Journal articles on the topic 'Environmental policy Victoria'
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Nancarrow, Susan A., Gretchen Young, Katy O'Callaghan, Mathew Jenkins, Kathleen Philip, and Kegan Barlow. "Shape of allied health: an environmental scan of 27 allied health professions in Victoria." Australian Health Review 41, no. 3 (2017): 327. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah16026.
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Objective In 2015, the Victorian Department of Health and Human Services commissioned the Victorian Allied Health Workforce Research Program to provide data on allied health professions in the Victorian public, private and not-for-profit sectors. Herein we present a snapshot of the demographic profiles and distribution of these professions in Victoria and discuss the workforce implications. Methods The program commenced with an environmental scan of 27 allied health professions in Victoria. This substantial scoping exercise identified existing data, resources and contexts for each profession to guide future data collection and research. Each environmental scan reviewed existing data relating to the 27 professions, augmented by an online questionnaire sent to the professional bodies representing each discipline. Results Workforce data were patchy but, based on the evidence available, the allied health professions in Victoria vary greatly in size (ranging from just 17 child life therapists to 6288 psychologists), are predominantly female (83% of professions are more than 50% female) and half the professions report that 30% of their workforce is aged under 30 years. New training programs have increased workforce inflows to many professions, but there is little understanding of attrition rates. Professions reported a lack of senior positions in the public sector and a concomitant lack of senior specialised staff available to support more junior staff. Increasing numbers of allied health graduates are being employed directly in private practice because of a lack of growth in new positions in the public sector and changing funding models. Smaller professions reported that their members are more likely to be professionally isolated within an allied health team or larger organisations. Uneven rural–urban workforce distribution was evident across most professions. Conclusions Workforce planning for allied health is extremely complex because of the lack of data, fragmented funding and regulatory frameworks and diverse employment contexts. What is known about this topic? There is a lack of good-quality workforce data on the allied health professions generally. The allied health workforce is highly feminised and unevenly distributed geographically, but there is little analysis of these issues across professions. What does this paper add? The juxtaposition of the health workforce demographics and distribution of 27 allied health professions in Victoria illustrates some clear trends and identifies several common themes across professions. What are the implications for practitioners? There are opportunities for the allied health professions to collectively address several of the common issues to achieve economies of scale, given the large number of professions and small size of many.
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Coffey, Brian. "Strategic policy, planning and assessment for sustainability: insights from Victoria, Australia." Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal 4, no. 1 (May 10, 2013): 56–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sampj-03-2012-0012.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to assess recent strategic sustainability policy, planning and assessment efforts in Victoria, Australia.Design/methodology/approachAn interpretive approach to policy analysis provides the methodological foundation for the analysis. Evidence is drawn from the analysis of policy texts and semi‐structured interviews.FindingsSustainability attracted considerable policy attention in Victoria during the first decade of the 21st century, with stated ambitions for Victoria to become “the sustainable state” and “world leaders in environmental sustainability”. In pursuing these ambitions, Victoria's efforts centred on hosting a summit, articulating medium‐term directions and priorities, releasing a whole of government framework to advance sustainability, and establishing a Department of Sustainability and Environment, and a Commissioner for Environmental Sustainability. However, the evidence indicates these efforts would have benefited from greater public engagement and input, stronger governance arrangements, and a broader conceptualisation of sustainability.Practical implicationsThe evidence presented highlights the implications associated with efforts to promote sustainability through strategic policy and planning processes.Originality/valueThis paper provides an informed, yet policy relevant, analysis of the strengths, weaknesses, challenges, and possibilities associated with pursuing sustainability at the sub‐national level. It also highlights the ways in which policy objectives can be frustrated by failing to establish the solid foundations necessary for building a robust approach to promoting sustainability. The value of progressing sustainability within a strategic improvement cycle is also highlighted.
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Martin-Kerry, Jacqueline M., Martin Whelan, John Rogers, Anil Raichur, Deborah Cole, and Andrea M. de Silva. "Addressing disparities in oral disease in Aboriginal people in Victoria: where to focus preventive programs." Australian Journal of Primary Health 25, no. 4 (2019): 317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py18100.
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The aim of this study is to determine where Aboriginal people living in Victoria attend public oral health services; whether they access Aboriginal-specific or mainstream services; and the gap between dental caries (tooth decay) experience in Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal people. Analysis was undertaken on routinely collected clinical data for Aboriginal patients attending Victorian public oral health services and the distribution of Aboriginal population across Victoria. Approximately 27% of Aboriginal people attended public oral health services in Victoria across a 2-year period, with approximately one in five of those accessing care at Aboriginal-specific clinics. In regional Victoria, 6-year-old Aboriginal children had significantly higher levels of dental caries than 6-year-old non-Aboriginal children. There was no significant difference in other age groups. This study is the first to report where Aboriginal people access public oral health care in Victoria and the disparity in disease between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal users of the Victorian public oral healthcare system. Aboriginal people largely accessed mainstream public oral healthcare clinics highlighting the importance for culturally appropriate services and prevention programs to be provided across the entire public oral healthcare system. The findings will guide development of policy and models of care aimed at improving the oral health of Aboriginal people living in Victoria.
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Goode, James. "THE HEALTH POLICY PROCESS IN VICTORIA." Community Health Studies 5, no. 3 (February 12, 2010): 206–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-6405.1981.tb00327.x.
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Ackland, Michael J., Bernard CK Choi, and Zahid Ansari. "Guest Editorial: Indicators and Public Health Policy." Australian Journal of Primary Health 11, no. 3 (2005): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py05035.
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This issue includes a paper from the Victorian Department of Human Services, Australia, addressing applications of data on ambulatory care sensitive condition hospitalisations. This work has been very important for Victoria as it provides robust new indicators of access and quality of primary care services that have direct application to current public health policy. On the surface, this work appears to be the result of a simple set of analyses of routine hospitalisations data; commonplace data that are usually presented in bureaucratic reports that have a life gathering dust on the desks of public sector health administrators. How could such data excite anybody or provoke a practical policy or strategic response?
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Ansari, Z., MJ Ackland, NJ Carson, and BCK Choi. "Small Area Analysis of Diabetes Complications: Opportunities for Targeting Public Health and Health Services Interventions." Australian Journal of Primary Health 11, no. 3 (2005): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py05045.
