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Journal articles on the topic 'Environmental policy – Europe, Eastern'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 March 2023

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1

Jolanta Welfens, Maria. "New options for environmental policy in central and eastern Europe." International Journal of Social Economics 26, no. 7/8/9 (July 1999): 945–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03068299910245688.

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2

Christie, Ian. "Cleaning up a continent: Environmental policy in Eastern and Western Europe." Policy Studies 9, no. 1 (July 1988): 16–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01442878808423508.

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3

Bartke, István, and László Lackó. "FURTHER CONSIDERATIONS ABOUT REGIONAL POLICY IN EASTERN EUROPE." Papers in Regional Science 60, no. 1 (January 14, 2005): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1435-5597.1986.tb01016.x.

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4

Lidstone, John. "Geographical and Environmental Education in South-eastern Europe." International Research in Geographical and Environmental Education 13, no. 1 (May 15, 2004): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10382040408668792.

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5

Green, David. "Restoring Cursed Earth – Appraising Environmental Policy Reforms in Eastern Europe and Russia." International Journal of Environmental Studies 67, no. 3 (June 2010): 460–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207230601124815.

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6

Goldman, Marshall I. "New Journal on Environmental Policy in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe." Environmental Conservation 15, no. 3 (1988): 272–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892900029477.

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7

Wassersug, S. R. "Risk Assessment and International Policy Perspectives on Chemical and Waste Management Activities." Water Science and Technology 25, no. 3 (February 1, 1992): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0071.

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Waste management practices for industry were compared for the United States, Western Europe, and the newly emerging democracies of Central and Eastern Europe. The developing policies and requirements for sound practices are analyzed as a function of perceived risks, history and cultural values of the geographic areas. Identification of the problems and merits is given in approaches for waste transportation, siting of new waste facilities, and prevention of chemical releases. Focus is given to strong ethical practices and integrated risk management. For the Central and Eastern Europe Region their unique problems and potential solutions are explored. Technology transfer solutions and other opportunities provided by the Regional Environmental Center in Hungary should benefit that region.

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8

FARROW, SCOTT. "The duality of taxes and tradable permits: A survey with applications in Central and Eastern Europe." Environment and Development Economics 4, no. 4 (October 1999): 519–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x99000315.

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Economic instruments such as taxes and tradable permits have been promoted as efficiency improving policies in the transition economies of Central and Eastern Europe and elsewhere. The little noticed potential for a symmetric equity impact from the two instruments in a world without distortions is first discussed. A specific policy option is suggested in which existing environmental taxes in Central and Eastern Europe can be increased without imposing additional financial burdens in industry if appropriate tax credits are provided. Second, conditions in Central and Eastern Europe are identified that reduce the change of efficiency losses in a general equilibrium setting when distortions exist. The trade-off between efficiency and equity in such a setting is found to depend on country-specific parameters and to be reduced if: (1) a cost-effective policy is implemented, (2) environmental assets can be distributed prior to privatization, and (3) government expenditures can decline.

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9

Schwager, Stefan. "Book Review: Transnational Politics of the Environment: The European Union and Environmental Policy in Central and Eastern Europe, Restoring Cursed Earth: Appraising Environmental Policy Reforms in Eastern Europe and Russia." Journal of Environment & Development 13, no. 4 (December 2004): 438–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1070496504271816.

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10

Costi, Alberto. "Environmental justice and sustainable development in Central and Eastern Europe." European Environment 8, no. 4 (July 1998): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-0976(199807/08)8:4<107::aid-eet162>3.0.co;2-u.

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11

Bachtler, John, and Ruth Downes. "The Spatial Coverage of Regional Policy in Central and Eastern Europe." European Urban and Regional Studies 7, no. 2 (April 2000): 159–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096977640000700205.

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12

Slocock, Brian. "The paradoxes of environmental policy in Eastern Europe: The dynamics of policy‐making in the Czech republic." Environmental Politics 5, no. 3 (September 1996): 501–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09644019608414284.

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13

Bitkova, T. "Romania’s Interests in South-Eastern Europe and Cooperation with Turkey." Analysis and Forecasting. IMEMO Journal, no. 3 (2022): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/afij-2022-3-57-68.

