Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Environmental sensors'
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Benton, Erin Nicole. "Development and Testing of Gold(I) and Europium(III) Based Sensors for Environmental Applications." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2019. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1505138/.
Full textArrigo, Leah M. "Phosphinimines as potential technetium environmental sensors." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4694.
Full textThe entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on September 4, 2007) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
Chang, Seung Cheol. "Disposable amperometric sensors for environmental monitoring." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310134.
Full textGong, Weidong. "Ocean sensors, for marine environmental monitoring." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2010. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/143801/.
Full textPino, Flavio. "Development of nanomaterials for environmental monitoring." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/325142.
Full textEnvironmental monitoring based on biosensing systems has increased its relevance not only in the research field but also in the real industrial application. This is due to the advantages of such analytical platforms especially their simplicity and their cost/efficiency. Moreover, the recent advances in nanoscience and nanotechnology increase the emerging of new nanomaterials which have interesting electrical properties such as their capacity to improve the electrode conductivity. This has a particular interest in the development of electrochemical biosensing systems. The combination of nanomaterials with electrochemical biosensing platforms can build up powerful analytical tools for the environmental monitoring. This represents the main objective of this PhD Thesis, that divided in six chapters describes the development and application of three new biosensing platforms for environmental monitoring using nanomaterials. The first chapter of the thesis gives a general introduction on environmental monitoring of pollutants and offers a brief description and classification of these compounds. This chapter also gives an overview of the relevance of the use of nanomaterials in biosensing systems for environmental monitoring with a detailed review of the last published works describing also their innovation aspects and also the possible drawbacks. In Chapter 3 the biosensing platform for environmental monitoring based on the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase is described. The developed system uses magnetic beads and acetylcholinesterase enzyme over Boron Doped Diamond Electrode. Moreover, through the use of magnetic beads and the surface characteristics of the electrode, this platform is used as multi use system with high reproducibility able also to measure the pesticide chlorpyrifos in real sample (Yokoama river, Japan). In Chapter 4 a simultaneous detection system of pollutants for catechol (a phenol derivative) and chlorpyrifos (an organophosphate pesticide), is developed. Such sensing is achieved through a SPCE modified with IrOx NPs and tyrosinase. The proposed biosensor reports improvement in the sensitivity for catechol compared to previously reported biosensors. This biosensor shows also a high sensitivity for chlorpyrifos while being used in a tyrosinase inhibition mode operation. Finally the efficiency of this biosensor is explored for real applications in river and tap water showing great possibilities for future application as a low cost platform. In Chapter 5 a free enzymatic bio-sensing system based on CuO nanoparticles for detection of phenols compounds and for a high toxic herbicide (Diuron) is proposed. Such sensing is achieved through a SPCE where CuO NPs create a stable complex with phenolic compounds that are measured through electrochemical reaction at electrode surface. Moreover it is one of the first applications using CuO NPs for environmental monitoring. CuO NPs have the function to mimic the active centre of tyrosinase obtaining results comparable with other enzymatic platforms. This analytical platform can be used for real sample applications due to the fact that the detection limit is within the requested levels of monitoring established by the legislation. Annex A shows a very interesting review over the biosensing systems inenvironmental monitoring using nanomaterials. This review was published in a very high impact factor journal (Chemical Review Impact factor of 46.658).
Schädle, Thomas [Verfasser]. "Mid-infrared sensors for environmental monitoring / Thomas Schädle." Ulm : Universität Ulm, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1124067841/34.
Full textFang, Xinwei. "Improving data quality for low-cost environmental sensors." Thesis, University of York, 2018. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/21259/.
Full textSchädle, Thomas Fabian [Verfasser]. "Mid-infrared sensors for environmental monitoring / Thomas Schädle." Ulm : Universität Ulm, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1124067841/34.
Full textPol, Arcas Roberto. "Printing technologies for biotechnological and environmental sensing applications." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667857.
Full textModern industrial activities have left wide-spread hazardous pollution in soil, air and water across the globe. Emissions of SOx coming from flue gases require treatment before their release into the environment. Conventional physic-chemical treatments used hitherto are expensive and time-consuming. Moreover, those treatments also generate wastewater that requires further processing. To overcome the SOx treatment challenge, a new approach using environmentally friendly biological method is proposed. The process is based on a selective adsorption of SOx, followed by a two-stage biological treatment. Once the SOx are adsorbed they undergo a first biocatalytic stage, in which sulfate-reducing microorganisms catalyze their conversion into hydrogen sulfide. Afterwards, a second biocatalytic stage by sulfide-oxidizing microorganisms is done, finally obtaining elemental sulfur. A crucial point to address in this biotechnological process is the real-time quantification of sulfur species before and after each biocatalytic stage. Conventional methods, such as gravimetry, turbidimetry, nephelometry, capillary electrophoresis and ionic chromatography have been widely used for sulfur species quantification. Although those methods have been overwhelmingly implemented a few decades ago, they are not suitable of in situ real-time measurements, require trained personnel and they are costly and time consuming. Therefore, there is a need to provide new analytical systems that can replace conventional ones. Microfluidic platforms have been extensively studied due to their possibility of replacing a fully equipped conventional laboratory. Well-known advantages of these microfluidic sensing systems include: compactness, low sample consumption, low-cost production, better overall monitoring and process control, real-time analysis and a fast response. These characteristics open the possibility of performing in situ and real-time measurements. Also, they operate in such a manner that sample pre-treatment as well as chemical assay can be performed therein. Their ergonomic and user-friendly design allows them to be easily adapted to perform a desired analysis just by simply modifying the geometry of the channels. These features make microfluidics of interest in processes that require multiple analyses at the same time. Several microfabrication techniques (e.g., micromachining, hot embossing, injection molding, laser ablation, micromilling and soft lithography) and materials (e.g., silicon, polymers, metals, ceramics, etc.) have been used for the production of miniaturized analytical systems. Nonetheless, all these methods require trained personnel and are expensive and time consuming. Moreover, they require further processing steps (e.g., etching, sealing, etc.) after the fabrication. Nowadays, scientists have been exploring new methodologies to produce such analytical systems in a more feasible and cheaper manner. In this thesis, the use of printing technologies (inkjet printing, screen-printing and 3D printing) to produce analytical platforms for quantification of relevant chemical compounds in biotechnological reactors and in the environment (S2-, SO42- and NO2-) are promoted. Hence, the state-of-the-art of microfluidic devices and the printed analytical systems have been widely developed.