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The objective of this paper is to present small area analyses of diabetes complications in Victoria, Australia, and to illustrate their importance for targeting public health and health services interventions. Local government areas in Victoria were aggregated into 32 Primary Care Partnerships (PCP), which are voluntary alliances of primary care providers. The 32 PCP areas were used as the basic geographic units for small area analyses. Admission rates for diabetes complications were age and sex standardised using the direct method and the 1996 Victorian population as the reference. Admission rate ratios were calculated using the Victorian admission rates as the reference. The 95 per cent confidence intervals for the standardised admission rate ratios were based on the Poisson distribution. There was a wide variation (almost fivefold) in admission rates for diabetes complications across the PCP catchments, with the lowest standardised rate ratio of 0.37 and the highest of 1.75. There were 11 PCPs (seven metropolitan, four rural) with admission rate ratios significantly higher than the Victorian average. The seven metropolitan PCPs contributed more than 43% of all admissions and bed days for diabetes complications in Victoria. Small area analyses of diabetes complications are an exciting new development aimed at stimulating an evidence-based dialogue between local area health service providers, planners and policy-makers. The purpose is to provide opportunities to target public health and health services interventions at the local level to improve the management of diabetes complications in the community.
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Jayasuriya, Rohan, and A. B. Sim. "Strategic planning in hospitals in two Australian States: An exploratory study of its practice using planning documentation." Australian Health Review 21, no. 3 (1998): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah980017.
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Hospitals are under pressure to respond to new challenges and competition. Manyhospitals have used strategic planning to respond to these environmental changes. Thisexploratory study examines the extent of strategic planning in hospitals in twoAustralian States, New South Wales and Victoria, using a sample survey. Based onplanning documentation, the study indicated that 47% of the hospitals surveyed didnot have a strategic or business plan. A significant difference was found in thecomprehensiveness of the plans between the two States. Plans from Victorian hospitalshad more documented evidence of external/internal analysis, competitor orientation and customer orientation compared with plans from New South Wales hospitals. The paper discusses the limitations of the study and directions for future research.
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McCann, Warren. "Redeveloping Primary Health and Community Support Services in Victoria." Australian Journal of Primary Health 6, no. 4 (2000): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py00032.
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Why Primary Care Reforms?: It gives me very great pleasure to have been asked to speak at this major international Conference about redeveloping primary health and community support services in Victoria. While opening the Conference, the Victorian Minister for Health, the Honourable John Thwaites, launched the Primary Care Partnership Strategy which is one of the most ambitious and far reaching primary health and community support reform agendas in Australia.
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Canter, Marielle J., and Stephen N. Ndegwa. "Environmental Scarcity and Conflict: A Contrary Case from Lake Victoria." Global Environmental Politics 2, no. 3 (August 2002): 40–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/152638002320310527.
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The thesis that environmental scarcity leads to violent conflict in many parts of the developing world has become ascendant in the literature and has gained much publicity in policy circles in the last decade. According to students of environmental scarcity and conflict, the most conflict-prone renewable resource is fresh water. Indeed, Lake Victoria (the world's second largest fresh water lake, shared by three African countries and affecting or affected by nine others in the basin) exhibits the conditions one would expect, based on the literature, to pro duce conflict, and sooner rather than later. However, based on research includ ing fieldwork conducted in June-July 2000, our findings indicate that while en vironmental degradation is evident in the magnitude expected to trigger conflict, violent conflict has not occurred. This paper seeks to explain why this is so, which may suggest how developing nations can avert the supposed trajec tory into violent conflict.
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Lovell, Heather. "Are policy failures mobile? An investigation of the Advanced Metering Infrastructure Program in the State of Victoria, Australia." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 49, no. 2 (September 28, 2016): 314–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308518x16668170.
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This article is about a case of policy failure and negative lesson drawing, namely the implementation of a mandatory smart metering programme – the Advanced Metering Infrastructure Program – in the State of Victoria, Australia, in the period 2009–2013. The article explores the framing of policy failure, and the ways in which failed polices might be mobile. The Advanced Metering Infrastructure Program provides an important empirical counterbalance to existing scholarship on policy learning, transfer and mobility, which is for the most part about positive best practice case studies, emulation and the travelling of ‘fast’ and (by implication) successful policy. There is evidence that the Victorian Advanced Metering Infrastructure Program circulated domestically within Australia and was influential in policy decision making, but that its international mobility was limited. The case is used to explore what gets left behind – or is immobile – in the telling of policy stories about failure. Science and Technology Studies scholarship on the inherent fragility of sociotechnical networks is drawn upon to consider how the concept of assemblage – a popular conceptual lens within policy mobility scholarship – might be applied to better understand instances of policy failure.
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Paxton, Georgia A., Pete C. G. Spink, Margaret H. Danchin, Lauren Tyrrell, Chelsea L. Taylor, Susan Casey, and Hamish R. Graham. "Catching up with catch-up: a policy analysis of immunisation for refugees and asylum seekers in Victoria." Australian Journal of Primary Health 24, no. 6 (2018): 480. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py17049.
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This study examines catch-up immunisation for people of refugee-like background in Victoria, exploring effective models of service delivery to complete catch-up vaccinations. The analysis is based on: (i) review of the medical literature, Commonwealth and Victorian government immunisation policy and immunisation patient information; (ii) review of vaccination coverage and service delivery data; and (iii) stakeholder interviews completed in 2014 with 45 people from 34 agencies, including 9 local government areas in Victoria. Although refugees and asylum seekers all need catch-up vaccinations on arrival, they face significant barriers to completing immunisation in Australia. Analysis suggests missed opportunities by service providers and perceptions that catch-up vaccination is time-consuming, difficult and resource-intensive. Service delivery is fragmented across primary care and local government, and pathways depend on age, location and healthcare access. There are strengths, but also limitations in all current service delivery models. Gaps in vaccine funding for refugee-like populations have now been addressed through Commonwealth initiatives, however migration is still not well considered in immunisation policy, and existing systems for notification payments do not capture catch-up vaccination for these groups. Providers identify areas for improvement in professional development and support, patient information, patient-held records and immunisation surveillance data.
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Beaumont, Marilyn. "Development of the 2000-2005 Victorian Women's Health Plan: A Case Study." Australian Journal of Primary Health 6, no. 4 (2000): 248. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py00059.
