Relevant bibliographies by topics / Environmental charter

Academic literature on the topic 'Environmental charter'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Environmental charter"

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Rogers, James E. "Adopting and implementing a corporate environmental charter." Business Horizons 35, no. 2 (March 1992): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0007-6813(05)80191-0.

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Aguila, Yann, and Lionel Chami. "A New Environmental Charter for the Future." Environmental Policy and Law 50, no. 6 (May 11, 2021): 531–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/epl-209008.

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The environmental crisis compels humanity to redefine its relationship with nature. This calls for the principles that would guide the new pathway to be outlined and enshrined into a global treaty. An environmental charter for the future would serve the purpose of a social contract and define the norms which would allow humanity to coexist with its natural environment. In this context, this article argues that faith in the international system could be restored by a global agreement on the basic principles which are to guide the new system for international environmental governance. It will thus first focus on (i) exposing the merits of principles in a legal system, (ii) tackling the purely technical vision that weakens both the creation and implementation of international environmental law and (iii) finally, it will make the case for a global environmental charter that would enshrine fundamental principles and rejuvenate the values that founded the international system.
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Whitehurst, G. "Services for drug users. Charter—what charter?" Journal of Substance Misuse 1, no. 1 (January 1996): 56–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14659899609094720.

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Walde, Thomas W. "European Energy Charter Conference: Final Act, Energy Charter Treaty, Decisions and Energy Charter Protocol on Energy Efficiency and Related Environmental Aspects." International Legal Materials 34, no. 2 (March 1995): 360–454. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020782900013759.

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Attfield, Robin. "Beyond the Earth Charter." Environmental Ethics 29, no. 4 (2007): 359–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/enviroethics200729439.

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Jay, Xanthe. "A charter for the environment." Science of The Total Environment 106, no. 1-2 (July 1991): 175–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(91)90031-9.

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Asvall, J. E. "European Charter on Environment and Health." Archives of Environmental Health: An International Journal 45, no. 4 (August 1990): 199–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00039896.1990.9940802.

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Edet, Emmanuel. "Children and The Citizens Charter." Journal of the Royal Society of Health 112, no. 4 (August 1992): 177–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/146642409211200406.

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Bourg, Dominique, and Kerry H. Whiteside. "France's Charter for the Environment: Of Presidents, Principles and Environmental Protection." Modern & Contemporary France 15, no. 2 (May 2007): 117–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09639480701299921.

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Humblet, Florence, and Kabir Duggal. "If You Are Not Part of the Solution, You Are the Problem: Article 37 of the EU Charter as a Defence for Climate Change and Environmental Measures in Investor-State Arbitrations – Joint 2nd Prize Winner Essay competition 2020." European Investment Law and Arbitration Review Online 5, no. 1 (December 11, 2020): 265–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24689017_011.

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Climate change is severely impacting the survival of humankind on earth. In the European Union (EU), the Charter of Fundamental Rights (EU Charter) codifies environmental protection as part of the EU’s corpus of fundamental rights protection and states that “a high level of environmental protection and the improvement of the quality of the environment must be integrated into the policies of the EU and ensured in accordance with the principle of sustainable development”. By virtue of this article, the EU has elevated environmental protection to the level of constitutionality. Environmental concerns have played a critical role in investor-state arbitration. This article submits that Article 37 of the EU Charter might be a viable defence for Member States of the EU (Member States) that adopt climate change and environmental measures. Such defence would not consist of a jurisdictional challenge based on the Achmea decision but of a defence based on the applicable law which protects the notion of sustainable investment enshrined in the applicable international investment agreement. Article 37 of the EU Charter could, therefore, operate a powerful tool to foster environmental protection in investor-state disputes and, therefore, address one of the most widespread complaints in the backlash against investor-state arbitration.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Environmental charter"

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Hodgkinson, Todd Michael. "Translating sustainability: the design of a secondary charter school." Diss., University of Iowa, 2011. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2714.

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Although numerous efforts have been made to enact the concept of sustainability in schools around the world, a single, replicable model of sustainability education fails to exist. Without a replicable model to follow or adapt, educators looking to enact the concept of sustainability are left to their own devices for deciding what this orientation towards schooling might look like within the contexts of their communities and with respect tot eh normative agenda of schooling in their country. Such a process is challenging. It calls for--among other things--an examination of the core attitudes, beliefs, skills and behaviors that individuals are expected to possess as members of a sustainable society. This descriptive case study documents how the founding members of a secondary charter school worked together with students, parents and members of the local and regional community to create a school-wide model of sustainability education. It also documents the complexities involved with enacting sustainability in a charter school setting. Field observations, document analysis and participant interviews were the primary sources of data collected in this ten-month case study. Michael Fullan's (2007) Change Process Model and Elliot Eisner's (1992) conceptualization of schools as dynamic ecologies were used as theoretical frameworks for study design, data collection and analysis. Findings reveal how the founding members of this charter schools took an adaptive-emergent approach to designing sustainability education. Findings also reveal how the opening of this charter schools was met with resistance and how this resistance led the founders to make theoretical and structural compromises.
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Cummins, Rhonda D. "Study to define demographics, economics, and environmental awareness of charter anglers in Galveston, Texas." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2783.

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Williams, Steven A. "Trash Talk| Understanding Food Waste at a Charter Elementary School in Florida." Thesis, University of South Florida, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1586126.

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Waste as a topic for anthropological investigation has enjoyed a recent resurgence in interest, mirroring burgeoning discussion among policy-makers and the general public about questions of environmental impacts, economic costs, and social detriments of contemporary waste management paradigms. While waste management in the United States has largely focused on technical and organizational solutions typically considered the domain of environmental planning and engineering (such as source reduction, recycling, and reuse), anthropology and the social sciences have become more prominently involved in efforts to inform policy-makers and researchers about the social and behavioral factors influencing waste norms and habits, particularly in educational institutions and municipal governments.

