Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Environmental monitoring Geographic information systems'
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Van, der Merwe Joseph Petrus Albertus. "Spatial monitoring of natural resource condition in Southern Africa." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1657.
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Parsons, Robert Lee. "Assessment and optimization of site characterization and monitoring activities using geostatistical methods within a geographic information systems environment." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/32847.
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Webster, Michael S. "The development of a Geographic information system for environmental monitoring on the Cape Peninsula, and an assessment of the use of spot imagery for vegetation mapping." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22272.
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This thesis concerns the establishment of a Geographic Information System for the Cape Peninsula and the use of SPOT satellite imagery to map land cover classes. The former is seen as a necessary tool to promote judicious conservation management decisions for the fragile "Fynbos" ecosystem, and the latter as a convenient means of acquiring up-to-date information concerning the environment, and to monitor change.
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Elgethun, Kai. "Global positioning system (GPS) tracking to characterize children's exposure to pesticides /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8474.
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DeGraffenried, Jeffries Blunt. "Rapid prediction of tropical soil degradation using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy method verification in the Saiwa River basin, western Kenya /." Thesis, Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2008. https://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2010r/degraffenried.pdf.
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Li, Ying, and Wei Zhang. "Predicting Future Heat-Related Mortality in Large Urban Areas in China Using GIS (Geographic Information System) and Epidemiological Approaches." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/16.
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Global climate change is anticipated to raise the overall temperatures and is likely to increase future mortality attributable to heat. China, a rapid developing nation with the world's largest population, has experienced noticeable changes in climate over the past century, with an annual increase in air temperature by 0.5-0.8°C. While increasing evidence is suggesting that climate change has posed significant health risks to Chinese population, including heat-related mortality, the extent to which climate change will affect future mortality and the sources of uncertainty in projecting prospective changes in mortality remain unexplored. Using GIS (Geographic Information System) and epidemiological approaches, this study estimates excess future premature deaths in large urban areas in China resulting from potential increases in temperature under climate change. Our projection includes 51 large Chinese cities in this study, which cover approximately one third of the total population in China. We use ArcGIS to combine temperature predictions from climate models, local temperature-mortality relationship and population forecasting and project the future excess mortality attributed to higher temperature during warm season. The study focuses on future temperature change during 2040-2050 relative to the baseline period 1950-2000 in the 51 cities selected. For future temperature projection, we ensemble outputs from 19 climate models used in the IPCC 5th Report, including outputs related to all four AR5 emission scenarios (RCPs 2.6, 4.5, 6.0 and 8.5). The results of this study inform decision makers of the direct health benefits of climate mitigation.
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Wang, Wei J. "Monitoring the impact of surface coal mining on vegetation in southwestern Indiana using remote sensing and GIS." Virtual Press, 2008. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1399198.
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Surface coal mining leads to inevitable changes and notable impact on the physical environment of the earth and engenders immense damage to the landscape and the ecological environment. The dramatic high-speed rock digging and disturbance unavoidably causes ecosystem degradation and destruction. Detecting how surface coal mining affects the environment on the process of land use/cover change is one of the primary concerns to preserve nature and minimize the environmental impacts. Therefore, monitoring and understanding the environmental impact processes in mining areas is critical for sustainable management of the Earth's environment. In this thesis, remote sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) are applied to assess the spatial environmental impact caused by surface coal mining in southwestern Indiana. The goal of this research is to develop a methodology to classify the coal mining field using satellite imagery and to quantify and assess land use /cover changes using remote sensing and GIS. The specific methods include classification of Landsat Thermal Mapper (TM) data and comparison of the spatial patterns of the classification results in the study region. The results are presented with a 3-D model to better understand and visualize the coal mining effects on the landscape. Results obtained in this study indicate the change area of land use/cover and the potential area for planting crops in southwestern Indiana. Based on the observation of the data results, vegetation in the study area was found to have changed significantly over the study period. In particular, the developed areas have been increasing quickly and the areas of agriculture and forests have been decreasing appreciably.Department of Geography
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Huang, Junyi. "Investigation on landslide susceptibility using remote sensing and GIS methods." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2014. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/33.
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Landslides are one of the most destructive disasters that cause damage to both property and life every year. Various methodologies have been reported for landslide susceptibility mapping. Statistical methods are widely used to fit the mathematical relationship between observed landslides and the factors considered to influence the slope failure, and have shown remarkable accuracy. Among these models, frequency ratio and logistic regression models are the most popular for its simplicity and high accuracy. However, virtually all previous studies randomly extracted and reserved a portion of historical landslide records to perform the model evaluation. The purpose of this study are: 1) To produce a landslide susceptibility map for Lantau Island by GIS and remote sensing methods as well as statistical modeling techniques 2) To add extra value to the literature of evaluating their “prediction rate” (rather than “success rate”) for landslide susceptibility mapping in a temporal context. The mountainous terrain, heavy and prolonged rainfall, as well as dense development near steep hillsides make Hong Kong as one of the most vulnerable metropolitans to the risk of landslides. As there is an increasingly high demand for land resource to support the growth of economic and population, regional specific landslide susceptibility assessment in Hong Kong is necessary for hazard management and effective land use planning. Firstly, the spatial relationship among landslide occurrence and nine causative factors (elevation, slope aspect, slope gradient, plan curvature, profile curvature, NDVI, distance to river, SPI and lithology) were explored. The distribution of landslides on Lantau Island is largely governed by a combination of geo-environmental conditions, such as elevation of 200m-300m, slope gradient of 25°-35°, slope aspect of west or northwest, high degree of positive or negative plan curvature and profile curvature, sparse vegetation in terms of NDVI in 0.3-0.5 (shrub/grassland), proximity (0.6-1.2km) to fault line, presence of volcanic bedrocks (especially rhyolite lava and tuff) and high stream power index. Second, landslide susceptibility maps were generated by frequency ratio and logistic regression model, respectively. Validations of the mapping results were performed by calculating relative operating characteristics (ROC). The models, trained by 1,864 (70%) landslides records in the Enhanced Natural Terrain Landslide Inventory (ENTLI) from 2000 to 2008, were validated by subsequent 799 (30%) landslide occurred from 2008 to 2009. The validation result shows that logistic regression model (88.70%) possesses a better prediction power than frequency ratio model (78.00%) for the study area. The findings suggested that logistic regression analysis is more reliable for landslide susceptibility mapping. The resultant maps are expected to provide a scientific assessment of the risk areas with respect to landslides on Lantau Island, and to serve as a basis for decisions or justification of the Lantau development planning. Keywords: landslide susceptibility; frequency ratio; logistic regression; temporal verification; GIS; Hong Kong
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Grossi, Caetano Henrique [UNESP]. "Diagnóstico e monitoramento ambiental da microbacia hidrográfica do rio Queima-Pé, MT." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/101768.
