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Journal articles on the topic 'Environmental law – Europe, Eastern'

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Published: 10 March 2023

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1

Bloom, Jane L., and Mark A. Silberman. "Recent developments in environmental law in Eastern Europe." Environmental Claims Journal 5, no. 1 (September 1992): 117–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10406029209355057.

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2

Lidstone, John. "Geographical and Environmental Education in South-eastern Europe." International Research in Geographical and Environmental Education 13, no. 1 (May 15, 2004): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10382040408668792.

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3

Goldenman, Gretta. "Environmental Barriers to Foreign Investment in Eastern Europe: Myths and Mistakes." Review of European Community and International Environmental Law 2, no. 1 (March 1993): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9388.1993.tb00083.x.

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4

Boyd, James. "Environmental liability reform and privatization in Central and Eastern Europe." European Journal of Law and Economics 3, no. 1 (March 1996): 39–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00149082.

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5

Costi, Alberto. "Environmental justice and sustainable development in Central and Eastern Europe." European Environment 8, no. 4 (July 1998): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-0976(199807/08)8:4<107::aid-eet162>3.0.co;2-u.

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6

Dusik, Jiri, and Barry Sadler. "Reforming strategic environmental assessment systems: lessons from Central and Eastern Europe." Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal 22, no. 2 (June 2004): 89–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3152/147154604781766003.

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7

Farmer, Andrew M. "A New Network to Aid Enforcement of Environmental Laws in Central and Eastern Europe and Central Asia." European Energy and Environmental Law Review 8, Issue 1 (January 1, 1999): 15–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eelr1999003.

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A new international network (ECAINECE) of environmental law enforcement agencies was established in May 1998 covering countries of central and eastern Europe and Central Asia. It is different from existing European networks (e.g. IMPEL) in not focusing on a common set of legislation, but shares common goals of exchange of information and experience. Success of the network would significantly aid the development of environmental law and its enforcement in non EU accession transition states.

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8

Turnock, David. "The Role of NGOs in Environmental Education in South-eastern Europe." International Research in Geographical and Environmental Education 13, no. 1 (May 15, 2004): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10382040408668800.

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9

Auer, Matthew R., Rafael Reuveny, and Lisa Adler. "Environmental Liability and Foreign Direct Investment in Central and Eastern Europe." Journal of Environment & Development 10, no. 1 (March 2001): 5–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107049650101000102.

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10

Baumgartl, Bernd. "“Only” a guideline: The environmental action program for Central and Eastern Europe." Environmental Impact Assessment Review 14, no. 2-3 (March 1994): 147–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0195-9255(94)90031-0.

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11

MacDonald, Karen E. "The Tree-lined Road to EU Accession – The Approximation of Environmental Law in Lithuania." European Energy and Environmental Law Review 15, Issue 8/9 (August 1, 2006): 248–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eelr2006025.

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In March 1998 the European Union (EU) formally launched a negotiation process by which to further enlarge the EU, having, in the preceding years, invited several former Soviet-influenced countries from Central and Eastern Europe (CEE), along with Cyprus, Malta and Turkey, to participate in accession to the EU if they so wished. This article is concerned with Lithuania’s accession to the EU, the process of approximating EU environmental law and the legislative intricacies involved therein. The paper critiques the process of enlargement of the European Union from a largely pragmatic legal perspective through a legal case-study examination of Lithuania’s efforts in approximating the environmental acquis into national law. Lithuania was an accession state from Central Europe and acceded to the EU on May 1st 2004. This paper provides insight into and guidance upon the process of the approximation of environmental law as it may relate, or has related, to other accession countries. It highlights the practical steps and the route of accession to the EU along with the legal requirements contained therein.

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12

Steger, Tamara, and Richard Filcak. "Articulating the Basis for Promoting Environmental Justice in Central and Eastern Europe." Environmental Justice 1, no. 1 (March 2008): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/env.2008.0501.

