Journal articles: 'Environmental impacts mitigation'

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Bombar, Gökçen, Deniz Dölgen, and M. Necdet Alpaslan. "Environmental impacts and impact mitigation plans for desalination facilities." Desalination and Water Treatment 57, no. 25 (September 22, 2015): 11528–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2015.1089198.

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Wallace, Daniel P., and Joseph S. Shalkowski. "Post-National Environmental Policy Act Monitoring of Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Commitments." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1626, no. 1 (January 1998): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1626-04.

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Post-National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) phase tracking tools have been developed and applied successfully to monitor changes in environmental impacts and mitigation commitments identified during the NEPA process as transportation projects advance and are refined through the highway final design process. The tools have been used effectively on two Pennsylvania Turnpike Commission (PTC) expansion projects currently under development in the Monongahela River Valley region of southwestern Pennsylvania. The tools include a set of computerized spreadsheet/database tracking tables that identify the environmental impacts and mitigation commitments contained in the final environmental impact statement (FEIS), the memorandum of agreement for cultural resources, the FHWA record of decision, and the Pennsylvania Agricultural Land Condemnation Approval Board adjudication. As refinements were made to the project and its right-of-way requirements during final design, any associated changes to environmental impacts were recorded. The tables provided the PTC, state, and federal agencies with a means to efficiently evaluate the resulting environmental impacts for the projects and assess the applicability of the mitigation commitments as defined in the FEIS. Any refinements needed in the mitigation commitment were incorporated into the final design plans. The rationale behind the development of these tools in conjunction with their functional value to the NEPA process is presented.

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Poore, J., and T. Nemecek. "Reducing food’s environmental impacts through producers and consumers." Science 360, no. 6392 (May 31, 2018): 987–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aaq0216.

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Food’s environmental impacts are created by millions of diverse producers. To identify solutions that are effective under this heterogeneity, we consolidated data covering five environmental indicators; 38,700 farms; and 1600 processors, packaging types, and retailers. Impact can vary 50-fold among producers of the same product, creating substantial mitigation opportunities. However, mitigation is complicated by trade-offs, multiple ways for producers to achieve low impacts, and interactions throughout the supply chain. Producers have limits on how far they can reduce impacts. Most strikingly, impacts of the lowest-impact animal products typically exceed those of vegetable substitutes, providing new evidence for the importance of dietary change. Cumulatively, our findings support an approach where producers monitor their own impacts, flexibly meet environmental targets by choosing from multiple practices, and communicate their impacts to consumers.

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Gana, Abdullahi Hassan, M. A. Fullen, and D. Oloke. "Effects of drought and their mitigation strategies in Yobe State, Nigeria." Sustinere: Journal of Environment and Sustainability 5, no. 3 (December 31, 2021): 184–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.22515/sustinere.jes.v5i3.189.

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Drought is regarded as a natural phenomenon and its impacts accumulate slowly over a long period. It is considered to be insufficient precipitation that leads to water scarcity, as triggered by meteorological parameters, such as temperature, precipitation and humidity. However, drought mitigation has mostly been reactive, but this has been challenged by extreme events globally. Many countries and regions around the world have made efforts in mitigating drought impacts, including Nigeria. This study produced frameworks for drought amelioration and management as a planning tool for Yobe State, Nigeria. Drought coping strategies have also caused environmental degradation in Yobe State. Farmers over-harvest their farms, practise deforestation and over-exploit wild animals. Several efforts to mitigate the impacts of drought by the Nigerian Government have failed, thus this research adopts a bottom-top approach to mitigate drought impacts in Yobe State. Four validated drought mitigation and management frameworks were developed for Yobe State. The frameworks were evaluated pre-use through respondent validation. State officials and farmers believed that these frameworks will reduce the impacts of drought in Yobe State. The frameworks include social, economic, environmental impact mitigation and an Integrated Drought Mitigation and Management Framework. The proposed frameworks were designed and have advocates a paradigm shift, using both proactive and reactive measures.

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Santos, Claudson Gomes, and Eloiza Suimay Azevedo Carvalho. "Environmental technologies used for the mitigation of industrial environmental impacts." Ciência e Natura 42 (December 31, 2020): e4. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2179460x41268.

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With the growth of the world population, constant technological evolution and consequent change in the habits of our society, human activity is gradually increasing its capacity of alteration to the environment. Small acts of environmental preservation result in great feats for the ecosystem, for humanity and are preludes for the continuity of life. This study discusses the dispersion of pollutants caused by industries, the importance of the remediation technologies used, which can prevent and / or mitigate the impacts that are caused to the environment. This study is a comparison between end-of-pipe technologies and cleaner production, which are the most used by industries. It was based on the environmental impacts caused by the industries and on the most used remediation technologies as mechanisms to reduce or prevent these impacts.

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Khan, Shahrukh Rafi, Mahmood A. Khwaja, and Abdul Matin Khan. "Environmental impacts and mitigation costs associated with cloth and leather exports from Pakistan." Environment and Development Economics 6, no. 3 (June 25, 2001): 383–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x01000213.

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We have drawn two propositions, critical from a developing country viewpoint, from the trade and environment literature and assessed them for cloth and leather production in Pakistan. The first is that trade liberalization will result in export by developing countries of their environmental capital. The second is that the costs of mitigating these damaging environmental effects in the South are very high. We find that, given the state of implementation of environmental laws in Pakistan, exports induced by trade liberalization can indeed have major negative environmental impacts. However, we do not find support for the proposition that the costs of mitigation are very high. We also find that the social benefits far exceed the costs of mitigation.

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Grubert, Emily, and Jennifer Stokes-Draut. "Mitigation Life Cycle Assessment: Best Practices from LCA of Energy and Water Infrastructure That Incurs Impacts to Mitigate Harm." Energies 13, no. 4 (February 22, 2020): 992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13040992.

