Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Environmental impact assessment'
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1
Lochner, Paul. "NM2002 impact assessment : impact assessment report." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17325.
Abstract:
Bibliography: p. 94-95.The purpose of this report is to: * assess the biophysical and socio-economic impacts of closure of De Beers Namaqualand Mines (DBNM) * provide preliminary suggestions for mitigation measures. DBNM anticipate that they will close in approximately 10 years' time. By the year 2002, all diamond deposits which are currently economically viable to mine on a large-scale would have been exploited. Closure is anticipated to have a significant impact on DBNM employees, their households, and towns where the households of employees live. Furthermore, closure is anticipated to have a significant impact on the Namaqualand economy. Therefore, DBNM commissioned the EEU to undertake an assessment of the impacts resulting from mine closure, to ascertain the effects on their employers and their affected households and communities. Through discussions with DBNM the scope for this assessment was established: * Briefly to describe the current biophysical, social and economic environments in Namaqualand and identify different trends in the region. * To assess in detail the socio-economic impacts resulting from the closure of DBNM. In addition, this report considers the impacts on the biophysical environment resulting from the closure of DBNM, because the socio-economic well-being of employees from rural areas of Namaqualand and Transkei is intrinsically linked to changes in the biophysical environment. Lastly, this report also contains preliminary suggestions for mitigating the impacts of closure.
2
Avis, Jeremy Estrup. "LHDA 1000 impact assessment : impact assessment report." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/18877.
Abstract:
Summary in English.The purpose of this report is to present an impact assessment of two possible access routes to the Mohale Dam in Lesotho, namely the Western Access Road and the Least Cost Alternative Route. It is an academic work to demonstrate an adequate grasp of principles, methods and techniques appropriate to the assessment, termed LHDA 1000. The water resources of Lesotho are being exploited to augment the current supply to the PWV industrial area of the Republic of South Africa, in terms of the Lesotho Highlands Water Project. This project is being implemented in phases. Phase lA, currently being constructed, involves the damming of the Malibamatso River at Katse in the Maluti Mountains (Figure1), a transfer tunnel through the mountains, a hydroelectric power station at 'Muela in Lesotho, and a delivery tunnel under the Caledon River to the Ash River (a tributary of the Vaal River which feeds the primary PW impoundment, the Vaal Dam) in the South Africa.
3
Joshi, Meera. "Environmental impact assessment in Nepal /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 1997. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09envj83.pdf.
4
Tu, Shih-Liang. "Environmental impact assessment in Taiwan." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/78066.
Abstract:
Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 1986.MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ROTCH
Bibliography: leaves 129-137.
by Shih-Liang Tu.
M.C.P.
5
To, Man-ping Mandy. "Environmental impact assessment in Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk:8888/cgi-bin/hkuto%5Ftoc%5Fpdf?B23425131.
6
Ahammed, A. K. M. Rafique. "Development of environmental impact assessment in Bangladesh." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09enva285.pdf.
7
To, Man-ping Mandy, and 杜曼萍. "Environmental impact assessment in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31255115.
8
Hickie, David S. "The development of environmental assessment processes for projects within the water environment." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1998. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/33020.
Abstract:
One of the major tools for assisting in the implementation of sustainable development is environmental assessment (EA). This thesis has sought to develop a model and associated techniques required to provide an effective and efficient EA of projects in the water environment. The challenge has been to integrate a number of disparate elements into a cohesive model that provides workable procedures and outputs. The conceptual elements of the EA process have included the needs of environmental ethics and values; the political decision-making processes; current legislation and policy; the communication of infonnation for a range internal and external stakeholders and decisionmakers; the links with technical and economic issues; and The Environmental Agency's project management systems.
9
Kahatt, Karim, and Cecilia Azerrad. "From the quantitative to the qualitative criterion in environmental impact assessment." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2013. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/116559.
Abstract:
The essay discusses the criteria available in Peru’s environmental impact assessment regime for mandatory modification of environmental impact studies as a result of the modification of the underlying project. The paper identifies the gaps in the cross-sector legislation on environmental impact assessment, and the deficiencies of sector-specific legislation on environmental impact assessment, which have privileged quantitative criteria associated to the size of the project, over qualitative criteria associated to the real impact of the amendment of the project.El ensayo analiza los criterios previstos en el régimen de evaluación de impacto ambiental peruano para determinar la obligatoriedad de la modificación de los estudios de impacto ambiental como consecuencia de la modificación de los proyectos. Identifica los vacíos existentes en la legislación transectorial y las deficiencias de los regímenes sectoriales, los que han privilegiado criterios de determinación fundamentalmente cuantitativos asociados a la magnitud del proyecto, sobre criterios cualitativos asociados al real impacto de la modificación.
10
Wallington, Tabatha Jean. "Civic environmental pragmatism: a dialogical framework for strategic environmental assessment." Thesis, Wallington, Tabatha Jean (2002) Civic environmental pragmatism: a dialogical framework for strategic environmental assessment. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2002. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/385/.
Abstract:
Questions of uncertainty and value conflict are increasingly pervasive challenges confronting policy makers seeking to address the range of environmental problems generated by contemporary technological systems. Yet these questions are ultimately political and moral in nature, and require a framework of strategic environmental assessment (SEA) that is marked by informed and democratic civic governance. Reflecting this, the original, civic purposes of environmental assessment (EA) embraced science and public participation as interdependent elements in the creation of more sustaining forms of human-nature interaction.
However, formal models of EA have forsaken meaningful democratic engagement to technique. Based on the instrumentalist assumption that better science automatically leads to better policy, EA has externalised the civic source of political energy that underpins its environmental expertise. Moreover, debates become polarised when science is uncritically imported into the adversarial forums of interest-based politics, so that environmental science is increasingly unable to support political action. I shall argue that the revolutionary potential of SEA to transform the policy process rests upon a recovery of its original, civic purposes.
My thesis is that a deeper understanding of the relationship between scientific knowledge and political action is required if SEA is to be rigorous, and also relevant to public concerns. Philosophical pragmatism contributes epistemological resources vital to this task. By situating knowledge in the context of practice, and by recognising the dialogical, judgmental nature of rationality, the practical philosophy of pragmatism reclaims the contextually embedded nature of inquiry. When science is embedded in a wider ethical context, the meaning and purposes of environmental knowledge become central questions of policy.
