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Academic literature on the topic 'Environmental auditing Australia Evaluation'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Environmental auditing Australia Evaluation"

1

Turner, G. W., and R. M. C. Ruffio. "Environmental Auditing for Nonpoint Source Pollution Control in a Region of New South Wales (Australia)." Water Science and Technology 28, no. 3-5 (August 1, 1993): 301–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1993.0431.

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The concept of environmental auditing of point source pollution has been adapted to nonpoint source pollution in rural lands. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and other information technologies provide an effective environmental management tool for characterising nonpoint source (NPS) pollution in a regional context and thereby can assist the environmental auditing process. Nonpoint source pollution problems of rural watersheds in Australia, particularly those in the state of New South Wales, and the role of the state's environment protection agency are outlined. A case study that applies an auditing methodology using GIS in a study area within the Lachlan River catchment is presented. The suitability of the approach for land condition evaluation and the review of land use controls for nonpoint source pollution is discussed.
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Carlsen, Jack. "Economic Evaluation of Recreation and Tourism in Natural Areas: A Case Study in New South Wales, Australia." Tourism Economics 3, no. 3 (September 1997): 227–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/135481669700300302.

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Provision of information for the purposes of evaluating and monitoring recreation and tourism land use is a conceptually difficult task for economists and land managers. A range of techniques has been developed since the pioneering work of Clawson and Knetsch in the 1960s to estimate the market value of recreation and tourism in natural areas. These techniques involve a number of conceptual and practical difficulties when used for environmental auditing and evaluation purposes. This article outlines the process of evaluating recreation and tourism on public lands in order to provide information for an environmental audit of the Upper North East region of New South Wales. The range of market and non-market values associated with tourism and recreation on public lands is based on existing studies of the region. The values of commercial production, recreation and tourism on public lands are compared within a structural model (input–output) of the regional economy.
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Zutshi, Ambika, and Amrik S. Sohal. "Environmental management systems auditing: auditors experiences in Australia." International Journal of Environment and Sustainable Development 1, no. 1 (2002): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijesd.2002.000719.

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Bailey, John, Valerie Hobbs, and Angus Saunders. "Environmental auditing: Artificial waterway developments in Western Australia." Journal of Environmental Management 34, no. 1 (January 1992): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0301-4797(05)80106-9.

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Buckley, Ralf. "Auditing the precision and accuracy of environmental impact predictions in Australia." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 18, no. 1 (July 1991): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00394475.

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6

Deegan, C. M. "ENVIRONMENTAL REPORTING IN AUSTRALIA: THE PAST, THE PRESENT ANDTHE FUTURE." APPEA Journal 40, no. 1 (2000): 617. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj99041.

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This paper provides an overview of Australian environmental reporting. Specifically, the topics to be considered include: a brief consideration of trends in environmental reporting together with an overview of industry initiatives to encourage environmental reporting; an overview of regulation pertaining to environmental reporting; an overview of trends towards the practice of sustainable development reporting with particular reference to triple bottom line reporting; an examination of social accounting and social auditing; an investigation of the linkage between social and environmental reporting and financial accounting; and, projections about the future of social and environmental reporting.
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Shafie, Farah Ayuni, Dasimah Omar, and Subramaniam Karuppanan. "Environmental Risk Evaluation of a Sanitary Landfill using Life Cycle Analysis Approach." Asian Journal of Environment-Behaviour Studies 3, no. 8 (May 22, 2018): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/aje-bs.v3i8.282.

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An Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) auditing was carried out at a sanitary landfill in Kuala Langat, Selangor, Malaysia. It was conducted to assess the environmental and health impact of the landfill. The study also includes an environmental risk index and life cycle analysis (LCA) approach to evaluate the facility. The auditing arrives with a conclusion that this facility might pose a hazard to the environment and health if no adequate control measures are taken consistently. Environmental auditing and LCA simulation could become an essential tool in the monitoring of urban planning and development. Keywords: urban planning, environmental health impacts, environmental management eISSN 2514-751X © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. https://doi.org/10.21834/aje-bs.v3i8.282
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8

Schlafrig, J., J. Sturman, G. Ho, and K. Mathew. "Water auditing: the case for statutory requirements." Water Supply 8, no. 6 (December 1, 2008): 597–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2008.112.

