Relevant bibliographies by topics / Environmental impact analysis Developing countries

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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Academic literature on the topic 'Environmental impact analysis Developing countries'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 3 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Environmental impact analysis Developing countries"

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Agarwala, S. B. C., and Asit K. Biswas. "Environmental Impact Analysis for Developing Countries." Environmental Conservation 16, no. 1 (1989): 66–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892900008535.

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Biswas, Asit K. "Recommendations on Environmental Impact Analysis for Developing Countries." Environmental Conservation 16, no. 2 (1989): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892900008997.

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Rogozhina, N. "Globalization and Developing Countries: Environmental Aspect." World Economy and International Relations, no. 4 (2014): 16–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2014-4-16-25.

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In the article the widespread opinion concerning the exclusively negative impact of globalization on environmental situation in developing countries is disputed. But analysis of environmental consequences of trade and investment liberalization in these states proves that the role of foreign investments in deteriorating of national environmental situation is too exaggerated. On the contrary, the "export of environmentalism" is associated with TNK activities. On the one hand, globalization originates new threats. On the other hand, the integration of developing countries into the world economy favors the solution of many environmental problems by attraction of foreign private investments in industrial development and costly infrastructure projects; transfer of clean technology; promotion of international environmental cooperation and increase of environmental responsibility of national business.
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Nijkamp, Peter, and Michiel van Pelt. "Spatial Impact Analysis in Developing Countries: Method and Application." International Regional Science Review 12, no. 2 (August 1989): 211–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016001768901200206.

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Chen, Zhiheng, Yuting Ma, Junyi Hua, Yuanhong Wang, and Hongpeng Guo. "Impacts from Economic Development and Environmental Factors on Life Expectancy: A Comparative Study Based on Data from Both Developed and Developing Countries from 2004 to 2016." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 16 (August 13, 2021): 8559. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168559.

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Both economic development level and environmental factors have significant impacts on life expectancy at birth (LE). This paper takes LE as the research object and selects nine economic and environmental indicators with various impacts on LE. Based on a dataset of economic and environmental indicators of 20 countries from 2004 to 2016, our research uses the Pearson Correlation Coefficient to evaluate the correlation coefficients between the indicators, and we use multiple regression models to measure the impact of each indicator on LE. Based on the results from models and calculations, this study conducts a comparative analysis of the influencing mechanisms of different indicators on LE in both developed and developing countries, with conclusions as follow: (1) GDP per capita and the percentage of forest area to land area have a positive impact on LE in developed countries; however, they have a negative impact on LE in developing countries. Total public expenditure on education as a percentage of GDP and fertilizer consumption have a negative impact on LE in developed countries; however, they have a positive impact on LE in developing countries. Gini coefficient and average annual exposure to PM2.5 have no significant effect on LE in developed countries; however, they have a negative impact on LE in developing countries. Current healthcare expenditures per capita have a negative impact on LE in developed countries, and there is no significant impact on LE in developing countries. (2) The urbanization rate has a significant positive impact on LE in both developed countries and developing countries. Carbon dioxide emissions have a negative impact on LE in both developed and developing countries. (3) In developed countries, GDP per capita has the greatest positive impact on LE, while fertilizer consumption has the greatest negative impact on LE. In developing countries, the urbanization rate has the greatest positive impact on LE, while the Gini coefficient has the greatest negative impact on LE. To improve and prolong LE, it is suggested that countries should prioritize increasing GDP per capita and urbanization level. At the same time, countries should also work on reducing the Gini coefficient and formulating appropriate healthcare and education policies. On the other hand, countries should balance between economic development and environmental protection, putting the emphasis more on environmental protection, reducing environmental pollution, and improving the environment’s ability of self-purification.
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Gamso, Jonas. "Trade Partnerships and Environmental Performance in Developing Countries." Journal of Environment & Development 26, no. 4 (September 15, 2017): 375–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1070496517729727.

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A large scholarship surrounds the relationship between trade and the environment, with much of it centering on whether trade produces a race to the bottom or a race to the top in the environments of developing countries. While the effects of trade on key pollutants and on specific environmental policies have been widely attended to, scholars have not yet considered if and how trade impacts developing nations’ environmental performance, broadly speaking. This is a critical matter, as the effects of trade on the environment can only be appreciated fully through holistic assessment of the environment and environmental protection. The study that follows helps to fill this void through analysis of an all-inclusive measure of environmental performance that encompasses indicators of policy and practice. Findings demonstrate that exporting to the United States and the European Union improves environmental performance in developing countries; however, no such effect accompanies trade with other countries.
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Khan, Hayat, Liu Weili, Itbar Khan, and Sikeo Khamphengxay. "Renewable Energy Consumption, Trade Openness, and Environmental Degradation: A Panel Data Analysis of Developing and Developed Countries." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (March 3, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6691046.

