Academic literature on the topic 'Environmental DNA (eDNA)'
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Journal articles on the topic "Environmental DNA (eDNA)"
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Pomohaibo, V. M., L. D. Orlova, and N. A. Vlasenko. "Environmental DNA: ecological and genetic aspects." Ecology and Noospherology 27, no. 1-2 (March 29, 2016): 16–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/031602.
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Attention to environmental DNA (eDNA) was motivated by problem of undesirable gene transfer possibility from genetically modified plants to wild bacteria and other organisms. First studies have already examined persistence of DNA from these plants in soil, and also in the samples of nearby groundwater and river for a few kilometers from the place of cultivating. In soil it persists long time enough – from a few days to a few years, and in water – from a few hours to a few days. eDNA excreted from different sources – frozen ice cores, sediments of lakes, soil, caves, water of lakes, rivers and oceans, contains genetic information about biodiversity of present and ancient organisms. Researches revealed an important fact: data of eDNA and other sources, for example pollen, macrofossils, living animals and plants, complement each other, showing more reliable information about the variety of species, than used separately. Therefore the analysis eDNA needs to be not of considered alternative method of ecological researches, but an additional to traditional methods. In the process of study of eDNA it is necessary to take into account five aspects at least: its origin, physical state, conversion, transport and technical challenges. The origin of eDNA remains studied not enough. From a few publications it is known that eDNA comes in different composition excretions, leaves, hair, peeling etc., or as a result of released plasmids and chromosomal DNA from living prokaryotes. There are also possible secondary sources of eDNA – dead bodies and excretions of predators, scavengers, detritivores and coprovores. On the amount of the genetic material, released by organisms in an environment, various ontogenetic, trophic and other factors can have considerably influence. eDNA can be presented in both intracellular and extracellular forms.. Over time intracellular eDNA releases outside by influence of different ecological factors – activity of microorganisms, presence of extracellular enzymes, mechanical destruction etc. In further extracellular eDNA can break in corpuscles of different sizes – mainly within the limits of 1–10 μm. It can be free, adsorbed by other substances or dissolved. At certain conditions the period of eDNA persistence can be very great – from a few hours (in water) to hundred thousands of years (in frozen ice cores). Ancient eDNA is very fragmented and chemically changed by various physical, chemical and biological factors of environment. Substantive eDNA amount is taken up by bacteria and protozoa. Here it quickly metabolizes, but some its fragments can be integrated in a local genome. eDNA is able to be transported to great distance (from a few meters to 10 kilometers) that can appreciably influence on the results of its research. Also the laboratory experiment has certain problems – design (equipment, sequence of operations and condition of it realization), realization of experiment, authenticity of it will depend on quality of equipment and reagents, competence and honesty of scientific personnel etc.), ability of skilled researcher to give interpretation of results. Data that given in our review testifies that the active study of eDNA only began, and further intensive efforts of environmentalists and geneticists are needed in direction of it research. The results of such researches will allow to create the effective methods of scientifically reasonable recreating nature application.
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Sengupta, Mita E., Micaela Hellström, Henry C. Kariuki, Annette Olsen, Philip F. Thomsen, Helena Mejer, Eske Willerslev, et al. "Environmental DNA for improved detection and environmental surveillance of schistosomiasis." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 18 (April 11, 2019): 8931–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1815046116.
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Schistosomiasis is a water-based, infectious disease with high morbidity and significant economic burdens affecting >250 million people globally. Disease control has, with notable success, for decades focused on drug treatment of infected human populations, but a recent paradigm shift now entails moving from control to elimination. To achieve this ambitious goal, more sensitive diagnostic tools are needed to monitor progress toward transmission interruption in the environment, especially in low-intensity infection areas. We report on the development of an environmental DNA (eDNA)-based tool to efficiently detect DNA traces of the parasite Schistosoma mansoni directly in the aquatic environment, where the nonhuman part of the parasite life cycle occurs. This is a report of the successful detection of S. mansoni in freshwater samples by using aquatic eDNA. True eDNA was detected in as few as 10 cercariae per liter of water in laboratory experiments. The field applicability of the method was tested at known transmission sites in Kenya, where comparison of schistosome detection by conventional snail surveys (snail collection and cercariae shedding) with eDNA (water samples) showed 71% agreement between the methods. The eDNA method furthermore detected schistosome presence at two additional sites where snail shedding failed, demonstrating a higher sensitivity of eDNA sampling. We conclude that eDNA provides a promising tool to substantially improve the environmental surveillance of S. mansoni. Given the proper method and guideline development, eDNA could become an essential future component of the schistosomiasis control tool box needed to achieve the goal of elimination.
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Pedersen, Mikkel Winther, Søren Overballe-Petersen, Luca Ermini, Clio Der Sarkissian, James Haile, Micaela Hellstrom, Johan Spens, et al. "Ancient and modern environmental DNA." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 370, no. 1660 (January 19, 2015): 20130383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2013.0383.
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DNA obtained from environmental samples such as sediments, ice or water (environmental DNA, eDNA), represents an important source of information on past and present biodiversity. It has revealed an ancient forest in Greenland, extended by several thousand years the survival dates for mainland woolly mammoth in Alaska, and pushed back the dates for spruce survival in Scandinavian ice-free refugia during the last glaciation. More recently, eDNA was used to uncover the past 50 000 years of vegetation history in the Arctic, revealing massive vegetation turnover at the Pleistocene/Holocene transition, with implications for the extinction of megafauna. Furthermore, eDNA can reflect the biodiversity of extant flora and fauna, both qualitatively and quantitatively, allowing detection of rare species. As such, trace studies of plant and vertebrate DNA in the environment have revolutionized our knowledge of biogeography. However, the approach remains marred by biases related to DNA behaviour in environmental settings, incomplete reference databases and false positive results due to contamination. We provide a review of the field.
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Bunce, Michael, and Allan Freeth. "Looking Further and Deeper into Environmental Protection, Regulation and Policy Using Environmental DNA (eDNA)." Policy Quarterly 18, no. 4 (November 6, 2022): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/pq.v18i4.8013.
