Relevant bibliographies by topics / Environmental policy – Europe, Eastern

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Environmental policy – Europe, Eastern'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Environmental policy – Europe, Eastern"

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Jolanta Welfens, Maria. "New options for environmental policy in central and eastern Europe." International Journal of Social Economics 26, no. 7/8/9 (July 1999): 945–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03068299910245688.

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Christie, Ian. "Cleaning up a continent: Environmental policy in Eastern and Western Europe." Policy Studies 9, no. 1 (July 1988): 16–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01442878808423508.

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Bartke, István, and László Lackó. "FURTHER CONSIDERATIONS ABOUT REGIONAL POLICY IN EASTERN EUROPE." Papers in Regional Science 60, no. 1 (January 14, 2005): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1435-5597.1986.tb01016.x.

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Lidstone, John. "Geographical and Environmental Education in South-eastern Europe." International Research in Geographical and Environmental Education 13, no. 1 (May 15, 2004): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10382040408668792.

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Green, David. "Restoring Cursed Earth – Appraising Environmental Policy Reforms in Eastern Europe and Russia." International Journal of Environmental Studies 67, no. 3 (June 2010): 460–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207230601124815.

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Goldman, Marshall I. "New Journal on Environmental Policy in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe." Environmental Conservation 15, no. 3 (1988): 272–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892900029477.

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Wassersug, S. R. "Risk Assessment and International Policy Perspectives on Chemical and Waste Management Activities." Water Science and Technology 25, no. 3 (February 1, 1992): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0071.

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Waste management practices for industry were compared for the United States, Western Europe, and the newly emerging democracies of Central and Eastern Europe. The developing policies and requirements for sound practices are analyzed as a function of perceived risks, history and cultural values of the geographic areas. Identification of the problems and merits is given in approaches for waste transportation, siting of new waste facilities, and prevention of chemical releases. Focus is given to strong ethical practices and integrated risk management. For the Central and Eastern Europe Region their unique problems and potential solutions are explored. Technology transfer solutions and other opportunities provided by the Regional Environmental Center in Hungary should benefit that region.
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FARROW, SCOTT. "The duality of taxes and tradable permits: A survey with applications in Central and Eastern Europe." Environment and Development Economics 4, no. 4 (October 1999): 519–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x99000315.

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Economic instruments such as taxes and tradable permits have been promoted as efficiency improving policies in the transition economies of Central and Eastern Europe and elsewhere. The little noticed potential for a symmetric equity impact from the two instruments in a world without distortions is first discussed. A specific policy option is suggested in which existing environmental taxes in Central and Eastern Europe can be increased without imposing additional financial burdens in industry if appropriate tax credits are provided. Second, conditions in Central and Eastern Europe are identified that reduce the change of efficiency losses in a general equilibrium setting when distortions exist. The trade-off between efficiency and equity in such a setting is found to depend on country-specific parameters and to be reduced if: (1) a cost-effective policy is implemented, (2) environmental assets can be distributed prior to privatization, and (3) government expenditures can decline.
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Schwager, Stefan. "Book Review: Transnational Politics of the Environment: The European Union and Environmental Policy in Central and Eastern Europe, Restoring Cursed Earth: Appraising Environmental Policy Reforms in Eastern Europe and Russia." Journal of Environment & Development 13, no. 4 (December 2004): 438–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1070496504271816.

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Costi, Alberto. "Environmental justice and sustainable development in Central and Eastern Europe." European Environment 8, no. 4 (July 1998): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-0976(199807/08)8:4<107::aid-eet162>3.0.co;2-u.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Environmental policy – Europe, Eastern"

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Batagelj, Leon. "Competition policy in countries of Central and Eastern Europe : competition in Europe or competition for Europe." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=81242.

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Competition policy is an important tool for assurance of the efficient allocation of resources in functioning market economies. Applicability of modern competition policy to situations in former planned economies, however, raises doubts because of fundamentally different states of competition in such markets. This study analyses development of competition policy in Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic. Particular attention is given to the influence of the EU competition policy in the framework of negotiations for final membership in the EU.
This study proposes reassessment of the competition policy of the three countries in order to better tackle the economic complexities of transition to fully functioning market economies. Harmonization of competition policy of the three candidate countries for EU membership with competition policy of the EU assumes appropriateness of EU competition policy for transition situations. Contrary to this assumption, the thesis argues that competition policy in transition should be tailored closely to the needs of transition. Since harmonization of competition law is only an instrument to evaluate whether a candidate country has a functioning market economy that can be integrated in the EU Internal Market, competition policy aimed at better promoting competition should be welcomed.
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Ellis, Joseph Michael. "Flat Tax Revolution?: Policy Change and Policy Diffusion in Eastern Europe." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2010. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/94739.