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Climate change will require societal-scale infrastructural changes. Balancing priorities for water, energy, and climate will demand that approaches to water and energy management deviate from historical practice. Infrastructure designed to mitigate environmental harm, particularly related to climate change, is likely to become increasingly prevalent. Understanding the implications of such infrastructure for environmental quality is thus of interest. Environmental life cycle assessment (LCA) is a common sustainability assessment tool that aims to quantify the total, multicriteria environmental impact caused by a functional unit. Notably, however, LCA quantifies impacts in the form of environmental “costs” of delivering the functional unit. In the case of mitigation infrastructures, LCA results can be confusing because they are generally reported as the harmful impacts of performing mitigation rather than as net impacts that incorporate benefits of successful mitigation. This paper argues for defining mitigation LCA as a subtype of LCA to facilitate better understanding of results and consistency across studies. Our recommendations are informed by existing LCA literature on mitigation infrastructure, focused particularly on stormwater and carbon management. We specifically recommend that analysts: (1) use a performance-based functional unit; (2) be attentive to burden shifting; and (3) assess and define uncertainty, especially related to mitigation performance.

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Zavattaro, Laura, Carlo Grignani, Marco Acutis, and Philippe Rochette. "Mitigation of environmental impacts of nitrogen use in agriculture." Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 147 (January 2012): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2011.12.004.

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Apte, Monica, M. Ramachandran, Sivaji Chinnasami, Chinnasamy Sathiyaraj, and Periyasamy Anusuya. "An Investigation of Environmental Accounting Measurement." 1 1, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.46632/ese/1/1/7.

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As defined by the definition, Environmental Accounting To achieve long-term growth, To maintain a positive relationship with the community, Effective and efficient environmental protection measures And seeks to imitate. These accounting practices, The cost of protecting the environment in the normal course of business Help a company determine, Determine the benefits to be derived from such activities, Offer the best size measurement (In monetary value or physical units) And report its results. Environmental protection is the prevention of environmental impacts, Mitigation and / or avoidance, As well as mitigation, disaster mitigation and Defined here as other activities. Environmental impacts are corporate activities or The burdens imposed on the environment by other human activities, As well as potential roadblocks to protect the environment.

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Tzilivakis, John, Kathleen Lewis, Andrew Green, and Douglas Warner. "Identifying integrated options for agricultural climate change mitigation." International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management 6, no. 2 (May 13, 2014): 192–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijccsm-09-2012-0053.

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Purpose – In order to achieve reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, it is essential that all industry sectors have the appropriate knowledge and tools to contribute. This includes agriculture, which is considered to contribute about a third of emissions globally. This paper reports on one such tool: IMPACCT: Integrated Management oPtions for Agricultural Climate Change miTigation. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – IMPACCT focuses on GHGs, carbon sequestration and associated mitigation options. However, it also attempts to include information on economic and other environmental impacts in order to provide a more holistic perspective. The model identifies mitigation options, likely economic impacts and any synergies and trade-offs with other environmental objectives. The model has been applied on 22 case study farms in seven Member States. Findings – The tool presents some useful concepts for developing carbon calculators in the future. It has highlighted that calculators need to evolve from simply calculating emissions to identifying cost-effective and integrated emissions reduction options. Practical implications – IMPACCT has potential to become an effective means of provided targeted guidance, as part of a broader knowledge transfer programme based on an integrated suite of guidance, tools and advice delivered via different media. Originality/value – IMPACCT is a new model that demonstrates how to take a more integrated approach to mitigating GHGs on farms across Europe. It is a holistic carbon calculator that presents mitigation options in the context other environmental and economic objectives in the search for more sustainable methods of food production.

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Williams, V., R. B. Noland, A. Majumdar, R. Toumi, W. Ochieng, and J. Molloy. "Reducing environmental impacts of aviation with innovative air traffic management technologies." Aeronautical Journal 111, no. 1125 (November 2007): 741–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001924000004917.

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Abstract Commercially-driven air traffic management (ATM) innovations typically aim to increase air space capacity and/or reduce delays. Here, their potential application for environmental mitigation is discussed. Both carbon dioxide (CO2) and non-CO2 climate impacts are considered, as are noise and air quality issues. We outline the technological, scientific and political barriers to an integrated approach to applying ATM technologies to environmental mitigation. These issues highlight the need to improve comparison and prioritisation of the emissions and effects of aviation.

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Bojórquez-Tapia, L. A., E. Ezcurra, and O. Garcı́a. "Appraisal of environmental impacts and mitigation measures through mathematical matrices." Journal of Environmental Management 53, no. 1 (May 1998): 91–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jema.1998.0191.

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Du, Yuanyuan, Ying Ge, and Jie Chang. "Global Strategies to Minimize Environmental Impacts of Ruminant Production." Annual Review of Animal Biosciences 10, no. 1 (February 15, 2022): 227–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-animal-020420-043152.

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Demand for ruminant products (dairy products, beef, and sheep meat) is increasing rapidly with population and income growth and the acceleration of urbanization. However, ruminant animals exert the highest environmental impacts and consume the most resources in the livestock system. Increasing studies have focused on various measures to reduce ammonia, greenhouse gas emissions, and resource depletion from ruminant production to consumption. This review offers supply- and demand-side management strategies to reduce the environmental impact of ruminant products and emphasizes the mitigation potential of coupling livestock production with cultivation and renewable energy. On a global scale, more attention should be paid to the green-source trade and to strengthening global technology sharing. The success of these strategies depends on the cost effectiveness of technology, public policy, and financial support. Future studies and practice should focus on global database development for sharing mitigation strategies, thus facilitating technology innovations and socioeconomic feasibility.

