testando marcadores do tipo tag SNPs em genes candidatos da região cromossômica candidata 6p21 e do gene TLR1. Oitenta e nove marcadores do tipo tag SNPs, localizados em trinta e seis genes foram genotipados. O presente trabalho envolveu 1718 indivíduos, 981 casos e 737 controles, provenientes de dois estados brasileiros: Mato Grosso e São Paulo. As genotipagens da população de Rondonópolis, MT foram realizadas em plataforma de médio rendimento (VeraCode GoldenGate Genotyping Assay – Illumina) e as genotipagens da população de São Paulo foram feitas usando discriminação alélica baseada na tecnologia TaqMan (Applied Biosystems). Para as análises estatísticas foi empregado modelo de regressão logística, com correção para as co-variáveis etnia e sexo, usando o software R, para Windows. Treze genes localizados na região 6p21 tiveram marcadores associados com hanseníase per se. O alelo S do polimorfismo N248S do gene TLR1 também foi associado com susceptibilidade para hanseníase per se. Estes dados ressaltam o papel destes genes na susceptibilidade genética para a...
Leprosy is an chronic infectious disease that attacks skin and peripheral nervous system. The causative agent is Mycobacterium leprae, an obligate intracellular pathogen that infects macrophage and Schwann cells. It is a complex trait and host genetic factors have been extensively implicated in leprosy susceptibility. The chromosomal region 6p21 has been involved with leprosy susceptibility due to HLA class II, and TNF and LTA genes, as well. The TLR1 gene is also an important candidate gene and polymorphisms at this locus have been associated to leprosy per se and leprosy reactions. This research is a population-based association study in leprosy which tested tag SNPs located at candidate genes in chromosomal region 6p21 and in TLR1 gene. Eighty-nine markers distributed in thirty-six genes were genotyped. The present work enrolled 1,718 individuals, 981 cases and 737 controls from Mato Grosso and São Paulo States, Brazil. The genotypes for Rondonópolis population were obtained using by medium-scale genotyping platform (VeraCode GoldenGate Genotyping Assay – Illumina), while to São Paulo samples the genotyping were done by allelic discrimination based on TaqMan technology (Applied Biosystems). Statistical analysis were performed by logistic regression models adjusted for the covariates sex and ethnicity, using R software. Thirteen genes located at 6p21 region presented markers associated to leprosy per se. The S allele for N248S polymorphism at TLR1gene was also associated to leprosy susceptibility. These data show the role of these genes in genetic host resistance and susceptibility to leprosy and suggest the necessity of replication and functional studies in order to better explain their involvement with the disease
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Silva, Weber Laurentino da. "Epidemiologia genética em hanseníase : estudo de associação da região genômica candidata 6p21 e do gene TLR1 /." Botucatu, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/99861.