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13

Layard, Antonia. "The European Energy Charter Treaty: Tipping the Balance between Energy and the Environment." European Energy and Environmental Law Review 4, Issue 5 (May 1, 1995): 150–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eelr1995033.

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This article examines the environmental implications of the European Energy Charter Treaty together with the Energy Efficiency and Nuclear Protocols. It considers their provisions in light of existing developments in international environmental law and policy. It concludes that as the primary aim of the Treaty was to stimulate trade in the former Soviet Union and Eastern Europe it is unsurprising that the Treaty has relied more on hortatory statements and guidance than on implementing concrete environmental protection measures.

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14

Clarke, Julia, and E. E. (Liz) Walley. "Saints and sinners: the environmental stance of multinationals in eastern and western Europe." European Environment 8, no. 6 (November 1998): 202–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-0976(199811/12)8:6<202::aid-eet172>3.0.co;2-i.

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15

MacDonald, Karen E. "Legal Transposition and Implementation Frameworks for Lithuanian Approximation of EU Environmental Law." European Energy and Environmental Law Review 15, Issue 10 (October 1, 2006): 277–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eelr2006028.

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In March 1998 the European Union (EU) formally launched a negotiation process by which to further enlarge the EU, having, in the preceding years, invited several former Soviet-influenced countries from Central and Eastern Europe (CEE), along with Cyprus, Malta and Turkey, to participate in accession to the EU if they so wished. This is the second of two articles concerned with Lithuania’s accession to the EU, the process of approximating EU environmental law and the legislative intricacies involved therein. The first paper critiqued the process of enlargement of the European Union from a largely pragmatic legal perspective through a legal case-study examination of Lithuania’s efforts in approximating the environmental acquis into national law. Lithuania was an accession state from Central Europe and acceded to the EU on 1 May 2004. The first paper provided insight into and guidance upon the process of the approximation of environmental law as it may relate, or has related, to other accession countries. It highlights the practical steps and the route of accession to the EU along with the legal requirements contained therein.This second paper focuses more specifically upon the actual implementation and related strategic aspects revealed in Lithuania’s efforts to approximate EU environmental law by reference to best practice, as developed by the lead author, for the EU.

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16

Papadimitriou, Fivos. "Geographical and Environmental Education in South-eastern Europe: Geopolitical Developments and Educational Prospects." International Research in Geographical and Environmental Education 13, no. 1 (May 15, 2004): 56–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10382040408668793.

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17

Balaban, Vladislav. "Environmental decision-making in Central and Eastern Europe: Introduction to the special issue." Environmental Impact Assessment Review 14, no. 2-3 (March 1994): 75–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0195-9255(94)90025-6.

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18

Schwager, Stefan. "Book Review: Transnational Politics of the Environment: The European Union and Environmental Policy in Central and Eastern Europe, Restoring Cursed Earth: Appraising Environmental Policy Reforms in Eastern Europe and Russia." Journal of Environment & Development 13, no. 4 (December 2004): 438–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1070496504271816.

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19

Harb, Amanda Lilah. "All Roads (Used To) Lead to Brussels: The Future of EU-Created Environmental Law in Eastern Europe." European Energy and Environmental Law Review 24, Issue 6 (December 1, 2015): 144–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eelr2015014.

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20

Goldman, Marshall I. "New Journal on Environmental Policy in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe." Environmental Conservation 15, no. 3 (1988): 272–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892900029477.

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21

Clark, T. N. "Local Democracy and Innovation in Eastern Europe." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 11, no. 2 (June 1993): 171–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c110171.

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In this paper, the transition to democracy by Eastern European local governments is outlined. First, the 1990 elections are analyzed, the first democratic elections in half a century. Strategies of candidates and parties to gain power, and pressures toward privatization and economic development are discussed, drawing on fieldwork by Eastern European teams in the Local Democracy and Innovation Project. To clarify future directions of these new democracies, eight options are discussed—reliance on the traditional Soviet model, unions, clientelism, ethnic or regional identification, the church, the populist leader, voluntary associations, and the new political culture. These eight options constitute distinct rules of eight separate games. Rather than a single game or model predominating, continuity in these eight over time is expected. Still, the first games are likely to be superseded by those further down the list.