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Drought across swathes of Australia, highlights our need for water conservation in addition to seeking new sources of water (demand and supply-side resource options). Water conservation or efficiency improvement is currently a non-systematic process along the lines of ‘if we do such and such then we will save so much water’. Such an approach is ad-hoc and only has the appearance of being ‘quantitative’. We would class it as qualitative, or maybe advanced qualitative water conservation. True quantitative or structured water auditing of non-domestic water consumption is an iterative, systematic and documented process of obtaining reliable use data, validated by a closure approach. Opportunities are identified for water use reduction, water reuse, recycling and for water resource substitution. Financial assessment of savings in cost against cost of measures will provide a payback period. A water management strategy or Water Management Plan (WMP) as it is known in Victoria, Australia, is devised which is consistent with legal requirements, the enterprise's environmental policy and its movement towards sustainable development. Regulators have legislated for mandatory WMPs and audits in Victoria, but this is the only state so far to do this. Mandatory water auditing should be an uncontested choice as it can only provide a win:win situation regulation to the private sector. We argue that only the systematic process provided by structural water auditing constitutes quantitative water conservation. Further, statutory obligation for water users to engage in the water auditing process will give the broad, systematic quantitative information, and based upon which optimal water management strategies or WMPs can be devised. This will ensure a rational approach to our future water needs and the needs of our environment. It is anticipated that voluntary auditing in the arenas not mandated will increase in the long term if this is done.
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9

Read, J. L. "ENVIRONMENTAL AUDITING: Which Birds Are Useful Bioindicators of Mining and Grazing Impacts in Arid South Australia?" Environmental Management 26, no. 2 (August 1, 2000): 215–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002670010083.

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Easa, Said M., Yasser Hassan, and Dennis Siczkar. "An approach for auditing highway sections for safety improvements." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 26, no. 6 (December 1, 1999): 724–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l99-034.

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The objective of this paper is to present a framework for the evaluation of traffic safety improvements on rural highways based on the existing process of the Ministry of Transportation of Ontario (MTO). The framework includes four steps to identify hazardous locations and determine the most feasible improvements. The framework was applied to a 2.2 km segment on Highway 17 (Ontario, Canada) to illustrate how the framework might be implemented in practice. The first step is defining the highway section to be studied. This section is usually a segment that was constructed in the same contract, and its surface conditions require major maintenance. The evaluation of traffic safety on sections that are undergoing major pavement rehabilitation will reduce the overall cost of road maintenance. The second step is to collect and analyze collision data, along with traffic and geometric data. The purpose of this step is to compare the actual number of collisions on the section with the expected long-run mean value and identify the causes of collisions. Based on this analysis, the third step identifies the possible improvements that would eliminate or minimize the number of collisions. These improvements can be as simple as signing improvement or as complex as a major realignment. Finally, these improvements are evaluated economically and environmentally. For this study, several sections of the Ministry of Transportation of Ontario, other ministries and levels of government, and interest groups participated in the evaluation process. A refined MTO process, currently being considered for implementation, is briefly described along with a discussion of its key features.Key words: evaluation, highway improvements, safety, three-dimensional alignments, sight distance, collision frequency.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Environmental auditing Australia Evaluation"

1

Rowe, Karina Janece. "A framework for environmental education in South Australian secondary schools : the missing ingredient." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09envr878.pdf.

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Bibliography: leaves 84-86. Shows how environmental education could be incorporated within the current South Australian secondary school structures and critically evaluates current programs. Investigates a different frame work (International Baccalaureate Middle Years Program), as a means for overcoming some of the limitations for environmental education presented by the current DETE framework; and, student perceptions of what makes a successful environmental education program.
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Menon, Desmond D. "An Evaluation of exposures to respirable particulates, environmental PM2.5, PAHs and metal compounds in Western Australia." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2016. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1913.

