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Academic literature on the topic 'EPBs'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "EPBs"

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Wu, Kun, Jiyao Xu, Xinan Yue, Chao Xiong, Wenbin Wang, Wei Yuan, Chi Wang, Yajun Zhu, and Ji Luo. "Equatorial plasma bubbles developing around sunrise observed by an all-sky imager and global navigation satellite system network during storm time." Annales Geophysicae 38, no. 1 (February 5, 2020): 163–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-38-163-2020.

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Abstract. A large number of studies have shown that equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs) occur mainly after sunset, and they usually drift eastward. However, in this paper, an unusual EPB event was simultaneously observed by an all-sky imager and the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) network in southern China, during the recovery phase of a geomagnetic storm that happened on 6–8 November 2015. Observations from both techniques show that the EPBs appeared near dawn. Interestingly, the observational results show that the EPBs continued to develop after sunrise, and they disappeared about 1 h after sunrise. The development stage of EPBs lasted for at least about 3 h. To our knowledge, this is the first time that the evolution of EPBs developing around sunrise was observed by an all-sky imager and the GNSS network. Our observation showed that the EPBs drifted westward, which was different from the usual eastward drifts of post-sunset EPBs. The simulation from the Thermosphere–Ionosphere–Electrodynamics General Circulation Model (TIE-GCM) suggest that the westward drift of EPBs should be related to the enhanced westward winds at storm time. Besides this, bifurcation and merging processes of EPBs were observed by the all-sky imager in the event. Associated with the development of EPBs, an increase in the peak height of the ionospheric F region was also observed near sunrise, and we suggest the enhanced upward vertical plasma drift during the geomagnetic storm plays a major role in triggering the EPBs near sunrise.
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Bhattacharyya, Archana. "Equatorial Plasma Bubbles: A Review." Atmosphere 13, no. 10 (October 8, 2022): 1637. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13101637.

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The equatorial plasma bubble (EPB) phenomenon is an important component of space weather as the ionospheric irregularities that develop within EPBs can have major detrimental effects on the operation of satellite-based communication and navigation systems. Although the name suggests that EPBs occur in the equatorial ionosphere, the nature of the plasma instability that gives rise to EPBs is such that the bubbles may extend over a large part of the global ionosphere between geomagnetic latitudes of approximately ±15°. The scientific challenge continues to be to understand the day-to-day variability in the occurrence and characteristics of EPBs, such as their latitudinal extent and the development of irregularities within EPBs. In this paper, basic theoretical aspects of the plasma processes involved in the generation of EPBs, associated ionospheric irregularities, and observations of their characteristics using different techniques will be reviewed. Special focus will be given to observations of scintillations produced by the scattering of VHF and higher frequency radio waves while they propagate through ionospheric irregularities associated with EPBs, as these observations have revealed new information about the non-linear development of Rayleigh–Taylor instability in equatorial ionospheric plasma, which is the genesis of EPBs.
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Zhang, Xuehua, Leonard Ortolano, and Zhongmei Lü. "Agency Empowerment through the Administrative Litigation Law: Court Enforcement of Pollution Levies in Hubei Province." China Quarterly 202 (June 2010): 307–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741010000251.

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AbstractThe existing literature on China's 1989 Administrative Litigation Law (ALL) has rarely discussed a minor provision that permits administrative agencies to enlist court assistance in enforcing administrative decisions. Focusing on court enforcement of pollution levies, this study examines how and why ALL has been employed so extensively by administrative agencies, environmental protection bureaus (EPBs) in this context. The study is based on interviews with judges, EPB officials and polluters involved in court actions as well as court statistical data from 1992 to 2005 for Hubei province. EPBs' heavy reliance on court enforcement for collecting pollution levies and fines resulted from incentives that encouraged the formation of mutually beneficial relationships between courts and EPBs in the 1990s. Court involvement has enhanced EPBs' enforcement powers, but the courts' engagement in enforcement has neither curtailed EPBs' arbitrary exercise of discretionary power nor induced polluters to reduce waste discharges.
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Tang, Long, Osei-Poku Louis, Wu Chen, and Mingli Chen. "A ROTI-Aided Equatorial Plasma Bubbles Detection Method." Remote Sensing 13, no. 21 (October 29, 2021): 4356. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13214356.

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In this study, we present a Rate of Total Electron Content Index (ROTI)-aided equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs) detection method based on a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) ionospheric Total Electron Content (TEC). This technique seeks the EPBs occurrence time according to the ROTI values and then extracts the detrended ionospheric TEC series, which include EPBs signals using a low-order, partial polynomial fitting strategy. The EPBs over the Hong Kong area during the year of 2014 were detected using this technique. The results show that the temporal distribution and occurrence of EPBs over the Hong Kong area are consistent with that of previous reports, and most of the TEC depletion error is smaller than 1.5 TECU (average is 0.63 TECU), suggesting that the detection method is feasible and highly accurate. Furthermore, this technique can extract the TEC depletion series more effectively, especially for those with a long duration, compared to previous method.
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Kim, Na Young, Chakrabhavi Dhananjaya Mohan, Arunachalam Chinnathambi, Sulaiman Ali Alharbi, Gautam Sethi, Kanchugarakoppal S. Rangappa, and Kwang Seok Ahn. "Euphorbiasteroid Abrogates EGFR and Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Cells to Impart Anticancer Activity." Molecules 27, no. 12 (June 14, 2022): 3824. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27123824.

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EGFR and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways play a prominent role in tumor progression in various human cancers including non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Transactivation and crosstalk between the EGFR and Wnt/β-catenin pathways may contribute to the aggressiveness of cancers. Targeting these oncogenic pathways with small molecules is an attractive approach to counteract various types of cancers. In this study, we demonstrate the effect of euphorbiasteroid (EPBS) on the EGFR and Wnt/β-catenin pathways in NSCLC cells. EPBS induced preferential cytotoxicity toward A549 (wildtype EGFR-expressing) cells over PC-9 (mutant EGFR-expressing) cells. EPBS suppressed the expression of EGFR, Wnt3a, β-catenin, and FZD-1, and the reduction in β-catenin levels was found to be mediated through the activation of GSK-3β. EPBS reduced the phosphorylation of GSK-3βS9 with a parallel increase in β-TrCP and phosphorylation of GSK-3βY216. Lithium chloride treatment increased the phosphorylation of GSK-3βS9 and nuclear localization of β-catenin, whereas EPBS reverted these effects. Forced expression or depletion of EGFR in NSCLC cells increased or decreased the levels of Wnt3a, β-catenin, and FZD-1, respectively. Overall, EPBS abrogates EGFR and Wnt/β-catenin pathways to impart its anticancer activity in NSCLC cells.
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Blanch, Estefania, David Altadill, Jose Miguel Juan, Adriano Camps, José Barbosa, Guillermo González-Casado, Jaume Riba, Jaume Sanz, Gregori Vazquez, and Raúl Orús-Pérez. "Improved characterization and modeling of equatorial plasma depletions." Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate 8 (2018): A38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2018026.

