Journal articles on the topic 'EOGs'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: EOGs.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'EOGs.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Lapid, Hadas, Han-Seok Seo, Benno Schuster, Elad Schneidman, Yehudah Roth, David Harel, Noam Sobel, and Thomas Hummel. "Odorant Concentration Dependence in Electroolfactograms Recorded From the Human Olfactory Epithelium." Journal of Neurophysiology 102, no. 4 (October 2009): 2121–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.91321.2008.
Full textAbstract:
Electroolfactograms (EOGs) are the summated generator potentials of olfactory receptor neurons measured directly from the olfactory epithelium. To validate the sensory origin of the human EOG, we set out to ask whether EOGs measured in humans were odorant concentration dependent. Each of 22 subjects (12 women, mean age = 23.3 yr) was tested with two odorants, either valeric acid and linalool ( n = 12) or isovaleric acid and l-carvone ( n = 10), each delivered at four concentrations diluted with warm (37°C) and humidified (80%) odorless air. In behavior, increased odorant concentration was associated with increased perceived intensity (all F > 5, all P < 0.001). In EOG, increased odorant concentration was associated with increased area under the EOG curve (all F > 8, all P < 0.001). These findings substantiate EOG as a tool for probing olfactory coding directly at the level of olfactory receptor neurons in humans.
2
Lv, Mingbo, Xiaopeng Li, Yunhua Li, Wei Zhang, and Rui Guo. "UKF-Based State Estimation for Electrolytic Oxygen Generation System of Space Station." Applied Sciences 11, no. 5 (February 25, 2021): 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11052021.
Full textAbstract:
Electrolytic oxygen generation system (EOGS) is the only system that can provide oxygen for astronauts in a physicochemical regenerative way in a long-term manned spacecraft. In order to ensure that the astronauts in the cabin can obtain a continuous and enough oxygen supply, it is necessary to carry out real-time condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of the EOGS. This paper deals with condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of the EOGS. Firstly, the dynamic model of the system is established based on the principle electrolysis for actual oxygen production system and the state observer of the system has been designed by using unscented Kalman filter (UKF). The total pressure in the cabin and the partial pressure of oxygen in the electrolytic cell can be observed. Then, considered the actual conditions of the manned space mission with one more astronaut, i.e., 3 astronauts, the simulation experiment is carried out. The simulation results show that the method can effectively estimate the system state, and it is of great significance to ensure the normal operation of the electrolytic EOGS system in the space station.
3
Chang, Won-Du. "Electrooculograms for Human–Computer Interaction: A Review." Sensors 19, no. 12 (June 14, 2019): 2690. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19122690.
Full textAbstract:
Eye movements generate electric signals, which a user can employ to control his/her environment and communicate with others. This paper presents a review of previous studies on such electric signals, that is, electrooculograms (EOGs), from the perspective of human–computer interaction (HCI). EOGs represent one of the easiest means to estimate eye movements by using a low-cost device, and have been often considered and utilized for HCI applications, such as to facilitate typing on a virtual keyboard, moving a mouse, or controlling a wheelchair. The objective of this study is to summarize the experimental procedures of previous studies and provide a guide for researchers interested in this field. In this work the basic characteristics of EOGs, associated measurements, and signal processing and pattern recognition algorithms are briefly reviewed, and various applications reported in the existing literature are listed. It is expected that EOGs will be a useful source of communication in virtual reality environments, and can act as a valuable communication tools for people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
4
Zhu, Guohun, Yan Li, and Peng (Paul) Wen. "Evaluating Functional Connectivity in Alcoholics Based on Maximal Weight Matching." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 15, no. 9 (November 20, 2011): 1221–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2011.p1221.
Full textAbstract:
EEG-based applications have faced the challenge of multi-modal integrated analysis problems. In this paper, a greedy maximal weight matching approach is used to measure the functional connectivity in alcoholics datasets with EEG and EOG signals. The major discovery is that the processing of the repeated and unrepeated stimuli in the γ band in control drinkers is significantly more different than that in alcoholic subjects. However, the EOGs are always stable in the case of visual tasks, except for a weakly wave when subjects make an error response to the stimuli.
5
Liu, Li, Yunfeng Ji, Yun Gao, Zhenyu Ping, Liang Kuang, Tao Li, and Wei Xu. "A Novel Fatigue Driving State Recognition and Warning Method Based on EEG and EOG Signals." Journal of Healthcare Engineering 2021 (November 22, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7799793.
Full textAbstract:
Traffic accidents are easily caused by tired driving. If the fatigue state of the driver can be identified in time and a corresponding early warning can be provided, then the occurrence of traffic accidents could be avoided to a large extent. At present, the recognition of fatigue driving states is mostly based on recognition accuracy. Fatigue state is currently recognized by combining different features, such as facial expressions, electroencephalogram (EEG) signals, yawning, and the percentage of eyelid closure over the pupil over time (PERCLoS). The combination of these features increases the recognition time and lacks real-time performance. In addition, some features will increase error in the recognition result, such as yawning frequently with the onset of a cold or frequent blinking with dry eyes. On the premise of ensuring the recognition accuracy and improving the realistic feasibility and real-time recognition performance of fatigue driving states, a fast support vector machine (FSVM) algorithm based on EEGs and electrooculograms (EOGs) is proposed to recognize fatigue driving states. First, the collected EEG and EOG modal data are preprocessed. Second, multiple features are extracted from the preprocessed EEGs and EOGs. Finally, FSVM is used to classify and recognize the data features to obtain the recognition result of the fatigue state. Based on the recognition results, this paper designs a fatigue driving early warning system based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology. When the driver shows symptoms of fatigue, the system not only sends a warning signal to the driver but also informs other nearby vehicles using this system through IoT technology and manages the operation background.
6
Park, Daesik, and Heather L. Eisthen. "Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) Modulates Odorant Responses in the Peripheral Olfactory System of Axolotls." Journal of Neurophysiology 90, no. 2 (August 2003): 731–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.01162.2002.
Full textAbstract:
Peripheral signal modulation plays an important role in sensory processing. Activity in the vertebrate olfactory epithelium may be modulated by peptides released from the terminal nerve, such as gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH). Here, we demonstrate that GnRH modulates odorant responses in aquatic salamanders (axolotls, Ambystoma mexicanum). We recorded electrical field potentials (electro-olfactograms, or EOGs) in response to stimulation with four different amino acid odorants, l-lysine, l-methionine, l-cysteine, and l-glutamic acid. EOG responses were recorded from the main olfactory epithelium before, during, and after application of 10 μM GnRH. This protocol was repeated for a total of three trials with 60–80 min between trials. The effect of GnRH on EOG responses was broadly similar across odorants and across trials. In general, EOG responses were reduced to 79% of the initial magnitude during application of GnRH; in some trials in which glutamic acid served as the odorant, EOG responses were enhanced during the wash period. Although the 4-min inter-stimulus interval did not lead to adaptation of EOG responses during the first trial, we frequently observed evidence of adaptation during the second and third trials. In addition, we found that lower concentrations of GnRH produced a smaller effect. These results demonstrate that GnRH can modulate odorant responses in the peripheral olfactory system.
7
Barber, Casey N., and David M. Coppola. "Compensatory plasticity in the olfactory epithelium: age, timing, and reversibility." Journal of Neurophysiology 114, no. 3 (September 2015): 2023–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00076.2015.
Full textAbstract:
Like other biological systems, olfaction responds “homeostatically” to enduring change in the stimulus environment. This adaptive mechanism, referred to as compensatory plasticity, has been studied almost exclusively in developing animals. Thus it is unknown if this phenomenon is limited to ontogenesis and irreversible, characteristics common to some other forms of plasticity. Here we explore the effects of odor deprivation on the adult mouse olfactory epithelium (OE) using nasal plugs to eliminate nasal airflow unilaterally. Plugs were in place for 2–6 wk after which electroolfactograms (EOGs) were recorded from the occluded and open sides of the nasal cavity. Mean EOG amplitudes were significantly greater on the occluded than on the open side. The duration of plugging did not affect the results, suggesting that maximal compensation occurs within 2 wk or less. The magnitude of the EOG difference between the open and occluded side in plugged mice was comparable to adults that had undergone surgical naris occlusion as neonates. When plugs were removed after 4 wk followed by 2 wk of recovery, mean EOG amplitudes were not significantly different between the always-open and previously plugged sides of the nasal cavity suggesting that this form of plasticity is reversible. Taken together, these results suggest that compensatory plasticity is a constitutive mechanism of olfactory receptor neurons that allows these cells to recalibrate their stimulus-response relationship to fit the statistics of their current odor environment.