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The article deals with Romania’s foreign policy vectors in South-Eastern Europe regarding its membership in NATO and in the European Union. It is noted that the main foreign policy vector of Bucharest in the region is an alignment with the Republic of Moldova and a prospect of these two states uniting. The role of Romania is presented in a platform for negotiations which is the South-Eastern European Cooperation Process (SEECP), in the Three Seas Initiative, the Bucharest Nine Initiative and in the Romania –Poland– Turkey trilateral dialogue. The place of the Black Sea region in ambitions of the Romanian leadership and its significance in a strategic partnership between Romania and the Republic of Turkey are revealed. The author notes that the Balkans are not a priority vector of Romanian foreign policy, but the Western Balkan states are always present in Bucharest’s objects of attention, since here, as well as in the Black Sea region, global players are present, including Russia, a country Romania’s relations with has been in a critical condition for many years. In regards to the Romania’s relations with the Western Balkan countries, cooperation between Romania and Serbia stands out. Despite the pressure from Brussels, Romania supports Serbia in not wanting to tolerate the self-declared independence of Kosovo. Different approaches to policies of the Russian Federation are the reason behind the inconsistencies in the Romanian-Serbian relations. Romania does not possess enough recourses to lead an independent activity in the Balkans region and it mainly integrates in the policy of the European Union and the USA. Turkey pursues a policy of increasing its influence in the Balkans, with the cultural strategy of reconstruction of the Turkic world being one of the evident manifestations of the policy. The Romanian leadership abstains from any comment on this topic. Having not the same weight in world politics, Romania and Turkey на декларативном уровне demonstrate complete trust in one another and mutual understanding on a declarative level, but, according to the analysis of foreign policy platforms and partners’ particular political acts, their relations develop in the context of varying and sometimes even opposite approaches to a list of crucial international events.

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14

Smith, Mark Griffin, Carlo De March, and Ari Jolma. "Paddling Enforceable Approaches Upstream to EU Standards: Water Quality Management and Policy Implementation in Central and Eastern Europe." Water Science and Technology 40, no. 10 (November 1, 1999): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0504.

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Rivers in Central and Eastern Europe are highly polluted as a result of over-industrialization, resource intensive production processes and lax environmental enforcement. At the beginning of the economic transition, great optimism abounded within the region that environmental problems would be dealt with early and that the West would offer significant financial help. It is now clear that achieving significant improvement in environmental quality will require many years and will be largely financed from internal resources. Moreover, the region's goal of joining the European Union dominates the environmental policy agenda. Drawing upon the results of a three year study conducted at the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), cost-effective strategies for eventually achieving this goal are identified. The paper discusses recommendations for implementing these strategies within the evolving political and economic environment of Central and Eastern Europe.

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15

JAHN, DETLEF, and FERDINAND MÜLLER-ROMMEL. "Political Institutions and Policy Performance: A Comparative Analysis of Central and Eastern Europe." Journal of Public Policy 30, no. 1 (February 25, 2010): 23–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143814x09990250.

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AbstractThe impact of political institutions on policy performance has been a major research question in studies of advanced democracies. This study analyzes the effects of institutions and political actors on economic, social and environmental policies in ten Central Eastern European countries from 1995 to 2004. Using time-series-cross section (TSCS) regression analysis, this study shows that the impact of institutional veto players on policy output is more significant than international pressure. Moreover, the communist legacy has a much higher effect on policy output than expected.

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16

Dusik, Jiri, and Barry Sadler. "Reforming strategic environmental assessment systems: lessons from Central and Eastern Europe." Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal 22, no. 2 (June 2004): 89–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3152/147154604781766003.

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17

Goldenman, Gretta. "Environmental Barriers to Foreign Investment in Eastern Europe: Myths and Mistakes." Review of European Community and International Environmental Law 2, no. 1 (March 1993): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9388.1993.tb00083.x.

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18

Turnock, David. "The Role of NGOs in Environmental Education in South-eastern Europe." International Research in Geographical and Environmental Education 13, no. 1 (May 15, 2004): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10382040408668800.

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19

Auer, Matthew R., Rafael Reuveny, and Lisa Adler. "Environmental Liability and Foreign Direct Investment in Central and Eastern Europe." Journal of Environment & Development 10, no. 1 (March 2001): 5–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107049650101000102.

