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Journal articles on the topic 'Enzymatic regulations'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 June 2023

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1

Xu, Chiwei, Brian Franklin, Hong-Wen Tang, et al. "An in vivo RNAi screen uncovers the role of AdoR signaling and adenosine deaminase in controlling intestinal stem cell activity." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 1 (2019): 464–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1900103117.

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Metabolites are increasingly appreciated for their roles as signaling molecules. To dissect the roles of metabolites, it is essential to understand their signaling pathways and their enzymatic regulations. From an RNA interference (RNAi) screen for regulators of intestinal stem cell (ISC) activity in theDrosophilamidgut, we identifiedadenosine receptor(AdoR) as a top candidate gene required for ISC proliferation. We demonstrate that Ras/MAPK and Protein Kinase A (PKA) signaling act downstream of AdoR and that Ras/MAPK mediates the major effect of AdoR on ISC proliferation. Extracellular adenos

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Noree, Chalongrat, and Naraporn Sirinonthanawech. "Coupled regulations of enzymatic activity and structure formation of aldehyde dehydrogenase Ald4p." Biology Open 9, no. 4 (2020): bio051110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/bio.051110.

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3

Naka, Takashi. "The partition representation of enzymatic reaction networks and its application for searching bi-stable reaction systems." PLOS ONE 17, no. 1 (2022): e0263111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0263111.

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The signal transduction system, which is known as a regulatory mechanism for biochemical reaction systems in the cell, has been the subject of intensive research in recent years, and its design methods have become necessary from the viewpoint of synthetic biology. We proposed the partition representation of enzymatic reaction networks consisting of post-translational modification reactions such as phosphorylation, which is an important basic component of signal transduction systems, and attempted to find enzymatic reaction networks with bistability to demonstrate the effectiveness of the propo

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Novoselov, M. A., I. I. Iline, Z. Sinovcic, and C. B. Phillips. "Is this imported food compliant with biosecurity regulations." New Zealand Plant Protection 67 (January 8, 2014): 322. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2014.67.5761.

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Imported food products can carry biosecurity hazards such as animal plant and human diseases To reduce this risk imported foods that contain ingredients of animal origin must be retorted in compliance with a New Zealand Ministry for Primary Industries (MPI) Import Health Standard AgResearch and MPI have developed a proofofconcept enzymatic colorimetric assay (Iline et al 2013; Proof of concept for a biochemical test that differentiates between heattreated and nonheattreated food products New Zealand Plant Protection 66 3439) In April 2014 MPI asked for a test to determine if a tinned food impo

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Sassone-Corsi, Paolo. "Minireview: NAD+, a Circadian Metabolite with an Epigenetic Twist." Endocrinology 153, no. 1 (2012): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2011-1535.

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Abstract A wide variety of endocrine, physiological, and metabolic functions follow daily oscillations. Most of these regulations are controlled at the level of gene expression by the circadian clock and, a remarkably coordinated transcription-translation machinery that exerts its function in virtually all mammalian cells. A large fraction of the genome is under control of the circadian clock, a regulation that is achieved through dynamic changes in chromatin states. Recent findings have demonstrated intimate connections between the circadian clock and epigenetic control. The case of nicotinam

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Teparić, Renata, Mateja Lozančić, and Vladimir Mrša. "Evolutionary Overview of Molecular Interactions and Enzymatic Activities in the Yeast Cell Walls." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 23 (2020): 8996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21238996.

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Fungal cell walls are composed of a polysaccharide network that serves as a scaffold in which different glycoproteins are embedded. Investigation of fungal cell walls, besides simple identification and characterization of the main cell wall building blocks, covers the pathways and regulations of synthesis of each individual component of the wall and biochemical reactions by which they are cross-linked and remodeled in response to different growth phase and environmental signals. In this review, a survey of composition and organization of so far identified and characterized cell wall components

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Gu, Bon-Hee, Myunghoo Kim, and Cheol-Heui Yun. "Regulation of Gastrointestinal Immunity by Metabolites." Nutrients 13, no. 1 (2021): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13010167.

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The gastrointestinal tract contains multiple types of immune cells that maintain the balance between tolerance and activation at the first line of host defense facing non-self antigens, including dietary antigens, commensal bacteria, and sometimes unexpected pathogens. The maintenance of homeostasis at the gastrointestinal tract requires stringent regulation of immune responses against various environmental conditions. Dietary components can be converted into gut metabolites with unique functional activities through host as well as microbial enzymatic activities. Accumulating evidence demonstr

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Gu, Bon-Hee, Myunghoo Kim, and Cheol-Heui Yun. "Regulation of Gastrointestinal Immunity by Metabolites." Nutrients 13, no. 1 (2021): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13010167.