8
Noguchi, Kazuhito, Koichi Haishi, and Daisuke Sato. "An Illusion of Velocity in Motion Perception." Perceptual and Motor Skills 78, no. 1 (February 1994): 112–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1994.78.1.112.
Full textAbstract:
We report a phenomenon that seems to have potential to elucidate a role of eye movement in motion perception. When tracking a target controlled by a triangular wave, the viewer perceives movement of the target like a ball bouncing in between two walls. We measured eye movement with electrooculograms (EOGs) when the subject was tracking a target controlled by a triangular wave. Eye movement after passing the turning point and rapidly returning to the target with saccadic movement and then smoothly tracking the target was recorded for all 4 adults. It was considered that extraretinal information on eye position during saccade may mainly contribute to this illusion.
9
Kent, P. F., and M. M. Mozell. "The recording of odorant-induced mucosal activity patterns with a voltage-sensitive dye." Journal of Neurophysiology 68, no. 5 (November 1, 1992): 1804–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1992.68.5.1804.
Full textAbstract:
1. Fluorescence changes in the dye (WW 781) were monitored at 100 contiguous sites in a 10 x 10-pixel array on the bullfrog and salamander olfactory mucosas every 10 ms in response to odorous stimuli. The odorants were d-limonene, butanol, and amyl acetate, each presented at two concentrations with a 3:1 ratio. 2. The fluorescence signals elicited by these odorous stimuli were nearly identical in shape and time course to the electro-olfactograms (EOGs) recorded from the same animal under identical conditions. Like the EOGs, the fluorescence signals exhibited adaptation and were abolished by both Triton X-100 and ether. There was no measurable fluorescence when the tissue was not stained with the dye, and there was no change in fluorescence when, for stained tissue, nonodorized, humidified air was presented as the stimulus. 3. This technique presumably monitors the same events as the EOG, but has the advantage of simultaneously recording the odorant-induced activity from multiple sites across most of the mucosa. Thus this technique preserves subtle differences heretofore lost by other techniques both in the coarseness of their matrices and in the variability generated by trying to piece together, into one collage, results from numerous presentations given at different times. 4. In all preparations, there was a larger difference in the inherent activity patterns (derived from response magnitudes) between different odorants than between different concentrations of the same odorant. These differences were largest on the mucosa lining the floor of salamander's olfactory sac. d-limonene and butanol gave their largest responses near the internal and external nares, respectively, whereas the responses for amyl acetate were more uniform across the mucosal sheet. In contrast to the salamander, smaller differences were observed for both the roof and the floor of the bullfrog's olfactory sac. For the floor, both amyl acetate and d-limonene elicited similar patterns of response magnitude, whereas butanol differed from each of these odorants by eliciting a larger response on the anteriolateral aspect of the mucosa and a lesser response on the remainder. For the roof, different odorants produced different activity patterns, which had profiles not simply described as regions of maximal and minimal responsiveness. 5. Different inherent activity patterns based on temporal characteristics of the fluorescence responses were also observed for different odorants. Each odorant produced a different pixel-by-pixel pattern for the times at which the responses started and ended. For any given odorant, these temporal patterns paralleled the patterns given by response magnitudes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
10
Singh, Tarun, Elizabeth H. Barnes, and David Isaacs. "Early-onset neonatal infections in Australia and New Zealand, 2002–2012." Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition 104, no. 3 (March 27, 2018): F248—F252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2017-314671.
Full textAbstract:
BackgroundThe epidemiology of early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) varies over time, and requires regular surveillance.ObjectiveTo analyse data on EONS in Australia and New Zealand.MethodsRetrospective analysis of data collected longitudinally from multiple neonatal units from 2002 to 2012.ResultsOf 386 423 live births, 454 infants had EONS. The incidence rate of EONS was 1.20 per 1000 live births in 2002 and 0.83 in 2012, decreasing by 4% per year (95% CI 1% to 7%, p=0.007). Group B streptococcus (GBS) (37%) and Escherichia coli (25%) were the most prevalent organisms. The early-onset GBS (EOGBS) incidence rate was 0.43/1000 live births, with no evidence of change over time (p=0.3). Of EOGBS-infected babies, 62% were born at term compared with 8% with early-onset E. coli sepsis, p<0.0001. The mortality of E. coli early-onset sepsis (EOS) (25%) was higher than GBS (11%), but this difference in mortality was no longer significant after adjusting for gestation and birth weight. Mortality from EOS fell significantly over the study period (17% per year, 95% CI 10 to 24, p<0.0001).ConclusionsGBS was the most common cause of early sepsis, but the incidence was lower than prior to the introduction of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis, and remained steady over time. The mortality of early-onset E. coli sepsis was significantly higher than GBS sepsis, but this may have been because almost all babies with E. coli were born preterm, rather than a difference in virulence.
11
PEACHEY, NEAL S., J. BRETT STANTON, and ALAN D. MARMORSTEIN. "Noninvasive recording and response characteristics of the rat dc-electroretinogram." Visual Neuroscience 19, no. 6 (November 2002): 693–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523802196015.
Full textAbstract:
In response to light, the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) generates a series of potentials that can be recorded using the dc-electroretinogram (dc-ERG). As these potentials can be related to specific cellular events, they provide information about RPE function and how that may be altered by disease or experimental manipulation. The purposes of the present study were to define a noninvasive means for recording the rat dc-ERG, to use this to define the stimulus–response properties of the major components, and to relate these results to measures of the rat electrooculogram (EOG). Parallel studies were conducted in two strains of rats (Long-Evans, LE; Sprague-Dawley, SD) that are commonly used in vision research. Rats were sedated with ketamine/xylazine and placed on a heating pad. Ag/AgCl wire electrodes were bridged with capillary tubes filled with Hanks balanced salt solution. The active electrode was placed in contact with the corneal surface and referenced to a second electrode placed within the orbit. The dc-ERG signal was amplified (dc-100 Hz), digitized, and stored offline. The duration of full-field flash stimuli was controlled using a mechanical shutter and flash luminance was controlled with neutral density filters. EOGs were recorded using subdermal platinum needle electrodes placed near the eye. In response to a 5-min light exposure, the dc-ERG of LE and SD rats included a distinct b-wave, after potential, c-wave, fast oscillation, and a slow potential of positive polarity the characteristics of which are consistent with a light peak.
12
Magar, Vanesa, Markus S. Gross, George Probert, Dominic E. Reeve, and Yuzhi Cai. "STATISTICAL PREDICTION OF COASTAL AND ESTUARINE EVOLUTION." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 33 (December 28, 2012): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.sediment.124.
Full textAbstract:
This paper presents a novel data-driven methodology based on empirical orthogonal teleconnections (EOTs) to analyse and forecast the evolution of coastal navigational channels near the mouth of the Exe estuary, UK. This is the first time EOTs are used in coastal morphodynamics. Therefore, particular emphasis is placed on the comparison of EOTs with the well established empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) method. EOTs and EOFs are used with a series of 14 surveys, taken approximately every 8 months, covering the period between January 2001 and February 2010. The skill of the methods in producing accurate bathymetric one-step forecasts for February 2010 is analyzed and compared with one-step forecasts based on the raw data. It is found that, provided the order of the autoregressive forecast method is chosen appropriately, EOTs and EOFs are better than the raw data and EOTs outperforms than EOFs. This is attributed to the fact that EOTs, without the orthonormality restriction for the temporal eigenfunctions required in EOFs, capturing the temporal patterns within the data more accurately than EOFs.
13
Lumabao, Mathew Kieran, and Jessalyn Faye Rosales. "Determinants of GDP Growth in the Philippines: 1970-2020." Journal of Economics, Finance and Accounting Studies 5, no. 1 (January 18, 2023): 73–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/jefas.2023.5.1.6.