Chocarro, Ruiz Blanca. "Development of bimodal waveguide interferometric sensors for environmental monitoring." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669867.
Full textThis Doctoral Thesis is devoted to the development of novel nanophotonic sensors as alternative solutions for the existing environmental monitoring tools currently employed. In particular, we propose the use of a novel interferometric sensor, the bimodal waveguide interferometer device (BiMW), for the selective, sensitive, rapid and direct analysis of pollutants present in the marine and the air environments. For the detection of pollutants in different media, air and water, two strategies have been followed. The first approach was the development of a biosensor device based in a competitive immunoassay for the detection of traces of a pesticide directly in seawater. To achieve this objective, we started with an in-depth study of different biofunctionalization strategies because the surface chemistry needs to be optimized to maximize the stability, reproducibility and sensitivity of the competitive immunoassay. Another crucial step for the development of the pesticide biosensor was the optimization of the immunoassay conditions. Our final immunosensor overcomes some of the constraints of the current analytical techniques and offers an advanced analytical tool for the real-time and on-site monitoring of water pollution control. The second strategy proposes the integration of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) as receptors to develop a chemical sensor for the detection of small molecules such as gases. First, the type of MOF and the integration in thin films were evaluated and optimized. Then, the developed MOF-BiMW gas sensor was assessed in terms of sensitivity, selectivity, reproducibility and stability. Results show that this new sensor overcomes some of the drawbacks of the current methodologies for gas sensing. This work has opened the path of a new research line for the real implementation of advanced environmental monitoring sensing tools.
Le, Goff Thierry. "Development of novel sensors for anions of environmental interest." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1134.
Full textFlorea, Anca Stefana. "Electrochemical affinity sensors for biomedical, food and environmental applications." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10126/document.
Full textElectrochemical sensors provide reliable and inexpensive tools for the determination of biological and chemical compounds with high sensitivity and selectivity, in the fields of clinical diagnosis, environment protection and food industry. Immunosensors hold particular promise, combining the high specificity of immuno- reactions with the sensitivity of electrochemical methods. Artificial receptors based on molecularly imprinted technique attracted considerable attention in bioanalytical sciences due to inherent advantages over natural receptors, such as high stability in harsh conditions and freedom of molecular design towards a wide range of molecules. The aim of the thesis presented here was to develop electrochemical affinity sensors based on various recognition receptors for environment monitoring, food safety and biomedical field. The first part of the thesis reviews the current state of knowledge in these fields. General aspects of electrochemical immuno- and apta-sensors are presented herein, together with several examples reported in the literature for the detection of cancer biomarkers. The advantages of integrating nanomaterials in sensing devices are then presented. At last, several aspects of the molecularly imprinted polymers are introduced. The personal contribution part is structured in three chapters, that include the methodology and results obtained for the development of biosensors for the detection of Mucinl tumor marker, the first chapter being focused on bioassays based on magnetic beads and second chapter on a label-free aptasensor based on gold nanoparticles, and finally, a third chapter dedicated to the molecularly imprinted-based sensors for the detection of explosives, drugs, hormones and pesticides
Daher, Bassam William 1979. "Use of sensors in monitoring civil structures." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/28629.
Full text"September 2004."
Includes bibliographical references (p. 141-145).
This thesis surveys the use of sensors and sensor networks in monitoring civil structures, with particular emphasis on the monitoring of bridges and highways using fiber optic sensors. Following a brief review of the most widespread form of civil infrastructure inspection -- visual inspection -- the thesis describes the anatomy, mechanisms, and types of fiber optic sensors and characterizes the tradeoffs involved in choosing between fiber-optic and conventional sensor technologies. The thesis then presents a survey of contributions to this field, followed by a discussion of deployed applications of fiber-optic sensors, many of them in North America. The latter portion of the thesis first briefly discusses the emerging technology of wireless sensor networks and then presents an abbreviated case study comparing the costs and time required to deploy a fiber optic system to traditional visual inspection on the same structure. The case study suggests that the fiber optic sensors are a cost-effective technology, particularly when indirect savings are considered. The thesis concludes with some comments on the prospects and challenges for sensor technologies in civil infrastructure monitoring.
by Bassam William Daher.
S.M.
Mascini, Marcello. "DNA and peptide based sensors for food and environmental applications." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.399122.
Full textTrustman, Benjamin D. "Characterizing Spatial and Temporal Variability of Snow Water Equivalent Using Pressure Sensors." Thesis, University of Nevada, Reno, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10126128.
