Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Épidémies – Rome – 30 av. J.-C.-476 (Empire)'
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Cuny, Gérard. "Les crises épidémiques de l'empire romain, 27 av. J.-C. - 476 ap. J.-C." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Montpellier 3, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023MON30036.
Full textMany sources attest to epidemics, and various stories refer to "plagues", generic names to designate serious epidemic infectious diseases that marked the Roman Empire. The stories that have come down to us do not or very rarely give any information on the epidemiology, symptoms, signs or evolution of the diseases responsible, but in the absence of being able to make a precise diagnosis, it seems plausible, taking into account our current knowledge, to put forward hypotheses on their nature. For each epidemic, the identification of potentially responsible pathogens, and their interactions with past populations, is carried out. Then, a research/understanding is carried out, in order to explain the appearance of the infectious disease, the dynamics of its temporal and spatial behavior, the critical size of the host populations, the importance and the effects of environmental or bioclimatic modifications which have contributed to its dissemination. To better explain these epidemic events, an inventory of medical knowledge of the time was essential: what were the conceptions that doctors had of diseases, their causes and their varieties, notions of the transmissibility of infectious diseases. The various demographic (population density, health status, migrations), socio-economic (poverty, nutritional deficiencies, human pressures on the environment), climatic and ecological factors which individually or in conjunction could favor the development of a epidemic. Finally, the perception of the epidemic risk, in its cognitive (knowledge and understanding of the risk) and emotional (feeling of the risk and behavior) dimensions, as well as the way in which the State and the populations endeavored to protect themselves or to suffer the epidemic outbreaks are considered. The Roman Empire was confronted with major epidemics, the first deadly pandemics described in history which will contribute to its weakening and indirectly to the rise of Christianity
Scherer, Agnès. "Les femmes de familles sénatoriales de Septime Sévère à Constantin de 192 ap. J. -C. , à 337 ap. J. -C." Paris 4, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA040135.
Full textMaiuro, Marco. "La proprieta imperiale in Italia." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CLF20028.
Full textFournier, Jean. "La poliorcétique à l'époque impériale (1er-IVème siècles ap. J. -C. )." Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040092.
Full textPoliorcetics corresponds to the technic of besieging a fortified town; in order to appreciate the methods used during the imperial age, we should study, in the first part, the means implemented: first how the fortified town presented itself during the early centuries (its function, its choice of site and different elements), then the staff required which consisted of the legionary and his auxiliaries, and above all the "fabri", the engineers of that time who were intrusted with all sorts of tasks having a technical character. Due to their importance in poliorcetics, one chapter has been especially reserved to the "tormenta", ancestors of the modern artillery devices. The second part relates to the action, meaning poliorcetics itself; how to seize a fortified town, the mounting up of attacking troups in camps strategically chosen around the town, rapid action benefiting by surprise or besieging operation including a partial destruction of the defense system with demolishing devices: battering rams, moving towers or attacks by mines or by fire; how to defend a fortified town against scaling or against devices used by the attacking troups, the last fights, what becomes of a town once it has been besieged
Pottier, Bruno. "Banditisme et ordre public dans les campagnes de l'Empire romain." Paris 10, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA100110.
Full textIn order to enforce public order in the Roman Empire, governors repressed those who fell into the widely-defined categories of urban seditiones and rural latrones. Culprits of isolated acts of banditries, latrocinia, were assimilated in roman penal law, in epigraphic, in papyrologic, in and hagiographic documentation, to professional outlaws, in response the fear of organized crime. In the Fourth century, a new penal policy which laid out the responsibility of domini and assimilation of suspects to criminals was enforced. Scarcity of grain, increasing taxes and recruitment requirements might have caused waves of bandit attacks. Popular bandits, circoncellions, monks with a concern for social justice, and Gallic Bagaudes, self-defence groups against barbarians, exemplify the autonomy of peasants from urban domination
Berton, Mathias. "Les déclamateurs et la déclamation : de la fin de la République à la seconde Sophistique." Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA010640.
Full textDumas-Acolat, Delphine. "Les Romains et la montagne : image,connaissance et rôle du relief dans le monde impérial romain." Paris 4, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA040282.
Full textThe Roman Empire is immense with very different mountains. The Romans bear a delicate relation to the rugged mountain spaces and it is the occasion to consider many aspects of Roman civilisation and history. .
Pichon, Blaise. "L'empreinte de Rome dans l'ouest de la Gaule Belgique d'Auguste à la fin du IVe siècle." Paris 10, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA100124.
Full textFrom Augustus to Claude, the Gallia Belgica received the essential elements which guaranteed the roman power : civitates and their chief towns are created, like main military roads. But the mark of Rome in the seven western civitates in Gallia Belgica does not limit to these elements. Since the augustean time, we may see that a part of local populations wishes to become roman. Urban development shows particularly the success of romanitas between the middle of the 1st century AD and the end of the 3rd century. There are many towns, and sanctuaries then countryside become roman. After the middle of the 3rd century, the numerous changes in western Gallia Belgica, because of internal causes and Germanic pressure, does not destroy this romanitas, which is partly changed though
Erragne, Aude. "Les petits métiers à Rome de la fin de la République romaine et du Haut-Empire : définitions, structures et localisation dans la ville." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CLF20029.
Full textBiagi, Solange. "Bornes milliaires et bornage des voies romaines en Asie mineure à l'époque romaine : le réseau routier d'Ephèse à la cilicie pédiane (IIème siècle avant notre ère-Vème siècle de notre ère)." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010555.