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The paper describes and assesses the development of the 2000 to 2005 Victorian Women's Health Plan; a policy overtaken by a range of political processes. It provides a working example of health promotion policy development including mapping the history and context behind the development of the policy. The paper is written from the author's view that good health policy behind funding arrangements is critical for good health practice. It is also important for health service providers to have an understanding of the politics and processes surrounding health policy development and implementation surrounding their practice and to work with this understanding to improve health outcomes. This is particularly the case with health promotion policy because outcomes are generally only identifiable in the longer term. Within Victoria, during the period 1995-1998, a number of things occurred to provide an environment for renewal of interest and potential for progress in women's health policy development. This included an increasing understanding of the relationship between gender and health outcomes. The complex economic, political and environmental elements, understanding of opportunities available, actions developed and taken, and the results are all expanded upon in the paper. The activity resulted in the launch, in August 1999, of the five-year Victorian Women's Health Plan. It was hailed by the then Victorian Premier on the launch occasion as the 'first comprehensive women's health plan to be developed by any Australian state, which leads the way for other States to follow'. The launch coincided with the calling of a State government election. Four weeks later there was a change of government and the process to develop policy has began again.
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Kellehear, Allan. "Guest Editorial: Inaugural Victorian State Conference on Palliative Care." Australian Journal of Primary Health 5, no. 1 (1999): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py99001.
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The inaugural Victorian State Conference on Palliative Care was held at La Trobe University between February 10-12th, 1999. It was organised by Palliative Care Victoria and hosted by the La Trobe University Palliative Care Unit, which is a division of the School of Public Health. Titled 'Sink or Swim: Palliative Care in the Mainstream', the conference theme was a review of current Victorian palliative care policies and their impact on practitioners. The conference was officially opened by the state Minister for Health and Aged Care, the Hon. Rob Knowles. One hundred and fifty delegates attended.
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Murray, Margaret, Emily Bonnell, Sharon Thorpe, Jennifer Browne, Liza Barbour, Catherine MacDonald, and Claire Palermo. "Sharing the tracks to good tucker: identifying the benefits and challenges of implementing community food programs for Aboriginal communities in Victoria." Australian Journal of Primary Health 20, no. 4 (2014): 373. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py14038.
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Food insecurity is a significant issue in the Victorian Aboriginal population, contributing to the health disparity and reduced life expectancy. Community food programs are a strategy used to minimise individual level food insecurity, with little evidence regarding their effectiveness for Aboriginal populations. The aim of this study was to explore the role of community food programs operating for Aboriginal people in Victoria and their perceived influence on food access and nutrition. Semistructured interviews were conducted with staff (n = 23) from a purposive sample of 18 community food programs across Victoria. Interviews explored the programs’ operation, key benefits to the community, challenges and recommendations for setting up a successful community food program. Results were analysed using a qualitative thematic approach and revealed three main themes regarding key factors for the success of community food programs: (1) community food programs for Aboriginal people should support access to safe, affordable, nutritious food in a socially and culturally acceptable environment; (2) a community development approach is essential for program sustainability; and (3) there is a need to build the capacity of community food programs as part of a strategy to ensure sustainability. Community food programs may be an effective initiative for reducing food insecurity in the Victorian Aboriginal population.
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Swamikannu, X., D. Radulescu, R. Young, and R. Allison. "A comparative analysis: storm water pollution policy in California, USA and Victoria, Australia." Water Science and Technology 47, no. 7-8 (April 1, 2003): 311–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2003.0704.
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Urban drainage systems historically were developed on principles of hydraulic capacity for the transport of storm water to reduce the risk of flooding. However, with urbanization the percent of impervious surfaces increases dramatically resulting in increased flood volumes, peak discharge rates, velocities and duration, and a significant increase in pollutant loads. Storm water and urban runoff are the leading causes of the impairment of receiving waters and their beneficial uses in Australia and the United States today. Strict environmental and technology controls on wastewater treatment facilities and industry for more than three decades have ensured that these sources are less significant today as the cause of impairment of receiving waters. This paper compares the approach undertaken by the Environmental Protection Authority Victoria for the Melbourne metropolitan area with the approach implemented by the California Environmental Protection Agency for the Los Angeles area to control storm water pollution. Both these communities are largely similar in population size and the extent of urbanization. The authors present an analysis of the different approaches contrasting Australia with the USA, comment on their comparative success, and discuss the relevance of the two experiences for developed and developing nations in the context of environmental policy making to control storm water and urban runoff pollution.
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Hall, Katrina, and Scott Chidgey. "Assessing the environmental impact of water discharge in a sensitive near-shore marine environment." APPEA Journal 53, no. 1 (2013): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj12026.
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Esso’s Long Island Point facility has been operating for more than 40 years beside Western Port in Victoria, and has discharged treated wastewater and storm water to the bay for most of these years. The 2001 State Environment Protection Policy Schedule F8 for Waters of Western Port is part of Victoria’s Environment Protection Authority’s (EPA) legal framework for licensing discharges to the waters of Victoria, and requires that discharges ‘cause no detrimental change in the environmental quality of the receiving waters, as determined by an environmental monitoring program’. As part of Esso’s ongoing commitment to continuous improvement, a major upgrade to the water treatment facility was completed to further improve the quality of waters discharged to Western Port. In conjunction with this upgrade, Esso is undertaking a study on the effects of the discharge on the environmental quality of Western Port. This peer-reviewed paper presents an example of the practical application of managing discharges to ensure that the stated environmental values of a receiving environment are protected. The environmental study focuses on four key aspects of marine-environment quality relevant to key Western Port ecosystem values in the vicinity of the facility’s effluent discharge, which are: ambient water quality; seagrass biomass; jetty pile epibiota; and, ecological risk through toxicity testing. The study demonstrates the implications of basing regulatory requirements on the quality of the site-specific environmental characteristics, rather than merely effluent quality and generalised water quality objectives. Furthermore, it validates the need for sound science to underpin regulatory limits and industry practices when operating in sensitive environments.
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Johnston, Kim, and Jessica Oliva. "COVID-19 Lockdown Landslides: The negative impact of subsequent lockdowns on loneliness, wellbeing, and mental health of Australians." Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management 16, no. 4 (December 13, 2021): 125–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.24083/apjhm.v16i4.855.
