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Journal articles on the topic 'Environmental economics – international cooperation'
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1
İriş, Doruk. "ECONOMIC TARGETS AND LOSS-AVERSION IN INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL COOPERATION." Journal of Economic Surveys 30, no. 3 (April 15, 2016): 624–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/joes.12155.
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Ludema, Rodney D., and Ian Wooton. "International Trade Rules and Environmental Cooperation under Asymmetric Information." International Economic Review 38, no. 3 (August 1997): 605. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2527283.
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Bréchet, Thierry, Natali Hritonenko, and Yuri Yatsenko. "Domestic environmental policy and international cooperation for global commons." Resource and Energy Economics 44 (May 2016): 183–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.reseneeco.2016.03.002.
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Alho, Kari. "Bilateral transfers and lending in international environmental cooperation." Environmental and Resource Economics 2, no. 2 (March 1992): 201–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00338243.
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Bokhan, A. "Diplomacy of development in ecologization of international economic relations." Balanced nature using, no. 4 (October 28, 2021): 77–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.33730/2310-4678.4.2021.253335.
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The article deals with the historical and modern aspects of greening of international economic relations in the context of scientific approaches, theories and concepts. The peculiarities of the influence of natural and ecological factors on the development of society, nature management, economic interactions are determined. A retrospective review of scientific economic thought is presented in the context of interdisciplinary environmental context. The complexity of the process and phenomena of evolutionary changes in politics, economics and ecology are identified. Methodology of coverage of environmental and economic concepts includes different approaches: philosophical, psychological, biological, technical and economic. The mechanisms of greening are reflected in the areas of neo-Keynesianism, neoclassicism, institutionalism, globalism, post-industrialism. Environmental threats affect society in different ways, but stimulate change and transform economic systems. The intensification of the environmental crisis and global problems has led to the expansion of international activities, environmental policy, economic culture and environmental awareness. New formats of international contacts, coordination of market and social interests should be considered in the context of theories of environmentalism, greening of the economy, economic modernization, resource provision, environmental security. The formation of progressive models of social development involves international economic integration, the inclusion of national environmental policies in the international security system, promoting cooperation and cooperation between countries. development diplomacy is seen as a tool for consolidating countries in solving global problems, intensifying international integration in the field of environmental activities, greening trade and economic activities and international business. The field of research on the greening of international economic relations is constantly expanding in the context of security, cooperation, resource management.
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Brauch, Hans Günter. "Carsten Helm: Economic theories of International Environmental Cooperation." Politische Vierteljahresschrift 42, no. 2 (June 2001): 350–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11615-001-0070-5.
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Masoudi, Nahid, and Georges Zaccour. "A differential game of international pollution control with evolving environmental costs." Environment and Development Economics 18, no. 6 (September 11, 2013): 680–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x13000399.
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AbstractWe consider a two-player differential game of international emissions to represent the interactions between two groups of countries, namely, developed and developing countries. We adopt a broader-than-usual definition of environmental cost for developing countries to account for their evolving involvement in tackling environmental externalities. Cooperative and non-cooperative solutions are characterized and contrasted. We find that it may not be the best course of action to push developing countries to reduce their emissions in the short term, and that cooperation may not create enough dividend, also in the short term, to be implementable.
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Karaketova, Laura, Emin Magomadov, and Isa Kilaev. "Environmental Economics and Sustainable Development." SHS Web of Conferences 172 (2023): 02045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202317202045.
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Global climate change has an impact on the human potential, economy and ecosystems of all countries of the world, including Russia. A significant contribution to climate change is made by the burning of fossil energy resources, which leads to an increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and causes the greenhouse effect. The main consequences are an increase in the average annual temperature and the melting of glaciers, which leads to a rise in the level of the world ocean, as well as severe droughts and fires, floods and tsunamis, and a decrease in biodiversity. These changes have a negative impact on the quality of life of people, including the availability of food, health, the suitability of territories for housing and economic activity, and much more. The global challenges facing the world community as a result of climate change are shaping a comprehensive agenda for international cooperation over the next few decades. The relevance of this agenda will constantly increase, regardless of the various factors of international tension.
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Colombo, Luca, Paola Labrecciosa, and Ngo Van Long. "A dynamic analysis of international environmental agreements under partial cooperation." European Economic Review 143 (April 2022): 104036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2022.104036.
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van Ierland, Ekko, Corjan Brink, Leen Hordijk, and Carolien Kroeze. "Environmental Economics for Environmental Protection." Scientific World JOURNAL 2 (2002): 1254–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2002.289.
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Environmental economics deals with the optimal allocation of production factors and correcting market failure in protecting the environment. Market failure occurs because of externalities, common property resources, and public goods. Environmental policy instruments include direct regulation, taxes/subsidies, tradable permits, deposit systems, voluntary agreements, and persuasion.Environmental policies usually focus on one pollutant or environmental issue but may have substantial impacts on other emissions and environmental problems. Neglecting these impacts will result in suboptimal policies. We present an integrated optimisation model for determining cost-effective strategies to simultaneously reduce emissions of several pollutants from several sources, allowing for interrelations between sources and abatement options. Our integrated approach in regard to acidifying compounds and greenhouse gases will be able to provide cost-effective policy options that will result in lower overall abatement costs.This paper shows that efficient emission reduction can be calculated, but we argue that, for transboundary air pollution and climate change, it is difficult to implement the socially optimal solution because strong incentives exist for “free-riding”. In order to implement efficient policies, international environmental agree-ments like the Gothenburg or the Kyoto Protocol are necessary to establish stable coalitions. The stability of these agreements depends on the distribution of costs and benefits over countries and on the redistribution of the gains of cooperation.
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Jollibekova, I. B. "FOREIGN COOPERATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF KARAKALPAKSTAN." CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF HISTORY 03, no. 12 (December 1, 2022): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/history-crjh-03-12-02.