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This manuscript presents a method to identify the occurrence of Equatorial Plasma Bubbles (EPBs) with data gathered from receivers of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). This method adapts a previously existing technique to detect Medium Scale Travelling Ionospheric Disturbances (MSTIDs), which focus on the 2nd time derivatives of total electron content estimated from GNSS signals (2DTEC). Results from this tool made possible to develop a comprehensive analysis of the characteristics of EPBs. Analyses of the probability of occurrence, effective time duration, depth of the depletion and total disturbance of the EPBs show their dependence on local time and season of the year at global scale within the latitude belt from 35°N to 35°S for the descending phase of solar cycle 23 and ascending phase of solar cycle 24, 2002–2014. These results made possible to build an EPBs model, bounded with the Solar Flux index, that simulates the probability of the number of EPBs and their characteristics expected for a representative day at given season and local time (LT). The model results provided insight into different important aspects: the maximum occurrence of bubbles take place near the equatorial anomaly crests, asymmetry between hemispheres and preferred longitudes with enhanced EPBs activity. Model output comparisons with independent observations confirmed its soundness.
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Khamdan, Siti Syukriah, Tajul Ariffin Musa, and Suhaila M. Buhari. "DETECTION OF EQUATORIAL PLASMA BUBBLES USING GPS IONOSPHERIC TOMOGRAPHY OVER PENINSULAR MALAYSIA." Journal of Information System and Technology Management 6, no. 24 (December 1, 2021): 152–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.35631/jistm.624016.

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This paper presents the detection of the equatorial plasma bubbles (EPB) using the Global Positioning System (GPS) ionospheric tomography method over Peninsular Malaysia. This paper aims to investigate the capability of the GPS ionospheric tomography method in detecting the variations of the EPB over the study area. In doing so, a previous case study during post-sunset 5th April 2011 has been selected as a reference for the detection of the EPBs over the study area. It has been observed that at least three structures of the EPBs have been captured based on the rate of change total electron content (TEC) index (ROTI) from 12 UT until 19 UT. Therefore, the three-dimensional ionospheric profiles have been reconstructed over Peninsular Malaysia using the tomography method during the study period in order to capture the signature of the EPBs. In this study, the detection of the EPBs using the tomography method is based on the rate of change of electron density (ROTNe). The results from three-dimensional ionospheric tomography show only two structures of EPBs are detected during the study period. It has been observed that the ROTNe depleted up to ~-12x109el/cm. Overall, the results in this study show that the GPS ionospheric tomography capable to be utilized in detecting the variations of EPBs in support of ionospheric studies and monitoring in the Malaysian region.
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Ma, Xin, Mengjie Wu, Peng Guo, and Jing Xu. "Airglow Observation and Statistical Analysis of Plasma Bubbles over China." Atmosphere 14, no. 2 (February 8, 2023): 341. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos14020341.

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Airglow observation is a very effective method to investigate plasma bubbles, and can obtain their horizontal structure. In this study, the image processing method was used to process airglow data, including image enhancement, azimuth correction, and image projection, and the clear image products of equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs) were obtained. Based on the optical data of the airglow imager in Hainan, we investigated the main optical features of EPBs, and statistically analyzed the occurrence of EPBs from September 2014 to August 2015. The observation results show that EPB exhibits plume-shaped structures, usually tilting westward, and EPB extends to a long distance along the geomagnetic field lines. It is found that the west wall of EPB is relatively stable, while there are some bifurcations on the east wall of EPB, and the bifurcation of EPB becomes more pronounced with time. Moreover, the spatial scale of EPB gradually increases with time, which is about several hundred kilometers, and the drift velocity of EPB is in the range of 40–130 m/s (+/−20 m/s). The statistical results show that EPBs mainly occur in the months of September to November and February to April, with a higher occurrence rate. In terms of seasonal occurrence, EPBs tend to appear more frequently in spring and autumn, and the occurrence rate of EPBs is relatively low in winter and summer.
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Barros, Diego, Hisao Takahashi, Cristiano M. Wrasse, and Cosme Alexandre O. B. Figueiredo. "Characteristics of equatorial plasma bubbles observed by TEC map based on ground-based GNSS receivers over South America." Annales Geophysicae 36, no. 1 (January 23, 2018): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-36-91-2018.

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Abstract. A ground-based network of GNSS receivers has been used to monitor equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs) by mapping the total electron content (TEC map). The large coverage of the TEC map allowed us to monitor several EPBs simultaneously and get characteristics of the dynamics, extension and longitudinal distributions of the EPBs from the onset time until their disappearance. These characteristics were obtained by using TEC map analysis and the keogram technique. TEC map databases analyzed were for the period between November 2012 and January 2016. The zonal drift velocities of the EPBs showed a clear latitudinal gradient varying from 123 m s−1 at the Equator to 65 m s−1 for 35∘ S latitude. Consequently, observed EPBs are inclined against the geomagnetic field lines. Both zonal drift velocity and the inclination of the EPBs were compared to the thermospheric neutral wind, which showed good agreement. Moreover, the large two-dimensional coverage of TEC maps allowed us to study periodic EPBs with a wide longitudinal distance. The averaged values observed for the inter-bubble distances also presented a clear latitudinal gradient varying from 920 km at the Equator to 640 km at 30∘ S. The latitudinal gradient in the inter-bubble distances seems to be related to the difference in the zonal drift velocity of the EPB from the Equator to middle latitudes and to the difference in the westward movement of the terminator. On several occasions, the distances reached more than 2000 km. Inter-bubble distances greater than 1000 km have not been reported in the literature. Keywords. Ionosphere (equatorial ionosphere; ionospheric irregularities) – meteorology and atmospheric dynamics (thermospheric dynamics)
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Park, J., H. Lühr, C. Stolle, M. Rother, K. W. Min, and I. Michaelis. "The characteristics of field-aligned currents associated with equatorial plasma bubbles as observed by the CHAMP satellite." Annales Geophysicae 27, no. 7 (July 7, 2009): 2685–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-27-2685-2009.

