Academic literature on the topic 'Environmental risk coverage'
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Journal articles on the topic "Environmental risk coverage":
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Sachsman, David B., Peter M. Sandman, Michael R. Greenberg, and Kandice L. Salomone. "Improving press coverage of environmental risk." Industrial Crisis Quarterly 2, no. 3-4 (September 1988): 283–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/108602668800200307.
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Greenberg, Michael R., David B. Sachsman, Peter M. Sandman, and Kandice L. Salomone. "Network Evening News Coverage of Environmental Risk." Risk Analysis 9, no. 1 (March 1989): 119–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.1989.tb01227.x.
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Greenberg, Michael R., David B. Sachsman, Peter M. Sandman, and Kandice L. Salomone. "Risk, Drama and Geography in Coverage of Environmental Risk by Network TV." Journalism Quarterly 66, no. 2 (June 1989): 267–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107769908906600201.
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SACHSMAN, DAVID B. "Commentary: Should Reporters Use Risk as a Determinant of Environmental Coverage?" Science Communication 21, no. 1 (September 1999): 88–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1075547099021001004.
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Burke, Jenna J., Rani Hoitash, and Udi Hoitash. "Auditor Response to Negative Media Coverage of Client Environmental, Social, and Governance Practices." Accounting Horizons 33, no. 3 (May 1, 2019): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/acch-52450.
Abstract:
SYNOPSIS We use new data to examine auditor response to negative media coverage of client environmental, social, and governance (ESG) practices. This coverage can be indicative of an increased risk of material misstatement, which is an important assessment in client retention and pricing decisions. Specifically, media criticism can threaten a client's financial condition, as well as reveal management effectiveness and integrity issues that are further compounded by negative attention and related financial problems. We therefore predict that auditors will notice and incorporate media-provided ESG information in their risk response, which has not been examined by prior research. Supporting this prediction, we find that ESG-related negative media coverage of an audit client is associated with a higher likelihood of auditor resignation and increased audit fees. This response is incremental to the issues that underlie this media coverage. Overall, these findings identify an additional economic incentive for companies to avoid poor ESG practices.
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Stack, S. "Media coverage as a risk factor in suicide." Injury Prevention 8, no. 90004 (December 1, 2002): 30iv—32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ip.8.suppl_4.iv30.
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Ahmed, Masroor, Dr Shahid Minhas, and Dr Tasaduq Hussain. "Environmental Journalists Perspective on the Coverage of Environmental Issues in Media of Pakistan." Issue-2 04, no. 02 (September 30, 2020): 418–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.36968/jpdc-v04-i02-22.
Abstract:
Pakistan is facing serious environmental issues which is becoming a risk for the citizens of the country. This study is designed to focus on the Environmental journalist’s perspective on the coverage of environmental issues in the Media of Pakistan. Survey research method was used and a structured questionnaire was distributed to collect data from environmental journalists in Pakistan. A non-probability sampling method, snow ball sampling was applied to collect data from the journalists on the specified issues. The questionnaire was sent to 20 journalists covering environmental beats, in which 18 responded. All major issues prevailing in the context of environment (globally/locally) were incorporated in the questionnaire. The results showed that, according to the environmental journalists, the coverage of environmental issues in the media of Pakistan is not satisfactory, even considerable low, print and electronic media were the only major channel of communications that covered environmental issues, while these issues have significance and also audiences have some sort of interest in these issues, but journalists noted that there is no such options to highlight in the media due to some major reasons except a little coverage in the media.
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Friedman, Sharon M., Kara Villamil, Robyn A. Suriano, and Brenda P. Egolf. "Alar and apples: newspapers, risk and media responsibility." Public Understanding of Science 5, no. 1 (January 1996): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0963-6625/5/1/001.
Abstract:
During 1989, a major environmental and health risk issue, the spraying of Alar on apples, created a furor among the American people. After hearing charges from the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) that eating Alar-laden apples significantly increased a child's risk of developing cancer, numbers of school districts dropped apples from their menus and parents poured apple juice down the drains. Apple sales plummeted. The NRDC's charges, which were disseminated by a well-planned and effective public relations campaign, brought counter-charges from the US Environmental Protection Agency, which accused the NRDC of basing its study on poor data, among other things. The core of the dispute was in the risk figures and risk interpretations being used by each organization. This study reviewed coverage in 13 newspapers during 1989 of the Alar issue. It found good and bad aspects, but little to support the degree of criticism applied by many people to media coverage of Alar. The 13 newspapers produced a total of 297 articles during the year and were not sensational in their approach. Many played the story in the prime news sections, alerting people to possible problems as suggested in most interpretations of media responsibility. Many articles also included a large number of sources and gave the apple industry a prominent voice. More problematic was their treatment of the Alar story as a hard news event, with short, superficial articles that lacked detailed analysis of the central part of the controversy—the risk issues. Four newspapers from apple-growing regions provided generally better coverage of the issue than did those from non-apple regions. The Alar issue has become a major landmark in media coverage of risk. The coverage had great economic and other repercussions that still continue. These newspapers would have been more responsible had they made health risk information more central in their coverage. Instead, reporters covered the conflict itself instead of the science behind the conflict. The study suggests a new model of risk reporting to better serve readers and viewers.
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Stack, S. "Media coverage as a risk factor in suicide." Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health 57, no. 4 (April 1, 2003): 238–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech.57.4.238.