Full textAbstract:
Gross Domestic Product Growth (GDPG) is one of the driving factors of economic development. The study aims to create an econometric model for the determinants of GDP growth in the Philippine setting. It also tackles a new approach while giving insights into how the selected variables of the researchers affect economic growth. The analysis used Gretl to acquire the results needed for the study. Microsoft Excel, on the other hand, was used to generate the trendlines of the variables. The result of the analysis shows that there is a significant relationship between the variables: General Government Consumption Expenditure (GGCE), Household and NPISHs Final Consumption Expenditure (HFCE), and Exports of Goods & Services (EoGS), the dependent variable, GDPG, also increases/decreases respectively. However, the relationship to Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) does not have a significant relationship with GDPG. Overall, the graphs have shown a positive uptrend; however, due to economic shocks, the economy experienced a rapid decline, especially between the years 1980-1990 and 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic.
14
Bora, Jyatsnasree, and Umananda Dev Goswami. "Radial oscillations and gravitational wave echoes of strange stars for various equations of state." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 502, no. 2 (January 11, 2021): 1557–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab050.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT We study the radial oscillations of non-rotating strange stars (SSs) and their characteristic echo frequencies for three equations of state (EoS), viz., MIT Bag model EoS, linear EoS, and polytropic EoS. The frequencies of radial oscillations of these compact stars are computed for these EoSs. In total, 22 lowest radial frequencies for each of these three EoSs have been computed. First, for each EoS, we have integrated Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff equations numerically to calculate the radial and pressure perturbations of SSs. Next, the mass–radius relationships for these stars are obtained using these three EoSs. Then the radial frequencies of oscillations for these EoSs are calculated. Further, the characteristic gravitational wave echo frequencies and the repetition of echo frequencies of SSs are computed for these EoSs. Our numerical results show that the radial frequencies and also echo frequencies vastly depend on the model and on the value of the model parameter. Our results also show that the radial frequencies of strange stars are maximum for polytropic EoS in comparison to MIT Bag model EoS and linear EoS. Moreover, SSs with MIT Bag model EoS and linear EoS are found to emit gravitational wave echoes. Whereas, SSs with polytropic EoS are not emitting gravitational wave echoes.
15
Durakovic and Skaugen. "Analysis of Thermodynamic Models for Simulation and Optimisation of Organic Rankine Cycles." Energies 12, no. 17 (August 27, 2019): 3307. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12173307.
Full textAbstract:
Equations of state (EOSs) form the base of every thermodynamic model used in the design of industrial processes, but little work has been done to evaluate these in the context of such models. This work evaluates 13 EOSs for their accuracy, computational time and robustness when used in an in-house optimisation program that finds the maximum power output of an organic Rankine cycle. The EOSs represent popular choices in the industry, such as the simple cubic EOSs, and more complex EOSs such as the ones based on corresponding state principles (CSP). These results were compared with results from using the Groupe Européen de Recherches Gazières (GERG) EOS, whose error is within experimental uncertainty. It appears that the corresponding state EOSs find a solution to the optimisation problem notably faster than GERG without significant loss of accuracy. A corresponding state method which used the Peng–Robinson EOS to calculate the shape factors and a highly accurate EOS for propane as the reference EOS, was shown to have a total deviation of just 0.6% as compared to GERG while also being 10 times as fast. The CSP implementation was also more robust, being able to converge successfully more often.
16
Li, Bo-Lin, Yan Yan, and Jia-Lun Ping. "Hadron–quark crossover and hybrid stars with quark core." Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics 49, no. 4 (March 7, 2022): 045201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6471/ac4ea1.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract We construct a new set of hybrid equations of state (EOSs) with a smooth hadron–quark crossover transition from hadronic matter at low densities to strange quark matter at high densities. The hadronic EOS NL3ωρ is obtained by the relativistic mean field theory, while the strange quark matter EOS is calculated by a quasiparticle model that incorporates the nonperturbative features of quantum chromodynamics. In the transition region, we use a polynomial function to interpolate the pressure as a function of the chemical potential. Most of these hybrid EOSs satisfy the mass constraint of M TOV > 2M ⊙ and the tidal deformability constraint of Λ1.4 < 800 from GW170817. We find that the presence of strange quark matter at high densities makes the EOS softer. The maximum masses and corresponding radii for the hybrid EOSs are smaller than that for the hadronic EOS NL3ωρ. For a fixed gravitational mass of 1.4M ⊙, the central baryonic number densities for the hybrid EOSs are larger than that for the hadronic EOS, and the radii for the hybrid EOSs are smaller than that for the hadronic EOS. This means that the hybrid stars are more compact than the neutron star, and will have smaller tidal deformabilities than that for the neutron star. The radii for hybrid stars are also consistent with the Neutron star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) analysis of PSR J0030 + 0451 ( M = 1.4 4 − 0.14 + 0.15 M ⊙ , R = 13.0 2 − 1.06 + 1.24 km) and PSR J0740 + 6620 (M = 2.08 ± 0.07M ⊙, R = 12.35 ± 0.75 km). And the central baryonic number densities for the hybrid EOSs suggest that in the center of the hybrid stars there exists quark–hadron mixed state instead of pure strange quark matter.
17
Sun, Jiu-Xun, Qiang Wu, Yang Guo, and Ling-Cang Cai. "Two Universal Equations of State for Solids." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 65, no. 1-2 (January 1, 2010): 34–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2010-1-202.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractIn this paper, two equations of state (EOSs) (Sun Jiu-Xun-Morse with parameters n = 3 and 4, designated by SMS3 and SMS4) with two parameters are proposed to satisfy four merits proposed previously and give improved results for the cohesive energy. By applying ten typical EOSs to fit experimental compression data of 50 materials, it is shown that the SMS4 EOS gives the best results; the Baonza and Morse EOSs give the second best results; the SMS3 and modified generalized Lennard-Jones (mGLJ) EOSs give the third best results. However, the Baonza and mGLJ EOSs cannot give physically reasonable values of cohesive energy and P-V curves in the expansion region; the SMS3 and SMS4 EOS give fairly good results, and have some advantages over the Baonza and mGLJ EOSs in practical applications.
18
Suwa, Yudai. "On the importance of the equation of state for the neutrino-driven supernova explosion mechanism." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 7, S279 (April 2011): 397–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s174392131201352x.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractWe present two-dimensional numerical simulations of core-collapse supernova including multi-energy neutrino radiative transfer. We aim to examine the influence of the equation of state (EOS) for the dense nuclear matter. We employ four sets of EOSs, namely, those by Lattimer and Swesty (LS) and Shen et al., which became standard EOSs in the core-collapse supernova community. We reconfirm that not every EOS produces an explosion in spherical symmetry, which is consistent with previous works. In two-dimensional simulations, we find that the structure of the accretion flow is significantly different between LS EOS and Shen EOS, inducing an even qualitatively different evolution of the shock wave, namely, the LS EOS leads to shock propagation beyond 2000 km from the center, while the Shen EOS shows only oscillations within 500 km. The possible origins of the difference are discussed.
19
Coppola, D. M., C. T. Waggener, S. M. Radwani, and D. A. Brooks. "An electroolfactogram study of odor response patterns from the mouse olfactory epithelium with reference to receptor zones and odor sorptiveness." Journal of Neurophysiology 109, no. 8 (April 15, 2013): 2179–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00769.2012.