The procedural ethics of both liberal and Habermasian politics cannot address these questions, however, because they relegate questions of the public good to the realm of individual choice. Instead, I argue that public dialogue, guided by a praxisoriented virtue ethics, is required to recover objective environmental goods in the policy process. I also argue that Aristotlean rhetoric, with its focus on the credibility of expertise, is the mode of persuasive argument most appropriate for dialogical public forums. The public philosophy of civic environmental pragmatism is therefore presented as a richer theoretical framework for understanding the contribution of both experts and citizens in the development of environmental knowledge for policy. As a dialogical framework for SEA, civic environmental pragmatism constructively combines the critical/normative and instrumental/descriptive aspects of policy inquiry, both of which are required in the development of socially robust knowledge and politically feasible policy decisions.
11
Wallington, Tabatha Jean. "Civic environmental pragmatism : a dialogical framework for strategic environmental assessment /." Wallington, Tabatha Jean (2002) Civic environmental pragmatism: a dialogical framework for strategic environmental assessment. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2002. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/385/.
Abstract:
Questions of uncertainty and value conflict are increasingly pervasive challenges confronting policy makers seeking to address the range of environmental problems generated by contemporary technological systems. Yet these questions are ultimately political and moral in nature, and require a framework of strategic environmental assessment (SEA) that is marked by informed and democratic civic governance. Reflecting this, the original, civic purposes of environmental assessment (EA) embraced science and public participation as interdependent elements in the creation of more sustaining forms of human-nature interaction.
However, formal models of EA have forsaken meaningful democratic engagement to technique. Based on the instrumentalist assumption that better science automatically leads to better policy, EA has externalised the civic source of political energy that underpins its environmental expertise. Moreover, debates become polarised when science is uncritically imported into the adversarial forums of interest-based politics, so that environmental science is increasingly unable to support political action. I shall argue that the revolutionary potential of SEA to transform the policy process rests upon a recovery of its original, civic purposes.
My thesis is that a deeper understanding of the relationship between scientific knowledge and political action is required if SEA is to be rigorous, and also relevant to public concerns. Philosophical pragmatism contributes epistemological resources vital to this task. By situating knowledge in the context of practice, and by recognising the dialogical, judgmental nature of rationality, the practical philosophy of pragmatism reclaims the contextually embedded nature of inquiry. When science is embedded in a wider ethical context, the meaning and purposes of environmental knowledge become central questions of policy.
The procedural ethics of both liberal and Habermasian politics cannot address these questions, however, because they relegate questions of the public good to the realm of individual choice. Instead, I argue that public dialogue, guided by a praxisoriented virtue ethics, is required to recover objective environmental goods in the policy process. I also argue that Aristotlean rhetoric, with its focus on the credibility of expertise, is the mode of persuasive argument most appropriate for dialogical public forums. The public philosophy of civic environmental pragmatism is therefore presented as a richer theoretical framework for understanding the contribution of both experts and citizens in the development of environmental knowledge for policy. As a dialogical framework for SEA, civic environmental pragmatism constructively combines the critical/normative and instrumental/descriptive aspects of policy inquiry, both of which are required in the development of socially robust knowledge and politically feasible policy decisions.
12
Verna, Coronado Vito. "Three topics to the evolution of the environmetal impact assessment." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2013. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/116291.
Abstract:
The paper identifies three topics in order to evaluate the improvements in the regulation of the National System of EnvironmentalImpact Assessment, looking to benefit the people’s trust in the environmental certification. The first one consists in the gradual transition from the prevention paradigm to the integration one, as the purpose of the different instruments that compose the system; the second involves the enrichment in the evaluation of the Environmental Impact Study (EIS), by incorporating the scoping phase; and the third involves adopting additional measures that reinforce the independence of the teams in charge of the elaboration and evaluation of the EIS.El artículo identifica tres áreas para evaluar mejoras a la regulacióndel Sistema Nacional de Evaluación de Impacto Ambiental, con miras a favorecer la aparición de confianza ciudadana respecto de la certificación ambiental. La primera tiene que ver con transitar gradualmente del paradigma preventivo al integrativo como finalidad de los instrumentos que componen el sistema; la segunda, con enriquecer la evaluación del estudio de impacto ambiental (EIA) incorporándole una etapa de scoping a cargo del Estado; y la tercera, con adoptar medidas adicionales que refuercen la independencia de los equipos de elaboración y evaluación del EIA.
13
Aubrey, Heidi. "The environmental process performance tool." Thesis, University of Bath, 1998. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.266466.
14
Borland, Nicholas (Nicholas Paul) 1971. "Integrating environmental impact assessment into product design." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/46239.
15
Mesa-Frias, M. "Modelling uncertainty in environmental health impact assessment." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2015. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/2391599/.
Abstract:
Quantifying uncertainty in environmental health impact assessment models is important, particularly if the models are to be used for decision support. This thesis develops a new non-probabilistic framework to quantify uncertainty in environmental health impact assessment models. The framework takes into account two different perspectives of uncertainty: conceptual and analytical in terms of where uncertainty occurs in the model. The first perspective is concerned with uncertainty in the framing assumptions of health impact assessment, whereas the second perspective is concerned with uncertainty in the parameters of a model. The construction of the framework was achieved by focusing on five specific objectives: (i) to describe the complexity of how uncertainty arises in environmental health impact assessment and classify the uncertainty to be amenable for quantitative modelling;(ii) to critically appraise the strengths and limitations of current methods used to handle the uncertainty in environmental health impact assessment; (iii) to develop a novel quantitative framework for quantifying uncertainty from the conceptual and analytical perspectives; (iv) to formulate two detailed case-study examples on health impact assessment of indoor housing interventions; (v) to apply the framework to the two case-studies. After critiquing the uncertainty quantification methods that are currently applied in environmental health impact assessment, the thesis develops the framework for quantifying uncertainty, starting with the conceptual uncertainty (uncertainty associated with the framing assumptions or formulation of the model), then quantifying the analytical uncertainty (uncertainty associated with the input parameters and outputs of the model). The first case-study was concerned with the health impact assessment of improving housing insulation. Using fuzzy cognitive maps, the thesis identifies key indoor factors and their pathways highly sensitive to the framing assumptions of the health impact assessment. The second case-study was concerned with estimating the uncertainty in the health burdens in England, associated with three ventilation exposure scenarios using fuzzy sets and interval analysis. The thesis presents a wider uncertainty framework as a first step forward in quantifying conceptual and analytical uncertainty in environmental health impact assessment when dealing with limited information.