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Reiter, Thomas M. "The trigger of coverage for environmental losses under all‐risk property insurance policies." Environmental Claims Journal 3, no. 4 (June 1991): 471–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10406029109355042.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Environmental risk coverage":
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Hua, Meiying. "Media Coverage of Negative Environmental, Social and Governance Issues, and Analyst Cash Flow Forecasts." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1576678957366195.
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Gordon, Ken. "A content analysis of newspapers in twelve states to determine print media bias in reporting on pesticide issues in 1995." Virtual Press, 1996. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1033640.
Abstract:
A content analysis of 36 newspapers in 12 states were examined to determine if balanced reporting of pesticide and water issues existed in 1995. There were two hypotheses explored in this study: One, that journalists tend to bias their reporting of pesticide and water issues by using more mentions from environmental groups than other sources; and two, that journalists tend to bias their reporting by using more negative terminology than positive terminology when reporting on pesticide and water issues.An on-line search using the Lexis-Nexis newspaper database produced 302 usable articles for this study. The number of mentions of environmental groups, government agencies and agri-industry officials were listed in coding sheets. Also, negative versus positive terminology was coded.A chi-square analysis of coded data derived from the selected articles demonstrated that journalists use a balance of sources when reporting on pesticide and water issues. However the analysis also shows that journalists frequently use more negative terminology, such as "toxic," or "contaminated," than positive when writing about pesticide and water issues.Recommendations at the end of this study are made to help reporters understand more thoroughly the definitions of some of the terminology they use in writing about pesticide and water issues.Department of Journalism
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Batakou, Mahuwetin Sylvie. "Le risque environnemental et l'assurance." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LYSE3002.
Abstract:
Le risque environnemental envisagé se définit comme les atteintes à l’environnement causées par l’activité des entreprises entraînant leurs responsabilités, source d’un dommage écologique ou préjudice écologique, et les obligeant à prendre des mesures pour le réparer, voire le prévenir. La consécration par le droit de la responsabilité du préjudice écologique dit pur, c’est-à-dire ceux causés à l’environnement lui-même, ont obligé les assureurs à se structurer et à proposer des garanties adéquates. Au-delà de la responsabilité environnementale telle que prévue par le Code de l’environnement, désormais, sur le fondement des articles 1246 et suivants du Code civil, toute personne, et par conséquent, toute entreprise, et pas seulement celles dont l’activité constitue un risque pour l’environnement, doit réparer les atteintes causées et mettre en place, si besoin, des mesures de prévention de ces dommages. Ces coûts, mis à sa charge et susceptibles d’entamer sa survie financière, ne peuvent être assumés sans le recours à l’assurance. Celle-ci permet alors la couverture et le règlement des préjudices écologiques purs. Rôle essentiel en aval, l’assurance joue aussi un rôle en amont en permettant et favorisant la prévention du risque environnemental. Ce faisant, l’assurance des risques environnementaux s’inscrit pleinement dans la démarche de développement durable actuelle. Mais si l’assurance traditionnelle est la technique la plus adaptée à la réparation effective des atteintes causées à l’environnement, elle ne peut à elle seule couvrir le risque environnemental. Il existe des limites substantielles, temporelles et financières dans les contrats d’assurance environnement, nécessitant une réflexion sur la mise en place d’une indemnisation plurale. De ce fait, l’intervention complémentaire d’autres mécanismes d’indemnisation, et particulièrement d’un fonds d’indemnisation, est indispensable. Au terme de notre étude, le rôle crucial de l’assureur dans la réparation des atteintes causées à l’environnement est mis en évidence. Mais il doit être inséré dans un mécanisme d’indemnisation plus large et repensé, constitué par la mise en place d’une part d’une obligation d’assurance et d’autre part d’un fonds d’indemnisation spécialEnvironmental risk is defined as the damage to the environment caused by the activities of companies that give rise to their responsibilities, which are the source of ecological damage or ecological harm and oblige them to take measures to repair or even prevent it. The enshrinement by liability law for so-called pure ecological prejudice, i.e. those caused to the environment itself, has obliged insurers to structure themselves and offer adequate guarantees. Beyond environmental liability as provided for in the Environmental Code, henceforth, on the basis of Articles 1246 et seq. of the Civil Code, any person, and consequently any company, and not only those whose activity constitutes a risk for the environment, must repair the damage caused and put in place, if necessary, measures to prevent such damages. These costs, which are borne by him and are likely to affect his financial survival, cannot be assumed without recourse to insurance. This one can then be used to cover and pay for pure ecological damages. Insurance plays an essential downstream role, but also an upstream role by enabling and promoting the prevention of environmental risk. In this way, environmental risk insurance is fully in line with the current sustainable development approach. However, while traditional insurance is the technique best suited to effectively repairing damage caused to the environment, it alone cannot cover environmental risk. There are substantial, temporal and financial limitations in environmental insurance contracts, requiring consideration of the implementation of a multifaceted compensation system. As a result, the complementary intervention of other compensation mechanisms, particularly a compensation fund, is indispensable. At the end of our study, the crucial role of the insurer in repairing environmental damages is highlighted. However, it must be included in a broader and rethought compensation mechanism, consisting of the establishment of an insurance obligation on the one hand and a special compensation fund on the other
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Romans, Amy. "The macroecological distribution of avian functional diversity : environment, extinction risk and protected area coverage." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2014. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/52159/.