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DNA sequencing technologies are transforming how environments are monitored. In this article, we pose the question: is environmental DNA (eDNA) the tool that Aotearoa New Zealand needs, but does not yet realise it does? The step change with eDNA is that genetic ‘breadcrumbs’ left behind in the environment can identify every living thing, from microbes to mammals, thus providing a more nuanced and holistic lens on ecosystems. Using eDNA, we can explore the biological networks that underpin healthy environments. Here we explore whether changes in policy setting, guidance, or pathways for uptake of eDNA are needed. Can eDNA help us make better decisions, inform policy and protections, track restoration, and act as a deterrent to reduce environmental harm?
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Havermans, Charlotte, Annkathrin Dischereit, Dmitrii Pantiukhin, Madlen Friedrich, and Ayla Murray. "ENVIRONMENTAL DNA IN AN OCEAN OF CHANGE: STATUS, CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS." Arquivos de Ciências do Mar 55, Especial (March 18, 2022): 298–337. http://dx.doi.org/10.32360/acmar.v55iespecial.78188.
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Environmental DNA (eDNA) studies have burgeoned over the last two decades and the application of eDNA has increased exponentially since 2010, albeit at a slower pace in the marine system. We provide a literature overview on marine metazoan eDNA studies and assess recent achievements in answering questions related to species distributions, biodiversity and biomass. We investigate which are the better studied taxonomic groups, geographic regions and the genetic markers used. We evaluate the use of eDNA for addressing ecological and environmental issues through food web, ecotoxicological, surveillance and management studies. Based on this state of the art, we highlight exciting prospects of eDNA for marine time series, population genetic studies, the use of natural sampler DNA, and eDNA data for building trophic networks and ecosystem models. We discuss the current limitations, in terms of marker choice and incompleteness of reference databases. We also present recent advances using experiments and modeling to better understand persistence, decay and dispersal of eDNA in coastal and oceanic systems. Finally, we explore promising avenues for marine eDNA research, including autonomous or passive eDNA sampling, as well as the combined applications of eDNA with different surveillance methods and further molecular advances.
Keywords: environmental DNA, DNA metabarcoding, marine metazoa, biodiversity, population genetics, natural sampler DNA, diet analysis.
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Chavez, Francisco, Markus Min, Kathleen Pitz, Nathan Truelove, Jacoby Baker, Diana LaScala-Grunewald, Marguerite Blum, et al. "Observing Life in the Sea Using Environmental DNA." Oceanography 34, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 102–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2021.218.
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The use of environmental DNA (eDNA) for studying the ecology and variability of life in the sea is reviewed here in the context of US interagency Marine Biodiversity Observation Network (MBON) projects. Much of the information in this paper comes from samples collected within US National Marine Sanctuaries. The field of eDNA is relatively new but growing rapidly, and it has the potential to disrupt current paradigms developed on the basis of existing measurement methods. After a general review of the field, we provide specific examples of the type of information that eDNA provides regarding the changing distribution of life in the sea over space (horizontally and vertically) and time. We conclude that eDNA analyses yield results that are similar to those collected using traditional observation methods, are complementary to them, and because of the breadth of information provided, have the potential to improve conservation and management practices. Moreover, through technology development and standardization of methods, eDNA offers a means to scale biological observations globally to a level similar to those currently made for ocean physics and biogeochemistry. This scaling can ultimately result in a far better understanding of global marine biodiversity and contribute to better management and sustainable use of the world ocean. Improved information management systems that track methods and associated metadata, together with international coordination, will be needed to realize a global eDNA observation network.
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Shu, Lu, Shijing Chen, Ping Li, and Zuogang Peng. "Environmental DNA Metabarcoding Reflects Fish DNA Dynamics in Lentic Ecosystems: A Case Study of Freshwater Ponds." Fishes 7, no. 5 (September 26, 2022): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fishes7050257.
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Environmental DNA (eDNA) is a good indicator of fish diversity and distribution in aquatic environments. This study used metabarcoding to assess fish diversity and distribution in two connected ponds during two sampling periods. The eDNA analysis of surface samples displayed differences in the fish communities between the two connected ponds, while within each sampling site the species detected across the two time points were not always the same. These results revealed poor horizontal transport of eDNA between the two connected ponds alongside poor mixing of eDNA for a single pond’s stocked fish. Additionally, water temperature, pH, and total nitrogen were the key environmental factors affecting fish eDNA spatial and temporal distribution. These findings have important implications for designing eDNA sampling strategies in lentic ecosystems; for example, complete fish diversity in a lentic ecosystem cannot be detected by collecting only surface samples and in only one sampling period.
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Shu, Lu, Arne Ludwig, and Zuogang Peng. "Standards for Methods Utilizing Environmental DNA for Detection of Fish Species." Genes 11, no. 3 (March 11, 2020): 296. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11030296.
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Environmental DNA (eDNA) techniques are gaining attention as cost-effective, non-invasive strategies for acquiring information on fish and other aquatic organisms from water samples. Currently, eDNA approaches are used to detect specific fish species and determine fish community diversity. Various protocols used with eDNA methods for aquatic organism detection have been reported in different eDNA studies, but there are no general recommendations for fish detection. Herein, we reviewed 168 papers to supplement and highlight the key criteria for each step of eDNA technology in fish detection and provide general suggestions for eliminating detection errors. Although there is no unified recommendation for the application of diverse eDNA in detecting fish species, in most cases, 1 or 2 L surface water collection and eDNA capture on 0.7-μm glass fiber filters followed by extraction with a DNeasy Blood and Tissue Kit or PowerWater DNA Isolation Kit are useful for obtaining high-quality eDNA. Subsequently, species-specific quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays based on mitochondrial cytochrome b gene markers or eDNA metabarcoding based on both 12S and 16S rRNA markers via high-throughput sequencing can effectively detect target DNA or estimate species richness. Furthermore, detection errors can be minimized by mitigating contamination, negative control, PCR replication, and using multiple genetic markers. Our aim is to provide a useful strategy for fish eDNA technology that can be applied by researchers, advisors, and managers.
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Cristescu, Melania E., and Paul D. N. Hebert. "Uses and Misuses of Environmental DNA in Biodiversity Science and Conservation." Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 49, no. 1 (November 2, 2018): 209–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-110617-062306.