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Karimi, Hazhir, Sevar Neamat, and Saman Galali. "Application of Mathematical Matrices for Environmental Impact Assessment, A Case Study of Thermal Power Plant." Journal of Applied Science and Technology Trends 1, no. 1 (March 16, 2020): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.38094/jastt1111.

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Environmental Impact Assessment plays a crucial role in environmental land use planning and has been known as the most effective approach to identifies proposed impacts of the projects and followed that proposing mitigation measures. Mathematical matrix is one of the environmental impact assessment methods that has been used extensively since it provides incorporate impact compensation factors, expert discussion, and provide more objective and practical feedback. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the environmental impacts of the Bistoon thermal power plant located in the west of Iran using the matrix method and proposing mitigation measures for minimizing the adverse effects. First, the activities of the project were identified. Then, environmental components, including physical environment, biological environment, socio-economic environment, were analyzed using maps and field checks. The impacts of the project activities were predicted on the environment and quantified using the mathematical matrix method. The results illustrated that the importance of effects is in a medium and low range; therefore, the status of the project is not very serious and can be verified by implementing a series of remedial actions and environmental improvement plans.

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Medici, Marco, Søren Marcus Pedersen, Giacomo Carli, and Maria Rita Tagliaventi. "Environmental Benefits of Precision Agriculture Adoption." ECONOMIA AGRO-ALIMENTARE, no. 3 (January 2020): 637–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/ecag2019-003004.

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The purpose of this study is to analyse the environmental benefits of precision agriculture technology adoption obtained from the mitigation of negative environmental impacts of agricultural inputs in modern farming. Our literature review of the environmental benefits related to the adoption of precision agriculture solutions is aimed at raising farmers' and other stakeholders' awareness of the actual environmental impacts from this set of new technologies. Existing studies were categorised according to the environmental impacts of different agricultural activities: nitrogen application, lime application, pesticide application, manure application and herbicide application. Our findings highlighted the effects of the reduction of input application rates and the consequent impacts on climate, soil, water and biodiversity. Policy makers can benefit from the outcomes of this study developing an understanding of the environmental impact of precision agriculture in order to promote and support initiatives aimed at fostering sustainable agriculture.

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Purwanta, J., Suharwanto Suharwanto, and Trismi Ristyowati. "Mitigation of Environmental Damage in the Cangkringan Area, Sleman Regency." RSF Conference Series: Engineering and Technology 1, no. 1 (December 23, 2021): 291–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.31098/cset.v1i1.375.

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The purpose of this study is to conduct a study of environmental damage at the location of rock and sand extraction and provide directions or recommendations for environmental management. The research location is in the Karangkendal Hamlet area in the Balong Hamlet, Umbulharjo Village, Cangkringan District area which has ecotourism potential. Ecotourism or ecotourism is one of the environmentally friendly tourism activities by prioritizing aspects of nature conservation, aspects of socio-cultural economic empowerment of local communities as well as aspects of learning and education. This tourism potential is supported by the majority of the area being used as agricultural land. The decision also shows that to reuse agricultural land on the slopes of Merapi after the eruption of Mount Merapi, it is necessary to carry out mitigation in the form of restoring agricultural land by moving eruption material so that the land has room to grow for plants. The problem that arises is that it turns out that there has been illegal and irregular mining of the sirtu material. so that this results in negative impacts both for the community around the planned activity location and the surrounding environment such as the potential for landslides, damage to agricultural land, and land that cannot be used for the long term (unproductive land). CV Rubi Khan Daiman who was assigned to carry out land restoration then collaborated with our research team to conduct research on efforts to mitigate environmental damage so that in the implementation of land restoration, the maximum positive impact will be obtained for the surrounding community and minimize negative impacts. so that this results in negative impacts both for the community around the planned activity location and the surrounding environment such as the potential for landslides, damage to agricultural land, and land that cannot be used for the long term (unproductive land).

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Ma, Mingjun, Ziqiao Li, Kai Xue, and Meng Liu. "Exergy-Based Life Cycle Assessment Model for Evaluating the Environmental Impact of Bridge: Principle and Case Study." Sustainability 13, no. 21 (October 26, 2021): 11804. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132111804.

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The construction of bridge is a complex process and involves diverse energy emission-intensive materials. The evaluation of environmental impacts on the basis of life cycle assessment (LCA) is a recognised technique to find the scope of impact mitigation and save resources. However, the studies on the LCA of bridges are rare and lack assessment on the impact of public transportation during bridge construction. The purpose of this study was to develop an integrated exergy-based LCA model for assessing the environmental sustainability of bridges by investigating their environmental impacts and exergy footprint. The proposed exergy-based LCA model consists of three principal assessment models, namely, the environmental impact of energy consumption, pollutant discharge, and resource consumption. The proposed model was then exemplified with a highway bridge as a case study. The results found that the environmental impact in the raw material production and processing stage was the largest, followed by the construction stage and the operation and maintenance stage at second and third place, respectively. The findings of this study can contribute to mitigating the environmental impacts of bridge construction, and the assessment approach can be adopted to guide the environmental impact evaluation for other types of civil constructions globally.

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Carse, Ashley. "The ecobiopolitics of environmental mitigation: Remaking fish habitat through the Savannah Harbor Expansion Project." Social Studies of Science 51, no. 4 (February 14, 2021): 512–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306312721992541.