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A disponibilidade de água doce na natureza é muito restrita sendo imprescindível sua preservação, controle e utilização racional. A constante destruição das matas ciliares associadas ao aumento no uso de defensivos agrícolas tem colaborado para o aumento do transporte de resíduos químicos e sedimentos para os cursos de água, causando além do seu assoreamento, poluição e contaminação. As estradas rurais, carreadores, bem como o manejo inadequado de terraços e curvas de nível têm impacto significativo no assoreamento de nascentes e córregos, servindo de caminho para o escoamento superficial ocasionando o início de processos erosivos. As matas ciliares, representadas pelas Áreas de Preservação Permanente, são protegidas desde a década de sessenta pelo Código Florestal, o qual define as florestas existentes no território nacional e as demais formas de vegetação como bens de interesse comum a todos os habitantes do País. Como a bacia hidrográfica é a unidade territorial para a implementação de políticas públicas de gerenciamento de recursos hídricos, o presente trabalho foi desenvolvido na microbacia hidrográfica do Rio Queima-Pé, única fonte de abastecimento de água do município de Tangará da Serra-MT. A área de estudo compreende 6.110,11 ha com um perímetro de 38 km. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi a modelagem espacial da área de estudo, com a confecção de mapas temáticos para facilitar a interpretação das informações ambientais. Em conjunto com a modelagem espacial, também foi realizado o monitoramento ambiental da qualidade das águas superficiais. Esse monitoramento teve como ferramenta, o Índice de Qualidade da Água (IQA). O IQA é determinado pelo produtório ponderado das qualidades de água correspondentes aos parâmetros: Oxigênio dissolvido, Demanda bioquímica de oxigênio...
The availability of fresh water is very restricted in nature; it is therefore mandatory that it be preserved, controlled and used rationally. The constant destruction of the riparian forests in association with the increase in the utilization of pesticides has helped increase the movement of residual chemicals and sediments towards the water courses, thus causing, in addition to its silting, pollution and contamination. The rural roads and internal roads, as well as the inappropriate handling of terraces and level curves has a significant impact in the silting of water springs and creeks; they serve as a track for the superficial flow, thus initiating the erosion processes. The riparian forests, represented by the Permanent Preservation Areas are protected by the Forest Cde, which defines the forests existing in the national territory, as well as the other forms of vegetation, as a common interest property of all in habitants in the Brazil. Since the hydrological basin is the territorial unit for the implementation of public policies for water resources, this work has been developed in the River Queima-Pé hydrological micro-basin, which is the only water supply for the city of Tangará da Serra-MT. The area under study encompasses 15,100 acres, with a perimeter of 23.6 miles. The purpose of this work is to perform the spatial modeling of the River Queima-Pé hydrological micro-basin, also preparing the theme maps, thus facilitating the interpretation of the environmental information. We have also performed an environmental monitoring of the surface waters. This monitoring used the Water Quality Index, WQI (IQA in Portuguese) as a tool. The WQI is determined by calculating the weighted multiplication of of the water qualities corresponding to the parameters: Dissolved Oxygen, Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Thermotolerant Coliforms... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
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Salap, Seda. "Development Of A Gis-based Monitoring And Management System For Underground Mining Safety." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12609815/index.pdf.
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Mine safety is of paramount concern to the mining industry. The generation of a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) which can administrate relevant spatial data and metadata of underground mining safety efficiently is a very vital issue in this sense. In an effort to achieve a balance of safety and productivity, GIS can contribute to the creation of a safe working environment in underground (U/G) mining. Such a system should serve to a continuous risk analysis and be designed for applications in case of emergency. Concept for safety should require three fundamental components, namely (i) constructive safety(ii) surveillance and maintenance
and (iii) emergency. The implementation has to be carried out in a Web-Based Geographic Information System. The process comprises first the safety concept as the application domain model and then a conceptual model was generated in terms of Entity- Relationship Diagrams. After the implementation of the logical model a user interface was developed and GIS was tested. Finally, one should deal with the question if it is possible to extend the method of resolution used to a national GIS infrastructure.
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Hannerz, Fredrik. "Making water information relevant on local to global scale : the role of information systems for integrated water management /." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology, Stockholm university, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-7431.
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Nyamugama, Adolph. "Monitoring carbon stocks in the sub-tropical thicket biome using remote sensing and GIS techniques : the case of the Great Fish River Nature Reserve and its environs, Eastern Cape province, South Africa." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020303.