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Studies regarding environmental degradation and its association with different factors have got considerable attention recently in the prevalent literature but with assorted outcomes which have been a guide to the ongoing debate on environmental studies. Energy from renewable sources has been considered beneficial for environmental quality while it is still below the anticipated level especially in developing economies. Openness to trade is important to enhance economic growth while it has been overawed to worsen the quality of environment due to deprived policies especially in developing countries. Subsequently, the present research investigates trade openness, renewable energy consumption, and foreign direct investment in carbon emission in the world developing and developed countries by employing static, dynamic and long run estimators. Trade openness has been found to have a decreasing effect on carbon emission in developed countries while degrading the quality of environment in developing countries while renewable energy consumption enhances environmental quality in both samples. The impact of tourism on carbon emission varies in different samples where FDI increases emission in developed countries while having a negative effect of carbon emission in developing countries. The long run estimators also evidence the existence of long run association among variables. The outcomes of this study have considerable policy implication regarding trade openness policy formulation to upsurge environmental quality especially in developing countries. The study has further suggestions regarding tourism and promoting the use of renewable energy sources by avoiding the use of former’s energy to enhance environmental quality.
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Li, Zhenghui, Hao Dong, Zimei Huang, and Pierre Failler. "Impact of Foreign Direct Investment on Environmental Performance." Sustainability 11, no. 13 (June 27, 2019): 3538. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11133538.

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The paper presents the results of a study that attempts to investigate the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on environmental performance (EP) by constructing a panel quantile regression model. Based on panel data from 1990 to 2014, this study contributes to evaluate the EP of each of the 40 countries using a directional slack-based model considering undesirable output. Our findings reveal several key conclusions: first, FDI has an insignificant influence on EP for the full sample. Second, the impact of FDI on EP between developed and developing countries exists heterogeneity. Furthermore, there is heterogeneity regarding the effect of FDI on EP at different quantiles of EP in developed countries. Specifically, in the developed countries, the effect is statistically insignificant at the lower quantile of EP, then it turns significantly positive at the middle and high quantile, and the positive effect rises with the increase of quantiles of EP. Finally, based on the conclusions of quantitative analysis, some important policy recommendations are proposed: different governments ought to enact different strategies for the introduction of FDI, according to different development situations of different countries.
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Smaliukienė, Rasa. "STAKEHOLDERS’ IMPACT ON THE ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY: MODEL DESIGN AND TESTING." Journal of Business Economics and Management 8, no. 3 (September 30, 2007): 213–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16111699.2007.9636171.

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The study is based on comparative theoretical research into the concepts of corporate social and environmental responsibilities. Multinational enterprises (MNEs) are responsive to the stakeholders’ needs. Therefore, environmental business management was integrated into model of corporate social responsibility. This demonstrates that social processes influencing corporate social responsibility are of equal importance for the development of environmental responsibility. Simultaneously, this theoretical integration leads to an understanding that corporate environmental responsibility may be also introduced into other theoretical models of social responsibility, which assess impacts of stakeholders and other social influences. The empirical research demonstrates that environmental expectations of stakeholders are different in economically different countries. In addition, the stakeholders differently see the functions of business in environmental issues. Qualitative content analysis disclosed what form of environmental responsibility is proper in countries of developed, developing and emerging economies. In developing economies, donations are demanded most of all; in emerging economies exposed to various transformations, there is a need for social investments; in developed economies full business co‐operation is preferred on environmental issues. Most important environmental outcomes of MNEs, as reflected in their annual statements, demonstrate business adaptation to different stakeholders’ expectations built in economically different countries.
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Awais, Muhammad, Alam Khan, and Muhammad Salman Ahmad. "Determinants of health expenditure from global perspective: A panel data analysis." Liberal Arts and Social Sciences International Journal (LASSIJ) 5, no. 1 (June 29, 2021): 482–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.47264/idea.lassij/5.1.31.