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Environmental mitigation has become a catch-all term for efforts to avoid, minimize or compensate for the adverse impacts of development. Through an analysis of the expensive and complex plan developed to mitigate the anticipated impacts of deepening Savannah Harbor, I develop an ecobiopolitical approach to mitigation. Environmental mitigation is triage, involving difficult choices about which entities are worthy of concern and, thus, candidates for intervention – and, by extension, which are not. It involves decisions about which among the chosen deserve strict protection and which merit looser forms of care. As these processes move to center stage in twenty-first-century governance and politics, it has become important to understand what kinds of environments mitigation generates. What survives? What dies? What flourishes? This article focuses on initiatives designed to maintain minimally suitable conditions for non-human life. Insomuch as the object of habitat mitigation is the animal milieu, rather than the body or population, it can be understood as a form of ecobiopolitics. By contrasting the projected fates of three fish in the post-mitigation ecology of the Savannah River, I argue that the ecobiopolitics of habitat mitigation can be conceptualized at four registers. The first, comparity, highlights the value-laden processes through which some entities become candidates for mitigation and others do not. The second, hierarchy, underscores how candidates for mitigation are ranked in ways that shape the interventions pursued. The third, nonfungibility, foregrounds how problems of commensuration are negotiated in mitigation practice. The fourth, overflow, emphasizes how mitigation aimed at one entity can lead to other ecological changes.

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Abdullahi Mohamed, Sheikh Ali, Elmi Abdishakur Abdikafi, Adan Abdifatah, and Mohamed Hassan Ahmed. "Environmental Impact Assessment in Construction Activities for Da-hab Tower Building Mogadishu." American Journal of Environment and Climate 1, no. 3 (October 18, 2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.54536/ajec.v1i3.773.

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The degree of knowledge and understanding of construction stakeholders, particularly pro-ject managers, about the environmental impacts of construction processes has to be improved because construction is one of the major causes of environmental pollution worldwide. This study aims to assess the most common environmental impacts of the DahabTower building project in Mogadishu. To achieve this objective, this study’s evaluation of the project’s impact has used a checklist matrix. Environmental risks were discovered to be present in the project, including waste generation (municipal, construction, and demolition wastes); changes in the characteristics of the soil; and the emission of air pollutants, among others. These risks are similar to those that are present in the majority of infrastructure and construction projects. Through the suggested mitigation strategies, these risks may be effectively controlled and monitored through preferred mitigation steps.

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Alimuddin, Alimuddin, Rulhendri Rulhendri, Nurul Chayati, and Jafar Sidik. "Environmental Impact Analysis on School Building Reconstruction (Case Study: SDN Sukatani 7, Depok City)." Journal of Applied Geospatial Information 4, no. 2 (August 6, 2020): 379–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.30871/jagi.v4i2.2106.

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In order to improve educational facilities and infrastructure, Department of Housing and Settlements, Depok City plans to reconstruction a school building. With the impacts caused by this activity, an environmental impact assessment is needed. The purpose of this study is to obtain the results of an analysis of environmental impact studies and ways of mitigation in minimizing the impacts that occur during pre construction stage, construction stage, and operation stage. The method used is observation, interview and scoping methods to determine the impact and good handling of the environment. The results of this study are obtained an analysis of environmental impacts that occur during the activity and how to minimize the impacts with good handling in order to create an environmental friendly construction.

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Islam, MH, M. Faisal, and KA Mahmood. "Environmental Impact Assessment of Boga Bridge Patukhali." Journal of Environmental Science and Natural Resources 8, no. 1 (August 24, 2015): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v8i1.24675.

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The economic development and social unity largely depend on the communication facilities. Improvement of national highway network in Bangladesh has been obstructed due to some rivers. Lohalia is one of the largest rivers in Patuakhali district divides Bauphal and Dumki upazila. The major transport barrier between the Bauphal and Patuakhali, Barisal city is Boga Bridge. The proposed 900 meter long Boga Bridge will be constructed under the supervision of World Bank, ADB, local and international experts. This paper shows the environmental impact assessment of Boga Bridge over the Lohalia River. The aim of the study is to identify the major environmental impact, mitigation measures and environmental impact value of the Boga Bridge. The major impacts of the Boga Bridge are loss of livelihood, loss of land, delta formation, loss of trees and rare species, loss of fisheries, navigational restrictions, surface water pollution, air pollution, soil contamination, river bank erosion, change the river flow. The environmental impact value of this project is 3 (negative three). The mitigation measures for the Boga Bridge project are cash compensation, relocation, periodic dredging, plant two for one felled, provide new jobs, revetment, provide safe water, good food and sanitation etc. By the proper implementation of these mitigation measures must help to reduce these impacts.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 8(1): 73-77 2015

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Pham, Andrew, Sussan Moussavi, Matthew Thompson, and Bruce Dvorak. "Environmental life cycle impacts of small wastewater treatment plants: Design recommendations for impact mitigation." Water Research 207 (December 2021): 117758. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2021.117758.

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Diggle, Avalon, and Tony R. Walker. "Environmental and Economic Impacts of Mismanaged Plastics and Measures for Mitigation." Environments 9, no. 2 (January 21, 2022): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environments9020015.

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The mismanagement of plastic materials has grown to become a mounting global pollution concern that is closely implicated in unsustainable production and consumption paradigms. The ecological, social, and economic impacts of plastic waste mismanagement are currently transboundary in nature and have necessitated numerous methods of government intervention in order to address and mitigate the globalized and multifaceted dilemmas posed by high rates and volumes of plastic waste generation. This review examines the current landscape of a plastics economy which has operated with a linear momentum, employing large quantities of primary resources and disincentivizing the functioning of a robust recycling market for collecting plastic waste and reintegrating it into the consumer market. This contextualizes an increasing plastic pollution crisis that has required global efforts to address and mitigate the ecological risks and socio-economic challenges of mismanaged plastic waste. A timeline of government interventions regarding plastic pollution is described, including numerous international, regional, and local actions to combat plastic waste, and this is followed by an examination of the relevance of the extended producer responsibility principle to improve plastic waste management and obligate industry to assume responsibility in waste collection and recycling.