Full textAbstract:
Olfactory sensory neuron (OSN) responses to odors, measured at the population level, tend to be spatially heterogeneous in the vertebrates that have been studied. These response patterns vary between odors but are similar across subjects for a given stimulus. However, few species have been studied making functional interpretation of these patterns problematic. One proximate explanation for the spatial heterogeneity of odor responses comes from evidence that olfactory receptor (OR) genes in rodents are expressed in OSN populations that are spatially restricted to a few zones in the olfactory epithelium (OE). A long-standing functional explanation for response anisotropy in the OE posits that it is the signature of a supplementary mechanism for quality coding, based on the sorptive properties of odor molecules. These theories are difficult to assess because most mapping studies have utilized few odors, provided little replication, or involved but a single species (rat). In fact, to our knowledge, a detailed olfactory response “map” has not been reported for mouse, the species used in most studies of gene localization. Here we report the results of a study of mouse OE response patterns using the electroolfactogram (EOG). We focused on the medial aspect of olfactory turbinates that are accessible in the midsagittal section. This limited approach still allowed us to test predictions derived from the zonal distribution of OSN types and the sorption hypothesis. In 3 separate experiments, 290 mice were used to record EOGs from a set of standard locations along each of 4 endoturbinates utilizing 11 different odors resulting in over 4,400 separate recordings. Our results confirmed a marked spatial heterogeneity in odor responses that varied with odor, as seen in other species. However, no discontinuities were found in the odor-specific response patterns across the OE as might have been predicted given the existence of classical receptor zones nor did we find clear support for the hypothesis that OE response patterns, presumably a reflection of OSN distribution, have been shaped through natural selection by the relative sorptive properties of odors. We propose that receptor zones may be an epiphenomenon of a contingent evolutionary process. In this formulation, constraints on developmental programs for distributing OSN classes within the OE may be minimally related to the odor ligands of specific class members. Further, we propose that odor sorptiveness, which appears to be correlated with the inherent response patterns in the OE of larger species, may be of minimal effect in mice owing to scaling issues.
20
Guzmán, Eduardo, and Alejandro Lucia. "Essential Oils and Their Individual Components in Cosmetic Products." Cosmetics 8, no. 4 (December 3, 2021): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics8040114.
Full textAbstract:
The current consumer demands together with the international regulations have pushed the cosmetic industry to seek new active ingredients from natural renewable sources for manufacturing more eco-sustainability and safe products, with botanical extract being an almost unlimited source of these new actives. Essential oils (EOs) emerge as very common natural ingredients in cosmetics and toiletries as a result of both their odorous character for the design and manufacturing of fragrances and perfumes, and the many beneficial properties of their individual components (EOCs), e.g., anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, and, nowadays, the cosmetic industry includes EOs or different mixtures of their individual components (EOCs), either as active ingredients or as preservatives, in various product ranges (e.g., moisturizers, lotions and cleanser in skin care cosmetics; conditioners, masks or antidandruff products in hair care products; lipsticks, or fragrances in perfumery). However, the unique chemical profile of each individual essential oil is associated with different benefits, and hence it is difficult to generalize their potential applications in cosmetics and toiletries, which often require the effort of formulators in seeking suitable mixtures of EOs or EOCs for obtaining specific benefits in the final products. This work presents an updated review of the available literature related to the most recent advances in the application of EOs and EOCs in the manufacturing of cosmetic products. Furthermore, some specific aspects related to the safety of EOs and EOCs in cosmetics will be discussed. It is expected that the information contained in this comprehensive review can be exploited by formulators in the design and optimization of cosmetic formulations containing botanical extracts.
21
TIAN, RONGGANG, JIUXUN SUN, FEI YU, WEI YANG, and XINYING XUE. "COMPARISON OF THREE EQUATIONS OF STATE FOR TRANSITION METALS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 25, no. 21 (August 20, 2011): 2813–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979211101314.
Full textAbstract:
A modified generalized Morse (mGM) equation of state (EOS) is proposed that can incorporate the cohesive energy data correctly. It is compared with a four-parameter modified Rose EOS (MR EOS) which is proposed by following the Rose's approach and the Vinet EOS. The MR, mGM and Vinet EOSs are applied to five transition metals to fit all experimental compression data available. The results show that for all pressure ranges the mGM EOS gives the best fitting results. From the comparison of variation of pressure and energy versus compression ratio between MR and mGM EOS, it is clear that the pressure and energy of the MR EOS oscillate both in the neighborhood of (V/V0) ≈ 0.005 and in the range (V/V0) > 1. Such oscillations are physically incorrect, and the tendency of the mGM EOS are physically correct both in the neighborhood of (V/V0) ≈ 0.005 and in the range (V/V0) > 1. Generally speaking, the mGM EOS has evident advantage among the three EOSs, and the MR EOS's practical applications are seriously limited because of the physically incorrect oscillations.
22
Ngo, Quang Thin, and Shoji Shinmura. "Constraints on the equation of state of neutron star matter based on observations." Modern Physics Letters A 32, no. 37 (December 4, 2017): 1750190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732317501905.
Full textAbstract:
Many calculations of the neutron star (NS) equation of state (EOS) have been performed over the years. Recent observations of NSs have begun to play an important role in finding the realistic EOS. In this paper, we compare mass–radius relations derived from various EOSs with observational data of NSs. In addition, we adjust EOSs to be consistent with observational data from NSs and employ Bayesian statistical analyses to obtain constraints on the EOS. Our results show that the EOS needs to be softened in the medium density region ([Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is the saturation density) and to have a rapid change of stiffness around an energy density of [Formula: see text] 650 MeV/fm3.
23
Zhao, Tong, Cheng-Ming Li, Ya-Peng Zhao, Yan Yan, Xin-Lian Luo, and Hong-Shi Zong. "A phenomenological study of hybrid stars in which the crossover transition from quark to hadron makes the EOS stiffer in contrast to the hybrid EOS based on Maxwell condition." Modern Physics Letters A 32, no. 08 (March 7, 2017): 1750051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732317500511.
Full textAbstract:
In this paper, we make a phenomenological study of the mass–radii relationship of hybrid stars from the point of view of the smooth crossover phase transition. We find a way to construct stiff hybrid equations of state (EOSs) with soft EOSs of both the quark matter and the hadronic matter. For the hadron phase, we adopt the EOS softened by introducing hyperons that are considered to exist in the core of a neutron star. For the quark phase, we introduce a quark EOS based on the Dyson–Schwinger equation (DSE) that is calculated in our previous work, and it is also a soft EOS. In contrast to the hybrid EOS based on Maxwell condition, we find that the resulting EOS is stiff and the maximum mass of the hybrid stars is still about two times of solar mass. This result indicates the rich possibilities of the crossover model.
24
Akhouri, Binay Prakash, and Sumit Kaur. "Joule-Thomson coefficients and inversion curves from newly developed cubic equations of state." European Journal of Chemistry 10, no. 3 (September 30, 2019): 244–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5155/eurjchem.10.3.244-255.1883.
Full textAbstract:
In this work, we have generalized different parametric forms of cubic equations of state (EoSs) to predict complete Joule-Thomson (J-T) inversion curves for methane at wide temperature and pressure ranges. EoSs of the Soave-Redlich-Kwong (SRK), Peng-Robinson (PR), Patel-Teja (PT), Esmaeilzadeh-Roshanfekr (ER) and the Hagtalab-Kamali-Mazloumi-Mahmoodi (HKMM) along with frequently used cohesion functions α(Tr) have been considered for plot of J-T inversion curves. The PR EoS along with different cohesion functions such as those of the Soave, Antonin Chapoy and the Tau-Sim-Tassone have been also tested for accurate prediction of the inversion curves. The four parametric EoSs of Adachi-Lu-Sugie (ALS), and Lawal-Lake-Silberberg (LLS) with their associated cohesion functions have been used for the prediction of J-T inversion curves. It has been observed that for the plot of inversion curves the LLS EoS is inadequate while the ER EoS agrees well with the previous measurements made in Laboratory. Besides, the J-T coefficient measurements from EoSs have been made for carbon dioxide and nitrogen gases at temperatures from 273.15 to 473.15 K and at pressures from 10 to 1000 atm, respectively. The uncertainties of experimental J-T coefficients data of carbon dioxide from values calculated using EoSs at constant pressure of 1 atm and 20 atm and with varying temperatures have been studied.
25
Richards, Chloe B., Thomas W. Baumgarte, and Stuart L. Shapiro. "Relativistic Bondi accretion for stiff equations of state." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 502, no. 2 (January 20, 2021): 3003–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab161.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT We revisit Bondi accretion – steady-state, adiabatic, spherical gas flow on to a Schwarzschild black hole at rest in an asymptotically homogeneous medium – for stiff polytropic equations of state (EOSs) with adiabatic indices Γ > 5/3. A general relativistic treatment is required to determine their accretion rates, for which we provide exact expressions. We discuss several qualitative differences between results for soft and stiff EOSs – including the appearance of a minimum steady-state accretion rate for EOSs with Γ ≥ 5/3 – and explore limiting cases in order to examine these differences. As an example, we highlight results for Γ = 2, which is often used in numerical simulations to model the EOS of neutron stars. We also discuss a special case with this index, the ultrarelativistic ‘causal’ EOS, P = ρ. The latter serves as a useful limit for the still undetermined neutron star EOS above nuclear density. The results are useful, for example, to estimate the accretion rate on to a mini-black hole residing at the centre of a neutron star.