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A prominent enhancement in health expenditure is a severe apprehension for the whole world because of the increasing cost of health. Consideration of various aspects that are playing role in the increase of health expenditure need to be considered. Health is one of the significant parts of the world, therefore, improvement in health status has become the main objective of the nations and a top leading goal of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The main goal of the present study is to investigate the worldwide, and income-based categorized countries (developed, developing, and transitional countries) macroeconomic determinants of health expenditure. The aim is to estimate the health expenditures, and its impact on demographic, economic, and environmental determinants. For the empirical analysis, the data was retrieved from the World Bank, covering the time span 2000-2016 for developed, developing, and transitional countries. The results of the study concluded that macroeconomic variables significantly affect health expenditures. Moreover, personal remittances have a dual effect on health expenditure, i.e. a positive impact on transitional economies, while a negative impact on developing economies. In the same way, CO2 emission has a negative impact on worldwide, developed countries.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Environmental impact analysis Developing countries"

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Ahammed, A. K. M. Rafique. "Development of environmental impact assessment in Bangladesh." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09enva285.pdf.

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Onzivu, William. "Health in international environmental law : an analysis of the health objectives and impact of international environmental legal regimes in developing countries with a focus on Africa and the options for reform." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/21621.

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The protection of human health and the environment are two major goals of international environmental law. However, there has been little coherent scrutiny of their scope or implementation at international and domestic levels in developing countries and Africa in particular. This thesis shows that international environmental law regimes with a health protection objective have not maximized opportunities to reinforce the promotion and protection of public health in Africa. Through inter alia a study of sustainable management of shared freshwaters, trans-boundary movement of hazardous wastes and their disposal and international climate law, the thesis shows that a range of legal frameworks comprised of substantive, institutional and procedural law mandates States to advance the health objective in international environmental law. However, the thesis demonstrates the limits of these regimes and suggests options to enhance their potential in promoting and protecting public health. An enhanced framework of adaptive governance is proposed to improve environmental health governance. The thesis illustrates how the discourse on health in international environmental law can strengthen international environmental health governance to improve environmental and public health outcomes. It contains seven publications that analyse the strengths and weaknesses and options for reform of the international environmental law regime for health. The implications of these findings for theory, practice and public policy are discussed.
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Urama, Kevin Chika. "Economic analysis of the environmental impacts of surface irrigation technology in developing countries : the case of Nigeria." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.619826.

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Apedo-Amah, Dedevi S. Marie Christine. "Modelization and analysis of NGOs impact in developing countries." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0234.

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Cette thèse traite des mesures à prendre afin d'assurer le succès de projets de développement exécutés par des firmes privées, et plus particulièrement les Organisations Non Gouvernementales (ONGs). Les ONGs sont des firmes à but non lucratif qui sont semblables aux gouvernements dans leur préoccupation pour le bien-être des bénéficiaires et aux firmes privées standard sur le plan organisationnel. Leur participation aux projets de développement soulève la question de savoir si elles sont plus efficaces que ces entités similaires. Malgré la croissance rapide du secteur ONG, surtout des multinationales basées dans les pays riches avec des branches implantées dans les pays pauvres, peu de recherches en économie de développement se sont intéressées à comment la nature d’une organisation peut affecter son comportement dans l’implémentation des projets de développement. Les trois chapitres de cette thèse soulignent des différences entre Les ONG, les firmes privées et les gouvernements et examinent comment la nature même de chaque type d'organisation affecte sa fourniture de services publics. Les deux questions-clés sont donc pourquoi et sous quelles des conditions choisir une ONG comme fournisseur de biens et services dans le cadre d'un projet de développement, et comment s’assurer que les normes culturelles des bénéficiaires n’affectent négativement la réussite desdits projets
This thesis addresses the question of how to ensure the success of development projects executed by private firms, especially Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs). NGOs are non-profit firms that are similar to governments in their concern about beneficiaries' welfare and to standard private firms in their organizational form. Their involvement in development projects raises the issue of how well they perform in service provision compared to alternative entities. Despite the rapid growth of the non-profit sector, especially international firms based in high-income countries that operate in low-income countries, the existing literature on economic development has hardly investigated the issue of non-profit performance and regulation. The three chapters of this thesis emphasize differences between NGOs and either private for-profit firms or governements, and examine how the very nature of each type of organization affects service provision. The two key questions are why and under which conditions to choose an NGO as goods or services provider in the framework of a development project, and how to ensure beneficiaries' cultural norms do not undermine the success of development projects
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Sunderland, Alexander H. "Fiscal Impact of Privatization in Developing Countries." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2011. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/109.