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Objective. We previously reported on loneliness, depression, anxiety and stress of Australians living alone during the first COVID-19-related government enforced lockdown in Australia. At this time, those living alone were experiencing relatively low levels of emotional distress. Since then, one state, Victoria, underwent a second extended lockdown period and until now, it was unclear what impact this sequential lockdown might have had on the mental health and wellbeing of Victorian citizens. The current study aimed to add to the emerging literature on the lockdown experience in Australia by directly comparing the levels of anxiety, depression, stress, loneliness, and wellbeing between Victorians in the second extended lockdown and Australians in the first lockdown. Design. Data from our original study of 384 Australians was compared with cross-sectional surveys of 340 Victorians during the second lockdown period. Setting. An online survey was administered with people residing in Victoria self-selecting to complete the study. Outcome Measures. Participants were asked to complete the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21), WHO-5 Wellbeing Scale, and the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) Loneliness Scale. They were also invited to offer their insights into how the second extended lockdown experience had differed from the first. Results. Independent samples t-tests revealed that Australians were significantly more depressed, anxious, stressed, and lonely, and experienced reduced psychological wellbeing in the second lockdown compared to the first however overall, the levels indicated mild psychological distress. Qualitative insights revealed impact on mental health and a feeling of increased restrictions during lockdown two. Conclusions. Participants demonstrated adaptation to the lockdowns, providing support for the measures the Australian government have adopted to physically protect Australians from COVID-19. Management of the negative psychological impact through attention to wellbeing practices is however recommended in light of the increase in mental health concerns and likely further lockdown periods.
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Wood, Christopher. "Environmental Impact Assessment in Victoria: Australian Discretion Rules EA!" Journal of Environmental Management 39, no. 4 (December 1993): 281–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jema.1993.1071.
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Wills, Ian, and Sigmund Fritschy. "Industry-Community-Regulator Consultation in Improving Environmental Performance in Victoria." Australasian Journal of Environmental Management 8, no. 3 (January 2001): 158–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14486563.2001.10648525.
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Odada, Eric O., Daniel O. Olago, Kassim Kulindwa, Micheni Ntiba, and Shem Wandiga. "Mitigation of Environmental Problems in Lake Victoria, East Africa: Causal Chain and Policy Options Analyses." AMBIO: A Journal of the Human Environment 33, no. 1 (February 2004): 13–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1579/0044-7447-33.1.13.
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Jessup, Brad, and David Mercer. "Energy Policy in Australia: A comparison of environmental considerations in New South Wales and Victoria." Australian Geographer 32, no. 1 (February 2001): 7–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00049180020036222.
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McLennan, Fiona, Kate Vickers, Kylie Mason, Karen Bloomberg, Victoria Leadbetter, and Meg Engel. "Capacity Building and Complex Communication Needs: A New Approach to Specialist Speech Pathology Services in Rural Victoria." Australian Journal of Primary Health 12, no. 2 (2006): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py06024.
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The aim of this article is to provide a description of the establishment of an innovative approach to improving speech pathology services and community inclusion of people with complex communication needs in rural Victoria. The East Hume Regional Communication Service was established by Ovens and King Community Health Service in partnership with Wodonga Regional Health Service in 2004 as part of a "hub and spoke" network of services across Victoria for people with complex communication needs. Unlike traditional speech pathology services that historically have focused on clinical one-to-one intervention, the Regional Communication Service has a strong focus on community capacity building, enhancing inclusion of people with complex communication needs through improved knowledge, skills and attitudes. This paper will review the relevant literature and outline the Victorian Government policy context within which the service was established. Service highlights and successful initiatives will be described and key factors contributing to the success of the East Hume Regional Communication Service will be explored. Areas for process improvement during the initial two years of operation will also be discussed. This article will provide an insight into establishment of a service delivery model addressing both individual needs and community inclusion that has the potential to be extended across multiple disciplines and areas of practice within rural Australia.
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Hanna, Lisa, and Karen Fairhurst. "Using information and communication technologies to consult with patients in Victorian primary care: the views of general practitioners." Australian Journal of Primary Health 19, no. 2 (2013): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py11153.
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Information and communication technologies such as email, text messaging and video messaging are commonly used by the general population. However, international research has shown that they are not used routinely by GPs to communicate or consult with patients. Investigating Victorian GPs’ perceptions of doing so is timely given Australia’s new National Broadband Network, which may facilitate web-based modes of doctor−patient interaction. This study therefore aimed to explore Victorian GPs’ experiences of, and attitudes toward, using information and communication technologies to consult with patients. Qualitative telephone interviews were carried out with a maximum variation sample of 36 GPs from across Victoria. GPs reported a range of perspectives on using new consultation technologies within their practice. Common concerns included medico-legal and remuneration issues and perceived patient information technology literacy. Policy makers should incorporate GPs’ perspectives into primary care service delivery planning to promote the effective use of information and communication technologies in improving accessibility and quality of general practice care.
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M., Masoud, Okoth P. G., and Were M. E. "The Contribution of National Fisheries Policy Implementation to Economic Security Management between Kenya and Uganda." Sumerianz Journal of Social Science, no. 53 (August 17, 2022): 39–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.47752/sjss.53.39.51.
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The global agenda for natural resource management espouses the principle that disputes between riparian states are resolved in a peaceful manner. The management of economic security on Lake Victoria transboundary disputes between Kenya-Uganda which are about resources within the maritime zone has been negatively affected by transboundary dispute since resolutions on the same do not focus on the economic security aspect. This paper evaluates the contribution of national fisheries policy implementation to economic security management between Kenya and Uganda. Structural-functionalist, social conflict and John Burton’s conflict resolution theory guided the study. The study employed descriptive research design while purposive and simple random sampling techniques were used to determine samples. Philosophically, the study contributed towards a better understanding of the transboundary disputes and their management as well as forming a basis for future research. Study findings indicated that statutory instruments regulate fishing operations or the conduct of fishing as public revenues of both Kenya and Uganda on Lake Victoria. The study recommends a robust reform in the national policies on fishery by both Kenya and Uganda to militate against the Lake Victoria transboundary dispute and bolster economic security management. The statutory instruments for fishing should be revised to provide an enabling fishing environment for fishers and fish traders.
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Anderson, Ian, Harriet Young, Milica Markovic, and Lenore Manderson. "Koori Primary Health Care in Victoria: Developments in Service Planning." Australian Journal of Primary Health 6, no. 4 (2000): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py00031.
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The Alma Ata 1978 Declaration on primary health care has conventionally been applied in developing countries, where medically trained personnel and other highly skilled health professionals and medical infrastructure are limited. Although such concepts have salience in relatively resource rich countries such as Australia, it is in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health policy that they have become pivotal. A growing national focus on the development of Aboriginal primary health care capacity followed the release of the National Aboriginal Health Strategy (NAHS) in 1989 (Anderson, 1997). This focus consolidated further, following the evaluation of the National Aboriginal Health Strategy implementation in 1994 which preceded the transfer of administrative responsibility for the Commonwealth Aboriginal health program from the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Commission (ATSIC) to the Commonwealth Health portfolio (DHFS, 1994). Within the strategic framework provided by federal state agreements, the development of primary health care services is a priority. In the current national policy framework domains of policy and strategy development have been identified as key developmental themes.