16
Jansson, Maria, and Stina Kilebrand. "Significant environmental impact? Howpresent municipalities its assessment if plans can have significant environmental impact?" Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-124325.
Abstract:
According to Swedish law municipalities have to assess if detailed development plans may lead to a significant effect on the environment, a screening. In this the- sis we have investigated how municipalities present their assessment in the de- tailed development plan brief. We have examined all plans that came into legal force in 2012 in the county of Stockholm 259 plans in total. Of all the plans, 223 include a screening in the detailed development plan brief. We have studied the municipalities explanations, why they make a screening on detailed development plans, if the municipalities provide a statement whether a significant environmental impact may occur or not, and if the municipalities justi- fied their statement. Furthermore, we have studied whether municipalities state that consultations have taken place and if they refers to environment-related doc- uments in their screening. We also have classified the explanation and the justifi- cations as clear or unclear. Finally, we investigated what impact the acreage of the plan has on the screening. Almost all plans with a screening in the detailed development plan brief make statement. About a quarter of the plans making a statement lacks justifications. For more than half of the plans with statement and justification, the justification is unclear. We have observed that plans prepared in a simplified way have poorer screenings. Furthermore, the result implies that the quality of screenings is higher for plans concerning national interest and/or shore protection and for plans primarily con- cerning green land. We can see that the number of plans that may lead to signifi- cant environmental effects increases with larger plan areas, as does the amount of clear justifications. Out of all plans, only 3.5 percent was considered being able to cause such a significant effect on the environment that an environmental impact assessment was conducted. Finally, we suggest a law enforcement that the screenings must be presented in the detailed development plan brief. Additionally, we think that the legislation con- cerning screenings has to be clearer, simpler and more specific.Vi tycker slutligen att det ska lagstadgas att kommuners bedömning av detaljpla- ners miljöpåverkan ska redovisas i planbeskrivningen. Vidare anser vi att lagtex- ten på området måste förtydligas, bli mer specifik och förenklas. Enligt gällande rätt ska kommuner göra en bedömning av om planer kan medföra betydande miljöpåverkan, en så kallad behovsbedömning. I detta examensarbete har undersökts hur kommuner redovisar sin bedömning i planbeskrivningen. Samtliga detaljplaner som vann laga kraft år 2012 i Stockholms län studerats, to- talt 259 planer. Av samtliga planer har 223 stycken en behovsbedömning i plan- beskrivningen. Vi har studerat om kommunerna förklarar varför de behovsbedömer detaljplaner, om kommunerna gjort ett ställningstagande till om en betydande miljöpåverkan kan uppkomma och om kommunerna motiverat sina ställningstaganden med skäl. Vidare har studerats om kommunerna redovisat att samråd enligt förordningen om miljökonsekvensbeskrivningar ägt rum och om kommunerna hänvisar till miljöre- laterade dokument i bedömningen. Vi har även klassat förklaringen och skälen som tydliga respektive otydliga. Därtill har vi studerat hur planområdenas storlek påverkar behovsbedömningen. Nästan alla planer med en behovsbedömning i planbeskrivningen har ett ställ- ningstagande. Cirka en fjärdedel av planerna med ställningstagande saknar skäl och mer än hälften av planerna med skäl har otydliga skäl. Vi har observerat att planer som upprättas med enkelt planförfarande har behovs- bedömningar av lägre kvalité. Vidare talar resultatet för att kommunerna genom- för behovsbedömningarna bättre när planer berör riksintresse och/eller strand- skydd samt när planer främst avser grönmark. Vi kan se en ökning av antal miljö- bedömningar och andelen tydliga skäl ju större planareorna blir. Av samtliga pla- ner ansågs endast 3,5 procent kunna medföra en betydande miljöpåverkan.
17
林景光 and King-kong Lam. "Environmental impact assessment: impact on land-use & infrastructure design." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31980211.
18
Lam, King-kong. "Environmental impact assessment : impact on land-use & infrastructure design /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25799794.
19
Tam, Tze-hoi Tom. "An assessment of the effectiveness of the environmental impact assessment (EIA) system in Hong Kong /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36762672.
20
Rosly, Dahlia. "Social impacts in the environmental impact assessment of light rail transit." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.337197.
21
Kwan, Ping-chung Benny. "Comprehensive rewiew of Hong Kong's environmental impact assessment (EIA) system /." [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1995. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B14803240.
22
Zubir, Zainab. "Environmental monetary valuation in environmental impact assessment (EIA) : a Malaysian perspective." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2006. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU222187.
Abstract:
This thesis examines environmental impact assessment (EIA) practices and limitations in Malaysia, and assesses the potential for integrating environmental monetary valuation to the EIA process. This thesis has four research objectives: 1) to analyse the application of EIA in Malaysia and to identify the current practices particularly with respect to valuing environmental impacts; 2) to identify appropriate environmental monetary valuation techniques that could be used in EIA; 3) to apply an appropriate environmental monetary valuation technique to Malaysian EIA through a case study; and 4) to provide an initial evaluation of the proposed technique by EIA practitioners. The content analysis of 165 EIA reports indicates a lack of environmental monetary valuation in EIA in Malaysia, and that project costs were poorly presented. In addition, the semi-structured interviews indicate that the quality of EIA in Malaysia depends on the quality and experiences of the EIA consultants. The case study using CV MS technique in EIA indicated that CV MS is an appropriate technique in the Malaysian context. It is concluded that the CV MS technique can facilitate wider public participation in EIA for a balanced and societal decision for economic development and environmental protection. As a result, CV MS can bring together scientific, social, and economic input within EIA reporting. This thesis concludes with recommendation for integrating the CV MS technique to the EIA process in Malaysia, and makes suggestions regarding how the limitations of CV MS in EIA might be overcome to ensure a balance between development needs and Malaysian environmental objectives within the context of the Malaysian people.
23
Sun, Mingbo Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "Integrated environmental assessment of industrial products." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, 2004. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/20587.