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22

Tomoszková, Veronika. "Umweltschutzrecht in Tschechien." osteuropa recht 67, no. 3 (2021): 298–317. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0030-6444-2021-3-298.

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After 40 years of a totalitarian regime, the state of the environment in Czechoslovakia was catastrophic. The revolutions that swept through Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) in 1989/1990, including Czechoslovakia, sparked enthusiastic hopes for a better, democratic and perhaps “greener” future for this region. The major strategic goal of all the post-communist CEE countries was to join the European Union. The “eastern” enlargement was to take place under strict conditions in order to ensure that the EU does not suffer the negative consequences of an ill-prepared expansion. In the light of joining the EU, Czechoslovakia managed to adopt the whole series of progressive environmental legislation. However, after the parliamentary elections in June 1992 and the split of Czechoslovakia, environmental protection had to give way to economic growth and the overall transformation of society. This paper describes the development of Czech environmental law from a legal and a political perspective, providing examples illustrating the Czech Republic’s performance in implementing the EU environmental law and policy. After 17 years of membership in the EU, the Czech Republic and the implementation of the EU environmental law is still in conditional mode - the availability of the EU funds is the main leverage and motive to comply with the EU law.

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23

Shkaruba, Anton, Hanna Skryhan, Olga Likhacheva, Viktar Kireyeu, Attila Katona, Sergey Shyrokostup, and Kalev Sepp. "Environmental drivers and sustainable transition of dachas in Eastern Europe: An analytical overview." Land Use Policy 100 (January 2021): 104887. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2020.104887.

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24

Goldthau, Andreas, and Benjamin K. Sovacool. "Energy Technology, Politics, and Interpretative Frames: Shale Gas Fracking in Eastern Europe." Global Environmental Politics 16, no. 4 (November 2016): 50–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/glep_a_00375.

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This article explores competing interpretive frames regarding shale gas in Bulgaria, Poland, and Romania. These countries face the choice of embracing shale gas as a potential revolutionizing domestic source of energy, against the backdrop of Russia serving as the dominant gas supplier. This makes them interesting cases for studying how policy narratives and discourses coalesce around a novel technology. The findings, which are based on sixty-six semistructured research interviews, point to differing and indeed competing frames, ranging from national security, environmental boons to economic sellout and authoritarianism, with different sets of institutions sharing those frames. This suggests that enhancing energy security by way of deploying novel energy technologies such as shale gas fracking is not simply a function of resource endowments and technological progress. Instead, it is the result of complex dynamics unfolding among social stakeholders and the related discursive processes, which eventually will determine whether—or not—shale gas will go global.

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25

Panayotou, Theodore, Randall A. Bluffstone, and Vladislav Balaban. "Lemons and liabilities: Privatization, foreign investment, and environmental liability in Central and Eastern Europe." Environmental Impact Assessment Review 14, no. 2-3 (March 1994): 157–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0195-9255(94)90032-9.

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26

Hargreaves, Pamela, and Neil Hawke. "Financing Environmental Improvement: the Use of Environmental Funds in EU and CEE Countries." European Energy and Environmental Law Review 12, Issue 4 (April 1, 2003): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eelr2003017.

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Summary: The purpose of this article is to examine the design, operation and effectiveness of environmental funds concentrating particularly on those funds whose role is aimed at the second category of protection, improvement and enhancement. The article examines specific examples of environmental funds in Central and Eastern Europe and compares them with established and emerging funds in the UK and other European jurisdictions. That comparison will necessarily refer to the status and effect of the ``polluter pays'' principle as a variety of economic instrument. This principle allows an appreciation of the extent to which fund-based arrangements in the environment achieve efficiency and effectiveness where (for example) pollution charges are a source of fund income which may in turn be available for environmental protection, improvement and enhancement.