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This article discusses foreign cooperation in environmental protection of the republic of Karakalpakstan. The process of realizing the international strategic goals of the recovery and development of the Aral Sea and the recovery of the Aral Sea from its natural and socio-economic crisis is highlighted. On October 2-5, 1990, the international symposium "Island crisis: causes and conclusion" was organized in Nukus [1]. More than 200 specialists and scientists from the USA, Great Britain, Canada, Australia, Germany, Spain, and China participated. International organizations such as UN, UNICEF, World Health Organization, UNEP (UN Environmental Protection Program) appealed to the world community to "provide emergency aid to save the lives of children in the Aral Sea region and declare this area an ecological disaster zone."
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Meyer, Timothy. "Epistemic Institutions and Epistemic Cooperation in International Environmental Governance." Transnational Environmental Law 2, no. 1 (March 18, 2013): 15–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2047102513000010.
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AbstractUnder what conditions should epistemic institutions (institutions that provide policy-relevant scientific advice) be integrated into international legal institutions – for example, the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change? Following work in law and economics on the theory of the firm, this article argues that where states will not implement environmental policies absent a collective decision to do so, greater hierarchical control of epistemic institutions by legal institutions may be necessary to ensure the credibility and availability of a usable scientific record. Hierarchy creates credibility because it allows all states necessary for cooperation in the legal institution to oversee the production of the scientific record that provides the basis for international legal rules. Hierarchy thus enhances the effectiveness of international law as a coordination tool, even at the expense of the autonomy of the scientific process. By contrast, where collective action is not necessary because states will unilaterally regulate an environmental problem once scientific uncertainty has been reduced, epistemic and legal institutions should be fragmented to ensure the unbiased production and dissemination of scientific information. In such situations, the credibility of the scientific record is demonstrated by decentralized adoption of science-based regulation.
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Bliznetskaya, E. "Global Environmental Governance and International Environmental Diplomacy." International Trends / Mezhdunarodnye protsessy 18, no. 3 (2020): 126–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17994/it.2020.18.3.62.8.
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Governance is so commonly used in academic literature and policy papers in the field of international environmental politics and as such has overtaken the words “policy”, “diplomacy” and “cooperation”. This phenomenon has empirical support – environmental policy is one of the most internalized areas of regulation, and states were no longer the sole subject of international rulemaking. The current state of the art in studying global environmental politics is quite paradoxical. Notwithstanding the increased recognition of the importance of non-state, transnational actors and mechanisms to solve global environmental problems, little attention is been paid to the study of the relationship between interstate and non-state forms of interaction. That raises the question of how multilateral environmental diplomacy and global environmental governance are connected with each other in the academic peer-reviewed journals. What kind of international interactions do they study and what links them? To answer these questions, the peer-reviewed articles from SCOPUS and Web of Science databases on multilateral environmental diplomacy and global environmental governance analyzed through a systematic literature review. To understand the nature of the two approaches in studying global environmental politics, I summarize the differences and then identify the links between them. In each of the research areas, sub-directions and the related content were identified, while the typology of the articles allowed to identify the relationships between them. In each of the research areas, sub-directions and the related content were identified, while the typology of the articles helped to highlight the relationships between them. The main finding includes the confirmation that environmental diplomacy and environmental governance studying mostly in isolation from each other. The main finding includes the confirmation that environmental diplomacy and environmental governance studying mostly in isolation especially regarding the interplay between interstate or non-state forms of cooperation as well as assessments of their significance. Two dimensions of the politics – formal negotiations on collective actions and weakly institutionalized public space that involves various stakeholders, movements and initiatives – exists in parallel to each other. At the same time, the study demonstrated the need to develop more responsive notions of international environmental diplomacy, since it is no longer specific only to the study of negotiations and other forms of interstate interaction.
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Chernysh, Yelizaveta, and Hynek Roubík. "International Collaboration in the Field of Environmental Protection: Trend Analysis and COVID-19 Implications." Sustainability 12, no. 24 (December 11, 2020): 10384. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su122410384.
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This paper focuses on the analysis of current cooperation trends in environmental protection research. A unified system of interrelations between research methods in the field of implementation of the bibliometric approach to the review of international cooperation in the field of environmental protection taking into account the consequences of the COVID-2019 pandemic was formed. To form a unified visualization of the analyzed bibliometric data, a special software product VOSViewer was used. Five clusters were defined: green—international cooperation for assessing risks to public health, in particular in the field of biosafety and the spread of social infections, with a focus on COVID-19, in 2019 and 2020; yellow—describes the related interaction between other clusters in the field of national and international mechanisms of cooperation in the regulation of greenhouse gas emissions and climate change; blue—brings together research areas in the field of economics of environmental management and control. The situation concerning the impact of the COVID-2019 pandemic is ambiguous, and it is crucial to recognize that this is a long-term period of impact, not only directly on public health but also due to economic and social constraints, as quarantine activities cause a chain of socio-economic crises. The problems of the environmental and economic spread of COVID-19 on various human activities and the environment require the development of this topic and the formation of a new cluster of interactions due to the wave dynamics of disease in the future. Broad cooperation and collaboration is proposed to address the challenges and accelerate sustainable development in Europe. A diagram of the main cooperation programs has been created, illustrating the overlap of the entire field, from basic research to the market. Further analytical studies will examine the effectiveness of cross-analysis using various scientometric databases to form an integrated approach to the new realities of quarantine activities.
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Carattini, Stefano, Sam Fankhauser, Jianjian Gao, Caterina Gennaioli, and Pietro Panzarasa. "What does network analysis teach us about international environmental cooperation?" Ecological Economics 205 (March 2023): 107670. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2022.107670.
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Hodgkins, Kenneth D., Jeffrey M. Maclure, Robert O. Masters, and Rosanna B. Ciupek. "International cooperation in assuring continuity of environmental satellite data." Space Policy 1, no. 4 (November 1985): 415–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0265-9646(85)90008-6.