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The gastrointestinal tract contains multiple types of immune cells that maintain the balance between tolerance and activation at the first line of host defense facing non-self antigens, including dietary antigens, commensal bacteria, and sometimes unexpected pathogens. The maintenance of homeostasis at the gastrointestinal tract requires stringent regulation of immune responses against various environmental conditions. Dietary components can be converted into gut metabolites with unique functional activities through host as well as microbial enzymatic activities. Accumulating evidence demonstr

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9

Medina-Herrera, Miriam del Rocío, María de la Luz Xochilt Negrete-Rodríguez, José Luis Álvarez-Trejo, et al. "Evaluation of Non-Conventional Biological and Molecular Parameters as Potential Indicators of Quality and Functionality of Urban Biosolids Used as Organic Amendments of Agricultural Soils." Applied Sciences 10, no. 2 (2020): 517. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10020517.

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Biosolids are waste from wastewater treatment and have a high content of organic matter and nutrients. In this study, not conventional physicochemical and biological properties of biosolids produced during different seasons of the year were evaluated. These properties are not considered in environmental regulations; however, they are of agronomic interest as indicators of quality and functionality in soils. Also, molecular analysis by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) was conducted, enzymatic analysis using the APIZYM® system was performed and two indices of functional and microbial diversity

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Batool, Sadia, Hafiz Naeem Asghar, Muhammad Asif Shehzad, et al. "Zinc-Solubilizing Bacteria-Mediated Enzymatic and Physiological Regulations Confer Zinc Biofortification in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)." Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 21, no. 3 (2021): 2456–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42729-021-00537-6.

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Sun, Mo E., and Qingfei Zheng. "The Tale of DJ-1 (PARK7): A Swiss Army Knife in Biomedical and Psychological Research." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 8 (2023): 7409. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24087409.

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DJ-1 (also known as PARK7) is a multifunctional enzyme in human beings that is highly conserved and that has also been discovered in diverse species (ranging from prokaryotes to eukaryotes). Its complex enzymatic and non-enzymatic activities (such as anti-oxidation, anti-glycation, and protein quality control), as well as its role as a transcriptional coactivator, enable DJ-1 to serve as an essential regulator in multiple cellular processes (e.g., epigenetic regulations) and make it a promising therapeutic target for diverse diseases (especially cancer and Parkinson’s disease). Due to its natu

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Rbies, Antoni, Albert Cabrera, and Francesc Centrich. "Determination of Synthetic Hormones in Animal Urine by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 90, no. 2 (2007): 626–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/90.2.626.

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Abstract A method was developed for the extraction of stanozolol, taleranol, zeranol, hexestrol, dienestrol, ethynylestradiol, diethylstilbestrol, and trenbolone from animal urine. The analytes were extracted from the matrix by enzymatic hydrolysis, solid-phase extraction, and liquidliquid extraction. Detection and quantitation were performed on a high-performance liquid chromatography system coupled to a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. The identification criteria met the European Union regulations. Validation of this method established a decision limit between 0.2 and 0.9 μg/L and a dete

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Defer, Nicole, Martin Best-Belpomme, and Jacques Hanoune. "Tissue specificity and physiological relevance of various isoforms of adenylyl cyclase." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 279, no. 3 (2000): F400—F416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.2000.279.3.f400.

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The present review focuses on the potential physiological regulations involving different isoforms of adenylyl cyclase (AC), the enzymatic activity responsible for the synthesis of cAMP from ATP. Depending on the properties and the relative level of the isoforms expressed in a tissue or a cell type at a specific time, extracellular signals received by the G protein-coupled receptors can be differently integrated. We report here on various aspects of such regulations, emphasizing the role of Ca2+/calmodulin in activating AC1 and AC8 in the central nervous system, the potential inhibitory effect

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Espinoza, Deyvis, and Augusto Castillo. "Technological advances in obtaining, identifying and producing protein hydrolysates from fish residues by enzymatic action: bioactive and techno-functional properties, application in food, market and regulation." Scientia Agropecuaria 13, no. 2 (2022): 135–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2022.012.

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At present, numerous methodologies have been developed to obtain the maximum use of fish proteins, to satisfy human nutritional demand, this use has been made both from whole fish and from its residues or by-products (liver, head, skin, gonads, skeleton, and viscera) which represent up to 60% of the whole fish. Whole fish and by-products can potentially be used as sources of essential amino acids, collagen, gelatin, polyunsaturated lipids, and enzymes. Using enzymatic technology, protein hydrolysates have been obtained with ample potential for their application as ingredients in the developmen

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Babotă, Mihai, Oleg Frumuzachi, Alexandru Nicolescu, et al. "Thymus Species from Romanian Spontaneous Flora as Promising Source of Phenolic Secondary Metabolites with Health-Related Benefits." Antioxidants 12, no. 2 (2023): 390. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox12020390.