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27

Koutaissoff, Elisabeth. "Environmental Problems in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union: Review of Recent Studies." Environmental Conservation 13, no. 1 (1986): 4–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892900035803.

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28

Bird, R. M., and C. Wallich. "Local Finance and Economic Reform in Eastern Europe." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 12, no. 3 (September 1994): 263–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c120263.

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Extensive decentralization, both political and fiscal, is taking place in many of the countries newly emerging from behind the socialist veil. Decentralization represents both a reaction from below to the previously tight political control from the center and an attempt from above to further the privatization of the economy and to relieve the strained fiscal situation of the central government. Although there are of course many variations in this process from country to country, some important common elements arise from the similar institutional starting point in all countries and the common transitional problems most of them are facing. The on-going reforms of subnational finance in the transitional economies are more important than seems generally to be recognized. The design of a well-functioning intergovernmental fiscal system is key to many of the major reform goals of the transition economies—macroeconomic stability, privatization, and the social safety net.

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29

Jenkins, Tim. "The changing face of central and Eastern Europe and the role of the environmental movement." European Environment 1, no. 4 (July 6, 2007): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eet.3320010402.

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30

WILSON, ELIZABETH, and DANA ŠVIHLOVÁ. "DEVELOPING MUNICIPAL CAPACITY FOR EIA IN SLOVAKIA." Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 01, no. 04 (December 1999): 489–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1464333299000363.

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Effective implementation of environmental policy proves difficult in many countries. Even where there is a comprehensive policy framework, the capacity for implementation at the local level may be weak. In some countries of central and eastern Europe, such as Slovakia, local government has acquired new environmental responsibilities, but lacks the capacity for exercising these roles. The Slovakian environmental impact assessment (EIA) law, for example, gives local government a role as a channel for public comment. However, most municipalities lack the technical expertise or political experience to play an effective role in the EIA process. This paper describes a project supported by the UK Know-How Fund with Slovakian partners to develop municipal capacity. It offers a preliminary evaluation of the effectiveness of the programme, and emphasises the need for training in EIA to relate to municipalities' other environmental responsibilities. It draws some conclusions on cross-national learning between local government in central and western Europe.

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31

Kantarek, Anna Agata. "PLOT BY PLOT URBANISM. THE AREA AROUND THE FORMER SLAUTHERHOUSE IN KRAKOW." Space&FORM 2022, no. 52 (December 11, 2022): 143–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.21005/pif.2022.52.c-01.

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The main objective of this research is to map the morphological changes in the selected area of Krakow after the political changes in Poland and Eastern Europe in 1989. The development described was conditioned by changes in urban law in Poland, which led to a situation of no general rules at Masterplan level, what we have termed plot by plot urbanism.

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32

Pickvance, C. G. "Decentralization and Democracy in Eastern Europe: A Sceptical Approach." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 15, no. 2 (June 1997): 129–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c150129.

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The author focuses on the link between local government decentralization and democracy in Eastern Europe. It is shown that decentralization is a multidimensional concept and that actual local government systems can be positioned differently on each dimension (functions, control, and finance) depending on the implicit model of local government. Formal and substantive definitions of democracy are distinguished and some conventional measures examined; it is concluded that decentralization and democracy do not necessarily go together. The degree of decentralization and implicit models of postsocialist local government in Eastern Europe are then outlined, with a focus on the contrast between Budapest and Moscow. The development of social movements in the two capitals is taken as an index of substantive democracy and is shown to be influenced not only by the extent of decentralization but also by other features of the local political context. This illustrates the earlier argument that the relation between decentralization and democracy is an empirically variable one rather than a necessary one.

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33

Tosun, Jale, and Kai Schulze. "Compliance with EU biofuel targets in South-Eastern and Eastern Europe: Do interest groups matter?" Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 33, no. 5 (September 21, 2015): 950–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263774x15605923.

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34

Golovko, Liudmyla, Olena Uliutina, Iryna Davydovych, and Oksana Ilina. "Legal Regulation of Combating Domestic Violence in Eastern Europe." European Journal of Sustainable Development 10, no. 3 (October 1, 2021): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2021.v10n3p253.