The central questions to this research were as follows: (1) What are some of the perceptions and practices concerning food waste at an environmental charter elementary school in Florida? (2) What do self-reported data on food waste behaviors suggest about disposal habits and norms? (3) What is the extent to which food is discarded relative to other types of refuse? and (4) From the perspectives of school staff and students, what are some of the factors influencing food waste?

To answer these questions, I employed both "garbological" and ethnographic methods at an environmental charter school, Learning Gate Community School, over a period of nine months, including (1) participant observation, (2) garbological audits of the cafeteria waste stream, (3) key informant interviews with students and staff, and (4) log sheets sent home to a random sample of parents to gauge the fraction of leftovers taken home that are ultimately discarded in order to gain a more holistic understanding of the waste stream of the school cafeteria.

The results of this project support the following conclusions: (1) students at Learning Gate tend to agree that food waste is a detriment, but these concerns are subordinate to factors such as the degree of hunger at lunchtime and the perceived palatability of certain food items and (2) lunch periods are an important block of unstructured time, which Learning Gate students use for a far broader variety of activities than merely nourishment

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Asadi, Mehrnoosh. "Evaluating the Economic Impact of Recreational Charter Fishing in Florida Using Hedonic Price and Economic Impact Analysis." FIU Digital Commons, 2016. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2547.

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Florida is the “Fishing Capital of the World”. With 3.1 million recreational anglers and total recreational fishing-related expenditures of $5 billion in 2011, Florida ranked first in the nation. Given the large benefits of recreational fishing in Florida, assessing the preferences of anglers is critical for sustaining the substantial benefits obtained from recreational fishing in Florida. The objective of this study is to estimate the value of fishing attributes using data on recreational fishing services offered by guides and outfitters. Hedonic price models are applied to estimate the implicit prices of fishing trip attributes and features. The estimated total economic impacts suggest that recreational fishing activities have added $151.19 million value to the economy of Florida and generated $69.73 million in total output. The results can be used by state and national policymakers for future policy design and management of this unique ecosystem service to ensure a sustainable economy.
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Dyaphu, Zamikhaya William. "The role of BEE in transforming the petroleum industry in South Africa : progress made since the signing of the industry charter on empowerment." Thesis, Unisa, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/150.

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Ebobrah, Solomon Tamarabrakemi. "Towards effective realisation of the right to a satisfactory environment in the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights: a case for domestic horizontal application." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/1210.

