Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Environmental safety'
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1
Yeniseieva, D. "Environmental safety of Ukraine." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2016. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/45419.
Full textAbstract:
The environmental situation in the world and especially in Ukraine is
becoming more threatening. Ukraine is an industrial state which holds a
significant place in the global economy that directly causes significant
pollution.
Today, the ecological situation in the country is characterized by a
deep ecological crisis and is extremely tense since the Chernobyl disaster,
due to the influence of the command economy of the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics, depreciation of fixed assets of industrial and transport
infrastructure, insufficient knowledge among society and noncompliance
with environmental legislation.
2
Yeniseieva, D. A. "Environmental Safety of Ukraine." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2016. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/49128.
Full textAbstract:
The environmental situation in the world and especially in Ukraine is becoming
more threatening. Ukraine is an industrial state which holds a significant place in
the global economy that directly causes significant pollution.
Today, the ecological situation in the country is characterized by a deep
ecological crisis and is extremely tense since the Chernobyl disaster, due to the
influence of the command economy of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics,
depreciation of fixed assets of industrial and transport infrastructure, insufficient
knowledge among society and noncompliance with environmental legislation.
3
Kusnezh, Anastasiya, and Kateryna Matsagor. "Financial support environmental safety of Ukraine." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2011. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/10047.
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Economic security is the foundation of any country in the world. But environmental issues are increasingly brought for discussion in the world community. To ensure the most efficient and prosperous country should provide three main factors: social and environmental and economic security. It is clear that each of these factors depends on the other two. In this article we will examine the relationship between environmental and economic security.
When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/10047
4
Dovha, L. "Regulation mechanism of the environmental safety." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2015. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/40714.
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The main areas of improvement of the economic regulation
mechanism of environmental safety is the modernization of existing
regulators, carried out simultaneously with the development and
implementation in practice of new market instruments. International
experience shows that environmental management system depends on the
efficiency of economic mechanism of nature, which is based on a balanced
combination of regulators and enforcement of restrictive controls
stimulating and compensatory [1].
5
Zhou, Jun. "Determination of Safety/Environmental Integrity Level for Subsea Safety Instrumented Systems." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for produksjons- og kvalitetsteknikk, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-23119.
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The master thesis describes, compares current methods in the literature, and proposes new methods for determination of safety/environmental integrity level of safety instrumented systems (SISs). These systems are used widely in many industry sectors to detect the onset of hazardous events and mitigate the consequences to humans, the environment and material assets. The main objective of this thesis has been to investigate the risk based approaches for determination of safety /environmental integrity level of SISs. The focus of the thesis is the risk graph and layer of protection analysis approach for subsea applications where the failure of such systems could lead to significant environmental consequences. The thesis builds on concepts, methods and definitions adopted in two main standards for SIS applications: IEC 61508 and IEC 61511. The proposals of new methods are inspired by these two standards and other relevant literature found during the master thesis project. The main contributions of this thesis are:1.Discussion on current environmental risk acceptance criteria used on Norwegian Continental Shelf and proposal of new environmental risk acceptance criteria based on release volume for subsea SISs applications where the consequences of hazardous events include environmental damages.2.A modified risk graph approach suited for SIL/EIL determinations for subsea SISs. This approach is demonstrated and tested in a case study.3.Detailed discussion on the effect of common cause failures between the designated SIS and the existing protection layers during SIL/EIL determination. A framework for determining SIL/EIL considering such CCFs is developed. This framework includes CCFs quantification in two phases: SIL determination phase and SIL realization phase. A checklist is developed for CCFs quantification in the early phase.
6
Side, Jonathan. "Offshore safety, environmental and fishery resource protection." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/1073.
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Newbury, Brian. "Integrated health, safety and environmental management systems." Thesis, University of South Wales, 2000. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/integrated-health-safety-and-environmental-management-systems(6a947bb5-bda0-4466-9cb6-f02ad514cb9a).html.
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The continued rise in accident and ill health statistics throughout the member states of the European Union indicate that the standards of occupational health, safety and environmental control require further improvement to minimise the current level of loss. Management systems are regarded as an effective means of reducing this loss by continuously improving standards. Whilst there is much discussion and debate about the possibilities of integrating management systems, at present, there are no national or international published integrated management standards, although some multi-national companies have introduced their own internal integrated standards. The research explored the development of an integrated health, safety and environmental (HSE) management system within a range of industrial organisations. This included the development of tools for successful implementation of integrated systems, specifically for significance review, risk assessment and auditing. Resources and accreditation constraints precluded exhaustive testing of all clauses within the proposed integrated management standard. However, analysis of key aspects of the standard revealed: 1. The introduction and use of separate health, safety and environmental (HSE) management systems improved the standards of risk control within organisations. 2. Organisations perceived that there were clear business advantages in some form of integration of existing standards. 3. The developed integrated HSE standard was technically possible in the area of policy development, process operations, working instructions and documentation. However, the integration of risk assessment and audit tools gave limited advantages compared to existing separate systems. 4. The proposed integrated HSE standard complied with both individual European member states national legislative requirements and European/World-wide management standard criteria. In summary this thesis represents an original contribution to the field of integrated management systems. The thesis also identifies areas of further work that will increase the knowledge base, scope of application of the work carried out.