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The subtropical thicket biome in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa has been heavily degraded and transformed due overutilization during the last century. The highly degraded and transformed areas exhibit a significant loss of above ground carbon stocks (AGC) and loss of SOC content. Information about land use /cover change and fragmentation dynamics is a prerequisite for measuring carbon stock changes. The main aim of this study is to assess the trends of land use/cover change, fragmentation dynamics, model the temporal changes of AGC stocks in the Great Fish River Nature Reserve and its environs from 1972 to 2010, quantify and map the spatial distribution of SOC concentrations in the partial subtropical thicket cover in the Great Fish River Nature Reserve and environs (communal rangelands). Multi-temporal analyses based on 1972 Landsat MSS, 1982 and 1992 Landsat TM, 2002 Landsat ETM and 2010 SPOT 5 High Resolution images were used for land use/cover change detection and fragmentation analysis. Object oriented post-classification comparison was applied for land use/cover change detection analysis. Fragmentation dynamics analysis was carried out by computing and analyzing landscape metrics in land use/cover classes. Landscape fragmentation analyses revealed that thicket vegetation has increasingly become fragmented, characterized by smaller less linked patches of intact thicket cover. Landscape metrics for intact thicket and degraded thicket classes reflected fragmentation, as illustrated by the increase in the Number of Patches (NP), Patch Density (PD), Landscape Shape Index (LSI), and a decrease in Mean Patch Size (MPS). The use of remote sensing techniques and landscape metrics was vital for the understanding of the dynamics of land use/cover change and fragmentation. Baseline land use/cover maps produced for 1972, 1982, 1992 2002 and 2010 and fragmentation analyses were then used for analyzing carbon stock changes in the study area. To model the temporal changes of AGC stocks in the Great Fish River Nature Reserve and its environs from 1972 to 2010, a method based on the integration of RS and GIS was employed for the estimation of AGC stocks in a time series. A non-linear regression model was developed using NDVI values generated from SPOT 5 HRG satellite imagery of 2010 as the independent variable and AGC stock estimates from field plots as the dependent variable. The regression model was used to estimate AGC stocks for the entire study area on the 2010 SPOT 5 HRG and also extrapolated to the 1972 Landsat MSS, 1982 and 1992 Landsat TM, and 2002 Landsat ETM. The AGC stocks for the period 1972 -1982, 1982-1992, 1992-200) and 2002-2010 were compared by means of change detection analysis. The comparison of AGC stocks was carried out at subtropical thicket class level. The results showed a decline of AGC stocks in all the classes from 1972 to 2010. Degraded and transformed thicket classes had the highest AGC stock losses. The decline of AGC stocks was attributed to thicket transformation and degradation which were caused by anthropogenic activities. To map and quantify SOC concentration in partial (fractional) thicket vegetation cover, the spectral reflectance of both thicket vegetation and bare-soils was measured in situ. Soil samples were collected from the sampling sites and transported to the laboratory for spectral reflectance and SOC measurements. Thicket vegetation and bare soil reflectance were measured using spectroscopy both in situ and under laboratory conditions. Their respective endmembers were extracted from ASTER imagery using the Pixel Purity Index (PPI). The endmembers were validated with in situ and laboratory thicket and bare-soil reflectance signatures. The spectral unmixing technique was applied to ASTER imagery to discriminate pure pixels of thicket vegetation and bare-soils; a residual spectral image was produced. The Residual Spectral Unmixing (RSU) procedure was applied to the residual spectral image to produce an RSU soil spectrum image. Partial Least Squares Regression (PSLR) model was developed using spectral signatures of a residual soil spectrum image as the independent variable and SOC concentration measured from soil samples as the dependent variable. The PSLR prediction model was used to predict SOC concentration on the RSU soil spectral image. The predicted SOC concentration was then validated with SOC concentration measured from the field plots. A Strong correlation (R2 = 0.82) was obtained between the predicted SOC concentration and the SOC concentration measured from field samples. The PSLR was then used to generate a map of SOC concentration for the Great Fish River Nature Reserve and its environs. Areas with very low SOC concentrations were found in the degraded communal villages, as opposed to the higher SOC values in the protected area. The results confirmed that RS techniques are key to estimating and mapping the spatial distribution of SOC concentration in partial subtropical thicket vegetation. Partial thicket vegetation has a huge influence on the soil spectra; it can influence the prediction of SOC concentration. The use of the RSU approach eliminates partial thicket vegetation cover from bare soil spectra. The residual soil spectrum image contains enough information for the mapping of SOC concentration. The technique has the potential to augment the applicability of airborne imaging spectroscopy for soil studies in the sub-tropical thicket biome and similar environments.
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Mierzwiak, Sara M. "The Development of the Contaminant Exceedance Rating System (CERS) for Comparing Groundwater Contaminant Data." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1345227410.
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Dehm, Dustin. "A Small Unmanned Aerial System (sUAS) Based Method for Monitoring Wetland Inundation & Vegetation." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1556713788128588.
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Vrana, Ric. "Monitoring urban land use transition with geographic information systems /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5668.
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Freitas, Charles Cesar Magno de. "Desenvolvimento de um sistema computacional para gera??o autom?tica de mapas de vulnerabilidade como ferramenta de aux?lio ?s a??es de preven??o ao derramamento de ?leo em ?reas costeiras." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2010. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/18805.
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Previous issue date: 2010-05-14The northern portion of the Rio Grande do Norte State is characterized by intense coastal dynamics affecting areas with ecosystems of moderate to high environmental sensitivity. In this region are installed the main socioeconomic activities of RN State: salt industry, shrimp farm, fruit industry and oil industry. The oil industry suffers the effects of coastal dynamic action promoting problems such as erosion and exposure of wells and pipelines along the shore. Thus came the improvement of such modifications, in search of understanding of the changes which causes environmental impacts with the purpose of detecting and assessing areas with greater vulnerability to variations. Coastal areas under influence oil industry are highly vulnerable and sensitive in case of accidents involving oil spill in the vicinity. Therefore, it was established the geoenvironmental monitoring of the region with the aim of evaluating the entire coastal area evolution and check the sensitivity of the site on the presence of oil. The goal of this work was the implementation of a computer system that combines the needs of insertion and visualization of thematic maps for the generation of Environmental Vulnerability maps, using techniques of Business Intelligence (BI), from vector information previously stored in the database. The fundamental design interest was to implement a more scalable system that meets the diverse fields of study and make the appropriate system for generating online vulnerability maps, automating the methodology so as to facilitate data manipulation and fast results in cases of real time operational decision-making. In database development a geographic area was established the conceptual model of the selected data and Web system was done using the template database PostgreSQL, PostGis spatial extension, Glassfish Web server and the viewer maps Web environment, the GeoServer. To develop a geographic database it was necessary to generate the conceptual model of the selected data and the Web system development was done using the PostgreSQL database system, its spatial extension PostGIS, the web server Glassfish and GeoServer to display maps in Web
A por??o setentrional do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte ? caracterizada por intensa din?mica costeira afetando ?reas com ecossistemas de alta sensibilidade ambiental. Nessa regi?o est?o instaladas as principais atividades socioecon?micas do Estado: ind?stria salineira, carcinicultura, fruticultura e ind?stria petrol?fera. A ind?stria petrol?fera sofre os percal?os da a??o da din?mica costeira que acarretada problemas como a eros?o e a exposi??o dos po?os e dutos instalados ao longo da faixa de praia. Deste modo, surgiu o ordenamento de tais modifica??es, na busca do entendimento das mudan?as geradoras de agress?es ao meio ambiente, em estudos sobre os impactos ambientais com o prop?sito de detectar e avaliar as ?reas com a maior vulnerabilidade ?s modifica??es. As ?reas costeiras sob influ?ncia petrol?fera se apresentam altamente vulner?veis e sens?veis em caso de acidentes com derramamento de ?leo nas proximidades. Portanto, foi estabelecido o monitoramento geoambiental da regi?o com o objetivo de avaliar toda a evolu??o costeira da ?rea e verificar a sensibilidade do local diante da presen?a do ?leo. O objetivo desse trabalho foi a implementa??o de um sistema computacional que atenda as necessidades de inser??o e visualiza??o de mapas tem?ticos para a gera??o, utilizando t?cnicas de Business Intelligence (BI), de Mapas de Vulnerabilidade Ambiental a partir de informa??es vetoriais previamente armazenadas no banco de dados. O interesse b?sico do projeto foi implementar um sistema mais escal?vel que atenda a diversas ?reas de estudo e tornar o sistema apropriado para gera??o on-line dos mapas de vulnerabilidade, automatizando a metodologia de forma a facilitar a manipula??o de dados e agilizar a obten??o de resultados em casos de tomadas de decis?es operacionais em tempo real. No desenvolvimento do banco de dados geogr?ficos foi estabelecido o modelo conceitual dos dados selecionados e o sistema Web foi feito usando o modelo de banco de dados PostgreSQL, sua extens?o espacial PostGis, o servidor web Glassfish e o visualizador de mapas em ambiente Web, o GeoServer
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Alaibakhsh, Masoomeh. "Digital change detection and separation of anthropogenic and natural impacts on ecohydrological conditions in the Pilbara region, WA." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2017. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1951.