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Political Science
Ph.D.
Why have Eastern European states adopted flat tax policies? That is what this dissertation answers. This is a curious development given that flat tax policies were noticeably absent from the landscape of most of the world, including Eastern Europe. Fives cases of adoption are examined, including Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Slovakia and the Czech Republic. I argue that two simultaneous processes occur in Eastern Europe that makes adoption viable. First, at the domestic level, the idea of the flat tax is held in esteem by a number of actors, specifically: elite carriers, tax and financial ministers, think tanks and right-wing political parties. They champion this idea to its adoption, or at the least, introduce the flat tax into the policy-making apparatus. Second, at the international level, policy diffusion of the flat tax is taking place. In other words, the experience of previous adopters impacts the decisions of future adopters. Examining both cognitive heuristics theory and rational learning I argue that there are "varieties of diffusion" during the diffusion of the flat tax. Additionally, though this dissertation concerns itself primarily with adoption, I also investigate two cases of non-adoption in Poland and Hungary. What is argued is "diffusion without adoption" occurs. The idea of the flat tax diffused, but the adoption was not politically, ideologically, and economically feasible.
Temple University--Theses
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Marian, Svetlana. "Russia's Foreign Policy in Eastern Europe: The Moldovan Question." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/79750.

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This thesis provides an empirical contribution to the existing literature regarding Russian foreign policy and its application in Russia's near abroad. The primary case study is Russian foreign policy instruments applied to the Eastern European country of Moldova. This thesis directly cites the Russian National Security Concept (RNSC) documents from 2000 and 2016 as the foundation for analysis of Russian foreign policy actions applied to both Eastern Europe and Moldova. A summation of the type of instruments used within Moldova, either "soft power" or "hard power" resources, citing specific examples of each, is included. The result of this thesis is a foundation for future research of Russian foreign policy based on Russian foreign policy documents, as it pertains to the former republics of the Soviet Union.
Master of Arts
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Ali, Mobarak. "Eastern Europe foreign policy convergence with Western Europe on the Middle East, 1990-1992." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.390195.

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Dmitrijeva, Jekaterina. "Unemployment and labour market policy in Central and Eastern Europe." Thesis, Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EVRY0002/document.

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Transition vers l’économie de marché et accession a l’Union Européenne ont profondément modifié la structure et le fonctionnement des économies d’Europe Centrale et de l’Est. Cette thèse propose une analyse des évolutions observées sur les marchés du travail régionaux et nationaux des nouveaux pays membres de l’Union Européenne ainsi qu’une évaluation des politiques publiques mises en œuvre dans ce contexte de transition économique. L’analyse du processus d’appariement entre travailleurs et employeurs révèle l’importance de la demande de travail dans la création de nouvelles embauches en Lettonie, Slovénie et Estonie et souligne la nécessité d’intégrer flux (chômeurs et emplois vacants) et effets spatiaux dans la modélisation. L’efficacité des politiques publiques est attestée au niveau macro et microéconomiques et démontre l’influence positive des programmes de formation sur les taux de sortie du chômage et l’employabilité des participants
During the transition to market economy and the accession to the EU Central and Eastern European countries have witnessed remarkable changes in the structure and functioning of national economies. This thesis aims to assess the development of aggregate and regional labour markets in new EU member states through this eventful period and to investigate the role of active labour market policy in moderating the consequences of transitional shock and improving the performance of the labour market. The analysis of the process of worker-firm matching in Latvia, Slovenia and Estonia reveals that in transition - EU accession context the hiring process is labour demand driven and displays the existence of stock-flow patterns and spatial spillovers. The effects of ALMP programs are confirmed to be positive at both macroeconomic and individual levels: involvement of unemployed in training increases aggregate outflows from unemployment to jobs and increases individual employability of participants
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Dmitrijeva, Jekaterina Laurent Thierry. "Unemployment and labour market policy in Central and Eastern Europe." S. l. : Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2008. http://www.biblio.univ-evry.fr/theses/2008/2008EVRY0002.pdf.

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Kozovska, Kornelia <1981&gt. "Business Clusters in Eastern Europe: Policy Analysis and Cluster Performance." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2009. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/1611/2/Tesi_Kornelia_Kozovska.pdf.

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Clusters have increasingly become an essential part of policy discourses at all levels, EU, national, regional, dealing with regional development, competitiveness, innovation, entrepreneurship, SMEs. These impressive efforts in promoting the concept of clusters on the policy-making arena have been accompanied by much less academic and scientific research work investigating the actual economic performance of firms in clusters, the design and execution of cluster policies and going beyond singular case studies to a more methodologically integrated and comparative approach to the study of clusters and their real-world impact. The theoretical background is far from being consolidated and there is a variety of methodologies and approaches for studying and interpreting this phenomenon while at the same time little comparability among studies on actual cluster performances. The conceptual framework of clustering suggests that they affect performance but theory makes little prediction as to the ultimate distribution of the value being created by clusters. This thesis takes the case of Eastern European countries for two reasons. One is that clusters, as coopetitive environments, are a new phenomenon as the previous centrally-based system did not allow for such types of firm organizations. The other is that, as new EU member states, they have been subject to the increased popularization of the cluster policy approach by the European Commission, especially in the framework of the National Reform Programmes related to the Lisbon objectives. The originality of the work lays in the fact that starting from an overview of theoretical contributions on clustering, it offers a comparative empirical study of clusters in transition countries. There have been very few examples in the literature that attempt to examine cluster performance in a comparative cross-country perspective. It adds to this an analysis of cluster policies and their implementation or lack of such as a way to analyse the way the cluster concept has been introduced to transition economies. Our findings show that the implementation of cluster policies does vary across countries with some countries which have embraced it more than others. The specific modes of implementation, however, are very similar, based mostly on soft measures such as funding for cluster initiatives, usually directed towards the creation of cluster management structures or cluster facilitators. They are essentially founded on a common assumption that the added values of clusters is in the creation of linkages among firms, human capital, skills and knowledge at the local level, most often perceived as the regional level. Often times geographical proximity is not a necessary element in the application process and cluster application are very similar to network membership. Cluster mapping is rarely a factor in the selection of cluster initiatives for funding and the relative question about critical mass and expected outcomes is not considered. In fact, monitoring and evaluation are not elements of the cluster policy cycle which have received a lot of attention. Bulgaria and the Czech Republic are the countries which have implemented cluster policies most decisively, Hungary and Poland have made significant efforts, while Slovakia and Romania have only sporadically and not systematically used cluster initiatives. When examining whether, in fact, firms located within regional clusters perform better and are more efficient than similar firms outside clusters, we do find positive results across countries and across sectors. The only country with negative impact from being located in a cluster is the Czech Republic.
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Kozovska, Kornelia <1981&gt. "Business Clusters in Eastern Europe: Policy Analysis and Cluster Performance." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2009. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/1611/.