Abstract:
Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) has been successfully used as an environmental assessment tool for the development of ecologically sustainable products. The application of LCA in the early design stage has been constrained by the requirement of large amounts of data and time for carrying out the assessment. In addition, the complexity of LCA causes further difficulties for product developers. In order to integrate the environmental assessment into the process of product development, this research proposes an integrated decision model for sustainable product development and a simplified LCA approach for the application in the early stage of product design. The main advantage of the proposed model is that it incorporates the environmental aspects of product development into the existing product development framework. It enables designers to strike a balance between the product???s environmental performance and other traditional design objectives. The simplified LCA approach is based on the concept and application of Environmental Impact Drivers. Material-based environmental impacts and Energy-based environmental impacts are used to predict the total environmental impact of a product. Two sets of impact drivers were developed accordingly. The Material-based Impact Drivers were identified by classifying materials into 16 groups according to the nature of the materials and their environmental performance. Energy-based Impact Drivers were developed for various energy sources in major industrial regions. Product LCA cases were used to verify the proposed methods. The results computed by the application of the impact drivers were compared with the results of full LCA studies. It is concluded that with the proposed approach, the product???s environmental performance can be assessed in a very short time and with very basic data input requirements and acceptable accuracy.
24
Lemons, Kenneth Elvert. "A comparative study of technology assessment, social impact assessment and environmental impact assessment in developed and less developed countries : 1980-1994." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28952.
25
Lindberg, Johanna. "Swedish environmental quality criteria : the challenge of classifying surface waters /." Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniv, 2001. http://info1.ma.slu.se/IMA/Publikationer/internserie/2001-11.pdf.
26
Sandoval, Maitê de Souza. "Proposta de padronização em avaliação de impactos ambientais /." Rio Claro : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/92754.
Abstract:
Orientador: Leandro Eugenio da Silva CerriBanca: Fábio Augusto Gomes de Vieira Reis
Banca: Flávio Henrique Mingante Schlittler
Resumo: A avaliação da significância dos impactos ambientais continua a ser um importante componente crítico ainda mal compreendido da prática da avaliação de impactos ambientais. Este trabalho é um estudo sobre as conclusões de uma revisão bibliográfica sobre a avaliação e comunicação de avaliação do impacto ambiental praticada no Brasil. É dada especial atenção para a importância da utilização de critérios, padrões e métodos de avaliação de impactos ambientais que pretendendo incorporar mais eficiência nos estudos de impacto ambiental. Assim, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi a realização de uma proposta, incluindo o desenvolvimento de procedimentos e aplicar na avaliação de impactos ambientais situações relativas à sua formulação, aplicação e interpretação da significância dos critérios, conclusões e recomendações pertinentes para respeitar o objetivo da avaliação de impacto ambiental que é garantir a viabilidade ambiental das atividades humanas.
Abstract: The evaluation of the significance of environmental impacts remains an important critical yet poorly understood component of environmental impact assessment practice. This work is a study upon the findings of a bibliographic review about the evaluation and communication of environmental impact assessment in Brazil practice. Particular attention is given to the use of significance criteria, thresholds and EIA methodologies intending to incorporate more efficiency of environmental impact statement. Thus, the aim of this research was the accomplishment of a proposal including the development of procedures to apply in EIA issues surrounding the formulation, application and interpretation of significance criteria, conclusions and recommendations relevant to respect the aim of EIA that in provide environmental viability of men activities.
Mestre
27
Gontier, Mikael. "Biodiversity in environmental assessment : tools for impact prediction." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Land and Water Resources Engineering, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-278.
Abstract:
Urbanisation and infrastructure developments impact on the surrounding natural environment and threaten biodiversity. The fragmentation of natural habitats in particular is a major obstacle for the preservation of biodiversity in a long-term perspective. In the planning process, both the environmental impact assessment and strategic environmental assessment processes play a central role in the identification and prediction of impacts on biodiversity. At the same time, the devel-opment of GIS technologies and GIS-based ecological models offer new perspectives in the elaboration of predictions. In order to analyse current practices and identify the need for im-provements in the environmental impact process, a review of environmental impact assessment reports was carried out. Further, a review of existing GIS methods and GIS-based ecological models is presented. The results of the review of environmental impact assessment reports show a lack of predictions in current biodiversity assessments. These asssessments often concentrate on impacts at the local scale, failing to consider large-scale and widespread impacts at the ecosys-tem and landscape levels. The review of GIS methods and GIS-based ecological models demon-strate the possibility to generate quantitative predictions for a specific area as well as for it’s sur-rounding environment. At the same time, the flexibility and reproducibility of such methods would allow predictions to be made for different alternatives or scenarios, therefore providing decision makers with relevant information of potential impacts on biodiversity. This would, in turn, result in an improved integration of biodiversity issues in physical planning and contribute to a sustainable development.
28
Kandaswamy, Suresh V. "Public participation within environmental impact assessment in India." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0007/MQ42335.pdf.
29
Howe, Stuart. "Environmental impact assessment and optimisation of commercial aviation." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2011. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/7358.
Abstract:
The aviation industry represents approximately 3% of global greenhouse gas
emissions, however with significant growth expected over the coming decades
this proportion is expected to increase. Continued governmental and social
pressure to reduce global emissions is posing a challenging question to the
industry; how to improve environmental efficiency and reduce emissions with
increasing industry growth.
The environmental impact of aviation globally is discussed, examining the
significant emissions and protocols that exist and their relative impacts both
environmentally and economically. The viability of alternative biofuels is
discussed, determining the life cycle environmental impact of future
replacements to kerosene based jet fuel.
This thesis therefore aims to provide an understanding of the fundamentals of
aviation emissions but also most importantly provide possible solutions to assist
the industry in reducing its emissions ‘footprint’. An important factor in
determining efficiency improvements is to understand the impact of particular
stages of an aircraft life and the impact they have individually. This was
achieved using an established methodology called Life Cycle Assessment
(LCA), which is an efficient tool for the analytical consideration of the
environmental impact of manufacturing, operation and decommissioning.
The results of a comprehensive LCA study of an Airbus A320 are documented
considering all phases of the service life. The study draws useful conclusions,
indicating the significance of special materials such as carbon fibre reinforced
plastic (CFRP) on the total manufacturing emissions of the aircraft and
indicating its operational phase as the one contributing most in its
environmental performance breakdown.
The thesis also examines short-term efficiencies for emissions reduction in
commercial aviation, focussing on improvements in aircraft routing. The
initiation of the EU emissions trading system (ETS) within European aviation willincentivise airlines to reduce their annual CO2 emissions. An alternative routing
strategy is proposed for selected long haul routes, which introduces multiple
stages into the route utilising two aircraft and is shown to reduce total CO2
emissions by up to 13.7%. Combined with blended biofuel, this reduction was
estimated to increase to 16.6% with a reduction in ticket fares estimated to be
as high as $19 per passenger per flight.