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Zhao, Changping, Maliyamu Sadula, Xiangmeng Huang, Yali Yang, Yu Gong, and Shuai Yang. "The Game Model of Blue Carbon Collaboration along MSR—From the Regret Theory Perspective." Mathematics 10, no. 6 (March 21, 2022): 1006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10061006.
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Ocean pollution and global warming are two pressing environmental problems exacerbated by human economic behavior. Building a blue carbon cooperation platform along the Maritime Silk Road (MSR) to promote sustainable development of countries along the route is of practical value to solving these two problems. Based on the analysis and review of the latest research on blue carbon, cooperative game and MSR, Weber’s law and regret theory are introduced to establish an economic model of blue carbon international cooperation, which proves the economic feasibility of blue carbon cooperation along MSR. The influence of psychological factors on the decision making of blue carbon international cooperation is also discussed. In addition, the measures to promote international cooperation are also discussed according to the current situation of marine blue carbon resources.
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Endres, Alfred, and Cornelia Ohl. "International Environmental Cooperation in the One Shot Prisoners’ Dilemma." Journal of Contextual Economics – Schmollers Jahrbuch 121, no. 1 (January 1, 2001): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3790/schm.121.1.1.
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Folmer, Henk, and Ignazio Musu. "Transboundary pollution problems, environmental policy and international cooperation: An introduction." Environmental and Resource Economics 2, no. 2 (March 1992): 107–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00338238.
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Neumayer, Eric. "How Regime Theory and the Economic Theory of International Environmental Cooperation Can Learn from Each Other." Global Environmental Politics 1, no. 1 (February 1, 2001): 122–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/152638001570660.
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Economic theorists of international environmental cooperation and regime theorists who focus on the environment ask the same two basic research questions: why does international environmental cooperation emerge in some cases, but not in others, and why is cooperation wide and deep in some cases, but not in others? Unfortunately, the two schools of thought do not collaborate much in their respective attempts to answer these and related questions. Instead, mutual neglect is the general rule. This paper explores how regime theory can learn from the findings of the economic theory of international environmental cooperation and vice versa, and it examines the prospects for reciprocal learning. An exploitation of mutual learning opportunities is likely to lead to a more comprehensive understanding of international environmental cooperation, and it can ultimately result in better policy advice.
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Anderson, Kym, and Douglas H. Brooks. "Economic Integration, Cooperation, and the Asian Environment." Asian Development Review 14, no. 01 (January 1996): 44–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0116110596000024.
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Deepening regional and global economic integration is raising the demand for greater international cooperation on domestic resource and environmental policy issues. Concerns over competitiveness effects and disguised protectionism have generated opposition to this trade and environment linkage. The debate has centered primarily in the GATT / WTO, and in trade provisions of multilateral environmental agreements, and has the potential to undermine the rules-based trading system on which Asian developing countries are particularly dependent. Asian developing countries have mounted a broad range of responses and initiatives in subregional, regional and global fora related to cross-border environmental interactions, reflecting the varied nature and scope of environmental concerns, but much remains to be done. Greater scientific and socioeconomic research is needed, as is greater dissemination of existing knowledge and a clearer delineation of WTO’s mandate. Smaller groupings, such as APEC, may be useful fora for initial discussions and activities.
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Schwerhoff, Gregor, Jean Chateau, and Florence Jaumotte. "Economic and Environmental Benefits from International Cooperation on Climate Policies." Departmental Papers 2022, no. 007 (March 2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781616358303.087.
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Ajami, Riad A. "Toward Cooperation: Economic and Environmental Issues in Asia-Pacific Economies." Journal of Asia-Pacific Business 11, no. 1 (February 18, 2010): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10599230903530094.
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Pomerantseva, V. M., and A. S. Linnikov. "INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC COOPERATION IN THE ARCTIC." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 1/5, no. 133 (2023): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2023.01.05.006.
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The article analyzes the evolution of the Arctic policy of Russia and China. The PRC and the Russian Federation have established mutually beneficial cooperation in the Arctic region, despite the existence of fundamental contradictions between the countries in many directions. The clash of interests, especially between the United States and the Russian Federation, leads to an increase in military and political tension and turns the previously abandoned peripheral region of the Far North into a zone of increased information, political and, mainly, military activity of superpowers.
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van Schijndel, Marian, and Esther Soczó. "New challenges in environmental biotechnology: towards sustainable development and international cooperation." Resources, Conservation and Recycling 12, no. 3-4 (November 1994): 201–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0921-3449(94)90008-6.
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BARBAKOV, Oleg M., Lyudmila K. GABISHEVA, and Anastasia Yu KRETOVA. "International Regulation of Environmental Management in the Arctic Zone." Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism 10, no. 5 (November 5, 2019): 1020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505//jemt.v10.5(37).09.
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The strengthening of global integration processes necessitates the development of cross-border regions and the intensification of cross-border cooperation in the field of environmental management, which determines the relevance of this study. This issue is particularly relevant for the Arctic region, where the start of large-scale development of natural resources, development of territories and the creation of new transport routes require the development of environmental management principles that would ensure economic development, preservation of the lifestyle of indigenous people and the preservation of biodiversity. The article examines aspects of the legal characterization and regulation of natural resources’ treatment that are jointly owned or geographically located in two or more states. It is shown that political, social, sociological and economic prerequisites impose on the principles of such cooperation. Until now, the problem of joint management and use of natural resources and products of their processing remains unresolved. It is proposed to create interstate commissions, as well as concessions, as the basis for the development of natural resources’ joint use. The leading direction in the development of the situation is interstate cooperation on the biosphere’s conservation.
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Skorokhod, Iryna, and Nina Rebryna. "Prospects for the development of Ukrainian-Polish cross-border cooperation in the environmental sphere." Economic and Regional Studies / Studia Ekonomiczne i Regionalne 16, no. 3 (September 1, 2023): 384–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ers-2023-0024.