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20

Szelenyi, Ivan. "Housing policy in the emergent socialist mixed economy of Eastern Europe." Housing Studies 4, no. 3 (July 1989): 167–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02673038908720657.

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21

Selin, Henrik. "EU enlargement and the environment: Institutional change and environmental policy in Central and Eastern Europe." Ecological Economics 61, no. 1 (February 2007): 195–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2006.03.024.

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22

Francis, Patrick. "Financing Environmental Protection in Economies in Transition: The Role of Environmental Funds." Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 27, no. 3 (June 2000): 365–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/b2663.

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Most countries with economies in transition in Central and Eastern Europe and the New Independent States of the former Soviet Union use earmarked, environmental funds to channel subsidised finance for environmental protection. In some Central and Eastern European countries in particular, the funds are major financiers of environmental investments. The funds are typically governmental institutions capitalised by various revenue sources, including environmental charges and fines. They generally provide grants or soft loans for a wide range of environmental protection activities. Although a number of circumstances in economies in transition may justify the provision of subsidised finance for environmental investments, and though funds have been endorsed as potentially effective transitional mechanisms, a number of concerns remain as regards their role vis-à-vis other environmental policy tools, their effectiveness and efficiency, and their impact on the development of more market-based financing mechanisms. In this paper I will review development trends among the funds, examine issues critical to their role and operation, and identify institutional strengthening needs.

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23

Peetermans, Katy. "Transforming Police in central and Eastern Europe." Military Law and the Law of War Review 45, no. 3-4 (December 2006): 466–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/mllwr.2006.3-4.20.

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24

Baumgartl, Bernd. "“Only” a guideline: The environmental action program for Central and Eastern Europe." Environmental Impact Assessment Review 14, no. 2-3 (March 1994): 147–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0195-9255(94)90031-0.

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25

Cox, R. H. "Creating Welfare States in Czechoslovakia and Hungary: Why Policymakers Borrow Ideas from the West." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 11, no. 3 (September 1993): 349–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c110349.

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Political change in Eastern Europe meant that a policy reform was soon to follow. The initial expectation was that reform would stem from efforts to emulate the Western democratic countries, and that policymakers in Eastern Europe would borrow from the West. In this study it was found that in Czechoslovakia policymakers were attempting to borrow policies primarily from Britain and Sweden, whereas in Hungary the primary models were Germany and Austria. An explanation for this difference is that historical similarities in social-policy development structured the choice of countries, suggesting that historical trends have persisted despite the long period of Communist rule.

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26

Somlyody, L. "Quo vadis water quality management in central and eastern Europe?" Water Science and Technology 30, no. 5 (September 1, 1994): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1994.0219.

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Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries are going through unique political, economic, institutional, and social changes associated with the heritage of serious pollution problems from the past. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the water quality management strategies CEE countries may take including the rationale of introducing Western policies in the short run. The policy to be selected must be viable under the existing pressing financial conditions and should feasibly be expanded towards a long-term sustainable scenario as economy improves. As a basis the present economic, social, and institutional setting is outlined, and the state of water quality and the role of emissions of various origins are summarized. A special focus is devoted to municipalities with low and unbalanced levels of infrastructure; the development of these infrastructures could be aburden even for stable economies. An overview and evaluation are given for the water supply, sewerage, and wastewater treatment for urban areas with populations greater than 25,000 in five countries of the CEE region together with a discussion of legislation issues. Major elements of cost-effective development strategies are discussed and illustrated by examples. They incorporate improved demand management and the closing of material cycles, the upgrading of wastewater treatment facilities to match the level of sewerage, the application of regionally variable effluent (and/or ambient) water quality standards and their gradual tightening based on a river basin approach, the innovative selection of combined chemical-biological technologies (for both upgrading and new design) depending on local conditions and the multi-stage development of wastewater treatment plants. The policy suggested for the next couple of decades is characterized by a number of non-uniformities which raises considerable implementation challenges.

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27

Vindimian, Marianna. "Transnational Politics of the Environment: The European Union and Environmental Policy in Central and Eastern Europe." Journal of International Relations and Development 9, no. 3 (August 14, 2006): 335–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jird.1800096.