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It has been well established that air pollution is associated with health impacts. This study investigated the relationship between exposure to air pollutants and potential biomarkers of health effects. The research project was conducted in 2 separate study locations and cohorts. Study 1: An Evaluation of Children’s Exposures to Respirable Particulates, Environmental PM2.5, PAHs and Metal Compounds in The South West of Western Australia. A cross sectional study to evaluate the exposures of children (n=18), and controls (n=15) to respirable particulates PAHs and metal compounds in the South West of Australia during 2011. Ambient particulate matter (PM2.5) samples were found to be significantly higher in Collie as compared to Dalyellup. However, personal PM2.5 concentrations between locations were not significantly different and both PAH and heavy metals were below the levels of detection. Urinary levels of 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHpy) were below the level of detection. Copper, selenium and nickel were present in urine samples and these were not significantly different between locations, nor was there any correlation with residential areas within study locations. Urinary nickel concentrations were higher than expected for nonoccupational cohorts and although statistically insignificant, mean values of urinary nickel were highest for homes using gas as a fuel source. These data endorse current views that the reconstruction of PM2.5 exposures and related respiratory health effects based simply on the mass of airborne particulate matter alone is not sufficient in providing an insight to the respiratory health of susceptible subgroups such as children. The presence of certain urinary heavy metals suggests possible accumulation in participants via alternative routes of entry, probably a dietary source. Studies that rely purely on data accrued from ambient PM2.5 mass, and/or general health data might not detect or underestimate significant relationships between certain components of PM2.5. Study 2: Urinary levels of malondialdehyde and 8-deoxyguanosine as biomarkers of oxidative DNA damage induced by exposure to nickel and cobalt in metal refinery workers. Metal mining and refinery workers in Australia have the potential to be occupationally exposed to quantities of heavy metals that may be associated with health impacts affecting major organ and immune systems. Current regulatory and internal company policies and guidelines require regular monitoring of occupational exposures of employees through a combination of air borne sampling as well as biological monitoring for heavy metals. Toxic levels of heavy metals accumulated in the body have been shown to elicit inflammatory responses linked to exacerbated health effects impacting the respiratory, cardiovascular and nervous systems. There are many studies that have established a significant link between heavy metal exposure and increased oxidative stress. In light of these observations, this study investigated urinary levels of nickel (Ni) and cobalt (Co) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-hydroxy-2’deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) which are oxidative stress markers indicative of cellular and DNA damage. A positive correlation between urinary Ni and Co exposure and oxidative stress markers among refinery workers was established. This finding has implications for occupational health management as individual responses to exposures can now be identified. In addition to implementing a global mean air borne exposure standard, individual variation and sensitivity can be accommodated through the use of urinary oxidative stress markers
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Purnama, Dadang. "The evaluation of transboundary environmental impact assessment : a case study of the Timor Gap." xi, 103 leaves : ill., map, 1999. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09envp9849.pdf.

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Bibiography: leaves 91-96. The Timor Gap area is managed jointly by Australia and Indonesia through the Treaty of Timor Gap (1989). The Zone of Cooperation area A 's main activity is oil exploration and exploitation. The main concern of the research is the provisions for environmental protection and the procedure of environmental impact assessment in the Treaty.
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Tucker, David Ian. "The assessment of ecological condition in south-east Queensland, Australia: An evaluation of reliability across variable environments and surrogate efficacy for biodiversity values." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2016. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/94285/1/David_Tucker_Thesis.pdf.

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Multimetric ecological condition assessment has become an important biodiversity management tool. This study was the first to examine the reliability of these ecological surrogates across variable environments, and the implications for surrogate efficacy. It was demonstrated that through strategic application and design of the multimetric ecological condition index, the effects of environmental gradients and disturbance regimes can be mitigated, and that ecological condition assessment may serve as a scientifically rigorous approach for conservation planning.
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Stoll, J. A. E. "Mining in national parks : a case study : an integrated environmental evaluation of possible magnesite mining in Weetootla Gorge within the Gammon Ranges National Park, South Australia /." Title page, abstract and contents only, 1989. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09envs875.pdf.