Full textBaudry, Robinson. "Les patriciens à la fin de la République romaine et au début de l'Empire." Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA010626.
Full textDucloux, Anne. "L'asile dans l'Église primitive du début du IVe au milieu du Ve siècle dans l'Orient et l'Occident du monde romain." Paris 12, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA120037.
Full textAppeared in the early ivth. Century from a popular practice, the christian churches'asylum asserted itself rapidly to the majority, untill it became a right which has been sanctionned by an imperial law, in the first half vth. Century
Rivière, Yann. "Les délateurs sous l'Empire romain : étude d'histoire juridique, politique et sociale." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010683.
Full textIt is necessary to establish a clear distinction between the causae fiscales and the criminal accusations. The analysis of the role of a group of accusatores, the informers, during the early empire, and a study of the late legislation and the political processes during the fourth century allow us to illustrate the evolution of the procedure and the early creation of inquisitorial practices. Honours and rewards which come from the confiscated properties are the causes of the fights between members of the aristocracy. In the same time these confiscations contribute to the enrichment of the imperial treasury
Soupault, Vanessa. "Les éléments du costume masculin du IIIe au Ve siècle dans la partie orientale de l'Empire romain." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010536.
Full textThe subject of our study is about the elements of the male costume from the third to the fifth century in the eastern part of the roman empire. The work we have done is founded particularly on the archaeological material (like the cross-bow fibulae, the belt buckles, the strap-ends). We have elaborated a typology and a chronology for this material. When it was done, we have studied the correlations between those objects and the iconographic sources where they were represented. In the second part of our work we have synthesized all the facts which allowed us to understand for example the common points and the differences of this costume with the costume of the occident
Blonce, Caroline. "L'arc monumental dans le monde romain, du début du IIe siècle au début du IVe siècle ap. J. -C. : histoire et place dans la vie politique, religieuse et sociale." Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040132.
Full textThe creation of a new comprehensive catalogue of the monumental arches in the Roman Empire was the starting point of this research into the political, social and religious issues involved in the building of monumental arches in the Roman world, from the early 2nd century to the early 4th century A. D. These monuments, which can be encountered in the whole Empire, share not only a similar appearance but also similar settings within the city and the same political role. From an urbanistic point of view, monumental arches not only embody the notion of urbanitas but are also monumental symbols allowing the cities to claim their allegiance to the Roman world. Considering the political role, monumental arches play a great part in the wide spreading of imperial ideology, as a manifestation of the emperor’s physical presence throughout the Empire
Panunzi, Stéphanie. "Les Princes de Rome ont-ils eu une politique économique ?" Thesis, Corte, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CORT0007.
Full textWriting down the history of Roman economy consists in first place in putting order to what may appear at first sight as a factual chaos substracted of any logic. The redaction of the history of Roman economy can be achieved only through succeeding into breaking down the chain of events while creating a network of causes and consequences. Much more than understanding relationships between an event and an other, is to manage to connect them into the economical development process created by the Roman Empire.Then the event does not make sense by itself, but it makes sense in the global Roman’s project.During the whole twentieth century, the field of the antic economic history will be troubled by a harsh debate : the “controverse Bücher-Meyer”. Catalyst of numerous theories about the antic economic systems, it has divided the scientific community into two distinct sides. The debate is still open between the “primitivistes” and the “modernistes”, indeed, forthe first ones, we can consider behavioral permanency throughout history, while the others points out that the society has known majors economical transformations. Today, the Manichean time of this controversy is almost at its end. We are in a “post-Finley era”, propitious to the realization of a new social and economical history of the Roman’s world.The main objective of this thesis is not to write down an other biography of the Empire’s first two century princes.That has already been done before by eminent historians. Giving a personal definition of what Roman economy is, how the romans used to think this economy and how they used to manage it, here are the true questions which are composing my Ph.D. thesis.Resting on the numerous sources we are disposing of, my objective, is to precisely define which level of development and which economical way of thinking did the roman society reached. Referring to Edward Will, “Roman’s economy is only Roman”, and it is with this idea in mind that we should write its history. What we have to understand here is that analyzing objectively the history of roman economy is equivalent to think about it as Rome in its whole entity
Péna, Marc. "Le stoïcisme et l'empire romain." Aix-Marseille 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX32013.
Full textStoicism allies a highly technical and complex system to a thoroughly identifiable style of life outside any philosophical reference. The result is an opem, non systematic wisdom, without any hermetism, which is rich and fluid and able to live through the vicissitudes of history. It permits us to have a better apprehension of the astonishing plasticity of portico, able to be at the origin of the hellenistic period, then to ? and support a political system corresponding largely to its vision of the word : the roman empire. Lastly it managed to survive this very system and to influence the great doctrine from christianity to modern times, as weel as contemporany political thinking in some respects. Indeed, as a political ideology the contribution of stoicism is certainly to have been able to concerve the whole, a universal monarchy in which all individuals can find a place. As a political moral doctrine, it is to have wanted and to have been able to safeguard the freedom of each of the individual in this whole. Almost officially adopted by rome and its emperors, stoicism went much further. Its notion of the individual resting upon the archetypal sage, its notion of a world that is one and universal, its philosophical notion of the harmony between these two poles : the individual and the universal, gave rise to the cult of an inner god renderer to the core of the individual
Davoine, Charles. "Recherches sur les ruines dans le monde romain : gestion et perception des bâtiments détruits dans la cité romaine (Ier siècle av. J.-C. – IVe siècle ap. J.-C.)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA080097.