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Wild thyme aerial parts (Serpylli herba) are recognized as a valuable herbal product with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial effects. Although pharmacopoeial regulations allow its collection exclusively from Thymus serpyllum, substitution with other species is frequent in current practice. This study analyzed the phenolic composition, antioxidant, and enzyme-inhibitory and antimicrobial activity of the hydroethanolic extracts obtained from five Romanian wild thyme species (Thymus alpestris, T. glabrescens, T. panonicus, T. pulcherimus and T. pulegioides). The analysis of individ

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Zhang, Wei-Ni, Ding-Ping Bai, Yi-Fan Huang, Chong-Wei Hu, Qing-Xi Chen та Xiao-Hong Huang. "Enzymatic characterizations and activity regulations of N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase from the spermary of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)". Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering 117, № 2 (2014): 153–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiosc.2013.07.014.

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Shan, Shujun, Yue Qi, Jihong Jiang, and Song Guo. "Prediction and Analysis of Protein Ubiquitin Sites in the Model Plant A. thaliana." Scientific Programming 2021 (February 21, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6694846.

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Ubiquitin is an important type of protein after translational modification. Ubiquitin has the ability to take part in several cellular regulations among several biological processions. At the same time, ubiquitin plays key roles in the enzymatic process. So as to construct the new tool to classify the ubiquitin amino acid residues, we employed the random forest model to classify the ubiquitin sites utilizing the experimentally identified ubiquitinated protein sequences of A. thaliana. More detailed, we utilized the k-spaced amino acid pair (CKSAAP) encoding and binary encoding to deal with the

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Staszewska, Ewelina, and Małgorzata Pawłowska. "Control of Landfill Gases Emission with Particular Emphasis on Btex." Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S 19, no. 2 (2012): 239–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10216-011-0018-7.

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Control of Landfill Gases Emission with Particular Emphasis on BtexLandfilling is the most popular way for waste disposal and has been widely applied globally. A large quantity of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is released from landfills. Among them, BTEX (benzene, toluene ethylbenzene and xylene) is a major group of pollutants, which have now become a cause for concern worldwide because of their toxic properties. For this reason, strict regulations have come into force which induce researchers to find methods to reduce their emissions. This article contains descriptions of several aerobic

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Harsanto, Budi, Ina Primiana, Vita Sarasi, and Yayan Satyakti. "Sustainability Innovation in the Textile Industry: A Systematic Review." Sustainability 15, no. 2 (2023): 1549. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15021549.

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The aim of this review study is to understand the current state and practice of sustainability innovation in the textile industry. The textile industry is regarded as one of the industries that faces the biggest challenges in incorporating sustainability in its business practices. In this study, we conducted a systematic review to synthesize empirical knowledge relevant to sustainable innovation in the textile industry. From the systematic search process, 41 papers that were identified met the criteria of inclusion and were then analyzed qualitatively using thematic analysis. The findings show

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Filgueira, Daniel, Cristian Bolaño, Susana Gouveia, and Diego Moldes. "Enzymatic Functionalization of Wood as an Antifouling Strategy against the Marine Bacterium Cobetia marina." Polymers 13, no. 21 (2021): 3795. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13213795.

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The protection of wood in marine environments is a major challenge due to the high sensitivity of wood to both water and marine microorganisms. Besides, the environmental regulations are pushing the industry to develop novel effective and environmentally friendly treatments to protect wood in marine environments. The present study focused on the development of a new green methodology based on the laccase-assisted grafting of lauryl gallate (LG) onto wood to improve its marine antifouling properties. Initially, the enzymatic treatment conditions (laccase dose, time of reaction, LG concentration

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Lokman, Ezarul Faradianna, Siti Mastura Abdul Aziz, Aina Shafiza Ibrahim, Nurleyna Yunus, Awang Zulfikar Rizal Awang Seruji, and Sal Hazreen Bugam. "Hepatic Glucose Regulations by Sago (Metroxylon sagu) Resistant Starch in Diabetic Goto Kakizaki Rat." International Journal of Biomedical Science 17, no. 3 (2021): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.59566/ijbs.2021.17028.