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Orientador: Ana Carla Pereira Latini
Banca: Alessandra Pontillo
Banca: James Venturini
Resumo: A hanseníase é uma doença infecciosa crônica, que acomete pele e sistema nervoso periférico e tem como agente etiológico o Mycobacterium leprae, um patógeno exclusivamente intracelular, que tem predileção por macrófagos e pelas células de Schwann. É um traço complexo e fatores genéticos do hospedeiro têm sido repetidamente implicados com o risco para a doença. A região cromossômica 6p21 vem sendo sistematicamente envolvida com a hanseníase, não só pelos genes do HLA de classe II, como também pelos estudos envolvendo marcadores em genes como o TNF e a LTA. O gene TLR1 também é um importante candidato e polimorfismos deste já têm sido associados com hanseníase per se e com reação hansênica. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi conduzir estudo de associação de base populacional do tipo caso-controle em hanseníase testando marcadores do tipo tag SNPs em genes candidatos da região cromossômica candidata 6p21 e do gene TLR1. Oitenta e nove marcadores do tipo tag SNPs, localizados em trinta e seis genes foram genotipados. O presente trabalho envolveu 1718 indivíduos, 981 casos e 737 controles, provenientes de dois estados brasileiros: Mato Grosso e São Paulo. As genotipagens da população de Rondonópolis, MT foram realizadas em plataforma de médio rendimento (VeraCode GoldenGate Genotyping Assay - Illumina) e as genotipagens da população de São Paulo foram feitas usando discriminação alélica baseada na tecnologia TaqMan (Applied Biosystems). Para as análises estatísticas foi empregado modelo de regressão logística, com correção para as co-variáveis etnia e sexo, usando o software R, para Windows. Treze genes localizados na região 6p21 tiveram marcadores associados com hanseníase per se. O alelo S do polimorfismo N248S do gene TLR1 também foi associado com susceptibilidade para hanseníase per se. Estes dados ressaltam o papel destes genes na susceptibilidade genética para a ...
Abstract: Leprosy is an chronic infectious disease that attacks skin and peripheral nervous system. The causative agent is Mycobacterium leprae, an obligate intracellular pathogen that infects macrophage and Schwann cells. It is a complex trait and host genetic factors have been extensively implicated in leprosy susceptibility. The chromosomal region 6p21 has been involved with leprosy susceptibility due to HLA class II, and TNF and LTA genes, as well. The TLR1 gene is also an important candidate gene and polymorphisms at this locus have been associated to leprosy per se and leprosy reactions. This research is a population-based association study in leprosy which tested tag SNPs located at candidate genes in chromosomal region 6p21 and in TLR1 gene. Eighty-nine markers distributed in thirty-six genes were genotyped. The present work enrolled 1,718 individuals, 981 cases and 737 controls from Mato Grosso and São Paulo States, Brazil. The genotypes for Rondonópolis population were obtained using by medium-scale genotyping platform (VeraCode GoldenGate Genotyping Assay - Illumina), while to São Paulo samples the genotyping were done by allelic discrimination based on TaqMan technology (Applied Biosystems). Statistical analysis were performed by logistic regression models adjusted for the covariates sex and ethnicity, using R software. Thirteen genes located at 6p21 region presented markers associated to leprosy per se. The S allele for N248S polymorphism at TLR1gene was also associated to leprosy susceptibility. These data show the role of these genes in genetic host resistance and susceptibility to leprosy and suggest the necessity of replication and functional studies in order to better explain their involvement with the disease
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Books on the topic "Epidemiology – Methodology"

1

Modern epidemiology. Boston: Little, Brown, 1986.

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Tu, Yu-Kang, and Darren C. Greenwood. Modern methods for epidemiology. Heidelberg: Springer, 2012.

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Modern methods for epidemiology. Heidelberg: Springer, 2012.

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Epidemiology and the people's health: Theory and context. New York: Oxford University Press, 2011.

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Parfrey, Patrick S., and Brendan Barrett. Clinical epidemiology: Practice and methods. New York: Humana Press, 2015.

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Epidemiological studies: A practical guide. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995.

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Observation and inference: An introduction to the methods of epidemiology. [Chestnut Hill, MA]: Epidemiology Resources Inc., 1991.

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Douglas, Scutchfield F., and Tucker Thomas C. 1946-, eds. Managerial epidemiology. Chicago, IL: Health Administration Press, 2000.

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P, Fox Matthew, and Fink Aliza K, eds. Applying quantitative bias analysis to epidemiologic data. Dordrecht: Springer, 2009.

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1946-, White Emily, and Saracci R, eds. Principles of exposure measurement in epidemiology. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Epidemiology – Methodology"

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Ronco, Alvaro Luis, and Eduardo De Stéfani. "General Features and Methodology." In Nutritional Epidemiology of Breast Cancer, 111–16. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2397-9_10.

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Kranz, J. "The Methodology of Comparative Epidemiology." In Experimental Techniques in Plant Disease Epidemiology, 279–89. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-95534-1_21.

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Zerfas, Alfred J., Derrick B. Jelliffe, and E. F. Patrice Jelliffe. "Epidemiology and Nutrition." In Methodology Ecological, Genetic, and Nutritional Effects on Growth, 475–500. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7198-8_19.

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Storti, Kristi L., Edward W. Gregg, and Andrea M. Kriska. "Methodology for Physical Activity Assessment." In The Epidemiology of Diabetes Mellitus, 71–86. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470779750.ch6.