Abstract:
134 bird species have gone extinct since 1500 and more than a fifth are currently threatened or near-threatened. Consequences of biodiversity loss for ecosystems depend on community composition rather than simply species richness, hence interest in functional diversity (FD) - variety of traits that influence ecosystem functioning – has increased. This thesis uses a global set of avian traits and geographic range maps to investigate the macroecological distribution of FD. Old World latitudinal gradients of FD are found to reflect contemporary environment, particularly energy availability. Analyses restricted to sedentary species reveal the importance of migration (e.g. for breeding assemblages a positive association with temperature seasonality explains 6.7% of the variance in FD having accounted for species richness, whereas a negative association explains 21.4% for residents). This is further investigated by comparing seasons across the Palaearctic-Afrotropical flyway, e.g. functional richness (volume of trait space occupied by an assemblage), which ranges from 0 to 0.33, declines by 0.08-0.17 in the northernmost cells in the non-breeding season compared to the breeding season. Some traits increase sensitivity to human disturbance, e.g. habitat breadth, but birds across South and Southeast Asia are used to demonstrate scale-dependence; traits explain 21.4% of the variance in global extinction risk compared to 6.7% for local extinction with diet type more important in the former and use of manmade sites in the latter. Globally, narrow-ranging species are less likely to inhabit protected areas (12% of land surface) and analyses show they are associated with particular regions of trait space (those related to higher habitat strata, feeding at lower trophic levels and smaller body size) compared to better protected, wide-ranging species. By identifying the main environmental correlates of FD, factors associated with extinction risk and current FD protection, these findings could help identify areas at future risk of decreasing delivery of ecosystem processes.
Books on the topic "Environmental risk coverage":
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Klaidman, Stephen. Health in the headlines: The stories behind the stories. New York: Oxford University Press, 1991.
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Moore, Cassandra Chrones. Haunted housing: How toxic scare stories are spooking the public out of house and home. Washington, DC: Cato Institute, 1997.
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Office, General Accounting. Medicare: Technology assessment and medical coverage decisions : fact sheet for the Subcommittee on Technology, Environment, and Aviation, Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1994.
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(2005), Anmin Chŏngchʻaek Pʻorŏm. Hanʼguk hyŏndaesa: Chinsil kwa haesŏk. Kyŏnggi-do Pʻaju-si: Nanam Chʻulpʻan, 2005.
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Environmental Risk Reporting: Science and the Coverage, Proceedings of a Workshop. Diane Pub Co, 1991.
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Dai, Jia, and Fanxu Zeng. Environmental Risk Communication in China: Actors, Issues and Governance. Taylor & Francis Group, 2021.
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Dai, Jia, and Fanxu Zeng. Environmental Risk Communication in China: Actors, Issues and Governance. Taylor & Francis Group, 2021.
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Environmental Risks and the Media. Routledge, 1999.
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Allan, Stuart. Environmental Risks and the Media. Routledge, 2000.
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Newton, David E. Environmental Justice. 2nd ed. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400646911.
Abstract:
Environmental Justice: A Reference Handbook, Second Edition offers a current overview of the environmental inequities faced by poor and minority communities and the development of the grassroots movement working to address them. Building on the original edition's focus on the link between social inequalities and the uneven distribution of environmental hazards in the air, water, and soil, Environmental Justice: A Reference Handbook, Second Edition presents a contemporary look at the convergence of the environmental movement and civil rights activism. Environmental Justice, Second Edition follows the rise and maturation of the movement focused on environmental racism, describes solutions that have been implemented, and examines issues that remain unresolved. The book offers a wealth of new data and information, particularly in its expanded coverage of environmental disparities in developing countries and its rich bibliography of print and online resources.
Book chapters on the topic "Environmental risk coverage":
1
Zhang, Xingzhao, Xinyu Wu, Luqiao Yang, Jiaqi Xu, Ruizhe Luo, and Jiawei Yao. "Effect of Morphological Indicators on the Pedestrian Level Wind of the Existing Workers Villages in Shanghai." In Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication, 175–86. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8637-6_15.
Abstract:
AbstractThe workers villages are typical residential type during Shanghai’s urbanization built from the 1950s to the 1980s. Due to changes in the urban environment and climatic circumstances, the workers villages have inadequate natural ventilation and difficulty in dispersing pollutants, putting residents’ health at risk. In the context of urban renewal, it is necessary to clarify the effect of building morphological indicators on pedestrian level wind, especially in such old residential communities. In this paper, 100 workers villages representatives were gathered by GIS. Their summer ventilation conditions were simulated using the CFD solving the LES turbulence equation. The correlation between 9 morphological indicators and 2 pedestrian level wind indicators was obtained quantitatively by Pearson analysis and regression analysis. The result shows increasing the building coverage of 0.94% in the workers villages, the ratio of the area of the static wind in summer will increase subsequently by 10%. The results highlight the importance of considering morphological indicators to enhance the wind environment, and provide suggestions for the environmental transformation of communities with similar characteristic in the high-density city.
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Ratcliff, Chelsea L., Jakob D. Jensen, Katheryn Christy, Kaylee Crossley, and Melinda Krakow. "News Coverage of Cancer Research." In Risk and Health Communication in an Evolving Media Environment, 156–75. New York: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315168821-8.
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Haigh, Michel M. "Examining Print Coverage of the Keystone XL Pipeline." In Risk and Health Communication in an Evolving Media Environment, 191–206. New York: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315168821-10.