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Resistant starch (RS) Sago (Metroxylon sagu) intake has been linked with the improvement in postprandial hyperglycemia and diabetes management via several modes of action including delayed glucose absorption and inhibition of carbohydrate digestion in the gastrointestinal tract. However, to our knowledge, studies on local Malaysian sago RS associated with hepatic glucose production has not been reported elsewhere. Thus, this study was done to identify the underlying mechanisms of local Malaysian RS sago native and modified known as sago RS type 2 (sago RS2) and type 4 (sago RS4) respectively i

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Raffa, Carla Maria, and Fulvia Chiampo. "Bioremediation of Agricultural Soils Polluted with Pesticides: A Review." Bioengineering 8, no. 7 (2021): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering8070092.

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Pesticides are chemical compounds used to eliminate pests; among them, herbicides are compounds particularly toxic to weeds, and this property is exploited to protect the crops from unwanted plants. Pesticides are used to protect and maximize the yield and quality of crops. The excessive use of these chemicals and their persistence in the environment have generated serious problems, namely pollution of soil, water, and, to a lower extent, air, causing harmful effects to the ecosystem and along the food chain. About soil pollution, the residual concentration of pesticides is often over the limi

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Janic-Hajnal, Elizabet, Aleksandra Torbica, and Jasna Mastilovic. "Influence of degree of wheat infestation with Fusarium on its technological quality and safety." Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke, no. 120 (2011): 61–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zmspn1120061j.

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Climatic conditions prior to wheat harvest 2010 were favorable for the development of field molds. The most important wheat contamination that should be determined is the presence and frequency of grain lots infected with Fusarium. This paper presents the results of content of fusarious kernels found in samples collected from all wheat growing regions of Serbia. Investigations were performed according to the regulations which foresee sensory determination of content of infected kernels. Determined average content of fusarious kernels was 6.01%, varying in range from 0% to 29.65 %. The obtained

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Jahnová, Jana, Lenka Luhová, and Marek Petřivalský. "S-Nitrosoglutathione Reductase—The Master Regulator of Protein S-Nitrosation in Plant NO Signaling." Plants 8, no. 2 (2019): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants8020048.

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S-nitrosation has been recognized as an important mechanism of protein posttranslational regulations, based on the attachment of a nitroso group to cysteine thiols. Reversible S-nitrosation, similarly to other redox-base modifications of protein thiols, has a profound effect on protein structure and activity and is considered as a convergence of signaling pathways of reactive nitrogen and oxygen species. In plant, S-nitrosation is involved in a wide array of cellular processes during normal development and stress responses. This review summarizes current knowledge on S-nitrosoglutathione reduc

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Foltzer-Jourdainne, C., M. Kedinger, and F. Raul. "Perinatal expression of brush-border hydrolases in rat colon: hormonal and tissue regulations." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 257, no. 4 (1989): G496—G503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1989.257.4.g496.

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The evolution pattern of brush-border digestive hydrolases and their hormonal regulation were studied in the proximal colon of newborn rats. The potentiality of the colon to express a small intestinal enzymatic pattern was also examined in associations made up of colonic endoderm and small intestinal mesenchyme, developed as either intracelomic grafts in 3-day-old chick embryos or as intrarenal grafts in adult rats. A transient increase of lactase- and aminopeptidase-specific activities occurred in the colon from the 19th day of gestation to 14 days after birth, but sucrase activity could neve

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Strunecka, Anna, and Otakar Strunecky. "Mechanisms of Fluoride Toxicity: From Enzymes to Underlying Integrative Networks." Applied Sciences 10, no. 20 (2020): 7100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10207100.

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Fluoride has been employed in laboratory investigations since the early 20th century. These studies opened the understanding of fluoride interventions to fundamental biological processes. Millions of people living in endemic fluorosis areas suffer from various pathological disturbances. The practice of community water fluoridation used prophylactically against dental caries increased concern of adverse fluoride effects. We assessed the publications on fluoride toxicity until June 2020. We present evidence that fluoride is an enzymatic poison, inducing oxidative stress, hormonal disruptions, an

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Zhen, Yongkang, Pipatpong Chundang, Yu Zhang, et al. "Impacts of Killing Process on the Nutrient Content, Product Stability and In Vitro Digestibility of Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) Larvae Meals." Applied Sciences 10, no. 17 (2020): 6099. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10176099.