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Considering the increase in the number of cases of domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic, it is relevant to study the practices of combating domestic violence, which have become effective in individual countries. The problem of domestic violence is global and various countries have been working to overcome it for a long time. Eastern European countries, especially the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Poland, have made significant progress in combating domestic violence. Therefore, it is appropriate to study their experience. The article examines state policy, national legislation and best practices for preventing and combating domestic violence in these countries.

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35

Leal Filho, Walter, Mariia Fedoruk, Lyudmyla Zahvoyska, and Lucas Veiga Avila. "Identifying and Comparing Obstacles and Incentives for the Implementation of Energy Saving Projects in Eastern and Western European Countries: An Exploratory Study." Sustainability 13, no. 9 (April 28, 2021): 4944. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13094944.

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This comparison study of the implementation of energy-saving projects in buildings was conducted in order to consider the diversity of experiences between Western European countries, which have experience and expertise in this area, and those countries in Eastern Europe that are in the beginning stages. The goal of this paper is to analyze obstacles and incentives for investment in energy conservation in buildings by comparing European countries with a diverse landscape of institutional and economic developments, social-cultural values, and environmental framework conditions in order to understand if these differences are influencing the implementation of energy saving measures and how this can be used to overcome the existing obstacles. The study is based on survey results received from experts in Eastern and Western European countries. The main value of the research is that it offers an overview of the potentials and constraints (barriers) to energy efficiency in Europe, based on data from a sample of western and eastern European countries. Among the most important incentives that were implemented to stimulate energy-saving measures are costs savings and the need to meet regulatory requirements. The main obstacles that still restrict the number of already implemented projects in Europe are a lack of proper financial incentives and that many Eastern countries are still struggling to develop the market of Energy Saving Services (ESS) and to operate better energy waste control systems. The paper concludes with the successful incentives that were implemented to stimulate the energy-saving measures and the main obstacles that still restrict the number of already implemented projects in Europe. Additionally, a set of indicators related to the environmental friendliness and social significance of energy-saving measures was proposed for evaluation of the project results. These were used based on the fact that they may be measured and cater for comparisons. This paper can help improve policy-makers’ selections in order to improve economic instruments appropriate to energy-saving policy objectives and specific national contexts.

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36

Botcheva, Liliana. "Focus and Effectiveness of Environmental Activism in Eastern Europe: A Comparative Study of Environmental Movements in Bulgaria, Hungary, Slovakia, and Romania." Journal of Environment & Development 5, no. 3 (September 1996): 292–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107049659600500303.

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37

van Geenhuizen, M., and P. Nijkamp. "Potentials for East — West Integration: The Case of Foreign Direct Investment." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 16, no. 1 (February 1998): 105–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c160105.

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Reshaping the relationships between Western Europe and the former communist bloc is one of the most intriguing challenges for the coming years. Will Central and Eastern Europe become passive players in the European and world economy, or will companies located there become integrated as fully fledged partners? Foreign direct investment (FDI) is heavily concentrated in a few countries in Central and Eastern Europe. It is argued that the type of FDI is more important than the amount of FDI. There is a need for a critical assessment of the strategies of the investors and the impacts on local entrepreneurship. In this vein, the authors describe various interesting future research paths and make policy recommendations.

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38

Kulakovskyi, P. M. "Feudal law as a component of the state system of Central and Eastern Europe (XVI–XVIII centuries)." Legal position 37, no. 4 (2022): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.32782/2521-6473.2022-4.2.

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39

Timofejevs, Péteris F. "The Environment and Populist Radical Right in Eastern Europe: The Case of National Alliance 2010–2018." Sustainability 12, no. 19 (October 1, 2020): 8092. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12198092.