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A deficiency in crucial digital data, such as vegetation cover, in remote regions is a challenging issue for sustainable water management and planning, especially for areas undergoing rapid development, such as mining in the Pilbara, Western Australia. This is particularly relevant to Inflow and Groundwater Dependent Vegetation (IGDVs) (riparian vegetation and groundwater dependent vegetation) which provide important ecological services and, as such, require regional protection. However, such invaluable assets experience changes over time due to either human activities such as land development or natural phenomena such as climate change or fire events.
The main objectives of this research was to 1) advance an approach to delineate inflow dependent ecosystems at a local scale; 2) adopt it to map the assets at regional scale using remotely sensed data (Landsat 5 TM imagery due to its appropriate temporal and spatial resolution for historical studies, 1986-2011), ground-truth data and available information such as reports, digital layer and climate data; 3) develop a method for identification and quantitative assessment of IGDVs changes and attribution of the changes to particular impacts or stressors, and 4) apply the developed change detection method to investigate and evaluate impacts of an adopted water resource management options on inflow dependent assets in the Pilbara.
Outcomes of the research exposed that the proposed delineation method allowed production of accurate inflow dependent ecosystems maps for the Pilbara bioregion. The change detection method was also effective in detecting various spatial and temporal scales of changes and separating anthropogenic and natural impacts. It was further discovered that climate has had significant impacts on the assets of the area.
The finding and information produced from this research is capable to aid government, industry and communities to consider the environmental, social, cultural and economic aspects of the sustainable use, development and management of land and water resources in arid and semiarid Pilbara, WA and areas with similar ecohydrological conditions. Four papers were prepared from the research, two are published and two are under review.
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Kwok, Ching-wa Rebecca. "The planning and monitoring of subtainable transport development with accessibiligy gap index using GIS." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B35736392.
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Basara, Heather Grace. "Development of an ecologically derived environmental health model using geographic information systems." Oklahoma City : [s.n.], 2006.
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Corbett, Erica A. Anderson Roger C. "Environmental and geographic correlates of Illinois remnant prairie." Normal, Ill. Illinois State University, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p9927766.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Illinois State University, 1999.Title from title page screen, viewed July 18, 2006. Dissertation Committee: Roger C. Anderson (chair), George F. Aspbury, Victoria A. Borowicz, Angelo P. Capparella, James Fralish. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 133-140) and abstract. Also available in print.
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Klinsky, Sonja. "Making and using environmental information : an analysis of the development and use of two GIS tools for public environmental engagement." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=83115.
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Following the admonition to "think globally, act locally" has proven difficult. Discussions of sustainability often remain at a local level without addressing global sustainability and yet the need for local engagement is well demonstrated. Using the case of Montreal's West Island, two environmental information tools were created and then evaluated on their ease of development, ability to be publicly engaging and ability to link the local and global scales. The first tool was a GIS visualization of sub-municipal ecological footprints and the second was a more conventional GIS 'atlas'. Focus groups were used to test the two tools. The atlas tool was considerably easier to create, and both tools succeeded in engaging participants. Focus group analysis does suggest however, that while local land-use based maps remain advantageous for exploring specific local and structural issues, local ecological footprints are better able to facilitate local-global linkages.
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Jaber, Salahuddin M. "Monitoring spatial variations in soil organic carbon using remote sensing and geographic information systems /." Available to subscribers only, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1208146891&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Ezekwem, Kenechukwu Chigozie. "Environmental Information Modeling: An Integration of Building Information Modeling and Geographic Information Systems for Lean and Green Developments." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2016. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/28195.
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Building Information Modeling (BIM), used by many for building design and construction, and Geographic Information GIS System (GIS), used for city planning, contain large spatial and attribute data which could be used for Lean and green city planning and development. However, there exist a systematic gap and interoperability challenge between BIM and GIS that creates a disjointed workflow between city planning data in GIS and building data in BIM. This hinders the seamless analysis of data between BIM and GIS for lean and green developments. This study targets the creation of a system which integrates BIM and GIS system data. The methods involve the establishment of a novel Environmental Information Modeling (EIM) framework to bridge the gap using Microsoft Visual C#. The application of this framework shows the potential of this concept. The research results provide an opportunity for more analysis for lean and green construction planning, development and management.
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Caccetta, Peter A. "Remote sensing, geographic information systems (GIS) and Bayesian knowledge-based methods for monitoring land condition." Thesis, Curtin University, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/868.
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This thesis considers various aspects of the use of remote sensing, geographical information systems and Bayesian knowledge-based expert system technologies for broad-scale monitoring of land condition in the Western Australian wheat belt.The use of remote sensing technologies for land condition monitoring in Western Australia had previously been established by other researchers, although significant limitations in the accuracy of the results remain. From a monitoring perspective, this thesis considers approaches for improving the accuracy of land condition monitoring by incorporating other data into the interpretation process.Digital elevation data provide one potentially useful source of information. The use of digital elevation data are extensively considered here. In particular, various methods for deriving variables relating to landform from digital elevation data and remotely sensed data are reviewed and new techniques derived.Given that data from a number of sources may need to be combined in order to produce accurate interpretations of land use/condition, methods for combining data are reviewed. Of the many different approaches available, a Bayesian approach is adopted.The approach adopted is based on relatively new developments in probabilistic expert systems. This thesis demonstrates how these new developments provide a unified framework for uniting traditional classification methods and methods for integrating information from other spatial data sets, including data derived from digital elevation models, remotely sensed imagery and human experts.Two applications of the techniques are primarily considered. Firstly, the techniques are applied to the task of salinity mapping/ monitoring and compared to existing techniques. Large improvements are apparent. Secondly, the techniques are applied to salinity prediction, an application not previously considered by other researchers in this domain. The results are encouraging. Finally limitations of the approach are discussed.