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"Although the African Commission recognised that non-state actors (in this case the transnational corporations (TNCs)) contributed to the violations that prompted the SERAC communication, it failed to hold the TNCs accountable for the violations. The Commission rather held the state party responsible [for] failing to prevent the violations in its territory. The reason for the failure of the Commission to hold the non-state actor accountable is obvious. As Anderson has noted, 'conventional jurisprudence contends that human rights are enforceable only against the acts of omissions of the state rather than the acts of private entities'. Consequently, especially in international fora, violations by non-state actors have gone largely unaccoutned for. Hence, commentators have argued in favour of seeking an appropriate regime for holding non-state actors accountable for such violations, some arguing for horizontal application at international fora. However, non-state actors lack the status to allow Charter institutions exercise jurisdiction over them. This leaves the option of domestic systems as fora for their accountability. Thus, the emerging principle of horizontal applicability of human rights in domestic jurisdictions and the assumption of independent judiciaries provide the premises for this study. ... Chapter 1 contains a general overview of the study. In Chapter 2, the essay examines the scope and content of the right to a satisfactory environment as contained in the African Charter. Chapter 3 examines the existing framework for the realisation of the right to a satisfactory environment under the African Charter. The SERAC case is considered briefly in this chapter as an example of the difficulty to arrest non-state actor violations in the existing framework. Chapter 4 presents the case for horizontal application of article 24 of the African Charter at the domestic level as a complimentary approach to realisation of the right. The debate on horizontal applicability of human rights is highlighted to show that it is not yet widely accepted but it is presented as a basis for this option. The recent Nigerian case of Gbemre v SPDC is examined as an example of the possibility of horizontal applicaton of the article 24 right in a domestic tribunal. Chapter 5 summarises the conclusions from the study and makes recommendations in support of applying the African Charter based right horizontally in domestic courts." -- Introduction.
Mini Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2006.
http://www.chr.up.ac.za/academic_pro/llm1/dissertations.html
Centre for Human Rights
Centre for Human Rights
LLM
LLM
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DIAS, Karla Ferreira. "Abordagem ambiental nos livros didáticos de química aprovados pelo pnlem/2007: princípios da carta de belgrado." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2012. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/562.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:00:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Karla F Dias.pdf: 1911620 bytes, checksum: a19f9298c2545d1982905f9457d1527f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-05
This research had as objectives to describe and analyze the environmental approach in chemistry textbooks approved by the National Program of Textbook for high school (PNLEM/2007). This investigation is about a content analysis performed with the aid of three categories created based on the fundamental principles of environmental education as expressed in the Belgrade Charter (1977). Before the proposed by the reference document, the research sought to identify some elements related to environmental education, such as: treatment of social, political, economic, cultural and scientific environmental issues. The results showed that all books reviewed presented the environmental theme through different approaches. The readings, together with data organization, have enabled the creation of a thematic map and a descriptive framework that listed the themes found in each Textbook, as well as its distribution in different chemical content. The analysis identified some aspects, constructed with elements of the Charter Belgrade, within the categories scientific knowledge, knowledge/awareness and participation. In the first category were identified and analyzed aspects concerning the relationship of the content with the environment, the limitation of science face to the environmental challenges, the importance given by Textbook to the scientific knowledge for environmental understanding, the importance of knowledge and technology in the service of human needs. In the second one, knowledge/awareness, the analysis identified social, behavioral, economic and political aspects of the environmental issues. In the Participation category, aspects about the development of sense of responsibility and evaluation capacity were identified, in addition to raising awareness. The survey concluded that some environmental issues are treated in a decontextualized way by shredding the dimension of environmental problems which can reduce the complexity of the relationships between humanity and nature. Although not all books embrace all the principles of Belgrade Charter and even though there is an overestimation of the value of scientific knowledge to the detriment of other determinants for current ecological condition, it is concluded in this survey that the chemistry textbooks can contribute to achieve environmental education in Brazilian schools emphasizing the need for studies about the relationship between the triad components "scientific contents, teacher training and textbook" as one of the relevant aspects to effective consolidation of environmental education in the formal education.
Esta pesquisa teve como objetivos descrever e analisar a abordagem ambiental nos livros didáticos de Química aprovados pelo Programa Nacional do Livro Didático para o Ensino Médio (PNLEM/2007). Trata-se de uma análise de conteúdo realizada com o auxílio de três categorias criadas com base nos princípios fundamentadores da Educação Ambiental expressos na Carta de Belgrado (1977). Diante do proposto pelo documento de referência, a investigação buscou identificar alguns elementos inerentes à Educação Ambiental, tais como: tratamento dos aspectos sociais, políticos, econômicos, culturais e científicos das questões ambientais. Os resultados mostraram que todos os livros analisados apresentam a temática ambiental por meio de diferentes abordagens. As leituras e releituras, juntamente com a organização dos dados, possibilitaram a criação de um mapa temático e um quadro descritivo que elencaram os temas encontrados em cada LD, bem como sua distribuição nos diferentes conteúdos químicos. A análise identificou alguns aspectos, construídos por elementos da Carta de Belgrado, que percorreram as categorias Conhecimento Científico, Conhecimento/Conscientização e Participação. Na primeira categoria foram identificados e analisados aspectos referentes à relação do conteúdo químico com o ambiente, à limitação da Ciência frentes aos desafios ambientais, à importância dada pelos LD ao conhecimento científico para a compreensão ambiental, à importância do conhecimento e da técnica no atendimento das necessidades humanas. Na segunda categoria, Conhecimento/conscientização, a análise identificou aspectos sociais, comportamentais, econômicos e políticos da problemática ambiental. Na categoria Participação, identificaram-se aspectos sobre o desenvolvimento do senso de responsabilidade e da capacidade de avaliação, além da sensibilização. A pesquisa concluiu que alguns temas ambientais são tratados de forma descontextualizada fragmentando a dimensão dos problemas ambientais que podem reduzir a complexidade das relações entre a humanidade e a natureza. Apesar de nem todos os livros contemplarem todos os princípios da Carta de Belgrado e da supervalorização do Conhecimento científico em detrimento de outros determinantes para a condição ecológica atual, conclui-se nessa pesquisa que os livros didáticos de Química podem contribuir para a realização da Educação Ambiental nas escolas brasileiras ressaltando a necessidade de estudos sobre a relação entre os componentes da tríade conteúdos científicos, formação de professores e livro didático como um dos aspectos relevantes para uma efetiva consolidação da Educação Ambiental no ensino formal
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Cowell, J. R. "Character recognition in unconstrained environments." Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.277696.

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Rydberg, Tobias. "Smart and flexible capacitor charger for warm environments." Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-187675.

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A studio camera flash system being developed by Eascal AB needs a capacitor charging power supply (CCPS) that can work in a hot environment without problems and also not emit too much heat itself. The CCPS needs to be able to operate from battery power as well as net power, so called off-line, and to charge a capacitor to between 0-400 V. Most power supplies do not act upon a rise in temperature until it overheats and shuts down or goes into fail-safe mode where they stop delivering power. The aim of this thesis is to investigate how a smart power supply which features a micro-controller can change the behaviour of the unit or the user so that heat emission is reduced if needed in order to avoid overheating. The unit will be allowed to deliver less power in this mode. Starting the project was the information gathering phase where a lot of different kinds of power supply topologies were investigated and evaluated to find the most suitable. A flyback converter was chosen for the battery driven charger and a non-inverting buck-boost converter was chosen for off-line supply. Following the final choice of topology, simulations were made to ensure that the power supply of choice would live up to the expectations and to specify the ingoing components. After the simulations were to satisfaction the prototypes were built to verify the simulations, for testing and evaluating proposed techniques for regulating the heat emission of the unit. The sought after performance of the prototypes was never reached due to lack of time and a need for better components that was not available. However the simulations showed that the wanted performance was within reach and this was verified by the worse performing prototypes living up to their simulated counterparts. No actual physical work was done with the heat control, this was conducted by theoretical reasoning and calculations. Results showed that with a micro-controller the suggested chargers would be able to regulate their heat emission by making changes to the charging profile or increase dead-time between charge cycles.
En kamerablixt för studiobruk är under utveckling av Eascal AB och behöver en kondensator-laddare som kan jobba i varma miljöer utan att överhettas eller att själv avge för mycket värme. Laddaren måste kunna drivas från nätspänning såväl som från ett batteri med en spänning som specificeras under projektet och måste kunna ladda en kondensator till mellan 0 och 400V. De flesta laddare som finns idag agerar inte på en ökning av temperaturen innan enheten överhettas och stänger ner sig eller hamnar i ett felsäkert läge där den slutar leverera ström. Målet med detta projekt är att undersöka hur man med hjälp av en mikro-kontroller kan undvika detta läge genom att förändra sitt eller användarens beteende för att minska värmeutvecklingen. Enheten tillåts leverera mindre effekt i detta tillstånd. Projektet startades med att söka information om vilka olika typer av laddare som finns och på vilket sätt de används. En flyback-converter valdes för att ladda från batteri och en icke-inverterande buck-boost converter valdes för laddning från elnätet. Efter det slutgiltiga valet av topologi gjordes simuleringar för att säkerställa att den valda topologin kunde uppfylla kraven som ställdes på den eftersökta laddaren. När simuleringarna visat på ett acceptabelt resultat byggdes prototyper för att verifiera simuleringarna och att göra tester på för att kunna utvärdera strategier för värmereglering. Prototyper levde aldrig upp till kraven som hade ställts på dem på grund av tidsbrist och ett behov för bättre komponenter än som fanns tillgängliga. Däremot så visade simuleringarna på att det eftersökte resultatet är inom räckhåll med de föreslagna topologierna med rätt komponenter. Detta visades genom att prototyperna presterade jämförelsebart med simuleringar efter deras förmågor. Ingen fysiskt arbete gjordes med temperaturkontrollering men mätningar och formler visar på att med hjälp av mikro-kontroller kan de föreslagna laddarna reglera sin värmeutveckling genom att ändra på laddningsprofilen. Detta blir på bekostnad av laddningstiden eller hur ofta laddningscyklerna kan repeteras.
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Ward, Stephen. "The politics of environmental agendas : the case of UK local authorities." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.261618.