Full textThe goal of this study is to characterize spatial variability of snow water equivalent (SWE) at the meter scale. The study includes measurement of SWE with a new pressure sensor and use of meteorological sensor data to investigate physical properties within the snowpack that can affect sensor measurement. The new sensor, which can continuously measure a load equivalent to up to 5.5 meters of snow, is designed to be smaller and less expensive (< $1,500) than traditional pressure sensors (> $10,000). Manual snow cores and detailed snow pit analyses were performed to assess accuracy of the sensors and identify physical properties that may be related to sensor measurement error. SWE sensor response and accuracy were assessed between sensors and through comparison with bulk precipitation gage, manual SWE measurements, and snow pillows. SWE sensor readings compared favorably to other measurement methods, particularly in early and peak season. Spatial variability of SWE during the melt season of the two low-snow years during the study period confounded our ability to compare multiple sensor readings for validation. Spatial variability of SWE at study sites was calculated from sets of manual SWE measurements. The correlation length of 80 cm, determined using semi-variograms, highlights the small scale variability in SWE. Statistical resampling of manual measurements suggests that a minimum of ten manual measurements are needed to get within 10% of the spatial average of SWE. Although SWE can remain relatively stable during the melt period, this can be a result of increased density with decreasing snow depth, suggesting that simple inferences about SWE from depth measurements are not appropriate.
Park, Jihyun. "Are Humans Good Sensors? Using Occupants as Sensors for Indoor Environmental Quality Assessment and for Developing Thresholds that Matter." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2015. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/595.
Full textTekle, Tesfalem Tsegay. "Ultrasonic stream bridge sensors (USBS) error in water level estimation." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2014. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/4770.
Full textKadara, Rashid. "Development of electrochemical sensors for heavy metal ions detection in environmental samples." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.398878.
Full textMilne, Rachel Mary. "Characterisation of Plasmodium and Trypanosoma brucei GPR89 homologues as candidate environmental sensors." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/20429.
Full textSuzuki, Takeharu, and n/a. "Integrated, Intelligent Sensor Fabrication Strategies for Environmental Monitoring." Griffith University. School of Microelectronic Engineering, 2004. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20040813.131206.
Full textSuzuki, Takeharu. "Integrated, Intelligent Sensor Fabrication Strategies for Environmental Monitoring." Thesis, Griffith University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367295.
Full textThesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Microelectronic Engineering
Full Text
Zhong, Guowei. "Rapid detection of trace metal ions on microfluidic platforms using gold nanoparticle sensors." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=121545.
Full textLa présence d'ions métalliques en particulier les métaux lourds dans différents types d'eau à des niveaux élevés peut présenter un risque important pour l'environnement et la santé humaine. L'eau potable est l'une des principales sources qui contribuent à l'apport quotidien en métaux lourds chez l'humain, et donc une méthode rapide, peu coûteuse et sensible à la détection des métaux lourds dans l'eau est en grande demande. Les objectifs de cette étude est de développer une méthode chimique pour un dépistage rapide d'ion de plomb (PbII) en phase aqueuse et d'intégrer la méthode dans un dispositif portable à des fins d'applications potentielles sur place. Premièrement, une méthode colorimétrique rapide et sensible à la détection de plomb a été développée dans cette étude en utilisant les propriétés optiques uniques et la chimie de surface des nanoparticules d'or (GNPs) et le glutathion (GSH), qui est un peptide utilisé pour la reconnaissance de plomb. En réaction, les molécules de GSH servent de relieurs à fin de coordonner avec le PbII ainsi que le GNPs de manière à regrouper les sondes GNPs et ainsi changer la couleur du dosage. Les changements de couleur mesurée par absorption à des longueurs d'onde sélectionnées en utilisant la spectrométrie d'UV-Vis sont proportionnels au niveau du PbII dans des échantillons aqueux, permettant ainsi la quantification de PbII. Comme la réaction est basée sur l'utilisation des GNPs non-libellés, pas de pré-modification est requise. La limite de détection (LOD) de 6,0 ppb réalisée par la méthode est inférieure aux concentrations maximales de PbII acceptable (10 à 15 ppb) dans l'eau potable, ce qui indique sa haute sensibilité et applicabilité potentielle en analyse d'eau potable. Une haute sélectivité pour le PbII contre 10 ions métalliques a été démontrée, et plusieurs agents masquant ont été évalués pour leur efficacité dans la réduction des interférences potentielles pour quatre autres métaux. Deuxièmement, une puce microfluidique en polydiméthylsiloxane (PDMS) a été fabriqué et couplé à un lecteur optique portable spécialement conçu pour les sondes de GNPs. Cet appareil a été d'abord testé pour la détection de l'aluminium (AlIII) comme composé modèle, par des sondes de GNPs à fin d'examiner la compatibilité de la puce microfluidique avec les sondes de GNPs et la sensibilité aux changements de couleur correspondante du GNPs. Elle a démontré une LOD comparable (1,2 ppm) à celui de la spectrométrie UV-Vis (1,3 ppm) et les opérations étaient simples puisque seulement le pipetage était nécessaire. L'aspect remarquable du dispositif est que les puces microfluidiques de PDMS sont jetables et peuvent être reformulées pour d'autres dosages ainsi, de sorte que les sondes de GNPs non-libellées développées dans cette étude pour la détection de PbII peuvent être éventuellement intégrés dans des études futures. L'utilisation des sources de lumière à faisceau LED aux longueurs d'onde contrôlables est une autre caractéristique permettant une capacité multi-analyte, qui pourrait être examinée dans un proche avenir.