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Houwen, Reinder J., Henk Boer, and Jan M. Gutteling. "An Extension of the Coverage-Attitude Hypothesis: Coverage of Technological and Environmental Hazards in Dutch Newspapers and Readers’ Reactions." In New Risks: Issues and Management, 553–61. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0759-2_59.
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Pinto, Juliet, and Mercedes Vigón. "Comparing Cuban and South Florida Spanish-Language Media Coverage of Sea-Level Rise." In News Media Coverage of Environmental Challenges in Latin America and the Caribbean, 47–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70509-5_3.
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Noussia, Kyriaki. "Underwriting Environmental Risks for Carbon Capture Usage and Storage (CCUS) Coverage: Challenges and Best Practices Forward." In AIDA Europe Research Series on Insurance Law and Regulation, 343–54. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-47602-0_12.
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Zammarchi, Gianpaolo, Maurizio Romano, and Claudio Conversano. "Evolution of Media Coverage on Climate Change and Environmental Awareness: An Analysis of Tweets from UK and US Newspapers." In Studies in Classification, Data Analysis, and Knowledge Organization, 403–11. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-09034-9_43.
Abstract:
AbstractClimate change represents one of the biggest challenges of our time. Newspapers might play an important role in raising awareness on this problem and its consequences. We collected all tweets posted by six UK and US newspapers in the last decade to assess whether 1) the space given to this topic has grown, 2) any breakpoint can be identified in the time series of tweets on climate change, and 3) any main topic can be identified in these tweets. Overall, the number of tweets posted on climate change increased for all newspapers during the last decade. Although a sharp decrease in 2020 was observed due to the pandemic, for most newspapers climate change coverage started to rise again in 2021. While different breakpoints were observed, for most newspapers 2019 was identified as a key year, which is plausible based on the coverage received by activities organized by the Fridays for Future movement. Finally, using different topic modeling approaches, we observed that, while unsupervised models partly capture relevant topics for climate change, such as the ones related to politics, consequences for health or pollution, semi-supervised models might be of help to reach higher informativeness of words assigned to the topics.
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Wu, Jue. "Research on Individual Authority and Group Authority Relations in Collaborative Problem Solving in Middle School Mathematics." In Perspectives on Rethinking and Reforming Education, 75–99. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-7386-6_4.
Abstract:
AbstractIn collaborative problem solving mathematical learning environments, students often use a range of mathematical and non-mathematical forms of language to gain authority. Previous research on student participation defined individual and group authority relations in collaborative mathematical problem solving and their coding. A video text of six groups of Grade 7 middle school students working in groups of four on the task “Xiao Ming’s Apartment” was studied. The study analysed individual authority and group authority relations in high- and low-scoring groups. The findings were drawn from the rise and fall of individual authority, the proposal negotiation units (authority nodes) of group authority relations, and the discourse coverage of students’ different authority relations. It was found that differences in individual authority between high- and low-scoring groups affected how students distributed and shifted group authority relations in collaborative problem solving in middle school mathematics.
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Gruszczynski, Lukasz. "SPS: environmental risk assessment." In Trade and Environmental Law. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/9781783476985.xi.37.
Abstract:
The Elgar Encyclopedia of Environmental Law is a landmark reference work, providing definitive and comprehensive coverage of this dynamic field. The Encyclopedia is organised into 12 volumes around top-level subjects – such as water, energy and climate change – that reflect some of the most pressing issues facing us today. Each volume probes the key elements of law, the essential concepts, and the latest research through concise, structured entries written by international experts. Each entry includes an extensive bibliography as a starting point for further reading. The mix of authoritative commentary and insightful discussion will make this an essential tool for research and teaching, as well as a valuable resource for professionals and policymakers.
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Tugjamba, Navchaa, Batchuluun Yembuu, Amarbayasgalan Gantumur, and Uranchimeg Gezel. "Research Study on Climate Change Education for Sustainable Development in Mongolia." In Research Anthology on Environmental and Societal Impacts of Climate Change, 1004–26. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-3686-8.ch050.
Abstract:
There is scientific consensus that Mongolia is already facing the negative consequences of climate change. Raising public awareness and increasing education initiatives is one of the most important ways to adapt and mitigate climate change. The paper consists of two main sections. The first section reviewed the policies and provisions in support developing climate change education for sustainable development and analyzed the level of teachers' knowledge of climate change education for sustainable development and determined the needs for teacher training. The second part assessed the coverage level of climate change education for sustainability in national educational standards, curricula and textbooks in Mongolia. To evaluate the coverage level, the team defined the concepts and coverage of Climate change education (CCE), Disaster risk reduction (DRR) and Education for sustainable development (ESD) and developed the indicators to analyze CCE/DRR/ESD content coverage on the curricula and textbooks.
Conference papers on the topic "Environmental risk coverage":
1
Miah, Suruz, Mostafa M. H. Fallah, Arian Y. Panah, and Davide Spinello. "Non-Autonomous Feedback Control for Area Coverage Problems With Time-Varying Risk." In ASME 2016 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2016-9669.