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Books on the topic "Environmental charter"

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Northamptonshire. Environmental Charter. Northamptonshire: Northamptonshire County Council, 1991.

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plc, Yorkshire Water. Environmental charter. Leeds: Yorkshire Water, 1995.

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Council, Northamptonshire County. Environmental Charter Action Plan. Northamptonshire: Northamptonshire County Council, 1997.

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Robins, Nick. A European environment charter. London: Fabian Society, 1991.

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Council, Northamptonshire County. Northamptonshire County Council's Environmental Charter Monitoring Report. Northamptonshire: Northamptonshire County Council, 1998.

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McLaren, Duncan. The Environmental Charter: For local government : practical recommendations. London: Friends of the Earth, 1989.

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Environment and health: The European Charter and commentary. Copenhagen: World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe, 1990.

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Canada. Dept. of External Affairs. Environment: Foundation Charter of the Regional Environmental Center for Central and Eastern Europe. S.l: s.n, 1991.

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Branch, Labour Party (Great Britain) Littlehampton. Meeting Arun's environmental challenge: A charter for ecologiclly sound local government. Littlehampton: Littlehampton Labour Party, 1990.

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The Earth Charter: A framework for global governance. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: KIT Publishers, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Environmental charter"

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Haward, Marcus. "Ocean Plastics Charter." In Essential Concepts of Global Environmental Governance, 171–72. Second edition. | Abingdon, Oxon; New York: Routledge, 2021.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780367816681-70.

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Lombardo, Marco. "The Charter of Fundamental Rights and the Environmental Policy Integration Principle." In The EU Charter of Fundamental Rights, 217–40. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0156-4_12.

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Oberthür, Sebastian. "The EU in international environmental regimes and the Energy Charter Treaty." In Climate Change and European Leadership, 83–105. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1049-7_6.

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Field, Barry C. "Pollution charges." In Absolute Essentials of Environmental Economics, 69–78. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003143635-8.

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Kumar, Ritu. "Pollution Charges and Marketable Permits." In Environmental Infrastructure Management, 95–123. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8841-6_4.

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Mousas, Christos, and Christos-Nikolaos Anagnostopoulos. "Character Animation Scripting Environment." In Encyclopedia of Computer Graphics and Games, 1–12. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08234-9_43-1.

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Shome, Parthasarathi. "Environment Taxes and User Charges." In Taxation History, Theory, Law and Administration, 243–57. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68214-9_22.

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Wu, Jing, and I.-Shin Chang. "Emissions Charges System and Environmental Protection Tax System." In Environmental Management in China, 69–84. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4894-9_6.

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Leśnowolska, Ewa. "Towards Employee-Friendly Work Environment, Diversity Charter in Poland." In CSR, Sustainability, Ethics & Governance, 135–43. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43564-0_8.

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Mernier, André. "The Possible Role of the Energy Charter in Advancing Energy for Development in Africa." In Environment & Policy, 57–62. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4162-1_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Environmental charter"

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Kuhn, A. "European Telecommunications Environmental Charter." In 21st International Telecommunications Energy Conference. INTELEC '99 (Cat. No.99CH37007). IEEE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/intlec.1999.794055.

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Rye, Henrik, Tone Karin Frost, May Kristin Ditlevsen, and Stein-Erik B. Sorstrom. "The "Dream Charter" Project. Towards a Unified Approach for Evaluation and Reduction of Potential Environmental Impact Caused by Regular Discharges to Sea." In European HSE Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/164966-ms.

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Stevens, Gary L., Howard J. Rathbun, and Timothy D. Gilman. "Investigation of Differences in the Finite Element Solution of a Sample Fatigue Cumulative Usage Factor Calculation Problem." In ASME 2011 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2011-57651.