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Panagopoulos, Argyris, and Katherine-Joanne Haralambous. "Environmental impacts of desalination and brine treatment - Challenges and mitigation measures." Marine Pollution Bulletin 161 (December 2020): 111773. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111773.

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Dontala, Siva Prasad, T. Byragi Reddy, and Ramesh Vadde. "Environmental Aspects and Impacts its Mitigation Measures of Corporate Coal Mining." Procedia Earth and Planetary Science 11 (2015): 2–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeps.2015.06.002.

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Markovska, Natasa, Mirko Todorovski, Tome Bosevski, and Jordan Pop-Jordanov. "Assessment and Mitigation of Environmental Impacts of Industrial Processes in Macedonia." Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry 33, no. 4 (October 2003): 301–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/714037681.

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Abbott, D. Wade, Inga Marie Aasen, Karen A. Beauchemin, Fredrik Grondahl, Robert Gruninger, Maria Hayes, Sharon Huws, et al. "Seaweed and Seaweed Bioactives for Mitigation of Enteric Methane: Challenges and Opportunities." Animals 10, no. 12 (December 18, 2020): 2432. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10122432.

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Seaweeds contain a myriad of nutrients and bioactives including proteins, carbohydrates and to a lesser extent lipids as well as small molecules including peptides, saponins, alkaloids and pigments. The bioactive bromoform found in the red seaweed Asparagopsis taxiformis has been identified as an agent that can reduce enteric CH4 production from livestock significantly. However, sustainable supply of this seaweed is a problem and there are some concerns over its sustainable production and potential negative environmental impacts on the ozone layer and the health impacts of bromoform. This review collates information on seaweeds and seaweed bioactives and the documented impact on CH4 emissions in vitro and in vivo as well as associated environmental, economic and health impacts.

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Xu, Zhenzhu, Yanling Jiang, and Guangsheng Zhou. "Nitrogen cycles in terrestrial ecosystems: climate change impacts and mitigation." Environmental Reviews 24, no. 2 (June 2016): 132–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/er-2015-0066.

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The nitrogen (N) cycle and N balance have primarily been modified by anthropogenic activities and environmental changes at various scales, including biological individual, ecosystem, local landscape, continental region, and global. These modifications have drastically affected the structures and functions of natural and agricultural ecosystems in terrestrial and aquatic areas. In this manuscript, we first present a modified view of the global N cycle that includes N transport, conversion, and exchange processes. Second, several crucial issues concerning N balance, including N deposition and excessive addition and the dynamics of N and other nutrients, are reviewed. Third, the effects of climate change factors, including water status, warming, and elevated CO2 concentrations, on N balance and the N cycle and their interactions within and with other environmental factors are outlined. Finally, intervention strategies for improving N balance and N cycling to address rapid continual climatic change and socio-economic development are presented and discussed. It is highlighted that the altered N balance and N cycle between the geosphere, biosphere, and atmosphere have produced the profoundly critical challenge of maintaining N levels within an appropriate range, which should be considered by relevant people and sectors, including researchers, managers, and policy makers from ecological, environmental, and sustainable development sectors.

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Andriani, Andriani, Hafizah Novasari, Masril Syukur, and M. Shubhi Nurul Hadie. "Spatial model of land subsidence mitigation at lowland areas." E3S Web of Conferences 331 (2021): 03008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202133103008.

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South Sumatera is one of the provinces with a large number of lowlands in Indonesia consisting of tidal land and lowland swamps, one of which is located in Tanjung Api-Api. The conversion of lowlands into built-up areas will cause physical, socio-economic, environmental, and public health impacts. One of the impacts arising from the development of settlements and infrastructure in lowland areas is land subsidence and flooding. The purpose of this research is to create a model for mitigating land subsidence in lowland areas spatially. The spatial model is carried out by weighting with Analytical Hierarchy Processes (AHP) and then mapping mitigation efforts that will be carried out based on the potential for land subsidence. The results show that if the lowland area is developed into an industrial and residential area, it will have an impact on land subsidence with a moderate to high potential level. Based on the zoning of the potential for land subsidence, the best pre-disaster mitigation efforts to do are choosing the type of construction according to the type of soil, conserving groundwater, maintaining infiltration areas and green open spaces, and regional spatial planning.

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Qiao, Yaning, Andrew R. Dawson, Tony Parry, Gerardo Flintsch, and Wenshun Wang. "Flexible Pavements and Climate Change: A Comprehensive Review and Implications." Sustainability 12, no. 3 (February 2, 2020): 1057. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12031057.

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Flexible pavements and climate are interactive. Pavements are climate sensitive infrastructure, where climate can impact their deterioration rate, subsequent maintenance, and life-cycle costs. Meanwhile, climate mitigation measures are urgently needed to reduce the environmental impacts of pavements and related transportation on the macroclimate and microclimate. Current pavement design and life cycle management practices may need to be modified to adapt to changing climates and to reduce environmental impacts. This paper reports an extensive literature search on qualitative and quantitative pavement research related to climate change in recent years. The topics cover climate stressors, sensitivity of pavement performance to climatic factors, impacts of climate change on pavement systems, and, most importantly, discussions of climate change adaptation, mitigation, and their interactions. This paper is useful for those who aim to understand or research the climate resilience of flexible pavements.

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Kates, Robert. "Climate Change 1995: Impacts, Adaptations, and Mitigation." Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable Development 39, no. 9 (November 1, 1997): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00139159709604767.

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B Soni, Hiren, V. Vijay Kumar, and Pankaj N. Joshi. "ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (EIA) AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP): A CASE STUDY OF KACHCHH, GUJARAT, INDIA." Current World Environment 14, no. 1 (April 25, 2019): 99–127. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.14.1.10.