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Dean, Timothy J. Physical Environmental &amp Mathematical Sciences Australian Defence Force Academy UNSW. "Development and evaluation of automated radar systems for monitoring and characterising echoes from insect targets." Awarded by:University of New South Wales - Australian Defence Force Academy. School of Physical, Environmental and Mathematical Sciences, 2007. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38667.

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This thesis describes the construction of a mobile Insect Monitoring Radars (IMR) and investigations of: the reliability of IMRs for observing insect migration in inland Australia; possible biases in IMR migration estimates; the relation between an insect???s size and its radar properties; radar discrimination between insect species; the effect of weather on the migrations of Australian plague locusts and of moths; the scale of these migrations; and here IMRs are best located. The principles of entomological radar design, and the main features of insect migration in inland Australia, are reviewed. The main procedures used in the study are: calculation of radar performance and of insect radar cross sections (RCSs); reanalysis of a laboratory RCS dataset; statistical analysis of a fouryear dataset of IMR and weather observations; and a field campaign using both two existing fixed IMRs and the new mobile unit. Statistical techniques used include correlation, multiple regression, discriminant analysis, and principal components analysis. The original results of this work include design details of the mobile IMR, extension of radar performance calculations to IMRs and evaluation of flight speed biases, a holistic approach to IMR design, the relation of insect RCS magnitudes and polarization patterns to morphological variables, an estimate of the accuracy of the retrieved parameters, evaluations of three approaches (oneparameter, theory-based, and a novel two-stage method) to target identification, and verification of inferred target identities using results from nearby light traps. Possible sites for future IMRs are identified. The major conclusions are that: a mobile IMR can be built with a performance equal to that of a fixed IMR but at half the cost; significant biases in the signal processing results arise from insect speed; locusts and moths can be distinguished if all RCS parameters are used; IMRs can be designed to match particular requirements; weather has a significant effect on insect migration, the best single predictor of insect numbers being temperature; moonlight has no effect; the spatial correlation of migration properties falls to 50% at a separation of 300 km; and migrating insects can be carried by the wind for 500 km in a single night
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McGrath, Christopher James. "How to evaluate the effectiveness of an environmental legal system." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2007. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16661/1/Christopher_James_Mcgrath_Thesis.pdf.