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Abstract. Field-aligned currents (FACs) generate magnetic deflections perpendicular to the ambient Earth magnetic field. We investigate the characteristics of FACs associated with equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs) as deduced from magnetic field measurements by the CHAMP satellite. Meridional magnetic deflections inside EPBs show a clear hemispheric anti-symmetry for events observed before 21:00 LT: inward in the Northern Hemisphere and outward in the Southern Hemisphere. When an eastward electric field is assumed the magnetic signature signifies a Poynting flux directed downward along the magnetic field lines. This means that FACs are driven by a high-altitude equatorial source. Such a scheme cannot be drawn as strictly from our observations after 22:00 LT, possibly because of a westward turning of the electric field inside EPBs and/or a decay of EPBs later at night. The perpendicular magnetic deflection is tilted by 40° from the magnetic meridional plane in westward direction, which implies that the depleted volume of EPBs, as well as the FAC structure, is tilted westward by 40° above the magnetic equator. The peak-to-peak amplitude of the FAC density is found to range typically between 0.1–0.5 μA/m2. The field-aligned sheet current density and the diamagnetic current strength show no correlation.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "EPBs"

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MARTINELLI, DANIELE. "Mechanical behaviour of conditioned material for EPBS tunnelling." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2647481.

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The rapid growth of the development of the cities all over the World, brought the necessity of bringing deeper the services and all the activities which are not strictly necessary above the ground like houses. This sudden demand of new tunnels obliged to push the excavation industry towards mechanized methods which allow to avoid settlements on the surface, where other structures and infrastructures are located. In this context EPB shield machines play a crucial role, as with a good control of this technology, a tunnel can be excavated basically everywhere, also below important structures. This implies the perfect knowledge of the geology but especially requires a precise study of the soil conditioning, in order to allow an effective counterpressure to the front. The development of preliminary laboratory tests, which means before the tunnel project starts, allows to assess the best conditioning set for each lithotype which can be encountered during the excavation. These tests are performed at room pressure, nevertheless recently the main goal is to study the conditioned mass at pressure conditions which can be found in an excavating chamber, which might influence the state of the mass itself. The aim of this work is the development of new techniques which can exactly reproduce this state, through the use and modification of techniques proper of the geotechnical engineering (shear and triaxial tests) and the design of new devices able to underline these aspects in detail. The new approach includes, as well as the consideration of a certain pressure condition, also the definition of an undrained condition used for testing, which allows to keep the conditioned mass in its original state for its study.
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ONATE, SALAZAR CRISTINA GABRIELA. "Influence of material conditioning on tools wear of EPBS machines using different laboratory test." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2707766.

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Underground construction in urban areas that need more efficient transportation systems, energy and water supplies is a very challenging task, due to the complexity of the work itself and because surface disturbances and subsidences require to be minimized. In order to face the challenge and allow the excavation of tunnels even with low overburdens, Earth Pressure Balance Shields (EPBS) technology has been increasingly used in the recent years. EPBS is a type of tunnel boring machine (TBM) with earth pressure support. By transforming the excavated material into a soft paste that has plastic properties to be used as support medium, it is possible to balance the pressure conditions at the tunnel face allowing minimum settlement. In addition, uncontrolled inflow of soil and water into the machine is avoided and tunnelling process becomes more effective. In order to better understand soil behaviour and improve the performance of the EPBS machine, two variables are studied: soil conditioning and tools wear. During excavation with EPB machines the correct soil conditioning is a very important parameter to be controlled. For this reason, it is critical to perform preliminary tests with different conditioning agents in order to determine the most suitable reference dosage for an excavation project. Currently, soil conditioning is evaluated by performing slump tests and plasticity and homogeneity checks of the dough at laboratory scale. There is also the Extraction Test used to evaluate material extraction that is one of the most realistic tests to know the behaviour that soil could develop during excavation process. On the other hand, a very important but still less studied variable is the wear of EPBS metal parts like excavation tools, rotating head, shield and screw conveyor. Wear leads to a reduction in working yield due to the mentioned machine components lose their optimum properties and have to be replaced; consequently, downtime is required in order to execute proper maintenance, which is difficult and dangerous. Many aspects play key roles in the wear process like excavated medium, water content, applied pressure, soil conditioning and type of metal used for machine tools manufacturing. In fact, rocks and soil excavated during EPB work can be composed from any kind of minerals. Hard minerals increase the wear phenomenon that concerns all parts of the machine where there is friction between metallic part and the medium. For this reason, study of wear phenomenon is an extremely important issue for new projects with EPB excavation technology. Therefore, the objective of this work is to study of the influence of soil conditioning on tools wear and the relationship of the main factors associated to this phenomenon. In order to accomplish this goal, about 26150 kg of different soils were studied using 4 different wear test methods. These tests were based on the application of a test methodology already used in the Tunnels and Underground Works Laboratory of Politecnico di Torino and other new methodologies and equipment, developed with the aim of deepening the study of wear taking into account several variables that concern the construction of tunnels. Each methodology implemented has different benefits, limitations and scopes, but provides congruent technical results. Finally, prediction indexes were proposed in order to evaluate tool wear phenomenon and compare the effects of different soil conditioning. As a result, better decisions are made when choosing the ideal conditioning for EPB tunnelling, maximizing projects effectiveness and success.
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Ruiz, Caballero Agustí. "Evolución de diversos parámetros fisiológicos y valoración de las medidas preventivas, y de respuesta en emergencias en condiciones hiperbáricas, implementadas en trabajadores de tuneladoras de gran diámetro EPBS (earth pressure balance)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670100.