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The black soldier fly (BSF, Hermetia illucens) is considered a potential sustainable insect alternative source of protein for animal feed. The quality of a BSF meal is greatly influenced by the killing method and the purpose of this article is to compare the influences of different killing methods. BSFs at the 18-day-old prepupae stage were separated into six different killing methods with three replicates: 1. blending, 2. freezing, 3. CO2 treatment, 4. vacuum, 5. blanching and 6. CO2 plus blanching. After killing, BSF larvae meals were obtained by hot air oven drying and grinding. The chemica

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Mejrhit, Najlae, Yousra Azdad, Ouarda Azdad, and Lotfi Aarab. "Determination of histamine levels in commonly consumed fish in the region of Fez." British Food Journal 120, no. 10 (2018): 2388–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-12-2017-0670.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is, first, to evaluate the quality of commonly consumed fish species in Fez region (Morocco) by quantifying the levels of histamine in fresh fish samples using competitive enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA), and then to study the effect of heating and enzymatic digestion on the level of fish-histamine. Design/methodology/approach Histamine content was tested on 80 fresh fish samples of 11 species collected from various local stores in Fez region, from February to March 2016. The analyses were performed using a competitive ELISA assay to measure histami

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Levchyk, Nataliia, Alla Liubinska, Tetiana Todosiichuk, Jamal Rakhmetov, and Maria Diakova. "THE DEVELOPMENT OF BIOLOGICAL PRODUCT FOR PLANT GROWING ON THE BASIS OF STREPTOMYCES ALBUS." EUREKA: Life Sciences 5 (September 30, 2016): 32–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2504-5695.2016.00235.

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In this work the influence of experimental forms of biological product from Streptomyces albus UN44 on the growth processes of agricultural plants (wheat, peas, corn) was studied. The advantages of the preparation are demonstrated, which contains not only antibiotic and enzymatic complexes, synthesized by the producer, but also its biomass for the stimulation of seed germination processes, growth and development of the said plants seedlings. The proposed process description of biological product Streptofungin-Phyto production in two forms is the basis for engineering development and operating

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Kosar, Firdos, Khalid S. Alshallash, Nudrat Aisha Akram, et al. "Trehalose-Induced Regulations in Nutrient Status and Secondary Metabolites of Drought-Stressed Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Plants." Plants 11, no. 20 (2022): 2780. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11202780.

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Trehalose regulates key physio-biochemical parameters, antioxidants, and the yield of plants exposed to a dry environment. A study was conducted to assess the regulatory roles of exogenously applied trehalose in drought-stressed sunflower plants. Two cultivars of sunflowers (Hysun 33 and FH 598) were subjected to drought stress (60% field capacity) and varying (0, 10, 20, and 30 mM) concentrations of trehalose. The data indicated that water stress significantly reduced the shoot length, root length, total soluble proteins, shoot Ca2+, root P, relative water content (RWC), and achene yield per

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Salcedo Reyes, Juan Carlos, Octavio Alejandro Castañeda Uribe, Luis David Gomez Méndez, Aura Marina Pedroza Rodríguez, and Raul Alberto Poutou Piñales. "A scoping and critical review of properties, standards, and regulations of oxo-biodegradable plastics." Universitas Scientiarum 28, no. 1 (2023): 65–139. http://dx.doi.org/10.11144/javeriana.sc281.asac.

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Based on recent scientific-technical developments referring to the transformation and biodegradation mechanisms of plastic compounds, progress has been made both in the conceptualization of relevant definitions and in the development of technical standards that allow determining, in a more precise and reproducible way, the ratio of biodegradability of a determined material. From these advances, they have developed, furthermore, the so-called oxo-biodegradable plastics, in which pro-oxidant additives are added to the raw polymer in such a way that allow a optimal abiotic transformation process

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Salter, Robert S., John Fitchen, B. Bain, et al. "Evaluation of a Chemiluminescence Method for Measuring Alkaline Phosphatase Activity in WholeMilk of Multiple Species and Bovine Dairy Drinks: Interlaboratory Study." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 89, no. 4 (2006): 1061–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/89.4.1061.

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Abstract Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is a ubiquitous enzyme in milk with timetemperature destruction similar to that of certain pathogens destroyed in pasteurization. Measurement of ALP to indicate proper pasteurization is a common practice. Recently the public health level for ALP was decreased to 350 mU/L, a level below the sensitivity of older colorimetric ALP methods. This study was conducted within the structure of the International Dairy Federation and the International Organization for Standardization to evaluate the reproducibility of the chemiluminescence method (Charm PasLite) for ALP

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Ferrito, Raffa, Rossitto, Federico, Saccone, and Pappalardo. "Swordfish or Shark Slice? A Rapid Response by COIBar–RFLP." Foods 8, no. 11 (2019): 537. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods8110537.