30
Egler, Paulo CeÌsar Gonçalves. "Improving the environmental impact assessment process in Brazil." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.267563.
31
Bianquis, Rosalie J. (Rosalie Julia). "Assessment methodology for the environmental impact of bridges." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/99586.
Abstract:
Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2015.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. Title appears above thesis title on Abstract page: Assessment Methodology for Environmental Impact of Bridges - 2015.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 86-87).
Residential and commercial buildings and transportation represent 21% of the global greenhouse gas emissions in the world. In the United States, this percentile goes up to 38% of the greenhouse gas emissions of the country. Since the structures account for the highest material weight in buildings, any reduction in the emissions due to structures (their construction, operation, maintenance, and end of life) can have a real impact on the total emissions of greenhouse gases in the world. Many rating systems have been established to evaluate the performance of buildings and their environmental impact. However, less work has been done for bridges. The existing ratings system for buildings cannot yet be adapted to bridges because of the different use of these structures. Indeed, while a building would have important emissions during the operation phase, a bridge would have practically none. Moreover, the bridge creates a shorter path for cars to travel and therefore it can actually reduce some emissions due to the cars and other vehicles. Many other differences show that to evaluate the environmental impact of bridges and their part in the global warming, a new set of studies needs to be conducted. This thesis will develop a methodology to evaluate the environmental impact of bridges, mainly focusing on road bridges: first, by developing a methodology assessing embodied carbon of bridges instead of buildings, second by applying this method to fifteen footbridges and six road bridges, and third by including traffic, operation and maintenance into carbon accounting and conducting three cases studies. The results show that the footbridges emit on average 419 kgco2e/m 2. Road bridges emit on average 1347 kgco2e/m2 for road bridges with a length under 1000m and 3446kgco2r/m2 for the others. Finally, it shows how important the operation phase is compared to the maintenance phase.
by Rosalie J. Bianquis.
M. Eng.
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Київ, Вікторія Олегівна. "Environmental Impact Assessment when Building Materials Open Mining." Thesis, Національний авіаційний університет, 2020. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/49659.
Abstract:
Робота публікується згідно наказу ректора від 21.01.2020 р. №008/од "Про перевірку кваліфікаційних робіт на академічний плагіат у 2019-2020 навчальному році". Керівник проекту: доцент, к. геол.-мін. н. Дудар Тамара Вікторівна.Object of research – Horodenkivske deposit of brick raw materials in Ivano-Frankivsk region, as a threat to the ecology of society, mining industry. Aim оf work – assessment of technogenic loads and the analysis of ecological safety. Mehods of research: estimation by type and amount of expected waste, emissions (discharges), water, air, soil and subsoil pollution, noise, vibration, light, heat and radiation pollution, as well as radiation resulting from preparatory and construction work and planned activities.
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Київ, Вікторія Олегівна. "Environmental Impact Assessment when Building Materials Open Mining." Thesis, Національний авіаційний університет, 2020. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/43484.
Abstract:
Робота публікується згідно наказу ректора від 21.01.2020 р. №008/од "Про перевірку кваліфікаційних робіт на академічний плагіат у 2019-2020 навчальному році". Керівник проекту: доцент, к. геол.-мін. н. Дудар Тамара Вікторівна.Object of research – Horodenkivske deposit of brick raw materials in Ivano-Frankivsk region, as a threat to the ecology of society, mining industry. Aim оf work – assessment of technogenic loads and the analysis of ecological safety. Mehods of research: estimation by type and amount of expected waste, emissions (discharges), water, air, soil and subsoil pollution, noise, vibration, light, heat and radiation pollution, as well as radiation resulting from preparatory and construction work and planned activities.
34
Balasubrahmanyam, Sunil K. "Environmental impact assessment under NEPA : a redundant mechanism? /." Diss., This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-02052007-081248/.
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Berger, Karin, and Emmanouil Garyfalakis. "Environmental Impact Assessment of road transportation : Analysis to measure environmental impacts of road transportation basedon a company case." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Centre of Logistics and Supply Chain Management, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-19035.
Abstract:
Activities, conducted in the logistics sector, contribute to pollute the world. Especially, road transportation contaminates the environment with the release of exhaust emissions. Transport volumes as well as the proportion of the road sector are constantly rising, which intensifies its environmental impacts. In order to determine the main culprits of pollution, Environmental Impact Analysis (EIA) are used. These concepts are mostly ambiguous, fuzzy and hard to present in a comprehensive way. The main purpose of the present thesis is to develop an analysis in order to investigate the environmental impacts of road transportation along a certain supply chain. An academic resource was used as database, in order to develop and test an exhauste mission calculation in cooperation with a case company. Besides CO2, this assessment also focuses on the measurement of other exhauste missions like Nox, PM or CO. Furthermore, economic factors like, costs caused per transport are calculated. Aspects, like capacity utilization, the use of environmentally friendly tires or eco-friendly driving styles, are included in the analysis. These factors influence fuel consumption and thus the final production of exhaust emissions. A detailed description of each factor and calculation step is illustrated in this thesis. Due to a high complexity of transportation, this analysis is limited to road transportation. The fundament of the analysis builds the categorization of crafts due to the Euro standards. Hence, just transports conducted with crafts, manufactured within the European Union, can be evaluated. A validation test and in-depth interviews were conducted in order to approve the practicability of the developed assessment. During this process, strengths and weaknesses of the analysis were identified. Finally, the analysis is critically examined by showing its application constraints as well as prospective development opportunities. An enlargement, to include other transport modes, material handling activities in order to measure impacts during intermodal transportation along a whole transportation chain, is a prospect outlook.
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Sandoval, Maitê de Souza [UNESP]. "Proposta de padronização em avaliação de impactos ambientais." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/92754.
Abstract:
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A avaliação da significância dos impactos ambientais continua a ser um importante componente crítico ainda mal compreendido da prática da avaliação de impactos ambientais. Este trabalho é um estudo sobre as conclusões de uma revisão bibliográfica sobre a avaliação e comunicação de avaliação do impacto ambiental praticada no Brasil. É dada especial atenção para a importância da utilização de critérios, padrões e métodos de avaliação de impactos ambientais que pretendendo incorporar mais eficiência nos estudos de impacto ambiental. Assim, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi a realização de uma proposta, incluindo o desenvolvimento de procedimentos e aplicar na avaliação de impactos ambientais situações relativas à sua formulação, aplicação e interpretação da significância dos critérios, conclusões e recomendações pertinentes para respeitar o objetivo da avaliação de impacto ambiental que é garantir a viabilidade ambiental das atividades humanas.