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Although the literature on populist radical right parties (PRRP) in Western and Eastern Europe has expanded considerably in the last two decades, relatively little is known about the views on nature and the environment of the PRRP in Eastern Europe. This study focuses on the Latvian PRRP “National Alliance” (NA), which has not only been a coalition government partner since 2011, but occupied a ministerial post tasked with environmental policy from 2014 to 2019. This article examines how the NA viewed nature, the environment, and governance for sustainability in the period 2010–2018, and more specifically, whether and to what extent the NA’s vision of nature and the environment was compatible with its sustainable development position. The study employs qualitative content analysis examining the official party literature. The results indicate that the party’s vision embraced the sustainable development position in its declaratory statements on nature and environmental policy. The NA’s views on governance for sustainability demonstrate a strong statist preference, downplaying more participatory approaches, thus departing from the sustainable development governance position.

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40

Cox, R. H. "Creating Welfare States in Czechoslovakia and Hungary: Why Policymakers Borrow Ideas from the West." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 11, no. 3 (September 1993): 349–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c110349.

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Political change in Eastern Europe meant that a policy reform was soon to follow. The initial expectation was that reform would stem from efforts to emulate the Western democratic countries, and that policymakers in Eastern Europe would borrow from the West. In this study it was found that in Czechoslovakia policymakers were attempting to borrow policies primarily from Britain and Sweden, whereas in Hungary the primary models were Germany and Austria. An explanation for this difference is that historical similarities in social-policy development structured the choice of countries, suggesting that historical trends have persisted despite the long period of Communist rule.

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41

CHERP, ALEG, and ALEXIOS ANTYPAS. "DEALING WITH CONTINUOUS REFORM: TOWARDS ADAPTIVE EA POLICY SYSTEMS IN COUNTRIES IN TRANSITION." Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 05, no. 04 (December 2003): 455–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1464333203001516.

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Environmental assessment (EA) systems in the countries-in-transition (CITs) in Central and Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia have been significantly reformed over the last decade. Considerable research efforts have focused on the degree to which EA in this region conforms to best international practice, functions well and results in environmental and democratic improvements. This article examines the evolution of such research and proposes to expand its agenda and methodology to include a policy-systems approach that would more accurately take account of the complexity of EA systems, especially in the constantly changing and institutionally volatile environment of the CITs.

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42

Zsigmond, Andreea-Rebeka, Xintia Odett Dembroszky, Zoltan May, and Tibor Hartel. "ELEMENTAL PROFILE OF NON-COMMERCIAL WINES IN CHANGING TRADITIONAL RURAL REGIONS FROM EASTERN EUROPE." Environmental Engineering and Management Journal 19, no. 4 (2020): 625–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.30638/eemj.2020.059.

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43

Tasevska, Orhideja, Maria Špoljar, Dafina Gušeska, Goce Kostoski, Suzana Patcheva, and Elizabeta Veljanoska Sarafiloska. "Zooplankton in Ancient and Oligotrophic Lake Ohrid (Europe) in Association with Environmental Variables." Croatian Journal of Fisheries 75, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 95–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cjf-2017-0013.

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AbstractZooplankton is studied in the ancient, tectonic, oligomictic and oligotrophic Lake Ohrid (Macedonia, South Eastern Europe). The main aim of this study was to assess the seasonal and spatial patterns of the zooplankton functional feeding guilds in relation to the environmental conditions. Metalimnion of the lake was detected as the most productive environment, where biomass of the phytoplankton and abundance of the zooplankton reached their maxima. Pelagial zooplankton of low abundance (25 ± 22 ind. L−1) consisted of 16 species including two endemic copepods, Arctodiaptomus steindachneri (Richard, 1897) and Cyclops ochridanus (Kiefer, 1932). Copepods obtained remarkable share (60%) in the zooplankton assemblage. Microphagous zooplankton was mainly comprised of the most abundant rotifer Kellicottia longispina (Kellicott, 1879) in summer, and copepod nauplii during the spring Eudiaptomus gracilis (Sars, 1862) and C.ochridanus, and autumn C.ochridanus. Due to their requirements for the bacterio-detritus suspension, this microphagous zooplankton occupied aphotic hypolimnion during the entire study period. Raptorials were typically represented by copepodites and adult copepods in the metalimnion, and were significantly and positively affected by temperature (r = 0.417, p = 0.001), dissolved oxygen (r = 0.463, p = 0.0001) and, particularly, phytoplankton biomass (r = 0.708, p < 0.00001). This is the first study in which the link between the lower and higher trophic levels is investigated in Lake Ohrid.