Mathanlal, Thasshwin. "Design and Development of Perpetual Environmental Station (PES1)." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för system- och rymdteknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-64612.
Full textDarmawangsa, Darmadi. "Optical fiber sensors embedded in concrete structures : feasibility and durability studies." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/40154.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references (leaves 292-295).
by Darmadi Darmawangsa.
Civ.E.
Vickery, Kathryn J. "Southern African dust sources as identified by multiple space borne sensors." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/4814.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references (leaves 132-145).
Mineral aerosols emitted from arid and semi-arid regions effect global radiation, contribute to regional nutrient dynamics and impact local soil and water quality. Satellite imagery has been central to the identification and determining the distribution of source areas and the trajectories of dust around the globe. This study focuses on the dryland regions of Botswana, Namibia and South Africa. It uses the capabilities of the ultraviolet channels provided by the older Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS), the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) (a TOMS follow up), the visible bands of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), and the Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI) onboard Meteosat Second Generation (MSG). This study compares various dust detection products but also focuses on the application of thermal infrared bands from MSG through the usage of the new "Pink Dust" visua lisation technique using channels 7 (8.7 ~m), 9 (lO.8 ~m), and 10 (12.0 ~m). This multisensor approach resulted in a regional maps highlighting the distribution of source points and establishing some of the prevalent transport pathways and likely deposition zones. Southern African dust sources include a few large and many small pans, subtle inland depressions and ephemeral river systems, which are subject to a range of climatic conditions as part of the Kalahari and Namib region. This work in particular examines if source points are productive due to favourable climatic conditions. The debate around transport limit verses supply limit can only be solved at the local scale which requires observation at higher spatial and temporal resolution as provided by the latest dust detection products. MSG and MODIS in particular have shown distinct source point clusters in Etosha and the Makgadikgadi Pans which based on the courser resolution of older TOMS, have so far been treated as homogeneous sources. Data analyses reveal 327 individual dust plumes over the 2005-2008 study period, some of which are more than 300 km in length. These are integrated into existing climate and weather records provided by National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) data. The results identified a set dust drivers such as the Continental High Pressure, Bergwinds, Tropical Temperate and West Coast Troughs, and Westerly and Easterly Wave lows. This enhances our ability to predict such events, in particular, if transport acts as the limiting driver. Some of these find ings also have the potential to enhance our knowledge of the aerosol generation process elsewhere. The quality of findings are still limited by problems associated with dust plume substrates and clearly require significant surface validation relating to hydrological and climatic controls at the micro-scale. It is furthermore evident that no current instrument fully meets the requirements of the mineral aerosol research community.
Torres, Isis L. Fernandez. "Soil environment monitoring using sensors to predict microbial organic waste assimilation." Diss., Connect to online resource - MSU authorized users, 2008.
Find full textTitle from PDF t.p. (viewed on Aug. 10, 2009) Includes bibliographical references (p. 90-92). Also issued in print.
Bhattacharyya, Rahul. "Low-Cost, Passive UHF RFID Tag Antenna-Based Sensors for Pervasive Sensing Applications." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/73791.
Full textCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 161-170).
In the future, large-scale sensor deployment would enable many areas such as infrastructure condition monitoring and supply chain management. However, many of today's wireless sensor technologies are still too expensive to meet this need. Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) offers good potential for the development of pervasive sensors: RFID tags have a proven track record of large-scale, highly integrated deployment for object identification in the retail and consumer goods industry. Furthermore, the last decade has seen much progress in making RFID a reliable, standardized wireless communication medium with the ability to mass produce low-cost RFID tags. My thesis introduces the concept of RFID Tag Antenna-Based Sensing (RFID TABS). In this approach, a change in the sensed parameter of interest induces a controlled change in the geometry or boundary conditions of an RFID tag's antenna. The resultant change in the tag's response signal can then be detected by an RFID reader. My approach builds upon current developments in RFID technology. For instance, the manufacturing techniques for the mass production of low-cost RFID tags can be used for pervasive tag-sensor development. My thesis examines TABS in a two-pronged approach: First, I demonstrate how three fundamental tag and reader signal properties can be used for sensing and propose three classes of TABS: -- Amplitude Modifying (AM) TABS use RFID reader transmitted power and tag response power for sensing. I illustrate proof of concept using a displacement sensor. I demonstrate that both these power metrics can be used to reliably measure structural displacement to a precision of 2.5 mm using commercial RFID tags. -- Frequency Modifying (FM) TABS relate changes in the sensed parameter to a shift in the tag's optimal operating frequency - the carrier frequency for which the tag is best tuned to respond to the reader. I demonstrate proof of concept using a temperature threshold sensor - the crossing of a design temperature threshold results in a shift in the sensor's optimal operating frequency. I demonstrate that the sensor works reliably over a 3 m read range and in different environmental conditions. -- Phase Modifying (PM) TABS use tag backscatter phase for sensing. I provide a brief summary of the factors influencing RF phase and outline the design for a PM TABS fluid level sensor that uses RFID tag response phase to detect the presence or absence of fluid in a beverage glass. I highlight the challenges in the practical implementation of this approach by demonstrating the sensitivity of RFID tag phase to three extraneous factors. Second, I introduce the concept of Non-Electric Memory to record short timescale threshold crossovers in the sensed parameter that may occur when the tag-sensor is unpowered. When information about, rather than the exact time of, the threshold occurrence is sufficient, non-electric memory provides a solution. I demonstrate how non-electric memory can be integrated into sensor design at minimal added cost. In the proof of concept of a temperature threshold sensor, I design a thermally actuated shape memory polymer switch to permanently change the electrical properties of an RFID tag when the temperature threshold is crossed. I demonstrate that the design works reliably over a read range of 3 m and is independent of the material on which the sensor is deployed. In summary, this thesis demonstrates how an RFID tag can be adapted for low cost, pervasive sensing. Sensor prototypes illustrate proof of concept in three application areas. Extensions to two other applications are also discussed.
by Rahul Bhattacharyya.