8
Mikhaylova, Irina. "Estimation of environmental safety of ukraine territory." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2007. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/12842.
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Bamzar, Roya. "Ensuring elderly mobility : environmental and safety issues." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-207794.
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The aim of this thesis is to provide a better understanding of the issues of safe mobility for the elderly population in Sweden. This is achieved first by assessing the geography and patterns of elderly falls at the county level and then by conducting a detailed survey with residents in senior housing to investigate the relationship between indoor and/or outdoor environmental characteristics and elderly safety. Safety is regarded as a multidimensional concept that involves risk of falls, crime victimization and elderly people’s perception of their overall safety. Using a case study approach, the study also assesses the types of outdoor places where most crimes against the elderly take place and the types of places most feared by them. The study adapts a set of qualitative and quantitative methods to capture the nature of the phenomena; trends, patterns and frameworks that support the analysis and implications of the results for both research and practice. The findings show that elderly falls in Sweden vary geographically and exhibit gender, age, environmental, and socio-economic differences. The mobility of the older population is influenced by their perceived safety in indoor and outdoor environments. Certain features of apartment layout and furniture arrangement are identified as potential causes of falls. Older adults’ perception of safety exhibits a distance-decay effect from their senior housing building. Distance decay indicates that safety is deemed highest closest to their homes and decreases as the distance increases. There are indications that older adults take longer routes and increase their mobility because they are fearful at certain spots in their neighbourhood. The thesis concludes with a discussion of the results and implications for both research and policy making at the local and county levels. QC 20170602
My doctoral project was funded byLars Erik LundbergScholarship Foundation.
10
Salmanova, K. V. "Legal basis of ensuring environmental safety in Ukraine." Thesis, Дніпропетровський національний університет залізничного транспорту ім. академіка В. Лазаряна, 2017. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/8972.
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Linnik, Yuliya. "Environmental and consumer safety of goods and services." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2007. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/8345.
Full textAbstract:
The problem of safety is one of global human problems which directly concerns with survival of humanity. It has a system property and that is why it requires the examination from different sides of different sciences such as politics, economics, marketing, jurisdiction e.t.c. The scientific and technologic development on the one side satisfies people’s needs, increases social and economic safety of society, but on the other side brings forward danger to the man’s health and environment.
При цитуванні документа, використовуйте посилання http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/8345ENVIRONMENTAL AND CONSUMER SAFETY OF GOODS AND SERVICES Yuliya Linnik Sumy State University, Sumy, Ukraine The problem of safety is one of global human problems which directly concerns with survival of humanity. It has a system property and that is why it requires the examination from different sides of different sciences such as politics, economics, marketing, jurisdiction e.t.c. The scientific and technologic development on the one side satisfies people’s needs, increases social and economic safety of society, but on the other side brings forward danger to the man’s health and environment. При цитировании документа, используйте ссылку http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/8345
12
Tanaka, Kōtarō. "Safety of foundations against liquefaction." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/36526.
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13
Tolouei, R. "Interactions between environmental and safety performance in vehicle design." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2011. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1318139/.
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One potential interaction between environmental and safety goals in transport is found within the vehicle fleet where fuel economy and safety impose conflicting requirements on vehicle design. Larger and heavier vehicles have a better secondary safety performance during a crash. On the other hand, they are associated with higher levels of fuel consumption and emissions. This issue has generated debate amongst researchers and policy makers when formulating policies to improve the environmental performance of the road transport system. An extensive review of literature reveals that arguments has often been based on either little research evidence, or research that has inadequacies in the applied methodologies. This research investigates the safety consequences of changes in vehicles mass within the vehicle fleet aimed at increasing fleet fuel economy. The partial effects of mass on fuel consumption rate and secondary safety performance were estimated using a cross-sectional analysis of mass within the British passenger car fleet. Estimation results confirmed that fuel consumption increases as mass increases and were different for different fuel and transmission types. It was shown that vehicle mass has both protective and aggressive safety effects where vehicle size only tends to have protective effects; these were estimated using a novel methodology based on a detailed analysis of two-car crashes. The estimated relationships were used to investigate partial safety and environmental effects of changes in mass distribution within the fleet using an introduced incremental approach. Results generally showed that the relationship between fuel economy and safety performance in vehicle design depends on the characteristics of the vehicle fleet, and in particular, mass distribution. It was shown that an informed change in the mass distribution not only imposes no trade-off between the fuel economy and safety goals, but also could lead to a desirable outcome in both aspects.
14
Nekrasenko, L. "Financial mechanisms for regulation of environmental safety in Ukraine." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2015. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/40824.
Full textAbstract:
Dependence on fossil energy sources, high fuel prices and poor
environment require a revision of energy policy in Ukraine [1]. In addition,
the burning of fossil fuels is the main cause of air pollution. The main
natural agents to reduce the impact are coniferous forests, which absorb and
accumulate carbon dioxide. But unfortunately, more than 100 years of
forest management due to consumer approach has lead to decrease by 40%
the total forest area of the Ukraine. Ministry of Forestry of Ukraine was
established only in 1966, it main task was to restore the forests. The forest
cover increased by 1.5 times for 50 years and to date is 16% of Ukraine [2].