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In November 2009, the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) assembled an Advisory Panel on Environmental Fatigue, consisting of various industry and vendor participants, whose charter is to provide insight and recommendations to EPRI (including the Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) Materials Reliability Program (MRP), the Boiling Water Reactor Vessel and Internals Project (BWRVIP), and the Advanced Nuclear Technology (ANT) organizations) on conducting additional work and providing guidance associated with environmental fatigue. The goal of the panel is to identify areas in environmentally assisted fatigue (EAF) formulations, or application of the EAF formulations, contained in regulations and the ASME Code that may cause application difficulties, to determine where new research efforts are necessary to provide guidance or alternatives to application of these formulations, and to investigate industry design problems with a goal of identifying solutions to obtain near- and long-term relief. The Advisory Panel consists of various industry and vendor participants that have been engaged in the environmental fatigue topic over the past several years. As a part of the activities investigated by the Expert Panel, in 2010, a sample problem was defined for use in testing the application of proposed ASME Code Cases for evaluation of EAF using the EAF multiplier (Fen) correction factor methodology. The sample problem was provided to multiple industry organizations and regulators to be solved so that differences in approaches and methods applied to the sample problem could be identified and understood. The intent of this effort was to refine the Fen methodology to clarify issues that have been previously identified and its practical application to typical industry fatigue evaluation problems. NRC staff elected to participate in solving the sample problem and comparing solutions generated by the other participating organizations in order to more fully understand the issues with fatigue calculation methodologies, as well as to provide input and develop consensus on the evaluation approaches. The sample problem represents a simplified form of a traditional reactor pressure vessel-type evaluation for transient thermal stress analysis and fatigue cumulative usage factor (CUF) calculation of a representative piping component evaluated in accordance with ASME Code, Section III, Subarticle NB-3200 methods. This paper describes detailed investigation of differences between two solutions to the Expert Panel sample problem. This investigation involves comparisons of results from the initial finite element solution for thermal and pressure stresses (using different finite element software packages), to the calculation of CUF (both with and without EAF effects). Observations regarding differences in results and the reasons for those differences are identified and discussed. Recommendations for eliminating these differences are also made.
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Danila, Vaidotas, and Saulius Vasarevičius. "Theoretical Evaluation of Heavy Metals Migration and Sorption in Soil." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.015.

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Heavy metals are one of the group of toxic pollutants in the soil. Over the past years, many researches have been conducted on the migration of heavy metals in soils and various models were developed in order to study the mobility of toxic heavy metals. The convection-dispersion equation is the most commonly used equation for describing the migration of toxic pollutants in the soil. Various properties of the soil influence the mobility of heavy metals: soil pH, texture, sorption character-istics. Heavy metals not only migrate in the soil, but also interact with mineral and organic soil particles. The mobility of heavy metals in soils is determined by their partitioning between solid and aqueous phases of the soil. The partitioning of heavy metals between these two phases are described by sorption/desorption, precipitation/dissolution, and redox processes. Natural min-eral and organic sorbents present in soils have a strong influence on heavy metals sorption. As these sorbents are usually negatively charged, they attract heavy metals cations through electrostatic force.
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Murakami, Kota, Nobuaki Yabe, Hiroshi Suzuki, Kenichi Takai, Yukito Hagihara, and Yoru Wada. "Substitution of High-Pressure Charge by Electrolysis Charge and Hydrogen Environment Embrittlement Susceptibilities for Inconel 625 and SUS 316L." In ASME 2006 Pressure Vessels and Piping/ICPVT-11 Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2006-icpvt-11-93397.

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Hydrogen-fuel-cell vehicles have been developed and the gaseous pressure in the current major storage tanks of the vehicles varies from 35 to 70 MPa because of the demand for the increase in running distance. Hydrogen refueling stations are required to be resistant to 100 MPa hydrogen gas and the alloys used for such stations are required to have an excellent resistance to hydrogen environment embrittlement (HEE). The purposes of the present study are to substitute the high-pressure gaseous charge of hydrogen by electrolysis charge and to evaluate hydrogen degradation susceptibilities for Inconel 625 and SUS 316L in the environments substituted by electrolysis charge. Electrolysis hydrogen was charged to Inconel 625 and SUS 316L at various electrolysis fugacities and gaseous hydrogen was charged from 0.3 to 45 MPa hydrogen gas at 90°C. Hydrogen states and contents were compared using thermal desorption analysis (TDA). Hydrogen degradation susceptibilities were evaluated using the slow strain rate technique (SSRT) at a constant extension rate of 8.6×10−6 /s at room temperature. The fundamental properties of thermal hydrogen desorption for Inconel 625 and SUS 316L were first analyzed to compare the hydrogen states after hydrogen charge by electrolysis and high pressure. The peak temperatures and profiles of hydrogen desorption do not change with charging temperature. When hydrogen is charged by electrolysis and high pressure until hydrogen saturation at 90°C, the peak temperatures and profiles are the same in both environments. This means that hydrogen diffusion during and hydrogen states after hydrogen absorption are independent of charging method in spite of the differences in adsorption and dissociation reaction on the specimen surfaces. Using Sieverts law, the fugacity of electrolysis can transform into gaseous pressure. This indicates that high-pressure hydrogen environments in pipes or other components at hydrogen refueling stations can be substituted by electrolysis charge. Fracture strain in Inconel 625 decreases as hydrogen content charged by electrolysis increases, whereas that in SUS 316L does not change regardless of the hydrogen content of 161.5 mass ppm. Grain boundary fracture is observed on the surface of Inconel 625 absorbing a hydrogen content of 27.5 mass ppm, which corresponds to 59.2 MPa hydrogen gas at R.T using Sieverts law. In contrast, the fracture surfaces of SUS 316L hydrogen-charged at extremely high fugacities remain ductile dimples. Thus, hydrogen degradation susceptibility is much lower for SUS 316L than for Inconel 625.
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Xu, Dongyan, Deyu Li, Yongsheng Leng, and Yunfei Chen. "Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Water and Ion Profiles Near Charged (100) and (111) Silicon Surfaces." In ASME 2008 First International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat Transfer. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnht2008-52248.