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Abstract Subject and purpose of work: The purpose of the article is to study the peculiarities of the development of environmental cross-border cooperation, as well as to determine the prospects and ways of deepening interregional Ukrainian-Polish cooperation in the environmental sphere. The relevant international environmental cooperation of the states contributes to the improvement of the environment and provides a defined level of environmental safety. The challenges of international economic greening as well as the needs in cooperation between the neighboring states indicate that studying of the ecological state on the cross-border territories is considered to be of great significance. Materials and methods: The methods used are the analytical and descriptive ones based on the critical literature review and an experiential reflective attitude on the key issues concerning the cross-border cooperation, ecological safety, and prospects of development of environmental cooperation. Results: The role of cross-border cooperation in ensuring environmental security was studied in the article. The strategic priorities of Ukrainian-Polish environmental cooperation were considered. As a result of the analysis of the current state and the achieved results, the prospects for further ecological cooperation between Ukraine and the Republic of Poland in the conditions of European integration were revealed. Conclusions: It is concluded that to assure the development of the Ukrainian-Polish cross-border environmental cooperation and to build the ecological safety system on the trans-frontier territories it is required at the regional level to establish partnership relationships in the environmental and economic sector; to intensify the environmental and economic international cooperation at various cross-border scales; to create a network of cross-border environmental information centers; to promote the environmental public education in the border regions of the neighboring states etc.
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Conevska, Aleksandra. "International Cooperation and Natural Disasters: Evidence from Trade Agreements." International Studies Quarterly 65, no. 3 (July 15, 2021): 606–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/isq/sqab065.
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Abstract Environmental shocks in the form of natural disasters are well known for their impact on domestic economies. Less known, however, is their impact on the global economy. The scant existing literature suggests that macro-economic impacts manifest in observed empirical decreases in international trade. The literature, however, does not examine whether the impact of natural disasters on trade varies for trading partners with differing levels of market integration. This paper examines if preferential liberalization serves to protect or buffer against the negative economic consequences of natural disasters. I show that deep preferential liberalization can not only protect countries against the negative macro-economic impact of natural disasters but can actually allow countries to increase exports during natural disaster events that otherwise induce trade decline. These findings suggest that by allowing countries to expand the quantity and the range of exports, preferential trade agreements lead to enhanced resilience against exogenous shocks.
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Lydgate, Emily. "Climate Equivalence and International Trade." World Trade Review 22, no. 3-4 (September 5, 2023): 484–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474745623000083.
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AbstractThis article examines a significant question in navigating trade and climate tension: how to recognize another country as having equivalent climate regulations. Such equivalence forms a core component of many proposed models of so-called climate clubs. Establishing equivalence between distinct national climate regulation regimes poses a unique challenge that draws upon both trade and environmental international cooperation. Drawing on existing proposals, I examine prospects for country-based cooperation through three models: ETS-linking, benchmarking of shared methods and minimum standards, and benchmarking of outcome duties. The analysis concludes that all models necessitate some trade-offs between the goals of rigorous oversight of climate objectives, inclusivity, and WTO compliance. Benchmarking of shared methods and minimum standards seems most feasible, and would provide a deeper level of integration between trade and climate cooperation, but necessitates a shift in how countries, particularly the EU, oversee regulatory compliance.
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Carlarne, Cinnamon P., and Mohamed S. Helal. "A Conversation about Climate Change Law and the ‘International Community’." Climate Law 8, no. 3-4 (October 31, 2018): 229–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18786561-00803008.
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As international climate change law approaches its third decade of existence, the field continues to evolve and prove resilient in the face of daunting political, technical, and economic challenges. Moving forward with efforts to structure effective responses to climate change requires scholars and policymakers to engage with the reality that international cooperation on climate change continues to lag. Early efforts to address climate change presumed the existence of an international community that would facilitate the level of cooperation needed to structure effective solutions to a massive and complex collective-action problem. This vision of the international community, however, is an illusion the reliance on which may hamper efforts to think critically about how to address the causes and consequences of climate change. Here, we deconstruct the idea of a cooperative, international community as an operative basis for international climate change law, with the hope of facilitating increasingly open conversation around effective and sustainable modes of cooperation in the future.
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Turianytsia, Valerii. "CRITERIA OF PERFORMANCE OF INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC COOPERATION OF ENERGY ENTERPRISES." Economic Analysis, no. 28(1) (2018): 265–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/econa2018.01.265.
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The importance of international scientific cooperation in the field of energy is considered in the article. The participation of domestic energy enterprises in international scientific cooperation on issues of nuclear and alternative energy, as well as in the oil and gas and coal industry is characterised. The criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of international scientific cooperation of energy enterprises are determined. The indexes for determining the level of the effectiveness of international scientific cooperation of energy enterprises for scientific and technological, financial and economic, marketing, social and economic and environmental criteria are proposed.
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YU, Hongyuan. "The Energy-Water-Food Nexus and Its Implications for China–Africa Cooperation on Climate Change." Chinese Journal of Urban and Environmental Studies 02, no. 02 (December 2014): 1450013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2345748114500134.
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In the context of climate change, security is not only a relationship between countries, but also the interdependence between issues. In the African region, water, energy, and food form a security nexus with great sensitivity and vulnerability. Security nexus provides a new explanation for resources competition, cooperation, and conflict in the African region, and promotes water-food-energy research shift from the technical aspects to foreign policy level, and finally provides new international political ideas for resource and environmental solutions in Africa. In the perspective of security nexus, solving the ecological problems in Africa through international cooperation is not a simple technical issue, but an international political and economic issue. Based on the special political and economic advantages that China owns, jointly coping with the challenges of security nexus of China and Africa will provide an important opportunity to deepen their friendly and cooperative relations, broaden social basis of China–Africa relationship, and seek new growth points for economic cooperation.