15
Gono, Charles Saye. "Environmental surveillance monitoring XYZ-La Crosse." Online version, 2001. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2001/2001gonoc.pdf.
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Humphrey, Nora A. (Nora Anne) 1975. "Analysis of hurricane wind load safety factors." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/80155.
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Nadig, Ragava. "Development of environmental health and safety database for small communities." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2001. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2113.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2001.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 95 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 69-70).
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Colbourne, Daniel Henry. "Methods for assessing environmental, safety and performance of alternative refrigerants." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2006. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1445386/.
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This thesis addresses the general subject of implementation of refrigerants that are alternatives for ozone depleting substances. In particular it covers three topics, which are environmental assessment, system performance and safety aspects related to flammability. The first Part examines the current means of assessing the global wanning impact of systems, and proposes an improved approach. The second Part presents a new balancing technique for designing systems that use refrigerants with a temperature glide, as an advancement over the conventional technique for pure refrigerants. The third Part derives a quantitative risk assessment model to be employed for evaluating the safety of hazard of flammable refrigerants. The concept of'Total Equivalent Warming Impact'' is introduced in Part 1, which is currently used by manufacturers, installers and end-users of refrigerating systems to evaluate the contribution to climate change resulting from energy consumption and refrigerant leakage. It was found that existing methods rely on many assumptions, so a thorough approach was proposed to assess the relevance of the assumptions and providing ways of avoiding them. An alternative measure for interpretation of consequences of greenhouse gas emissions is also included. Part 2 investigated the existing approach for rating and balancing sy stem components, which were found to be incompatible when applied to zeotropic refrigerants. Differences in the performance of components using pure and zeotropic refrigerants were identified, and so a new method for component rating and an advanced system balancing technique were developed based on the properties specific to zeotropes. Within Part 3, a framework for calculating ignition frequencies and consequences of a release of hydrocarbon refrigerant is presented. A major element of these calculations is the evaluation of certain quantities of the flammable mixture, and the model developed for this purpose w as based on the results from a series of gas dispersion experiments.
19
Obikhod, A., A. Omelchenko, and I. Illiashenko. "Kyiv environmental safety financing: problems and ways of their overcoming." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2016. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/45355.
Full textAbstract:
The state of natural-technogenic and environmental safety of Kyiv is
extremely complicated. The natural component of the hazard is caused,
primarily, by the complex relief. Thus, among natural threats and risks are
landslide processes, flooding, complex meteorological phenomena, etc. The
relatively small territory of the city is oversaturated with complex
engineering structures and production (radiation, chemical, hydrodynamic,
explosion fire hazard) and has one of the highest population density. At the
risk of emergency situation (ES) there will be a few million people in the
affected area. According to the State Service of Emergencies of Ukraine,
during 2014 the death toll as a result of emergencies accounted for 3 people
and 33 people suffered. In 2013 there were 7 ES, the number of sufferers
and dead were 95 and 3 people, respectively.
20
Choi, Young-Seon. "The physical environment and patient safety: an investigation of physical environmental factors associated with patient falls." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/45974.
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Patient falls are the most commonly reported "adverse events" in hospitals, according to studies conducted in the U.S. and elsewhere. The rate of falls is not high (2.3 to 7 falls per 1,000 patient days), but about a third of falls result in injuries or even death, and these preventable events drive up the cost of healthcare and, clearly, are harmful outcomes for the patients involved. This study of a private hospital, Dublin Methodist Hospital, in Dublin, Ohio analyzes data about patient falls and the facility's floor plans and design features and makes direct connections between hospital design and patient falls. This particular hospital, which was relatively recently constructed, offered particular advantages in investigating unit-layout-related environmental factors because of the very uniform configuration of its rooms, which greatly narrowed down the variables under study.
This thesis investigated data about patients who had suffered falls as well as patients with similar characteristics (e.g., age, gender, and diagnosis) who did not suffer falls. This case-control study design helps limit differences between patients. Then patient data was correlated to the location of the fall and environmental characteristics of the locations, analyzed in terms of their layout and floor plan. A key part of this analysis was the development of tools to measure the visibility of the patient's head and body to nurses, the relative accessibility of the patient, the distance from the patient's room to the medication area, and the location of the bathroom in patient rooms (many falls apparently occur during travel to and from these areas).
From the analysis of all this data there emerged a snapshot of the specific rooms in the hospital being analyzed where there was an elevated risk of a patient falling. While this finding is useful for the administrators of that particular facility, the study also developed a number of generally applicable conclusions. The most striking conclusion was that, for a number of reasons, patients whose heads were not visible from caregivers working from their seats in nurses' stations and/or from corridors had a higher risk of falling, in part because staff were unable to intervene in situations where a fall appeared likely to occur. This was also the case with accessibility; patients less accessible within a unit had a higher risk of falling. The implications for hospital design are clear: design inpatient floors to maximize a visible access to patients (especially their heads) from seats in nurses' stations and corridors.
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Johnson, Jeffrey Allen. "Miami University Internship as Interim Director Environmental Health & Safety Offices." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1484159642586789.