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Market transparency is in strong demand by consumers, and the authentication of species is an important step for seafood traceability. In this study, a simple molecular strategy, COIBar–RFLP (cytochrome oxidase I barcode–restriction fragment length polymorphism), is proposed to unveil commercial fraud based on the practice of species substitution in the swordfish trade. In particular, COI barcoding allowed the identification of the species Prionace glauca, Mustelus mustelus, and Oxynotus centrina in slices labeled as Xiphias gladius. Furthermore, the enzymatic digestion of COI amplicons using

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Ramzan, Rabia, Amalia M. Dolga, Susanne Michels, et al. "Cytochrome c Oxidase Inhibition by ATP Decreases Mitochondrial ROS Production." Cells 11, no. 6 (2022): 992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11060992.

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This study addresses the eventual consequence of cytochrome c oxidase (CytOx) inhibition by ATP at high ATP/ADP ratio in isolated rat heart mitochondria. Earlier, it has been demonstrated that the mechanism of allosteric ATP inhibition of CytOx is one of the key regulations of mitochondrial functions. It is relevant that aiming to maintain a high ATP/ADP ratio for the measurement of CytOx activity effectuating the enzymatic inhibition as well as mitochondrial respiration, optimal concentration of mitochondria is critically important. Likewise, only at this concentration, were the differences i

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Parashar, Abhinav, Daniel Andrew Gideon, and Kelath Murali Manoj. "Murburn Concept: A Molecular Explanation for Hormetic and Idiosyncratic Dose Responses." Dose-Response 16, no. 2 (2018): 155932581877442. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1559325818774421.

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Recently, electron transfers and catalyses in a bevy of redox reactions mediated by hemeproteins were explained by murburn concept. The term “murburn” is abstracted from “ mur ed burn ing” or “ m ild u n r estricted burn ing” and connotes a novel “ m olecule- u nbound ion– r adical” interaction paradigm. Quite unlike the genetic regulations and protein-level affinity-based controls that govern order and specificity/selectivity in conventional treatments, murburn concept is based on stochastic/thermodynamic regulatory principles. The novel insight necessitates a “reactivity outside the active-s

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Denizot, Yves, Thierry Chianéa, François Labrousse, Véronique Truffinet, Manuela Delage, and Muriel Mathonnet. "Platelet-activating factor and human thyroid cancer." European Journal of Endocrinology 153, no. 1 (2005): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje.1.01947.

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Objective: Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a pro-inflammatory and angiogenic lipid mediator involved in several types of cancer in humans. The levels of PAF, lyso-PAF (the PAF precursor), phospholipase A2 activity (PLA2, the enzymatic activity implicated in lyso-PAF formation) and acetylhydrolase activity (AHA, the PAF-degrading enzyme) were investigated in various diseased thyroid tissues. Subjects: Control and diseased tissue of patients with a hyperplastic goitre (n = 14), a benign adenoma (n = 12) and a papillary thyroid carcinoma (n = 15) were investigated. Results: PAF receptor trans

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Botelho, Renato Vasconcelos, Roberta Roberti, Paola Tessarin, José María Garcia-Mina, and Adamo Domenico Rombolà. "Physiological responses of grapevines to biodynamic management." Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 31, no. 5 (2015): 402–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742170515000320.

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AbstractA 3-year (2011–2013) field trial was carried out in a mature vineyard (Vitis vinifera L., cv. Sangiovese), planted in 2003, to assess physiological responses of grapevines to biodynamic management. Starting in 2007, the vineyard was managed with organic production protocols in accordance with EC Regulations (834/2007). In 2008, the vineyard (2 ha) was divided in two large plots, with each plot having similar soil physico-chemical properties. One of the plots was managed with organic protocols per EC Regulations and the other with biodynamic practices, consisting of spray application of

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Petrovic, Marija, Gerrit Borchard, and Olivier Jordan. "Polyethylenimine/cGAMP Nanocomplexes for STING-Mediated Cancer Immunotherapy: Formulation and Characterization Using Orthogonal Techniques." Processes 10, no. 5 (2022): 882. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10050882.

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Cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) has lately been extensively investigated in cancer immunotherapy due its activation of the innate immunity stimulation of interferon genes (STING) pathway within antigen presenting cells (APC) leading to an increase in tumor specific CD8+ T cells. As negatively charged dinucleotides are prone to enzymatic degradation before being taken up by APC, there is a need for an appropriate carrier. Therefore, polyethylenimine (PEI), a gold standard for oligonucleotide delivery, was selected. Molecular weight, type of PEI and N/P ratio between PEI/cGAMP were investigated in terms

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Pylak, Michał, Karolina Oszust, and Magdalena Frąc. "Searching for New Beneficial Bacterial Isolates of Wild Raspberries for Biocontrol of Phytopathogens-Antagonistic Properties and Functional Characterization." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 24 (2020): 9361. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21249361.