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Borowy, Iris. "Before UNEP: who was in charge of the global environment? The struggle for institutional responsibility 1968–72." Journal of Global History 14, no. 1 (February 14, 2019): 87–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1740022818000360.
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AbstractMany of the international technical agencies formed after 1945 addressed environmental topics within their specific fields of work. By the late 1960s, a growing awareness of pollution and an emerging environmental movement in Western countries led to a perceived need for more coordinated and institutionalized international cooperation on the environment. Before the landmark United Nations Conference on the Human Environment, held in Stockholm in 1972, and the subsequent creation of the UN Environment Programme, several organizations competed for recognition as principal reference organizations for environmental matters. This article analyses the combination of cooperation and rivalry, involving in particular the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (ECE). Among other initiatives, the OECD became the first international organization to establish a permanent committee specifically dedicated to environmental issues and the ECE organized a Conference on Environmental Problems, held in Prague in 1971. Both called for a critical review of the dominant growth-centred economic model. Their analysis adds a neglected dimension to the origins of today’s international structure of environmental cooperation as well as to the long-term evolution of economic environmental thinking.
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Uwaga Monica Adanma and Emmanuel Olurotimi Ogunbiyi. "A comparative review of global environmental policies for promoting sustainable development and economic growth." International Journal of Applied Research in Social Sciences 6, no. 5 (May 21, 2024): 954–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.51594/ijarss.v6i5.1147.
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This study systematically reviews and analyzes the interplay between environmental policies, sustainable development, and economic growth, with a focus on the role of technological innovation and international cooperation. Employing a combination of systematic literature review and content analysis, the research scrutinizes peer-reviewed articles, policy documents, and reports from 2014 to 2024. The methodology encompasses a structured search strategy across major databases, applying specific inclusion and exclusion criteria to ensure the relevance and comprehensiveness of the literature reviewed. Key findings reveal that both regulatory and market-based environmental policies significantly impact sustainable development and economic growth. Technological innovation emerges as a pivotal driver for achieving sustainability goals, while international agreements and cooperation play a crucial role in addressing global environmental challenges. The study identifies gaps and inefficiencies in current environmental policies, particularly in integrating economic objectives with sustainability goals. The research concludes that enhancing the synergy between environmental sustainability and economic growth necessitates a multifaceted approach, incorporating technological advancements, fostering global partnerships, and adopting integrated policy frameworks. Strategic recommendations for policymakers and stakeholders emphasize the importance of investing in green technologies, strengthening international environmental agreements, and promoting policies that balance economic development with environmental protection. This study contributes valuable insights into advancing sustainable development through effective environmental policies, highlighting the need for an integrated approach to ensure environmental sustainability and economic prosperity. Keywords: Environmental Policies, Sustainable Development, Technological Innovation, International Cooperation.
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Chu Hoi, Nguyen, and Vu Hai Dang. "Environmental Issues in the South China Sea: Legal Obligation and Cooperation Drivers." International Journal of Law and Public Administration 1, no. 1 (May 7, 2018): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/ijlpa.v1i1.3260.
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Recently, we have been witnessing a critical level of a the degradation of the marine environment and depletion of fish stocks in the South China Sea. This has many adverse consequences on the politics, economics of the countries in the region as well as on the socio-economic life of the coastal population. One of the activities that has been causing serious damage to the marine environment and living resources of the South China Sea is the large-scale land reclamation and artificial island construction undertaken by China in the Spratly and Paracel islands recently. These activities have caused severe harm to the precious coral reef environment and thus, violated the obligation to preserve and protect fragile ecosystems and the habitat of depleted, threatened or endangered species under the international law of the seaThe paper explores the impact of China’s large-scale land reclamation and artificial island construction activities on the marine biodiversity of the South China Sea, explains what the legal obligation under the international law of States to protect and preserve the marine environment is and suggests a number of options in order to bring a halt to such activities and restore the damaged marine ecosystem. The paper puts particular emphasis on the cooperation drivers torwards a healthy, prosperous and peaceful South China Sea, which also contribute to the management and possibly, resolution of the current disputes in this region.Keywords: marine environmental issues, legal obligation, cooperation drivers, large-scale reclamation, artificial islands, blue solutions and fragile ecosystems.
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Baramidze, D. D. "INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL COOPERATION IN THE ARCTIC IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBAL CHALLENGES AND CHANGES." Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series Economics and Law 32, no. 6 (November 24, 2022): 1056–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9593-2022-32-6-1056-1063.
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The ongoing global processes are reorienting Russia's international cooperation in the Arctic in the field of scientific research and economic development. The SCO and the EAEU organizations are gaining significant international influence, and the formation of cooperation between the BRICS countries continues. Russia's growing interaction with non-Arctic states creates the need to search for (or develop) fundamentally new legal foundations for international environmental cooperation in the Arctic. The developed practice of regional legal regulation of certain environmental problems in the Arctic is leveled by the illegal behavior of the Arctic states. The international agreements adopted by the SCO, the EAEU and the BRICS in the field of environmental and Arctic cooperation are studied. The reasonability of developing and adopting a universal international agreement regulating the legal regime of the Arctic, capable of violating the national interests of Russia and the Arctic states, is disputed. At the same time, the elaboration of international environmental standards for navigation, fishing, development and processing of natural resources and other activities in the Arctic is of practical interest. It is noted that despite the proclamation of the Arctic vector of development by the organizations, the international legislation of the Arctic orientation is characterized by fragmentary elaboration of individual elements in the absence of integrated approaches.
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Stokes, Leah C., Amanda Giang, and Noelle E. Selin. "Splitting the South: China and India’s Divergence in International Environmental Negotiations." Global Environmental Politics 16, no. 4 (November 2016): 12–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/glep_a_00378.