Ph.D.
Pokhrel, Lok R., Nicholas Ettore, Zachary L. Jacobs, Asha Zarr, Mark H. Weir, Phillip R. Scheuerman, Sushil R. Kanel, and Brajesh Dubey. "Novel Carbon Nanotube (cnt)-Based Ultrasensitive Sensors for Trace Mercury(ii) Detection in Water: A Review." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2878.
Full textSalustiano, Rogerio Esteves 1978. "Aplicação de tecnicas de fusão de sensores no monitoramento de ambientes." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/262032.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computação
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-05T17:36:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Salustiano_RogerioEsteves_M.pdf: 3698724 bytes, checksum: a5c6d59ec19db38f5a0324243ddb1eb5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006
Resumo: Este trabalho propõe um sistema computacional no qual são aplicadas técnicas de Fusão de Sensores no monitoramento de ambientes. O sistema proposto permite a utilização e incorporação de diversos tipos de dados, incluindo imagens, sons e números em diferentes bases. Dentre os diversos algoritmos pertinentes a um sistema como este, foram implementados os de Sensores em Consenso que visam a combinação de dados de uma mesma natureza. O sistema proposto é suficientemente flexível, permitindo a inclusão de novos tipos de dados e os correspondentes algoritmos que os processem. Todo o processo de recebimento dos dados produzidos pelos sensores, configuração e visualização dos resultados é realizado através da Internet
Abstract: This work proposes a computer system in which Sensor Fusion techniques are applied to monitoring the environment. The proposed system allows the use and incorporation of different data types, including images, sounds and numbers in different bases. Among the existing algorithms that pertain to a system like this, those, which aim to combine data of the same nature, called Consensus Sensors, have been particularly implemented. The proposed system is flexible enough and allows the inclusion of new data types and their corresponding algorithms. The whole process of receiving the data produced by the sensors, configuration of produced results as well as their visualization is performed through the Internet
Mestrado
Eletrônica, Microeletrônica e Optoeletrônica
Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica
Klug, Katherine E., and Katherine E. Klug. "Novel Portable Sensors and Techniques for Improving On-Site Water Quality and Environmental Monitoring." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626354.
Full textWalker, David. "Biofouling and its control for in situ lab-on-a-chip marine environmental sensors." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2012. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/354418/.
Full textNasir, Tauqir. "Electrochemical sensors of environmental pollutants based on carbon electrodes modified by ordered mesoporous silica." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0089/document.
Full textIn this thesis, we present the electrochemical detection of herbicides i.e. paraquat and isoproturon in aqueous samples. These herbicides are used worldwide extensively for weed control in different crops. Their intensive use is a source of environmental contamination and their toxicity is a threat to Human health. Electrochemical sensing is a promising and advantageous technique as compared to conventional detection methods due to its properties such as rapid analysis, ease of operation, cost effectiveness and high sensitivity as a result of working electrode modification. Here, we modified electrodes modified with mesoporous silica thin films to act as herbicide sensors. These electrodes were modified by electrochemically assisted self-assembly process, a well-established process for electrode modification by our group. In the first part adhesion of mesoporous silica film at carbon electrodes was improved with the help of a primary amine which acted as molecular glue for better attachment of these films at electrodes surface. In the next part these modified electrodes were used for electrochemical detection of above stated herbicides. Modified electrodes showed enhanced sensitivity and low limit of detection as compared to unmodified ones. Effect of different solution parameters as well as film thickness and electrode geometry was also studied and found to have critical impact on sensitivity of the system
Elvin, Niell Glen. "Damage detection in civil and aerospace structures with fiber optic sensors." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/37018.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references.
by Niell Glen Elvin.
M.S.
Zervaki, Orthodoxia. "Calibration and Evaluation of Low-Cost Optical Dust Sensors and Monitors." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1535634263839935.
Full textSherchan, Samendra Prasad. "Monitoring Microbial Water Quality via Online Sensors." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/293470.
Full textKazkaz, Mohammad. "Compact Sensors for Evaluation the Thermal Comfort." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-364619.
Full textJagolinzer, Scott R. "Design and Control of a Dynamic and Autonomous Trackless Vehicle Using Onboard and Environmental Sensors." FIU Digital Commons, 2017. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3173.
Full textKim, Yongsig. "Characterization of the Arabidopsis Calcineurin B-like Calcium Sensors in Environmental and Developmental Signal Transduction." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/193680.
Full textSilwana, Bongiwe. "Graphene supported antimony nanoparticles on carbon electrodes for stripping analysis of environmental samples." University of the Western Cape, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5141.