Abstract:
Motivated by area coverage optimization problems with time varying risk densities, we propose a decentralized control law for a team of autonomous mobile agents in a two dimensional area such that their asymptotic configurations optimize a generalized non-autonomous coverage metric. The generalized non-autonomous coverage metric explicitly depends on a nonuniform time-varying measurable scalar field that is not directly controllable by agents. Several interesting scenarios emerge with time varying risk density. In this work, we consider the case of area surveillance against moving targets or external threats penetrating through the perimeter, and the case of environmental monitoring and intervention with deployment of mobile sensors in areas affected by penetration of substances governed by diffusion mechanisms, as for example oil in a marine environment. In the presence of time-varying risk density the coverage metric is non-autonomous as it includes a time varying component that does not depend on the evolution of the agents. Our non-autonomous feedback law accounts for the time-varying component through a term that vanishes when the risk eventually stops evolving. Optimality with respect to the induced non-autonomous coverage is proven in the framework of Barbalat’s lemma, and the performance is illustrated through simulation of the these two scenarios.
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Kocur-Bera, Katarzyna. "Information (Maps, Projects) Collected for Safety Space Management." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.201.
Abstract:
The main aim of the study is to analyse the maps and projects which inform us about locations at risk of extreme weather events and other hazards to the space. In the last decade, research into hazards has become an area of interest to many projects under implementation. During their implementation, a lot of information with a different scope, accuracy and scale is obtained. The projects and maps under study provide valuable information for various levels of space management and planning as well as for crisis management. For the implementation of research aims, an analysis and synthesis of the obtained materials concerning the maps and projects were used. The results indicate that the gathered information does not always fulfil the needs of local governments. In spatial planning, information should refer to a cadastral parcel or real estate; however, certain projects and maps are not accurate enough and have a rather global coverage, which makes them useless for the purposes of spatial planning. To this end, an analysis and synthesis of the obtained materials concerning the maps and projects were used.
3
Zhang, Shaohui, Weihe Huang, Guoqiang Bi, Jianli Zhang, Xiaohui Zhang, Hucheng Wen, Changjun Ma, Junqing Bai, and Haijun Li. "Intelligent Risk Identification and Warning Model for Typical Drilling Operation Scenes and its Application." In SPE/IADC Middle East Drilling Technology Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/214599-ms.
Abstract:
Abstract The drilling operation procedures are complicated and its risks are high. The unsafe behavior of well site personnel and the unsafe state of equipment and materials are the main causes of drilling accidents. At present, these are mainly supervised by drilling supervisors. The supervisors, who's supervising means are single, cannot achieve full coverage of on-site personnel, equipment and materials. In order to realize intelligent identification and warning of drilling operation risks, the intelligent risk identification and warning model for typical drilling operation scenes and its application are carried out. First of all, considering the influence of different environmental conditions, the approach of automatically generating image dataset based on machine learning is proposed, and the typical scene sample image database is established. Meanwhile, the typical scene risk identification model based on YOLOv5 algorithm is designed and established by introducing feature aggregation, loss function and attention mechanism, and the algorithm model is trained and tested by using neural network method. In addition, based on the risk identification of drilling operation, the approach of risk warning and feedback is put forward. Finally, a set of ablation experiments are designed to test the performance of the improved algorithm models in drilling well sites. By using the approach of automatically generating image dataset based on machine learning, the foreground and background images can be automatically fused, and the standardized collection and classified storage of well site video image data are realized, saving a lot of manpower labeling costs. With the use of the risk identification model of typical scenes, typical risks can be automatically identified, with the mAP of 90.3% and the response time of less than 2 seconds. Three ways of mobile phone short message, well site speaker and screen pop-up reminder have been developed to timely send the identified risks to relevant personnel. Through intelligent risk identification and processing, the operation risk is reduced, the operation quality is guaranteed, and the supervision efficiency and effect are improved significantly. The intelligent risk identification and warning models of typical drilling operation scenes are innovatively established by using the approach of combining the drilling operation risk identification theory and artificial intelligence technology, which solves the problem of intelligent risk identification and warning of typical drilling operation scenes, and provides theoretical and practical basis for the development of digital supervision management in the drilling operation.
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Riley, P. "Policy and Law Relating to Radioactive Waste: International Direction and Human Rights." In ASME 2003 9th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2003-4948.
Abstract:
The anticipated doubling of world demand for electricity over the next fifty years requires that the gift of nuclear energy that has served developed nations over the past half century must not be abandoned. However, the absence of a clear and unequivocal policy regarding the storage and disposal of radioactive waste is seen by a significant section of the public as a threat to their rights and the non-existence of dedicated regulation of radioactive waste based on law has become an obstacle to the development of nuclear energy in Europe and the USA. A European survey of public opinion carried out at the request of the European Commission revealed that three-quarters of the respondents to sixteen thousand interviews believed that ‘all radioactive waste is very dangerous’. The public perception of threat has been fostered by the general lack of appreciation of the cautious system of radiation protection that has evolved from scientific observation and prediction of the risk of cancer from exposure to low level radiation. The concept of collective dose based on the system of radiation protection and applied to accident scenarios with remote possibilities, but in the absence of scientific assessment of the balance afforded by the pragmatism that man applies to everyday risks including the risk of cancer from the ever-present background of natural radiation, has added a measure of dread to the public sense of threat. That dread has been exacerbated by the emergence since September 2001 of the possibility of the use of radioactive waste as a terrorist weapon and for radioactive waste storage facilities to be seen as terrorist targets. International policy has moved from the comprehensive coverage of nuclear regulation with radioactive waste as an integral, but minor player, in the nuclear energy process to particular consideration with radioactive waste requiring specific regulation. This paper identifies the vectors that determine the direction of the policy governing radioactive waste, the moves toward consolidation of international policy separate from the body of existing nuclear law and future direction that will clear the way for a sustained, appropriate use of nuclear energy.