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International environmental negotiations often involve conflicts between developed and developing countries. However, considering environmental cooperation in a North-South dichotomy obscures important variation within the Global South, particularly as emerging economies become more important politically, economically, and environmentally. This article examines change in the Southern coalition in environmental negotiations, using the recently concluded Minamata Convention on Mercury as its primary case. Focusing on India and China, we argue that three key factors explain divergence in their positions as the negotiations progressed: domestic resources and regulatory politics, development constraints, and domestic scientific and technological capacity. We conclude that the intersection between scientific and technological development and domestic policy is of increasing importance in shaping emerging economies’ engagement in international environmental negotiations. We also discuss how this divergence is affecting international environmental cooperation on other issues, including the ozone and climate negotiations.
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Gaudiosi, Francesco. "The Respect of the International Environmental Law in the Field of the Northern Dimension: Good Practices and Virtuous Examples in the European Region." European Studies 6, no. 1 (December 1, 2019): 295–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/eustu-2022-0043.
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Summary The following work aims at analyzing the theme of regional environmental cooperation within the Northern Dimension, a joint policy created by the European Union together with Norway, Iceland and the Russian Federation which sees the Northern Dimension Environmental Partnership as a collaborative dimension between governments, private companies, public stakeholders and local communities in the implementation of projects aimed at environmental protection. In the logic of international law, the dynamics of the NDEP are particularly interesting to study as representing a model of virtuous cooperation in the environmental protection field and in the prevention of international disputes related to cross-border pollution in the Nordic region. The precautionary approach that is actively enforced through the implementation of the of international environmental law obligations, makes the Northern Dimension Environmental Partnership considered a unique example of its kind, thanks to its ability in contributing to sustainable development in the region.
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Komarova, D. S., and D. D. Sonets. "Особенности международного сотрудничества в XXI в." Вестник гуманитарного образования, no. 3(31) (December 5, 2023): 90–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.25730/vsu.2070.23.041.
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The rapid development of technology, the processes of digitalization and globalization have caused serious changes in the political, economic, social and environmental spheres, which inevitably affected states and the relationship between them. In recent decades, against the background of the emergence of new global challenges, trans-regional ties are rapidly developing, new forms of cooperation are emerging, which explains the relevance of the study of the transformation of approaches to building international cooperation in the new realities of the XXI century. The article discusses the term "international cooperation" in the general theoretical understanding, as well as in the meaning in which it is used by international researchers today. The analysis of the history of international relations of the XXI century, modern political trends and the current agenda allowed us to identify several trends that shape the process of international cooperation in the XXI century: 1) block confrontation, 2) globalization, transregionalism and regional integration, 3) digitalization, 4) changing the international agenda, 5) global challenges requiring collective solutions, 6) modern problems of interaction within international organizations. The article attempts to explore the relationship between the new approaches of states to building international cooperation and the ongoing processes in the international political and economic sphere, as well as emerging global problems. The rapid development of technologies and qualitative metamorphoses of human life, digitalization, globalization, challenges that require joint efforts of states to resolve, changes in the defense system – all this naturally provokes a change in the mechanisms of international cooperation. Based on the analysis, in conclusion, the authors present possible scenarios for further transformation of the cooperation system. Бурное развитие технологий, процессы цифровизации и глобализации вызвали серьезные изменения в политической, экономической, социальной и экологической сферах, что неизбежно повлияло на государства и на взаимоотношения между ними. В последние десятилетия на фоне возникновения новых глобальных вызовов бурно развиваются трансрегиональные связи, появляются новые формы сотрудничества, что объясняет актуальность исследования трансформации подходов к выстраиванию международного сотрудничества в новых реалиях XXI в. В статье рассматривается термин «международное сотрудничество» в общем теоретическом понимании, а также в том значении, в котором оно используется исследователями-международниками на сегодняшний день. Анализ истории международных отношений XXI в., современных политических тенденций и текущей повестки позволил выделить несколько трендов, которые формируют процесс международного сотрудничества в XXI в.: 1) блоковое противостояние, 2) глобализация, трансрегионализм и региональная интеграция, 3) цифровизация, 4) изменение международной повестки, 5) глобальные вызовы, требующие коллективного решения, 6) современные проблемы взаимодействия внутри международных организаций. В статье предпринимается попытка исследовать взаимосвязь между новыми подходами государств к выстраиванию международного сотрудничества и происходящими процессами в международной политико-экономической сфере, а также возникающими глобальными проблемами. Стремительное развитие технологий и качественные метаморфозы человеческой жизни, цифровизация, глобализация, вызовы, в разрешении которых требуются совместные усилия государств, изменение системы МО – все это закономерно провоцирует изменение механизмов международного сотрудничества. На основе проведенного анализа в заключении авторы представляют возможные сценарии дальнейшей трансформации системы сотрудничества.
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Sadik-Zada, Elkhan Richard, Andrea Gatto, Luigi Aldieri, Giovanna Bimonte, Luigi Senatore, and Concetto Paolo Vinci. "Game Theory Applications to Socio-Environmental Studies, Development Economics, and Sustainability Research." Games 15, no. 1 (January 31, 2024): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/g15010005.
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The present investigation elaborates on the level of game theory application for the applied and theoretical analyses of climate change and development studies. This editorial shows that the common good character of global climate alongside the increasing internalization of environmental externalities through national regulations and international environmental treaties jointly result in the increasing congruence between the context of climate change problems and the game theoretical method. Furthermore, the adoption of the Paris Accord by the overwhelming majority of developing countries as well as the disproportionate vulnerability of the Global South have led to an increasing shift in focus with regard to international development cooperation, from poverty alleviation and economic growth to green growth and circular economy solutions, within developing countries. The underutilization of game theory in the context of development studies is not satisfactory. This paper underlines the importance of implementing an impetus to researchers for scholarly discussions and applications of game theory in a discourse on the following topics: 1. economic growth; 2. climate change mitigation and adaptation; and 3. a broader socioeconomic development.