The evaluation of the significance of environmental impacts remains an important critical yet poorly understood component of environmental impact assessment practice. This work is a study upon the findings of a bibliographic review about the evaluation and communication of environmental impact assessment in Brazil practice. Particular attention is given to the use of significance criteria, thresholds and EIA methodologies intending to incorporate more efficiency of environmental impact statement. Thus, the aim of this research was the accomplishment of a proposal including the development of procedures to apply in EIA issues surrounding the formulation, application and interpretation of significance criteria, conclusions and recommendations relevant to respect the aim of EIA that in provide environmental viability of men activities.
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Wärnbäck, Antoienette. "Cumulative effects in Swedish impact assessment practice /." Uppsala : Dept. of Urban and Rural Development, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2007. http://epsilon.slu.se/10448367.pdf.
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Morris, Mary Lou. "Environmental impact assessment : current problems in Australia and prospects for improvement." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1991. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09envm877.pdf.
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Chu, Hung Viola. "Public participation in the environmental impact assessment system of Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19907266.
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Chan, Tak-yeung. "Environmental impact assessment in Hong Kong : a rubber stamp or an effective tool? /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19946181.
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Marques, Marcelo Sequeira. "Environmental resources valuation in environmental impact assessment: towards an efficient valuation system." Master's thesis, ISA, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/14834.
Abstract:
Mestrado em Engenharia do Ambiente / Instituto Superior de AgronomiaEach European Union state member performs analysis on certain projects possible impacts on the environment through the instrument of Environmental Impact Assessment. This procedure has been implemented on each member state level, being altered and improved e several occasions, finding itself under constant evolution. The content of that assessment verified in the correspondent documents of the EIA, specifically in the Environmental Impact Statement, appear to be somewhat subjective, being that the description of the affected environmental resources by the project implementation under that procedure is presented with a certain level of abstraction. This work looks forward to present ways to enhance the objectivity and consequently the clearness of those Environmental Impact Assessments, focusing mainly on demonstrate the valuation the environmental resources affected by the Environmental Impact Assessment project, allowing a better comprehension by the stakeholders about the real value of the pre-existent resources in the area of the project. The great problematic directly linked to the resources valuation is centred in the easy monetary value attribution whenever a resources has a market price counter pointing the remaining non-marketed resources. Such approach involves the adoption of a classification system of ecosystem goods and services, particularly in this case the Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services that comprises the environmental resources considered in the Environmental Impact Assessments Finally the application of the Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services approach integrated in the Environmental Impact Assessment is demonstrated and the valuation of the environmental resources is performed through the benefit transfer method serving as example for the potentiality of this procedure
N/A
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Sandgathe, Tracey Layne. "Environmental impact assessment and the promise of eco-pragmatism : a consideration of the Canadian Environmental Assessment Act." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/32451.
Abstract:
Because of the potential for development to have negative environmental impacts, one of the most important questions addressed by environmental law and policy is whether and how to allow development to proceed. In Canada this question is answered primarily through environmental impact assessment ("EIA"). At the federal level, EIAs are required under the Canadian Environmental Assessment Act, S.C. 1992, c. 37 ("CEAA") for certain types of proposed projects and activities. Although CEAA's purposes include fostering both a healthy environment and economy, the Act does not provide any instruction on how to balance or choose between these goals in situations where both goals cannot be served. In 1999 Professor Daniel Farber developed a methodology he refers to as 'eco-pragmatism' in an attempt to create a means by which society's competing (and often contrary) values can be balanced and satisfactory trade-offs arrived at. In this thesis the differences between CEAA and eco-pragmatism are explored and consideration is given to whether eco-pragmatism might assist in resolving the value conflicts that often characterize EIAs. Of particular interest is whether Farber's approach might improve the CEAA framework and assist CEAA decision-makers in determining whether proposed projects should be approved. It is argued that although eco-pragmatism is useful, it is not adequate if the ultimate goal is environmental protection that is sustainable into the future. Both CEAA and eco-pragmatism focus on the mitigation of negative environmental effects, rather than on achieving long-term environmental gains or observing a minimum environmental standard. Accordingly, both arguably have the effect of slowing the erosion of environmental quality, but each fails to observe some sort of environmental 'bottom line' that would impose an ultimate limit on negative impact. It is suggested that an ultimate limit is a necessary (albeit difficult) element of environmental law.Law, Peter A. Allard School of
Graduate
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Chan, Yiu-keung. "Review of environmental impact assessment : a comparison between Hong Kong and Canada /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1995. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B14709235.
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Morrison, Rachel. "Biodiversity offsetting and environmental impact assessment : a critical analysis of the use of environmental impact assessment as a vehicle for the operationalisation of biodiversity offsetting." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2017. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/biodiversity-offsetting-and-environmental-impact-assessment-a-critical-analysis-of-the-use-of-environmental-impact-assessment-as-a-vehicle-for-the-operationalisation-of-biodiversity-offsetting(f0104f48-14a3-4c2c-984e-4e98e2636eda).html.
Abstract:
Biodiversity offsetting mechanisms are increasingly applied worldwide as a new solution to the current biodiversity crisis. The offsetting approach is idealised as a means to achieve no net loss of biodiversity. Offsetting mechanisms aim to quantify residual biodiversity losses and enable developers to account for residual impacts off-site. Despite rising global application, the effectiveness of offsetting is by no means assured. The question of whether and how offsetting can be operationalised to achieve no net loss has become a key focal point in debates surrounding their effectiveness. Environmental Impact Assessment, or EIA, has been portrayed as an obvious 'vehicle' for integrating offsetting into existing corporate management systems and planning systems, and therefore a key factor over how offsetting mechanisms operate. This research critically investigated the nature of integration and interactions between EIA and offsetting using a three phase qualitative research design, which brought together analysis of emerging policy, expert interviews and in-depth case studies.
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Silva, João Carlos da. "Avaliação de impactos cumulativos no planejamento ambiental de hidrelétricas na região amazônica: análise a partir dos instrumentos de avaliação de impacto aplicados na bacia do rio Teles Pires." Universidade Nove de Julho, 2017. http://bibliotecatede.uninove.br/handle/tede/1628.