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Introducció La creixent utilització de tuneladores de gran diàmetre EPBs (Earth Pressure Balance), ha comportat l'aparició de nous riscos i dificultats per als serveis d'emergències, que haurien de conèixer amb detall i disposar de procediments d'intervenció específics. Les tuneladores EPBs es caracteritzen per treballar mantenint el front d'excavació pressuritzat per a evitar despreniments al cap de tall. Aquestes condicions hiperbàriques en la zona de treball comporten una dificultat afegida a les ja existents en els treballs de manteniment i recanvi de les eines de tall: temperatura i humitat ambiental elevades, treballs d'alçada (10 -12 m. aprox.), manipulació d'eines pesades que precisen d'instal·lacions de suport, perill de despreniments, etc. Es requereix de personal acreditat, qualificat i format adequadament per a cicles controlats de compressió, treball i descompressió. Segons la normativa actual a Espanya es precisa de l'acreditació de cabussador professional per a poder treballar en condicions hiperbàriques. Les empreses constructores han d'articular importants mesures de seguretat i comptar, entre altres, amb la presència d'un Servei Preventiu d'Assistència Sanitària Immediata capaç de poder resoldre amb eficàcia i eficiència un accident en aquest àmbit tant complex fins a l'arribada dels serveis d'emergències. El personal sanitari i de rescat ha de disposar d'un perfil clarament prehospitalari amb experiència i formació específiques en medicina hiperbàrica i d'emergències degudament acreditades. Objectius Avaluar les mesures preventives proposades i implementades pel IEM amb el suport d'empreses del busseig professional i dels serveis preventius de la UTE Túnel Sabadell. Objectius específics Descriure les condicions fisiològiques dels treballadors prèvies i posteriors a la intervenció hiperbàrica. Valorar l'evolució dels seus paràmetres fisiològics. Generar una guia de prevenció i seguretat per als treballs en tuneladores EPBs Materials i mètodes La població objecte de l'estudi van ser 60 cabussadors professionals que treballaven en condicions hiperbàriques. La població de control, 30 mecànics de la tuneladora, que treballaven en condicions normobáriques. Com a lloc i temps de l'estudi es va determinar que fora durant les obres de construcció del túnel del metro de Sabadell. Com a mesures preventives i de control es van implementar les que van ser elaborades “ad hoc” i van ser especificades en el Pla d'Emergències de la UTE Túnel Sabadell. Les variables d'estudi que es van determinar, i que van ser preses a peu de tuneladora, van ser: Pressió arterial (PA), Freqüència cardíaca (FC), Freqüència respiratòria (FR), Temperatura (Temp °C), Saturació d'oxigen (SpO2), Carboxihemoglobina (SpCO) i la Metahemoglobina (SpMet). Resultats El grup control té una mitjana d'edat de 38,5 anys amb una desviació estàndard (DE) de 7,3 anys, amb un mínim de 26 i un màxim de 54. El grup de treball hiperbàric té una mitjana d'edat de 32,3 anys i una DE de 6,7 anys, amb un mínim de 21 i un màxim de 51. La diferència de la mitjana d'edat 6,2 anys entre els treballadors és significativa amb

Introducción. La creciente utilización de tuneladoras de gran diámetro EPBs (Earth Pressure Balance), ha comportado la aparición de nuevos riesgos y dificultades para los servicios de emergencias, que deberían conocerlos con detalle y disponer de procedimientos de intervención específicos. Las tuneladoras EPBs se caracterizan por trabajar manteniendo el frente de excavación presurizado para evitar desprendimientos en la cabeza de corte. Estas condiciones hiperbáricas en la zona de trabajo comportan una dificultad añadida a las ya existentes en los trabajos de mantenimiento y recambio de las herramientas de corte: temperatura y humedad ambiente elevadas, trabajos de altura (10 -12 m. aprox.), manipulación de herramientas pesadas que precisan de instalaciones de soporte, peligro de desprendimientos, etc. Se requiere de personal acreditado, cualificado y formado adecuadamente para ciclos controlados de compresión, trabajo y descompresión. Según la normativa actual en España se precisa de la acreditación de buzo profesional para poder trabajar en condiciones hiperbáricas. Las empresas constructoras deben articular importantes medidas de seguridad y contar, entre otras, con la presencia de un Servicio Preventivo de Asistencia Sanitaria Inmediata capaz de poder resolver con eficacia y eficiencia un accidente en este complejo ámbito hasta la llegada de los servicios de emergencias. El personal sanitario y de rescate debe disponer de un perfil claramente prehospitalario con experiencia y formación específicas en medicina hiperbárica y de emergencias debidamente acreditadas. Objetivos Evaluar las medidas preventivas propuestas e implementadas por el IEM con el soporte de empresas del buceo profesional y de los servicios preventivos de la UTE Túnel Sabadell. Objetivos específicos Describir las condiciones fisiológicas de los trabajadores previas y posteriores a la intervención hiperbárica Valorar la evolución de sus parámetros fisiológicos. Generar una guía de prevención y seguridad para los trabajos en tuneladoras EPBs Materiales y métodos La población objeto del estudio fueron 60 buzos profesionales que trabajaban en condiciones hiperbáricas La población de control, 30 mecánicos de la tuneladora, que trabajaban en condiciones normobáricas. Como lugar y tiempo del estudio se determinó que fuera durante las obras de construcción del túnel del metro de Sabadell. Como medidas preventivas y de control se implementaron las que fueron elaboradas “ad-hoc” y fueron especificadas en el Plan de Emergencias de la UTE Túnel Sabadell. Las variables de estudio que se determinaron, y que fueron tomadas a pie de tuneladora, fueron: Presión arterial (PA), Frecuencia cardíaca (FC), Frecuencia respiratoria (FR), Temperatura (Temp °C), Saturación de oxígeno (SpO2), Carboxihemoglobina (SpCO) y la Metahemoglobina (SpMet). Resultados El grupo control tiene una media de edad de 38,5 años con una desviación estándar (DE) de 7,3 años, con un mínimo de 26 y un máximo de 54. El grupo de trabajo hiperbárico tiene una media de edad de 32,3 años y una DE de 6,7 años, con un mínimo de 21 y un máximo de 51. La diferencia de la media de edad 6,2 años entre los trabajadores es significativa con p<0,001. El grupo control ha efectuado 98 entradas, con una media de 3,2 y una DE de 2,8. El grupo hiperbárico tiene 366 entradas con una media de 6,1 y una DE de 4,6. La diferencia de media de entradas por trabajador es significativa con p<0,05. El tiempo en el fondo (TF) del personal a presión es de una media de 147 minutos y una DE 35,3. En los trabajadores normobáricos el TF es de 189 minutos y una DE de 93. El tiempo de descompresión tiene una media de 18 minutos con una DE de 6,4 minutos habiendo realizado un número de paradas de media 185 y de 0,6 minutos Los trabajadores hiperbáricos han trabajado a una presión relativa media de 1,1 bars con una DE de 0,25 bars. Conclusiones Todos los trabajadores hiperbáricos presentaron unas condiciones fisiológicas adecuadas previas a la intervención. A su salida presentaron todos los buceadores un perfil fisiológico de normalidad. No se encontraron diferencias, ni estadísticas ni fisiológicas, significativas entre grupo estudio y control en ninguno de los parámetros valorados. La falta de accidentes y/o incidentes mínimamente destacables permiten concluir que el conjunto de medidas preventivas propuestas e implementadas por el IEM, con el soporte de empresas del buceo profesional y de los servicios preventivos de la UTE Túnel Sabadell, fueron acertadas. La respuesta en urgencias y emergencias, y evidentemente en las tuneladoras EPBs, requiere de personal altamente cualificado y preparado para trabajar de forma integral y coordinada con el resto de los cuerpos operativos. La prevención, la seguridad y una respuesta eficiente en emergencias es responsabilidad de todos.
Introduction Growing use of EPBs (Earth pressure balance) high diameter tunneling machines has incurred the appearance of new risks and difficulties for the emergency services, that should know in detail and have specific intervention proceedings. EPBs tunneling machines are characterized for the maintenance of the pressurized excavation front to avoid rockfall. These hyperbaric conditions in the working area entail an additional difficulty to the already existing in the maintenance work and replacement of the cutting tools: elevated temperature and environmental humidity, height jobs (10 – 12 m approximately), heavy tool manipulation that require support installations, rock fall danger, etc. Accredited, qualified and formed personnel is required for controlled cycles of compression, work and decompression. According to the actual regulation in Spain, the professional diver accreditation is required to be able to work in hyperbaric conditions. Constructor enterprises have to articulate important security measures and count, among others, with the presence of a Preventive Service of Immediate Sanitary Assistance able to efficiently and effectively solve an accident in this complex environment until the emergency services arrival. The sanitary and rescue personnel must have a clear prehospitalary profile with experience and formation in hyperbaric medicine and emergencies correctly accredited. Objectives To evaluate the preventive measures proposed and implemented by the IEM with the support of professional diving enterprises and the preventive services of the UTE Túnel Sabadell. Specific objectives To describe the physiological conditions of workers previous and posterior to the hyperbaric intervention. To evaluate the evolution of their physiological parameters. To generate a guide of prevention and security to the workers in EPBs tunneling machines. Materials and methods Study population was formed by 60 professional divers who worked in hyperbaric conditions. Control population was formed by 30 mechanics of the tunneling machine who worked in normobaric conditions. Place and time of the study were determined to be during the construction process of the Sabadell underground. Preventive and control measures were elaborated and implemented “ad hoc” and specified in the Emergency Plan of the UTE Túnel Sabadell. Studied variables were determined and measured near the tunneling machine were: arterial pressure, cardiac frequency, respiratory frequency, temperature, oxygen saturation, carboxyhemoglobin and metahemoglobin. Results Control group has a mean age of 38.5 years with a standard deviation (SD) of 7.3 years, a minimum of 26 and a maximum of 54. Hyperbaric work group has a mean age of 32.3 years, with a SD of 6.7 years, a minimum of 21 and a maximum of 51. The different mean age of 6.2 years between workers is significant with p<0.001. Control group has performed 98 entries, with a mean of 3.2 and a SD of 2.8. Hyperbaric group has 366 entries, with a mean of 6.1 and a SD of 4.6. Difference between entry means per worker is significant with p<0.05. Time in the tunnel (TT) of pressure working personnel is a mean of 147 minutes with a SD of 35.3. In normobaric workers the TT is of 189 minutes with a SD of 93. Decompression time has a mean of 18 minutes with a SD of 6.4 minutes having performed a mean stop number of 185 and of 0.6 minutes. Hyperbaric workers have worked at a relative mean pressure of 1.1 bars with a SD of 0.25 bars. Conclusions All hyperbaric workers showed adequate physiological conditions prior to the intervention. After leaving the tunnel, all divers had a normal physiological profile. No differences, nor statistical or physiological, significant differences were found between the study group and the control group in any of the parameters assessed. The lack of remarkable accidents and / or incidents allowed us to conclude that the set of the preventive measures proposed and implemented by the IEM and supported by companies of the professional diving and the preventive services of the UTE Tunnel Sabadell, were adequate. The response in emergencies and obviously in the EPB tunneling machines, requires highly qualified personnel to work in a comprehensive and coordinated way with the other operating groups. Prevention, security and an efficient response in emergencies is the responsibility of everyone.