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Caccetta, Peter A. "Remote sensing, geographic information systems (GIS) and Bayesian knowledge-based methods for monitoring land condition." Curtin University of Technology, School of Computing, 1997. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=11018.
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This thesis considers various aspects of the use of remote sensing, geographical information systems and Bayesian knowledge-based expert system technologies for broad-scale monitoring of land condition in the Western Australian wheat belt.The use of remote sensing technologies for land condition monitoring in Western Australia had previously been established by other researchers, although significant limitations in the accuracy of the results remain. From a monitoring perspective, this thesis considers approaches for improving the accuracy of land condition monitoring by incorporating other data into the interpretation process.Digital elevation data provide one potentially useful source of information. The use of digital elevation data are extensively considered here. In particular, various methods for deriving variables relating to landform from digital elevation data and remotely sensed data are reviewed and new techniques derived.Given that data from a number of sources may need to be combined in order to produce accurate interpretations of land use/condition, methods for combining data are reviewed. Of the many different approaches available, a Bayesian approach is adopted.The approach adopted is based on relatively new developments in probabilistic expert systems. This thesis demonstrates how these new developments provide a unified framework for uniting traditional classification methods and methods for integrating information from other spatial data sets, including data derived from digital elevation models, remotely sensed imagery and human experts.Two applications of the techniques are primarily considered. Firstly, the techniques are applied to the task of salinity mapping/ monitoring and compared to existing techniques. Large improvements are apparent. Secondly, the techniques are applied to salinity prediction, an application not previously considered by ++other researchers in this domain. The results are encouraging. Finally limitations of the approach are discussed.
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Wilson, Michael Ray Hudak Paul F. "The proposed Fastrill Reservoir in East Texas a study using geographic information systems /." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2009. http://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc12214.
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Wangiyana, Wayan. "Environmental regionalisation for the identification of potential legume production areas on Lombok Island using geographic information system /." View thesis, 1994. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030627.111036/index.html.
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Thesis (Ms. Sc)--University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury, 1994."A thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science (Hons.) in Environmental Sciences." Includes bibliographical references (p. 170-177).
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Wilson, Michael Ray. "The proposed Fastrill Reservoir in east Texas: A study using geographic information systems." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2009. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc12214/.
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Geographic information systems and remote sensing software were used to analyze data to determine the area and volume of the proposed Fastrill Reservoir, and to examine seven alternatives. The controversial reservoir site is in the same location as a nascent wildlife refuge. Six general land cover types impacted by the reservoir were also quantified using Landsat imagery. The study found that water consumption in Dallas is high, but if consumption rates are reduced to that of similar Texas cities, the reservoir is likely unnecessary. The reservoir and its alternatives were modeled in a GIS by selecting sites and intersecting horizontal water surfaces with terrain data to create a series of reservoir footprints and volumetric measurements. These were then compared with a classified satellite imagery to quantify land cover types. The reservoir impacted the most ecologically sensitive land cover type the most. Only one alternative site appeared slightly less environmentally damaging.
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Li, Xia. "The integration of remote sensing and GIS in land development monitoring and sustainable land development modelling : a case study of Dongguan in the Pearl River Delta /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B17537411.
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Brink, Ester. "Geographical information systems for environmental impact assessment : a feasibility study." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96143.
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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study acknowledges the status quo in South Africa as a country in transformation. Leaders concur that people live under the spell of the evil triplets of poverty, inequality and unemployment amidst the need for development and economic growth. In order to initiate positive change, the 1996 Constitution of South Africa supports integrated environmental management (IEM) and sustainability principles towards ecological, economic and social compromise. Furthermore, the National Environmental Management Act (NEMA) was legislated in 1996 along with the mandatory environmental impact assessment (EIA) tool in 1998. Despite this legislation being of global standards, current discourse highlights the need for new strategies and tools to improve IEM. The constraint lies in the implementation of policy as the EIA process is limited by inconsistency and project specific focus. Fortuitously technology has developed to levels where web-based tools encourage spatial awareness and individual responsibility for the environment. Usage of participative GIS supported by best practice in governance has the potential to successfully drive IEM. This research builds on the integration of a policy instrument (EIA), spatial technology (GIS), development and human factors (people) as pillars of transdisciplinary methodology to collaborate and gather new information to expand knowledge and augment existing processes. The study objectives required rigorous research and involved a wide range of participants in a feasibility study to provide details of the viability of integrating GIS usage into EIA conduct in South Africa. Participants in the research were selected from the geographical scope of Cape Town and represent involved parties in EIA and potential users of GIS in EIA. The legislative scope is the Western Cape Province. Triangulation, a mixed method approach, was employed to collect and collate qualitative and quantitative information based on the opinions of involved parties in the IEM, EIA and GIS domains. Primary data collection methods included observation, fieldwork, informal, formal and focus group discussions as well as an e-mail questionnaire and a Likert scale e-survey. The knowledge gained was evaluated using SWOT and graphics. The findings indicated that the majority of participants agreed that technology and skills are available to design and develop a web-based application for GIS usage in EIA. However, from the outcome of the study the main challenge is not related to technical skills and capacity, but to align the EIA with IEM sustainability principles for effective decision making and self-regulation. It is therefore envisaged that web-based GIS usage in EIA based on IEM has the potential to reconnect the EIA process by uniting people in knowledge with easy access to information from a central data base repository to an on-line web-based platform that links time and space to inform decision making.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die uitgangspunt van hierdie studie is dat Suid-Afrika 'n land in transformasie is en die behoefte aan ontwikkeling en ekonomiese groei van kardinale belang is weens die armoede, ongelykheid en werkloosheid waaronder baie mense lei. Effektiewe omgewingsbestuur is uiters belangrik om omgewingsbesoedeling en agteruitgang te verhoed. Ten einde 'n positiewe verandering te inisieer, ondersteun die 1996 Grondwet van Suid-Afrika geïntegreerde omgewingsbestuur (GOB) en volhoubaarheidsbeginsels teenoor ekologiese, ekonomiese en sosiale kompromie. Die 1996 Nasionale Wet op Omgewingsbestuur (NEMA) het die omgewingsimpakstudie (OIS)-instrument in 1998 verpligtend verklaar. Die OIS wetgewing is gebaseer op hoë internasionale standaarde, maar ten spyte hiervan beklemtoon die huidige diskoers die behoefte aan nuwe strategieë om OIS in die praktyk effektief te belyn met die GOB beleid. Tans word die OIS proses beperk deur teenstrydigheid tussen gebruikers van die proses sowel as projekspesifieke fokus. Tegnologie het ontwikkel tot 'n vlak waar webgebaseerde GIS ruimtelike bewustheid aanmoedig en individuele verantwoordelikheid vir die omgewing aanbeveel en ondersteun word. Deelnemende GIS, ondersteun deur goeie regering, het die potensiaal om OIS en GOB suksesvol in die praktyk te implementer. Hierdie navorsing bou voort op die integrasie van 'n beleidsinstrument (OIS), ruimtelike tegnologie (GIS) asook ontwikkeling en menslike faktore (mense) en ondersteun die transdissiplinêre metodologie om nuwe inligtig te versamel en vryelik te deel. Die studiedoelwitte het streng navorsingsmetodologie vereis deur 'n wye verskeidenheid van deelnemers te betrek in 'n ondersoek na die haalbaarheid van die integrasie van GIS gebruik in OIS in Suid-Afrika. Deelnemers aan die navorsing is gekies uit die geografiese domein van Kaapstad en was betrokke partye in omgewingsbestuur en potensiële gebruikers van GIS in OIS. Die wetgewende domein is die Wes-Kaap. 