Full textPlatinum Group Metals (PGMs), particularly palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt) and rhodium (Rh) have been identified as pollutants in the environment due to their increased use in catalytic converters and mining in South Africa (as well as worldwide). Joining the continuous efforts to alleviate this dilemma, a new electrochemical sensor based on a nanoparticle film transducer has been developed to assess the level of these metals in the environment. The main goal of this study was to exploit the capabilities of nanostructured material for the development and application of an adsorptive stripping voltammetric method for reliable quantification of PGMs in environmental samples. In the study reported in this thesis, glassy carbon electrode (GCE) and screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) surfaces were modified with conducting films of nanostructured reduced graphene oxide-antimony nanoparticles (rGO-SbNPs) for application as electrochemical sensors. The rGO-SbNPs nanocomposite was prepared by Hummer`s synthesis of antimony nanoparticles in reaction medium containing reduced graphene oxide. Sensors were constructed by drop coating of the surfaces of the carbon electrodes with rGO-SbNPs films followed by air-drying. The nanocomposite material was characterised by: scanning and transmission electron miscroscopies; FTIR, UV-Vis and Ramanspectrosocopies; dc voltammetry; and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The real surface area of both electrodes were studied and estimated to be 1.66 × 10⁶ mol cm⁻² and 4.09 × 10³ mol cm⁻² for SPCE/rGO-SbNPs and GCE/rGO-SbNPs, respectively. The film thickness was also evaluated and estimated to be 0.36 cm and 1.69 × 10⁻⁶ cm for SPCE/rGO-SbNPs and GCE/rGO-SbNPs, respectively. Referring to these results, the SPCE/rGO-SbNPs sensor had a better sensitivity than the GCE/rGO-SbNPs sensor. The electroanalytical properties of the PGMs were first studied by cyclic voltammetry followed by indepth stripping voltammetric analysis. The development of the stripping voltammetry methodology involved the optimisation of experimental conditions such as selection of adequate supporting electrolyte, choice of pH and /or concentration of supporting electrolytes, deposition potential, deposition time, stirring conditions. The detection of Pd(II), Pt(II) and Rh(III) in environmental samples were performed SPCE/rGO-SbNPs and GCE/rGO-SbNPs at the optimised experimental conditions For the GCE/rGO-SbNPs sensor, the detection limit was found to be 0.45, 0.49 and 0.49 pg L⁻¹ (S/N = 3) for Pd(II), Pt(II) and Rh(III), respectively. For the SPCE/rGO-SbNPs sensor, the detection limit was found to be 0.42, 0.26 and 0.34 pg L⁻¹ (S/N = 3) for Pd(II), Pt(II) and Rh(III), respectively. The proposed adsorptive differential pulse cathodic stripping voltammetric (AdDPCSV) method was found to be sensitive, accurate, precise, fast and robust for the determination of PGMs in soil and dust samples. The simultaneous determination of PGMs was also investigated with promising results obtained. The AdDPCSV sensor performance was compared with that of inductive coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) for the determination of PGM ions in soil and dust samples. It was found that though the metals could be determined by ICP-MS technique, it was limited from the standpoints of sensitivity, ease of operation and versatility compared to the AdDPCSV sensor. This study has show cased the successful construction and application of novel SPCE/rGO-SbNPs and GCE/rGO-SbNPs AdDPCSV sensors forthe determination of PGMs in environmental samples (specifically roadside dust and soil samples). The study provides a promising analytical tool for monitoring PGMs pollutants that are produced by automobiles and transported in the environment.
Santos, Figueroa Luis Enrique. "New approaches for the development of chromo-fluorogenic sensors for chemical species of biological, industrial and environmental interest." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/43216.
Full textSantos Figueroa, LE. (2014). New approaches for the development of chromo-fluorogenic sensors for chemical species of biological, industrial and environmental interest [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/43216
TESIS
Premiado
K, C. Milan. "Applicability of Soil Moisture Sensors in Determination of Infiltration Rate." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1509217475534338.
Full textYU, JINSONG. "Development of Microfabricated Electrochemical Sensors for Environmental Parameter Measurements Applicable to Corrosion Evaluation and Gaseous Oxygen Detection." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1206981091.
Full textOgilvie, Iain R. G. "Novel fabrication techniques for microfluidic based in-situ oceanographic nutrient sensors." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2012. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/342947/.
Full textLo, Presti Maria. "Optical detection of chemical species of environmental and biological relevance using molecular sensors and hybrid materials." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/172664.