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This paper examines the fiscal impact of privatization revenues in 47 developing countries. There are many reasons that privatization is attractive for the central government of developing countries. If substantial, these revenues from the sale of state owned enterprises can present a potential solution to persistent deficits. On the other hand, the privatization revenues could be used to finance an even larger deficit. In this paper, I will discuss previous research on the fiscal impact of privatization revenues, the factors that contribute to persistent fiscal budget deficits and explain how empirical research on the fiscal impact of privatization in the developing world is a logical extension of this research. Using data from the World Bank’s Privatization Database on privatization revenues from the years 1988 to 2008 and panel data techniques, I find that an increase in privatization revenues is correlated with a worsening of the fiscal budget balance, lending support to the hypothesis that revenues from the sales of state owned enterprises are used to finance a larger deficit.
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Abdullah, Ramdzani Bin. "An investigation of the early experience of establishing environmental impact assessment in ASEAN countries." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327220.

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Nanbakhsh, H. "Environmental impact assessment of potable water supply and sanitation in rural areas of developing countries." Thesis, University of Salford, 1993. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/14669/.

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The main objective of the present research was to assess the environmental impacts of the provision of potable water supplies and sanitation projects, both during the construction and operation phases. The research was related to rural areas of developing countries. Field research was undertaken in the rural areas of the Northwest and Central regions of Iran. Data were obtained by observations and survey from the field, and a comprehensive questionnaire and literature review. Interviews were carried out by the author in households, particularly women, in four villages with a piped water supply and sanitation facilities, and four villages without such facilities, in the two different regions. To assess the beneficial and negative impacts stemming from the projects, Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) techniques were used. After the application of EIA through the use of checklist of impacts and the Leopold's matrix, results demonstrated that the implementation of water supply and sanitation projects can have several negative impacts on the natural environment, and positive beneficial impacts on the social and economic environment. In relation to water supply and sanitation projects, the most effective EIA method was shown by this study to be the Leopold's matrix. It can identify both positive and negative impacts and the interaction between the project activities and environmental parameters. The most important recommendations that stem from this research are, that project planners and water engineers should employ EIA methods in planning water projects, particularly in the rural areas of developing countries.
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Rosendal, G. Kristin. "Implementing international environmental agreements in developing countries : the creation and impact of the convention on biological diversity /." Oslo : Unipub forlag, Akademika, 1999. http://www.gbv.de/dms/sub-hamburg/303736429.pdf.

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Shrestha, Manish M. "Feasibility of Satellite Water Tanks for Urban Areas in Developing Countries." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1353342510.

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Suazo, Jose A. (Jose Antonio) 1972. "Stages in project financing : a comparative analysis of independent power projects in three Developing countries : India, Indonesia, and Peru." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/84300.

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Books on the topic "Environmental impact analysis Developing countries"

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K, Sammy George, and United Nations Environment Programme, eds. Guidelines to environmental impact assessment, in developing countries. London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1985.

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World Bank. Mainstreaming the Environnment: The World Bank Group and the environment since the Rio Earth Summit. Washington, D.C: The World Bank, 1995.

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Tallskog, Lasse. Environmental assessment in public promotion of exports and investments to developing countries. Helsinki: Diskurssi Ltd., 1999.

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Ecological sustainability and project appraisal: Case studies in developing countries. Aldershot: Avebury, 1993.

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1947-, Dinar Ariel, ed. Climate change and agriculture: An economic analysis of global impacts, adaptation and distributional effects. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 2009.

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Dinar, Ariel, and Robert Mendelsohn. Climate change and agriculture: An economic analysis of global impacts, adaptation and distributional effects. Cheltenham [England]: Elgar, 2009.

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Mendelsohn, Robert O. Climate change and agriculture: An economic analysis of global impacts, adaptation and distributional effects. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 2009.

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Agency, Canadian International Development. Environmental assessment at the Canadian International Development Agency. Ottawa: Canadian International Development Agency, 1996.

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Agency, Canadian International Development. Environmental assessment at the Canadian International Development Agency =: Évaluations environnementales à l'Agence canadienne de développement international. Hull, Qué: Canadian International Development Agency = Agence canadienne de développement international, 1996.

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Valk, H. C. H. G. van der. Ecological impact of pesticide use in developing countries. Netherlands: Ministry of Housing, Physical Planning and Environment, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Environmental impact analysis Developing countries"

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Danlami, Abubakar Hamid, and Shri Dewi Applanaidu. "Sustaining a Cleaner Environment by Curbing Down Biomass Energy Consumption." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 1–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42091-8_211-1.