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Boysen, Stephanie Ann Van Dyke. "An evaluation of Aveda Corporation's environmental and safety management system (ESMS) orientation/inudction training in an ISO 14001 framework." Online version, 2004. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2004/2004boysens.pdf.
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Hudson, Jacob D. "TRAFFIC SAFETY INVESTIGATIONS FOR LOCAL AGENCIES." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2010. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/411.
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National and statewide (California) collision numbers are currently on the
decline; however, the U.S. is declining at a much slower rate than most other
developed countries, and in some aspects is actually regressing in terms of traffic
safety. Although state highway safety is improving, local roadway safety may
actually be regressing. Approximately three-quarters of all U.S. public roadways,
and approximately 80% of all injury accidents fall under the jurisdiction of cities.
However, cities may not be allocating the proper level of resources, or operating
under the proper administrative methodologies to adequately address these
safety issues.
This research finds that on average, California cities are experiencing
increasing annual collision rates. In particular, small cities with populations of
less than 25,000 are experiencing the largest increases, whereas larger cities are
experiencing static or slightly decreasing collision rates. California’s statewide
collision statistics and the administration surveys conducted as part of this study
indicate that there is a correlation between a city’s administrative
analysis/mitigation methodologies and their annual collision rate trends.
Specifically, cities with lower traffic engineering staff to population ratios tend to
have increasing collision rates, as opposed to cities with high staff to population
ratios, which have decreasing collision rates. Also, this research shows that cities
that allocate more traffic safety resources to enforcement over engineering tend
to have increasing collision rates, as opposed to cities allocating more resources
to engineering that have decreasing collision rates.
This research also finds that there are predominant and correctable
factors that lead to the various collision types. Cities that employ routine system
wide traffic safety audits addressing location-specific collision trends based on
these predominant factors tend to have decreasing collision rates, as opposed to
those that do not.
In general, collision rates among U.S. cities are increasing largely due to
increasing rates on roadways within the jurisdiction of smaller cities, most
commonly with populations under 25,000. Over one-third of cities are not staffed
at the proper levels, not allocating the necessary resources to traffic engineering
activities, and are not employing an adequate evaluation/mitigation strategy. The
findings of this study provide guidance and framework to cities for developing
effective traffic safety strategies by identifying the characteristics of those cities
that have been successful in reducing collision rates as examples. In particular
the value of this research is important for non-engineering administrative staff
and political bodies in terms of establishing appropriate staffing levels and
resource allocations necessary for an effective traffic safety program.
The findings of this study provide guidance and framework to cities for
developing effective traffic safety policy preference by identifying the
characteristics of those cities that have been successful in reducing collision
rates as examples. In particular this research is important for non-engineering
administrative staff and political bodies in terms of establishing appropriate
staffing levels and resource allocations necessary for a transportation
department to be effective in reducing traffic collisions and resulting damages.
24
Hassan, Syed Ahmed. "Health, safety and environmental practices in the construction sector of Pakistan." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-183327.
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Many south Asian countries are deficient in appropriate documentation, legislation and surveillance related to occupational health and safety (OHS). All these countries have high OHS incidence rate and labourers working in these countries are constantly exposed to occupational accidents and diseases. Although occupational accidents and work-related concerns have been in debate for a long time, no concrete moves have been taken, making situations worse and posing consistent coercions to an increasing labour force. The current research was carried out to examine the main hazards faced by construction workers in Pakistan and the response of health, safety and environment (HSE) department in plummeting these hazards and in certaining sustainability in construction companies in Pakistan. Workers working in the construction industry are incessantly bared to unsafe working conditions and have to confront several kind of hazards. This embraces exposure to sound, dust and toxic substances, issues of ergonomics, stress etc. This study employed a comprehensive fact-finding design. Data was harbored using interviews, academic articles and reports from international and national organisations. Employer, administration and labourers all lack knowledge about OHS issues in Pakistan. The majority of the labourers are unskilled, uninformed and unregistered. There are no native directives, which are coupled with both OHS and the construction industry. There is an absence of safety ethics, and neither reporting nor monitoring is conducted in the construction business. Companies see HSE issues as an economic burden which will eventually end up mounting production costs. Labourers don’t follow safety instructions; they don’t wear personal protective equipment (PPE), they reckon wearing this equipment would cause obstruction in their work and would influence their productivity. The use of PPE is essential in the construction activity, as it is considered as the last line of defence. All this has affected the construction industry tremendously collectively in terms of financial loss, human loss and image loss, and injury incidence rates have increased alarmingly. Implementation of sustainable development is a core responsibility of an HSE department. Dearth of HSE means lack of sustainability in the construction sector. Today, sustainability is an important aspect of development. It means that development should not only be economically feasable but also socially and environmentally viable both for current and future generations. There is much need to formulate new strict policy and laws or to amend old ones, laws which are effective and practical in promoting HSE and sustainability norms in the construction sector of Pakistan. The main hazards that are faced by construction workers are falling from height, lifting activity and electrocution. HSE departments play a chief role in minimizing worksite accidents and in promoting sustainable development in work settings. For ensuring sustainable practices on construction sites, HSE departments formulate integrated working policy, keeping in mind social, environmental and econmical aspects and considering inputs from all stakeholders. In addition, they look for innovative green technologies and green materials which are more environmental friendly, economical and require less energy.