Full text: Partially destroyed buildings, the remains of which persist in time, ruins were part of the reality of Ancient Rome. This research aims at investigating the way the populations of the Empire, the local magistrates or the Roman central power perceived and managed dilapidated buildings as well as the piles of debris resulting from destructions. This study will focus on the everyday life of cities faced with the dilapidation of buildings as well as with exceptional devastations caused by catastrophes, from the Augustinian age to the end of the fourth century A.D. Through a thorough study of literary, legal and epigraphic sources, the purpose is to analyze how ruins were dealt with, taking into account the rules and norms which applied to them, as well as the mental representations which enabled their understanding. We shall demonstrate that ruins have no place in the city. Demolitions should always be avoided, and dilapidated building should be restored. Any aesthetic aspect of the ruins, or their use as places of memory, are absent from Latin texts. On the contrary, dilapidated buildings and destroyed cities are associated with death and unsightliness and reflect a troubled era. Ruins constitute a counter-model which enables the revelation, by contrast, of an ideal architecture which contributes to the ornamentation of the city and to the elaboration of the Golden Age announced by the Emperor
Meens, Landry. "Les officiers de la garnison de Rome sous le Haut-Empire." Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.paris-sorbonne.fr/these.meens.pdf.
Full textThat study is devoted to the officers (tribunes belonging to the equester ordo) of four units of the Roman garrison under the Principate : the vigiles (firemen during the day and city police at night), the urbaniciani (daylight city police), the equites singulares Augusti (the Emperor's horse guards) and the praetorian guard (the Emperor's personal guard). The subject is dealt with as follows : to start with the geographical recruitment, then the social recruitment, as well as the career leading those militaries to tribunates. The second part deals with what constitutes the specificity of those tribunes : their officer' role, then the hierarchical relationships they had with their superiors and their subordinates, to finish with the organization of those tribune' positions. Finally has been studied what became of those officers after their military cursus was completed : their equestrian and sometimes senatorial careers, the position those officers had in their cities once their service devoted to the Emperor had come to an end, and finally the social influence that their access to tribunates (and therefore to the ordo equester) may have had on their families and descendants
Menghi, Martino. "L' éthique de la tempérance : les liens réciproques et la synergie entre médecins, philosophes dans la formation de l'idéal de l'homme tempéré à l'époque impériale romaine." Paris, EPHE, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EPHE4021.
Full textThe present work concerns the development of the ideal temperance during the I and II century A. D. I started by reconstructing the notion of temperance since its first manifestation in the culture of the classical polis, dealing also with its elaboration by both Plato and Aristotle. In the second chapter I dealt with the ethical thought of the Hellenistic philosophers who, namely through the epicureans and the stoics proclaim the man's psychological freedom from the most formidable passions such as rage, envy, ambition, desire of richness and power, or submission to the pleasures of Eros, of food and drink. I could realize to what extent such teachings spread in Rome, where they are developed by Lucretius, Cicero, Seneca, Epictetus and other philosophers. The third chapter is devoted to the influence of the same notions upon intellectuals who were not philosophers by profession, namely physicians who represent the subject of the following chapter. So I have seen how Galen could be able to master a great culture both philosophical and medical in order to become the tutor of both moral and physical health of mankind. And we also followed the formulation of his ideal of health which systematically aims at a temperate behaviour on the part of his patient, who is the whole of mankind. We devoted our last chapter to the ethical propositions of two champions of Christianity, St Paul and Tertullian
Davoine, Charles. "Recherches sur les ruines dans le monde romain : gestion et perception des bâtiments détruits dans la cité romaine (Ier siècle av. J.-C. – IVe siècle ap. J.-C.)." Thesis, Paris 8, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA080097.
Full text: Partially destroyed buildings, the remains of which persist in time, ruins were part of the reality of Ancient Rome. This research aims at investigating the way the populations of the Empire, the local magistrates or the Roman central power perceived and managed dilapidated buildings as well as the piles of debris resulting from destructions. This study will focus on the everyday life of cities faced with the dilapidation of buildings as well as with exceptional devastations caused by catastrophes, from the Augustinian age to the end of the fourth century A.D. Through a thorough study of literary, legal and epigraphic sources, the purpose is to analyze how ruins were dealt with, taking into account the rules and norms which applied to them, as well as the mental representations which enabled their understanding. We shall demonstrate that ruins have no place in the city. Demolitions should always be avoided, and dilapidated building should be restored. Any aesthetic aspect of the ruins, or their use as places of memory, are absent from Latin texts. On the contrary, dilapidated buildings and destroyed cities are associated with death and unsightliness and reflect a troubled era. Ruins constitute a counter-model which enables the revelation, by contrast, of an ideal architecture which contributes to the ornamentation of the city and to the elaboration of the Golden Age announced by the Emperor
Richoux, Nicolas. "Recherches sur la poliorcétique sous le Haut Empire, d’Auguste à Sévère Alexandre (31 avant J.-C. - 235 après J.-C.)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040056.