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Sprinkle, Jim. "Understanding EPDs." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/144712.

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Currently, most registered bulls have information available from their own performance records, progeny, or relatives, which enable us to predict the performance of future offspring for various traits. An expected progeny difference or EPD is the difference in some trait which one can expect when compared to other animals of the same breed. This publication explains in detail the process of using EPDs to predict the performance of future offspring of a bull.
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Brauer, G., M. Jungmann, E. Altstadt, M. Werner, R. Krause-Rehberg, A. Rogov, and K. Noack. "Thermal Analysis of EPOS components." Forschungszentrum Dresden, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:d120-qucosa-27950.

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We present a simulation study of the thermal behaviour of essential parts of the electron-positron converter of the positron source EPOS at the Research Center Dresden-Rossendorf. The positron moderator foil and the upper tube element of the electrostatic extraction einzellens are directly exposed to the primary electron beam (40 MeV, 40 kW). Thus, it was necessary to prove by sophisticated simulations that the construction can stand the evolving temperatures. It was found that thin moderator foils (< 20...40 µm) will not show a too strong heating. Moreover, the temperature can be varied in a wide range by choosing an appropriate thickness. Thus, the radiation-induced lattice defects can at least partly be annealed during operation. The wall of the extraction lens which is made from a stainless steel tube must be distinctly thinned to avoid damage temperatures. The simulations were performed time dependent. We found that the critical parts reach their final temperature after less than a minute.
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Brauer, G., M. Jungmann, E. Altstadt, M. Werner, R. Krause-Rehberg, A. Rogov, and K. Noack. "Thermal Analysis of EPOS components." Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 2008. https://hzdr.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A21622.

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We present a simulation study of the thermal behaviour of essential parts of the electron-positron converter of the positron source EPOS at the Research Center Dresden-Rossendorf. The positron moderator foil and the upper tube element of the electrostatic extraction einzellens are directly exposed to the primary electron beam (40 MeV, 40 kW). Thus, it was necessary to prove by sophisticated simulations that the construction can stand the evolving temperatures. It was found that thin moderator foils (< 20...40 µm) will not show a too strong heating. Moreover, the temperature can be varied in a wide range by choosing an appropriate thickness. Thus, the radiation-induced lattice defects can at least partly be annealed during operation. The wall of the extraction lens which is made from a stainless steel tube must be distinctly thinned to avoid damage temperatures. The simulations were performed time dependent. We found that the critical parts reach their final temperature after less than a minute.
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Polyvyanyy, Artem, Sergey Smirnov, and Matthias Weske. "Reducing the complexity of large EPCs." Universität Potsdam, 2008. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2009/3295/.

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Malmborg, Helena Von. "Jämförelse av Epos och nätverks-DGPS." Thesis, KTH, Geodesi och satellitpositionering, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-199848.