26
Huo, Xiangyu, Li Zhang, and Mingli Yang. "Equation of state for the detonation products of energetic materials." Materials Express 11, no. 8 (August 1, 2021): 1269–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/mex.2021.2033.
Full textAbstract:
Energetic materials (EMs) are one of the necessities in many military and civilian applications. Measuring the thermodynamic behaviors of detonation products of EMs at high temperature and high pressure, their equations of state (EOSs) not only serve as a basis in the design of novel materials, but also provide valuable information for their practical applications. The EOS study has a long history, but keeps moving all the time. Various EMs have been developed, the EOS of detonation products provides abundant information in the thermochemistry, hydromechanics and detonation physics, which in turn feedbacks the development of novel EMs and their EOSs. With the development of experimental techniques and computer simulations, many EOSs have been proposed for various explosives in recent years. While experiments keep their fundamental roles, integrated theory-experiment study has become the main approach to the EOS establishment for novel EMs. Moreover, computer simulations based on interatomic and/or intermolecular interaction will have great potential in the future when big data and artificial intelligence are introduced into the field.
27
Liu, Quan. "A New Isothermal Equation of State for Solids." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 64, no. 1-2 (February 1, 2009): 54–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2009-1-209.
Full textAbstract:
A new isothermal equation of state (EOS) for solids is derived by starting from the theory of lattice potential and using an analytical function for the volume dependence of the short-range force constant. A critical analysis of the isothermal EOSs: Murnaghan EOS, Vinet EOS, and the new EOS derived here, is presented by investigating the pressure-volume data for rare gas solids, metals and minerals. It is found that the results obtained from the new EOS are in good accordance with the corresponding values obtained from the Vinet EOS and with experimental data for all the solids up to very large compressions. On the other hand, the Murnaghan EOS is less successful at high pressure in most cases.
28
Otto, Konstantin, Micaela Oertel, and Bernd-Jochen Schaefer. "Nonperturbative quark matter equations of state with vector interactions." European Physical Journal Special Topics 229, no. 22-23 (December 2020): 3629–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjst/e2020-000155-y.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractNonperturbative equations of state (EoSs) for two and three quark flavors are constructed with the functional renormalization group (FRG) within a quark-meson model truncation augmented by vector mesons for low temperature and high density. Based on previous FRG studies without repulsive vector meson interactions the influence of isoscalar vector ω- and ϕ-mesons on the dynamical fluctuations of quarks and (pseudo)scalar mesons is investigated. The grand potential as well as vector meson condensates are evaluated as a function of quark chemical potential and the quark matter EoS in β-equilibrium is applied to neutron star (NS) physics. The tidal deformability and mass-radius relations for hybrid stars from combined hadronic and quark matter EoSs are compared for different vector couplings. We observe a significant impact of the vector mesons on the quark matter EoS such that the resulting EoS is sufficiently stiff to support two-solar-mass neutron stars.
29
Kedia, Atul, Grant Mathews, Hee Il Kim, and In-Saeng Suh. "Binary neutron star mergers of quark matter based nuclear equations of state." EPJ Web of Conferences 260 (2022): 11004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202226011004.
Full textAbstract:
With observations of gravitational wave signals from binary neutron star mergers (BNSM) by LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK) Collaboration and NICER, the nuclear equation of state (EOS) is becoming increasingly testable by complementary numerical simulations. Numerous simulations currently explore the EOS at different density regimes for the constituent neutron stars specifically narrowing the uncertainty in the sub-nuclear densities. In this paper we summarize the three-dimensional general relativistic-hydrodynamics based simulations of BNSMs for EOSs with a specific emphasis on the quark matter EOS at the highest densities.
30
WEN, DE-HUA, JING YAN, and XUE-MEI LIU. "ONE POSSIBLE MECHANISM FOR MASSIVE NEUTRON STAR SUPPORTED BY SOFT EOS." International Journal of Modern Physics D 21, no. 04 (April 2012): 1250036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271812500368.
Full textAbstract:
The recently discovery of a massive neutron star (PSR J1614-2230 of 1.97 ± 0.04 M⊙) rules out the soft equation-of-states (EOSs) such as those included hyperons or kaon condensates at high densities, while the nuclear theory or the terrestrial laboratory data prefer a soft EOS. Here we propose one possible mechanism to allow that the observed massive neutron star can be supported by a soft EOS, that is, if the gravitational constant G varies at super strong field, a soft EOS can support the massive neutron stars.
31
Pei, Ting Hang, Kuen Yu Tsai, and Jia Han Li. "The Electrostatic Potential inside the Electron-Optical Systen with Periodic Boundary-Value Conditions." Advanced Materials Research 933 (May 2014): 534–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.933.534.
Full textAbstract:
A program based on the SOR method have been setup for calculating the electrostatic potential inside the electron optical system (EOS). This method can deal with large domain calculation more efficiently than by using the finite difference or finite element methods. Since the MEBDW system is composed of an array of EOSs, periodic boundary conditions in thexandydirections are applied. A case of EOS is demonstrated in this paper.
32
Babalola, F. U., I. O. Akanji, and T. Oyegoke. "Comparative analysis of the performance of mixing rules for density prediction of simple chemical mixtures." Journal of Engineering Sciences 8, no. 1 (2021): F25—F31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/jes.2021.8(1).f4.
Full textAbstract:
Four different mixing rules (MRs) in three equations of state (EOSs) have been used to account for the intermolecular forces of attraction between dissimilar molecules of different substances that form simple mixtures. The combined effects of the co-volumes of all constituent species of the mixtures were also considered, and the densities of these simple mixtures were predicted. Thereafter, the density results obtained were compared with accurately simulated experimental density values, and the effectiveness of these MRs was determined and compared. The four MRs compared are geometric mean average (GMA), whole square root average (SRA), Expanded geometric average (EGA), and simple average (SA) of attractive force parameter. They were all used in Van der Waals, Redlich Kwong, and Peng Robinson EOSs for two simple mixtures: a binary system (Ammonia – Water system) and a ternary mixture (methyl acetate – water – toluene system). It was found that GMA and EGA gave reasonably accurate estimates of the mixture attractive force parameter (am) and hence good density prediction for both Ammonia – Water and Methyl acetate – Water – Toluene systems. SRA gave unrealistic values of mixture densities for both systems and was discarded. SA gave a somewhat good result with Peng Robinson EOS for the ammonia-water system, but not that good in Redlich Kwong EOS and very poor in Van der Waals EOS. SA does not give reasonable estimates of the mixture densities with the three EOSs considered for the methyl acetate – water – toluene system.
33
Ruoff, Johannes. "Gravitational-Wave Asteroseismology as a Tool to Reveal the Equation of State of Relativistic Neutron Stars." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 185 (2002): 612–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100017255.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe equation of state (EOS) is still the big unknown in the physics of neutron stars. An accurate measurement of both the mass and the radius of a neutron star would put severe constraints on the range of possible EOSs. I discuss how the parameters of the oscillation modes of a neutron star, measured from the emitted gravitational waves, can in principle be used to infer its mass and radius, and thus reveal its EOS.
34
Khan, Farman Ali, Nasir Mehmood Khan, Shujaat Ahmad, Nasruddin Khan, Riffat Aziz, Ihsan Ullah, Mazen Almehmadi, Mamdouh Allahyani, Ahad Amer Alsaiari, and Abdulelah Aljuaid. "Phytochemical Profiling, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Cholinesterase Inhibitory Effects of Essential Oils Isolated from the Leaves of Artemisia scoparia and Artemisia absinthium." Pharmaceuticals 15, no. 10 (October 1, 2022): 1221. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph15101221.