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Mercuri, Andrea, Floriano Gianfelici, Giuseppe Blasioli, Vincenzo Luci, Luca Branduardi, Giorgio Arcangeletti, and Elvira Aloigi. "Safe Delivery of H2 and CO2 in Offshore Pipeline Systems: Novel Methodology and Tools for Technological Risk Assessment." In Offshore Technology Conference. OTC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/31760-ms.
Abstract:
Abstract The transition to a decarbonised energy system requires gathering, transport and distribution over short and long distances of CO2 and H2. For such systems, concerning offshore applications, the track record is very limited or null. The scope of this paper is to provide an overview of critical safety aspects and knowledge gaps associated with CO2 and H2 offshore pipelines. This will pave the way for a novel methodology to assess technological risk and will open the path for designing the roadmap to develop new tools for the evaluation of the hazards and their consequences. The starting ground of the novel methodology is the review of the state of art of safety aspects for CO2 and H2 offshore pipeline systems. The paper presents the status of international regulations, applicable tools and methodologies for safety analysis in the new transport scenarios and the available data on fluid release and its consequences (asphyxiation, flammable gas clouds etc). In addition, a specific approach to underwater dispersion modelling is proposed as well as the effort to collect experimental data for validation purpose. The review of the state of the art revealed that, particularly for the offshore system, safety issues are compounded by limited or no experience, lack of accident statistics on which to base risk assessment, limited availability of experimental data on underwater release and dispersion of the product into the atmosphere, toxicity and impact on health, safety and the environment. Last but not least, international regulations need to improve and reach a sufficient level of definition and coverage of topics has not yet been achieved for engineering to have a solid regulatory footprint. In order to ensure that subsea pipeline systems meet the safety and environmental requirements of companies, regulations and international standards, this paper proposes a novel methodology to develop a risk assessment process, from the initial phase during design to the operational life of offshore pipeline systems, exploiting and adapting Saipem knowledge of hydrocarbon risk analysis and consequence modelling tools available to date.
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Mercuri, Andrea, Floriano Gianfelici, Giuseppe Blasioli, Vincenzo Luci, Luca Branduardi, Giorgio Arcangeletti, and Elvira Aloigi. "Safe Delivery of H2 and CO2 in Offshore Pipeline Systems: Novel Methodology and Tools for Technological Risk Assessment." In Offshore Technology Conference. OTC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/31760-ms.
Abstract:
Abstract The transition to a decarbonised energy system requires gathering, transport and distribution over short and long distances of CO2 and H2. For such systems, concerning offshore applications, the track record is very limited or null. The scope of this paper is to provide an overview of critical safety aspects and knowledge gaps associated with CO2 and H2 offshore pipelines. This will pave the way for a novel methodology to assess technological risk and will open the path for designing the roadmap to develop new tools for the evaluation of the hazards and their consequences. The starting ground of the novel methodology is the review of the state of art of safety aspects for CO2 and H2 offshore pipeline systems. The paper presents the status of international regulations, applicable tools and methodologies for safety analysis in the new transport scenarios and the available data on fluid release and its consequences (asphyxiation, flammable gas clouds etc). In addition, a specific approach to underwater dispersion modelling is proposed as well as the effort to collect experimental data for validation purpose. The review of the state of the art revealed that, particularly for the offshore system, safety issues are compounded by limited or no experience, lack of accident statistics on which to base risk assessment, limited availability of experimental data on underwater release and dispersion of the product into the atmosphere, toxicity and impact on health, safety and the environment. Last but not least, international regulations need to improve and reach a sufficient level of definition and coverage of topics has not yet been achieved for engineering to have a solid regulatory footprint. In order to ensure that subsea pipeline systems meet the safety and environmental requirements of companies, regulations and international standards, this paper proposes a novel methodology to develop a risk assessment process, from the initial phase during design to the operational life of offshore pipeline systems, exploiting and adapting Saipem knowledge of hydrocarbon risk analysis and consequence modelling tools available to date.
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Shankar, Vignesh, Herb Li, Eric Pozniak, Chukwuma Onuoha, and Shamus McDonnell. "Leveraging IOT Telemetry to Improve the Tracking of Inline Inspection Tools for Oil and Gas Pipelines." In 2020 13th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2020-9681.
Abstract:
Abstract To ensure the safe transportation of energy, Canadian pipeline operators spend roughly $1.5 billion every year on pipeline integrity. The most practiced form of pipeline integrity is the use of inline inspection (ILI) tools. To ensure that an ILI inspection occurs with minimal to no complications, operators often utilize tracking techniques for the runs. These techniques can be costly and have large safety risks and environmental impacts due to the nature of using manpower to perform the operation. Using advanced Intemet of Things (IOT) telemetry devices, the tracking of ILI tools can be completed from remote locations by installing IOT devices semi-permanently along a pipeline right -of-way. This advancement has ensured the efficient, safe and reliable tracking of ILI tools while eliminating risks involved with conventional tracking. Furthermore, the current generation of IOT telemetry devices offers a tailored suite of ILI tracking sensors such as magnetics, ultrasonic frequency, extremely low frequency (22 Hz), and geophone. This multi sensor tracking solution increases an operator’s confidence in pig passages and flow rate estimations which allows the operator to optimize pump station bypassing. Finally, the IOT telemetry devices are supported by Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) and satellite link which has ensured global coverage to remotely track tools. The communication module for the semi-permanent tracking solution is decided based on network availability and endpoints. This paper will present a comprehensive analysis that compares conventional ILI tracking to cutting-edge IOT telemetry ILI tracking and illustrates improvements in operational efficiency, operational risk, overall safety, environmental impact, and cost-effectiveness. In addition, case studies from recent tracking runs will be shared to demonstrate advancements in IOT telemetry, tracking sensor technology, dynamic user interface capabilities, advanced data dissemination methods, and high precision benchmarking.