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Clusters have increasingly become an essential part of policy discourses at all levels, EU, national, regional, dealing with regional development, competitiveness, innovation, entrepreneurship, SMEs. These impressive efforts in promoting the concept of clusters on the policy-making arena have been accompanied by much less academic and scientific research work investigating the actual economic performance of firms in clusters, the design and execution of cluster policies and going beyond singular case studies to a more methodologically integrated and comparative approach to the study of clusters and their real-world impact. The theoretical background is far from being consolidated and there is a variety of methodologies and approaches for studying and interpreting this phenomenon while at the same time little comparability among studies on actual cluster performances. The conceptual framework of clustering suggests that they affect performance but theory makes little prediction as to the ultimate distribution of the value being created by clusters. This thesis takes the case of Eastern European countries for two reasons. One is that clusters, as coopetitive environments, are a new phenomenon as the previous centrally-based system did not allow for such types of firm organizations. The other is that, as new EU member states, they have been subject to the increased popularization of the cluster policy approach by the European Commission, especially in the framework of the National Reform Programmes related to the Lisbon objectives. The originality of the work lays in the fact that starting from an overview of theoretical contributions on clustering, it offers a comparative empirical study of clusters in transition countries. There have been very few examples in the literature that attempt to examine cluster performance in a comparative cross-country perspective. It adds to this an analysis of cluster policies and their implementation or lack of such as a way to analyse the way the cluster concept has been introduced to transition economies. Our findings show that the implementation of cluster policies does vary across countries with some countries which have embraced it more than others. The specific modes of implementation, however, are very similar, based mostly on soft measures such as funding for cluster initiatives, usually directed towards the creation of cluster management structures or cluster facilitators. They are essentially founded on a common assumption that the added values of clusters is in the creation of linkages among firms, human capital, skills and knowledge at the local level, most often perceived as the regional level. Often times geographical proximity is not a necessary element in the application process and cluster application are very similar to network membership. Cluster mapping is rarely a factor in the selection of cluster initiatives for funding and the relative question about critical mass and expected outcomes is not considered. In fact, monitoring and evaluation are not elements of the cluster policy cycle which have received a lot of attention. Bulgaria and the Czech Republic are the countries which have implemented cluster policies most decisively, Hungary and Poland have made significant efforts, while Slovakia and Romania have only sporadically and not systematically used cluster initiatives. When examining whether, in fact, firms located within regional clusters perform better and are more efficient than similar firms outside clusters, we do find positive results across countries and across sectors. The only country with negative impact from being located in a cluster is the Czech Republic.
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Frey, Walter C. "Water for life : fighting water pollution in Eastern Europe." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/45738.

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Tzonev, Tzonu. "Seismic retrofit of precast panel buildings in Eastern Europe." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/82720.

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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2013.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 85-87).
Many countries in Eastern Europe, particularly ones from the former Soviet Bloc, are facing a potential crisis regarding their deteriorating precast panel apartment buildings. These complexes were built using industrial methods in response to the housing shortage during the 1960s, 70s and 80s. An ending lifecycle in combination with the poor design and construction quality makes these buildings extremely vulnerable to earthquakes that are frequent in the region. This thesis addresses the need to act urgently in order to rehabilitate these structures and ensure that they meet today's building code requirements. It is achieved through a case study that explores the effectiveness of global bracing seismic mitigation techniques on an existing precast panel building located in Sofia, Bulgaria. The in-situ building is first analyzed using SAP2000 and then again after the bracing is added to the model. A variety of parameters such as drift, floor acceleration and seismic damage are compared with cost and plausibility of the chosen options. As a final outcome, the external bracing scheme used in this study does in fact decrease both the floor accelerations and the interstory drift by at least 10% and in some cases as much as 85%. During the thesis, several local experts and practicing structural engineers were interviewed and consulted. For this study it is assumed that the building has a close statistical representation of other buildings with similar structural system both in Bulgaria and neighboring Eastern European countries.
by Tzonu Tzonev.
M.Eng.
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Books on the topic "Environmental policy – Europe, Eastern"

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1935-, Jancar-Webster Barbara, ed. Environmental action in Eastern Europe: Responses to crisis. Armonk, N.Y: M.E. Sharpe, 1993.

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United States. National Intelligence Council., ed. The environmental outlook in Central and Eastern Europe. [Washington, D.C.]: National Intelligence Council, 1997.