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The principal research question addressed in this thesis is how the effectiveness of an environmental legal system can best be evaluated. A legal system is effective if it is achieving or likely to achieve its objectives. For an environmental legal system this means achieving sustainable development. The hypothesis tested in relation to this research question is that the pressure-state-response ("PSR") method of State of the Environment ("SoE") Reporting provides the best available framework for evaluating the effectiveness of an environmental legal system. A subsidiary research question addressed in this thesis is whether the environmental legal system protecting the Great Barrier Reef ("GBR") in north-eastern Australia is likely to achieve sustainable development of it. The hypothesis tested in relation to this research question is that the environmental legal system protecting the GBR is likely to achieve sustainable development of the GBR. The principal method used to address these research questions and test the hypotheses is a case study of the effectiveness of the laws protecting the GBR. Particular emphasis is given in the case study to climate change both because it is now recognised as the major threat to the GBR and is a topic of significant international and national interest. This thesis is intended to contribute, in particular, to the current public and policy debate on responding effectively to climate change by using the GBR as a yardstick against which to measure "dangerous climate change" and, conversely, acceptable climate change. There are five major findings of the research. First, most of the legal writing regarding environmental legal systems is descriptive, explanatory and interpretative rather than evaluative. Second, most legal writers who attempt to evaluate the effectiveness of part or the whole of an environmental legal system implicitly use the PSR method and refer to pressures, conditions, and responses but do not acknowledge this conceptual framework. Third, the best available conceptual and analytical framework for evaluating the effectiveness of an environmental legal system is the PSR method. It is the simplest, most systematic, comprehensive and meaningful framework with the greatest predictive power for evaluating the effectiveness of the total social and legal response to human-induced environmental degradation currently available. Fourth, current practice in SoE reporting, at least in relation to the GBR, is largely descriptive and rarely evaluates the effectiveness of the response. The fifth major finding of this research is that, while there are many effective parts of the response to pressures on the GBR, the current environmental legal system is not likely to be effective in preventing climate change from causing very serious damage to the GBR. Based on what we know at this point in time, particularly the technology that is currently available and current greenhouse gas emissions, the impacts of climate change appear likely to swamp the many good aspects of the legal system protecting the GBR. Atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide in 2005 were approximately 379 parts per million ("ppm") and rising by 2 ppm per year. Including the effect of other greenhouse gases such as methane, the total concentration of atmospheric greenhouse gases was around 455 ppm carbon dioxide equivalents ("CO2-eq") in 2005, although the cooling effect of aerosols and landuse changes reduced the net effect to around 375 ppm CO2-eq. Limiting the total increase in mean global temperature to approximately 1°C requires stabilization of atmospheric greenhouse gases and aerosols around 350 ppm CO2-eq. Increasing the net effect of greenhouse gases and aerosols to 450-550 ppm CO2-eq is expected to result in a 2-3°C rise in mean surface temperatures. There are currently no international or national legal constraints to hold greenhouse gas concentrations beneath these levels and they appear likely to be exceeded. These increases in mean global temperatures are expected to severely degrade the GBR by 2030-2040. Even the targets being set by the new Australian Government of reducing Australia's greenhouse gas emissions by 60% by 2050 appear insufficient to protect the GBR. If a 60% reduction in emissions can be achieved globally by 2050 a rise in mean global temperature of around 2.4°C is expected. This indicates the environmental legal system protecting the GBR is not likely to be effective in relation to climate change and, therefore, is failing to reach its objective of sustainable development. Three major recommendations arise from the research. First, legal writers attempting to evaluate the effectiveness of the whole or part of an environmental legal system should use and acknowledge the PSR method. Second, SoE reports should include a stand-alone chapter evaluating the effectiveness of the response. Third, the environmental legal system protecting the GBR should take strong and comprehensive measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions if the objective of sustainable development is to be achieved. Such measures should include setting policy targets for stabilizing atmospheric greenhouse gas and aerosol concentrations around 350 ppm CO2-eq to limit increases in mean global temperature to 1°C. Policy targets of stabilizing atmospheric greenhouse gases and aerosols at 450-550 ppm CO2-eq to limit increases in mean global temperatures to 2-3°C are likely to be too high to avoid severe impacts of coral bleaching to the GBR.
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McGrath, Christopher James. "How to evaluate the effectiveness of an environmental legal system." Queensland University of Technology, 2007. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16661/.