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Салманова, Ксенія Вікторівна. "Legal analysis of Ukrainian legislation in the field of environmental safety." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2019. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/13160.
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Сотник, Ірина Миколаївна, Ирина Николаевна Сотник, Iryna Mykolaivna Sotnyk, and I. Dyagovchenko. "Environmental safety and energy efficiency as a priority of japanese energetics." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/31804.
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By the state and structure of electricity generation capacity, it can be judged which stages of formation were passed by Japanese power industry under the influence of national energy policy. The result of world's energy crisis in 1970s was the restructuring of the thermal power industry in Japan to its diversification. Since the "oil shocks" the share of oil in electricity production decreased consistently – from 73.2% in 1973 to 5.16% in 2011. At the same time capacities of thermal power plants using oil had not been taken out of operation but had not been modernized, remaining a reliable reserve for unforeseen failures in other segments of the electric power industry: Japanese power companies periodically have to resort to additional combustion of oil in case of any problems at nuclear power plants (NPP).
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27
Herasymenko, Nataliia. "Estimation of modern motor gasoline properties, which determine its environmental safety." Thesis, Національний авіаційний університет, 2020. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/49668.
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Робота публікується згідно наказу ректора від 21.01.2020 р. №008/од "Про перевірку кваліфікаційних робіт на академічний плагіат у 2019-2020 навчальному році". Керівник проекту: доцент, к. т. н. Черняк Лариса МиколаївнаObject of research: the relationship between the content of different hydrocarbons in gasoline and its environmental properties. Subject of research: automotive fuels. Aim of work: assessment of environmental safety of automotive gasoline level. Methods of research: an analytical method, which includes analysis and generalization of information for determining the general tendency of environmental friendliness of motor gasoline, methods of statistical analysis of data received from calculation.
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Мовчан, Ірина Вікторівна. "Assessment of the environmental safety level of the fuel storage facility." Thesis, Національний авіаційний університет, 2020. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/49673.
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Робота публікується згідно наказу ректора від 21.01.2020 р. №008/од "Про перевірку кваліфікаційних робіт на академічний плагіат у 2019-2020 навчальному році". Керівник проекту: доцент кафедри екології, к.т.н., Черняк Лариса МиколаївнаObject of research: the impact of petroleum products on the environment. Subject of research: fuel storage facilities. Aim оf research: to investigate the environmental safety of fuel storage facilities. Methods of research: analytical method that includes analyzing and generalizing information to determine the environmental safety of fuel storage facilities, and methods for statistical data analysis. Results, novelty and added value: as a result of assessment of the environmental safety level of the fuel storage facility the proper and effective fuel vapor recovery systems for this fuel storage facility was proposed. Usage of this system will make this fuel storage facility more ecological safety.
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Мовчан, Ірина Вікторівна. "Assessment of the environmental safety level of the fuel storage facility." Thesis, Національний авіаційний університет, 2020. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/43581.
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Робота публікується згідно наказу ректора від 21.01.2020 р. №008/од "Про перевірку кваліфікаційних робіт на академічний плагіат у 2019-2020 навчальному році". Керівник проекту: доцент кафедри екології, к.т.н., Черняк Лариса МиколаївнаObject of research: the impact of petroleum products on the environment. Subject of research: fuel storage facilities. Aim оf research: to investigate the environmental safety of fuel storage facilities. Methods of research: analytical method that includes analyzing and generalizing information to determine the environmental safety of fuel storage facilities, and methods for statistical data analysis. Results, novelty and added value: as a result of assessment of the environmental safety level of the fuel storage facility the proper and effective fuel vapor recovery systems for this fuel storage facility was proposed. Usage of this system will make this fuel storage facility more ecological safety.
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Herasymenko, Nataliia. "Estimation of modern motor gasoline properties, which determine its environmental safety." Thesis, Національний авіаційний університет, 2020. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/41532.
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Робота публікується згідно наказу ректора від 21.01.2020 р. №008/од "Про перевірку кваліфікаційних робіт на академічний плагіат у 2019-2020 навчальному році". Керівник проекту: доцент, к. т. н. Черняк Лариса МиколаївнаObject of research: the relationship between the content of different hydrocarbons in gasoline and its environmental properties. Subject of research: automotive fuels. Aim of work: assessment of environmental safety of automotive gasoline level. Methods of research: an analytical method, which includes analysis and generalization of information for determining the general tendency of environmental friendliness of motor gasoline, methods of statistical analysis of data received from calculation.
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Liang, Pei-Shih. "Biosensor Development for Environmental Monitoring, Food Safety, and Secondary Education Applications." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/311212.