Abstract:
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The importance of preserving the Amazonian biome given its ecological relevance to the planet does not prevent the concentration of energy projects in the Amazon region due to its unique hydro potential. The hydrographic basins of the Amazon River, which includes the Teles Pires River and the Tocantins River, account for about 80% of the new hydroelectric plants planned to meet the demands of electricity in Brazil according to planning documents. The debate about the significant socio-environmental impacts associated with the advance of the hydroelectric frontier for the Amazon region has been intense. In the country since 2003, the hydroelectric sector, besides having their projects evaluated by the Environmental Impact Studies (EIS), also began to be discussed in the context of watersheds through the Integrated Environmental Assessment (IEA). Given the socio-environmental vulnerability of the Amazon region to the construction and operation of hydroelectric plants, it is relevant to discuss the cumulative impacts resulting from multiple hydroelectric plants in the same basin. The objective of this research is to study the environmental studies carried out in the Teles Pires river basin and three hydroelectric projects in this basin, respectively, the Teles Pires river basin IEA and the Colider Hydroelectric plant EIS, the Teles Pires Hydroelectric plant and the Sinop Hydroelectric plant. Thus, it is established as a research question: How the cumulative impacts of hydroelectric projects inserted in a hydrographic basin in the Amazon region are being analyzed in the environmental planning instruments through the Integrated Environmental Assessment and Environmental Impact Study? The general objective of the research is to analyze the evaluation of cumulative impacts from the Teles Pires river basin scale in the Amazon region to the hydroelectric scale by environmental impact assessment instruments applied to the environmental planning of hydroelectric dams. The results of the research show that there is an association between the cumulative impacts presented in the Integrated Environmental Assessment for the Teles Pires river basin and the Environmental Impact Studies of the uses inserted in this basin. The results also point out that the good practices of Cumulative Impact Assessment are present mainly at the river basin level. It is considered that the cumulative impacts of hydroelectric projects inserted in a hydrographic basin in the Amazon region are being analyzed in the environmental planning instruments, mainly through the Integrated Environmental Assessment of the basin and, to a lesser extent, through the Environmental Impact Study of Hydroelectric use.
A importância da preservação do bioma Amazônico dado sua relevância ecológica para o planeta não impede a concentração de projetos de energia na Amazônia motivados pelo seu singular potencial hídrico. As bacias hidrográficas do rio Amazonas, que abrange a do rio Teles Pires, e do rio Tocantins concentram cerca de 80% das novas usinas hidrelétricas previstas para atender as demandas de energia elétrica no Brasil segundo documentos do planejamento. O debate sobre os significativos impactos socioambientais associados ao avanço da fronteira hidrelétrica para a região amazônica tem sido intenso. No país, desde 2003, o setor hidrelétrico além de ter seus empreendimentos avaliados pelos Estudos de Impactos Ambiental (EIA) também passaram a ser discutidos no contexto de bacias hidrográficas por meio da Avaliação Ambiental Integrada (AAI). Dada a vulnerabilidade socioambiental da região amazônica frente à construção e operação das usinas hidrelétricas, torna-se relevante discutir os impactos cumulativos resultantes de múltiplos aproveitamentos hidrelétricos em uma mesma bacia. O objeto da pesquisa refere-se aos estudos ambientais realizados na bacia do rio Teles Pires e em seis aproveitamentos hidrelétricos nesta bacia, respectivamente, a AAI da bacia do rio Teles Pires e os EIAs da UHE Colider, da UHE Teles Pires, da UHE Sinop, da UHE Foz do Apiacás, da UHE São Manoel e da UHE Magessi. Assim, estabelece-se como questão de pesquisa: Como os impactos cumulativos de aproveitamentos hidrelétricos inseridos em bacia hidrográfica na região amazônica estão sendo analisados nos instrumentos de planejamento ambiental por meio da Avaliação Ambiental Integrada e Estudo de Impacto Ambiental? O objetivo geral da pesquisa refere-se a analisar a avaliação de impactos cumulativos desde a escala de bacia do rio Teles Pires na região amazônica até a escala de hidrelétricas por meio dos instrumentos de avaliação de impacto ambiental aplicados ao planejamento ambiental de hidrelétricas. Os resultados da pesquisa mostram que há associação entre os impactos cumulativos apresentados na Avaliação Ambiental Integrada para a bacia hidrográfica do rio Teles Pires e os Estudos de Impacto Ambiental dos aproveitamentos inseridos nesta bacia. Os resultados apontam ainda que as boas práticas de Avaliação de Impactos Cumulativos estão presentes sobretudo no nível de bacia hidrográfica. Considera-se que os impactos cumulativos de aproveitamentos hidrelétricos inseridos em bacia hidrográfica na região amazônica vêm sendo analisados nos instrumentos de planejamento ambiental, principalmente, por meio da Avaliação Ambiental Integrada da bacia e, em menor proporção, por meio do Estudo de Impacto Ambiental do aproveitamento hidrelétrico.
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Burns, Michael Edmund Reid. "Co-evolutionary relationships between environmental ethics and environmental assessment." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52735.
Abstract:
Thesis (PhD) -- University of Stellenbosch, 2002.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The dissertation traces the development of environmental assessment and environmental ethics as these disciplines have evolved independently in response to the global environmental crisis. The aim is to determine the extent to which they can promote the integration of the dissociated objective and subjective spheres of human valuation of the environment. This is a necessary condition, it is argued, for arresting the pathology in the human-environment relationship. The study concludes that both disciplines were initially trapped in narrow, monistic approaches, which rendered them largely ineffective. However, their evolutionary advancement, and a common grounding in a radical conceptualization of sustainable development, greatly enhances their usefulness in environmental decisionmaking.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die verhandeling ondersoek die evolusionêre ontwikkeling van omgewingsimpakbepaling en die filosofie van omgewingsetika, na die ontstaan van die twee disiplines in reaksie tot die globale omgewingskrisis. Die studiedoelwit is om te bepaal tot watter mate hulle die integrasie van die gedissosieerde objektiewe en die subjektiewe sfere van menslikeomgewingswaardering kan bevorder. Daar word geredeneer dat sodanige integrasie noodsaaklik is om die patologie in die verhouding tussen die mens en sy omgewing te stuit. Die belangrikste gevolgtrekking is dat beide disiplines, tydens hulle aanvangsstadia, vasgeval was in 'n monistiese benadering wat hul doeltreffendheid belemmer het. Die onlangse ontwikkeling van omgewingsimpakbepaling en omgewingsetika, sowel as 'n gemeenskaplike uitgangspunt binne 'n radikale vertolking van volhoubare ontwikkeling, versterk grootliks hulle bruikbaarheid vir omgewingsbesluitneming.