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Fundamental studies in nanofluidics have attracted significant attention in the past decade since the success of nanofluidic devices depends on a thorough understanding of the fluidic, ionic, and molecular behaviors in highly confined nano-environments. In this work, molecular dynamics simulations of the effect of surface charge densities on the ion and water distribution in the near wall region has been performed for both (100) and (111) silicon surfaces. We demonstrate that surface charges not only interact with mobile ions in the electrolyte, but also interact with water molecules due to their polarizability and hence influence the orientation of water molecules close to the charged surface. It is shown that as the surface charge density increases, water molecules within ∼ 5 Å from the (100) silicon surface can evolve from one layer into two layers and meanwhile, the orientation of water molecules is more aligned instead of randomly distributed. However, no extra water layer is observed near a (111) silicon surface even under a surface charge density of as high as −0.2034 C/m2. The above phenomenon may be related to the different surface atom densities of (100) and (111) silicon surfaces.
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Vaiškūnaitė, Rasa. "Using Biofilter Packed with Different Wood Waste Charges for Purification of Air Contaminated with Benzene." In 11th International Conference “Environmental Engineering”. VGTU Technika, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2020.805.

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The main aim of this work was the analysis and assessment of benzene removal from air using bio-filter packed with a mixture of wood waste. The results of this work show that the small scale bio-filter with various coniferous and deciduous wood waste charges is capable of efficiently removing benzene from polluted air stream. The analysis of different mixtures of wood waste charge, while pH value was kept at neutral (pH = 7), determined, that the best wood waste mixture is consisted of 70% coniferous wood (45% pine trees, 25% fir trees), 30% deciduous wood (20% maple, 10% hazel) which was consisted of 10–20 mm fraction particles and had porosity value of 46%. This bio-media was best used for benzene removal from contaminated air stream (E = 93.86–74.78%).
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Xu, Dongyan, Deyu Li, and Yongsheng Leng. "Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Water and Ion Structures Near Charged Surfaces." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-42536.

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Extensive research has been devoted to nanofluidics in the past decade because of its potential applications in single molecule sensing and manipulations. Fundamental studies have attracted significant attention in this research field since the success of nanofluidic devices depends on a thorough understanding of the fluidic, ionic, and molecular behavior in highly confined nano-environments. In this paper, we report on molecular dynamics simulations of the effect of surface charge densities on the ion distribution and the water density profile close to a charged surface. We demonstrate that surface charges not only interact with mobile ions in the electrolyte, but also interact with water molecules due to their polarizability, and hence influence the orientation of water molecules in the near wall region. For the first time, we show that as the surface charge density increases, the water molecules within ∼ 5 Å of the {100} silicon surface will evolve from one layer into two layers. Meanwhile, the orientation of the water molecules is more aligned instead of randomly distributed. This layering effect may have important implications on electroosmotic flow through nanochannels and heat transfer across the solid-liquid interface.
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Davydenko, Nadiia, Svitlana Boiko, Alina Вuriak, and Inna Demianenko. "Development of rural areas through fiscal decentralization." In 22nd International Scientific Conference. “Economic Science for Rural Development 2021”. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2021.55.010.

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The ratification of the European Charter of Local Self-Government and the adoption of the Concept of the Reform of Local Self-Government and the Territorial Organization of Power in Ukraine in April, 2014 laid the groundwork for the approval of fiscal decentralization and the creation of fiscal frameworks for the development of rural areas. One of the defining conditions of fiscal decentralization is the provision of the local government with financial resources in an amount sufficient to perform their tasks for development of rural areas. Therefore, the purpose of the article is to study the peculiarities of rural development of Ukraine in terms of fiscal decentralization, identify the main problems, and present an argument for the directions towards enhancing the positive impact of fiscal decentralization on the social and economic development of rural areas. The methodological basis of the article is general scientific and special methods of research, in particular: economic and statistical; analysis and synthesis; tabular and graphical. The conducted research has made it possible to establish that the implementation of fiscal decentralization has resulted in greater interest of village council in increasing revenues to local budgets by transferring the right to receive more tax revenues and non-tax revenues, finding contingency local budgets, improving the efficiency of tax administration and fees. The study gives grounds for proposing approaches to increase the effectiveness of fiscal decentralization in the context of rural development, including expanding of the list of taxes and fees in budget revenues of united territorial community (e.g. corporate income tax, personal income tax, environmental tax); improving the mechanism for providing local budgets with inter-budget transfers from the State Budget of Ukraine; optimization of budget expenditures under the condition that a guaranteed and affordable level of public services is provided; increasing the accountability of local governments in order to prevent corruption; involvement of the population in active participation in development policy of rural areas.
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Lall, Pradeep, Ved Soni, Amrit Abrol, Ben Leever, and Scott Miller. "Effect of Charge-Discharge Depth and Environment Use Conditions on Flexible Power Sources." In ASME 2019 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2019-6570.