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The principal research question addressed in this thesis is how the effectiveness of an environmental legal system can best be evaluated. A legal system is effective if it is achieving or likely to achieve its objectives. For an environmental legal system this means achieving sustainable development. The hypothesis tested in relation to this research question is that the pressure-state-response ("PSR") method of State of the Environment ("SoE") Reporting provides the best available framework for evaluating the effectiveness of an environmental legal system. A subsidiary research question addressed in this thesis is whether the environmental legal system protecting the Great Barrier Reef ("GBR") in north-eastern Australia is likely to achieve sustainable development of it. The hypothesis tested in relation to this research question is that the environmental legal system protecting the GBR is likely to achieve sustainable development of the GBR. The principal method used to address these research questions and test the hypotheses is a case study of the effectiveness of the laws protecting the GBR. Particular emphasis is given in the case study to climate change both because it is now recognised as the major threat to the GBR and is a topic of significant international and national interest. This thesis is intended to contribute, in particular, to the current public and policy debate on responding effectively to climate change by using the GBR as a yardstick against which to measure "dangerous climate change" and, conversely, acceptable climate change. There are five major findings of the research. First, most of the legal writing regarding environmental legal systems is descriptive, explanatory and interpretative rather than evaluative. Second, most legal writers who attempt to evaluate the effectiveness of part or the whole of an environmental legal system implicitly use the PSR method and refer to pressures, conditions, and responses but do not acknowledge this conceptual framework. Third, the best available conceptual and analytical framework for evaluating the effectiveness of an environmental legal system is the PSR method. It is the simplest, most systematic, comprehensive and meaningful framework with the greatest predictive power for evaluating the effectiveness of the total social and legal response to human-induced environmental degradation currently available. Fourth, current practice in SoE reporting, at least in relation to the GBR, is largely descriptive and rarely evaluates the effectiveness of the response. The fifth major finding of this research is that, while there are many effective parts of the response to pressures on the GBR, the current environmental legal system is not likely to be effective in preventing climate change from causing very serious damage to the GBR. Based on what we know at this point in time, particularly the technology that is currently available and current greenhouse gas emissions, the impacts of climate change appear likely to swamp the many good aspects of the legal system protecting the GBR. Atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide in 2005 were approximately 379 parts per million ("ppm") and rising by 2 ppm per year. Including the effect of other greenhouse gases such as methane, the total concentration of atmospheric greenhouse gases was around 455 ppm carbon dioxide equivalents ("CO2-eq") in 2005, although the cooling effect of aerosols and landuse changes reduced the net effect to around 375 ppm CO2-eq. Limiting the total increase in mean global temperature to approximately 1°C requires stabilization of atmospheric greenhouse gases and aerosols around 350 ppm CO2-eq. Increasing the net effect of greenhouse gases and aerosols to 450-550 ppm CO2-eq is expected to result in a 2-3°C rise in mean surface temperatures. There are currently no international or national legal constraints to hold greenhouse gas concentrations beneath these levels and they appear likely to be exceeded. These increases in mean global temperatures are expected to severely degrade the GBR by 2030-2040. Even the targets being set by the new Australian Government of reducing Australia's greenhouse gas emissions by 60% by 2050 appear insufficient to protect the GBR. If a 60% reduction in emissions can be achieved globally by 2050 a rise in mean global temperature of around 2.4°C is expected. This indicates the environmental legal system protecting the GBR is not likely to be effective in relation to climate change and, therefore, is failing to reach its objective of sustainable development. Three major recommendations arise from the research. First, legal writers attempting to evaluate the effectiveness of the whole or part of an environmental legal system should use and acknowledge the PSR method. Second, SoE reports should include a stand-alone chapter evaluating the effectiveness of the response. Third, the environmental legal system protecting the GBR should take strong and comprehensive measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions if the objective of sustainable development is to be achieved. Such measures should include setting policy targets for stabilizing atmospheric greenhouse gas and aerosol concentrations around 350 ppm CO2-eq to limit increases in mean global temperature to 1°C. Policy targets of stabilizing atmospheric greenhouse gases and aerosols at 450-550 ppm CO2-eq to limit increases in mean global temperatures to 2-3°C are likely to be too high to avoid severe impacts of coral bleaching to the GBR.
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Welch, Stephen. "An examination of the role for environmental accounting in Commonwealth environmental impact assessment." Master's thesis, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/145353.

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Powell, Lisa. "Environmental disclosures in a conservation organisation: an insider view." 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/57420.

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Title page, table of contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University of Adelaide Library.
The objectives of this study were: to understand the process of environmental disclosures operating within a conservation organisation; to identify the nature of and rationales for particular environmental disclosures made by the organisation; and to observe the development of the environmental disclosure policy, media and content of the organisation as it underwent significant change. The investigative approach adopted in the study identified a level of complexity associated with the process of disclosure that would otherwise remained concealed.
http://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1277152
Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Commerce, 2007
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Books on the topic "Environmental auditing Australia Evaluation"

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Andrew, Ohrt, and National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory (U.S.). Atlantic Ecology Division., eds. Environmental accounting using emergy: Evaluation of Minnesota. Narragansett, RI: US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Atlantic Ecology Division, 2009.