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The study of environmental DNA (eDNA) has the potential to revolutionize biodiversity science and conservation action by enabling the census of species on a global scale in near real time. To achieve this promise, technical challenges must be resolved. In this review, we explore the main uses of eDNA as well as the complexities introduced by its misuse. Current eDNA methods require refinement and improved calibration and validation along the entire workflow to lessen false positives/negatives. Moreover, there is great need for a better understanding of the “natural history” of eDNA—its origins, state, lifetime, and transportation—and for more detailed insights concerning the physical and ecological limitations of eDNA use. Although eDNA analysis can provide powerful information, particularly in freshwater and marine environments, its impact is likely to be less significant in terrestrial settings. The broad adoption of eDNA tools in conservation will largely depend on addressing current uncertainties in data interpretation.
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Hayer, Cari-Ann, Michael F. Bayless, Amy George, Nathan Thompson, Catherine A. Richter, and Duane C. Chapman. "Use of Environmental DNA to Detect Grass Carp Spawning Events." Fishes 5, no. 3 (August 27, 2020): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fishes5030027.
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The timing and location of spawning events are important data for managers seeking to control invasive grass carp populations. Ichthyoplankton tows for grass carp eggs and larvae can be used to detect spawning events; however, these samples can be highly debris-laden, and are expensive and laborious to process. An alternative method, environmental DNA (eDNA) technology, has proven effective in determining the presence of aquatic species. The objectives of this project were to assess the use of eDNA collections and quantitative eDNA analysis to assess the potential spawning of grass carp in five reservoir tributaries, and to compare those results to the more traditional method of ichthyoplankton tows. Grass carp eDNA was detected in 56% of sampling occasions and was detected in all five rivers. Concentrations of grass carp eDNA were orders of magnitude higher in June, corresponding to elevated discharge and egg presence. Grass carp environmental DNA flux (copies/h) was lower when no eggs were present and was higher when velocities and discharge increased and eggs were present. There was a positive relationship between grass carp eDNA flux and egg flux. Our results support the further development of eDNA analysis as a method to detect the spawning events of grass carp or other rheophilic spawners.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Environmental DNA (eDNA)"
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Bakker, Judith. "e(lasmo)DNA : the role of environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis in marine fish biodiversity assessment, with special focus on elasmobranchs." Thesis, University of Salford, 2018. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/46838/.
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Knowledge of spatial and temporal variation in abundance is critical for the implementation of effective protective measures for organisms that are both naturally rare and vulnerable to exploitation. Therefore, the development of management and conservation strategies for taxa like teleosts and elasmobranchs, depends on the accurate assessment and monitoring of the distribution and abundance of target species. However, detecting species occurrences is often even more challenging in the aquatic environment than on land. Consequently, as is the case for many mobile, and often rare, vertebrates, fish (and particularly shark) detection is inherently difficult. Environmental DNA metabarcoding, based on the retrieval of genetic traces (skin cells, metabolic waste, etc.) naturally released in the environment, is emerging as a non-invasive method for the detection and identification of rare and elusive species in a wide range of ecosystems, including aquatic environments. My thesis addresses the development and application of an environmental DNA (eDNA) approach for the assessment of marine communities, and particularly of elasmobranch species. This novel eDNA approach was developed to investigate elasmobranch diversity in order to assess species richness in areas of special conservation concern. While simultaneously examining the influence of interacting factors such as habitat type and conservation regime in determining diversity and abundance. Additionally, the performance of eDNA analysis was compared with more traditional sampling methods. Moreover, the performances of multiple markers for the detection and characterization of both elasmobranch and teleost diversity were tested and evaluated. The potential implications of eDNA for fish, and larger scale marine community assessment and monitoring, spatial planning and fisheries management are significant.
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Woodell, James D. "Field application of environmental DNA techniques to detect early stages of invasion by the destructive New Zealand mud snail." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2019. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6889.
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Nonnative species that cause damage to ecosystems to which they are introduced are considered in-vasive. Restoration of the original ecosystem after an invasive population has established is expensive and difficult but more likely to succeed when invasions are discovered early. Containment efforts to prevent the spread of known invasions also benefit from earlier knowledge of invaded sites. Environ-mental DNA (eDNA) techniques are emerging as a tool that can identify invasive species at a distinctly earlier time point than traditional methods of detection. I collected water samples from eight sites not known to be invaded by the freshwater New Zealand mud snail (NZMS). After filtering these samples to collect eDNA, I used a species-specific probe with qPCR to identify NZMS eDNA. I found evidence for NZMS invasion at five of the eight sites, with later physical confirmation of mud snails at one of these sites. This study is the first example of successful application of eDNA to detect new invasions of the freshwater New Zealand mud snail, setting the stage for further monitoring of at-risk sites to de-tect and control new invasions of this destructive snail.
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Roderique, Bonnie A. "IMPROVING THE CONSERVATION OF A CRYPTIC ENDANGERED FRESHWATER MUSSEL (PARVASPINA COLLINA) THROUGH THE USE OF ENVIRONMENTAL DNA AND SPECIES DISTRIBUTION MODELING." VCU Scholars Compass, 2018. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5552.
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Conservation efforts that involve habitat protection, population augmentation, and species reintroductions require knowledge of the habitat requirements, distribution, and abundance of a species—information that can be challenging to acquire, especially for rare organisms with patchy distributions. In this thesis, I develop a protocol for the use of environmental DNA (eDNA) and create a Species Distribution Model for the endangered James spinymussel, Parvaspina collina (Unionidae). The results of this work show that eDNA is a robust tool for identifying species presence but not for estimating the relative abundance of populations. This study found that P. collina’s distribution is influenced by abiotic habitat characteristics related to sedimentation and runoff rather than by the distribution of its host fishes. The predicted habitat suitability was used to identify locations of priority conservation concern and these results can be used to direct future sampling efforts, identify potential dispersal routes, and inform conservation decisions.