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This case study outlines some noteworthy features of the process of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and Environmental Management Plant (EMP) of Deendyal (Kandla) Port Trust (DPT) and Gujarat Mineral Development Corporation (GMDC) lignite mines, Kachchh, Gujarat, India. These key viewpoints incorporate task depiction, options, checking, portrayal of the earth, open cooperation, biophysical impacts, social effects, sway essentialness, total impacts evaluation, observing, and introduction, which are earmarked in annexure in the form of sectors requiring EIA, Ecologically Sensitive Areas (ESA), basic guidelines, and environmental laws. The case study reflects the detailed scenario of physical, biological, and socioeconomic profiles of the study areas, which directly or indirectly the environmental as well as ecological characteristics of the proposed project sites. The suggestive steps, recommendations and mitigation measures are also discussed herewith.

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Misselbrook, Tom, Agustin Del Prado, and David Chadwick. "Opportunities for reducing environmental emissions from forage-based dairy farms." Agricultural and Food Science 22, no. 1 (March 27, 2013): 93–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.23986/afsci.6702.

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Modern dairy production is inevitably associated with impacts to the environment and the challenge for the industry today is to increase production to meet growing global demand while minimising emissions to the environment. Negative environmental impacts include gaseous emissions to the atmosphere, of ammonia from livestock manure and fertiliser use, of methane from enteric fermentation and manure management, and of nitrous oxide from nitrogen applications to soils and from manure management. Emissions to water include nitrate, ammonium, phosphorus, sediment, pathogens and organic matter, deriving from nutrient applications to forage crops and/or the management of grazing livestock. This paper reviews the sources and impacts of such emissions in the context of a forage-based dairy farm and considers a number of potential mitigation strategies, giving some examples using the farm-scale model SIMSDAIRY. Most of the mitigation measures discussed are associated with systemic improvements in the efficiency of production in dairy systems. Important examples of mitigations include: improvements to dairy herd fertility, that can reduce methane and ammonia emissions by up to 24 and 17%, respectively; diet modification such as the use of high sugar grasses for grazing, which are associated with reductions in cattle N excretion of up to 20% (and therefore lower N losses to the environment) and potentially lower methane emissions, or reducing the crude protein content of the dairy cow diet through use of maize silage to reduce N excretion and methane emissions; the use of nitrification inhibitors with fertiliser and slurry applications to reduce nitrous oxide emissions and nitrate leaching by up to 50%. Much can also be achieved through attention to the quantity, timing and method of application of nutrients to forage crops and utilising advances made through genetic improvements.

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Kontos, Nick, and Takashi Asano. "Environmental assessment for wastewater reclamation and reuse projects." Water Science and Technology 33, no. 10-11 (May 1, 1996): 473–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1996.0705.

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The purpose of an environmental review and assessment is to incorporate environmental considerations into the planning process. Prior to the selection of a specific project alternative, a thorough and unbiased analysis of the environmental impacts of every reasonable project alternative should be made. It is intended that environmental concerns be considered on an equal basis with engineering feasibility, economics, and social considerations in wastewater reclamation and reuse. This paper discusses the “procedural” and “substantive” provisions of environmental law in the United States; National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), and more specifically the law in California; California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). The procedural aspects require the preparation of an environmental document such as an environmental impact statement (EIS) or an environmental impact report (EIR) and the substantive provisions require mitigation of harmful environmental impacts. Suggested outlines of the content of an EIS and an EIR are provided. Specific impacts associated with wastewater reclamation projects such as groundwater impacts and growth inducing impacts are discussed. This paper is intended to be a useful tool for the planning of any wastewater reclamation and reuse project. Two examples are given for this purpose.

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Clevenger, A. P. "Mitigating Continental-Scale Bottlenecks: How Small-Scale Highway Mitigation Has Large-Scale Impacts." Ecological Restoration 30, no. 4 (November 23, 2012): 300–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/er.30.4.300.

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Simonov, Nikitina, and Egidarev. "Freshwater Ecosystems versus Hydropower Development: Environmental Assessments and Conservation Measures in the Transboundary Amur River Basin." Water 11, no. 8 (July 29, 2019): 1570. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11081570.

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Hydropower development causes a multitude of negative effects on freshwater ecosystems, and to prevent and minimize possible damage, environmental impact assessments must be conducted and optimal management scenarios designed. This paper examines the impacts of both existing and proposed hydropower development on the transboundary Amur River basin shared by Russia, China, and Mongolia, including the effectiveness of different tools and measures to minimize damage. It demonstrates that the application of various assessment and conservation tools at the proper time and in the proper sequence is the key factor in mitigating and minimizing the environmental impacts of dams. The tools considered include basin-wide assessments of hydropower impacts, the creation of protected areas on rivers threatened by dam construction, and environmental flows. The results of this work show how the initial avoidance and mitigation of hydropower impacts at early planning stages are more productive than the application of any measures during and after dam construction, that the assessment of hydropower impacts must be performed at a basin level rather than be limited to a project implementation site, and that the full spectrum of possible development scenarios should be considered. In addition, this project demonstrates that stakeholder analysis and robust public engagement are as crucial for the success of environmental assessments as scientific research is for the protection of river basins.

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Andrić, Jelena M., Jiayuan Wang, Abdul-Majeed Mahamadu, and Ruoyu Zhong. "UNDERSTANDING ENVIRONMENTAL INCIDENTS ON CONSTRUCTION SITES IN AUSTRALIA: THE CAUSAL FACTORS, ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND THEIR RELATIONS." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 25, no. 7 (July 2, 2019): 617–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jcem.2019.10435.