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Tiwari, Pankaj Kumar, Debasis Priyadarshan Das, Parimal Arjun Patil, Prasanna Chidambaram, Zoann Low, Ahmad Ismail Azahree, M. Rashad Amir Rashidi, et al. "Monitoring, Measurement and Verification MMV: A Critical Component in Making the CO2 Sequestration Success." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-21213-ms.
Abstract:
Abstract The increasing atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2), a greenhouse gas (GHG) is creating environmental imbalance and affecting the climate adversely due to growing industrialization. Global leaders are emphasizing on controlling the production of GHG. However, growing demands of natural gas, industry is embarking on the development of high CO2 contaminant gas fields to meet supply gap. Development and management of contaminated hydrocarbon gas fields add additional dimension of sequestration of CO2 after production and separation in project management. CO2 sequestration is a process for eternity with a possibility of zero-degree failure. Monitoring, measuring and verification (MMV) of injected CO2 volume in sequestration is critical component along with geological site selection, transportation, storage process. The present study discusses all the impacting parameters which makes whole process environment friendly, economically prudent and adhering to national and international regulations. The migration of injected CO2 plume in the reservoir is uncertain and its monitoring is equally challenging. The role of MMV planning is critical in development of high CO2 contaminant fields of offshore Sarawak. It substantiates that injected CO2 in the reservoir is intact and safely stored for hundreds of years after injection and possesses minimum to no risk to HS&E. The deployment of Multi-Fiber Optic Sensor System (M-FOSS) promises a cost-effective solution for monitoring the lateral & vertical migration of CO2 plume by acquiring 4D DAS-VSP (Distributed Acoustic Sensor – Vertical Seismic Profile) survey and for the well integrity by analyzing DAS/DTS (Distributed Temperature Sensor)/DPS (Distributed Pressure Sensor)/DSS (Distributed Strain Sensor) data. Simulation results and injectivity test at laboratory for in-situ CO2 injection has demonstrated the possibility of over 100MMscfd/well injection in aquifer to meet the total CO2 injection of 1.2Bscfd for full field development while maintaining the reservoir integrity. Uncertainty & risk analysis shows possible presence of seismically undistinguished fractures and minor faults, an early breakthrough of injected CO2 cannot be ruled out. The depleted reservoir storage study divulges the containment capacity of identified carbonate reservoirs as well as conformance of potential storage sites. The fault-seal analysis and reservoir integrity studies determine the robustness of the long-term security of the CO2 storage. Injectivity study demonstrates the optimum and maximum possible rates of CO2 injection into these depleted gas reservoirs. VSP simulation results show that a subsurface coverage of 3-4 km2 per well is achievable, which along with simulated CO2 plume extent help to determine the number of wells required to get maximum monitoring coverage for the MMV planning. The deployment of M-FOSS technology is novel and proactive approach to monitor the CO2 plume migration and well integrity. First ever development of MMV Planning for CO2 Sequestration in offshore Sarawak, Malaysia using novel and cutting-edge M-FOSS technology for proactive monitoring of CO2 plume migration and well integrity.
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Agmon, Noa. "Robotic Strategic Behavior in Adversarial Environments." In Twenty-Sixth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2017/731.
Abstract:
The presence of robots in areas containing threats is becoming more prevalent, due to their ability to perform missions accurately, efficiently, and with little risk to humans. Having the robots handle adversarial forces in missions such as search and rescue, intelligence gathering, border protection and humanitarian assistance, raises many new, exciting research challenges. This paper describes recent research achievements in areas related to robotic mission planning in adversarial environments, including multi-robot patrolling, robotic coverage, multi-robot formation, and navigation, and suggests possible future research directions.
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Burnett, Glenn, Pak Leung, Luz Zarate, Mike James, Keith Kurrus, Jigger Herman, Hobie Boeschenstein, Federico Alvarez, Tim Crandle, and Isenstein Mara. "Case Study of Sustainable Loop Current Monitoring Utilizing Solar-Powered Autonomous Surface Vehicles." In Offshore Technology Conference. OTC, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/35119-ms.