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Ulibarri, Roy M. "Habitat Suitability Criteria for Zuni Bluehead Sucker Catostomus discobolus yarrowi and Navajo Nation Genetic Subunit Bluehead Sucker Catostomus discobolus and Comparing Efficiency of AFS Standard Snorkeling Techniques to eDNA Sampling Techniques." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/604876.
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I quantified habitat selection for the endangered Zuni Bluehead Sucker Catostomus discobolus yarrowi and the Navajo Nation Genetic Subunit (NNGS) Bluehead Sucker Catostomus discobolus - a recent taxon described from genetic information. Both taxa are found in northern Arizona and New Mexico border regions. I examined fish [≥50 millimeters (mm) total length (TL)] selection of microhabitat conditions (i.e., water velocity, substrate size, overhead cover, water depth, instream cover, and mesohabitat conditions [i.e., pool, run riffle], during summer base flow conditions for NNGS Bluehead Suckers, and during both summer base flow and high spring flow conditions for Zuni Bluehead Suckers in six streams). Electrofishing, seining, and snorkeling were used to evaluate fish occupancy. From this information, I developed stream specific habitat suitability criteria (HSC) and then generalized HSC for each taxon, and tested transferability of the generalized HSC to individual streams. Zuni Bluehead Suckers and NNGS Bluehead Suckers occupied similar habitats: low velocity pools; sand, silt, and pebble substrate; high percent of instream cover; and water temperatures ranging from 2-21°C. However, Zuni Bluehead Suckers selected for low (0-25%) overhead cover where as NNGS Bluehead Sucker selected for high (0-75%) overhead cover. This was likely due to the source of instream cover–aquatic macrophytes that required sunlight in the Zuni Bluehead Sucker streams, and large woody debris falling from overhead branches in the NNGS Bluehead Sucker streams. Suggestions for managers includes maintaining existing cover or artificially construct additional instream cover; promote overhead cover (e.g., maintaining large trees along streams) and pool mesohabitats. In addition to this work I also tested the new method of environmental DNA (eDNA) to further help conservation efforts for these taxa. Environmental DNA has typically been used to detect invasive species in aquatic environments through water samples. I compared the efficacy of eDNA methodology to American Fisheries Society standard snorkeling surveys to detect presence of a rare fish species. My study site included three streams on the Navajo Nation in northern Arizona and northern New Mexico containing Navajo Nation Genetic Subunit Bluehead Sucker Catostomus discobolus and the Zuni Bluehead Sucker Catostomus discobolus yarrowi. To determine sample sites, I first divided entire wetted area of streams into 100-m consecutive reaches. I systematically selected 10 of those reaches for snorkel and eDNA surveys. Water samples were taken in 10-m sections within each 100-m reach, and fish presence via snorkeling was noted in each 10-m section as well. Water samples were collected at the downstream starting point of each reach, and continued upstream in each section 5 to 8 m ahead of the snorkeler. A qPCR was run on each individual water sample in quadruplicate to test for sucker presence or absence. I was able to positively detect both species with eDNA sampling techniques in two out of three streams. Snorkeling resulted in positive detections of both species in all three streams. In streams where fish were detected with eDNA sampling, snorkeling detected fishes at 11-29 sites per stream, where as eDNA detected fish at 3-12 sites per streams. My results suggested that AFS standard snorkeling was more effective at detecting target fish species than eDNA. To improve eDNA sampling, the amount of water collected and tested should be increased. Additionally, filtering water on site may improve eDNA techniques for detecting fish. Future research should focus on standardizing eDNA sampling to provide a widely operational sampling tool similar to electrofishing, netting, and hydroacoustics.
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Eddings, James B. "The Utility of Environmental DNA and Species Distribution Models in Assessing the Habitat Requirements of Twelve Fish Species in Alaskan North Slope Rivers." DigitalCommons@USU, 2020. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7708.
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Subsistence fishing is a vital component of Alaska’s North Slope borough economy and culture that is being threatened by human disturbance. These threats mean the fish must be protected, but the size of the region makes conservation planning difficult. Fortunately, advances in species distribution models (SDMs), environmental DNA (eDNA), and remote sensing technologies provide potential to better understand species’ needs and guide management. The objectives of my study were to: (1) map the current habitat suitability for twelve fish species, occurring in Alaska’s North Slope,(2) determine if SDMs based on eDNA data performed similarly to, or improved, models based on traditional sampling data, and (3) predict how species distributions will shift in the future in response to climate change. I was able to produce robust models for 8 of 12 species that relate environmental characteristics to a species’ presence or absence and identify stream reaches where species are likely to occur. Unfortunately, the use of eDNA data did not produce useful models in Northern Alaskan rivers. However, I was able to generate predictions of species distributions into the future that should help inform management for years to come.
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Perez, Christina R., and Christina R. Perez. "Relationship between American Fisheries Society Standard Fish Sampling Techniques and Environmental DNA (eDNA) for Characterizing Fish Presence, Relative Abundance, Biomass, and Species Composition in Arizona Standing Waters." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621368.