Full textRoman siege warfare achieved its upmost efficiency and supremacy under the Early Empire in an antique world in which wars were permanent. Siege warfare is far more than the simple art of besieging cities or fortresses. It includes violent and non-violent courses of action. Siege wars and defense are part of it. Pragmatic, the roman general was eager to capture cities at low cost and use of violence came last. Storming assault was frequently employed and very effective. It avoided dangers of an uncertain siege, characterized by technical complexity, an important logistics, potentially high losses, time consuming and requiring huge financial resources. For all those reasons, methodical siege was not a very usual course of action. It sometimes meant, less frequently than expected, heavy siege works, requiring a demanding division of labor. During the battle, the complementarity and efficiency offered by the couple legion/auxiliaries hasn’t been stressed enough. Such is the importance of combined warfare, which systematically included the use of fire support, artillery, archeries and sometimes slingers. Regarding the capture, final assaults appear to have been rare. Alternative conclusions were most of the time the rule. Pitiless with resistant forces, Romans were rather pragmatic with others, depending on the final desired end state on the ground. When overrun, the city was generally a wealth provider. It concurred to strengthen the imperial legitimacy and, bounty, material and humans as well, was an important financial contribution for the general and the soldier
Kéfélian, Anahide. "Rome et le Royaume d'Arménie : interactions politiques, militaires et culturelles (65 av. - 224 ap. J.-C.)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040088.
Full textFor almost five centuries, the Roman Empire tried to keep Armenia under its influence against the ambitions of the Parthians and Sassanians, due to the strategical location of this kingdom. This thesis reviews the relationship of the Roman Empire with Armenia from the deditio of Tigrane II in 65 BC until the arrival of Sassanians in AD 224. Typically, such studies are only based on factual events. In this thesis however, the diplomatic relationship between Rome and Armenia and the resulting interactions are put into context by also taking into account other sources, which have rarely been studied until now. Therefore, a thematic analysis was performed, which is divided in three parts. The first part deals with the depiction of the Armenian Kingdom that Rome conveyed by analysing its monetary iconography and its representation in the sculptures. The diplomatic relationships, beforehand seen through the ideological prism conveyed by the coins, are put into context in the second part. This allows to understand the tactics used to integrate and keep the Armenian Kingdom in the Roman sphere of influence. The third and last part concentrates on the Roman presence in the Armenian Kingdom by studying the distribution of Roman troops and the resulting cultural and linguistic interactions
Grau, Donatien. "La mémoire numismatique de l’Empire romain : recherches iconographiques." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLEP070.
Full textThe Roman Imperial Coinage is most often analysed according to a fragmentary fashion : every reign, every type, every series is taken into account on its own. Here we aim to consider the unity of the Roman Imperial Coinage. This unity is to be found in memory, according to which every coin would by nature be related to all others, and according to which a number of monetary images would be connected the one and to the other and therefore establish a form of unity of the coinage. As a consequence, we outline a “numismatic” approach in relation to iconography, as opposed to a “monetary” approach, which would rather be based on cataloguing and quantification. Such a stance is first taken into account from the Julio-Claudian era, and the constitution of an Augustan memory under the first dynasty, between Republican memory, memory of the “imperatores”, and Hellenistic memory; the Augustan model is then positioned as a model for the whole Empire. Thus a typology of memory is articulated around three forms: horizontality, with the use of images that seem to have almost lost their meaning; verticality, a direct reference to a historical event; and transversality, marking a genealogy through coinage. The Imperial coinage is interpreted as a text, with an assessment of literary citations on coins, and an analysis of the contorniates and of the restitution issues as forms of memory writing; an assessment of the legends supports this approach, which is also confirmed by a final insight into the Roman sources evoking coins – literary, epigraphic, numismatic
Bru, Hadrien. "Représentations et célébrations du pouvoir impérial dans les provinces syriennes d'Auguste à Constantin : (31 av. J.C.- 337 apr. J.-C.)." Tours, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOUR2011.
Full textThis study focuses on the imperial cult in the Near East and its expressions, by analysing the place of the emperor and of the imperial power's image through time and space, from Augustus to Constantine. The epigraphic, literary, numismatic and archaeological sources (sculptures, monumental architecture, town planning) are analysed, from Phoenicia to Osrhoene, from Commagene to Arabia. The first part deals with the urban and rural spaces, and with the sanctuaries where representations of the imperial power took place. It emphasizes the ubiquity of the “surveyor emperor”. The second part treats of the symbolic functions of the sculptures and of the religious figures linked to a theoretically eternal power, without disregarding the question of imperial epithets. The third part analyses the celebrations, the organization and the promotion of the imperial cult : Greek games, gladiators contests, as well as civic, provincial and supra-provincial structures are tackled, then it ends with the major role of the regional dependent kings, of the city notables, and of the Roman governors
Baills-Talbi, Nathalie. "Sentiment de l'enfance et reconnaissance sociale : la place des enfants en bas âge (0-4 ans) dans les Trois Gaules (Ier s. av. J.-C. - Ve s. ap. J.-C. : étude des comportements au travers des sources littéraires, iconographiques, anthropologiques, archéologiques et ethnologiques." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010552.
Full textAliquot, Julien. "La vie religieuse du Liban à l'époque romaine." Tours, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOUR2001.