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Aitken, Campbell, and Cheryl Delalande. "A Public Health Initiative for Steroid Users in Victoria." Australian Journal of Primary Health 8, no. 2 (2002): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py02022.
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Anabolic steroid injectors are at risk of infection with blood-borne viruses (BBVs), but have received little attention from researchers, practitioners or agencies working in public health. In recognition of this gap, in early 1996 the Steroid Peer Education Project (SPEP) began providing part-time mobile needle and syringe distribution and health information and referral services to steroid injectors in north-eastern Melbourne. Demand repeatedly caused the project to expand, and its sole peer worker now operates Victoria-wide, five days per week. Basic information on injecting practices collected from SPEP clients showed that many were at risk of BBV infection. This led to the initiation of a collaborative research project, in which SPEP clients were tested for BBV antibodies and provided detailed information about their risk behaviours. Of 29 steroid injectors tested between May and August 1999, three (10%) had antibodies to the hepatitis C virus, and they described behaviour which could spread the virus to other steroid users. These results show that blood-borne viruses are present in the Victorian steroid injecting community, and reinforce the SPEP's commitment to reducing harm in this group.
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Winter, I., and T. Brooke. "Urban Planning and the Entrepreneurial State: The View from Victoria, Australia." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 11, no. 3 (September 1993): 263–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c110263.
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It is argued that the state in Victoria, Australia, has pursued five key trends in urban planning throughout the 1980s: Privatisation, liberalisation, subsidisation, commercialisation, and elitism. These trends are a response to conditions wrought by global economic restructuring, the dominance of economic fundamentalism as a political discourse in Australia, the institutional structure of federal–State government financial relations, and a resultant perception of fiscal crisis. These developments in urban planning have resulted in financial costs and a loss of democratic accountability to the Victorian community.
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Teshuva, Karen, Heather Russell, and Laura Varanelli. "The Victorian Aged Care Assessment Service quality improvement framework." Australian Journal of Primary Health 14, no. 2 (2008): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py08026.
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The purpose of this paper is to describe the development and evaluation of the Victorian Aged Care Assessment Service (ACAS) quality improvement framework. The framework was developed in 2001 by a reference group consisting of ACAS managers and government officers, to enable ACAS to engage in a quality improvement process specific to its core areas of business. The framework comprises seven core business domains which are used by the ACAS for annual quality improvement planning and reporting. Using the qualitative methodology of thematic analysis, the ACAS Evaluation Unit has examined annual quality improvement reports submitted by the 18 Victorian ACAS teams from 2002-03 to 2006-07. The findings were used to revise the framework and the ACAS quality improvement reporting template. The number and range of ACAS-related quality improvement activities carried out in Victoria since the implementation of the framework demonstrates its effectiveness as a mechanism for capturing and centrally recording quality improvement activities in areas of core ACAS business. The paper concludes that the Victorian QI framework could be drawn on to develop a quality improvement framework for the Aged Care Assessment Program nationwide.
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Ansari, M. Z., D. Simmon s, W. G. Hart, F. Cicuttin i, N. J. Carson, N. I. A. G. Brand, M. J. Ackland, and D. J. Lang. "Preventable Hospitalisations for Diabetic Complications in Rural and Urban Victoria." Australian Journal of Primary Health 6, no. 4 (2000): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py00060.
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The objective of the study was to describe and explain variations in rates of hospital admissions for long-term complications of diabetes mellitus in rural and urban Victoria as an indicator of the adequacy of ambulatory care services. The Victorian Inpatient Minimum Database (VIMD), Health Insurance Commission data for 1998, Medical Labour Force Annual Survey 1998, Socioeconomic Indexes for Areas 1996 (SEIFA) and Accessibility/Remoteness Index of Australia (ARIA) were merged to determine the extent to which hospitalisation for complications of diabetes can be predicted from accessibility and utilisation of general practitioner services. The rural and urban differentials for long-term diabetic complications and their strong relationship with GP services, the degree of remoteness, lack of insurance, and Aboriginality reflect issues related to equity and access, patient and GP education, and inclination to seek care, all of which have implications for planning of primary health services in rural areas. This study describes a model for the analysis of ambulatory care sensitive conditions, and illustrates the important use of routine databases combined with other sources of information in quantifying the impact of factors related to primary care services.
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Hagai, M. "An Investigation of Kagera River Basin Land Cover Dynamics for Sustainability of Lake Victoria Water Regime." Journal of Sustainable Development 12, no. 4 (July 30, 2019): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v12n4p166.
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This paper is reporting on an investigation done to assess land cover dynamics in KRB(Kagera River Basin) (KRB) over a period of 21 years i.e.1990-2011 using Remote Sensing, Hydrology and GIS techniques as a basis for initiating policy interventions for sustainability of Lake Victoria water regime.The extent of land cover changes in the KRB have not been quantified with the view of assessing the extent of exploitation of the natural resources.The assessment is important firstly for identification of causative factors and secondly as a mechanism for formulating necessary policies and remedial measures to that effect.Specifically, Landsat 5, Landsat 7 and ETM+ (2000) satellite images were used.Eight Land Cover classes were identified namely, Forests, Woodland, Bushland, Cultivated Land, Swamps, Grassland, Bareland and Urban areas.Hydrographical data were used to assess changes in quantity of water flowing from the KRB into Lake Victoria and relating it with land cover changes in KRB at in the period of study. Spatial data processing, analysis and interpretation were carried out in ERDAS Imagine and ArcGIS software environments; while water quantity data and other non spatial data were processed and analyzed in Microsoft Excel application 2007.
The study revealed a significant decline of vegetation cover and water quantity discharged from Kagera River to Lake Victoria over the study period. This contravenes the global efforts of ecological sustainability, which urge avoidance of depletion of natural resources for maintenance for ecological balance. These results are in early warning to the Management of Lake Victoria for its potential failure towards achieving the Millennium Development Goal on responsible consumption and protection of natural resources in proximity with Lake Victoria. The Management of Lake Victoria in collaboration with other relevant authorities should thus, take remedial measures to control further depletion of vegetation cover in KRB for sustainability of Lake Victoria and its ecosystem.