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The construction sites are prone to environmental incidents. In this paper, the root causes of incidents and immediate actions taken after events are identified through qualitative analysis, while the environmental impacts, the cost of mitigation, time of incident occurrence, as well as the relationship between the causes of incidents and immediate actions and the causes and environmental impacts were quantitatively analysed. In total, 499 environment incidents occurred over an 8-year period on the construction sites in Australia was examined in this study. The results show that the most common causes of incidents were equipment and plant failure, oil spillage, and fuel spillage, while the most expensive incidents in terms of mitigation were flooding, poor weather, and process failures. Further, the most common actions taken immediately after incidents were cleaning and clearing, shut down of operation, plant and equipment and notifications. More than 50% of incidents resulted in the contamination of land and groundwater, while the majority of incidents occurred between 10:00 am and 12:00 am. We propose strategies for project managers and environmental managers to better understand potential environmental hazards.

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Greer, Keith, and Marina Som. "Environmental Reviews & Case Studies: Breaking the Environmental Gridlock: Advance Mitigation Programs for Ecological Impacts." Environmental Practice 12, no. 3 (September 2010): 227–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1466046610000311.

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Dhar, Amalesh, M. Anne Naeth, P. Devereaux Jennings, and Mohamed Gamal El-Din. "Geothermal energy resources: potential environmental impact and land reclamation." Environmental Reviews 28, no. 4 (December 2020): 415–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/er-2019-0069.

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With increasing costs, finite sources, and adverse environmental impacts of fossil fuels, global attention has focused on developing renewable and clean sources of energy. Although geothermal energy is considered one of the most promising sources of renewable and clean energy, it may not be as benign as widely believed. In this paper, we evaluate the environmental challenges for geothermal resource extraction and describe potential reclamation strategies for disturbed ecosystems. Generally, the environmental impacts of geothermal power generation and direct use are minor and in most cases controllable. Geothermal plants have low emissions of carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, and ammonia, and low land and water usage; these impacts can be minimized through appropriate mitigation measures. Other potential emissions such as mercury, boron, and arsenic may result in local and regional environmental consequences, although their impacts are poorly understood on a global scale. Geothermal plants can alter vegetation and wildlife habitat by reducing species diversity and community composition. There are small risks of subsidence, induced seismicity, and landslides, with potential serious consequences. Integration of timely reclamation during and after plant operation can significantly contribute to reducing long term reclamation costs while enhancing ecosystem recovery. This paper is expected to contribute to understanding environmental impacts associated with geothermal energy production and to determining appropriate mitigation and land reclamation strategies.

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NAKATA, Toshihiko, Shogo WATANABE, and Takaaki FURUBAYASHI. "Allocating Optimum Aircrafts for Less Environmental Impacts and Future Carbon Emission Mitigation." JOURNAL OF THE JAPAN SOCIETY FOR AERONAUTICAL AND SPACE SCIENCES 62, no. 5 (2014): 157–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2322/jjsass.62.157.

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Gerssen-Gondelach, Sarah J., Birka Wicke, and Andre P. C. Faaij. "GHG emissions and other environmental impacts of indirect land use change mitigation." GCB Bioenergy 9, no. 4 (August 18, 2016): 725–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12394.

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Li, Xiaopeng, Jianxun Cui, Shi An, and Mohsen Parsafard. "Stop-and-go traffic analysis: Theoretical properties, environmental impacts and oscillation mitigation." Transportation Research Part B: Methodological 70 (December 2014): 319–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trb.2014.09.014.

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Enríquez-de-Salamanca, Álvaro. "Environmental impacts of climate change adaptation of road pavements and mitigation options." International Journal of Pavement Engineering 20, no. 6 (May 11, 2017): 691–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10298436.2017.1326236.

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Coffin, Scott, Holly Wyer, and J. C. Leapman. "Addressing the environmental and health impacts of microplastics requires open collaboration between diverse sectors." PLOS Biology 19, no. 3 (March 30, 2021): e3000932. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3000932.

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Public concern over the environmental and public health impacts of the emerging contaminant class “microplastics” has recently prompted government agencies to consider mitigation efforts. Microplastics do not easily fit within traditional risk-based regulatory frameworks because their persistence and extreme diversity (of size, shape, and chemical properties associated with sorbed chemicals) result in high levels of uncertainty in hazard and exposure estimates. Due to these serious complexities, addressing microplastics’ impacts requires open collaboration between scientists, regulators, and policymakers. Here we describe ongoing international mitigation efforts, with California as a case study, and draw lessons from a similarly diverse and environmentally persistent class of emerging contaminants (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances) that is already disrupting traditional regulatory paradigms, discuss strategies to address challenges associated with developing health-protective regulations and policies related to microplastics, and suggest ways to maximize impacts of research.

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Zhang, Yu-Liang, Qi-Yu Xia, Xiao-Qi Jiang, Wei Hu, Xiao-Xue Ye, Qi-Xing Huang, Si-Bin Yu, An-Ping Guo, and Bao-Rong Lu. "Reducing Seed Shattering in Weedy Rice by Editing SH4 and qSH1 Genes: Implications in Environmental Biosafety and Weed Control through Transgene Mitigation." Biology 11, no. 12 (December 14, 2022): 1823. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology11121823.