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Cheema, Abdul Haleem. "Environmental impact assessment system in Punjab, Pakistan : review and proposals for improvement /." Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19906985.
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Tanner, Diane Janet. "Environmental impact assessment and its role in regional development planning." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/25057.
Abstract:
This study documents strengths and weaknesses inherent in Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), as currently practiced at the federal level in Canada. Two case studies are examined—the Beaufort Sea hydrocarbon development and production Environmental Assessment and Review Process (EARP), and the West Coast offshore hydrocarbon exploration EIA (a joint federal/provincial review). By examining current strengths and weaknesses valuable lessons can be learned and utilized in adapting the role of EIA within wider planning processes. The major objective of this study is to determine how the West Coast EIA can contribute to a more considered approach to development planning in the West Coast region.
The study reviews relevant literature on planning and EIA to provide information on theoretical relationships between EIA and planning. This provided a basis for evaluating strengths and weaknesses of the Beaufort Sea EARP. The West Coast EIA was compared and contrasted to the Beaufort Sea EARP to determine what lessons had been learned from the latter review. Based on this evaluation, suggestions were made on ways in which the West Coast EIA, principally through the panel's recommendations, could contribute both to improvements in EARP, and to effective planning and management of West Coast offshore hydrocarbon resources.
Evaluation of the two case studies revealed that there are both strengths and weaknesses evident in EIA. Major strengths are the comprehensive scope of the reviews, public involvement, and, in the case of the Beaufort Sea EARP, the provision of intervenor funding, and, a unique opportunity to examine government's management capability.
Both EIAs are affected by similar external circumstances--the lack of a coordinated policy and planning framework, and outstanding native claims. The Beaufort Sea EARP panel failed to make the most of its opportunity to address the partial policy and planning vacuum. The West Coast EIA panel still has an opportunity to address the partial vacuum within which it is operating.
The Beaufort Sea EARP and West Coast EIA both examine preliminary project proposals associated with hydrocarbon activities. However, the Beaufort Sea EARP panel provided little guidance on how such preliminary EIAs should be handled in future, or recommendations on subsequent project specific EIA requirements. The thesis suggests ways in which the West Coast EIA can avoid repeating this deficiency.
There is a definite weakness in EARP procedure. As a one-shot approach, EARP focuses on the product (the Environmental Impact Statement) rather than on environmental management as an ongoing, continuous process. Thus, the Beaufort Sea EIA process ended after the panel submitted its Final Report, and it appears that the same will apply for the West Coast. EIA review. Consequently, there is no guarantee that management-oriented monitoring, which should be an integral part of EIA, will be undertaken. This study concludes that if the West Coast EIA is to make a valuable contribution to regional development planning the panel should more fully utilize the information it receives than previous panels have done. Moreover, it must clearly establish and document in its Final Report the major issues and concerns impeding orderly development of the region. How will these concerns interfere with hydrocarbon exploration and other resource uses? How can governments act to resolve these outstanding issues? This requires going beyond merely documenting future data and research requirements to a consideration of the policy, planning and institutional requirements for rational development of West Coast resources.
I suggest several major issues deserving of focused attention: lack of a coordinated regional planning framework; project need assessment; jurisdictional dispute; outstanding native claims; future project specific EIA requirements; community involvement in future assessments; monitoring; intervenor funding; and compensation. The panel, of course, may uncover other issues and concerns.Applied Science, Faculty of
Community and Regional Planning (SCARP), School of
Graduate
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LOMBAARD, DUPRÉ. "A critical assessment of the social and economic aspects of environmental impact of assessment in South Africa." University of the Western Cape, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7507.
Abstract:
>Magister Scientiae - MScMAGISTER SCIENTlAE IN THE FACULTY OF NATURAL SCIENCES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF THE WESTERN CAPE. This thesis focuses on Environmental Impact Assessments (EIA's) as prepared in the Western Cape Province. The thesis attempts to summarise the legal requirements for EIA's and then to analyse two recent assessmentsin the light of the concern raised by Alex Weaver, at the South African chapter of the International Association for Impact Assessment National Conference in 1999, that EIA's~l§_cLI>listoricaily _gisadvantag~and do not give sufficient attention to social impacts. The thesis also attempts to analyse the EIA's and to critically assess whether they comply with the intention of the legal requirements. The applicable legislation and regulations are analysed to determine whether there are sufficient guidelines for practitioners to assessthe socio-economic impacts of development in an equitable manner to the assessmentof the biophysical impacts. It was found that the legislation and the regulations do not provide clear guidance for the consideration of the socia-economic aspects of the environment or impacts in the preparation of EIA's. The EIA's regarding the Relocation Of The Informal Settlement At Stanford and for the Koringberg-Platvlei-MiddelburgWater Supply Pipeline required to provide potable water to rural communities are analysed, as both have socio-economicgoals. In the Stanford case, an informal settlement located on the town's water source has to be relocated to the town, where there is a shortage of land available for development and site-specific impacts on a major employer, with the threat of a potential loss in employment opportunities. In the Koringberg-Platvlei-Middelburg case, the rural community has insufficient potable water and a supply scheme is proposed in a potentially sensitive environment. In order to analyse the two assessments,the ideal EIA and recent trends are first established from literature. Criteria for the assessment of the EIA's are determined and then used to ascertain whether the concern raised by Weaver is correct. In the analysis of the subject EIA's it was found that both address the social issues of concern, albeit without clear guidance from the applicable legislation and regulations. Following on the critical assessmentof the recent EIA's, the thesis provides proposals and stepby-step guidelines for the drafting of EIA's for use by students and inexperienced practitioners in the field of environmental management. Weaver's concern is found to be correct and recommendations are made to adjust the relevant regulations, to give clear guidance for the consideration of seclo-economic concerns in the preparation of EIA's.
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Hansbarger, Jeff Lee. "Mountaintop removal mining an environmental impact assessment (EIA) scoping exercise and impact assessment of mining activities on aquatic resources /." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2000. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1275.
Abstract:
Thesis (M.A.)--West Virginia University, 2000.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains v, 75 p. : ill. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 73-75).