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J. Mayhew-Rankcom, Vanessa, Melissa A. Lindeman, Keith D. Hill, and Robyn A. Smith. "Who Should Get Personal Alarms? The Development of Instruments for the Assessment of Need." Australian Journal of Primary Health 7, no. 3 (2001): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py01047.
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Personal alarms or Personal Response Systems (PRSs) are electronic systems designed to enable frail older people and people with disabilities living at home to summon help in an emergency. The demand for government subsidised PRSs in Victoria (called Personal Alert Victoria) currently exceeds supply (Department of Human Services, 1998) but until now there has been no consistently applied method to ensure that those at highest risk had access to the service. Instruments to aid assessment and determining relative priority for receiving a PRS were developed for the Victorian Department of Human Services (DHS). The development of the instruments was largely informed by the published literature on PRSs and falls risk factors. Three major areas were identified as important in assessing for relative priority to receive a PRS: the client?s assessed risk of being involved in a critical incident requiring immediate assistance, such as a fall; the availability of alternative means of accessing immediate assistance; and the expected impact that a PRS would have on the client?s and/or carer?s wellbeing and their ability to engage in important activities. The process for selecting the items used to determine need in each of these key areas is described, as is the recommended method for determining relative priority. The process for assessing clients to receive a PRS is outlined, emphasising that a PRS is one potential service outcome of an assessment of need.
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McCoppin, Brigid, and Christine Birrell. "Primary Health Care Under Pressure: A Case Study of Amalgamation in Victoria." Australian Journal of Primary Health 2, no. 3 (1996): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py96040.
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Amalgamation of community health centres has become a fairly common response to Victorian government changes in primary health care policy (both Labor and Coalition). This is a study of one such amalgamation and of its effects. The amalgamation brought staff and management many difficulties of adjustment, but it has produced a larger organisation which, while it has some residual problems, appears well fitted to withstand the pressure of today's policy directions and to meet future demands.
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Burch, Hayden, and Forbes McGain. "Victorian public healthcare Chief Executive Officers' views on renewable energy supply." Australian Health Review 45, no. 1 (2021): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah20248.
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ObjectiveIdentify the views of healthcare leaders towards public healthcare’s carbon footprint; the importance or not of healthcare energy supply and sources and; the perceived key barriers for Victorian health care to show leadership on renewable energy sources and supply. MethodsSelf-administered questionnaire (10 Likert scale, two open-ended questions) among 24 Victorian Health Chief Executive Officers (CEOs). Responses were anonymous. Descriptive analysis was conducted. ResultsOverall, 13/24 (54%) of CEOs responded. A majority (11/13) agreed that climate change is causing real and accelerating harm to health and the environment, with impacts on patients, staff and services a current issue. One hundred percent (13/13) saw leadership by the public healthcare sector on environmental sustainability as an important responsibility (strongly agreed, 9/13 (69%); agreed, 4/13 (31%)), with most CEOs supporting their institution increasing the amount of renewable electricity supply over-and-above grid levels (strongly agreed, 3/13 (23%); agreed, 9/13 (69%)). However, support for renewable electricity was, for the most part, aspirational and not perceived as a current priority. The key perceived barriers to increasing renewable electricity supply were Health Purchasing Victoria contract and financial constraints. ConclusionsHealth care itself has a carbon footprint. Public healthcare CEOs are supportive of their institutions increasing use of renewable electricity supply, yet perceived barriers regarding inflexible and poorly transparent purchasing contracts and financial cost exist. What is known about the topic?Australian health care contributes ~7 percent to Australia’s total carbon emissions, with hospital energy consumption (coal-generated electricity and natural/fossil gas) a large majority. An executive level champion is a consistent factor across health services that are taking the lead on environmental sustainability. What does this paper add?Our research is original in understanding the views of Victorian public healthcare CEOs on climate change, renewable energy supply and key barriers to increasing uptake. A majority of public healthcare CEOs see energy choices as an important issue for their patients, staff and institution, and that greater leadership should be shown by health care in light of the urgency required to address greenhouse gas emissions. However, support for renewable electricity was, for the most part, aspirational, with specific barriers identified across the healthcare network. What are the implications for practitioners?This research provides information that can inform a pathway to healthcare decarbonisation via sector-wide action.
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J. Mann, Leona. "Integrated Assessment: A Rural Model in Practice." Australian Journal of Primary Health 7, no. 1 (2001): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py01018.
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Integrated assessment in Victoria, Australia is held to be a new and innovative process, but in Gippsland, Victoria, integrated assessment has been a reality for the past four years. The purpose of this paper is to identify the elements of integrated assessment in a rural setting. The research has found that identifying the components of such a model was a key factor in achieving the ideals of integrated assessment. The paper suggests that integrated assessment may be more easily achieved in rural areas than its metropolitan counterparts.
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Campbell, Lachlan. "Wimmera River (Victoria, Australia) – Increasing Use of a Diminishing Resource." Water Science and Technology 21, no. 2 (February 1, 1989): 245–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1989.0058.
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The Wimmera River is central western Victoria's most important river, rising in the Grampians National Park, filling storages that supply the major water supply to the vast Wimmera and Mallee regions. It passes through the Little Desert National Park, an area of significant scenic, recreation, historical and conservation value and terminates in Victoria's largest inland freshwater lakes (Lakes Hindmarsh and Albacutya). The brittleness of the whole closed Wimmera River system, and the over committal of the water resources was brought to the public's attention when appeals were lodged against the proposal to licence a discharge of high standard secondary effluent from an extended aeration oxidation ditch and lagoon treatment facility at Horsham. Residents, user and community groups, Municipal Councils and Government Departments, aware of the deterioration of the Wimmera River had somewhere to focus their attention. Victoria's and possibly Australia's longest environmental appeal, lasting twenty-five days, and a State Environment Protection Policy, determined that all major point sources of nutrients should be removed from the River. More resources for clearing of unwanted emergent weeds, more facilities for protection of Crown Land and catchments generally, and the implementation of environmental summer flows as piping of the Wimmera-Mallee Stock and Domestic System proceeds, are all required. A River Management Board with strength, wealth, good public relations and a dedication to the task could make the Wimmera River an example for all Australia and a tourist attraction of immense value to the region.
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Werdiningtyas, Ratri, Yongping Wei, and Andrew W. Western. "The evolution of policy instruments used in water, land and environmental governances in Victoria, Australia from 1860–2016." Environmental Science & Policy 112 (October 2020): 348–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2020.06.012.