Abstract:
Abstract The Loop Current (LC) and Loop Current Eddies (LCEs) in the Gulf of Mexico (GoM) have significant implications for assets operating in the region, and ocean current data at and below the surface are critical to understanding and forecasting these phenomena. The advent of uncrewed systems enables new methods for collecting these data in a sustainable manner while minimizing the Health, Safety, Security and Environment (HSSE) risk associated with traditional vessels. A study was conducted to better understand both how commercially available Autonomous Surface Vehicle (ASVs) can be used to collect these data, and how the data products compare to traditional industry sources. A 4.8m solar powered ASV from SeaTrac Systems was deployed in the Gulf of Mexico for 39 consecutive days configured with an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP), wind and wave sensor onboard. The LC and LCE were mapped utilizing Sea Surface Height (SSH), Sea Surface Temperature (SST), the Copernicus Mercator model for geostrophic current velocities, and real time measurements from the ADCP onboard the ASV. Survey patterns were formulated to maximize spatial coverage and cover ground as efficiently as possible with respect to power consumption while collecting useful data about the LC and LCE. Transiting over 2900 km under supervision of a remote piloting team, the ASV logged operational data, including propulsion power and solar generation, to analyze, quantify, and compare different piloting strategies. The piloting plan focused on first collecting data in the vicinity of several assets (buoys and rig mounted sensors) that could be used to compare and assess the quality of the data in a range of sea states and environmental conditions. The data collected show a strong correlation between those from the ASV, and those from the buoys and rig mounted assets across all the conditions tested. The second objective was to conceptualize and test different strategies for data collection and analyze them to understand their benefits and limitations. A range of patterns and piloting strategies were tested, some intended to mimic the "manned/status quo", others intended to leverage the benefits of solar powered, uncrewed platforms. The study found that long duration operations with this type of sustainable platform are viable in the LC/LCE environment, and that behaviors with different power consumption requirements can be employed to achieve survey objectives while balancing energy usage with solar generation in a wide range of conditions. A third opportunistic objective was to evaluate the utility of ASVs for asset inspections after significant weather events. No major storms occurred during the trial, but the ASV demonstrated the ability to capture and send back images of several representative assets. This project concludes that ASVs present a viable option as a lower risk, sustainable tool for ADCP surveys in the GoM around the LC and LCEs, but operations must be adjusted for the limitations and capabilities of the platform to maximize value to stakeholders. Further work is needed to expand from a single ASV concept to multiples intelligently working together and collecting data that more comprehensively describe features of interest in ways not possible or practical with traditional approaches.
Reports on the topic "Environmental risk coverage":
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Huntley, D., D. Rotheram-Clarke, R. Cocking, J. Joseph, and P. Bobrowsky. Current research on slow-moving landslides in the Thompson River valley, British Columbia (IMOU 5170 annual report). Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331175.
Abstract:
Interdepartmental Memorandum of Understanding (IMOU) 5170 between Natural Resources Canada (NRCAN), the Geological Survey of Canada (GSC) and Transport Canada Innovation Centre (TC-IC) aims to gain new insight into slow-moving landslides, and the influence of climate change, through testing conventional and emerging monitoring technologies. IMOU 5107 focuses on strategically important sections of the national railway network in the Thompson River valley, British Columbia (BC), and the Assiniboine River valley along the borders of Manitoba (MN) and Saskatchewan (SK). Results of this research are applicable elsewhere in Canada (e.g., the urban-rural-industrial landscapes of the Okanagan Valley, BC), and around the world where slow-moving landslides and climate change are adversely affecting critical socio-economic infrastructure. Open File 8931 outlines landslide mapping and changedetection monitoring protocols based on the successes of IMOU 5170 and ICL-IPL Project 202 in BC. In this region, ice sheets, glaciers, permafrost, rivers and oceans, high relief, and biogeoclimatic characteristics contribute to produce distinctive rapid and slow-moving landslide assemblages that have the potential to impact railway infrastructure and operations. Bedrock and drift-covered slopes along the transportation corridors are prone to mass wasting when favourable conditions exist. In high-relief mountainous areas, rapidly moving landslides include rock and debris avalanches, rock and debris falls, debris flows and torrents, and lahars. In areas with moderate to low relief, rapid to slow mass movements include rockslides and slumps, debris or earth slides and slumps, and earth flows. Slow-moving landslides include rock glaciers, rock and soil creep, solifluction, and lateral spreads in bedrock and surficial deposits. Research efforts lead to a better understanding of how geological conditions, extreme weather events and climate change influence landslide activity along the national railway corridor. Combining field-based landslide investigation with multi-year geospatial and in-situ time-series monitoring leads to a more resilient railway national transportation network able to meet Canada's future socioeconomic needs, while ensuring protection of the environment and resource-based communities from landslides related to extreme weather events and climate change. InSAR only measures displacement in the east-west orientation, whereas UAV and RTK-GNSS change-detection surveys capture full displacement vectors. RTK-GNSS do not provide spatial coverage, whereas InSAR and UAV surveys do. In addition, InSAR and UAV photogrammetry cannot map underwater, whereas boat-mounted bathymetric surveys reveal information on channel morphology and riverbed composition. Remote sensing datasets, consolidated in a geographic information system, capture the spatial relationships between landslide distribution and specific terrain features, at-risk infrastructure, and the environmental conditions expected to correlate with landslide incidence and magnitude. Reliable real-time monitoring solutions for critical railway infrastructure (e.g., ballast, tracks, retaining walls, tunnels, and bridges) able to withstand the harsh environmental conditions of Canada are highlighted. The provision of fundamental geoscience and baseline geospatial monitoring allows stakeholders to develop robust risk tolerance, remediation, and mitigation strategies to maintain the resilience and accessibility of critical transportation infrastructure, while also protecting the natural environment, community stakeholders, and Canadian economy. We propose a best-practice solution involving three levels of investigation to describe the form and function of the wide range of rapid and slow-moving landslides occurring across Canada that is also applicable elsewhere. Research activities for 2022 to 2025 are presented by way of conclusion.