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28

Steger, Tamara, and Richard Filcak. "Articulating the Basis for Promoting Environmental Justice in Central and Eastern Europe." Environmental Justice 1, no. 1 (March 2008): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/env.2008.0501.

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29

Timofejevs, Péteris F. "The Environment and Populist Radical Right in Eastern Europe: The Case of National Alliance 2010–2018." Sustainability 12, no. 19 (October 1, 2020): 8092. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12198092.

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Although the literature on populist radical right parties (PRRP) in Western and Eastern Europe has expanded considerably in the last two decades, relatively little is known about the views on nature and the environment of the PRRP in Eastern Europe. This study focuses on the Latvian PRRP “National Alliance” (NA), which has not only been a coalition government partner since 2011, but occupied a ministerial post tasked with environmental policy from 2014 to 2019. This article examines how the NA viewed nature, the environment, and governance for sustainability in the period 2010–2018, and more specifically, whether and to what extent the NA’s vision of nature and the environment was compatible with its sustainable development position. The study employs qualitative content analysis examining the official party literature. The results indicate that the party’s vision embraced the sustainable development position in its declaratory statements on nature and environmental policy. The NA’s views on governance for sustainability demonstrate a strong statist preference, downplaying more participatory approaches, thus departing from the sustainable development governance position.

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30

Clarke, Julia, and E. E. (Liz) Walley. "Saints and sinners: the environmental stance of multinationals in eastern and western Europe." European Environment 8, no. 6 (November 1998): 202–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-0976(199811/12)8:6<202::aid-eet172>3.0.co;2-i.

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31

Szczepańska, Agnieszka, Adam Senetra, and Monika Wasilewicz. "Traffic Noise as a Factor Influencing Apartment Prices in Large Cities." Real Estate Management and Valuation 22, no. 3 (October 1, 2014): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/remav-2014-0025.

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Abstract Environmental factors are among the key determinants of real estate prices. They include landscape attractiveness, land relief, exposure to sunlight and proximity to natural features. In large urban centers, traffic noise emissions significantly affect decision-making on the real estate market. Weakly developed road networks and the absence of ring roads that shift road traffic outside residential districts are a widespread problem in the cities of Central-Eastern Europe. The prevention of traffic noise pollution, one of the key environmental problems in Europe, is an important goal of European Union policy. This paper analyzes the correlations between apartment prices and traffic noise levels in Olsztyn, the capital city of the Warminsko-Mazurskie Voivodeship (province) in north-eastern Poland. A linear correlation analysis was performed, and the distribution of unit prices of apartments was mapped by ordinary kriging.

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32

Golovko, Liudmyla, Olena Uliutina, Iryna Davydovych, and Oksana Ilina. "Legal Regulation of Combating Domestic Violence in Eastern Europe." European Journal of Sustainable Development 10, no. 3 (October 1, 2021): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2021.v10n3p253.

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Considering the increase in the number of cases of domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic, it is relevant to study the practices of combating domestic violence, which have become effective in individual countries. The problem of domestic violence is global and various countries have been working to overcome it for a long time. Eastern European countries, especially the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Poland, have made significant progress in combating domestic violence. Therefore, it is appropriate to study their experience. The article examines state policy, national legislation and best practices for preventing and combating domestic violence in these countries.

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33

Layard, Antonia. "The European Energy Charter Treaty: Tipping the Balance between Energy and the Environment." European Energy and Environmental Law Review 4, Issue 5 (May 1, 1995): 150–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eelr1995033.

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This article examines the environmental implications of the European Energy Charter Treaty together with the Energy Efficiency and Nuclear Protocols. It considers their provisions in light of existing developments in international environmental law and policy. It concludes that as the primary aim of the Treaty was to stimulate trade in the former Soviet Union and Eastern Europe it is unsurprising that the Treaty has relied more on hortatory statements and guidance than on implementing concrete environmental protection measures.

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34

Papadimitriou, Fivos. "Geographical and Environmental Education in South-eastern Europe: Geopolitical Developments and Educational Prospects." International Research in Geographical and Environmental Education 13, no. 1 (May 15, 2004): 56–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10382040408668793.

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35

Balaban, Vladislav. "Environmental decision-making in Central and Eastern Europe: Introduction to the special issue." Environmental Impact Assessment Review 14, no. 2-3 (March 1994): 75–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0195-9255(94)90025-6.