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Recently, examination of deoxyribonucleic acids in water samples (environmental DNA or eDNA) has shown promise for identifying fish species present in water bodies. In water, eDNA arises from bodily secretions such as mucus, gametes, and feces. I investigated whether eDNA can be effective for characterizing fish presence, relative abundance, biomass, and species composition in a large Arizona reservoir (Theodore Roosevelt Lake) and 12 small Arizona (<24 ha) waterbodies. Specifically, I compared fish presence, relative abundance (catch per unit effort [CPUE]), biomass (biomass per unit effort [BPUE]), and species composition measured through eDNA methods and established American Fisheries Society (AFS) standard sampling methods in Theodore Roosevelt Lake and 12 small waterbodies. Environmental DNA sampling resulted in detection of Gizzard Shad Dorosoma cepedianum at a higher percentage of sites than boat electrofishing, both in spring and fall. Contrarily, gill nets detected Gizzard Shad at more sites than eDNA for both spring and fall sampling in Lake Roosevelt. Boat electrofishing and gill netting detected Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides at more sites than eDNA, with the exception of fall gill net sites which equally detected Largemouth Bass at sites within Lake Roosevelt. Environmental DNA detected Largemouth Bass and Bluegill Lepomis macrochirus at more Arizona small lakes than detection with established gear methods. I observed no relationship between relative abundance and biomass of Largemouth Bass and Gizzard Shad measured by established methods and their DNA copies at individual sites or by lake section in Lake Roosevelt. Likewise, I found no relationship between relative abundance and biomass of Largemouth Bass and Bluegill measured by established methods and their DNA copies across 12 small waterbodies. Plot analysis conceivably illustrated that reservoir-wide catch composition (numbers and total weight of fish [g]) achieved through a combination of gear types (boat electrofishing + gill netting) for Largemouth Bass and Gizzard Shad was slightly similar to the proportion of total eDNA copies of each species for both spring and fall field sampling. Likewise, spring and fall gill net surveys somewhat portrayed total catch composition (numbers and total weight of fish [g]) of Largemouth Bass and Gizzard Shad similar to the proportion of total eDNA copies of each species. The exception was the total lack of similarity illustrated between proportions of fish caught in spring and fall boat electrofishing and total eDNA copies of each species in Lake Roosevelt. However, the deceptive similarity of all the plots were not present in the chi-square analysis with the exception of fall gill net surveys in Lake Roosevelt. In addition, eDNA did reflect the relative proportions of Largemouth Bass and Bluegill in total catch composition in some, but not all of 12 small Arizona waterbodies. The ease of eDNA sampling over established fish sampling makes it appealing to natural resource managers. Compared to current established fish sampling methods, eDNA sampling can be less laborious, less time consuming, and more cost effective. Environmental DNA sampling may be useful in sites that have difficult access such as remote sites. However, evaluation of eDNA is necessary to identify limitations and benefits in fish monitoring programs. Furthermore, field sampling protocols, filtration, DNA extraction, primer design, and DNA sequencing methods need further refinement and testing before incorporation into standard fish sampling surveys.
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Snyder, Matthew Robert. "Environmental DNA Detection and Population Genetic Patterns of Native and Invasive Great Lakes Fishes." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1564680483342507.
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Hinkle, Jameson. "PROOF-OF-CONCEPT OF ENVIRONMENTAL DNA TOOLS FOR ATLANTIC STURGEON MANAGEMENT." VCU Scholars Compass, 2015. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3932.
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Abstract
The Atlantic Sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus, Mitchell) is an anadromous species that spawns in tidal freshwater rivers from Canada to Florida. Overfishing, river sedimentation and alteration of the river bottom have decreased Atlantic Sturgeon populations, and NOAA lists the species as endangered. Ecologists sometimes find it difficult to locate individuals of a species that is rare, endangered or invasive. The need for methods less invasive that can create more resolution of cryptic species presence is necessary. Environmental DNA (eDNA) is a non-invasive means of detecting rare, endangered, or invasive species by isolating nuclear or mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from the water column. We evaluated the potential of eDNA to document the presence of Atlantic Sturgeon in the James River, Virginia. Genetic primers targeted the mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxydase I gene, and a restriction enzyme assay (DraIII) was developed. Positive control mesocosm and James River samples revealed a nonspecific sequence—mostly bacteria commonly seen in environmental waters. Methods more stringent to a single species was necessary. Novel qPCR primers were derived from a second region of Cytochrome Oxydase II, and subject to quantitative PCR. This technique correctly identified Atlantic Sturgeon DNA and differentiated among other fish taxa commonly occurring in the lower James River, Virginia. Quantitative PCR had a biomass detection limit of 32.3 ug/L and subsequent analysis of catchment of Atlantic Sturgeon from the Lower James River, Virginia from the fall of 2013 provided estimates of 264.2 ug/L Atlantic Sturgeon biomass. Quantitative PCR sensitivity analysis and incorporation of studies of the hydrology of the James River should be done to further define habitat utilization by local Atlantic Sturgeon populations.
IACUC: AD20127
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Smith, Lia. "Biodiversity monitoring using environmental DNA: Can it detect all fish species in a waterbody and is it cost effective for routine monitoring?" Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2017. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1985.
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The challenges associated with environmental monitoring such as the impact on the environment and the financial costs are problems we face when trying to conserve freshwater systems around the world. The need for precise and accurate results that are cost effective is important so that we can achieve our conservation goals.
The overall aim of this study was to explore Next-Generation - metabarcoding for the detection of feral and native freshwater fish species based on the DNA shed by individual organisms into the water column. Cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) primers were developed for this study using DNA from six freshwater species expected to be found in the waterbody. These primers, along with 16S rRNA (16S) primers, were assessed to ensure that the molecular method was robust and suitable for use in the field. Along with the cost effectiveness of the molecular method when compared to the more traditional surveying method of Fyke net surveying.
This study comprised development of field and lab protocols for the detection of freshwater fish species in a lentic system. Both the COI and 16S primer sets showed results that were comparable to previous Fyke net surveys, though both primer sets detected species that the other did not. Further qPCR analysis showed that there were differences in detection for both primers for each of the species. The molecular surveying of the waterbody has been proven sensitive enough to detect Maccullochella peelii. This species has a very low abundance in the waterbody (believed to be n=1) so these results suggest that this method can be used to target low abundance species.
The outcome of this study highlighted the need for multi-location sampling within a waterbody as increasing the number of locations sampled, led to an increase in the number of species detected. Along with the multi-location sampling, it was also important to sample throughout the year to account for seasonal variability. The eDNA study emphasized the importance of having knowledge of both the ecology and the biology of the species targeted so that a robust monitoring method can be implemented.
As well as comparing the apparent accuracy of Fyke netting and the eDNA approach in the study waterbody, a cost benefit analysis comparing the relative costs of multiplex DNA surveying, single species molecular surveying, and Fyke net surveying was undertaken. Molecular environmental surveying was found to be a cost effective method for monitoring, as the analysis suggested single species monitoring would break even after only 95 waterbodies were surveyed, and multiplex surveying would break even after 145 waterbodies, under the proposed scenario. The cost benefit analysis explored the costs associated with all three methods, including lab set up costs, along with the number of waterbodies that could be surveyed on both a weekly and yearly basis.
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Harper, Kirsten Jennifer. "Trophic niche and detection of the invasive signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus) in Scotland." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/22355.