Full textBetween the conquest of the Near East by Rome in the 1st century BC and the christianization of the 4th century AD, a new group of pagan sanctuaries covered Lebanon. Together with the cities and the villages of the area, the sacred places formed a network which resulted from the initiatives of the local communities and from their collaboration with the agents of the imperial power. At the origin of the cults worshipped here, there was a variety of Oriental, Greek and Roman traditions, which survival, selection and development depended on their conformity with the religious practices of the Roman world. The study is conceived as a contribution to the research on the hellenization and the romanization of the Near East. It is completed by the Atlas des lieux saints, and by the collection of the Inscriptions grecques et latines du Mont Hermon, devoted to the epigraphic file of a district where the religious texts are especially abundant
Delage, Richard. "Contribution à l'étude des sites de production du centre de la Gaule et de leurs céramiques sigillées moulées." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010583.
Full textVincent, Alexandre. "Les musiciens professionnels au service de la cité (fin de la République – Haut-Empire)." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10069.
Full textNo general study had focused on roman professional musicians. Famous artists have been considered, but everyday musicians remained ignored, even if some of them were exercising their talent for the benefit of the State. Musicians were used to summon citizens for the political meetings, or were expected to assist with the execution of state religion’s rites. Those men were, thanks to their musical performance, minor civil servants. Epigraphy is the main resource for this research. The prosopographical methodology chosen for this work has made it possible to reach these humble citizens. It also enabled a contribution to the history of the posts ranking under centurionate : their career paths of the military musicians were distinctive.As minor civil servants, how were musicians considered among the population of the roman cities ? These men belonged to the « middle class » plebs, but a special attention must be cast on the aenatores. They were, par excellence, civic musicians. Their history highlights Augustus’ reign : they seem to have enjoyed a special attention during the first princeps’ years. As epitomes of the Roman city’s antiquity, those men were ideal instruments chosen to trumpet the imperial ideology
Emion, Maxime. "Des soldats de l'armée romaine tardive : les protectores (IIIe-VIe siècles ap. J.-C.)." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMR103/document.
Full textThe protectores diuini lateris Augusti, high-ranking soldiers attested in the Roman army from the 3rd c. to the 6th c. AD, have been alternately defined by historians as imperial bodyguards, staff officers, or centurions under a new name. This study, based on a prosopography, aims to resolve the contradictions raised by these interpretations, from a military and social point of view. The evolutions of these soldiers’ recruitment, careers and functions, reflect deep changes in the command structure of the Late Roman army. The analysis also sheds light on the social and cultural background of these privileged soldiers, who were familiar with both the battlefield and the imperial court. By focusing on their privileged relationship with the emperor, who was at the same time general in chief and responsible for the social and symbolic order of the Late Antique world, we can finally understand how the protectores were part, in the eyes of the Romans, of an earthly order of dignities reflecting the celestial hierarchy
Baudemont, Guénaire Sylvie. "La représentation de Concordia dans l'art romain." Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040269.
Full textBorn with Rome, but taken some of its traits from the Greek idea of homonoia, it's under the republic that the notion of Concordia was really put forward. At that time, the more political meaning of unity of factious parties or chiefs to assume power or to put a stop to the civil or external war is preferred to the etymological meaning of "having the same feelings". This notion, close by these of fides, pax or felicitas is rapidly deified and pictured, at first on the coins. It's in that case a female face with a laurel wreath or a veil. However, it is under the Roman Empire that the story of Concordia and its representations got its greatest expansion. First of all, it's the coins that reveal them, sometimes sculptured monuments, less often the paintings or the glyptics. From that time onwards, we can discern the two great meaning of Concordia that are illustrated by various representations: - the concord, divine virtue, inherent in the emperor and his wife, of which they incarnate the blessings that they distribute. It's the sacrificing type of Concordia holding patera and cornucopia, or other at- tributes when the idea of concord is connected with these of hope, peace, felicity, victory. . . - the concord, good feelings between people, that it must be two to realize and that hand-shake between two persons or the symbolical picture of two right hands joined represent. So, these representations that can belong to political, family or military fields, combine with themselves, are increased in multivarious details and give a complex image of this notion. Besides, present all the roman history long, they illustrate in their own way some aspects of the roman politics and mentality
Lempereur, Olivier. "L'empereur Publius Helvius Pertinax : recherches historiques et numismatiques." Grenoble, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010GRENH023.
Full textPublius Helvius Pertinax, who only reigned for eighty-seven days in 193 AD, is not a well-known figure in the Roman History. This research aims at listing all the available sources, in order to draw up a synthesis of this short-lived emperor’s life and short-lived government. Literary texts, inscriptions, legal codes, busts, jewels have been listed, as well as a little more than two thousand one hundred coins. These documents enable us to draw a picture of the Roman Empire during the second half of the second Century A. D. And to analyse the carrier of Pertinax, son of a freedman who became an emperor after Commodus’ murder. Although full of information, these sources are more difficult to interpret as regards as Pertinax’s personality : cynical and loving money for some of them, a great humanist cowardly betrayed for others, we have in fact few certainties on the man Pertinax and on his family. In our research, we have mainly dealt with numismatics. The study of the legends and of the different types actually reveals some of the Prince’s political thinking. Moreover, catalogues of money and die links classification have been established for the four mints (Roma, Alexandria, Tomis and Prusa Ad Olympum) operating in the early 193. These recently exploited facts enabled us to go deeper into Pertinax’s monetary policy, as well as to know more about the organization of the mints, especially the one of Roma. The cross-checking of these various sources enables us to complete the general picture of this emperor and of this short reign
Detalle, Michel-Pierre. "La piraterie sur les confins "océaniques" du Ier au Ve siècle : enquête préliminaire." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040067.