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Bensberg, Monica. "Infrastructure and Organisational Development: A Regional Approach to Health Promotion." Australian Journal of Primary Health 6, no. 1 (2000): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py00007.
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This paper describes existing health promotion systems in Victoria and explains how infrastructure can be strengthened to influence the delivery of local health promotion action. The Victorian State Government has invested in regional support to facilitate the development and coordination of health promotion at a local level. To achieve this the Regional Infrastructure for Improving Health Promotion (RIIHP) model was developed, providing a framework for strategic action. The model draws upon organisational change theory and capacity building methods to highlight the necessary infrastructure for sustainable health promotion efforts. Forty five local health promotion practitioners, managers, academics, and Department program advisers were interviewed and asked what they thought supported or influenced health promotion. The responses from interviews were combined to develop the RIIHP model. The RIIHP model provides a framework for planning infrastructure improvements. This model is relevant to agencies, regions and state departments who want to succeed in establishing coordinated and effective health promotion systems.
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McDonald, Paul. "From Streets to Sidewalks: Developments in Primary Care Services for Injecting Drug Users." Australian Journal of Primary Health 8, no. 1 (2002): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py02010.
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Primary Health Care for the Injecting Drug User (IDU) has been established in Victoria in recognition of the serious health needs of IDUs, which require a relevant and effective response. Research shows the medical consequences that flow from drug abuse, ranging from the onset of blood borne viruses to cardiovascular conditions, and the propensity of drug users to access health services only through accident and emergency areas of hospitals. In 1999, the Victorian government announced the funding of five Local Drug Strategies in five of Melbourne's 'hotspot' street drug areas to address both the needs of users and communities in relation to substance abuse. This funding was an impetus to establish and trial the concept of primary health services, combining both a fixed site and a mobile outreach service. These services are designed to meet the primary health needs of street-based injecting drug users who are at high risk of experiencing overdose or other forms of drug-related harm.
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Walker, Rae, Vivian Blacker, Linda Pandita, Jacky Close, Wendy Mason, and Julie Watson. "Learning from the implementation of inter-organisational web-based care planning and coordination." Australian Journal of Primary Health 19, no. 4 (2013): 297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py13023.
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In Victoria, despite strong policy support, e-care planning and coordination is poorly developed. The action research project discussed here was developed to overcome organisational and worker-level barriers to change. The project outcomes highlighted the need for work on the building blocks of e-care coordination that enhance workers’ knowledge and skills, and provide permission and support for appropriate collaborative system and services coordination practices.
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Yaping nad Pauline Stanton, Dong. "Evaluation of the health services management training course of Jiangsu, China." Australian Health Review 25, no. 3 (2002): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah020161.
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Health service management education programs emerged in the early 1980s in China as a result of changing demands on health service managers created by new directions in health policy. This paper reports on an evaluation of the Jiangsu-Victoria Health Management Training Program and discusses five of the main findings. Participants in the study believed that the Program has impacted positively on the health management practice of Jiangsu Province, and has made a significant contribution to health services management education in China. However, certain areas in teaching practice need to be improved and participants in the study provided suggestions to achieve this. The study also found that there were limitations to the impact of managerial education due to administrative and environmental factors.
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Lim, Allan E. K., Anthony Perkins, and John W. M. Agar. "The carbon footprint of an Australian satellite haemodialysis unit." Australian Health Review 37, no. 3 (2013): 369. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah13022.
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Objectives. This study aimed to better understand the carbon emission impact of haemodialysis (HD) throughout Australia by determining its carbon footprint, the relative contributions of various sectors to this footprint, and how contributions from electricity and water consumption are affected by local factors. Methods. Activity data associated with HD provision at a 6-chair suburban satellite HD unit in Victoria in 2011 was collected and converted to a common measurement unit of tonnes of CO2 equivalents (t CO2-eq) via established emissions factors. For electricity and water consumption, emissions factors for other Australian locations were applied to assess the impact of local factors on these footprint contributors. Results. In Victoria, the annual per-patient carbon footprint of satellite HD was calculated to be 10.2 t CO2-eq. The largest contributors were pharmaceuticals (35.7%) and medical equipment (23.4%). Throughout Australia, the emissions percentage attributable to electricity consumption ranged from 5.2% to 18.6%, while the emissions percentage attributable to water use ranged from 4.0% to 11.6%. Conclusions. State-by-state contributions of energy and water use to the carbon footprint of satellite HD appear to vary significantly. Performing emissions planning and target setting at the state level may be more appropriate in the Australian context. What is known about the topic? Healthcare provision carries a significant environmental footprint. In particular, conventional HD uses substantial amounts of electricity and water. In the UK, provision of HD and peritoneal dialysis was found to have an annual per-patient carbon footprint of 7.1 t CO2-eq. What does this paper add? This is the first carbon-footprinting study of HD in Australia. In Victoria, the annual per-patient carbon footprint of satellite conventional HD is 10.2 t CO2-eq. Notably, the contributions of electricity and water consumption to the carbon footprint varies significantly throughout Australia when local factors are taken into account. What are the implications for practitioners? We recommend that healthcare providers consider local factors when planning emissions reduction strategies, and target setting should be performed at the state, as opposed to national, level. There is a need for more comprehensive and current emissions data to enable healthcare providers to do so.
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Bok, Melanie, Scott Chidgey, and Peter Crockett. "Five years on: monitoring of Long Island Point’s Western Port wastewater discharge." APPEA Journal 57, no. 1 (2017): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj16193.
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The Esso Long Island Point facility is situated on the edge of Western Port, an important Ramsar designated wetland for migratory birds in Victoria, Australia. The gas fractionation and crude oil storage facility has operated for over 40 years and has discharged treated wastewater to Western Port for most of these years in accordance with its environmental regulatory licence. The 2003 State Environment Protection Policy for Waters of Western Port is the Victorian Environment Protection Authority’s regulatory framework for licensing wastewater discharges to the wetland, and among other items, requires that discharges must cause no ‘detrimental change in the environmental quality of the receiving waters’ or ‘chronic impacts outside any declared mixing zone’. A major upgrade to the water treatment facility in 2010 included a risk-based marine ecosystem program to monitor key environmental indicators including water quality, jetty pile invertebrate communities and seagrass condition. The program’s longer-term monitoring record has allowed assessment of potential chronic effects on invertebrates and seagrass by comparing temporal changes at monitoring sites over the period from pre-operations (2010) to present (2016) and spatial changes between near-field to far-field sites, kilometres from the discharge point. The program has shown that management of the discharge maintains beneficial uses and environmental objectives at the boundary of the mixing zone, and the marine ecosystem is protected from potentially slower and longer-term adverse effects in the far-field. The program demonstrates that the treated wastewater discharge has had no adverse impact on key environmental indicators in Western Port over the longer-term study period.