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Bernard, Singleton Frederick, International Committee for Soviet and East European Studies., American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies., and World Congress for Soviet and East European Studies (3rd : 1985 : Washington, D.C.), eds. Environmental problems in the Soviet Union & Eastern Europe. Boulder: L. Rienner, 1987.

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Andrew, Tickle, and Welsh Ian, eds. Environment and society in Eastern Europe. Harlow, Essex [England]: Addison Wesley Longmsn, 1998.

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Roberto, Martín-Hurtado, and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development., eds. Environmental management in Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia. Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2005.

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Rachel, Block, and Ebinger Jane O, eds. Adapting to Climate change in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. Washington DC: World Bank, 2010.

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1934-, Nagel Stuart S., Rukavishnikov V. O, and Policy Studies Organization, eds. Eastern European development and public policy. New York, N.Y: St. Martin's Press, 1994.

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Kennet, Miriam, and Odeta Grabauskaitė. Green economics: Policy and practice in Eastern Europe. Reading: The Green Economics Institute (GEI), 2014.

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JoAnn, Carmin, and VanDeveer Stacy D, eds. EU enlargement and the environment: Institutional change and environmental policy in Central and Eastern Europe. London: Routledge, 2005.

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JoAnn, Carmin, and VanDeveer Stacy D, eds. EU enlargement and the environment: Institutional change and environmental policy in Central and Eastern Europe. Portland, Or: Frank Cass, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Environmental policy – Europe, Eastern"

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Andersson, Magnus. "Environment and Transition in Eastern Europe." In Change and Continuity in Poland’s Environmental Policy, 3–19. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4517-6_1.

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Andersson, Magnus. "Environment and Transition in Eastern Europe." In Change and Continuity in Poland’s Environmental Policy, 3–19. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4519-0_1.

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Klarer, Jürg. "Economic Instruments and Environmental Funds for Environmental Policy in Central and Eastern Europe." In Green Budget Reform in Europe, 201–58. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58637-8_14.

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Stoklasa, Jaroslav. "Environmental Problems in Central and Eastern Europe: The Possible Role of International Policy and Market-Oriented Instruments." In Eastern European Development and Public Policy, 131–39. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-23366-3_9.

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Gedek, Stanislaw. "Assessments of Environmental Policy Measures: A Farm Approach." In Soil Quality, Sustainable Agriculture and Environmental Security in Central and Eastern Europe, 335–46. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4181-9_28.

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Neuhauss, Werner. "Refinancing Banks in an Unstable Financial Environment." In Banking and Monetary Policy in Eastern Europe, 72–86. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403907684_4.

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Vari, Anna, and Pal Tamas. "Environmental Policy and Politics in Central and Eastern Europe: Introduction and Overview." In Environment and Democratic Transition, 1–4. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8120-2_1.

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Sotlar, Andrej, Bojan Tičar, and Bernarda Tominc. "Slovenian Environmental Policy Analysis: From Institutional Declarations to Instrumental Legal Regulation." In Understanding and Managing Threats to the Environment in South Eastern Europe, 11–39. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0611-8_2.

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Guzowski, Piotr. "Eastward Migration in European History: The Interplay of Economic and Environmental Opportunities." In Perspectives on Public Policy in Societal-Environmental Crises, 325–32. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94137-6_21.

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AbstractDuring the preindustrial era one of the major migration waves headed eastward to Eastern Europe, where scores of migrants, in their pursuit of happiness, hoped to fulfil their dreams, have their own farm or set up a company, achieve a higher social status, and benefit from religious freedom and tolerance. The first wave of migration was connected with German colonization and the establishment of settlements following the German law. The alluringly large expanses of “pristine” land, together with tax privileges and the prospects of relative autonomy, attracted scores of bold, enterprising and hard-working settlers to relocate to the East. Most of them were peasants and townsfolk from the German states and the Netherlands, but there were also Jews escaping discrimination in Western Europe as well as West-European Protestants and Catholics attracted by religious tolerance in the East. Prospects of freedom and economic success encouraged them all to choose Poland and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth as their second homeland.
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Keković, Zoran. "Environmental-Security Aspects of Explosion in the Ammunition Storage: Opportunity for Policy Making." In Understanding and Managing Threats to the Environment in South Eastern Europe, 187–204. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0611-8_10.

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Conference papers on the topic "Environmental policy – Europe, Eastern"

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Radziszewski, Piotr, Michał Sarnowski, Jan B. Król, and Karol J. Kowalski. "Bitumen Binders Properties – Middle-European Climate Requirements." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.145.

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The article concerns the properties of bitumens and modified binders manufactured in Poland and used in Central and Eastern Europe for road paving. The aim of the article is to evaluate the properties of bituminous binders in terms of the climatic conditions of Central and Eastern Europe, taking the Polish climate as an example. In order to obtain a qualitative assessment of binders taking into account their role in the formation of road surface and its operating conditions in a wide range of temperatures, extensive research of the binders most commonly used in the construction of asphalt pavement were carried out. Aside from the results of standard tests, this article also presents the results of studies determining the functional properties of binders according to the SUPERPAVE method. Based on the results, it was found that the bituminous binders meet the requirements specified in European standards and technical guidelines. The temperature range of viscoelasticity of all the tested bituminous binders is very wide and exceeds 80 °C. However, in view of the Polish climate, an unfavourable phenomenon is a shift in the temperature range of viscoelasticity towards higher operating temperatures, at the same time lowering the binder performance at low temperatures.
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Kmiec, Mateusz, Michał Antoszkiewicz, Paweł Szewczuk, Marek Szkodo, and Robert Jankowski. "Planning, Configuration and Usefulness of Microseismic Monitoring on Eastern-Europe Platform – Example from East Pomerania." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.028.