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Kranz, Jürgen. "On the Methodology of Comparative Epidemiology." In Comparative Epidemiology of Plant Diseases, 9–47. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-05261-7_3.

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Barros, Laécio C., Rodney C. Bassanezi, and Renata Z. G. Oliveira. "Fuzzy Differential Inclusion: An Application to Epidemiology." In Soft Methodology and Random Information Systems, 631–37. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-44465-7_78.

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Banks, H. Thomas, Marie Davidian, John R. Samuels, and Karyn L. Sutton. "An Inverse Problem Statistical Methodology Summary." In Mathematical and Statistical Estimation Approaches in Epidemiology, 249–302. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2313-1_11.

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Trichopoulos, Dimitrios, and Loucas Sparos. "Reflections on Epidemiologic Methodology in the Study of Disease Etiology and Health Services." In Behavioral Epidemiology and Disease Prevention, 3–13. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7929-4_1.

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Roux, Ana V. Diez. "Potentialities and Limitations of Multilevel Analysis in Public Health and Epidemiology." In Methodology and Epistemology of Multilevel Analysis, 93–119. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4675-9_4.

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Angelico, F. "The GREPCO studies: methodology, prevalence and incidence data." In Recent Advances in the Epidemiology and Prevention of Gallstone Disease, 3–6. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3744-7_1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Epidemiology – Methodology"

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Zhang, Jingyuan, Hao Shi, and Yanchun Zhang. "Self-Organizing Map Methodology and Google Maps Services for Geographical Epidemiology Mapping." In 2009 Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dicta.2009.46.

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Rao, Dhananjai M., Alexander Chernyakhovsky, Victoria Rao, Sio-Iong Ao, Mahyar A. Amouzegar, and Su-Shing Chen. "Computational Evolutionary Methodology for Knowledge Discovery and Forecasting in Epidemiology and Medicine." In WORLD CONGRESS ON ENGINEERING AND COMPUTER SCIENCE. AIP, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2937609.

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Eltai, Nahla O., Sara H. Al-Hadidi, Asmaa A. Al Than, Sanjay H. Doiphode, and Hadi M. Yassine. "Salmonellosis among Pediatric Population in Qatar: Prevalence, Antibiotic Resistance and Molecular Epidemiology." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0126.

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Objectives: This study aims to characterize at the molecular level the genes encoding resistance in Salmonella and explain the molecular mechanisms underlying resistance to ceftriaxone, cefepime, amoxicillin-clavulanate, tetracycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, chloramphenicol, colistin and azithromycin in Salmonella. It aims as well to characterize the 16S rRNA gene region by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) to investigate if this region constitutes an appropriate ‘coincidental’ marker to distinguish important pathogenic Salmonella species. Finally, determine the lineages of Salmonella species and evolutionary relationships among bacteria classified within the same genus. Methodology: 246 Salmonella isolates were collected from children under 16 years old during Jan. 2018 - Dec 2019, presented with gastroenteritis at Hamad Medical Corporation. Isolates were tested for antibiotic susceptibility against nineteen relevant antibiotics using E-test. Isolates that harbor antibiotic resistance were confirmed using PCR specific primers for 38 genes. In addition, the variable region of class 1 and 2 integrons were identified by PCR among amoxicillin-clavulanate (AMC) resistant samples. RFLP targeting16S rRNAwas performed using seven restriction enzymes including AluI, Bgl I, Bgl II, EcoR I, SmaI, Hinf I & Hae III. Results: Resistance was detected against 15 antibiotics and (38.2%) of isolates were resistant to at least one antibiotic. Overall, high resistance was reported to tetracycline (23.9%), ampicillin (21.1%), AMC (18.7%) and sulfamethoxazoletrimethoprim (13%). Further, 22.4% of the isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR), with 4.1% being ESBL producers. 90 % of ESBL producers had one of bla CTX-M-Group. Class (1) AMC resistant samples showed the highest resistance to different antibiotics. 16S rRNA-RFLP analysis divided Salmonella isolates into two main groups. Conclusion: Our results indicate a high antimicrobial resistance pattern of Salmonella, which necessities the development of regulatory programs to combats antimicrobial resistance. In particular, our results showed high resistance to Class (1) AMC cassette that involves the transmission and expression of the resistance. This might lead to a concern of increased multidrug resistance in the future. This study provides evidence guidance to activate and implement the pillars of an antimicrobial stewardship program in animal and human health to reduce MDR salmonellosis.
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Chin, Jessica, Abe Zeid, and Sagar Kamarthi. "Investigating a Framework for Modeling and Analysis for Wound Progression." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-86856.