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Syftet med detta examensarbete är att jämföra prestandan för Epos-DGPS-tjänst från Cartesiaoch Lantmäteriets prototyptjänst av nätverks-DGPS. Examensarbetet innefattar äventvå mindre undersökningar beträffande lämplig mätmetodik för nätverks-DGPS samt jämförelseav nätverks-DGPS med motsvarande tjänst i Norge.Epos-tjänsten bygger på envägskommunikation, där korrektioner från närmaste referensstationsänds ut via RDS-kanalen på P4 till rovern, medan nätverks-DGPS bygger på VRStekniken,där korrektionerna beräknas specifikt för roverns position utifrån ett nätverk avreferensstationer.Insamlingen av mätdata har gjorts enligt Lantmäteriets standard, vilket innebär mätningunder sämsta förhållande beträffande baslinje till referensstationer, men under optimalasiktförhållanden. Mätningar har utförts simultant med de båda tjänsterna och med likadanainstrument. Undersökningen visar tydliga skillnader mellan tjänsternas prestanda både iplan och höjd. Största avvikelse för 95 % av mätningarna är för nätverks-DGPS mellan entredjedel till hälften så stora i plan och två tredjedelar så stora i höjd som för Epos. I planuppvisar dock mätningarna med Epos en systematisk avvikelse.Lämplig mätmetodik för nätverks-DGPS har undersökts beträffande den tid från det attkorrektioner börjar tas emot till dess att mätning bör påbörjas, samt hur lång tid en mätningbör pågå. Undersökningen har gjorts genom loggning av positionsdata, där avvikelser,horisontal och vertikal precision samt signal/brusförhållandet har granskats. Undersökningenhar inte gett några bevis att en väntetid behövs före mätning eller att mättiden haren effekt på resultatet vid mätning under goda siktförhållanden.Jämförelse av den svenska nätverks-DGPS-tjänsten med den norska bygger på positionsdataloggad under längre tidsperioder. Undersökningen visar att systemen fungerar förhållandevislika.
The purpose of this thesis is to compare the performance of the Epos DGPS service providedby Cartesia and network DGPS, a prototype service from Lantmäteriet. The thesisalso consists of two smaller investigations on a suitable methodology for network DGPSmeasurements and a comparison of network DGPS with its corresponding service in Norway.The Epos service is based on a one way communication, where the corrections are sent tothe rover from the closest reference station through the RDS Channel on P4. NetworkDGPS is built on the VRS technique, where the corrections are calculated for the specificposition of the rover based on a network of reference stations.The collection of data is made according to the standard of Lantmäteriet, hence the measurementsare made with an optimal view to the satellites and under the worst conditionsregarding the baselines to the reference stations. The measurements of the two services aremade simultaneous and with identical instruments. The investigation shows clear differencesin the performance of the two services considering both horizontal and verticalmeasurements. The largest deviation from the "true value" for 95 % of the measurementsis for network DGPS between one third to half as large in plane and two third as large inheight measurement as for Epos. The measurements in plane show however a systematicdeviation.A suitable methodology for network DGPS measurements has been investigated where thetime from that the instrument start to receive corrections to that a measurement should bestarted and the duration of the measurements are looked into.It focuses on collection of position data, where the deviations in plane and height, thehorizontal and vertical precision and the signal to noise ratio has been studied. The investigationhas not shown that a certain waiting time is needed before the measurements areinitiated or that the measuring time has an effect on the result under clear view conditions.The comparison of the Swedish Network DGPS service and the Norwegian service is builton series of position data collected during a long period of time. The investigation showsthat the two systems work quite similar.
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Bhattacharyya, Shounak, and Suraj Sivaramakrishnan. "Parameter Optimisation of EPAS Using CAE." Thesis, KTH, Fordonsdynamik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-261170.

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To keep up with technological as well as logistical challenges of the modern automobile market, major car manufacturing firms have resorted to virtual simulation tools. This enables the development as well as validation of vehicular models much before resources are invested into a new physical prototype.This project focuses on the development of a tool that would help in optimising the handling parameters of a vehicle. This is achieved by creating an optimization routine for tuning the various parameters of the Electronic Power Steering (EPAS). This process is usually done manually, by on-track testing, due to the difficulties in correlating Subjective Assessments (SA) with Objective Metrics (OM). Automating this process would help to reduce the overall research and development time, by providing a baseline tune for the EPAS parameters which could then be finely tweaked by manual track testing.The tool is built by interfacing various software in a multi-objective optimisation environment known as ModeFrontier. The modelling and simulations are performed in IPG CarMaker, with the post processing of the results taken care of by Sympathy for Data. Multiple optimization algorithms were tested to achieve the best optimisation routine. The EPAS parameters, namely the Basic Steering Torque, Active Return and Active Damping, act as the input to the optimization routine. The outputs of the model are the Objective Metrics, which provide a clear indication of the dynamic performance of a component. These metrics are optimized to _t the Steering DNA structure, which uniquely describes the attributes of a vehicle. The final optimised vehicle is manually tested at the track, to determine the real driving feel.
För att upprätthålla ett positivt momentum i såväl tekniska som logistiska utmaningar på dagens bilmarknad har stora biltillverkare börjat använda sig av virtuella simuleringsverktyg. Dessa verktyg möjliggör utveckling av diverse fordonsmodeller långt innan resurser investeras i en fysisk prototyp. Detta projekt fokuserar på utvecklingen av ett verktyg som potentiellt kan hjälpa att optimera dynamiska beteendeparametrar för ett fordon. Detta uppnås genom att skapa en optimeringsrutin för att ställa in de olika parametrarna för den elektroniska servostyrningen (EPAS). Denna process görs vanligtvis manuellt, genom test på provbana, på grund avsvårigheterna att korrelera subjektiva bedömningar (SA) med objektiva mätetal (OM). Att automatisera denna process kan bidra till att minska den övergripande forsknings- och utvecklingstiden genom att tillhandahålla en baslinje för EPAS-parametrarna som i efterhand kan finjusteras genom manuell justering på provbana. Verktyget är byggt genom att ansluta olika program i en optimeringsmiljö som kallas ModeFrontier. Modellering och simuleringar utförs i IPG CarMaker, med efterbehandling av resultaten i Sympathy for Data. Flera optimeringsalgoritmer testades för att uppnå bästa optimeringsrutinen. EPAS-parametrarna består av det grundläggande styrmomentet, aktiv retur och aktiv dämpning, och fungerar som invärden till optimeringsrutinen där utvärdera från modellen är objektiva mätetalen, vilket ger en tydlig indikation på den dynamiska prestandan hos en komponent. Dessa mätvärden optimeras för att passa Steering DNA-strukturen, som unikt beskriver egenskaperna hos ett fordon. Det slutliga optimerade fordonet testas manuellt på provbana för att bestämma den verkliga körkänslan.
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Gonçález, Fernán López Guil Itzíar. "Libro de Fernán Gonçález /." Madrid : Ed. Biblioteca Nueva, 2001. http://www.gbv.de/dms/sub-hamburg/352819693.pdf.

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Books on the topic "EPBs"

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Gupta, Smita. Expected performance based incentive calculation comparison between NSHP (EPBI) and CSI (EPBB) calculators. [Sacramento, Calif.]: California Energy Commission, 2007.