Full textAbstract:
The current studies were focused on the phytochemical profiling of two local wild Artemisia species, Artemisia scoparia and Artemisia absinthium leaves' essential oils, extracted via the hydro distillation method along with evaluation of their antioxidant as well as antimicrobial effects. The constituents of EOs were identified using a combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometric (GC-MS) technique. A total of 25 compounds in A. scoparia essential oil (EOAS) were identified, and 14 compounds with percentage abundance of >1% were tabulated, the major being tocopherol derivatives (47.55%). A total of nine compounds in Artemisia absinthium essential oil (EOAA) were enlisted (% age >1%), the majority being oleic acid derivatives (41.45%). Strong antioxidant effects were pronounced by the EOAS in DPPH (IC50 = 285 ± 0.82 µg/mL) and in ABTS (IC50 = 295 ± 0.32 µg/mL) free radical scavenging assays. Both the EOs remained potent in inhibiting the growth of bacterial species; Escherichia coli (55–70%) and Shigella flexneri (60–75%) however remained moderately effective against Bacillus subtilis as well as Staphylococcus aureus. Both EOAS and EOAA strongly inhibited the growth of the tested fungal species, especially Aspergillus species (up to 70%). The oils showed anti-cholinesterase potential by inhibiting both Acetylcholinesterase (AChE; IC50 = 30 ± 0.04 µg/mL (EOAS), 32 ± 0.05 µg/mL (EOAA) and Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE; IC50 = 34 ± 0.07 µg/mL (EOAS), 36 ± 0.03 µg/mL (EOAA). In conclusion, the essential oils of A. scoparia and A. absinthium are promising antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticholinergic agents with a different phytochemical composition herein reported for the first time.
35
Esmaeilzadeh, Feridun, Nazanin Hamedi, Dornaz Karimipourfard, and Ali Rasoolzadeh. "An insight into the role of the association equations of states in gas hydrate modeling: a review." Petroleum Science 17, no. 5 (July 18, 2020): 1432–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12182-020-00471-9.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Encouraged by the wide spectrum of novel applications of gas hydrates, e.g., energy recovery, gas separation, gas storage, gas transportation, water desalination, and hydrogen hydrate as a green energy resource, as well as CO2 capturing, many scientists have focused their attention on investigating this important phenomenon. Of course, from an engineering viewpoint, the mathematical modeling of gas hydrates is of paramount importance, as anticipation of gas hydrate stability conditions is effective in the design and control of industrial processes. Overall, the thermodynamic modeling of gas hydrate can be tackled as an equilibration of three phases, i.e., liquid, gas, and solid hydrate. The inseparable component in all hydrate systems, water, is highly polar and non-ideal, necessitating the use of more advanced equation of states (EoSs) that take into account more intermolecular forces for thermodynamic modeling of these systems. Motivated by the ever-increasing number of publications on this topic, this study aims to review the application of associating EoSs for the thermodynamic modeling of gas hydrates. Three most important hydrate-based models available in the literature including the van der Waals–Platteeuw (vdW–P) model, Chen–Guo model, and Klauda–Sandler model coupled with CPA and SAFT EoSs were investigated and compared with cubic EoSs. It was concluded that the CPA and SAFT EoSs gave very accurate results for hydrate systems as they take into account the association interactions, which are very crucial in gas hydrate systems in which water, methanol, glycols, and other types of associating compounds are available. Moreover, it was concluded that the CPA EoS is easier to use than the SAFT-type EoSs and our suggestion for the gas hydrate systems is the CPA EoS.
36
Gonzalez-Platas, Javier, Matteo Alvaro, Fabrizio Nestola, and Ross Angel. "EosFit7-GUI: a new graphical user interface for equation of state calculations, analyses and teaching." Journal of Applied Crystallography 49, no. 4 (June 20, 2016): 1377–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576716008050.
Full textAbstract:
EosFit7-GUIis a full graphical user interface designed to simplify the analysis of thermal expansion and equations of state (EoSs). The software allows users to easily perform least-squares fitting of EoS parameters to diffraction data collected as a function of varying pressure, temperature or both. It has been especially designed to allow rapid graphical evaluation of both parametric data and the EoS fitted to the data, making it useful both for data analysis and for teaching.
37
Kholiya, Kuldeep, Jeewan Chandra, and Swati Verma. "Analysis of Equation of States for the Suitability at High Pressure: MgO as an Example." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/289353.
Full textAbstract:
A simple theoretical model is developed to study the high pressure behavior of solids and is applied to evaluate the pressure for MgO in case of large compression along with Shanker, Tait, Vinet, and Birch-Murnaghan equation of states (EOSs). These EOSs are also tested for the basic requirements revealed from the fundamental thermodynamics for solids in the limit of extreme compressions, as given by Stacey. It is found that for the high pressure compression behavior of MgO the present model, Tait, Vinet, and Birch-Murnaghan EOSs give the results compatible with the experimental data. It has also been found that in the regime of ultrahigh pressure the present model and Birch-Murnaghan EOS satisfy the Stacey criterion.
38
Horky, Pavel, Sylvie Skalickova, Kristyna Smerkova, and Jiri Skladanka. "Essential Oils as a Feed Additives: Pharmacokinetics and Potential Toxicity in Monogastric Animals." Animals 9, no. 6 (June 13, 2019): 352. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani9060352.
Full textAbstract:
Essential oils (EOs) are now a hot topic in finding modern substitutes for antibiotics. Many studies have shown positive results and confirmed their high antibacterial activity both in vitro and in vivo. Deservedly, there is an attempt to use EOs as a substitute for antibiotics, which are currently limited by legislation in animal breeding. Given the potential of EOs, studies on their fate in the body need to be summarized. The content of EO’s active substances varies depending on growing conditions and consequently on processing and storage. Their content also changes dynamically during the passage through the gastrointestinal tract and their effective concentration can be noticeably diluted at their place of action (small intestine and colon). Based on the solubility of the individual EO’s active substances, they are eliminated from the body at different rates. Despite a strong antimicrobial effect, some oils can be toxic to the body and cause damage to the liver, kidneys, or gastrointestinal tissues. Reproductive toxicity has been reported for Origanum vulgare and Mentha arvensis. Several publications also address the effect on the genome. It has been observed that EOs can show both genoprotective effects (Syzygium aromaticum) and genotoxicity, as is the case of Cinnamomum camphor. This review shows that although oils are mainly studied as promising antimicrobials, it is also important to assess animal safety.
39
Milne, A. N., R. Leguit, W. E. Corver, F. H. M. Morsink, M. Polak, W. W. de Leng, R. Carvalho, and G. J. A. Offerhaus. "Loss of CDC4/FBXW7 in Gastric Carinoma." Analytical Cellular Pathology 32, no. 5-6 (January 1, 2010): 347–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/403796.
Full textAbstract:
Background: CDC4/FBXW7, encoding a ubiquitin ligase, maps to 4q32 and has been implicated as a tumor suppressor gene and therapeutic target in many tumor types. Mutations in colonic adenomas, and the frequent losses on 4q described in gastric cancer prompt speculation about the role of CDC4/FBXW7 in gastric carcinogenesis.Methods: We assessed the role of CDC4/FBXW7 in gastric cancer, through loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) on 47 flow-sorted gastric carcinomas including early-onset gastric cancers (EOGC) and xenografted conventional gastric carcinomas. Ploidy analysis was carried out on 39 EOGCs and immunohistochemistry of CDC4/FBXW7 and its substrates c-myc, c-jun, Notch and cyclin E was performed on 204 gastric carcinomas using tissue microarrays (TMAs). Sequence analysis of CDC4/FBXW7 was carried out on gastric carcinoma cell lines and xenografts.Results: Loss of heterozygosity of CDC4/FBXW7 occurred in 32% of EOGCs, and correlated with loss of expression in 26%. Loss of expression was frequent in both EOGC and conventional gastric cancers. No CDC4/FBXW7 mutations were found and loss of CDC4/FBXW7 did not correlate with ploidy status. There was a significant correlation between loss of CDC4/FBXW7 expression and upregulation of c-myc.Conclusions: Loss of CDC4/FBXW7 appears to play a role in both EOGC and conventional gastric carcinogenesis, and c-myc overexpression is likely to be an important oncogenic consequence of CDC4/FBXW7 loss.