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Wounds are as unique as a fingerprint. A wound can be a tear, scrape or cut — simply anything that damages the protective layer of skin. Wounds occur anywhere on the body from a small paper cut to a large gash. Because the topology of a wound varies so significantly, current tracing and modeling methods fail to adapt to the changing environment. Similarly, traumatic wounds are a greater challenge to heal without infection due to their nature, size, depth and moisture. Presently, tracing and modeling methods are inaccurate and unreliable for wounds that exceed a certain depth. With any wound, non-invasive, full field methods are necessary to effectively measure and assess the severity of the wound. Due to lack of diagnosis options, wounds are expensive to treat and heal. There are few methodologies that exist to help affect the decision for clinicians regarding wound care, how wounds are evaluated, and how wounds are created. In the U.S., there are an estimated 2.5 million pressure ulcers treated each year in acute care facilities. The epidemiology of pressure wounds result in particular physiological principles that we can use to quantify and determine a baseline wound condition. At the moment, the physician and his experience rather than a standard diagnostic system determines the wound condition. This paper presents methods of quantifying wound progression and their impact thus far on patient care. It also provides open-ended research issues that support the need for a structured, systematic methodology for the modeling and analysis of wound progression. The purpose of this paper is also to disseminate a preliminary epistemology on wound progression and modeling in a quantifiable manner.
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Pariyar, Jitendra, and Binuma Shrestha. "Clinical presentation and management of malignant germ cell ovarian tumours in BPKMCH." In 16th Annual International Conference RGCON. Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685406.

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Background: Germ cell malignancies account for about 5% of all ovarian cancers. These tumours grow rapidly and often produce symptoms quicker than the slow growing epithelial tumour. Commonly seen in the first two decades of life germ cell malignancies are highly chemosensitive and are potentially curable with surgery and chemotherapy. This study is the first of its kind regarding the epidemiology, management and outcome of patients with malignant germ cell tumour in Nepal. Objective: To analyze the clinical presentation and management outcomes of malignant germ cell tumours managed in B.P. Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital, Nepal. Methodology: Descriptive study conducted in B.P. Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital, Nepal. Case records of malignant germ cell tumours attending the hospital from January 1999 to December 2009 were analyzed regarding their illness history, clinical examination, investigations, treatment, follow-up and outcomes measured. Observations: Total 65 cases of malignant germ cell tumours with age range from 2 to 58 years (mean 21.7 years) were received. 42% cases were Tibeto-Burmese; 30% were Indo-Aryans. There were 15 cases (23%) of dysgeminoma, 21 endodermal sinus tumor (32%), 16 Immature Cystic Teratoma (24.5%), 9 (14%) Mixed Germ Cell, 2 unclassified GCT (3.5%) and 2 malignant transformation in teratoma (3.5%). 33 (49.5%) patients had early stage disease, 37 (57%) underwent fertility preserving surgery. 4 cases (9%) due to disseminated disease, underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by debulking surgery. 51 cases (78.5%) received adjuvant chemotherapy (BEP or EP regimen). The overall survival was 70%. Conclusion: Early stage germ cell malignancies can be safely managed by fertility preserving surgery followed by, chemotherapy if indicated. For advanced diseases, neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery can be undertaken with curable intent.
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Davies, Peter R., Julie A. Funk, M. G. Nichols, J. M. O'Carroll, P. K. Turkson, W. A. Gebreyes, S. Ladely, and Paula J. Fedorka-Cray. "Effects of some methodologic factors on detection of Salmonella in swine feces." In 10th International Conference on the Epidemiology and Control of Biological, Chemical and Physical Hazards in Pigs and Pork. Iowa State University, Digital Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/safepork-180809-960.

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