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AbstractEnvironmental degradation, soil erosion, and desertification are some of the consequences of high rate of traditional biomass fuel use by households in developing countries. The critical issues to raise here are how can these households be encouraged to change their energy consumption behavior? What are the factors that cause the rampant use of biomass fuel in developing countries? How and to what extent can these factors be manipulated so that households in developing countries are encouraged to adopt clean energy fuel an alternative to the most widely used biomass fuel? Therefore, this chapter tries to find answer to the above questions raised, by carrying out an in depth analysis of households’ use of biomass fuel in developing countries using Bauchi State, Nigeria, as the case study. Cluster area sampling technique was utilized to generate the various responses, where a total number of 539 respondents were analyzed. The study estimated ordered logit model to analyze the factors that influence the movement of households along the energy ladder from nonclean energy to the cleaner energy. Furthermore, Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) model was estimated to analyze the impacts of socio-economic, residential, and environmental factors on biomass energy consumption. It was found that age of the household head and his level of education, income, living in urban areas, home ownership, and hours of electricity supply have positive and significant impact on household energy switching from traditional biomass energy use to the cleaner energy. Therefore, policies that will enhance household income and the increase in the availability of cheap cleaner energy will encourage households switching to cleaner energy sources thereby reducing the level of environmental pollution in the study area.
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Danlami, Abubakar Hamid, and Shri Dewi Applanaidu. "Sustaining a Cleaner Environment by Curbing Down Biomass Energy Consumption." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 1423–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_211.

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AbstractEnvironmental degradation, soil erosion, and desertification are some of the consequences of high rate of traditional biomass fuel use by households in developing countries. The critical issues to raise here are how can these households be encouraged to change their energy consumption behavior? What are the factors that cause the rampant use of biomass fuel in developing countries? How and to what extent can these factors be manipulated so that households in developing countries are encouraged to adopt clean energy fuel an alternative to the most widely used biomass fuel? Therefore, this chapter tries to find answer to the above questions raised, by carrying out an in depth analysis of households’ use of biomass fuel in developing countries using Bauchi State, Nigeria, as the case study. Cluster area sampling technique was utilized to generate the various responses, where a total number of 539 respondents were analyzed. The study estimated ordered logit model to analyze the factors that influence the movement of households along the energy ladder from nonclean energy to the cleaner energy. Furthermore, Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) model was estimated to analyze the impacts of socio-economic, residential, and environmental factors on biomass energy consumption. It was found that age of the household head and his level of education, income, living in urban areas, home ownership, and hours of electricity supply have positive and significant impact on household energy switching from traditional biomass energy use to the cleaner energy. Therefore, policies that will enhance household income and the increase in the availability of cheap cleaner energy will encourage households switching to cleaner energy sources thereby reducing the level of environmental pollution in the study area.
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Sikdar, Pradip K. "Environmental Impact Assessment." In Environmental Management: Issues and Concerns in Developing Countries, 253–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62529-0_12.

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Curry, Steve, and John Weiss. "Projects and Environmental Effects." In Project Analysis in Developing Countries, 238–64. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230375116_10.

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George, Clive. "Environmental Impact Prediction and Evaluation." In Environmental Assessment in Developing and Transitional Countries, 85–110. West Sussex, England: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd,., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118685570.ch5.

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Vanclay, Frank. "Social Impact Assessment." In Environmental Assessment in Developing and Transitional Countries, 125–35. West Sussex, England: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd,., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118685570.ch7.

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Walrond, Grantley W., and Raj Kumar. "Analysis of Impact of Regimes." In Options for Developing Countries in Mining Development, 56–86. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-18101-8_4.

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Thopil, George Alex. "The Evolution of Electrification in South Africa and Its Energy-Environmental Impact." In Energy and Environmental Security in Developing Countries, 253–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63654-8_10.

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Dutta, Arindam. "Energy Conservation and Its Impact on Climate Change." In Environmental Management: Issues and Concerns in Developing Countries, 139–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62529-0_8.

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Reddy, V. R. "Economic Analysis of Health Impacts in Developing Countries." In Encyclopedia of Environmental Health, 197–206. Elsevier, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-52272-6.00414-1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Environmental impact analysis Developing countries"

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Cloutier, William A. "Decommissioning Liabilities and Cost Considerations." In ASME 2003 9th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2003-4890.