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Ratu Roy, Estalia Rona, Eri Dwi Wibawa, Gregorius Aji Sentosa, and Ines Wahyuniati Riza. "Success Indicators of International Corporate Research Cooperation: Case Study of Collaboration between BMW Group and Toyota Motor Corporation 2011." 15TH GLOBAL CONFERENCE ON BUSINESS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES ON 14 - 15 SEPTEMBER 2023, NOVOTEL BANGKOK PLATINUM PRATUNAM, THAILAND 15, no. 1 (September 14, 2023): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/gcbssproceeding.2023.1(29).
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Air pollution is an environmental threat that significantly impacts human health as it can cause premature death to 7 million people every year. In 2010, human activities added at least 35 billion tons of carbon dioxide emissions to the atmosphere. One opportunity to minimize this impact is environmentally friendly automotive technology. One example of such a solution is Toyota Motor Corporation's (TMC) research collaboration with BMW Group (since 2011), focusing on improving the performance and capacity of lithium-ion battery cells. Research collaboration between companies and countries is interesting because collaboration significantly impacts in several fields (economics, environment, knowledge, and automotive). The research question of this research is "What are the indicators of the success of the research cooperation between BMW Group and TMC since 2011 so that it can be said to be successful according to the theory of international economic cooperation?" Keywords: Research Cooperation, BMW Group, TMC, Success Indicators, Collaboration Impact.
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Zhao, Rong. "The Construction of International Regional Economic Cooperation Mechanism under the "One Belt, One Road" Initiative — Taking Cooperation between China and Uzbekistan as an Example." Modern Economics & Management Forum 3, no. 1 (February 15, 2022): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.32629/memf.v3i1.646.
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Affected by the new crown pneumonia epidemic, international regional economic cooperation will become more important. Under the "Belt and Road" initiative, China and Uzbekistan have good conditions to establish an economic cooperation mechanism, but they also face various problems. Under the "Belt and Road" international economic cooperation framework, solve the problems faced by the construction of China-Uzbekistan economic cooperation mechanism and build a bilateral trade cooperation mechanism.
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FERNANDEZ, LINDA. "Wastewater pollution abatement across an international border." Environment and Development Economics 14, no. 1 (February 2009): 67–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x08004543.
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ABSTRACTA differential game model is developed to compare incentives for wastewater pollution abatement of upstream and downstream countries under cooperative and noncooperative strategies. The Tijuana River is the empirical setting of water flow from south (Mexico) to north (US) where pollution stock accumulates. Asymmetry between the upstream and downstream countries for costs, damages, and emissions influences incentives to abate pollution. Cost minimization is achieved as the US can finance pollution abatement in Mexico. Game sharing rules (Shapley value, Chander–Tulkens rule, Helsinki rule, egalitarian rule) are analyzed. Financial transfers from two North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) institutions are examined. In most cases of cooperation, transfer payments are positive from downstream to upstream for reductions in flow and stock of pollution. Transfer size varies according to the rule and sensitivity analysis of changes in abatement costs and damages. The two institutions follow a variation of the Helsinki rule.
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Zhao, Hui Yue, Xia Qiu, Yan Hong Lu, and Qi Wang. "A Correlation Game Analysis between Regional Trade and Environmental Cooperation." Advanced Materials Research 1010-1012 (August 2014): 1939–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1010-1012.1939.
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With the development of economic globalization and Industrial modernization, the problems of Environmental pollution and pollutants transponder have become diverse and serious. Under the premise of the "super national organizations absent, cooperation is considered the key to solve the global environmental predicament effective means. Through the game theory to establish the regional trade and environment related analysis framework, which proved the mechanism not only could ensure international trading profits, at the same time, it can effectively solve the hitchhike behavior in the process of regional environmental cooperation. In order to achieve effective incentives for regional environmental governance action, promote the regional environmental cooperation, then effectively incentive the regional environmental governance activities, and promote the regional environmental cooperation.
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Rodiyah, R., R. Arifin, R. Wulansarie, M. I. Baiquni, and Z. Zainurohmah. "Capturing the Opportunity of Green Economic Policy for Environmental Sustainability." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1248, no. 1 (September 1, 2023): 012035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1248/1/012035.
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Abstract This research paper focuses on the concept of green economics policy as a means to achieve environmental sustainability. The paper begins by defining green economics policy as an approach that promotes sustainable economic growth while also protecting the environment. It argues that a shift towards a green economy is necessary to address the current environmentalchallenges facing the planet. The paper examines the key elements of a green economics policy,which include promoting renewable energy sources, investing in sustainable infrastructure, supporting sustainable agriculture practices, and incentivizing businesses to adopt environmentally friendly practices. The paper highlights the importance of policy coherence and coordination across different sectors and levels of government to ensure a successful transition to a green economy. The research also discusses the potential benefits of a green economics policy, such as the creation of green jobs, the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, and improved public health outcomes. The paper emphasizes the importance of engaging stakeholders in the policymaking process, including civil society organizations, businesses, and affected communities, to ensure that the policy is equitable and socially just. The paperconcludes by highlighting the urgent need for governments to adopt green economics policies to address the environmental crisis. It emphasizes the importance of international cooperation tosupport countries in transitioning to a green economy and the need for innovative financing mechanisms to support sustainable development. The paper argues that a green economics policy offers a viable path towards achieving environmental sustainability while also promoting economic growth and social equity.
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Aleksandr, Fokin. "Council for Environmental Mutual Aid: Environmental Protection and CMEA Issues." ISTORIYA 13, no. 12-1 (122) (2022): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840013686-3.