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36

CHERP, ALEG, and ALEXIOS ANTYPAS. "DEALING WITH CONTINUOUS REFORM: TOWARDS ADAPTIVE EA POLICY SYSTEMS IN COUNTRIES IN TRANSITION." Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 05, no. 04 (December 2003): 455–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1464333203001516.

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Environmental assessment (EA) systems in the countries-in-transition (CITs) in Central and Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia have been significantly reformed over the last decade. Considerable research efforts have focused on the degree to which EA in this region conforms to best international practice, functions well and results in environmental and democratic improvements. This article examines the evolution of such research and proposes to expand its agenda and methodology to include a policy-systems approach that would more accurately take account of the complexity of EA systems, especially in the constantly changing and institutionally volatile environment of the CITs.

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37

WILSON, ELIZABETH, and DANA ŠVIHLOVÁ. "DEVELOPING MUNICIPAL CAPACITY FOR EIA IN SLOVAKIA." Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 01, no. 04 (December 1999): 489–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1464333299000363.

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Effective implementation of environmental policy proves difficult in many countries. Even where there is a comprehensive policy framework, the capacity for implementation at the local level may be weak. In some countries of central and eastern Europe, such as Slovakia, local government has acquired new environmental responsibilities, but lacks the capacity for exercising these roles. The Slovakian environmental impact assessment (EIA) law, for example, gives local government a role as a channel for public comment. However, most municipalities lack the technical expertise or political experience to play an effective role in the EIA process. This paper describes a project supported by the UK Know-How Fund with Slovakian partners to develop municipal capacity. It offers a preliminary evaluation of the effectiveness of the programme, and emphasises the need for training in EIA to relate to municipalities' other environmental responsibilities. It draws some conclusions on cross-national learning between local government in central and western Europe.

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38

Clark, T. N. "Local Democracy and Innovation in Eastern Europe." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 11, no. 2 (June 1993): 171–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c110171.

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In this paper, the transition to democracy by Eastern European local governments is outlined. First, the 1990 elections are analyzed, the first democratic elections in half a century. Strategies of candidates and parties to gain power, and pressures toward privatization and economic development are discussed, drawing on fieldwork by Eastern European teams in the Local Democracy and Innovation Project. To clarify future directions of these new democracies, eight options are discussed—reliance on the traditional Soviet model, unions, clientelism, ethnic or regional identification, the church, the populist leader, voluntary associations, and the new political culture. These eight options constitute distinct rules of eight separate games. Rather than a single game or model predominating, continuity in these eight over time is expected. Still, the first games are likely to be superseded by those further down the list.

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39

Kornyliuk, Anna, Alla Ivashchenko, Yevheniia Polishchuk, Oleg Tereshchenko, and Serhii Onikiienko. "Government early policy responses on COVID-19 challenges in central and eastern europe: SME support." Acta Innovations, no. 42 (March 14, 2022): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.32933/actainnovations.42.4.

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he main aim of the given research is to analyse Government policy early response due to the Covid-19 crisis in Central and Eastern Europe regarding SME support. The research methodology is based on an analysis of the pandemic impact on key indicators of countries development as well as an analysis of SME support policies responses by selected countries (Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Slovenia and Ukraine). The dynamic trends of Covid-19 spread and its impact on macroeconomic indicators were analysed. The negative growth of GDP, as well as current account balance and increasing gross debt burden, were explored in all analysed countries and the policy responses were the required measures to avoid possible economic collapse. Implemented measures were mainly directed to achieve economic recovery and capturing stability, but the main focus of the research is to analyse the support policies according to the criterion of enterprise size, SME in particular. The study is based on country-level data as well as on individual State Aid cases of each analysed CEE country. It allowed to evaluate policy response mechanisms in terms of measures regarding enterprise size. Although SMEs suffered the most during the crisis, CEE countries spent most of their resources on supporting companies, regardless of their size.

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40

Burganova, V., A. Nowak, M. Dulevych, O. Kahraman, A. Elkhair, I. Superson, D. Navasardian, et al. "INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE "POLITICS AND CHANGE IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE"." International and Political Studies, no. 34 (October 21, 2021): 254–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2707-5206.2021.34.237612.