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Aquatic invasive species are a major threat to native freshwater biodiversity. The North American signal crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus was introduced to Great Britain during the 1970s and is now widely distributed throughout England, Wales and Scotland. First recorded in Scotland in 1995, P. leniusculus is now established at more than twenty sites. The only other introduced crayfish species present in Scotland is the white-clawed crayfish Austropotamobius pallipes. A. pallipes is restricted to only two locations in Scotland, Loch Croispol and Whitemoss Reservoir. P. leniusculus negatively impacts macrophytes, invertebrates and fish though ecological and physical processes. Additionally, P. leniusculus has displaced A. pallipes throughout much of its native range within Great Britain due to competition and disease. Consequently, the two A. pallipes populations in Scotland have a high conservation value. This PhD study aimed to improve understanding of P. leniusculus invasion success by examining trophic dynamics and to develop methodologies that could improve the detection and control of P. leniusculus populations in Scotland. Stable isotope analysis was used to determine the diet composition, trophic position and whether an ontogenetic dietary shift occurs in the Loch Ken population of P. leniusculus. Bayesian mixing models indicated that P. leniusculus in Loch Ken do exhibit an ontogenetic dietary shift. Additionally, individuals of all sizes occupied the trophic position of a predator in Loch Ken suggesting that invertebrates and fish constitute an important component of P. leniusculus diet. Stable isotope analysis was used once again to compare the isotopic niche width and diet composition of P. leniusculus populations from Loch Ken and A. pallipes populations from Loch Croispol and Whitemoss Reservoir. At the species level, A. pallipes exhibited a larger niche width than that of P. leniusculus. At the population level, the isotopic signatures of the A. pallipes populations were considerably different from each other suggesting an overestimation of A. pallipes’ niche width at species level. Results showed no dietary overlap between species and Bayesian mixing models suggested P. leniusculus and A. pallipes were consuming different resources, indicating there would be no direct competition for food resources if they were to co-occur. A plus-maze study was used to determine if P. leniusculus exhibited a preference for one of four food attractants (Oncorhynchus mykiss, P. leniusculus, beef or vegetation), which could be used to improve trapping efficiency. In the maze system, P. leniusculus exhibited no preference for any food attractant presented. This would suggest that either the maze was not a good model or food attractants would not improve trapping efficiency of P. leniusculus. Additionally, a comparative investigation into the use of gill nets as a method to control P. leniusculus was conducted. Results showed that the net type and the presence of fish entangled in the net influenced the number of P. leniusculus caught. Finally, environmental DNA (eDNA) was used and evaluated for detection of P. leniusculus. A robust quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) assay and DNA extraction protocol were developed. Using the developed qPCR assay, P. leniusculus eDNA was detected in controlled aquaria conditions but not in environmental water samples collected from the field. Furthermore, the quantities of P. leniusculus eDNA declined in aquaria conditions while individuals were still present suggesting the mechanisms for eDNA release by P. leniusculus are complex. Stable isotope analysis indicates that P. leniusculus exhibit an ontogenetic dietary shift, and in each life stage, P. leniusculus function as an omnivore but occupy the trophic position of a predator. Niche width analysis revealed that the diet of P. leniusculus was less general than that observed in A. pallipes and thus diet of P. leniusculus may not be responsible for invasive success. Food attractants will not enhance trapping efficiency but nets may present a potential new method to control P. leniusculus. Similarly, eDNA presents a promising new method for rapid detection of P. leniusculus. It will not be possible to eradicate P. leniusculus in Scotland but the findings of this PhD may help prevent establishment of new populations. These results should be incorporated into future management strategies for P. leniusculus populations in Scotland and may have broader applications in Great Britain and Europe.
Books on the topic "Environmental DNA (eDNA)"
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Taberlet, Pierre, Aurélie Bonin, Lucie Zinger, and Eric Coissac. Introduction to environmental DNA (eDNA). Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198767220.003.0001.
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Chapter “Introduction to environmental DNA (eDNA)” defines the central concepts of this book. Environmental DNA (eDNA) corresponds to a mixture of genomic DNA from many different organisms found in an environmental sample such as water, soil, or feces. DNA metabarcoding can be defined as the simultaneous DNA-based identification of many taxa found in the same eDNA extract. It is usually based on the analysis of a metabarcode (i.e., a short and taxonomically informative DNA region). Metagenomics refers to the assembly and functional analysis of the different genomes found in an environmental sample, while metatranscriptomics examines gene expression and regulation at the sampling time based on the set of RNAs extracted from such a sample. Chapter also presents a brief history of eDNA, highlights the different steps of an eDNA study, and gives an overview of the different eDNA methods implemented in ecological research or biodiversity management.
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Taberlet, Pierre, Aurélie Bonin, Lucie Zinger, and Eric Coissac. Environmental DNA. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198767220.001.0001.
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Environmental DNA (eDNA), i.e. DNA released in the environment by any living form, represents a formidable opportunity to gather high-throughput and standard information on the distribution or feeding habits of species. It has therefore great potential for applications in ecology and biodiversity management. However, this research field is fast-moving, involves different areas of expertise and currently lacks standard approaches, which calls for an up-to-date and comprehensive synthesis. Environmental DNA for biodiversity research and monitoring covers current methods based on eDNA, with a particular focus on “eDNA metabarcoding”. Intended for scientists and managers, it provides the background information to allow the design of sound experiments. It revisits all steps necessary to produce high-quality metabarcoding data such as sampling, metabarcode design, optimization of PCR and sequencing protocols, as well as analysis of large sequencing datasets. All these different steps are presented by discussing the potential and current challenges of eDNA-based approaches to infer parameters on biodiversity or ecological processes. The last chapters of this book review how DNA metabarcoding has been used so far to unravel novel patterns of diversity in space and time, to detect particular species, and to answer new ecological questions in various ecosystems and for various organisms. Environmental DNA for biodiversity research and monitoring constitutes an essential reading for all graduate students, researchers and practitioners who do not have a strong background in molecular genetics and who are willing to use eDNA approaches in ecology and biomonitoring.
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Taberlet, Pierre, Aurélie Bonin, Lucie Zinger, and Eric Coissac. DNA extraction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198767220.003.0005.