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The threat caused by plants fungal and fungal-like pathogens is a serious problem in the organic farming of soft fruits. The European Commission regulations prohibit some commercially available chemical plant protection products, and instead recommend the use of natural methods for improving the microbial soil status and thus increasing resistance to biotic stresses caused by phytopathogens. The solution to this problem may be biopreparations based on, e.g., bacteria, especially those isolated from native local environments. To select proper bacterial candidates for biopreparation, research wa

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Morita, Mitsuhiro, Hiroko Ikeshima-Kataoka, Marko Kreft, Nina Vardjan, Robert Zorec, and Mami Noda. "Metabolic Plasticity of Astrocytes and Aging of the Brain." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 4 (2019): 941. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20040941.

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As part of the blood-brain-barrier, astrocytes are ideally positioned between cerebral vasculature and neuronal synapses to mediate nutrient uptake from the systemic circulation. In addition, astrocytes have a robust enzymatic capacity of glycolysis, glycogenesis and lipid metabolism, managing nutrient support in the brain parenchyma for neuronal consumption. Here, we review the plasticity of astrocyte energy metabolism under physiologic and pathologic conditions, highlighting age-dependent brain dysfunctions. In astrocytes, glycolysis and glycogenesis are regulated by noradrenaline and insuli

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Lemaire-Chamley, Martine, Fabien Mounet, Catherine Deborde, Mickaël Maucourt, Daniel Jacob, and Annick Moing. "NMR-Based Tissular and Developmental Metabolomics of Tomato Fruit." Metabolites 9, no. 5 (2019): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo9050093.

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Fruit is a complex organ containing seeds and several interconnected tissues with dedicated roles. However, most biochemical or molecular studies about fleshy fruit development concern the entire fruit, the fruit without seeds, or pericarp only. We studied tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit at four stages of development (12, 20, 35, and 45 days post-anthesis). We separated the seeds and the other tissues, exocarp, mesocarp, columella with placenta and locular tissue, and analyzed them individually using proton NMR metabolomic profiling for the quantification of major polar metabolites, enzyma

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Stiawan, Elva. "Evaluation of The Biochemical Contents in Guillard f/2 and Walne Growth Medium to Fulfill the Animal-Free Aspects of Microalgal Bioprocessing." Indonesian Journal of Chemical Studies 1, no. 2 (2022): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.55749/ijcs.v1i2.16.

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Marine microalgae with their diverse biomolecule contents could be used as potential sources of food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical ingredients. In accordance with regulations in some countries and to competitively engage huge numbers of consumers, microalgae-based products should be properly manufactured using non-animal-derived materials. As a cultivable microorganism using a scalable bioreactor technique, consideration of the origin of the material used in the upstream process of marine microalgae was inevitable. Currently, the material origin of chemical contents within common artificial m

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Fabris, Elena, Michela Bulfoni, Alessandro Nencioni, and Emanuele Nencioni. "Intra-Laboratory Validation of Alpha-Galactosidase Activity Measurement in Dietary Supplements." Molecules 26, no. 6 (2021): 1566. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26061566.

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Introduction: Alpha-galactosidase (α-Gal) is an enzyme responsible for the hydrolyzation of glycolipids and glycoprotein commonly found in dietary sources. More than 20% of the general population suffers from abdominal pain or discomfort caused by intestinal gas and by indigested or partially digested food residuals. Therefore, α-Gal is used in dietary supplements to reduce intestinal gases and help complex food digestion. Marketed enzyme-containing dietary supplements must be produced in accordance with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulations for Current Good Manufacturing Practice

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Sarasquete, C., M. Úbeda-Manzanaro, and JB Ortiz-Delgado. "Soya isoflavones, genistein and daidzein, induce differential transcriptional modulation in the ovary and testis of zebrafish Danio rerio." Aquatic Biology 29 (April 30, 2020): 79–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/ab00726.

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Most research into the effects of phytochemical isoflavones has focussed on endocrine disruptions, and especially on oestrogenic imbalances; however, little is known about their effects on other molecular signals such as transcriptional coregulators and choriolytic enzymatic pathways, which are also important in reproductive processes. In male and female zebrafish Danio rerio, the soya isoflavones genistein and daidzein (provided at 10 mg l-1 for 15 d) modulated the basal expression levels of oestrogen receptor transcripts (ERβ) in variable and differential ways. Exposure to genistein resulted

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Abdel Latef, Arafat Abdel Hamed, Mona F. A. Dawood, Halimeh Hassanpour, Maryam Rezayian, and Nabil A. Younes. "Impact of the Static Magnetic Field on Growth, Pigments, Osmolytes, Nitric Oxide, Hydrogen Sulfide, Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase Activity, Antioxidant Defense System, and Yield in Lettuce." Biology 9, no. 7 (2020): 172. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology9070172.