Full text[CA] La present tesi doctoral titulada "Detecció òptica d'espècies químiques d'importància ambiental i biològica utilitzant sensors moleculars i materials híbrids" se centra en el disseny, preparació, caracterització i avaluació de sensors químics moleculars. El treball realitzat es pot dividir en dues parts: (i) síntesi de sensors de cations metàl·lics en dissolució i (ii) síntesi i caracterització de nanopartícules híbrides orgànic-inorgànics per al reconeixement d'espècies químiques i biològiques. En el primer capítol s'introdueix el marc en el qual s'engloben els fonaments teòrics de la química supramolecular en què es basen els estudis pràctics realitzats durant la present tesi doctoral. A continuació, en el capítol dos, es presenten els objectius generals de la tesi. En el tercer capítol es presenta un quimiodosímetro crom-fluorogénic, capaç de detectar selectivament cations trivalents entre cations i anions monovalents i divalents mitjançant una reacció de deshidratació en aigua. En el quart capítol es presenta una unitat (BODIPY) connectada electrònicament amb un macrocicle dithia-dioxa-aza. Les solucions de acetonitril i aigua-acetonitril 95:5 v/v de la sonda van mostrar una banda ICT a la zona visible i són gairebé no emisivas. Quan es va utilitzar acetonitril com a dissolvent, l'addició de Hg (II) i cations metàl·lics trivalents va induir un canvi hipsocròmic de la banda d'absorció i millores moderades de l'emissió. Es va obtenir una resposta altament selectiva a l'utilitzar mitjans competitius com aigua-acetonitril 95:5 v/v. En aquest cas, només el Hg (II) va induir un canvi hipsocròmic de la banda d'absorció i una millora marcada de l'emissió. El cinquè capítol explora el desenvolupament de sensors per berberina i amantadina. Dues molècules d'interès biològic pel seu ús com a fàrmacs. S'han preparat tres sistemes de sensors basats en l'aproximació de portes moleculars. En concret, sobre nanopartícules MCM-41 carregades amb rodamina B com a unitat de senyalització, s'ha dut a terme la funcionalització amb diverses amines i el bloqueig de porus amb cucurbituril CB7. Les amines utilitzades són ciclohexilamina, bencilamina i amantadina. Els materials obtinguts s'han caracteritzat per tècniques iv de difracció de raigs X i microscòpia electrònica de transmissió confirmant l'estructura mesoporosa de les nanopartícules. Els materials preparats mostren una resposta a la berberina i la adamantina, llevant el tap i alliberant el tint fluorescent a l'mig. La resposta dels materials a les dues substàncies d'interès (berberina i amantadina) depèn de l'estructura química de cada un dels materials en funció de les constants d'afinitat entre l'anàlit i CB7. Els resultats obtinguts obren el camí a l'ús de portes moleculars com a sensors de berberina i amantadina.
[EN] The present doctoral thesis entitled "Optical detection of chemical species of environmental and biological importance using molecular sensors and hybrid materials" focuses on the design, preparation, characterization and evaluation of molecular chemical sensors. The work carried out can be divided into two parts: (i) synthesis of metal cation sensors in solution and (ii) synthesis and characterization of hybrid organic-inorganic nanoparticles for the recognition of chemical and biological species. The first chapter introduces the framework that encompasses the theoretical foundations of supramolecular chemistry on which the practical studies carried out during this doctoral thesis are based. Next, in chapter two, the general objectives of the thesis are presented. In the third chapter, a chromium-fluorogenic chemodosimeter is presented, capable of selectively detecting trivalent cations by means of a dehydration reaction in water. The fourth chapter presents a new compound containing a BODIPY unit electronically connected with a dithia-dioxa-aza macrocycle. Acetonitrile and water-acetonitrile 95:5 v/v solutions of the probe showed an ICT band in the visible zone and were nearly non-emissive. When acetonitrile was used as a solvent, addition of Hg(II) and trivalent metal cations induced an hypsochromic shift of the absorption band and moderate emission enhancements. A highly selective response was obtained when using competitive media such as water- acetonitrile 95:5 v/v. In this case only Hg(II) induced a hypsochromic shift of the absorption band and a marked emission enhancement. The fifth chapter explores the development of sensors for berberine and amantadine; two molecules of biological interest due to their use as drugs. Three sensing systems based on a "molecular gate" approximation have been prepared. Specifically, MCM-41 nanoparticles were loaded with Rhodamine B as a signalling unit, functionalized with various amines and capped with cucurbituril CB7. The amines used are cyclohexylamine, benzylamine and amantadine., The materials obtained were characterized by X-ray diffraction techniques and transmission vi electron microscopy, confirming the mesoporous structure of the nanoparticles. The prepared materials showed a response to berberine and adamantine, which induced release of the fluorescent dye to the medium. The response of the materials to the two substances of interest (berberine and amantadine) depends on the chemical structure of the capping ensemble and it is a function of the affinity constants between the analyte and CB7. The results obtained open the way to the use of gated materials as berberine and amantadine probes.
We thank the Spanish Government (MAT2015-64139-C4-1-R) and Generalitat Valenciana (PROMETEOII/2014/047). M. L. P. thanks Generalitat Valenciana for her Grisolia fellowship. Thanks are also due to Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (Portugal) for financial support to the Portuguese NMR network (PTNMR, Bruker Avance III 400-Univ. Minho), FCT and FEDER (European Fund for Regional Development)-COMPETEQREN- EU for financial support to the research centre CQ/UM [PEst-C/ QUI/UI0686/2013 (FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-037302)], and a post- doctoral grant to R. M. F. Batista (SFRH/BPD/79333/2011).
Lo Presti, M. (2021). Optical detection of chemical species of environmental and biological relevance using molecular sensors and hybrid materials [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/172664
TESIS
Derrick, Douglas C. "Special-Purpose, Embodied Conversational Intelligence with Environmental Sensors (SPECIES) Agents: Implemented in an Automated Interviewing Kiosk." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/145272.
Full textRadhakrishnan, Praveen Kumar. "Stratified Arrays of Needle-Type Oxidation Reduction Potential Sensors." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1250709803.
Full textBeneditti, Cristina Aparecida [UNESP]. "Imagens multitemporais ALOS/PALSAR baseada em orientação a objeto na discriminação da cobertura da terra." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/86778.