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The microseismic monitoring is a method of monitoring of fracture propagation during hydraulic fracturing process. The method uses array of geophones to localize micro tremors induced by liquid pumped underground at high rate and pressure. The acquired information helps to optimize fracturing process and prevents fracture growth to aquifer levels. It was proved to be useful on several unconventional hydrocarbon reservoirs in the USA. Conducted investigation was aimed at evaluation of the possibility of using the technology on Polish unconventional reservoirs. In order to stand better chances of success the analysis of several variants of monitoring was made. East Pomerania geological structure was compared to similar structures in the USA. With this knowledge, financially feasible configuration was selected. The array of geophones was dispatched around the drilling site and data acquisition was performed. The present paper is mainly focus on geological structure, hardware selection, damping factor and noise level analysis. The usefulness of used receiver configuration is also assessed.
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Mascu, Simona. "ENVIRONMENTAL FISCAL POLICY OF CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIESIN THE BIOECONOMY ERA." In 13th SGEM GeoConference on ECOLOGY, ECONOMICS, EDUCATION AND LEGISLATION. Stef92 Technology, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2013/be5.v2/s21.017.

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Rožnik, Andreja, and Gorazd Meško. "Electronic and Electrical Waste as Transnational Environmental Harm and Crime." In Twelfth Biennial International Conference Criminal Justice and Security in Central and Eastern Europe: From Common Sense to Evidence-based Policy–making. University of Maribor Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/978-961-286-174-2.42.

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Steinhauser, Dušan, Stanislav Zábojník, and Zuzana Borovská. "Impact of the US Trade Policy on Trade Flows Distortion of Selected Commodity Groups." In The 20th International Joint Conference: Central and Eastern Europe in the Changing Business Environment. Prague University of Economics and Business, Oeconomica Publishing House, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18267/pr.2020.cer.2395.25.

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Ružeková, Viera, and Ján Hrinko. "The Impact of Economic Diplomacy on the Fulfilment of the Slovak Pro-export Policy Goals." In 21st International Joint Conference Central and Eastern Europe in the Changing Business Environment : Proceedings. University of Economics in Bratislava, Vydavateľstvo EKONÓM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18267/pr.2021.krn.4816.17.

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Yurik, Sergey, Nikolay Pushkin, Jaroslav Halík, and Valentina Yurik. "Mirror Comparison of Czech Export and Russian Import Statistics: Tips for Business and Trade Policy." In The 20th International Joint Conference: Central and Eastern Europe in the Changing Business Environment. Prague University of Economics and Business, Oeconomica Publishing House, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18267/pr.2020.cer.2395.28.

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Tkacheva, Mariya. "Subjects of Analysis and Users of Information on the Environmental Sustainability of the Corporation." In The XX International Scientific Conference "Functioning of Investments Financed from State Resources and from Other Sources in The Countries of Central And Eastern Europe". Temida 2, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/ipf.2022.19.

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The issues of developing an organizational mechanism for analyzing the environmental sustainability of a corporation have not been given due attention so far. A logically complete, systematic approach to understanding the essence and content of environmental sustainability analysis as an independent block analysis, based on private and generalizing indicators within the framework of a comprehensive economic analysis, was not formulated. To a greater extent the authors described certain organizational and methodological issues of analyzing the environmental sustainability of a corporation as part of the analysis of the financial state of organizations, technical and economic analysis. We have undertaken an attempt to fill the existing gap in this block of economic analysis, to identify the subjects and users of the results of the analysis of the environmental sustainability of the corporation. Interested users of information on environmental sustainability analysis study environmental strategy and policy in the field of environmental protection, environmental management and ensuring environmental safety, evaluate the eff ectiveness of environmental decisions on the introduction of the best available and environmentally friendly technologies, evaluate investments in environmental protection measures.
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Kot-Niewiadomska, Alicja, Krzysztof Galos, and Katarzyna Guzik. "SAFEGUARDING OF MINERAL DEPOSITS AS THE BASIS OF EUROPEAN UNION RAW MATERIALS SECURITY IN THE ERA OF UNSTABLE GEOPOLITICAL CONDITIONS." In 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/1.1/s03.046.

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The economic results of many dynamically developing European countries largely depend on the availability of mineral raw materials. For this reason, securing their supplies from import must be supported by a committed foreign policy as well as a sustainable raw materials policy in the field of their obtaining from domestic sources, both from mineral deposits, as well as secondary and waste sources. Raw material security must be based on the diversification of supply sources and minimizing supply risks. The results of analyses show that the European Union relies heavily on imported raw materials, especially in industries recognized as strategic (renewable Energy - wind & PV; grids, Li-ion batteries (LIB), electric vehicles (EVs), Robotics and defense). Moreover, most of the import sources are countries with high or very high risk of supply. Recently, these risks are higher due to unstable political situation in Eastern Europe. Taking into account above, the European Union should consider the possibility of further development of its own mining industry, based on its own resources. The raw material potential of European countries is significant, but recently problems related to the possibility of launching new mining projects have been increasing. Social, environmental and spatial conditions play a decisive role. In this context, particular attention should be paid to the properly implemented policy of mineral deposits safeguarding which provides access to primary sources of raw materials (deposits), thus reducing dependence from unstable import sources.
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ZAWOJSKA, Aldona. "THE PROS AND CONS OF THE EU COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.158.