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Hürter, Johannes, and Jürgen Zarusky, eds. Epos Zeitgeschichte. München: R. Oldenbourg Verlag, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1524/9783486702750.

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Epos europejski. Wrocław: Wydawn. Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego, 2001.

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Atlantida: Epos. Zagreb: Znanje, 1988.

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Kravtsov, N. I. Serbokhorvatskii epos. Moskva: Nauka, 1985.

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Atlantida: Epos. Novi Sad: Solaris, 2006.

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Trilogie: Epos - Drama - Epos : Festschrift für Herbert Bannert. Wien: Praesens Verlag, 2016.

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Skaza, Jožef. Epis: Pravopisni priročnik. Dobrna: Eknjiga, 2000.

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Ivanova, Radost. Epos, obred, mit. Sofii͡a︡: Izd-vo na Bŭlgarskata akademii͡a︡ na naukite, 1992.

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Karalaev, S., A. Zhaĭnakova, Teodor Gert︠s︡en, and A. Akmataliev. Manas: Baatyrdyk epos. Bishkek: Turar, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "EPBs"

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Lin, Xingtao, Yuan Liu, Xin Kang, Jun Chen, and Renpeng Chen. "Numerical Simulation on the Development of Soil Arching Induced by EPBS Tunnelling." In Springer Series in Geomechanics and Geoengineering, 575–82. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6632-0_44.

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Berthoz, N., D. Branque, and D. Subrin. "Improving the Understanding of Tunnel Excavation Under Pressure Using a Small-Scale EPBS Model." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 905–13. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6713-6_90.

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Mendling, Jan. "EPCs." In Modern Business Process Automation, 369–83. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03121-2_14.

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Sutherland, John. "Epos." In 50 Schlüsselideen Literatur, 32–35. Heidelberg: Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8274-2900-1_9.

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Lazzarotti, Marco. "Epos." In Place, Alterity, and Narration in a Taiwanese Catholic Village, 75–100. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43461-8_4.

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Michelsen, Ottar, Christofer Skaar, and Annik Magerholm Fet. "From Waste to Value: A Story About Life Cycle Management in the Furniture Industry." In Business Transitions: A Path to Sustainability, 145–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22245-0_14.

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AbstractThis case focuses on the use of the CapSEM Model by the Norwegian furniture industry, beginning with efforts that raised sustainability awareness through a series of case studies over a period of more than 10 years. It started with a Cleaner Production (CP) programme for a group of furniture companies in a small community. The goal for another case study running in parallel with the CP-project, was to define a common set of Environmental Performance Indicators (EPIs) for reporting purposes for both the companies and the municipality to reduce waste and improve its treatment according to circular principles. While CP is at Level 1, EPIs and reporting is on level 3 and 4 in the CapSEM Model. In the furniture sector, the CP-programme led to capacity building by integrating Level 2 methods such as Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) into their daily work processes. LCA was used for product improvements based on hot spots detected through the analyses, and also to generate Environmental Performance Declarations (EPDs) for products. The implementation of these new procedures was integrated into the organisation’s strategic work through certified Environmental Management System (EMS). In addition to a demonstration of a gradual shift from Levels 1, 2 and 3, the case also describes the benefits of building cooperative communities (Level 4) that include sectoral, regional, and academic participants. The Level 4 activities were originally initiated by a Norwegian Local Agenda 21 programme.
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Pongratz-Leisten, Beate. "Gilgamesch-Epos." In Kindlers Literatur Lexikon (KLL), 1–2. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-05728-0_22774-1.

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Pongratz-Leisten, Beate. "Gilgamesch-Epos." In Kindler Kompakt: Reiseliteratur, 31–33. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-04508-9_1.

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Ellenbroek, Bart, Alfonso Abizaid, Shimon Amir, Martina de Zwaan, Sarah Parylak, Pietro Cottone, Eric P. Zorrilla, et al. "EPS." In Encyclopedia of Psychopharmacology, 489. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68706-1_4238.

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Gooch, Jan W. "EPS." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 272. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_4479.

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Conference papers on the topic "EPBs"

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"EPBs Reading in Experiential Philosophy." In 2018 4th International Conference on Education & Training, Management and Humanities Science. Clausius Scientific Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.23977/etmhs.2018.29054.

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Gu, Yitong, Wancheng Yuan, and Xinzhi Dang. "Test and Numerical Study on the Seismic Performance of A Cable Restrainer for Girder Bridges." In IABSE Congress, New York, New York 2019: The Evolving Metropolis. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newyork.2019.1696.

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<p>In China, most of the support systems applied by short/medium span bridges are elastomeric pad bearings (EPBs). This type of support system has no reliable connections between bearings and girders as well as bearings and piers, which will cause structural damages due to large lateral displacement of bearings under earthquakes. The restrainers used currently could restrict the deformation of bridges under normal service conditions and could only restrict unidirectional displacement. Considering the disadvantages of these restrainers, a new restrainer called Connected Cable Restrainer (CCR), which can be used in short/medium span bridges supported by EPBs, is developed in this paper. The design principle, basic configuration, isolation mechanism and the design method of CCR are introduced. A pseudo static test to study the seismic performance of CCR is conducted. Seismic responses of a 3-span continuous girder bridge with CCR are simulated using OpenSees platform and parametric analyses of the two main parameters, lateral restraining displacement and restraining stiffness, are also carried out. Results show that the deformation of bridges under normal service conditions would not be restrained using CCR and the displacement responses can be mitigated effectively by using CCR through parameter optimization.</p>
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Wei, Qinqi, Pengan Xiao, Hongtao Ma, and Xi Chen. "Design and Implement of an Equilibrium-parameter Based Anti-sinking Assistant Decision System (EPBS)." In International Conference on Computer Applications in Shipbuilding. RINA, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3940/rina.iccas.2009.43.

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Wen, Jiyan. "EPBS Tunnel Construction in Soft Soil and Fractured Formation: A Case Study of LanZhou Subway Line 1." In International Conference on Pipelines and Trenchless Technology 2014. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784413821.084.

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Gupta, Deeksha, Edita Bajramovic, Mithil Parekh, and Karl Waedt. "Cyber Threat Scenarios for Electrical Systems of Nuclear Power Plants." In 2018 26th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone26-82411.