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44

Zsamboki, K., and M. Bell. "Local Self-Government in Central and Eastern Europe: Decentralization or Deconcentration?" Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 15, no. 2 (June 1997): 177–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c150177.

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The development of autonomous local self-governments is a critical, albeit often over-looked, element of the long-term transition to democracy in Central and Eastern Europe and the newly independent states of the former Soviet Union. All countries in the region have taken clear steps to pass legislation creating new local government institutions. Such institutional reform is necessary, but not sufficient, for the development of autonomous local self-government. In this paper we present several fundamental criteria which must be satisfied in order to establish and nurture autonomous local self-government. We test these criteria against institutional reforms in Central and Eastern Europe and the newly independent states to gauge the extent to which there has been actual devolution of governmental responsibility from central to local governments. We conclude that, although some individual strands of these fundamental reforms may have received some attention in the current transition process, such attention is more ad hoc than strategic. As a result, the goal of creating autonomous local self-governments has not been achieved. Donor nations and reform elements in each country must think strategically about all dimensions of this local government transition if these changes are to be institutionalized and the transition is to be successful in the long term.

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Ștefan, George Marian, Vlad Nerău, Daniela Livia Traşcă, Daniela Nicoleta Sahlian, and Liviu Matac. "“Social Trilemma”: Empirical Evidence from Central and Eastern Europe." Sustainability 11, no. 17 (August 26, 2019): 4638. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11174638.

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This paper’s aim is to analyze the challenges that may arise to the harmonious and inclusive economic development of EU member states from Central and Eastern Europe in the larger context of the European Common Market and the free movement of capital. The theoretical framework on which this paper is based is represented by the thesis of “structural dependence on international capital” and “race to the bottom” competition to attract foreign investment and increase the convergence speed in the catching-up process. We have also tackled the consequences arising from the social cohesion perspective, pointing out that a country cannot have at the same time (1) a high degree of social equity; (2) free movement of capital, amid structural consequences that manifest themselves as a result of this freedom; and, (3) a robust position of foreign companies as a share of value added.

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Dudek, Hanna, and Joanna Myszkowska-Ryciak. "Food Insecurity in Central-Eastern Europe: Does Gender Matter?" Sustainability 14, no. 9 (April 30, 2022): 5435. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14095435.

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Food insecurity (FI) remains a challenge not only in less-developed countries but also worldwide. The literature indicates higher rates of FI for women than men in some regions of the world. Thus, the main objective of this cross-sectional study was to assess differences in experiencing FI according to gender in Central-Eastern Europe—a region that has been little researched in terms of FI. The study analyzes individual-level data on FI from the Gallup World Poll (GWP) for the years 2018–2019, obtained under a license from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Dataset encompasses representative samples of individuals aged 15 and above for each studied country. Apart from bivariate analysis, the ordered logistic regression, the generalized ordered logistic regression and multinomial logistic regression models were used. It was found that women experienced mild FI more often than men. However, gender differences with respect to moderate or severe FI were not confirmed. Moreover, the significant associations of all severity levels of FI with education, employment status, social capital, social network, age, marital status, household composition and income were observed. The research findings can be used to inform policy and to design targeted assistance programs for those in need.

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Tarasevych, Olena, Yevhen Akhromkin, Anastasiia Volkova, Daria Zablodska, and Andriy Akhromkin. "Resilient Openness of Eastern European Cities in the Conditions of Sustainable Development." Problemy Ekorozwoju 18, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 111–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/pe.2023.1.11.