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This dissertation develops biosensors for rapid detection of pathogens for environmental monitoring and food safety applications and utilizes the multidisciplinary and multi-application characteristics of biosensors to develop a lesson plan that can be implemented in secondary education classrooms. The detection methods evolve from particle immunoagglutination assay, PDMS optofluidic lab-on-a-chip, and spectrum analysis to smartphone and image analysis without any reagent; the potential application in secondary education also underlines the extended value of biosensors. In the first paper presented here, an optofluidic lab-on-a-chip system and subsequent sampling procedure were developed for detecting bacteria from soil samples utilizing Mie scattering detection of particle immunoagglutination assay. This system and protocol detected the presence of Escherichia coli K12 from soil particles in near real-time (10 min) with a detection limit down to 1 CFU mL⁻¹ and has the potential to be implemented in the field. We also compared the interaction between E. coli and soil particles to the two-step protein-surface interaction. In the second paper, a smartphone-utilized biosensor consisting of a near-infrared (NIR) LED (wavelength of 880 nm) and a digital camera of a smartphone was developed for detecting microbial spoilage on ground beef, without using any reagents. The method was further improved by programming a smartphone application that allows the user to position the smartphone at an optimum distance and a range of angles utilizing its internal gyro sensor to measure a series of scatter intensities against the detection angle. This handheld device can be used as a preliminary screening tool to monitor microbial contamination on meat products. In the third paper, we designed a lesson plan for secondary education classrooms using biosensors as a core and branching out to different applications and fields of study with the goal of heightening students' interest and motivation toward attaining degrees and careers in STEM fields. Results revealed that the lesson was more effective in affecting younger students than older students, and more effective in teaching about the applications of biosensors than about the techniques of biosensor development.
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Pio, Gianmaria <1992>. "Ultra-Low Temperature Partial Oxidation: Detailed Kinetics, Safety, and Environmental Issues." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/9616/1/Thesis_Pio.pdf.
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The innovation in several industrial sectors has been recently characterized by the need for reducing the operative temperature either for economic or environmental related aspects. Promising technological solutions require the acquisition of fundamental-based knowledge to produce safe and robust systems. In this sense, reactive systems often represent the bottleneck. For these reasons, this work was focused on the integration of chemical (i.e., detailed kinetic mechanism) and physical (i.e., computational fluid dynamics) models. A theoretical-based kinetic mechanism mimicking the behaviour of oxygenated fuels and their intermediates under oxidative conditions in a wide range of temperature and pressure was developed. Its validity was tested against experimental data collected in this work by using the heat flux burner, as well as measurements retrieved from the current literature. Besides, estimations deriving from existing models considered as the benchmark in the combustion field were compared with the newly generated mechanism. The latter was found to be the most accurate for the investigated conditions and fuels. Most influential species and reactions on the combustion of butyl acetate were identified. The corresponding thermodynamic parameter and rate coefficients were quantified through ab initio calculations. A reduced detailed kinetic mechanism was produced and implemented in an open-source computational fluid dynamics model to characterize pool fires caused by the accidental release of aviation fuel and liquefied natural gas, at first. Eventually, partial oxidation processes involving light alkenes were optimized following the quick, fair, and smoot (QFS) paradigm. The proposed procedure represents a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach for the construction and validation of accurate models, allowing for the characterization of developing industrial sectors and techniques.
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Wu, Siyuan. "Investigating Lighting Quality: Examining the Relationship between Perceived Safety and Pedestrian Lighting Environment." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/48170.
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Pedestrian lighting design is a very important part of urban lighting design. Appropriately designed pedestrian lighting can provide people with sense of safety and improve their quality of life. However, the exploration of people's needs and perceptions of pedestrian lighting is neglected. Most of the existing design guidelines are generated from designer centered perspectives.
This study aims at creating new perspectives in pedestrian lighting study. In this study, lighting quality is investigated through a behavioral science approach by examining the relationship between the lighting attributes and people's perceived safety. Primary research objectives include identifying important attributes of the lighting environment, examining their influence on people's perceived safety, and exploring the impacts of pedestrian's individual characteristics in this perceptual process. In order to fulfill the research objectives, this thesis comprises an online survey that aims to discover the environmental perceptions of the people from Virginia Tech towards the nighttime pedestrian footpath scenes of the campus.
The findings from the online survey indicate that important lighting attributes influencing people's perceived safety are identified as: uniformity, facial recognition, concealment and perceived brightness. The findings further indicate that some environmental context attributes, environmental perception attributes, and socio-demographic attributes also significantly influence people's perceived safety. Several design guidelines are provided for future lighting design practice.Master of Landscape Architecture
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Tseng, Chun-Hao. "Safety performance analyzer for constructed environments (SPACE)." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1148572816.
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Raybould, Simon. "Environmental correlates of childhood leukaemia in Tyne and Wear." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.329172.
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Nasser, Thomas-Olivier. "A framework to monitor the safety performance of transportation systems." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/11814.
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Mineer, Samuel Thomas. "Roadway Safety Analysis Methodology." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2016. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6056.