Full textde, Bruyn Gabriel. "Imago principum, imago deorum : Recherches sur les statues impériales et divines dans les cités d’Afrique (Ier – Ve siècles ap. J.-C.)." Caen, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CAEN1023.
Full textThis thesis deals with imperial and divine statues in the cities of North Africa from the 1st to the 5th century CE. By confronting epigraphic and statuary evidences, the aim is to understand the role and impact of these images in provincial public spaces. The first part focuses on understanding the mechanisms for disseminating and receiving an iconographic language principally elaborated by the center of power. The problem of the role of local elites in the representation of power is crucial here. The second part aims to replace the statues in their spatial and monumental context, in order to understand the articulation of these images in a political, religious and social discourse, that expresses civic identities in the context of Roman Empire. A final part is devoted to the issues raised by imperial and divine statues in Late Antiquity, in the context of the Christianization of imperial power and African cities. These include the problem of the disappearance of statues of urban landscapes, which is discussed with a particular attention to the chronology and the actors of the phenomenon. The different attitudes towards statues, that can be found in legal sources, literary, epigraphic and archaeological evidences principally reveal their identity function as objects symbolizing the continuity of traditional civic life or as supports of violences intended to mark the rupture with the past
Echalier, Laure. "Recherches sur le banditisme et la piraterie dans la pensée et la culture du Haut Empire romain." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040296.
Full textPhilippe, Eric. "L'eau en Armorique romaine : prise en compte, maîtrise, gestion et usages d’une ressource naturelle dans une contrée du Nord-Ouest de l’Empire romain." Toulouse 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU20077.
Full textFor various topographical reasons (very different from those pertaining to the Mediterranean basin), the rôle of water in Roman society in the Breton peninsula has often been overlooked. Beginning with topic definition in its geographical and historical contexts, I survey in this thesis “received” versions of Roman water management from the perspective of recent advances in archaeological discovery and research. The variety of topics this approach unfolds includes what might be described as “emblematic” field sites – those important sites which show general as well as regional particularities according to the data distribution. Aware of issues which gesture towards future areas of study, this thesis offers a contribution to an understanding of socio-cultural work practice in Roman Breton and its integration within the wider Roman world
Shpuza, Saimir. "La romanisation de l'Illyrie meridionale et de l'Épire du Nord : IIè siècle avant notre ère, IIIè siècle de notre ère." Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA010546.
Full textPérissé-Valéro, Ingrid. "Les sanctuaires du territoire libanais (Monts Liban, Anti-Liban et Hermon) à l'époque romaine." Bordeaux 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR30031.
Full textThe abundance and the variety of sanctuaries on the Lebanese territory (coastal plain, Mount Lebanon, Beqaa valley, Mounts Anti-Liban and Hermon) in the imperial Roman time constitutes an importante question implying a specific knowledge of the places and the sources available, in order to have a general view of the phenomenon. By taking the archaeological documentation as working base, we established at first an inventory with all the information about the 102 sanctuaries. Then, we tried to determine the historic conditions of this religious establishment and to underline the visible reproduction of sanctuaries during the Roman Time as well as their tremendous influence in rural areas. The distribution of the buildings and their architectural characteristics were studied to recognize relationships, disparities and influences and to propose hypotheses of dating by crossing the data. The variety is important, every sanctuary had its own monumental character which resulted from several factors (geographic, historic and human). Our study is divided in five chapters : the first one presents the geographic distribution of sanctuaries and replaces so monuments in a more general frame. We speak about the report of sanctuaries with the surrounding communities and the notion of "hight place". The second chapter is the architectural analysis of the 102 listed sanctuaries (temenos, temples, altars, enclosures, towers, …) whereas the third chapter is an outline of the cults in Lebanon in the imperial time. In chapter 4, the fundamental question of the chronology of these sanctuaries is treated and the chapter 6, by way of lock, approachs the future of these places of cult at the end of the Antiquity
Bakhoum, Soheir. "Les themes isiaques a alexandrie sous les antonins : recherches numismatiques et historiques." Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040067.
Full textThe evidence provided by the imperial coins issued in alexandria's mint is essential for the study of the historical and religious life of the city. The antonine dynasty (96-192), the golden age of the roman empire, which was characterized by peace, prosperity, teritorial extension and the integration of the provinces into the empire, serves as our chronological framework. The religious life of this period in alexandria is marked by the syncretism of egyptian, greek and roman cults. As they appear on the isiac reverses, the cults express the complexity and the originality of the alexandrian second century. The study of the alexandrian mint, which was under roman administration, enables one to understand the modalities of roman rule in egypt, the themes usued in imperial propaganda, and the attachment of the alexandrians to their religious traditions
Bransbourg, Gilles. "Fiscalité et enjeux de pouvoir dans le monde romain." Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0002.