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Campbell, Daniel E. Environmental accounting using emergy: Evaluation of Minnesota. Narragansett, RI: US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Atlantic Ecology Division, 2009.

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Morandi, Larry B. State environmental audit laws and policies: An evaluation. Denver, Colo: National Conference of State Legislatures, 1998.

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Devuyst, Dimitri. Instruments for the evaluation of environmental impact assessment. Brussel: Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Faculteit Geneeskunde en Farmacie, Eenheid Menselijke Ecologie, 1994.

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Conference on Follow-up/Audit of EIA Results (1985 Banff, Alta.). Audit and evaluation in environmental assessment and management: Canadian and international experience : proceedings of the Conference on Follow-up/Audit of EIA Results. Edited by Sadler Barry, Canada Environmental Protection Service, and Banff Centre. School of Management. [Banff, Alta.]: The School, 1987.

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Rovere, E. Lèbre La, and Alexandre d' Avignon. Manual de auditoria ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Qualitymark, 2000.

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Klemm, Donald J. Manual for the evaluation of laboratories performing aquatic toxicity tests. Cincinnati, Ohio: Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, Office of Modeling, Monitoring Systems, and Quality Assurance, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1991.

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Australia. Parliament. Joint Committee of Public Accounts. Guarding the independence of the Auditor-General. Canberra: Australian Govt. Pub. Service, 1996.

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Benjamin, Yorick. European workshops on eco products: Evaluation of the "design for health profiler"--proceedings. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1996.

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Division, Oregon Audits. Department of Environmental Quality, Hazardous Waste Program. Salem, Or: Secretary of State, Audits Division, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "Environmental auditing Australia Evaluation"

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Scott, S. G. "The Fairview Coal Seam Gasfield, Comet Ridge, Queensland Australia." In Coalbed Methane: Scientific, Environmental and Economic Evaluation, 23–31. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1062-6_3.

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Cobb, M., D. L. Lopez, M. Glikson, and S. D. Golding. "Simulating the Conductive and Hydrothermal Maturation of Coal and Coal Seam Gas in the Bowen Basin, Australia." In Coalbed Methane: Scientific, Environmental and Economic Evaluation, 435–48. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1062-6_26.

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Massarotto, Paul. "Cost Benefit Analysis of Coalbed Methane Recovery Activities in Australia and New Zealand- Implications for Commercial Projects and Government Policy." In Coalbed Methane: Scientific, Environmental and Economic Evaluation, 33–54. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1062-6_4.

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Wilson, Shaun, Alan Kendrick, and Barry Wilson. "The North-Western Margin of Australia." In World Seas: an Environmental Evaluation, 303–31. Elsevier, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-100853-9.00019-1.

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Mitchell, Bruce. "Monitoring and Evaluation." In Resource and Environmental Management, 299–327. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190885816.003.0011.

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To improve implementation of policies and plans for resource and environmental management, systematic monitoring and evaluation are essential. In this chapter attention is given first to characteristics, opportunities, and limitations with regard to monitoring and evaluation. Then, three kinds of monitoring and evaluation are examined: environmental auditing; state of environment reports; and geomatics, or Geographical Information Systems (GIS)-based, monitoring and assessments. Detailed case studies cover environmental audits of a mine in Alaska and a tourism resort in Greece; state of environment reports in the European Union, Saskatchewan in Canada, and North Carolina in the United States; and GIS-based monitoring and assessment of wetlands in India and hotspots in the Lake Chad basin in Africa. Tung Fung’s guest statement explains how GIS has been used to monitor and evaluate environmental conditions in Hong Kong.
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"Environmental Auditing of Land Contamination— Experiences in South Australia and Northern Territory." In Waste Management, 61–68. CRC Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781482280173-10.

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Rana, Tarek. "New Public Management Reforms and Modernization Changes in Australia." In Advances in Electronic Government, Digital Divide, and Regional Development, 1–17. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-3731-1.ch001.