'n Gemengde-metode benadering is gevolg om kwalitatiewe en kwantitatiewe inligting te versamel en was gebaseer op die menings van die betrokke partye in die IEM, OIE en GIS terreine. Die kennis is geëvalueer met behulp van SWOT analise en grafika. Die bevindinge dui aan dat die meerderheid van die deelnemers saamstem dat tegnologie en vaardigheid beskikbaar is om 'n program vir GIS-gebruik in OIS te ontwikkel. Die uitslag van die studie dui daarop dat die grootste uitdaging vir effektiewe besluitneming en self-regulering nie verband hou met tegniese vaardighede en kapasiteit nie, maar om die OIS te verenig met GOB-volhoubaarheid beginsels. Die vooruitsig is dus dat web-gebaseerde GIS gebruik in OIS gebaseer op GOB die potensiaal het om mense met kennis te verenig en omgewingsbestuur effektief in te lig.
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FitzGerald, Scott T. 1974. "Use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to aid in siting dredged material disposal areas." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/50059.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Technology and Policy Program, 1998.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 60-62).
Dredging of the ports and waterways in the United States has implications for the economy and military preparedness and is hampered by a lack of disposal areas. Current dredged material disposal site selection methodologies have several limitations, such as a lack of early public involvement in the decision making process, inadequate documentation of the assumptions entering into decisions, lack of a holistic view, and inadequate consensus building among stakeholders. The use of an interactive Geographic Information System (GIS) approach to site dredged material disposal areas is seen as a way of updating and improving current site selection methodologies. There were three specific goals of this project: 1. To develop a management approach to improve the identification and selection of dredged material disposal sites; 2. To use GIS technology as a tool to facilitate the implementation and use of that approach; and 3. To evaluate the use of GIS technology and the new approach in siting dredged disposal areas. Any useful site selection methodology must acknowledge that site selection is an inherently political process based on interpretations and perceptions of the underlying science. A two part process for evaluating, ranking, and weighting data was adopted as an effective management methodology. This process allows for public involvement built upon good science and scientific interpretation of data. The development of an interactive GIS provides the tools needed to implement this methodology. The use of visual analysis, a holistic approach, and better documentation of the assumptions inherent in any decision contribute to adaptive management of disposal areas. In addition, the interactive capability of the GIS tool allows 'what if' scenarios to be examined and allows users to immediately understand the various factors affecting disposal site location and to examine the tradeoffs inherent in any siting decision. Feedback from public demonstrations of the proposed methodology confirms that this approach to siting disposal areas is an improvement over current methods. Because it aids consensus building and fosters an adaptive management approach, this methodology has the potential to site disposal areas with less time, cost, and opposition, resulting in a better selection.
by Scott T. FitzGerald.
S.M.
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Kapo, Katherine E. "Eco-Epidemiological Analysis for Screening-Level Ecological Risk Assessment: A Geographic Information Systems Approach." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1246903901.
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Mazumdar, Sohinee. "Geographic information systems in the application of precision agriculture for sustainable sugarcane production in the Republic of Panama." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=18772.
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Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have revolutionized the development of the sophisticated resource management method known as Precision Agriculture (PA). PA involves the wise management of agricultural inputs based on knowledge of soil and plant health heterogeneity over a field, in order to minimize environmental impact and increase economic efficiency. A GIS platform was created as the basis of PA implementation at Azucarera Nacional sugarcane plantation in Panama. Field data collection took place over two years, from 2005 to 2006. A digital map of Mangote plantation was created and linked to production records. Detailed field sampling was also conducted on seven parcels of Mangote plantation, including soil conductivity monitoring and plant chlorophyll monitoring. Data was spatially interpolated to create raster coverages. Soil salinity variation within some parcels studied justifies the creation of soil salinity management zones. Salinity zones were found to be relatively stable over the study period and in general conductivity at a depth was higher than at the surface. The root mean square errors obtained using Inverse Distance Weighting as opposed to Ordinary Kriging did not vary greatly, and hence it is recommended to use the simpler method (IDW) at the study site. Plant chlorophyll profiles revealed nitrogen deficiencies in some study parcels. Plant chlorophyll also showed within parcel variability as well as variability over the study period. No direct spatial correlation was found between conductivity readings and plant chlorophyll readings, although parcels with extreme salinity showed depressed chlorophyll values. The ground-based chlorophyll sampling showed no correlation with NDVI, however the NDVI coverages were deemed useful for the visual identification of plant stress. In general, GIS based management shows promise in improving Azucarera Nacional's agricultural efficiency.Les systèmes d'information géographiques (SIG) a révolutionné l'élaboration de la méthode sophistiquée de gestion connue sous le nom d'agriculture de précision (AP). L'AP implique la gestion sage des entrées agricoles basées sur la connaissance de l'hétérogénéité de santé de sol et des récoltes dans un champ, afin de réduire au minimum les impactes sur l'environnement et augmenter l'efficacité économique. Une plateforme de SIG a été créée comme base d'exécution de AP à la plantation de canne à sucre d'Azucarera Nacional au Panama. La collection de données a eu lieu sur deux ans, de 2005 à 2006. Une carte digitale de la plantation Mangote a été créée et liée aux dossiers de production. Le prélèvement de données dans le champ a été conduit sur sept champs particuliers de la plantation Mangote, quel incluse une enquête de conductivité de sol et des mesures de chlorophylle. Des données ont été interpolées pour créer des surfaces continues. La variation considérable de salinité de sol dans quelques champs étudiés justifie la création des zones de gestion de salinité de sol. Des zones de gestion de salinité sont relativement stables au cours de la période d'étude et en général la conductivité à une profondeur est plus haute que sur la surface. Les erreurs quadratiques moyenne obtenues en utilisant IDW, en comparaison avec OK, n'ont pas changé considérablement et par conséquent on lui recommande l'IDW comme l'option le plus simple. Les profils de chlorophylle ont indiquées insuffisances d'azote pour quelques champs. Les profiles de chlorophylle ont également montrée la variabilité dedans les champs, aussi bien que la variabilité au cours de la période d'étude. Aucune corrélation directe n'a été trouvé entre les lectures de conductivité et les lectures de chlorophylle bien qu'en général les champs avec la salinité extrême aient montré des valeurs diminuées de chlorophylle. Le système de pr
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Tantram, Dominic A. S. "Mapping the countryside : information for policy and management." Thesis, University of Northampton, 2001. http://nectar.northampton.ac.uk/3001/.