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Mitigating the function of acquired transgenes in crop wild/weedy relatives can provide an ideal strategy to reduce the possible undesired environmental impacts of pollen-mediated transgene flow from genetically engineered (GE) crops. To explore a transgene mitigation system in rice, we edited the seed-shattering genes, SH4 and qSH1, using a weedy rice line (“C9”) that originally had strong seed shattering. We also analyzed seed size-related traits, the total genomic transcriptomic data, and RT-qPCR expression of the SH4 or qSH1 gene-edited and SH4/qSH1 gene-edited weedy rice lines. Substantially reduced seed shattering was observed in all gene-edited weedy rice lines. The single gene-edited weedy rice lines, either the SH4 or qSH1 gene, did not show a consistent reduction in their seed size-related traits. In addition, reduced seed shattering was closely linked with the weakness and absence of abscission layers and reduced abscisic acid (ABA). Additionally, the genes closely associated with ABA biosynthesis and signaling transduction, as well as cell-wall hydrolysis, were downregulated in all gene-edited weedy rice lines. These findings facilitate our deep insights into the underlying mechanisms of reduced seed shattering in plants in the rice genus Oryza. In addition, such a mitigating technology also has practical applications for reducing the potential adverse environmental impacts caused by transgene flow and for managing the infestation of weedy rice by acquiring the mitigator from GE rice cultivars through natural gene flow.

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Angot, Hélène, Nicholas Hoffman, Amanda Giang, Colin P. Thackray, Ashley N. Hendricks, Noel R. Urban, and Noelle E. Selin. "Global and Local Impacts of Delayed Mercury Mitigation Efforts." Environmental Science & Technology 52, no. 22 (October 30, 2018): 12968–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b04542.

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Glasson, John, Bridget Durning, and Kellie Welch. "The Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms (OWFs) on Local Tourism and Recreation -- Evolving Lessons from Practice." Journal of Energy and Power Technology 04, no. 04 (November 16, 2022): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21926/jept.2204037.

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The article examines the nature of impacts of the rapidly growing Offshore Wind Farm (OWF) industry on tourism and recreation in coastal communities, especially in the UK. The multi-methods research approach includes reviews of literature, content of OWF Environmental Statements (ESs) for predicted impacts, recent practice for actual impacts, and the use of mitigation and enhancement measures. Findings from literature indicate that the overall impact on tourism appears relatively benign, and sometimes positive. The UK ES review identified tourism as an important topic, identifying mostly no/negligible predicted negative impacts, and some examples of predicted positive impacts. There is limited use of enhancement measures, including visitor centres and boat trips, and a previously under-reported use of developer community benefits funding for local area recreation and tourism facilities. Recommendations include early engagement with the community, developer long-term commitment to mitigation and enhancement measures, plus monitoring of tourism and recreation impacts over time.

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Khayyam, Umer, Rida Bano, and Shahzad Alvi. "Towards Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation." Comparative Sociology 20, no. 1 (March 24, 2021): 138–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691330-bja10028.

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Abstract Global climate change is one of the main threats facing humanity and the impacts on natural systems as well as humans are expected to be severe. People can take action against these threats through two approaches: mitigation and adaptation. However, mitigations and adaptations are contingent on the level of motivation and awareness, as well as socio-economic and environmental conditions. This study examined personal perception and motivation to mitigate and adapt to climate change among the university students in the capital city of Pakistan. We divided the respondents into social sciences, applied sciences and natural sciences, using logistic regression analysis. The results indicated that students who perceive severity, benefits from preparation, and have more information about climate change were 1.57, 4.98 and 1.63 times more likely to take mitigation and 1.47, 1.14 and 1.17 times more likely to take adaptation measures, respectively. Students who perceived self-efficacy, obstacles to protect from the negative consequences of climate change and who belonged to affluent families were more likely to take mitigation measures and less likely to take adaptation strategies. However, mitigation and adaptation were unaffected by age, gender and study discipline.

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Thanju, Rajendra P. "Kali Gandaki ‘A’ Hydroelectric Project in Environmental Perspectives." Hydro Nepal: Journal of Water, Energy and Environment 1 (February 14, 2008): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hn.v1i0.880.

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Hydropower is one of the cleanest, renewable and environmentally benign sources of energy. Nepal is blessed with immense source of water resources and huge hydropower potential. The Kali Gandaki ‘A’ (KGA) Hydroelectric Project is the largest hydropower project constructed so far in Nepal. The project is a daily pondage type scheme with an installed capacity of 144 MW. The KGA is one of the first largest hydropower projects that has been well studied environmentally and socially in the pre-project, construction and operation stages. A full team of multi-disciplinary professionals was involved during the construction phase to monitor environmental impacts and compliance with contract clauses, and to implement the mitigation measures. Implementation of KGA in what was once considered as a remote area, has resulted in multifold beneficial impacts to the local community. Improvement of public infrastructure, enhanced educational facilities and employment of local populations, including affected families during project construction and operation phase, have enhanced the quality of rural lives. The KGA operation has contributed significantly to Nepal’s power system and has boosted the economic development of the country. Key words: Hydropower; environmental monitoring; impacts; mitigation; resettlement; Nepal Hydro Nepal: Journal of Water, Energy and Environment Vol. I No. 1, 2007 pp. 15-21

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Balogh, Jeremiás Máté, and Tamás Mizik. "Global Impacts of Climate Policy and Trade Agreements on Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Agriculture 13, no. 2 (February 10, 2023): 424. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13020424.

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To limit increasing air pollution and fossil- energy production, several environmental and climate agreements have been established globally. In addition, trade agreements could also serve to achieve climate-mitigation goals, through a trade policy with environmental regulation. By removing tariffs and harmonizing standards on environmentally friendly products and eliminating distortionary subsidies on fossil-energy production, climate change can be mitigated. The objective of the research is to explore the effects of economic growth, international trade agreements and climate conventions on greenhouse gas emissions between 1990 and 2019, at the global level. As an econometric method, an air-pollution function is estimated by panel-regression models. The results confirm that global climate agreements have a significant, but only small, mitigating impact on global greenhouse-gas emissions. The results supported the inverted-U-shaped environmental Kuznets curve. In contrast, the environmental impacts of free-trade agreements had ambiguous results on emissions, as the members of the World Trade Organization contributed to the decrease in air pollution, while countries that signed the regional trade agreements were unable to limit emissions.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Environmental impacts mitigation'

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