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Magnetic fields are an unavoidable physical factor affecting living organisms. Lettuce seeds (Lactuca sativa var. cabitat L.) were subjected to various intensities of the static magnetic field (SMF) viz., MF0 (control), SMF1 (0.44 Tesla (T), SMF2 (0.77 T), and SMF3 (1 T) for three exposure times (1, 2, and 3 h). SMF-treated seedlings showed induction in growth parameters and metabolism comparing to control. All photosynthetic pigments were induced markedly under SMF, especially chlorophyll a. SMF at different intensities boosted osmolytes, non-enzymatic antioxidants, and the phenylalanine ammo

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Diaz-Sosa, Veronica R., Mireya Tapia-Salazar, Jiri Wanner, and Diana L. Cardenas-Chavez. "Monitoring and Ecotoxicity Assessment of Emerging Contaminants in Wastewater Discharge in the City of Prague (Czech Republic)." Water 12, no. 4 (2020): 1079. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12041079.

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Emerging contaminants (ECs) are not monitored nor regulated consistently, but may have negative effects on human health and ecosystem balance. Although pharmaceuticals and personal care products are among the main ECs found in surface and wastewater, their toxicity and fate are currently not sufficiently studied. In this study, we analyzed for the first time a group of 46 ECs in the secondary effluent of the wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) of Prague. Thirty-seven compounds were identified in the discharge to surface water. Three compounds had no toxicology information on Artemia salina: fur

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Pujol-Lereis, Luciana M. "Alteration of Sphingolipids in Biofluids: Implications for Neurodegenerative Diseases." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 14 (2019): 3564. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20143564.

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Sphingolipids (SL) modulate several cellular processes including cell death, proliferation and autophagy. The conversion of sphingomyelin (SM) to ceramide and the balance between ceramide and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), also known as the SL rheostat, have been associated with oxidative stress and neurodegeneration. Research in the last decade has focused on the possibility of targeting the SL metabolism as a therapeutic option; and SL levels in biofluids, including serum, plasma, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), have been measured in several neurodegenerative diseases with the aim of finding

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Attah, Timothy A., Benjamin Ayantunji, Abubakar Adamu, et al. "Biological Effects of High Radiofrequency Radiation on Wistar Rats: A Literature Review." Journal of Public Health International 5, no. 2 (2022): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.14302/issn.2641-4538.jphi-22-4197.

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Aim and Objective Despite the growing concerns about the relationship between exposure to radiofrequency radiation (RFR) and detrimental health effects due to the changes in biological processes of experimental animals, there is still ongoing debate on the significance of these findings in causing significant public health problems with the growing advancement in internet technology. The aim of this study is to review existing literature on the effects of high RFR on wistar rats. Method A search was conducted on Google scholar and PubMed to identify relevant peer-reviewed articles to be includ

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Mahato, Ansuman, Samir Vyas, and Niladri Sekhar Chatterjee. "HPLC-UV Estimation of Folic Acid in Fortified Rice and Wheat Flour using Enzymatic Extraction and Immunoaffinity Chromatography Enrichment: An Interlaboratory Validation Study." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 103, no. 1 (2020): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.19-0207.

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Abstract Background: In India, fortification of cereals with folic acid has been voluntary for many years. However, The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India’s recent Fortification of Foods Regulations (2018) has prompted us to develop and validate a simple analytical method for estimation of folic acid in fortified cereals. Objective: The aim was to develop and validate a simple and rugged HPLC–UV method for quantitative analysis of folic acid in fortified rice and wheat flour. Methods: The enzymatic sample extract was diluted with phosphate buffer, centrifuged, filtered, and then pass

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Pecorini, Isabella, Eleonora Peruzzi, Elena Albini, et al. "Evaluation of MSW Compost and Digestate Mixtures for a Circular Economy Application." Sustainability 12, no. 7 (2020): 3042. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12073042.

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In order to obtain a product with agronomic characteristics and biological stability consistent with the EU fertilizer decree for the market of EU fertilising products three different mixtures obtained from sludge digestate from municipal wastewater treatment plant, fresh compost and mature compost have been studied and characterized. For the experimental activity, the raw samples and three mixing ones were collected for the analytical characterization. The biological stability was then assessed for all samples using different stability criteria such as Specific Oxygen Uptake Rate, Rottegrad s

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