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There is an increasing demand for information for the rational assessment and reporting of the state the environment, to detect change and to assess the effectiveness of policy or management measures. The research investigated the use of information by conservation organisations through case studies in the Statutory Nature Conservation Agencies and the North York Moors National Park. The results highlighted a number of key problems in the organisational use of information and in the content and utility of the data available. These included the lack of an organisational culture of information use, imperfect knowledge and utilisation of available data, the need to meet changing information demands and the requirement to produce comparable local, regional and national habitat stock estimates. Many of the data deficiencies highlighted would appear to be met by the Countryside Survey (CS) initiative. Despite offering potentially suitable data, with a combination of an environmental stratification (the ITE land class system), field survey and remotely sensed data, this source was little used. Thus, the study sought to assess the scope for comparing CS data with other habitat estimates and for improving the accuracy of these data through the use of Geographical Information Systems (GIS). Three main techniques were employed, modified areal weighting, modified areal weighting with control zones and intelligent weighting’ a hybrid approach in which Land Cover Map of Great Britain (LCMGB) data were employed to redistribute Countryside Survey 1990 (CS9O) totals within ITE land classes. The research found that sub-land class estimates from CS9O data could be improved in some circumstances. In most cases, LCMGB provided better estimates of habitat location and quantity than CS9O. In a few cases, the intelligent weighting method improved the interpolation of CS9O estimates. It is suggested that regional habitat estimates may be improved further through greater within-land class differentiation, an increase in within-land class sampling intensity or stratification and the further development of the LCMGB. The problems faced in integrating, analysing and using available geographic data are considered and conclusions presented
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Boettner, John Lewis. "Environmental justice through pollution prevention development of a quantitative method to assess community vulnerability and air emission hazard for optimal impact /." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2002. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2495.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2002.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 137 p. : ill. (some col.), col. maps. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 104-105).
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Kwok, Ching-wa Rebecca, and 郭清華. "The planning and monitoring of subtainable transport development with accessibiligy gap index using GIS." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B35736392.
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Kurka, Thomas. "An integrated method of environmental assessment coupling a geographic information system to multi-criteria analyysis." Thesis, Abertay University, 2014. https://rke.abertay.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/0e515420-4421-4638-8e4e-404664f4049d.
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This thesis develops and applies an integrated method of environmental assessment that couples a geographic Information system (GIS) to Multi-Criteria Analysis (MCA), using bioenergy combustion and CHP sites as a case study. A literature review to identify the gaps in knowledge with respect to spatial MCA and GIS-based approaches to support decision-making and sustainability assessments shows the need for an approach to identify suitable locations for Combined Heat and Power (CHP) plants using bioenergy combustion and to analyse spatial aspects. CHP plants can improve the efficiency and sustainability of bioenergy generation because they are capable of producing and utilising both electrical and thermal energy. Identifying suitable locations for these, typically decentralised, plants is crucial but challenging because proximity to both feedstock supply and heat demand has to be considered. The thesis develops and applies a novel GIS-based approach to identify suitable locations for CHP bioenergy plants and to analyse spatial aspects. This work stands out as the principal novel contribution of the research presented in this thesis. The science-based technical assessment can be integrated in a formal and structured decision support framework (DSF) which could aid environmental decision-making. There is no single right way to conduct a decision-making process because every process is limited by resources and timelines. The environmental assessment case study described in this thesis uses a modified version of the MCA framework proposed by the Department for Communities and Local Government (2009). The GIS-based approach is integrated in this DSF to couple GIS to MCA. Additionally, specific attention is given to reviewing and selecting sustainability aspects (covering Criteria and Indicators) and MCA methods. These processes are also integrated in the DSF and can be seen as being part of the problem structuring phase of the DSF used in the research presented in this thesis. It is shown how the DSF is applied to assess alternatives for centralised and decentralised generation in a research case study region. By applying the different stages of the DSF, including the GIS-based approach, the selection processes and a selected MCA method (Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)), it can be concluded that the decentralised alternatives should be preferred in the research case study scenarios if regional sustainable bioenergy generation wants to be archived. In the first scenario, the second alternative (A2) clearly dominates with an overall score of 71.82% (A1: 28.18%). However, the results are relatively close in the second scenario (A3: 56.62%, A4: 43.38%), which is mainly due to the similarity of the alternatives in the scenario. The sensitivity analyses show that the rankings of alternatives do not change in both scenarios unless major criteria weight variations or performance adjustments are made.
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McNinch, Michael D. "Geographic Information System Applications for Water Distribution Asset Management." Connect to resource online, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1254859492.
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Sill, Paul E. (Paul Eric). "Assessing Regional Gully Erosion Risk: A Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems Approach." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1995. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332453/.
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Gully erosion has been established as a major source of sediment pollution in the upper Trinity River watershed in north-central Texas. This fact, along with a lack of models appropriate for a large-area gully erosion analysis established a need for a gully erosion study in the upper Trinity basin. This thesis project attempted to address this need by deriving an index indicative of gully erosion risk using remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) methodology. In context of previous field studies, the coarse spatial resolution of the input GIS data layers presented a challenge to prediction of gully prone areas. However, the remote sensing/GIS approach was found to provide useful reconnaissance information on gully risk over large areas.