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The premature cessation of operations at several large commercial reactors in the United States has created for the owners of these facilities an accelerated liability for decommissioning. A majority of the owners of these facilities, however, still elected to proceed with immediate dismantling, even though, in many instances, the adequacy of the available funding had not been established. With limited financial resources, project success often depends upon the ability of the owner to address and resolve project encumbrances, regulatory constraints and the growth of the work scope in an expeditious and cost-effective manner. The common lesson-learned recognized in the performance of these major projects over the last 15 years, is that planning for decommissioning needs to be started earlier and include a comprehensive cost analysis so as to facilitate post-shutdown activities. This paper will summarize the processes used to identify and quantify decommissioning liabilities in the US, as well as in other countries. In particular, the objectives in developing a cost estimate will be explored, the types of estimates discussed, and the need to integrate the estimate within the ongoing planning for decommissioning. Strategic cost considerations will be identified, as well as their impact on the financial resources required. Case studies will be presented, identifying both similarities and differences in purpose and in scope. The paper will discuss the key planning tools, for example, facility characterization assessments for radiological, hazardous and toxic contaminates. Program management is the single largest expense incurred in plant decommissioning since it is a highly regulated and controlled process. However, in most instances, the oversight of decommissioning operations requires only a fraction of the original operating organization. This paper will explore the need to streamline and transition the operating staff to one that can effectively support decommissioning activities while minimizing the overall expense. Waste conditioning and disposal is a major technical, as well as financial element, in the facility decommissioning. The availability and cost of regional and national disposal facilities is a key consideration in the options selected for decommissioning, including timing, approach and methods selected. The formation and integration of a waste management strategy will be discussed along with the sensitivity of the decommissioning cost and schedule to the strategy selected. The paper will conclude with several observations relating to the need to include financial planning in any decommissioning evaluation, a discussion of lessons-learned from ongoing decontamination and dismantling projects, and common misconceptions. Recommendations will be offered for owners of those facilities currently considering decommissioning, as well as those in the early planning stage.
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Bernard, J., and S. K. Mandal. "The impact of trade openness on environmental quality: an empirical analysis of emerging and developing economies." In ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT 2016. Southampton UK: WIT Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/eid160181.

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Babar, Zaheer, Abdul Mannan, Faisal Kamiran, and Asim Karim. "Understanding the Impact of Socio-Economic and Environmental Factors for Disease Outbreak in Developing Countries." In 2015 IEEE International Conference on Data Mining Workshop (ICDMW). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icdmw.2015.49.

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El Zein, Farah, Osama Omar, and Nizar Hage. "The role of geothermal energy in efficient building performance: Regenerative Geothermal design to “eliminate negative environmental impact”." In 2016 3rd International Conference on Renewable Energies for Developing Countries (REDEC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/redec.2016.7577555.

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WOJEWODZIC, Tomasz, Wojciech SROKA, and Aleksandra PŁONKA. "LOCAL CONDITIONS OF PRODUCTION AND ECONOMIC DISAGRARIZATION OF FARMS." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.050.

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Evolution of agrarian systems in countries with fragmented agricultural area structure leads to a decrease in the number of farms and an increase in the area and effectiveness of entities developing their activity. It is necessary to find out the causes of disagrarization - a process that is manifested at the macroeconomic level in reduced significance of agriculture in the national economy, among other things, and reduced importance of agricultural incomes in the economy of the countryside and a part of farms at the microeconomic level - in order to effectively impact ongoing changes that often affect the whole regions. The paper is an attempt to identify the factors determining the intensity of the process of the production and economic disagrarization of farms in Lesser Poland Voivodeship. Calculation procedures performed using the zero unitarization method and Data Mining tools enabled assessment of the intensity of the phenomenon analysed in the different territorial units (gminas), and identification of factors that have the biggest impact on its intensity. Using the process of modelling by the C&RT method it has been found out that the characteristics that describe the agrarian structure historically, i.e. intensity of the organisation of agriculture, fragmentation of the agrarian structure, had a big impact on differentiation of gminas in terms of the intensity of disagrarization. High intensity of the organisation of agriculture combined with good environmental conditions is conducive to the retention of production functions of agriculture in a given area. With low intensity of the organisation of agriculture and very large fragmentation of the agrarian structure, the intensity of disagrarization was very often determined by characteristics typical of periurban areas or tourist attractions, i.e. increase in population density and increase in the number of residential buildings. Urban development of a given territorial unit stimulated processes of exiting agriculture.
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Klingel, Philipp, and Nicolai Guth. "Integrated Hydraulic Analysis and Data Management Tool for Water Supply Systems in Developing Countries." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41036(342)18.

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Bahanni, Caouthar, Mustapha Adar, Sofia Boulmrharj, Mohammed Khaidar, and Mustapha Mabrouki. "Analysis of weather impact on the yield of PV plants installed in two antagonists cities in Morocco." In 2020 5th International Conference on Renewable Energies for Developing Countries (REDEC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/redec49234.2020.9163841.