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The Utah Department of Transportation (UDOT) Traffic and Safety Division continues to advance the safety of the state roadway network through network screening and decision making tools. In an effort to aid UDOT in meeting this goal, the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at Brigham Young University (BYU) has worked with the Statistics Department in developing analysis tools for highway safety, specifically the Utah Crash Prediction Model (UCPM) and the Utah Crash Severity Model (UCSM). Additional tools and methodologies, such as the "Hot Spot Identification and Analysis," have been created to summarize the roadway characteristics, crash data, and possible countermeasures of roadway segments with safety problems.This research focuses on the creation of a three part "Roadway Safety Analysis" methodology, which applies and automates the cumulative work of recently completed highway safety research conducted for UDOT. The first part is to prepare the roadway data and crash data for the statistical analysis. The second part is to perform the network screening statistical analysis; rank the segments by state, UDOT Region, and county; and select segments of interest. The third part is to compile and publish the Roadway Safety Analysis reports for the selected segments of interest. These parts are accomplished using the automation tools and graphical user interfaces (GUIs), which are documented in three respective volumes of user manuals. The automation tools and GUIs were developed with checks and processes to allow the Roadway Safety Analysis methodology to be completed with new, updated roadway and crash datasets.The Roadway Safety Analysis methodology allows future iterations of the UCPM and UCSM analysis and compilation of the Roadway Safety Analysis reports to be conducted in a user friendly environment. A series of critical data columns were identified to communicate the need for data consistency for future iterations of this safety research. An example of the entire process of the Roadway Safety Analysis methodology is given to illustrate how the three parts tie together. The overall process has automated data processing tasks, which saves time and resources for the analyst to investigate possible safety measures for segments of interest. Recommendations for future highway safety research are given, including continued development of the Roadway Safety Analysis methodology, an analysis of intersections and horizontal curves, the implementation of the Roadway Safety Analysis methodology to other states, and the advancement of safety countermeasures and geospatial tools for highway safety research.
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Bohdan, V., and N. Karaeva. "Information support for environmental assessment of the enterprise effectiveness." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2015. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/40710.
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Contemporaneous (modern) approach to raise ecological safety of
economic activity has to be based on the operative recourses management
methods with using the information technologies (IT). Complex number
and using the information allow creating necessary analysis data base,
forecasting and planning economical and ecological activity of enterprise,
raise the basing of the creating strategies, gives the ability for modern
correction of plans and budget of the enterprise.
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Goodfellow, Faith Juliet Lydiard. "Environmental management of chemical incidents : improving the public health response." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368612.
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Harmak, Craig W. "Danger Afoot: Sidewalks, Environmental Justice, and Pedestrian Safety in Pinellas County, Florida." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2007. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002013.
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Pampin-Garcia, R. "Fusion power : safety and environmental analysis using integrated, three-dimensional computer modelling." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.542395.
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Fusion power studies provide insight into physics and technology issues that need addressing to develop fusion as an optimal electricity generation alternative in the near future. As part of them, calculations are performed of different parameters important for the safety and environmental assessments of power plant concepts based on magnetically confined burning plasmas. These assessments help optimise such concepts, and involve many different physics disciplines and the use of large computational codes and nuclear databases. The work presented in this thesis has been developed within the Fusion Technology group of the UKAEA Fusion Division, under the framework of the European Power Plant Conceptual Study. For the safety and environmental assessment of four different fusion power plant concepts, estimations were made of the amount, characteristics and radiotoxicity of the activated material arising from neutron irradiation of the structures. Results were used to analyse: (a) public safety, through the bounding accident analysis, obtaining maximum temperature excursions following hypothetical, internally-driven, worst-case accidents, and (b) the radioactive waste arising from the operation of the plant, and in particular the possibility to re-utilise some of the irradiated material. Calculations were assisted by, and helped in the development of, a new computational tool coupling the neutron transport, activation and thermal analyses to the same three-dimensional geometry
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Manlove, Nellie K. "Safety, environmental, and economic conflicts in siting liquefied natural gas marine terminals." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 75 p, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1694433041&sid=11&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Kaliher, Thomas L. "Improve safety, health, and environmental protection through the introduction of Six Sigma." Online version, 2003. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2003/2003kalihert.pdf.
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Elzey, Sherrie Renee. "Applications and physicochemical characterization of nanomaterials in environmental, health, and safety studies." Diss., University of Iowa, 2010. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/494.
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As commercially manufactured nanomaterials become more commonplace, they have the potential to enter ecological and biological environments sometime during their lifecycle of production, distribution, use or disposal. Despite rapid advances in the production and application of nanomaterials, little is known about how nanomaterials may interact with the environment or affect human health. This research investigates an environmental application of nanomaterials and characterizes the physicochemical properties of commonly manufactured nanomaterials in environmental health and safety studies.
Characterization of nanomaterials for applications and environmental health and safety studies is essential in order to understand how physicochemical properties correlate with chemical, ecological, or biological response or lack of response. Full characterization includes determining the bulk and surface properties of nanomaterials. Bulk characterization methods examine the shape, size, phase, electronic structure and crystallinity, and surface characterization methods include surface area, arrangement of surface atoms, surface electronic structure, surface composition and functionality.
This work investigates the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO2 to N2 and O2 with ammonia on nanocrystalline NaY, Aldrich NaY and nanocrystalline CuY using in situ Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. It was determined that the kinetics of SCR were 30% faster on nanocrystalline NaY compared to commercial NaY due to an increase in external surface area and external surface reactivity. Copper-cation exchanged nanocrystalline Y resulted in an additional increase in the rate of SCR as well as distinct NO2 and NH3 adsorption sites associated with the copper cation. These superior materials for reducing NOx could contribute to a cleaner environment.