Full textConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Sensores ópticos são amplamente utilizados para mapeamento da cobertura da terra em escala local e pequenas regiões, com uma ampla variedade de aplicações, incluindo planejamento urbano, inventario agrícola e florestal, gerenciamento de bacias hidrográficas e monitoramento ambiental. Mapeamento de cobertura da terra com dados da banda L SAR tem focado primariamente em florestas e área úmidas de regiões tropical e boreal, com ênfase no monitoramento de desmatamento tropical e reflorestamento. No inicio de 2006, aquisições sistemáticas do ALOS PALSAR tem fornecido conjunto de dados multisazonais com alta resolução (12,5m), com potencial para substituir ou complementar os conjuntos de dados ópticos para mapeamento de cobertura da terra em regiões que a cobertura de nuvens é menos problemática, mas ainda um limitante para a variação sazonal da cobertura da terra. Este estudo avalia a utilização de dados PALSAR multitemporal, combinados com modelo digital de superfície (DSM) derivado do ALOS PRISM, para o mapeamento da cobertura da terra em uma região central do estado de São Paulo, Brasil. A área de estudo (22.5ºS 47.8 ºW) está situada na região oeste do reservatório de Barra Bonita, próximo a confluência dos rios Tietê e Piracicaba, com elevações variando entre 300 e 1000m. Os usos da terra dominante são agricultura ( cana de açúcar, cítricas e gramíneas) e florestal (eucaliptos). A vegetação natural é restrita a vegetação riparia, mata na front da cuesta e macrofitas aquáticas sazonais. Áreas urbanas presente na região são São Pedro e Aguas de São Pedro. Duas cenas PALSAR no modo Fine-Beam Single-polarization (FBS) (08 de abril de 2008 e 09 de janeiro de 2009...
Optical sensors are widely used for land cover mapping at local and small region scales, for a wide variety of applications including urban planning, forest and crop inventory, watershed management, and environmental monitoring. Land cover mapping with L-band SAR data has focused primarily on forest and wetland areas in tropical and boreal regions, with particular emphasis on monitoring tropical deforestation and regrowth. Beginning in 2006, systematic acquisitions of ALOS PALSAR have provided multi-season, near-global data sets at high (12.5 m) resolution, with the potential to substitute for or complement optical data sets for land cover mapping in regions where cloud cover is less problematic, but still limiting for seasonally varying land cover. This study evaluates the utility of multi-temporal PALSAR data, combined with a digital surface model (DSM) derived from ALOS PRISM, for land cover mapping at a site in central São Paulo state, Brazil. The study area (22.5ºS 47.8 ºW) is situated at the west end of the Barra Bonita Reservoir, at the entrance point of the Tietê River, with elevations ranging from about 300 to 1000 m. Dominant land uses are agriculture (sugar cane, citrus, pasture) and forestry (eucalyptus). Natural vegetation is largely restricted to riparian forest, forests on steep slopes, and seasonal aquatic macrophytes. Urban areas include the cities of São Pedro and Águas de São Pedro. Two PALSAR Fine-Beam Single-polarization (FBS) mode scenes (8 April 2008 and 9 January 2009... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Lee, Jin-Hwan. "MEMS Needle-Type Multi-Analyte Microelectrode Array Sensors for In Situ Biological Applications." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1212146149.
Full textVanarse, Anup. "Interfacing of neuromorphic vision, auditory and olfactory sensors with digital neuromorphic circuits." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2016. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1802.
Full textSendra, Compte Sandra. "Deployment of Efficient Wireless Sensor Nodes for Monitoring in Rural, Indoor and Underwater Environments." Doctoral thesis, Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/32279.
Full textThere are many works related to the design and development of sensor nodes which present several applications. Wireless sensor networks can facilitate and improve some aspects of our daily lives. It is easy to think that if this type of device is so beneficial to us and to our environment, its price should be relatively cheap. But we can see that this is not true. Why these devices are so expensive? Would it be possible to develop devices with the same capabilities and lower prices? How can I make my low-cost sensor nodes? This dissertation answers these questions and shows some of the many applications that sensor nodes may have. In this dissertation, we propose (and implement in some cases) the development of sensor nodes for environmental monitoring, from low-cost devices. For the implementation of a sensor node and network which joins all these nodes, it is important to know the environment where they will work. Throughout this dissertation, we present the research carried out for the development of sensors in three main application areas. In the first of these areas, we present multisensor devices developed for environmental monitoring. The application of wireless sensor networks to the environment requires a study of how signals are affected depending on the distance, vegetation, ambient humidity, etc. We focus our developments on the fire detection in rural areas and on the control of pests in vineyards where the early detection of these events generates high economic savings. We also propose the development of a sensor network which will help us to reduce and prevent wolves¿ attacks and theft in livestock. Finally, within this group, we present a network to detect material anomalies in building and a sensor network which allows us to monitor the elderly or disabled people who move along with a group on a tour or activity. The second group of applications is related to the monitoring of spaces in indoor environments. For this, we analyze the behavior of wireless signals in different scenarios. These results allowed us to extract a new method for designing wireless networks in indoor environments. Our method allows defining the best location of network devices and sensor nodes indoors saving 15% of the sensors needed. Finally, we present a study on underwater freshwater communications based on electromagnetic waves, where we analyze the dependency of underwater communications as a function of working frequency, temperature, data transfer rates and modulation. Related to underwater environment, we present two proposals. First one refers to the implementation of a sensor network for marine farms which allows us to reduce the amount of waste deposited on the seabed and reduce the percentage of wasted food. The second proposal is the development of two oceanographic sensors which allow us to control the amount of food and feces deposited in seabed and the water turbidity control in a very simple and inexpensive way. All these developments and proposals have been preceded by a comprehensive study on the energy problems in wireless sensor networks. We have also presented several techniques which can be used to prolong the network lifetime and improve its stability.
Sendra Compte, S. (2013). Deployment of Efficient Wireless Sensor Nodes for Monitoring in Rural, Indoor and Underwater Environments [Tesis doctoral]. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/32279
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