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Abstract Recent surge in demand for wearable technology products such as activity tracking smartwatches, and for medical devices has necessitated development of flexible secondary lithium ion batteries which also possess high capacity, robustness and thin form factors. Oftentimes, these power sources are only charged up to a partial state of charge (SoC) before use (shallow charge). Their usage continues until the SoC reaches almost zero, after which they are recharged again. Nowadays, the ‘fast-charge ‘feature used to charge the battery at higher C-rates, is a necessity in consumer electronics rather than an amenity. Also, in everyday use, these batteries are exposed to higher-than-ambient temperatures due to perpetual human body contact and also to the high temperatures resulting from poor thermal management in compact devices. This study investigates the compounded influence of partial charge, high temperatures and high C-rates on the capacity degradation of a flexible Li-ion power source subjected to accelerated life testing. The battery current and terminal voltage were logged for multiple charge-discharge cycles and were used to compute the battery capacity and energy efficiency. Finally, a regression model based on several parameters was developed to estimate the battery capacity as a function of the cycle number.
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Reports on the topic "Environmental charter"

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Reichenbach, H., K. Behrens, and A. Kuhl. Airblast environments from buried HE charges. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10118533.

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Reichenbach, H., K. Behrens, and A. L. Kuhl. Approximation functions for airblast environments from buried charges. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10141968.

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CORPS OF ENGINEERS WALTHAM MA NEW ENGLAND DIV. Fish Passage Modification, Charles River Dam, Boston, Massachusetts, Feasibility (Section 1135) Report and Environmental Assessment. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada336758.

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Kiel, Johnathan L., Eric A. Holwitt, Veronica K. Sorola, Maomian Fan, Yvette B. Gonzalez, Ishmael I. Rosas, and David F. Vela. Methods for Collecting, Detecting and Identifying Biological Agents in Environmental and Animal Samples (Briefing Charts). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada541244.

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Davisson, M. L., G. B. Hudson, J. Kenneally, G. J. Nimz, and J. H. Rego. Report on the radiochemical and environmental isotope character for monitoring well UE-1-q: Groundwater Characterization Program. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10185596.

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Prysyazhna-Gapchenko, Julia. VOLODYMYR LENYK AS A JOURNALIST AND EDITOR IN THE ENVIRONMENT OF UKRAINIAN EMIGRATION. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.50.11094.

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In this article considered Journalistic and editorial activity of Volodymyr Lenika (14.06.1922–02.11.2005) – one of the leading figures of Ukrainian emigration in Germany. First outlined basic landmarks of his life and creation. Journalistic and editorial activity of Volodymyr Lenik was during to forty years out of Ukraine. In the conditions of emigration politically zaangazhovani Ukrainians counted on temporality of the stay abroad and prepared to transference of the created charts and instituciy on native lands. It was or by not main part of conception of liberation revolution of elaborate OUN under the direction of Stepan Banderi, and successfully incarnated in post-war years. Volodymyr Lenik, executing responsible commissions Organization, proved on a few directions of activity, which were organically combined with his journalistic and editorial work. As an editor he was promotorom of creation and realization of models of magazines «Avangard», «Krylati», «Znannia», «Freie Presse Korespondenz», newspapers «Shliakh peremogy». As a journalist Volodymyr Lenik left ponderable work, considerable part of which entered in two-volume edition «Ukrainians on strange land, or reporting, from long journeys». Subject of him newspaper-magazine publications directed on illumination of school, youth, student, cultural, scientific problems, organization and activity of emigrant structures, political fight of emigration, to dethronement of the antiukrainskikh Moscow diversions and provocations. Such variety of problematic of works of V. Lenika was directed in the river-bed of retaining of revolutionary temperament in the environment of diaspore, to bringing in of it to activity in public and political life. Problematic of him is systematized publicism and journalistic appearances, which was inferior realization of a few important tasks, namely to the fight for Ukrainian independence in new terms, cherishing and maintainance of national identity, counteraction hostile soviet propaganda. On an example headed Volodymyr Lenikom a magazine «Knowledge» some aspects are exposed him editorial trade.
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Was, G. S. The role of grain boundary character in the environmentally-assisted integranular cracking mechanism of nickel-base alloys: Progress report, August 1, 1988--July 31, 1989. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5764797.

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Dalglish, Chris, and Sarah Tarlow, eds. Modern Scotland: Archaeology, the Modern past and the Modern present. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.09.2012.163.