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Chapter 5 “DNA extraction” focuses on the particularities and practical constraints associated with the isolation of eDNA from environmental samples. The extraction protocol is indeed crucial in eDNA studies, as it will determine whether extracellular, intracellular, or total DNA is targeted. Chapter 5 describes the main advantages and limitations of the most popular extraction kits aimed at obtaining DNA from soil, sediment, litter, feces, or water. It provides a detailed protocol for DNA extraction from soil samples using a saturated phosphate buffer. This protocol has been optimized for an easy implementation in the field using a mobile laboratory, so the material and consumables necessary are also listed.
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Taberlet, Pierre, Aurélie Bonin, Lucie Zinger, and Eric Coissac. The future of eDNA metabarcoding. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198767220.003.0019.
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Environmental DNA-based research is undergoing rapid developments, but its democratization in basic and applied research remains hampered by the biases introduced by molecular approaches, the difficulties in estimating absolute organisms’ abundances, and a lack of general consensus in molecular protocols. Chapter 19 “The future of eDNA metabarcoding” provides an overview of these current challenges and discusses how shotgun sequencing, capture-based methods, inclusion of internal standards, and development of new data repositories could alleviate these limits and facilitate cross-experiments comparisons. This chapter finally turns to open questions on the potentiality of new sequencing methods and proposes directions to improve biodiversity estimates and ecological inferences and predictions from eDNA data, and ultimately stimulate further developments and integration of eDNA metabarcoding into academic and operational ecological research and monitoring.
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Taberlet, Pierre, Aurélie Bonin, Lucie Zinger, and Eric Coissac. Marine environments. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198767220.003.0013.
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Chapter 13 “Marine environments” focuses on different applications of eDNA to study marine biodiversity. After a brief description of the current knowledge on DNA cycle in pelagic and benthic environments, this chapter revisits how DNA metabarcoding, and more generally environmental genomics have revolutionized the field of marine microbiology through the discovery of novel taxa and by unveiling large-scale patterns of diversity for marine bacteria, protists, and viruses. This chapter then presents recent applications of DNA metabarcoding for both basic research or biomonitoring purposes to study marine invertebrates and fish populations and diversity, as well as the detection of invasive species. Current gaps and methodological challenges are also discussed.
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Taberlet, Pierre, Aurélie Bonin, Lucie Zinger, and Eric Coissac. Some early landmark studies. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198767220.003.0011.
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Chapter 11 entitled “Some early landmark studies” revisits several seminal articles that paved the way for the field of eDNA research. It first evokes the paper that first coined the expression “environmental DNA” in the late 1980s. Then, it describes how eDNA was first exploited in the early 1990s to reveal an unsuspected microbial diversity that morphology- or cultivation-based methods had failed to reach. In the late 1990s, microbiologists began to explore in several pioneer papers the functional insight provided by “metagenomes” (i.e., the collective genomes found in eDNA samples). In the 2000s, eDNA analysis was finally extended to macroorganisms. Chapter 11 reports such a use in two very different contexts (i.e., the detection of a contemporary invasive species, the bullfrog, and the reconstruction of past plant and animal communities from sediment and permafrost samples).
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Taberlet, Pierre, Aurélie Bonin, Lucie Zinger, and Eric Coissac. Terrestrial ecosystems. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198767220.003.0014.
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Chapter 14 “Terrestrial ecosystems” focuses on the use of eDNA analysis for the study of terrestrial organisms, especially those found in or associated with soil. While eDNA-based analyses have rapidly gained momentum in the freshwater ecology community, first for single-species detection and more recently for diversity surveys, their success has been less immediate among terrestrial ecologists. Soil microbiologists are a notable exception, as they quickly realized that targeting DNA directly in the environment could free them from cultivating microorganisms prior to any community census. This chapter first addresses the particularities of detectability, persistence, and mobility of eDNA in soil. Then, it revisits several remarkable studies dealing with the characterization of plant, earthworm, or soil microbial communities, as well as soil functional diversity. Finally, Chapter 14 reviews one of the most fascinating opportunities offered by eDNA metabarcoding (i.e., the possibility to carry out multitaxa diversity surveys).
Book chapters on the topic "Environmental DNA (eDNA)"
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Majeed, Mahak, and Reiaz Ul Rehman. "Approaches for Metabarcoding and Environmental DNA (eDNA) Assays in Plants." In Plant Ecogenomics, 83–103. New York: Apple Academic Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003282006-4.
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Danial Hariz, Z. A., and M. A. Noor Adelyna. "Environmental DNA (eDNA) Metabarcoding as a Sustainable Tool of Coastal Biodiversity Assessment." In World Sustainability Series, 211–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15604-6_14.
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Cowart, Dominique A., Katherine R. Murphy, and C. H. Christina Cheng. "Environmental DNA from Marine Waters and Substrates: Protocols for Sampling and eDNA Extraction." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 225–51. New York, NY: Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2313-8_11.
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DeSalle, Rob, Michael Tessler, and Jeffrey Rosenfeld. "Environmental DNA (eDNA)." In Phylogenomics, 347–57. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429397547-30.
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Piaggio, Antoinette J. "Environmental DNA for conservation." In Conservation Technology, 157–76. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198850243.003.0008.
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Detection and monitoring of wildlife species of concern is a costly and time-consuming challenge that is critical to the management of such species. Tools such as lures and traps can cause unnecessary stress or other health impacts to sensitive species. Development and refinement of tools that provide means to detect rare and elusive species without requiring contact with them reduce such impacts. Further, the potential of detection after the target species has moved on from a sampling site could allow for higher potential for detection of rare species. The ability to amplify DNA from environmental samples (e.g. water, soil, air, and other substrates) has provided a non-invasive method for detection of rare or elusive species while reducing negative impacts to wildlife. Like other non-invasive methods, such as cameras, there are methodological pitfalls associated with environmental DNA (eDNA) sampling to consider. Each study system will provide unique challenges to adequate eDNA sampling. Thus, pilot studies are critical for successful implementation of a larger-scale detection and monitoring study. This chapter will describe the benefits and challenges of using eDNA, detail types of eDNA sampling, and provide guidance on designing appropriate study design and sampling schemes. Empirical studies using eDNA applied to wildlife conservation efforts will be highlighted and discussed.