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The scientific conference for students majoring in 291 International Relations, Public Communications and Regional Studies at the initiative of the Head of the Department of International Relations Olga Brusylovska brought together Masters of ONU and Bachelors of AMU in Poznan. The conference took place on June 1, 2021 online. Among the issues considered at the conference were: the analysis of international relations and foreign policy of the states (Elkhair A., Superson I., Novatska O., Switalska N., Palyonova G., Lubinska M.), systemic transformation of post-communist countries (Burganova V., Nowak A., Dulevych M., Kahraman O., Navasardian D., Rzeczycki A., Polyakova E., Robeyko A., Shevchenko Y., Malicki T., Zazalitinova V., Domina O.).

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41

Leal Filho, Walter, Mariia Fedoruk, Lyudmyla Zahvoyska, and Lucas Veiga Avila. "Identifying and Comparing Obstacles and Incentives for the Implementation of Energy Saving Projects in Eastern and Western European Countries: An Exploratory Study." Sustainability 13, no. 9 (April 28, 2021): 4944. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13094944.

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This comparison study of the implementation of energy-saving projects in buildings was conducted in order to consider the diversity of experiences between Western European countries, which have experience and expertise in this area, and those countries in Eastern Europe that are in the beginning stages. The goal of this paper is to analyze obstacles and incentives for investment in energy conservation in buildings by comparing European countries with a diverse landscape of institutional and economic developments, social-cultural values, and environmental framework conditions in order to understand if these differences are influencing the implementation of energy saving measures and how this can be used to overcome the existing obstacles. The study is based on survey results received from experts in Eastern and Western European countries. The main value of the research is that it offers an overview of the potentials and constraints (barriers) to energy efficiency in Europe, based on data from a sample of western and eastern European countries. Among the most important incentives that were implemented to stimulate energy-saving measures are costs savings and the need to meet regulatory requirements. The main obstacles that still restrict the number of already implemented projects in Europe are a lack of proper financial incentives and that many Eastern countries are still struggling to develop the market of Energy Saving Services (ESS) and to operate better energy waste control systems. The paper concludes with the successful incentives that were implemented to stimulate the energy-saving measures and the main obstacles that still restrict the number of already implemented projects in Europe. Additionally, a set of indicators related to the environmental friendliness and social significance of energy-saving measures was proposed for evaluation of the project results. These were used based on the fact that they may be measured and cater for comparisons. This paper can help improve policy-makers’ selections in order to improve economic instruments appropriate to energy-saving policy objectives and specific national contexts.

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42

Goldthau, Andreas, and Benjamin K. Sovacool. "Energy Technology, Politics, and Interpretative Frames: Shale Gas Fracking in Eastern Europe." Global Environmental Politics 16, no. 4 (November 2016): 50–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/glep_a_00375.

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This article explores competing interpretive frames regarding shale gas in Bulgaria, Poland, and Romania. These countries face the choice of embracing shale gas as a potential revolutionizing domestic source of energy, against the backdrop of Russia serving as the dominant gas supplier. This makes them interesting cases for studying how policy narratives and discourses coalesce around a novel technology. The findings, which are based on sixty-six semistructured research interviews, point to differing and indeed competing frames, ranging from national security, environmental boons to economic sellout and authoritarianism, with different sets of institutions sharing those frames. This suggests that enhancing energy security by way of deploying novel energy technologies such as shale gas fracking is not simply a function of resource endowments and technological progress. Instead, it is the result of complex dynamics unfolding among social stakeholders and the related discursive processes, which eventually will determine whether—or not—shale gas will go global.

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43

Funke, Odelia. "The role of biopolitics in environmental security analysis." Politics and the Life Sciences 30, no. 01 (2011): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s073093840001772x.

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Over the past 25 years, my academic and work experiences have involved and intersected with biopolitics, particularly environmental policy, international relations, and ethics. My academic and teaching experience was in political theory and ethics, and my early research interests turned to emerging recombinant DNA issues, involving the complex interaction of biological science, technology and public policy processes. My scholarly contacts included those with similar concerns, and so I joined with a group of scholars creating the Association for Politics and the Life Sciences. Several years later, my interests brought me to work in a federal agency where public policy decisions often raise important ethical choices, and the political and behavioral aspects of the policy process became more evident. My research centered on issues related to environmental protection. This work was also influenced by my professional friendship with Lynton Caldwell, another APLS founder and a remarkable scholar, whose work on environmental politics was internationally recognized. After the implosion of the Soviet Union, teaching environmental policy for the Agency in Eastern Europe renewed my interest in international relations, which had been my undergraduate focus. The topic of environmental security combined all of these interests. This topic gained substantial attention in policy circles, then declined, but is now being discussed again.