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The function of Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs) is to produce electricity. However, in order to do that electrical power is also required for the house load for operation and to keep the safety of the plant intact. The Electrical Power Systems (EPSs) are specially designed both for normal plant operation and for particular conditions other than normal operation. In this way, NPP safety is maintained and continuousness of electrical power supplies is available despite temporary interruptions or flows through regular operation and post-shutdown. The power for a plant comes from different and reliable power sources that are physically and electrically isolated. The overall EPSs design intends to assure that any single failure or malfunction will affect only a single source of power supply and the other alternative sources should not be affected. Despite the separation between electrical power sources, malicious cyberattacks [IAEA NSS 8] might disrupt the power flow and interrupt the normal operation of a NPP [IAEA NSS 17]. Therefore, to intact the nuclear safety and security of a nuclear power plant, it is very important to incorporate cybersecurity considerations into the EPS design and implementation. Particularly, threat scenarios for EPS should be developed and evaluated before a cyberattack occurs. This will help to identify possible vulnerabilities, their impact and consequences that we want to prevent. The classification of attacks and the modelling of attacks on critical infrastructure are already described in [1] as part of our SMARTEST R&D project. Here, in this paper, we are describing examples of cyber threat scenarios for the EPSs and EPS interfaces. These are necessary with regard to specifying the anticipated security impact to a physical process controlled by the Instrumentation and Control (I&C). This serves as an input for the security analysis and the closed loop virtual validation via simulation and Fault Tree Analysis (FTA).
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Xu, Lei, Lin Chen, Zhimin Gao, Shouhuai Xu, and Weidong Shi. "EPBC." In Middleware '17: 18th International Middleware Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3152824.3152825.

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Mendling, Jan, Jan Recker, Michael Rosemann, and Wil van der Aalst. "Generating correct EPCs from configured C-EPCs." In the 2006 ACM symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1141277.1141629.

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Ankeny, Randall F., and Robert M. Nerem. "Shear Stress Effects on the Inflammation and Thrombogenic State of Baboon Endothelial Outgrowth Cells." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53126.

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Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are believed to play an important role in the injury response of the human vasculature. Sudies have shown how EPCs are activated and play roles in tumor and hindlimb ischemia nevascularization[1,2]. Furthermore, EPCs are increased after surgical procedures and localized to vascular grafts and denuded arteries[2,3]. EPCs have also garnered immense interest in the field of tissue engineering due to their ease of isolation and their high prolifierative rate[2].
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Rangelov, Milena, Heather Dylla, and Nadarajah Sivaneswaran. "Using environmental product declarations for green public procurement and life cycle assessment of concrete pavements." In 12th International Conference on Concrete Pavements. International Society for Concrete Pavements, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33593/8ziapl8i.

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Environmental impacts of concrete production have been evaluated for more than a decade. As a result, a national program for environmental product declarations (EPDs) of concrete has been initiated. The main objective of this paper is to analyze concrete EPDs produced to date and evaluate their applicability for green public procurement (GPP) and life-cycle assessment (LCA) of concrete pavements. EPDs provide transparent and verified quantification of environmental impacts, calculated per predetermined guidelines, known as Product Category Rules (PCRs). PCRs for concrete were developed through involvement of stakeholders from the building industry; therefore, these PCRs may not be fully applicable to paving concrete. The analysis included over 70 published EPDs and revealed that there are marked variations in underlying data sources and data quality, which hinders comparability of EPDs and use of EPDs for benchmarking. Concrete EPDs were created primarily using proprietary data sources suitable for the private sector. However, in the public sector, the use of proprietary data may be cost-prohibitive for agencies, disable transparency, and present the impediment to wider GPP and LCA adoption. To that end, reliable public datasets offer more promise for the development of paving concrete EPD. This study also compares concrete PCR to that of other paving materials (cement, aggregate, asphalt), all of which were created with no overarching entity. Accordingly, the potential options for harmonization and synergetic use of these EPDs in GPP and pavement LCA are also investigated.
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Uvarovskaya, Alena. "YAKUT HEROIC EPOS OLONKHO." In Science-Project Contest: National and Cultural Heritage of Russia. Киров: Межрегиональный центр инновационных технологий в образовании, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52376/978-5-907623-81-1_123.

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Reports on the topic "EPBs"

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Gutnick, David, and David L. Coplin. Role of Exopolysaccharides in the Survival and Pathogenesis of the Fire Blight Bacterium, Erwinia amylovora. United States Department of Agriculture, September 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7568788.bard.

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Fireblight, a disease of apples and pears, is caused by Erwinia amylovora. Mutants of E. amylovora that do not produce the extreacellular polysaccharide (EPS), amylovoran, are avirulent. A similar EPS, stewartan, is produced by E. stewartii, which caused Stewart's wilt of corn, and which has also been implicated in the virulence of this strain. Both stewartan and amylovoran are type 1 capsular polysaccharides, typified by the colanic acid slime produced by Escherichia coli. Extracellular polysaccharide slime and capsules are important for the virulence of bacterial pathogens of plants and animals and to enhance their survival and dissemination outside of the host. The goals of this project were to examine the importance of polysaccharide structure on the pathogenicity and survival properties of three pathogenic bacteria: Erwinia amylovora, Erwinia stewartii and Escherichia coli. The project was a collaboration between the laboratories of Dr. Gutnick (PI, E. coli genetics and biochemistry), Dr. Coplin (co-PI, E. stewartii genetics) and Dr. Geider (unfunded collaborator, E. amylovora genetics and EPS analysis). Structural analysis of the EPSs, sequence analysis of the biosynthetic gene clusters and site-directed mutagenesis of individual cps and ams genes revealed that the three gene clusters shared common features for polysaccharide polymerization, translocation, and precursor synthesis as well as in the modes of transcriptional regulation. Early EPS production resulted in decreased virulence, indicating that EPS, although required for pathogenicity, is anot always advantageous and pathogens must regulate its production carefully.
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Dow, Stephen J. Javelin EPBST Software Development. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada396894.

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Dow, Stephen J. EPBST Imagery Generation Software. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada400994.

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Dow, Stephen J. EPBST Workstation Improvement: Automated Point Matching. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada397028.

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Peskin, M. E. Theoretical Summary of EPS-HEP99. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/753286.

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Ben-David, Itzhak, and Alexander Chinco. Modeling Managers As EPS Maximizers. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, April 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w31125.

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Wang, Yifeng, Amy Cha-Tien Sun, Jerry A. McNeish, Thomas A. Dewers, Teklu Hadgu, and Carlos F. Jove-Colon. Enhanced Performance Assessment System (EPAS) for carbon sequestration. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/990967.

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Hodgin, C., C. Armstrong, N. Daugherty, T. Foppe, A. Petrocchi, and B. Southward. Analysis of offsite emergency planning zones (EPZs) for the Rocky Flats Plant. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6704610.

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Drury, M. Continental scientific drilling: review of EPB activities 1984-85. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/315249.

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Lawrence, Christopher A., and Richard C. Anderson. Capture Rate Study: EPWs in Small Scale Contingency Operations, Phase IV (Part 2). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada401058.

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