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The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under five key headings:  HUMANITY The Panel recommends recognition that research in this field should be geared towards the development of critical understandings of self and society in the modern world. Archaeological research into the modern past should be ambitious in seeking to contribute to understanding of the major social, economic and environmental developments through which the modern world came into being. Modern-world archaeology can add significantly to knowledge of Scotland’s historical relationships with the rest of the British Isles, Europe and the wider world. Archaeology offers a new perspective on what it has meant to be a modern person and a member of modern society, inhabiting a modern world.  MATERIALITY The Panel recommends approaches to research which focus on the materiality of the recent past (i.e. the character of relationships between people and their material world). Archaeology’s contribution to understandings of the modern world lies in its ability to situate, humanise and contextualise broader historical developments. Archaeological research can provide new insights into the modern past by investigating historical trends not as abstract phenomena but as changes to real lives, affecting different localities in different ways. Archaeology can take a long-term perspective on major modern developments, researching their ‘prehistory’ (which often extends back into the Middle Ages) and their material legacy in the present. Archaeology can humanise and contextualise long-term processes and global connections by working outwards from individual life stories, developing biographies of individual artefacts and buildings and evidencing the reciprocity of people, things, places and landscapes. The modern person and modern social relationships were formed in and through material environments and, to understand modern humanity, it is crucial that we understand humanity’s material relationships in the modern world.  PERSPECTIVE The Panel recommends the development, realisation and promotion of work which takes a critical perspective on the present from a deeper understanding of the recent past. Research into the modern past provides a critical perspective on the present, uncovering the origins of our current ways of life and of relating to each other and to the world around us. It is important that this relevance is acknowledged, understood, developed and mobilised to connect past, present and future. The material approach of archaeology can enhance understanding, challenge assumptions and develop new and alternative histories. Modern Scotland: Archaeology, the Modern past and the Modern present vi Archaeology can evidence varied experience of social, environmental and economic change in the past. It can consider questions of local distinctiveness and global homogeneity in complex and nuanced ways. It can reveal the hidden histories of those whose ways of life diverged from the historical mainstream. Archaeology can challenge simplistic, essentialist understandings of the recent Scottish past, providing insights into the historical character and interaction of Scottish, British and other identities and ideologies.  COLLABORATION The Panel recommends the development of integrated and collaborative research practices. Perhaps above all other periods of the past, the modern past is a field of enquiry where there is great potential benefit in collaboration between different specialist sectors within archaeology, between different disciplines, between Scottish-based researchers and researchers elsewhere in the world and between professionals and the public. The Panel advocates the development of new ways of working involving integrated and collaborative investigation of the modern past. Extending beyond previous modes of inter-disciplinary practice, these new approaches should involve active engagement between different interests developing collaborative responses to common questions and problems.  REFLECTION The Panel recommends that a reflexive approach is taken to the archaeology of the modern past, requiring research into the nature of academic, professional and public engagements with the modern past and the development of new reflexive modes of practice. Archaeology investigates the past but it does so from its position in the present. Research should develop a greater understanding of modern-period archaeology as a scholarly pursuit and social practice in the present. Research should provide insights into the ways in which the modern past is presented and represented in particular contexts. Work is required to better evidence popular understandings of and engagements with the modern past and to understand the politics of the recent past, particularly its material aspect. Research should seek to advance knowledge and understanding of the moral and ethical viewpoints held by professionals and members of the public in relation to the archaeology of the recent past. There is a need to critically review public engagement practices in modern-world archaeology and develop new modes of public-professional collaboration and to generate practices through which archaeology can make positive interventions in the world. And there is a need to embed processes of ethical reflection and beneficial action into archaeological practice relating to the modern past.
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Fullan, Michael, and Joanne Quinn. How Do Disruptive Innovators Prepare Today's Students to Be Tomorrow's Workforce?: Deep Learning: Transforming Systems to Prepare Tomorrow’s Citizens. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002959.

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Disruptive innovators take advantage of unique opportunities. Prior to COVID-19 progress in Latin America and the Caribbean for integrating technology, learning, and system change has been exceedingly slow. In this paper we first offer a general framework for transforming education. The framework focuses on the provision of technology, innovative ideas in learning and well-being, and what we call systemness which are favorable change factors at the local, middle/regional, and policy levels. We then take up the matter of system reform in Latin America and the Caribbean noting problems and potential. Then, we turn to a specific model in system change that we have developed called New Pedagogies for Deep Learning, a model developed in partnerships with groups of schools in ten countries since 2014. The model consists of three main components: 6 Global Competences (character, citizenship, collaboration, communication, creativity, and critical thinking), 4 learning elements (pedagogy, learning partnerships, learning environments, leveraging digital), and three system conditions (school culture, district/regional culture, and system policy). We offer a case study of relative success based on Uruguay with whom we have been working since 2014. Finally, we identify steps and recommendations for next steps in Latin America for taking action on system reform in the next perioda time that we consider critical for taking advantage of the current pandemic disruption. The next few years will be crucial for either attaining positive breakthroughs or slipping backwards into a reinforced status quo.
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Hall, Mark, and Neil Price. Medieval Scotland: A Future for its Past. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.09.2012.165.

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The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under five key headings. Underpinning all five areas is the recognition that human narratives remain crucial for ensuring the widest access to our shared past. There is no wish to see political and economic narratives abandoned but the need is recognised for there to be an expansion to more social narratives to fully explore the potential of the diverse evidence base. The questions that can be asked are here framed in a national context but they need to be supported and improved a) by the development of regional research frameworks, and b) by an enhanced study of Scotland’s international context through time. 1. From North Britain to the Idea of Scotland: Understanding why, where and how ‘Scotland’ emerges provides a focal point of research. Investigating state formation requires work from Medieval Scotland: a future for its past ii a variety of sources, exploring the relationships between centres of consumption - royal, ecclesiastical and urban - and their hinterlands. Working from site-specific work to regional analysis, researchers can explore how what would become ‘Scotland’ came to be, and whence sprang its inspiration. 2. Lifestyles and Living Spaces: Holistic approaches to exploring medieval settlement should be promoted, combining landscape studies with artefactual, environmental, and documentary work. Understanding the role of individual sites within wider local, regional and national settlement systems should be promoted, and chronological frameworks developed to chart the changing nature of Medieval settlement. 3. Mentalities: The holistic understanding of medieval belief (particularly, but not exclusively, in its early medieval or early historic phase) needs to broaden its contextual understanding with reference to prehistoric or inherited belief systems and frames of reference. Collaborative approaches should draw on international parallels and analogues in pursuit of defining and contrasting local or regional belief systems through integrated studies of portable material culture, monumentality and landscape. 4. Empowerment: Revisiting museum collections and renewing the study of newly retrieved artefacts is vital to a broader understanding of the dynamics of writing within society. Text needs to be seen less as a metaphor and more as a technological and social innovation in material culture which will help the understanding of it as an experienced, imaginatively rich reality of life. In archaeological terms, the study of the relatively neglected cultural areas of sensory perception, memory, learning and play needs to be promoted to enrich the understanding of past social behaviours. 5. Parameters: Multi-disciplinary, collaborative, and cross-sector approaches should be encouraged in order to release the research potential of all sectors of archaeology. Creative solutions should be sought to the challenges of transmitting the importance of archaeological work and conserving the resource for current and future research.
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