40
Licari, Amelia, Martina Votto, Enza D’Auria, Riccardo Castagnoli, Silvia Maria Elena Caimmi, and Gian Luigi Marseglia. "Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Diseases in Children: A Practical Review." Current Pediatric Reviews 16, no. 2 (July 1, 2020): 106–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573396315666191022154432.
Full textAbstract:
Primary eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases (EGIDs) represent a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by eosinophilic inflammation in the absence of known causes for eosinophilia, selectively affecting different segments of the gastrointestinal tract. While pediatric eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a well-defined disease with established guidelines, Eosinophilic Gastritis (EoG), Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis (EoGE) and Eosinophilic Colitis (EoC) remain a clinical enigma with evidence based on limited anecdotal case reports. Large cross-sectional studies in the US defined a prevalence of EoG and EoGE ranging from 1,5 to 6,4/100.000 and from 2,7 to 8,3/100.000 subjects respectively, while the prevalence of EoC ranges from 1,7 to 3,5/100.000 subjects. Regarding the pathogenesis, it is hypothesized that EGIDs result from the interplay between genetic predisposition, intestinal dysbiosis and environmental triggers. Clinically, EGIDs might present with different and nonspecific gastrointestinal symptoms depending on the involved intestinal tract and the extension of eosinophilic inflammatory infiltrate. The diagnosis of EGIDs requires: 1. recurrent gastrointestinal symptoms, 2. increased eosinophils for high power field in biopsy specimens, 3. absence of secondary causes of gastrointestinal eosinophilia. No validated guidelines are available on the clinical management of patients with EGIDs. Evidence from case reports and small uncontrolled case series suggests the use of dietary and corticosteroids as the first-line treatments. Considering the clinical follow-up of EGIDs, three different patterns of disease course are identified: single flare, recurring course-disease and chronic course-disease. This review will focus on pediatric EGIDs distal to esophagus, including Eosinophilic Gastritis (EoG), Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis (EoGE) and Eosinophilic Colitis (EoC).
41
Licari, Amelia, Martina Votto, Enza D’Auria, Riccardo Castagnoli, Silvia Maria Elena Caimmi, and Gian Luigi Marseglia. "Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Diseases in Children: A Practical Review." Current Pediatric Reviews 16, no. 2 (May 2020): 106–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157339631566619102215443.
Full textAbstract:
Primary eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases (EGIDs) represent a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by eosinophilic inflammation in the absence of known causes for eosinophilia, selectively affecting different segments of the gastrointestinal tract. While pediatric eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a well-defined disease with established guidelines, Eosinophilic Gastritis (EoG), Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis (EoGE) and Eosinophilic Colitis (EoC) remain a clinical enigma with evidence based on limited anecdotal case reports. Large cross-sectional studies in the US defined a prevalence of EoG and EoGE ranging from 1,5 to 6,4/100.000 and from 2,7 to 8,3/100.000 subjects respectively, while the prevalence of EoC ranges from 1,7 to 3,5/100.000 subjects. Regarding the pathogenesis, it is hypothesized that EGIDs result from the interplay between genetic predisposition, intestinal dysbiosis and environmental triggers. Clinically, EGIDs might present with different and nonspecific gastrointestinal symptoms depending on the involved intestinal tract and the extension of eosinophilic inflammatory infiltrate. The diagnosis of EGIDs requires: 1. recurrent gastrointestinal symptoms, 2. increased eosinophils for high power field in biopsy specimens, 3. absence of secondary causes of gastrointestinal eosinophilia. No validated guidelines are available on the clinical management of patients with EGIDs. Evidence from case reports and small uncontrolled case series suggests the use of dietary and corticosteroids as the first-line treatments. Considering the clinical follow-up of EGIDs, three different patterns of disease course are identified: single flare, recurring course-disease and chronic course-disease. This review will focus on pediatric EGIDs distal to esophagus, including Eosinophilic Gastritis (EoG), Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis (EoGE) and Eosinophilic Colitis (EoC).
42
Fortin, Morgane. "Neutron star equation of state and uncertainty on the radius determination." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 13, S337 (September 2017): 225–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921317008614.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractSimultaneous measurements of the radius and mass of neutron stars (NSs) are expected from the new generation of X-ray telescopes, potentially constraining the NS equation of state (EoS). However using ‘non-unified’ EoSs with the ones for the core and the crust not based on the same nuclear model can introduce an uncertainty on the radius as large as the precision expected from these instruments. I present two solutions to this problem: a large collection of unified EoSs and an approximate and yet precise approach that, with no need of a crust EoS, provides the relation between the NS mass and radius. I discuss correlations between the NS radius and nuclear parameters, possibly allowing to constrain the NS radius with experiments on Earth. Finally, I show that in spite of the observation of massive NSs, one can not exclude that hyperons appear at high densities in NSs due to the scarcity of the available experimental data.
43
Mazevet, S., A. Licari, G. Chabrier, and A. Y. Potekhin. "Ab initio based equation of state of dense water for planetary and exoplanetary modeling." Astronomy & Astrophysics 621 (January 2019): A128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201833963.
Full textAbstract:
Context. The modeling of planetary interiors requires accurate equations of state (EOSs) for the basic constituents with proven validity in the difficult pressure–temperature regime extending up to 50 000 K and hundreds of megabars. While EOSs based on first-principles simulations are now available for the two most abundant elements, hydrogen and helium, the situation is less satisfactory for water where no wide-range EOS is available despite its requirement for interior modeling of planets ranging from super-Earths to planets several times the size of Jupiter. Aims. As a first step toward a multi-phase EOS for dense water, we develop a temperature-dependent EOS for dense water covering the liquid and plasma regimes and extending to the super-ionic and gas regimes. This equation of state covers the complete range of conditions encountered in planetary modeling. Methods. We use first-principles quantum molecular dynamics simulations and the Thomas-Fermi extension to reach the highest pressures encountered in giant planets several times the size of Jupiter. Using these results, as well as the data available at lower pressures, we obtain a parametrization of the Helmholtz free energy adjusted over this extended temperature and pressure domain. The parametrization ignores the entropy and density jumps at phase boundaries but we show that it is sufficiently accurate to model interior properties of most planets and exoplanets. Results. We produce an EOS given in analytical form that is readily usable in planetary modeling codes and dynamical simulations (a fortran implementation is provided). The EOS produced is valid for the entire density range relevant to planetary modeling, for densities where quantum effects for the ions can be neglected, and for temperatures below 50 000K. We use this EOS to calculate the mass-radius relationship of exoplanets up to 5000 MEarth, explore temperature effects in the wet Earth-like, ocean planets and pure water planets, and quantify the influence of the water EOS for the core on the gravitational moments of Jupiter.
44
CHENG, XIYUE, and YI KONG. "COMPARISON OF EQUATION OF STATE AND THE FOUR-PARAMETER Li EQUATION OF STATE IN ALLOY." Modern Physics Letters B 25, no. 18 (July 20, 2011): 1557–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984911026425.
Full textAbstract:
Eleven types of the equation of state (EOS) are compared and classified into two groups, linear EOS and exponential EOS. The qualities of these two EOS groups are then verified with the data of 50 alloys. Through the comparison, it is found that the exponential Li equation gives a more reliable result when the fitting energy versus volume points are scattered in a wide scale or have a large number of data to fit. However, when the fitting data concentrate is in a small area near the equilibrium point, the linear four-parameter Birch–Murnaghan EOS has a better fitting result. Moreover, it is found that the Li equation has the best performance among these exponential EOSs with the smallest fitting errors. Additionally, there is a correlation found to be (PC/B0)/[(VC/V0)/V0] ≈ 0.3087 between ultimate strength PC and critical volume VC for the stable phases among the studied alloys.
45
Dohi, Akira, Nobuya Nishimura, Masa-aki Hashimoto, Yasuhide Matsuo, Tsuneo Noda, and Shigehiro Nagataki. "Effects of Nuclear Equation of State on Type-I X-ray Bursts and Implication for Clocked Burster GS 1826–24." EPJ Web of Conferences 260 (2022): 05002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202226005002.