This work consists of characterization of commonly manufactured or synthesized nanomaterials and studies of nanomaterials in specific environmental conditions. Bulk and surface characterization techniques were used to examine carbon nanotubes, titanium dioxide nanoparticles, bare silver nanoparticles and polymer-coated silver nanoparticles, and copper nanoparticles. Lithium titanate nanomaterial was collected from a manufacturing facility was also characterized to identify occupational health risks. Particle size distribution measurements and chemical composition data showed the lithium titanate nanomaterial forms larger micrometer agglomerates, while the nanoparticles present were due to incidental processes.
A unique approach was applied to study particle size during dissolution of nanoparticles in aqueous and acidic conditions. An electrospray coupled to a scanning mobility particle sizer (ES-SMPS) was used to determine the particle size distribution (PSD) of bare silver nanoparticles in nitric acid and copper nanoparticles in hydrochloric acid. The results show unique, size-dependent dissolution behavior for the nanoparticles relative to their micrometer sized counterparts.
This research shows size-dependent properties of nanomaterials can influence how they will be transported and transformed in specific environments, and the behavior of larger sized materials cannot be used to predict nanomaterial behavior. The type of nanomaterial and the media it enters are important factors for determining the fate of the nanomaterial. These studies will be important when considering measures for exposure control and environmental remediation of nanomaterials.
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Wong, Wang. "Risk assessment of exposure to lead : comparison between Shanghai, China and Birmingham, UK." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/7604.
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Glenister, Helen Mary. "Surveillance methods for hospital infection." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1991. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/664/.
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Eight selective surveillance methods were assessed for their effectiveness in detecting hospital infection and the time required for data collection. The methods were compared with a reference method which was designed to identify all patients and infections in the study population (patients occupying 122 beds of a district general hospital). The selective methods were: - laboratory based ward surveillance - laboratory based telephone surveillance - ward liaison surveillance - laboratory based ward liaison surveillance - risk factor surveillance - temperature chart surveillance - treatment chart surveillance - temperature and treatment chart surveillance. The proportions of community acquired infection (CAI) and hospital acquired infection (HAI) detected by the selective surveillance methods varied; the highest proportion of CAI (70%) was identified by treatment chart surveillance, and temperature and treatment chart surveillance, and of HAI (71%), detected by laboratory based ward liaison surveillance. The time for data collection ranged from 1.5 hours/122 beds/week for laboratory based telephone surveillance to almost 8 hours for temperature and treatment chart surveillance. The time for the reference method was 22.1 hours/122 beds/week. Using the proportion of patients with HAI detected and time required for data collection to assess the methods, laboratory based ward liaison surveillance was the most effective and an efficient method. This method was revised minimally and introduced into six district general hospitals by infection control nurses. The time for data collection ranged from 4 to almost 8 hours/120 beds/week. The revision did not affect the proportion of HAI detected, however, the proportion of CAI identified was significantly reduced. The reproducibility of laboratory based ward liaison surveillance was good. The results will enable infection control teams to make an objective and rational choice of methods for the surveillance of hospital infection.
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Bayram, Hasan. "The effect of air pollutants on functional and biochemical changes in bronchial epithelial cells from atopic patients with mild asthma and non-atopic non-asthmatic volunteers." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.287215.
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Bullard, Jeremy. "Methods for describing localised variations in disease risk and application to childhood respiratory symptoms and road traffic in Sheffield." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.272102.
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Cherni, Judith A. "The contradictions of economic growth : environmental pollution, ill-health and economic development in Houston, Texas." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1997. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1469/.
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The core theme of this thesis is the potential contradiction between the objective of economic growth in terms of the sustenance of the natural environment and human health. The basic research theme is the identification of the underlying political and economic processes that relate to rising air pollution and corresponding ill-health in cities. It explores the relationship between air pollution and child ill-health in Houston, a highly developed US city. The analysis points out that since the early 1900s, there has been rampant unregulated economic growth in Houston and that weak environmental protection has contributed to both past and current concentrations of industrial pollution, the net result of which is that the environment is severely damaged and human health is deleteriously affected. The thesis indicates theoretical and epistemological limitations in emerging interpretations and highlights that air pollution and ill-health are not simply physical or social problems but they reflect the integration of biological mechanisms and political and economic priorities. This thesis reconceptualizes the connection between the economy and the environment, integrates abstract and empirical investigation, defines the structural character of spatial relations, combines global economic processes with local patterns of environmental degradation, and links historical growth to ecological and health changes. The field-work consisted of a large comparative household survey to examine local air pollution and child ill-health. It was informed by investigations of institutions and documents and complemented by semi-structured interviews. Clusters of child ill-health were found in low-and high-income households in areas near petrochemicals. While it is clear that the socio-economic circumstances of each household influenced the state of child health, this study demonstrates that spatial relations also played a significant role in the relationship. The procedures and analyses are conceptualized through a critical realist methodology, contextualized in a political-economy approach and framed within a theoretical perspective of historical social relations.
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Brightmer, Mary Irene. "The spatial pattern of leprosy in the Cross River region of Nigeria." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.358948.
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