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The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) of the European Union has generated a great deal of attention and controversy among research community, practitioners and the wider population. The aim of this study is to overview and to discuss the thoughts and comments on the CAP which have been addressed by both its proponents and its opponents in the scientific publications, political commentaries, official reports, pubic opinion surveys and social-media-based public forums. While on the one hand, recent public opinion poll (Eurobarometer 2016) indicated broad support among EU citizens for the CAP; on the other hand, other sources give some strong arguments in favour of reducing or even scrapping the CAP. The CAP supporters (including European Commission itself) highlight, among others, the benefits of this policy (environmental; cultural; social vitality; food variety, quality and security; maintaining of rural employment, etc.) for all European citizens and not only for farmers, while CAP opponents stress its unfairness both to non-farmers (e.g. huge financial costs of its policy for taxpayers) and small farmers (large farmers benefit most), heavy administrative burden for farmers as well as the CAP’s destructing impact both on the EU states’ agriculture systems and developing countries’ agricultural markets. The CAP is basically the same for all EU member states but the EU countries differ considerably in terms of their rural development. According to some views, the CAP does not fit the Central and Eastern European countries. It represents a failure of the EU to adjust adequately from an exclusively Western European institution into a proper pan-European organization.
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Reports on the topic "Environmental policy – Europe, Eastern"

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Norman, R. E. Uranium production in Eastern Europe and its environmental impact: A literature survey. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10144010.

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Gant, K. S. Energy and Environmental Issues in Eastern Europe and Central Asia: An Annotated Guide to Information Resources. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/885833.

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Chisholm, Amanda. Trends in European Environmental Policy: Implications for the Activities of the United States Army in Europe. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada231554.

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Davies, Will. Improving the engagement of UK armed forces overseas. Royal Institute of International Affairs, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55317/9781784135010.

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The UK government’s Integrated Review of security, defence, development and foreign policy, published in March 2021 alongside a supporting defence command paper, set a new course for UK national security and highlighted opportunities for an innovative approach to international engagement activity. The Integrated Review focused principally on the state threats posed by China’s increasing power and by competitors – including Russia – armed with nuclear, conventional and hybrid capabilities. It also stressed the continuing risks to global security and resilience due to conflict and instability in weakened and failed states. These threats have the potential to increase poverty and inequality, violent extremism, climate degradation and the forced displacement of people, while presenting authoritarian competitors with opportunities to enhance their geopolitical influence. There are moral, security and economic motives to foster durable peace in conflict-prone and weakened regions through a peacebuilding approach that promotes good governance, addresses the root causes of conflict and prevents violence, while denying opportunities to state competitors. The recent withdrawal from Afghanistan serves to emphasize the complexities and potential pitfalls associated with intervention operations in complex, unstable regions. Success in the future will require the full, sustained and coordinated integration of national, allied and regional levers of power underpinned by a sophisticated understanding of the operating environment. The UK armed forces, with their considerable resources and global network, will contribute to this effort through ‘persistent engagement’. This is a new approach to overseas operations below the threshold of conflict, designed as a pre-emptive complement to warfighting. To achieve this, the UK Ministry of Defence (MOD) must develop a capability that can operate effectively in weak, unstable and complex regions prone to violent conflict and crises, not least in the regions on the eastern and southern flanks of the Euro-Atlantic area. The first step must be the development of a cohort of military personnel with enhanced, tailored levels of knowledge, skills and experience. Engagement roles must be filled by operators with specialist knowledge, skills and experience forged beyond the mainstream discipline of combat and warfighting. Only then will individuals develop a genuinely sophisticated understanding of complex, politically driven and sensitive operating environments and be able to infuse the design and delivery of international activities with practical wisdom and insight. Engagement personnel need to be equipped with: An inherent understanding of the human and political dimensions of conflict, the underlying drivers such as inequality and scarcity, and the exacerbating factors such as climate change and migration; - A grounding in social sciences and conflict modelling in order to understand complex human terrain; - Regional expertise enabled by language skills, cultural intelligence and human networks; - Familiarity with a diverse range of partners, allies and local actors and their approaches; - Expertise in building partner capacity and applying defence capabilities to deliver stability and peace; - A grasp of emerging artificial intelligence technology as a tool to understand human terrain; - Reach and insight developed through ‘knowledge networks’ of external experts in academia, think-tanks and NGOs. Successful change will be dependent on strong and overt advocacy by the MOD’s senior leadership and a revised set of personnel policies and procedures for this cohort’s selection, education, training, career management, incentivization, sustainability and support.
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Lucas, Brian. Behaviour Change Interventions for Energy Efficiency. Institute of Development Studies, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.138.