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Koga, Tsuyoshi, Motoyuki Matsubara, and Kazuhiro Aoyama. "Disassembling System of Large Scaled Structure Considering Safety, Environmental Impact, and Economic Efficiency." In ASME 2008 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2008-49375.

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When a ship finished its lifetime, its hull is scrapped and recycled. Presently, the ships are scrapped mainly on the less-developed countries. The ship recycling in developing countries often comprises hazardous and environmentally damaging processes, and has developed into a serious problem from the viewpoint of realizing an international resource recycling society. It is predicted that over the next few years, disassembly of substandard ships that do not fulfill safety guidelines, such as single-hull tankers, will increase rapidly. Hence, economical, safe and environment-friendly ship disassembly processes are strongly desired. This paper proposes a planning method for the safe, economical, and environment-friendly ship disassembling process. The planning method derives an optimal disassembly process by considering safety, cost, and environmental impact. In order to develop this disassembling system, this paper addresses (1) a model of the scrapped ship, the facility, the field, and (2) a disassembling process models considering the hull, factory, and operations and (3) a planning method of disassembling process to achieve both of the safety and environmental cost. Based on the models and methods, a evaluation function that considers safety, disassembling cost, and environmental impact is proposed. An example of a disassembling process planning on an actual ship-hull structure is shown in this paper. A best planning result contains less unstable state of hull block, includes a lot of parallel tasks, and utilizes the best performances of equipments of the factory. The proposed system can provide not only safety information during disassembly to developing countries but also an economical disassembly equipment assignment plan to developed countries.
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Tamás, Péter, István Lakatos, and Szauter Ferenc. "Analysis of the Complex Environmental Impact on Urban Trajectories." In ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-47077.

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Modeling traffic processes on large-scale road networks leads to the application of positive non-linear systems, Luenberger (1979). Running profiles can be gained from the applied large-size network model based on previous validations, which are sufficiently complex, complicated and built up by accelerations, decelerations and frequent stops. To develop accelerated methods for analyzing complex environmental impact on urban trajectories. Our planned researches on emission encourage the further standardization and beyond that, the bilateral interoperability. According to our goals we point out on the differences, which have to be taken into account in the urban traffic also, and of which the lab measurements may vary. Real processes operate like this, which differ from those applied in laboratories and on roller brake test bench. In reality, however, vehicle emission strongly depends on driving style; moreover, it is also affected by any change in traffic flow. Significant differences can be realized in various regions and countries. The role of the optimal vehicle control is highlighted in every case. The same can be stated of the environmental loads of pollutant emissions and concerning the vehicle and environment dynamic. The detailed analysis introduced above has big impact on further automotive researches as being rapid and applicable for big number of vehicles providing statistical support.
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Banzaert, Amy, and Amos Winter. "Design of Agricultural Waste Charcoal Cooking Fuel for Developing Countries." In ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2013-12219.

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Charcoal made from agricultural waste (AWC), intended for use in developing countries, has the potential to be a cooking fuel with health, economic, and environmental benefits. Investigations were undertaken to integrate the technical understanding of the fuel with the real-world context in which it may be produced and used. Multiple formulations of AWC were studied to understand the impact of raw material variation on charcoal briquette emissions. A key finding is the viability of manure as a binder, which should improve AWC production costs and proliferation. In Nicaragua, AWC emissions, end user interest, and producer economic viability was examined. Emissions of AWC appear to be similar to or less than wood and wood charcoal. End user interest seems moderate, a positive outcome given the lack of charcoal usage in the region studied. Based on the outcomes of pilot production, development of the manufacturing system must account for local preferences.
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Reports on the topic "Environmental impact analysis Developing countries"

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Hicks, Jacqueline. Environmental Challenges of Digital Transformation in Developing Countries. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.107.

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This rapid review synthesises the literature on the environmental risks of four different aspects of digital transformation in developing countries: ICT adoption, digitally-enabled energy efficiency, ride-hailing apps, and big data use. The overall message which runs throughout the diverse literatures and results is that it is not digital technologies that create environmental risks or opportunities, but how they are used. Efficiency gains derived from digital transformation may yet lead developing countries down existing unsustainable development paths if not accompanied by careful, context-dependent policy. For policy-makers seeking to mitigate environmental risks, this means putting the context of digital use at the centre of analysis rather than the technologies themselves. However, the research literature covers more specific aspects of digital transformation. In practice, this report defines digital transformation as: ICT adoption, digitally-enabled energy efficiency, ride-hailing apps, and big data use. These topics were chosen after an initial scoping review of available literature, and because they exemplify a range of the different types of potential digital effects. The literature on the environmental risks of digital transformation is huge and conflicting. This is problematic because it could be easy to cherry pick preferred research results. Several studies noted that there is less research on developing countries than developed countries, but the evidence base is still large. As an evidence review, this report focused on the academic literature, but there is also a large grey literature. Some of the literature has a gender aspect, not covered in this report.
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Emberson, Lisa. Rapid desk based evidence search and gap analysis on environmental degradation and pollution in developing countries. Evidence on Demand, July 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.12774/eod_hd063.july2013.emberson.