Full textWith a clear reference to long term Braudelian historical perspectives, that dissertation aims at an approach of ancient societies' economic history that is as dynamic as it is usually considered for modem societies. With a complete disregard for the classic primitivism -modernism controversy, it is analysing the progressive emergence of a political economy of the Roman State. A contribution-based system is replacing the predatory step at a scale in geographical, complexity and legislative terms never reached before and not to be met again before Modem Times. Getting a share of the fiscal surplus became the main factor behind the conflicts opposing the different ruling classes of Imperial Rome. It is thus essential to examine the interactions between armies, cities, central power, great landowners and eventually the churches. Since money played a more and more important role in mediating wealth circulation, monetary and taxation policies got intimately embedded together. This work leads to numerical and dynamic results regarding the evolution of monetary aggregates, taxation rates and imperial budget. Noticeably, comparing the two latter would imply that the Empire population was barely living at survival rate. This is quite opposite to our estimate of the overall degree of prosperity. In reality, provincial powers were able to capture a significant share of tax revenues, although our sources confuse tax levies and public spending. What is thus at stake is how that 'black matter' gets effectively shared between these different layers of powerful power classes and how it shapes the political conflicts of the Roman society
Sebaï, Bernard Meriem. "La vie religieuse dans les cités de Zeugitane (Ier-IVe siècle de notre ère)." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010710.
Full textVoyer, Martin. "CLASSICISME ET RÉSONANCES CONTEMPORAINES : UNE LECTURE DES DISCOURS LEUCTRIENS (OR. XI-XV) D'AELIUS ARISTIDE." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28150/28150.pdf.
Full textEvêque, Ralph. "Les transmissions du savoir juridique durant la période impériale romaine (27 avant J.C. - 565 après J.C.)." Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100136.
Full textIn our work, we will reflect on the first forms of legal education. He was born in Rome. Under the Republic, the law is not yet a technique monopolized by the power but is a matter of speculation. The apprentice is trained with a master. Teaching and jurisprudence are thus intimately linked and teaching is based on casuistry. Under the Empire, changes appeared. During the High-Empire (27 B. C. - 284 A. D.), we have no direct evidence of academic teaching of law. The law continues as under the Republic to be transmitted through practice or diluted in other curricula, especially in the teaching of rhetoric. However, indirect sources such as the presence of a didactic legal literature that appeared from the middle of the 2nd century onwards, lead us to believe that an academic teaching of law existed in the last two centuries of the Hight-Empire. However, it is a notable fact that there is still no formal and regular teaching of law. A rupture occurs during Late Antiquity (284 - 565). Several factors contribute to a revolution in law education. First, imperial absolutism, which leads to a hold of power over legal education. Second, the bureaucratic turn of events that the Empire is taking and the need for public servants that this entails. But again, the consequences of Caracalla's edict of 212, which extended Roman citizenship and opened up access to Roman law to all the provincials. All of these factors explain the development of schools providing academic education in law during the Late Antiquity
En nuestro trabajo, reflexionaremos sobre las primeras formas de educación jurídica. Nació en Roma. Bajo la República, la ley no es todavía una técnica monopolizada por el poder, sino que es una cuestión de especulación. El aprendiz está entrenado con un maestro. La enseñanza y la jurisprudencia están íntimamente ligadas y la enseñanza se basa en la casuística. Bajo el Imperio, aparecieron cambios. Durante el Alto-Imperio (27 a. C. - 284 d. C.), no tenemos evidencia directa de la enseñanza académica del derecho. El derecho continúa como en la República a ser transmitido a través de la práctica o diluido en otros currículos, especialmente en la enseñanza de la retórica. Sin embargo, fuentes indirectas como la presencia de una literatura jurídica didáctica que surgió a partir de mediados del siglo II, nos llevan a creer que en los dos últimos siglos del Imperio Superior existía una enseñanza académica del derecho. Sin embargo, es un hecho notable que todavía no existe una enseñanza formal y regular del derecho. Una ruptura ocurre durante la Antigüedad Tardía (284 - 565). Varios factores contribuyen a una revolución en la educación jurídica. En segundo lugar, el giro burocrático de los acontecimientos que está tomando el Imperio y la necesidad de funcionarios públicos que esto conlleva. Pero, una vez más, las consecuencias del edicto 212 de Caracalla, que amplió la ciudadanía romana y abrió el acceso al derecho romano a todos los provinciales. Todos estos factores explican el desarrollo de las escuelas que imparten educación académica en derecho durante la Antigüedad Tardía
Aune, François. "Recherches sur la politique orientale de l’empire romain tardif : Rome, le royaume de Grande Armenie et l’Iran Sassanide dans la seconde moitie du IVeme siecle ap. J.-C." Thesis, Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040168.
Full textAt an uncertain date in the 380's A.D. yet generally set in 387, Emperor Theodose, princeps since 379, officially abandons four fifths of Armenia to the benefit of the Sassanide Persian people. This had never happened before since for over four centuries, most his predecessors had managed to maintain the Caucasian kingdom into the Roman sphere of influence , or even to keep it neutral to a threatening -or considered as such - Iranian state. Now the presence of the Empire is limited to a narrow strip of land located along its oriental borders that stretches over from the eastern end of the Pontus to the northern end of Syria. The heart of the land and its most important regions from a historical and strategical point of view belong to the great opponent from the east. How can we explain this Roman quasi-withdrawal which lead to a situation that will last to the beginning of the 6th century – a period of time for an agreement between the two parties that had never been seen before in history ?Our study aims at answering this question, by identifying more particularly the beginnings of such a withdrawal policy from the second half of the 4th century
Lachapelle, David. "Recherche sur la logistique des armées romaines sous le Haut-Empire." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040175.