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Behavioural interventions are policies and programmes that incorporate insights from scientists who study human behaviour (such as psychology and behavioural economics), with the aim of encouraging socially desirable behaviours by removing barriers and creating incentives or disincentives (Cornago, 2021). Very few behavioural interventions for energy efficiency have been documented in Eastern Europe and the Western Balkans, and none in North Macedonia. The limited experience that has been documented in the region consists of a few small trials which used behavioural principles to inform households about approaches to energy conservation, but none of these trials have demonstrated a significant effect on behaviour. Behavioural interventions have been widely used elsewhere in the world, particularly in North America, Western Europe, and Australia, and there are many studies evaluating their impacts in these regions (Andor & Fels, 2018, p. 182). This report focuses primarily on household energy efficiency, and particularly on the most widespread and well-documented interventions, which are those related to providing feedback on energy consumption and labelling consumer goods. Although behavioural interventions have been shown to produce significant impacts and to be cost-effective in many situations, the available evidence has some limitations. Many examples that have been documented are small-scale trials or pilot projects; large-scale, institutionalised policy interventions based on behavioural insights are rare (Users TCP and IEA, 2020, p. 22). In many studies, experiments with small sample sizes and short durations show larger impacts than larger and longer-term studies, suggesting that pilot studies may over-estimate the savings that might be achieved by large-scale programmes (Andor & Fels, 2018, p. 182; Erhardt-Martinez et al., 2010, p. iv). The amount of energy saved by behavioural interventions is often fairly small and varies widely from one programme to another, suggesting that the effectiveness of these interventions may be highly dependent on local context and on details of design and implementation. Finally, many studies rely on participants reporting their intentions, and on hypothetical rather than actual purchasing decisions, and some studies have found a divergence between stated intentions and actual behaviour (Grünig et al., 2010, p. 41; Users TCP and IEA, 2020, pp. 75–76; Yang et al., 2015, pp. 21–22).
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Lucas, Brian. Lessons Learned about Political Inclusion of Refugees. Institute of Development Studies, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.114.

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Most refugees and other migrants have limited opportunities to participate in politics to inform and influence the policies that affect them daily; they have limited voting rights and generally lack effective alternative forms of representation such as consultative bodies (Solano & Huddleston, 2020a, p. 33). Political participation is ‘absent (or almost absent) from integration strategies’ in Eastern European countries, while refugees and other migrants in Western Europe do enjoy significant local voting rights, stronger consultative bodies, more funding for immigrant organisations and greater support from mainstream organisations (Solano & Huddleston, 2020a, p. 33).This rapid review seeks to find out what lessons have been learned about political inclusion of refugees, particularly in European countries.In general, there appears to be limited evidence about the effectiveness of attempts to support the political participation of migrants/refugees. ‘The engagement of refugees and asylum-seekers in the political activities of their host countries is highly understudied’ (Jacobi, 2021, p. 3) and ‘the effects that integration policies have on immigrants’ representation remains an under-explored field’ (Petrarca, 2015, p. 9). The evidence that is available often comes from sources that cover the entire population or ethnic minorities without specifically targeting refugees or migrants, are biased towards samples of immigrants who are long-established in the host country and may not be representative of immigrant populations, or focus only on voting behaviour and neglect other forms of political participation (Bilodeau, 2016, pp. 30–31). Statistical data on refugees and integration policy areas and indicators is often weak or absent (Hopkins, 2013, pp. 9, 28–32, 60). Data may not distinguish clearly among refugees and other types of migrants by immigration status, origin country, or length of stay in the host country; may not allow correlating data collected during different time periods with policies in place during those periods and preceding periods; and may fail to collect a range of relevant migrant-specific social and demographic characteristics (Bilgili et al., 2015, pp. 22–23; Hopkins, 2013, p. 28).
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Rezaie, Shogofa, Fedra Vanhuyse, Karin André, and Maryna Henrysson. Governing the circular economy: how urban policymakers can accelerate the agenda. Stockholm Environment Institute, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2022.027.

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We believe the climate crisis will be resolved in cities. Today, while cities occupy only 2% of the Earth's surface, 57% of the world's population lives in cities, and by 2050, it will jump to 68% (UN, 2018). Currently, cities consume over 75% of natural resources, accumulate 50% of the global waste and emit up to 80% of greenhouse gases (Ellen MacArthur Foundation, 2017). Cities generate 70% of the global gross domestic product and are significant drivers of economic growth (UN-Habitat III, 2016). At the same time, cities sit on the frontline of natural disasters such as floods, storms and droughts (De Sherbinin et al., 2007; Major et al., 2011; Rockström et al., 2021). One of the sustainability pathways to reduce the environmental consequences of the current extract-make-dispose model (or the "linear economy") is a circular economy (CE) model. A CE is defined as "an economic system that is based on business models which replace the 'end-of-life' concept with reducing, alternatively reusing, recycling and recovering materials in production/distribution and consumption processes" (Kirchherr et al., 2017, p. 224). By redesigning production processes and thereby extending the lifespan of goods and materials, researchers suggest that CE approaches reduce waste and increase employment and resource security while sustaining business competitiveness (Korhonen et al., 2018; Niskanen et al., 2020; Stahel, 2012; Winans et al., 2017). Organizations such as the Ellen MacArthur Foundation and Circle Economy help steer businesses toward CE strategies. The CE is also a political priority in countries and municipalities globally. For instance, the CE Action Plan, launched by the European Commission in 2015 and reconfirmed in 2020, is a central pillar of the European Green Deal (European Commission, 2015, 2020). Additionally, more governments are implementing national CE strategies in China (Ellen MacArthur Foundation, 2018), Colombia (Government of the Republic of Colombia, 2019), Finland (Sitra, 2016), Sweden (Government Offices of Sweden, 2020) and the US (Metabolic, 2018, 2019), to name a few. Meanwhile, more cities worldwide are adopting CE models to achieve more resource-efficient urban management systems, thereby advancing their environmental ambitions (Petit-Boix & Leipold, 2018; Turcu & Gillie, 2020; Vanhuyse, Haddaway, et al., 2021). Cities with CE ambitions include, Amsterdam, Barcelona, Paris, Toronto, Peterborough (England) and Umeå (Sweden) (OECD, 2020a). In Europe, over 60 cities signed the European Circular Cities Declaration (2020) to harmonize the transition towards a CE in the region. In this policy brief, we provide insights into common challenges local governments face in implementing their CE plans and suggest recommendations for overcoming these. It aims to answer the question: How can the CE agenda be governed in cities? It is based on the results of the Urban Circularity Assessment Framework (UCAF) project, building on findings from 25 interviews, focus group discussions and workshops held with different stakeholder groups in Umeå, as well as research on Stockholm's urban circularity potential, including findings from 11 expert interviews (Rezaie, 2021). Our findings were complemented by the Circular Economy Lab project (Rezaie et al., 2022) and experiences from working with municipal governments in Sweden, Belgium, France and the UK, on CE and environmental and social sustainability.
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Saville, Alan, and Caroline Wickham-Jones, eds. Palaeolithic and Mesolithic Scotland : Scottish Archaeological Research Framework Panel Report. Society for Antiquaries of Scotland, June 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.06.2012.163.