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Funke, Odelia. "The role of biopolitics in environmental security analysis." Politics and the Life Sciences 30, no. 1 (2011): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2990/30_1_71.

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Over the past 25 years, my academic and work experiences have involved and intersected with biopolitics, particularly environmental policy, international relations, and ethics. My academic and teaching experience was in political theory and ethics, and my early research interests turned to emerging recombinant DNA issues, involving the complex interaction of biological science, technology and public policy processes. My scholarly contacts included those with similar concerns, and so I joined with a group of scholars creating the Association for Politics and the Life Sciences. Several years later, my interests brought me to work in a federal agency where public policy decisions often raise important ethical choices, and the political and behavioral aspects of the policy process became more evident. My research centered on issues related to environmental protection. This work was also influenced by my professional friendship with Lynton Caldwell, another APLS founder and a remarkable scholar, whose work on environmental politics was internationally recognized. After the implosion of the Soviet Union, teaching environmental policy for the Agency in Eastern Europe renewed my interest in international relations, which had been my undergraduate focus. The topic of environmental security combined all of these interests. This topic gained substantial attention in policy circles, then declined, but is now being discussed again.

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van Geenhuizen, M., and P. Nijkamp. "Potentials for East — West Integration: The Case of Foreign Direct Investment." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 16, no. 1 (February 1998): 105–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c160105.

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Reshaping the relationships between Western Europe and the former communist bloc is one of the most intriguing challenges for the coming years. Will Central and Eastern Europe become passive players in the European and world economy, or will companies located there become integrated as fully fledged partners? Foreign direct investment (FDI) is heavily concentrated in a few countries in Central and Eastern Europe. It is argued that the type of FDI is more important than the amount of FDI. There is a need for a critical assessment of the strategies of the investors and the impacts on local entrepreneurship. In this vein, the authors describe various interesting future research paths and make policy recommendations.

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Shkaruba, Anton, Hanna Skryhan, Olga Likhacheva, Viktar Kireyeu, Attila Katona, Sergey Shyrokostup, and Kalev Sepp. "Environmental drivers and sustainable transition of dachas in Eastern Europe: An analytical overview." Land Use Policy 100 (January 2021): 104887. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2020.104887.

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Panayotou, Theodore, Randall A. Bluffstone, and Vladislav Balaban. "Lemons and liabilities: Privatization, foreign investment, and environmental liability in Central and Eastern Europe." Environmental Impact Assessment Review 14, no. 2-3 (March 1994): 157–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0195-9255(94)90032-9.

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Hargreaves, Pamela, and Neil Hawke. "Financing Environmental Improvement: the Use of Environmental Funds in EU and CEE Countries." European Energy and Environmental Law Review 12, Issue 4 (April 1, 2003): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eelr2003017.

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Summary: The purpose of this article is to examine the design, operation and effectiveness of environmental funds concentrating particularly on those funds whose role is aimed at the second category of protection, improvement and enhancement. The article examines specific examples of environmental funds in Central and Eastern Europe and compares them with established and emerging funds in the UK and other European jurisdictions. That comparison will necessarily refer to the status and effect of the ``polluter pays'' principle as a variety of economic instrument. This principle allows an appreciation of the extent to which fund-based arrangements in the environment achieve efficiency and effectiveness where (for example) pollution charges are a source of fund income which may in turn be available for environmental protection, improvement and enhancement.

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Schirmer, Berndt. "Reorganisation of the health care systems of Eastern Europe." International Journal of Risk and Safety in Medicine 4, no. 1 (1993): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jrs-1993-4110.

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Börzel, Tanja, and Aron Buzogány. "Environmental organisations and the Europeanisation of public policy in Central and Eastern Europe: the case of biodiversity governance." Environmental Politics 19, no. 5 (September 2010): 708–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09644016.2010.508302.

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