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This article is devoted to the research of the resilience category, which is now one of the best safety catalysts of each state and its cities. The authors consider the resilience of cities and European countries in terms of preserving the vector of their sustainable development and successful confrontation with external and internal challenges, political and intellectual elite’s efforts to anticipate and neutralize these challenges. This material is disclosed in scientific and practical approaches to openness of countries (cities), as well as through analysis of results of resilience estimation on large cities of Eastern Europe in sustainable development conditions. The article emphasized importance of ratings and methods that reflect the results of the transparency assessment of the city councils’ activities in order to ensure their social, economic and environmental development. For the purposes of the article the authors presented main assessment results of pollution and comfort of residence in cities of Eastern Europe, which allowed to carry out comparative assessment analysis of openness and transparency of the Ukrainian cities in the context of their resolution under sustainable development conditions.

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Érseková, Anita, Klára Hilscherová, Jana Klánová, John P. Giesy, and Jiří Novák. "Effect-based assessment of passive air samples from four countries in Eastern Europe." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 186, no. 6 (February 15, 2014): 3905–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-014-3667-z.

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Kryshtanovych, Svitlana, Tetiana Kornieieva, Olga Malinovska, Larysa Sokolik, and Maryana Bortnikova. "SMART Management of Sustainable Development of the Region in the Context of Globalization." International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning 17, no. 6 (October 21, 2022): 1765–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.1706010.

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The main purpose of the study is to determine the main stages of SMART management of sustainable development of the region for the countries of Eastern Europe in the context of globalization. The issue of implementing a SMART management system today is relevant and critical for the further optimal functioning of the regional management system. The process of implementing SMART management itself is complex and complex, given this, there is a real need to find new methods for systematizing this process in the regional management system. The methodology involves the application of the method of graphic representation of the functional achievement of the goal. This methodology allows you to depict the main stages of achieving the goals in the beat way. Based on the results of the study, we have formed a graphically step-by-step model of effective SMART management of sustainable development of the region for the countries of Eastern Europe under the influence of globalization. As a result of the formation of this model, we have algorithmized and systematized the process of implementing SMART management of sustainable development of the region for the countries of Eastern Europe in the context of globalization. The use of this model will facilitate the adaptation of regional governance systems to a qualitatively new type of management. The study has limitations and concerns limited access to the socio-economic and sustainable development of the regions. We have taken only the regions of Eastern Europe as an example, but in the future we should expand our graphically step-by-step model of effective SMART management of sustainable development of the region for the countries of Eastern Europe under the influence of globalization for the regions of the whole world.

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Kryshtanovych, Svitlana, Tetiana Kornieieva, Olga Malinovska, Larysa Sokolik, and Maryana Bortnikova. "SMART Management of Sustainable Development of the Region in the Context of Globalization." International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning 17, no. 6 (October 21, 2022): 1765–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.170610.

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Abstract:

The main purpose of the study is to determine the main stages of SMART management of sustainable development of the region for the countries of Eastern Europe in the context of globalization. The issue of implementing a SMART management system today is relevant and critical for the further optimal functioning of the regional management system. The process of implementing SMART management itself is complex and complex, given this, there is a real need to find new methods for systematizing this process in the regional management system. The methodology involves the application of the method of graphic representation of the functional achievement of the goal. This methodology allows you to depict the main stages of achieving the goals in the beat way. Based on the results of the study, we have formed a graphically step-by-step model of effective SMART management of sustainable development of the region for the countries of Eastern Europe under the influence of globalization. As a result of the formation of this model, we have algorithmized and systematized the process of implementing SMART management of sustainable development of the region for the countries of Eastern Europe in the context of globalization. The use of this model will facilitate the adaptation of regional governance systems to a qualitatively new type of management. The study has limitations and concerns limited access to the socio-economic and sustainable development of the regions. We have taken only the regions of Eastern Europe as an example, but in the future we should expand our graphically step-by-step model of effective SMART management of sustainable development of the region for the countries of Eastern Europe under the influence of globalization for the regions of the whole world.

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