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Why research Palaeolithic and Mesolithic Scotland? Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology sheds light on the first colonisation and subsequent early inhabitation of Scotland. It is a growing and exciting field where increasing Scottish evidence has been given wider significance in the context of European prehistory. It extends over a long period, which saw great changes, including substantial environmental transformations, and the impact of, and societal response to, climate change. The period as a whole provides the foundation for the human occupation of Scotland and is crucial for understanding prehistoric society, both for Scotland and across North-West Europe. Within the Palaeolithic and Mesolithic periods there are considerable opportunities for pioneering research. Individual projects can still have a substantial impact and there remain opportunities for pioneering discoveries including cemeteries, domestic and other structures, stratified sites, and for exploring the huge evidential potential of water-logged and underwater sites. Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology also stimulates and draws upon exciting multi-disciplinary collaborations. Panel Task and Remit The panel remit was to review critically the current state of knowledge and consider promising areas of future research into the earliest prehistory of Scotland. This was undertaken with a view to improved understanding of all aspects of the colonization and inhabitation of the country by peoples practising a wholly hunter-fisher-gatherer way of life prior to the advent of farming. In so doing, it was recognised as particularly important that both environmental data (including vegetation, fauna, sea level, and landscape work) and cultural change during this period be evaluated. The resultant report, outlines the different areas of research in which archaeologists interested in early prehistory work, and highlights the research topics to which they aspire. The report is structured by theme: history of investigation; reconstruction of the environment; the nature of the archaeological record; methodologies for recreating the past; and finally, the lifestyles of past people – the latter representing both a statement of current knowledge and the ultimate aim for archaeologists; the goal of all the former sections. The document is reinforced by material on-line which provides further detail and resources. The Palaeolithic and Mesolithic panel report of ScARF is intended as a resource to be utilised, built upon, and kept updated, hopefully by those it has helped inspire and inform as well as those who follow in their footsteps. Future Research The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarized under four key headings:  Visibility: Due to the considerable length of time over which sites were formed, and the predominant mobility of the population, early prehistoric remains are to be found right across the landscape, although they often survive as ephemeral traces and in low densities. Therefore, all archaeological work should take into account the expectation of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic ScARF Panel Report iv encountering early prehistoric remains. This applies equally to both commercial and research archaeology, and to amateur activity which often makes the initial discovery. This should not be seen as an obstacle, but as a benefit, and not finding such remains should be cause for question. There is no doubt that important evidence of these periods remains unrecognised in private, public, and commercial collections and there is a strong need for backlog evaluation, proper curation and analysis. The inadequate representation of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic information in existing national and local databases must be addressed.  Collaboration: Multi-disciplinary, collaborative, and cross- sector approaches must be encouraged – site prospection, prediction, recognition, and contextualisation are key areas to this end. Reconstructing past environments and their chronological frameworks, and exploring submerged and buried landscapes offer existing examples of fruitful, cross-disciplinary work. Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology has an important place within Quaternary science and the potential for deeply buried remains means that geoarchaeology should have a prominent role.  Innovation: Research-led projects are currently making a substantial impact across all aspects of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology; a funding policy that acknowledges risk and promotes the innovation that these periods demand should be encouraged. The exploration of lesser known areas, work on different types of site, new approaches to artefacts, and the application of novel methodologies should all be promoted when engaging with the challenges of early prehistory.  Tackling the ‘big questions’: Archaeologists should engage with the big questions of earliest prehistory in Scotland, including the colonisation of new land, how lifestyles in past societies were organized, the effects of and the responses to environmental change, and the transitions to new modes of life. This should be done through a holistic view of the available data, encompassing all the complexities of interpretation and developing competing and testable models. Scottish data can be used to address many of the currently topical research topics in archaeology, and will provide a springboard to a better understanding of early prehistoric life in Scotland and beyond.
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