Full textThe roman armies of the republican era had reached a high degree of organization. With the coming of the Principate, the legions were sent on the frontiers of the empire, and their supplying had to be maintained during peacetime. This thesis tries to explain the logistical system of the roman armies under the Early Empire. To do so, the needs in food, materials and animals must be assessed. It is equally important to present the theories actually accepted, and to explain the basis on which they stand, in order to understand the biases which may have been introduced unconsciously. For the next part, the research focuses on two very different, yet complementary axes : firstly, the logistics in times of war, and secondly, the tax system. The question of the logistics in times of war, which includes the republican era, has been studied under three angles : individual supplying, supplying organized by the general, and the one organized from the capital. The understanding of these aspects is paramount to assess the importance each of those methods of supplying occupied in the bigger picture of the logistics. It will also allow to underline the circumstances surrounding some habits and the tendencies that emerge. The tax system, which is often studied too briefly by modern military historians, is however at the heart of the logistics in peacetime. Requisitions were reimbursed with tax money, the same is also true for purchases. The presence of a tax in kind could change our understanding of the system. A presentation of the organization that structured the logistics, and the infrastructures it used, follows
Galtier, Fabrice. "Tacite, historien et dramaturge : étude des schèmes et de la thématique tragiques dans les "Opera Maiora" de Tacite." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000CLF20024.
Full textHasegawa, Takashi. "Les commerçants et les transporteurs dans la société des provinces gauloises et germaniques de l'Empire Romain (Ier siècle avant n. è. - IIIè siècle de n. è.)." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BOR30065/document.
Full textWith my dissertation, I aim to examine the role and influence of merchants and transporters in the society of Gallic and Germanic provinces of the Early Roman Empire and the relationships between them and other social agents like local notables. Developing my previous researches about rapports between local élite and Gallic merchants as well as relationships among the latter, and broadening the scope of research, I intend to reply to following question: - How did those who were related to economic activities, including transporters and landowners, participate in trade? Certainly, we are aware of many studies on merchants in the northwestern provinces. However, we can make two remarks. On the one hand, certain scholars give particular importance to the issues related to traders as a social group rather than to relationships between different people, either relationships among merchants or those between them and other social agents. On the other hand, some researchers, who include the Gallic provinces in their scopes of research, seem to engage in discussions based on sources mainly from commercial centers like Ostia and Lyon. But one may wonder if it is always possible to generalize the results got at these important commercial hubs because of their singular character and their documentation. In this research situation and in the provincial context, my study aims to better understand the social nature and function of participants in commercial activities, but also the characteristics of the society of the northwest provinces. More specifically, while continuing to examine the relationships between skilled people and élite, I analyze the rapports among the skilled themselves. For this purpose, I study in detail inscriptions concerned with merchants or transporters in the provinces of Gaul and Germania, taking into account archaeological sources
Giudice, Alberto. "Le principat d'Hadrien : organisation de l'espace urbain et administration territoriale de l'Empire." Thesis, Mulhouse, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MULH9598/document.
Full textThis PhD dissertation explores the organization of the urban space and territorial administration during Hadrian's reign. The first part, Hadrian at the peak of power, is an introduction to the characteristics of Hadrian's Empire concerning the access to power of Trajan's successor, the propaganda and his ideology of power, the reform of the army and the new defense policy he activated. The second part, Hadrian, Rome and the cities in the West, contains the analysis of the administrative and editorial actions that Hadrian carried out in favor of the Vrbs and the cities located in Italy as well as in the west Provinces of the Empire. The third part, Hadrian, Athens and the cities in the East, encloses the analysis of the administrative and editorial actions that Hadrian carried out in favour of Athens and the cities located in the eastern provinces
Schilling, Maryse. "Rome et le prince dans les "Odes" d'Horace : construction d'une mythologie impériale romaine." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAC028/document.
Full textWith the accession of the princeps in 27 BC, begins in Rome the "Age of Augustus" - a period of political, but also cultural revolution. Authors and poets joined this collective thinking about the foundations of the City, its identity, its relationship with its princeps and its gods, the imperium of Augustus, and the ideals to offer to the new generation... This dissertation aims to analyse how the Latin poet Horace took part not only to the renewal of the poetic forms in Rome, but also to these reflections around the novus status. ln which way the archaic Greek lyric, that he tries to adapt to Rome in his Odes, as well as the Greek mythology, that he recreates to make them echo the challenges of the Principate, make it possible for Horace to conjure the privileged relation ship between Rome and its princeps?
N’Guyen-Van, Vincent. "Les guerres sévériennes en Orient (193-235)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01H082.
Full textFrom 193 to 235, Severan emperors lead several wars in the Near East. These wars included all the type of conflicts known to the Ancient world : civil wars, local rebellions, defensive wars against the barbarians, raids into ennemy territory and territorial conquest. This dissertation discuss the political aspects of these conflicts from a chronological and geopolitical standpoint. It is composed of an analytical narration of the Severan wars in the East and a prosopography of the political actors of the area. The action of the Severan dynasty in Syria and Mesopotamia was rooted in Roman imperialism and expanded the Empire’s territory to its maximum. In doing so, the Severans destroyed the geopolitical equilibrium that had, so far, insured a relative degree of peace between Rome and the Parthian Empire. The Arsacid dynasty failed to stop the growth of Roman influence in Mesopotamia, the rise of the Sassanid in 224-226 rekindled the Achemenid ambitions and threatened the power structures established by Septimius Severus in the Near East. But the Severan age is not the breaking point of the High Empire, nor is it merely a transition between the Antonine age and the 3rd century crisis. The military system the Severan put in place in the East was heavily influenced by the Augustean military system and yet managed to repell the first Persian attack against Rome