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Bennett, Noleen J., Ann L. Bull, David R. Dunt, Lyle C. Gurrin, Denis W. Spelman, Philip L. Russo, and Michael J. Richards. "MRSA infections in smaller hospitals, Victoria, Australia." American Journal of Infection Control 35, no. 10 (December 2007): 697–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2006.12.011.
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Cooper, Genevieve. "Hospital in the Home in Victoria: Factors Influencing Allocation Decisions." Australian Journal of Primary Health 5, no. 1 (1999): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py99007.
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There is a question surrounding the funding of Hospital in the Home (HITH) as to whether the allocation policy was driven by customer service preference or was largely a financial imperative. HITH has the capacity to increase the throughput and therefore the efficiency of acute care facilities which is attractive to Government and Health Service Managers. There is insufficient evidence to indicate that this is true in all circumstances. Hospital in the Home is a desirable and safe option for some clients. Hospital in the Home has the potential to provide a more cost effective mode of delivery of acute care than hospital facilities. However, there is a need for identification of which clients, with which conditions and care needs, will benefit from being part of a HITH program in emotional, health and financial terms. Health professionals are still grappling with the impact that HITH has on their roles and relationships with other health care providers. More qualitative and quantitative research needs to be undertaken to identify the best models of HITH in both organisational and financial tems, and its impact on the wellbeing of clients and carers.
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Ikingura, J. R., H. Akagi, J. Mujumba, and C. Messo. "Environmental assessment of mercury dispersion, transformation and bioavailability in the Lake Victoria Goldfields, Tanzania." Journal of Environmental Management 81, no. 2 (October 2006): 167–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2005.09.026.
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Muli, Jones R. "Spatial variation of benthic macroinvertebrates and the environmental factors influencing their distribution in Lake Victoria, Kenya." Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management 8, no. 2 (April 2005): 147–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14634980590953680.
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Ghanem, Ali, and Ruwini Edirisinghe. "The Disparity in Greenspace Quality Between Low and High SES Settings: A Case Study in Victoria." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1101, no. 5 (November 1, 2022): 052032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1101/5/052032.
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Abstract The presence of greenspace, its profound impact and association with physical and mental health, biodiversity, and aesthetical pleasure has been delineated abundantly. Contrarily, there is a concerning disparity in the accessibility and proximity between affluent and deprived areas in urbanised localities. Existing literature prioritised distribution and proximity domains when assessing inequitable greenspace and consequently has catalysed a research gap in greenspace quality domains. This paper endeavours to fill this gap through a case study in Melbourne, Australia using a quantitative method to extract findings and policy analysis to generate recommendations. Socioeconomic data from deprivation indexes systematically defined low and high SES (socioeconomic status). A GIS (Geographical Information System) observation of greenspaces scored spaces according to a scoring criterion contingent on safety/security, environmental elements, accessibility, maintenance/cleanliness, facilities/amenities, and aesthetic facets. Statistics were then synthesised to produce a Cohen effect score highlighting disparities in each facet between the two contrasting SES groups. Findings affirmed an existent disparity between the high and low SES spaces and contributed to existing strands of literature surrounding unjust quality distribution. Ultimately, findings will serve as invaluable evidence regarding policy implications, current opportunities under the ‘Plan Melbourne’ policy, and the need to facilitate intervention in those underprivileged settings.
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Thornton, Katherine, Susan Webster, and Meredith Temple-Smith. "Is immunisation for children and young people in statutory care in Victoria 'all too hard'? A qualitative study with health professionals." Australian Journal of Primary Health 25, no. 2 (2019): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py18096.
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This formative study aimed to identify health professionals’ perspectives on vaccination issues among children in statutory out-of-home care in Victoria. Eight health professionals, drawn from a purposive Victorian sample known to be proactive in addressing the vaccination needs of children in out-of-home care, took part in semi-structured interviews. Questions addressed participants’ views about roles and responsibilities, barriers and enabling factors affecting vaccination, and ideas about systems improvements. Interview transcripts were analysed thematically. The main themes that emerged were health professionals’ observations about vaccine hesitancy among significant adults in the out-of-home care sector, the paucity of child medical history information available and diffuse responsibility for the provision of legal consent to vaccination. More accurate immunisation status monitoring appears warranted for children in out-of-home care. Unless the collection and maintenance of child medical records improves and vaccination consent processes are streamlined, health professionals will be limited in their capacity to provide efficient vaccination services to these children. Research on vaccine hesitancy among staff and carers in the statutory care sector may be of value. This study supports other Australian research that indicates these children may require more targeted, inter-sectoral immunisation approaches.
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Farquharson, R. J., J. W. Freebairn, J. A. Webb, M. J. Stewardson, and T. Ramilan. "An Economic Framework for Sharing Water Within a River Catchment." Water Economics and Policy 03, no. 03 (December 22, 2016): 1650039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2382624x16500399.
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A framework for sharing a limited quantity, but also a variable quantity, of water between irrigation and the environment to maximize social wellbeing is developed and illustrated. The optimal water allocation equates the marginal social value of water across different uses. A simplified illustration allocates water from the Goulburn River in northern Victoria, Australia, between environmental water to increase numbers of Golden Perch (GP) fish stocks and irrigation demand for water for dairy farmers. The value of water for GP is developed using a combination of fish numbers as an ecological response function of water and Choice Model estimates of willingness to pay by Victorian households for improved fish stocks. Irrigation demand for water by dairy farmers is developed using a Linear Programming study. The complex ecological response functions require a numerical search model to evaluate the socially efficient allocation of water between the different uses. The shadow price of water as optimally allocated between the environmental and agricultural uses is developed as seasonal water availability varies. Further development of the framework could include identifying dependencies within the ecological responses and incorporating multiple ecological and agricultural responses in an expanded model. The policy implications include information on the socially efficient allocation of limited water between irrigation and the environment and the value of water when shared optimally between uses.
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Donaldson, Anne. "A Men?s Night Out." Australian Journal of Primary Health 2, no. 1 (1996): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py96017.
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A Men's Night Out' was conducted in Charlton, an isolated rural town in Northern Victoria. A community health nurse from the Inglewood and District Community Health Centre planned and presented the program in August 1993.