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The article deals with the initiatives of the CMEA member states in the field of environmental protection. The holding of the UN conference on the environment in Stockholm in 1972 actualized the environmental agenda both in the world and within the socialist camp. In parallel with the preparations for the UN conference in 1972, the journal “Problems of Peace and Socialism” held an international symposium “Marxism-Leninism and the Problems of Environmental Conservation”. This event was designed to develop a common point of view for communist parties on environmental protection. In 1976, an international meeting on environmental protection was held at the CMEA Secretariat. The meeting was organized by the Institute of Economics of the World Socialist System of the USSR Academy of Sciences and the Committee on Scientific and Technical Cooperation of CMEA. The main issues of the meeting were related to the state policy on environmental protection and use of natural resources in the CMEA member countries. Thus it can be stated that in the CMEA countries, as well as all over the world, since the 1970s the attention to environmental issues began to grow. At the same time, environmental rhetoric was often in conflict with the current objectives of the economies of the CMEA countries. Although the official discourse was dominated by the idea of aspirations for the future, the leaders preferred to solve the problems of the current moment.
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Ifan, Maykel, Edi Purwanto, Jan Pieter Ate, and Manlian Ronald A. Simanjuntak. "Bibliometric Analysis of Global Engagement Research: Trends, Prolific Authors, and Impact in Environmental Science and Business & Economics Fields." WIDYAKALA JOURNAL : JOURNAL OF PEMBANGUNAN JAYA UNIVERSITY 10, no. 2 (September 30, 2023): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.36262/widyakala.v10i2.804.
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Global engagement has become vital to academic research, particularly in economics and environmental science. This bibliometric analysis utilizes Scopus Analyze and VOSviewer to explore trends, prolific authors, and the impact of global engagement research in these fields, identifying research gaps in reputable international databases like Scopus. The study aims to provide insights into the implications of global engagement on society, economy, and environment. Data from 105 papers were collected, with reputable international journals being the dominant source. Findings indicate a rising interest in global engagement research from 2014 to 2023, with the United States leading in contributions, followed by the United Kingdom, Australia, and other countries. Themes prevalent in the research include education and sustainable development, focusing on cross-cultural learning experiences and the need for international cooperation to address global challenges. In environmental science, scholars explore sustainable development, the sustainable ocean economy, and the impact of economic growth on environmental sustainability, seeking to design effective strategies for green technologies and sustainable practices. This study's valuable insights contribute to business, economics, and environmental science, guiding future research and understanding global engagement's implications in various domains while identifying research gaps that offer opportunities for further investigation into novel aspects of global engagement.
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Ladychenko, Viktor, Olha Melnychuk, and Olena Yara Julia Kanaryk. "International Mechanism of the Environmental Information Access and Cooperation Framework for Climate Change Protection." European Journal of Sustainable Development 8, no. 4 (October 1, 2019): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2019.v8n4p131.
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Climate change and global warming are challenging for humanity. International cooperation and the formation of joint approaches to solving global challenges are of paramount importance for sustainable development. Like many countries in the region, Ukraine threatens to increase the number of natural disasters, floods in the Carpathians, transformation southern region steppe into the desert, flooding coastal parts and a shortage of drinking water in the central and eastern regions. Thus, this study explores the international mechanism of the environmental information access as a complex multi-level system, which determines various types of international cooperation. Environmental information access is of great practical importance both for humanity as a whole and for further reformation of the legislation of individual countries in order to ensure sustainable development, as well as to improve the practical activities of civil society. The findings show the need for people`s lifestyle changes, their environmental education and work. We therefore propose the international mechanism of the environmental information access as cooperation framework which enables companies and business communities more effectively and creatively solve economic and social problems.Keywords: Environmental information, information human rights, sustainable development, EU environmental policy, environmental human rights
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Hakan, Çora, Mikail Elnur Hasan, and Gül Sevda. "Protecting the environment as an international process: Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC)." E3S Web of Conferences 258 (2021): 05025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125805025.
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At In this paper, it was attempted to examine and analyze the environmental and sociological impact of Black Sea Economic Cooperation Organization (BSEC) that was established in June 1992 in Istanbul. Members of the organization are Albania, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Armenia, Georgia, Moldova, Romania, Russia, Turkey, Ukraine and Greece. The researchers and scholars should keep in mind that The Commission on the Protection of the Black Sea Against Pollution (the Black Sea Commission or BSC), through its Permanent Secretariat, is the intergovernmental association founded in execution of the Convention on the Protection of the Black Sea Against Pollution (Bucharest Convention), its Protocols and the Strategic Action Plan for the Environmental Protection and Rehabilitation of the Black Sea. Therefore, through BSEC, in the Summit Declaration signed with the participation of the Heads of State and Government of 11 member countries, the Black Sea region is envisaged to be a zone of peace, stability, and welfare. The mechanism chosen to achieve this goal is environmental, economic and social cooperation.
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Libecap, Gary D. "Addressing Global Environmental Externalities: Transaction Costs Considerations." Journal of Economic Literature 52, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 424–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jel.52.2.424.
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Is there a way to understand why some global environmental externalities are addressed effectively, whereas others are not? The transaction costs of defining the property rights to mitigation benefits and costs is a useful framework for such analysis. This approach views international cooperation as a contractual process among country leaders to assign those property rights. Leaders cooperate when it serves domestic interests to do so. The demand for property rights comes from those who value and stand to gain from multilateral action. Property rights are supplied by international agreements that specify resource access and use, assign costs and benefits including outlining the size and duration of compensating transfer payments, and determining who will pay and who will receive them. Four factors raise the transaction costs of assigning property rights: (i) scientific uncertainty regarding mitigation benefits and costs; (ii) varying preferences and perceptions across heterogeneous populations; (iii) asymmetric information; and (iv) the extent of compliance and new entry. These factors are used to examine the role of transaction costs in the establishment and allocation of property rights to provide globally valued national parks, implement the Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, execute the Montreal Protocol to manage emissions that damage the stratospheric ozone layer, set limits on harvest of highly-migratory ocean fish stocks, and control greenhouse gas emissions. ( JEL D23, P14, Q22, Q51, Q54, Q58)