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Rainis, Ruslan B. "Linking land capability/suitability analysis with environmental models using geographic information systems : an iterative modeling approach." The Ohio State University, 1991. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1240405674.
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Rainis, Ruslan. "Linking land capability/suitability analysis with environmental models using geographic information systems : an iterative modeling approach /." The Ohio State University, 1991. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487687485810661.
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Hartkorn, Janice M. "Using Geographic Information Systems to Select Sites for Wetland Restoration in West Central Ohio’s Agricultural Areas." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1208432317.
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Grayson, Thomas H. (Thomas Howard). "Modeling and visualizing transit accessibility : an approach based on geographic information systems and relational database technology." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/66751.
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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, and Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1993.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 198-202).
by Thomas H. Grayson.
M.C.P.
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Wilmot, Peter Nicholas. "Modelling cooling tower risk for Legionnaires' Disease using Bayesian Networks and Geographic Information Systems." Title page, contents and conclusion only, 1999. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SIS.M/09sismw744.pdf.
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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 115-120) Establishes a Bayesian Belief Network (BBN) to model uncertainty of aerosols released from cooling towers and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to create a wind dispersal model and identify potential cooling towers as the source of infection. Demonstrates the use of GIS and BBN in environmental epidemiology and the power of spatial information in the area of health.
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Harrower, Michael James. "Environmental versus social parameters, landscape, and the origins of irrigation in Southwest Arabia (Yemen)." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1135738900.
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Johnson, Laura Young. "Evaluation of Bureau of Land Management Protocols for Monitoring Stream Condition." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45202.
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The goal of the Aquatic Indicators of Land Condition (AILC) project is to develop analytical tools that integrate land condition information with stream condition for improved watershed management within the United States Bureau of Land Management (BLM). Based on the goal of the AILC, two objectives for this study were: to determine the effect of four GIS-derived distance measurements on potential relationships between common BLM landscape stressors (mining and grazing) and changes in benthic macroinvertebrate community structure; and to assess the effectiveness of individual questions on a commonly-used Bureau-wide qualitative stream assessment protocol, the proper functioning condition (PFC) assessment.
The four GIS distance measurements assessed for biotic relevance included: straight-line distance, slope distance, flow length, and travel time. No significant relationships were found between the measured distance to stressor and macroinvertebrate community structure. However, the hydrological relevance of flow length and travel time are logically superior to straight-line and slope distance and should be researched further.
Several individual questions in the PFC assessment had statistically significant relationships with the final reach ratings and with field-measured characteristics. Two of the checklist questions were significantly related to the number of cow droppings. This may indicate a useful and efficient measure of stream degradation due to grazing. The handling and use of the PFC assessment within the BLM needs further documentation and examination for scientific viability, and the addition of quantitative measurements to the PFC in determining restoration potential would be desirable.Master of Science
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Bryant, Ross Becker 1957. "Laser light scattering and geographic information systems: Advanced methods for soil particle size analysis and data display." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278039.
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Laser light scattering (LLS) is an alternate method for determining soil particle size. Since the majority of information on particle size analysis has traditionally been derived from sedimentation methods, it is important to be able to draw a relationship between these two methods. Twenty four soil samples from a set of 214 samples analyzed by LLS were selected and also analyzed using sedimentation techniques. Particle size percentages were obtained in five different size ranges and then these two techniques were compared. Linear regression equations were developed that convert numbers obtained from the LLS method to a pipette analysis equivalent. This data was then utilized to eliminate the variation of soil moisture due to soil texture to obtain a moisture content independent of soil moisture. This "adjusted moisture" was displayed on a geographic information system to locate areas in the soil profile where soil moisture is relatively high. The high "adjusted moisture" contents occurred predominately below 2.44 meters (8 ft.) depths suggesting that the pre-irrigation applied to this soil reached this depth.
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McIntyre, Emma. "Evaluating the use of GIS by public participants in environmental decision-making processes a case study approach /." Access electronically, 2007. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20080616.132630/index.html.
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Baca, Joaquín Javier. "Integrating spatial thinking into the curriculum through geographic information systems and the Santa Ana River watershed." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2007. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3203.
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Lesson plans were developed in order to address the inter-disciplinary nature inherent in environmental education by drawing on place-based learning approaches and relating natural and human made aspects of watershed dynamics.
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Thapinta, Anat. "Use of geographic information systems for assessing ground water pollution potential by pesticides in central Thailand." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2002. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3205/.
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This study employed geographic information systems (GIS) technology to evaluate the vulnerability of groundwater to pesticide pollution. The study area included three provinces (namely, Kanchana Buri, Ratcha Buri, and Suphan Buri) located in the western part of central Thailand. Factors used for this purpose were soil texture, percent slope, primary land use, well depth, and monthly variance of rainfall. These factors were reclassified to a common scale showing potential to cause groundwater contamination by pesticides. This scale ranged from 5 to 1 which means high to low pollution potential. Also, each factor was assigned a weight indicating its influence on the movement of pesticides to groundwater. Well depth, the most important factor in this study, had the highest weight of 0.60 while each of the remaining factors had an equal weight of 0.10. These factors were superimposed by a method called “arithmetic overlay” to yield a composite vulnerability map of the study area. Maps showing relative vulnerability of groundwater to contamination by pesticides were produced. Each of them represented the degree of susceptibility of groundwater to be polluted by the following pesticides: 2,4-D, atrazine, carbofuran, dicofol, endosulfan, dieldrin & aldrin, endrin, heptachlor & heptachlor epoxide, total BHC, and total DDT. These maps were compared to groundwater quality data derived from actual observations. However, only the vulnerability maps of atrazine, endosulfan, total BHC, and heptachlor & heptachlor epoxide showed the best approximation to actual data. It was found that about 7 to 8%, 83 to 88% and 4.9 to 8.7% of the study area were highly, moderately, and lowly susceptible to pesticide pollution in groundwater, respectively. In this study a vulnerability model was developed, which is expressed as follow: V = 0.60CW + 0.10CS + 0.10CR + 0.10CL + 0.10CSL. Its function is to calculate a vulnerability score for a certain area. The factor “V” in the model represents the vulnerability score of a certain area, whereas CW, CS, CR, CL, and CSL represent the values or classes assigned to well depth, soil texture, monthly variance of rainfall, primary land use, and percent slope in that area.