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"Proceedings of the First International Snakehead Symposium." In Proceedings of the First International Snakehead Symposium, edited by Margaret E. Hunter, Pamela J. Schofield, Gaia Meigs-Friend, Mary E. Brown, and Jason A. Ferrante. American Fisheries Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874585.ch9.
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<em>Abstract.</em>—Bullseye Snakehead <em>Channa marulius </em>(Hamilton 1822) was first detected in the southern Florida town of Tamarac in 2000 and has been expanding its geographic range since. Environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis is a newly-developed technique used to noninvasively detect cryptic or low-density species or those that are logistically difficult-to-study. Genetic material shed into the environment through tissue and body fluids is concentrated from water samples and analyzed for the presence of target species eDNA. To help delineate Bullseye Snakehead’s geographic range, we developed and validated a species-specific eDNA assay for both quantitative and droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). We then used ddPCR to assess 16 locations in southeast Florida using 222 water samples collected from 2015 to 2018. Positive eDNA detections were obtained at all six locations that were within the known geographic range of Bullseye Snakehead. Furthermore, eDNA was detected in six of 10 locations that were previously thought to be outside the periphery of the range but hydrologically connected through the extensive canal system. Over the four years of sampling, estimated occurrence rates (ψ) remained stable and relatively high (ψ = 0.67 [95% credible interval (CI) 0.33–0.95]) near Tamarac, Florida, as compared to the most southern sampling locations (ψ = 0.0–0.37). Bullseye Snakehead eDNA estimated occurrence rates in the middle region increased between 2016 (0.28 [95% CI 0.03–0.94]) and 2017 (0.66 [95% CI 0.24–0.98]), potentially reflecting eDNA detections related to a growing or expanding population. Bullseye Snakehead eDNA was detected at low concentrations on the northern and eastern borders of Everglades National Park, which is an important conservation area and UNESCO World Heritage Site. Despite extensive sampling via electrofishing, no Bullseye Snakehead were visually detected in several locations that yielded positive eDNA samples. It is unclear whether eDNA was transported through flowing water or another vector. To date, collection records for this species are confined to urban canals; however, Bullseye Snakehead may use the interconnected system of canals to disperse to natural conservation areas such as Everglades National Park, Big Cypress National Preserve, and Water Conservation Areas, where it may impact native species via predation and competition.
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Allendorf, Fred W., W. Chris Funk, Sally N. Aitken, Margaret Byrne, and Gordon Luikart. "Genetic Monitoring." In Conservation and the Genomics of Populations, 540–57. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198856566.003.0023.
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Genetics plays an increasing role in monitoring demographic and genetic changes in populations over time. One of the most powerful advances in genetic monitoring is the development of techniques to detect trace amounts of DNA in noninvasive samples (e.g., feathers, skin, etc.) and environmental DNA (eDNA) from elusive and rare species in water and soil samples. Individual genotypes from noninvasive samples such as feces and hair can be used to estimate abundance, survival, and other demographic parameters using mark–recapture analysis. Genetic monitoring of heterozygosity, allelic diversity, and effective population size allows managers to detect genetic changes in response to environmental perturbations or management actions. Genomic methods now allow detection and monitoring of adaptive alleles; for example, to test whether these alleles increase in frequency in response to environmental change, demonstrating an adaptive response, stress, or a die-off (e.g., caused by infectious disease pathogens).
Conference papers on the topic "Environmental DNA (eDNA)"
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I.V., Golovinov, Vorobeva A.V., Alimova A.Sh., Gaidamachenko V.N., and Nebesikhina N.A. "APPLICATIONS ENVIROMENTAL DNA (eDNA) IN AQUACULTURE." In II INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE "DEVELOPMENT AND MODERN PROBLEMS OF AQUACULTURE" ("AQUACULTURE 2022" CONFERENCE). DSTU-Print, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/aquaculture.2022.47-49.
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Early detection and control of fish diseases is critical for aquaculture. Traditional monitoring methods are time consuming and often ineffective. Environmental DNA (eDNA) can be used to monitor waterborne infections in fish. The present study examined the application of environmental DNA to the monitoring of infectious diseases in fish in aquaculture. Literature data on the use of eDNA in the diagnosis of pathogens using various methods of molecular biology are presented.
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Miller, Joshua, and Carl Simpson. "CRYPTIC AGE-MIXING WITHIN ENVIRONMENTAL DNA (EDNA) COMPLICATES ESTIMATES OF MEGAFAUNAL EXTINCTION." In GSA Connects 2022 meeting in Denver, Colorado. Geological Society of America, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2022am-380190.
Full textReports on the topic "Environmental DNA (eDNA)"
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Seth Wollney, Seth Wollney. An environmental DNA (eDNA) approach to discovering life in NYC Ponds. Experiment, March 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/4808.
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Lance, Richard, and Xin Guan. Variation in inhibitor effects on qPCR assays and implications for eDNA surveys. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41740.
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Aquatic environmental DNA (eDNA) surveys are sometimes impacted by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) inhibitors. We tested varying concentrations of different inhibitors (humic, phytic, and tannic acids; crude leaf extracts) for impacts on quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays designed for eDNA surveys of bighead and silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis and Hypophthalmichthys molitrix). We also tested for inhibition by high concentrations of exogenous DNA, hypothesizing that DNA from increasingly closely related species would be increasingly inhibitory. All tested inhibitors impacted qPCR, though only at very high concentrations — likely a function, in part, of having used an inhibitor-resistant qPCR solution. Closer phylogenetic relatedness resulted in inhibition at lower exogenous DNA concentrations, but not at relatively close phylogenetic scales. Inhibition was also influenced by the qPCR reporter dye used. Importantly, different qPCR assays responded differently to the same inhibitor concentrations. Implications of these results are that the inclusion of more than one assay for the same target taxa in an eDNA survey may be an important countermeasure against false negatives and that internal positive controls may not, in the absence of efforts to maximize inhibition compatibility, provide useful information about the inhibition of an eDNA assay.