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Saville, Alan, and Caroline Wickham-Jones, eds. Palaeolithic and Mesolithic Scotland : Scottish Archaeological Research Framework Panel Report. Society for Antiquaries of Scotland, June 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.06.2012.163.

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Why research Palaeolithic and Mesolithic Scotland? Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology sheds light on the first colonisation and subsequent early inhabitation of Scotland. It is a growing and exciting field where increasing Scottish evidence has been given wider significance in the context of European prehistory. It extends over a long period, which saw great changes, including substantial environmental transformations, and the impact of, and societal response to, climate change. The period as a whole provides the foundation for the human occupation of Scotland and is crucial for understanding prehistoric society, both for Scotland and across North-West Europe. Within the Palaeolithic and Mesolithic periods there are considerable opportunities for pioneering research. Individual projects can still have a substantial impact and there remain opportunities for pioneering discoveries including cemeteries, domestic and other structures, stratified sites, and for exploring the huge evidential potential of water-logged and underwater sites. Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology also stimulates and draws upon exciting multi-disciplinary collaborations. Panel Task and Remit The panel remit was to review critically the current state of knowledge and consider promising areas of future research into the earliest prehistory of Scotland. This was undertaken with a view to improved understanding of all aspects of the colonization and inhabitation of the country by peoples practising a wholly hunter-fisher-gatherer way of life prior to the advent of farming. In so doing, it was recognised as particularly important that both environmental data (including vegetation, fauna, sea level, and landscape work) and cultural change during this period be evaluated. The resultant report, outlines the different areas of research in which archaeologists interested in early prehistory work, and highlights the research topics to which they aspire. The report is structured by theme: history of investigation; reconstruction of the environment; the nature of the archaeological record; methodologies for recreating the past; and finally, the lifestyles of past people – the latter representing both a statement of current knowledge and the ultimate aim for archaeologists; the goal of all the former sections. The document is reinforced by material on-line which provides further detail and resources. The Palaeolithic and Mesolithic panel report of ScARF is intended as a resource to be utilised, built upon, and kept updated, hopefully by those it has helped inspire and inform as well as those who follow in their footsteps. Future Research The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarized under four key headings:  Visibility: Due to the considerable length of time over which sites were formed, and the predominant mobility of the population, early prehistoric remains are to be found right across the landscape, although they often survive as ephemeral traces and in low densities. Therefore, all archaeological work should take into account the expectation of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic ScARF Panel Report iv encountering early prehistoric remains. This applies equally to both commercial and research archaeology, and to amateur activity which often makes the initial discovery. This should not be seen as an obstacle, but as a benefit, and not finding such remains should be cause for question. There is no doubt that important evidence of these periods remains unrecognised in private, public, and commercial collections and there is a strong need for backlog evaluation, proper curation and analysis. The inadequate representation of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic information in existing national and local databases must be addressed.  Collaboration: Multi-disciplinary, collaborative, and cross- sector approaches must be encouraged – site prospection, prediction, recognition, and contextualisation are key areas to this end. Reconstructing past environments and their chronological frameworks, and exploring submerged and buried landscapes offer existing examples of fruitful, cross-disciplinary work. Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology has an important place within Quaternary science and the potential for deeply buried remains means that geoarchaeology should have a prominent role.  Innovation: Research-led projects are currently making a substantial impact across all aspects of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology; a funding policy that acknowledges risk and promotes the innovation that these periods demand should be encouraged. The exploration of lesser known areas, work on different types of site, new approaches to artefacts, and the application of novel methodologies should all be promoted when engaging with the challenges of early prehistory.  Tackling the ‘big questions’: Archaeologists should engage with the big questions of earliest prehistory in Scotland, including the colonisation of new land, how lifestyles in past societies were organized, the effects of and the responses to environmental change, and the transitions to new modes of life. This should be done through a holistic view of the available data, encompassing all the complexities of interpretation and developing competing and testable models. Scottish data can be used to address many of the currently topical research topics in archaeology, and will provide a springboard to a better understanding of early prehistoric life in Scotland and beyond.
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