Full textAbstract:
We study the effects of nuclear equation of state (EOS) on Type-I X-ray bursts, focusing on the Clocked burster GS 1826–24. According to the shell-flush model, the surface gravity of the neutron stars (NSs) strengthens burst activities, where the recurrence time and peak luminosity are higher for larger-radius EOSs. We show that such a prediction matches with the full multi-zone model, in which whole NS regions are considered in burst calculation. We also show that the large-radius EOSs are not preferred to account for the observed light curves of GS 1826–24.
46
Gaburo, N., J. Freire de Carvalho, C. Timo-Iaria, C. Bueno, M. Reichlin, V. S. T. Viana, and E. Bonfá. "Electrophysiological dysfunction induced by anti-ribosomal P protein antibodies injection into the lateral ventricle of the rat brain." Lupus 26, no. 5 (April 2017): 463–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0961203316666185.
Full textAbstract:
Objective Anti-ribosomal P antibodies (anti-P) are strongly associated with neuropsychiatric lupus. This study was designed to determine whether these antibodies are capable of causing electro-oscillogram (EOSG) and behavior alterations in rats. Methods IgG fraction anti-P positive and affinity-purified anti-P antibodies were injected intraventricularly in rats. Sequential cortical and subcortical EOSGs were analyzed during 30 days. IgG anti-Ro/SS-A and normal IgG were used as controls. Results All 13 animals injected with IgG anti-P demonstrated a high prevalence of polyspikes, diffusely distributed in hippocampal fields and cerebral cortex. These abnormalities persisted approximately a month. Remarkably, an identical electrical disturbance was observed with the inoculation of affinity-purified anti-P antibodies. The EOSG alterations were associated with behavioral disorders with varying degrees of severity in every animal injected with anti-P. In contrast, no changes in EOSG or behavioral disturbances were observed in the control group. Conclusion Our study indicates that anti-P antibodies can directly induce electrophysiological dysfunction in central nervous system particularly in hippocampus and cortex associated with behavior disturbances.
47
Xian, Yunting, Shikai Xiang, Lei Liu, Junxiang Chen, and Yin Luo. "Accurate equation of state of rhenium as pressure scale up to 130 GPa and 3200 K." AIP Advances 12, no. 5 (May 1, 2022): 055313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0089292.
Full textAbstract:
The equations of states (EOSs) of inert metals are generally used as pressure scales in a high-pressure experiment. However, the thermodynamic model and the method used to constrain the parameters of the EOSs of these metals may cause pressure deviations of up to 7% at 100 GPa and room temperature, and even higher at higher pressures and higher temperatures. In this study, we provide a new approach for obtaining accurate EOS of inert metals. First, we use a set of thermodynamic models, within the quasi-Debye framework, to describe the thermodynamics. Second, both the volume vs pressure data from the shock compression experiment and the volume vs sound velocity data from the static compression experiment are used to constrain the parameters in the EOS formula. In the fitting process, a weighted least-square method based on the uncertainty of these data is used. The calculated Grüneisen parameter shows a strong dependence not only on volume but also on temperature. The variation of the Grüneisen parameter of Re can increase by up to 7% per 103 K under the same volume, which means the previous temperature-independent approximation of the Grüneisen parameter may cause an underestimate of the pressure at high temperature. The pressure–volume–temperature EOS of Re up to 140 GPa and 3200 K is established, which can be used as a high-pressure and high-temperature pressure gauge in the future.
48
Dohi, A., N. Nishimura, M. Hashimoto, Y. Matsuo, T. Noda, and S. Nagataki. "Effects of the Nuclear Equation of State on Type I X-Ray Bursts: Interpretation of the X-Ray Bursts from GS 1826–24." Astrophysical Journal 923, no. 1 (December 1, 2021): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac2821.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Type I X-ray bursts are thermonuclear explosions on the neutron star (NS) surface caused by mass accretion from a companion star. Observations of X-ray bursts provide valuable information on X-ray binary systems, e.g., binary parameters, the chemical composition of accreted matter, and the nuclear equation of state (EOS). There have been several theoretical studies to constrain the physics of X-ray bursters. However, they have mainly focused on the burning layers above the solid crust of the NS, which brings up issues of the treatment of NS gravitational and internal energy. In this study, focusing on the microphysics inside NSs, we calculate a series of X-ray bursts using a general-relativistic stellar-evolution code with several NS EOSs. We compare the X-ray-burst models with the burst parameters of a clocked burster associated with GS 1826–24. We find a monotonic correlation between the NS radius and the light-curve profile. A larger radius shows a higher recurrence time and a large peak luminosity. In contrast, the dependence of light curves on the NS mass becomes more complicated, where neutrino cooling suppresses the efficiency of nuclear ignition. We also constrain the EOS and mass of GS 1826–24, i.e., stiffer EOSs, corresponding to larger NS radii, are not preferred due to a too-high peak luminosity. The EOS and the cooling and heating of NSs are important to discuss the theoretical and observational properties of X-ray bursts.
49
Bouffi, Carine, Kaila L. Schollaert, David W. Morris, and Patricia C. Fulkerson. "Eosinophil migration is regulated by the transcription factor Aiolos." Journal of Immunology 196, no. 1_Supplement (May 1, 2016): 59.9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.196.supp.59.9.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Accumulation of an abnormally high number of eosinophils (Eos) in tissues often results in damage and organ dysfunction in allergic disease. Preclinical and clinical studies have established that CCR3 ligands (CCL11, CCL24, CCL26) are critical for disease-associated tissue eosinophilia. Yet, blockade of the individual mediators (e.g. CCR3, CCL11) has been insufficient to completely resolve tissue eosinophilia, likely due to simultaneous local expression of multiple Eos-attracting mediators acting in parallel. Thus, delineating the molecular mechanisms that control Eos trafficking into tissues is clinically significant. We recently reported that the transcription factor Aiolos is expressed in murine Eos progenitors (EoPs) as well as mature Eos in mice and humans. We now show that the migratory response of Aiolos-deficient (AiolosKO) Eos is markedly impaired toward CCR3 ligands in vitro and in vivo, along with significantly reduced mRNA and surface expression of CCR3. Notably, migration of AiolosKO Eos toward leukotriene B4 is significantly reduced, suggesting that Aiolos-deficiency results in a global migratory defect. We also demonstrate a profound reduction in Eos accumulation in the small intestine of AiolosKO mice. These latter findings provide in vivo relevance to our findings as intestinal eosinophilia is CCL11 and CCR3 dependent. We further show that migration of adoptively transferred AiolosKO Eos into the airway of allergen-challenged mice was significantly reduced when compared to wild-type Eos in an experimental model of asthma, highlighting an intrinsic defect in tissue trafficking in the AiolosKO Eos. Collectively, our studies implicate Aiolos as a global regulator for eosinophil migration.
50
Katsura, Tomoo, and Yoshinori Tange. "A Simple Derivation of the Birch–Murnaghan Equations of State (EOSs) and Comparison with EOSs Derived from Other Definitions of Finite Strain." Minerals 9, no. 12 (November 30, 2019): 745. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min9120745.
Full textAbstract:
Eulerian finite strain of an elastically isotropic body is defined using the expansion of squared length and the post-compression state as reference. The key to deriving second-, third- and fourth-order Birch–Murnaghan equations-of-state (EOSs) is not requiring a differential to describe the dimensions of a body owing to isotropic, uniform, and finite change in length and, therefore, volume. Truncation of higher orders of finite strain to express the Helmholtz free energy is not equal to ignoring higher-order pressure derivatives of the bulk modulus as zero. To better understand the Eulerian scheme, finite strain is defined by taking the pre-compressed state as the reference and EOSs are derived in both the Lagrangian and Eulerian schemes. In the Lagrangian scheme, pressure increases less significantly upon compression than the Eulerian scheme. Different Eulerian strains are defined by expansion of linear and cubed length and the first- and third-power Eulerian EOSs are derived in these schemes. Fitting analysis of pressure-scale-free data using these equations indicates that the Lagrangian scheme is inappropriate to describe P-V-T relations of MgO, whereas three Eulerian EOSs including the Birch–Murnaghan EOS have equivalent significance.