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This chapter explores and explains recent modernisation changes in the Australian Public Sector and provides insights on implications of new public management style reform for public sector accounting, auditing and accountability systems and practices. By adopting a narrative analysis approach, this chapter reconnoitres the change by dissecting the public-sector governance, performance and accountability reform and identifies significant modernisation changes in public sector management which has switched focus from a “rules-based” to “principles-based” accountability framework. Moreover, this chapter highlights the changes, challenges and opportunities that arises with the implementation of the new framework which can be seen as an innovative determination of modernisation. The modernisation change in Australia has produced new ideas of good governance and requirements for meaningful accountability systems and practices by mobilising various accountability mechanisms such as accountable authority, corporate plan, program evaluation, performance measurement, and risk management.
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de Burgh-Woodman, Hélène, Alessandro Bressan, and Angela Torrisi. "An Evaluation of the State of the CSR Field in Australia." In Comparative Perspectives on Global Corporate Social Responsibility, 138–64. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0720-8.ch007.

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While Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has become established in the managerial lexicon, its meaning and application varies according to geographical and sector contexts. In this chapter, we focus on the application of CSR across the banking and mining sectors in Australia to analyse the ways in which this managerial mechanism, with its theoretical underpinnings of social, environmental and economic balance, has been strategically appropriated and applied. We pose the key questions of how has CSR been implemented in Australia's largest industries and, secondarily, why has CSR not been more effective in transforming business practice in Australia? To demonstrate the alternative purposes to which CSR has been put, we use two case studies drawn from Australia's two most visible industries. The purpose of these case studies is to illustrate the larger conceptual ambiguity or fragmentation endemic to CSR and how this ambiguity affects its application – and therefore effectiveness – across different contexts.
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de Burgh-Woodman, Hélène, Alessandro Bressan, and Angela Torrisi. "An Evaluation of the State of the CSR Field in Australia." In Corporate Social Responsibility, 833–59. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-6192-7.ch042.

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While Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has become established in the managerial lexicon, its meaning and application varies according to geographical and sector contexts. In this chapter, we focus on the application of CSR across the banking and mining sectors in Australia to analyse the ways in which this managerial mechanism, with its theoretical underpinnings of social, environmental and economic balance, has been strategically appropriated and applied. We pose the key questions of how has CSR been implemented in Australia's largest industries and, secondarily, why has CSR not been more effective in transforming business practice in Australia? To demonstrate the alternative purposes to which CSR has been put, we use two case studies drawn from Australia's two most visible industries. The purpose of these case studies is to illustrate the larger conceptual ambiguity or fragmentation endemic to CSR and how this ambiguity affects its application – and therefore effectiveness – across different contexts.
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Lin, Shujia, and Cuilin Wang. "Research on the Development Direction of China’s Carbon Audit Under the Background of Low Carbon Economy." In Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering. IOS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/atde210293.

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In recent years, climate change, global warming, and environmental degradation these issues have intensified. Among them, carbon dioxide is a key factor in climate warming. Controlling carbon emissions by auditing them can make a big difference to the environment. Therefore, most countries have formulated corresponding policies to control carbon emissions and carry out the work of carbon audit. China has vigorously advocated the development of resource and environmental auditing these years. It is expected that carbon will reach its peak in 2030 and achieve its neutrality in 2060. And theoretical research and practical operation of carbon auditing has gradually aroused everyone’s attention. Based on this, article will study the theory of carbon audit up to now, combine with the actual operating conditions of various countries, sort out China’s carbon emissions, carbon accounting and carbon audit related systems. And the authors propose that the short-term work should increase the construction of carbon audit system, information collection platform construction and government-led operations, etc. And the long-term work should formulate carbon audit standards, cultivate its talent team, build its evaluation system and formation mechanism, etc.
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Conference papers on the topic "Environmental auditing Australia Evaluation"

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Barbosa, Fábio C. "LNG Use in Freight Rail Industry as an Economic and Environmental Driver: A Technical, Operational and Economic Assessment." In 2017 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2017-2233.

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Freight rail carriers have been continuously challenged to reduce costs and comply with increasingly stringent environmental standards, into a continuously competing and environmentally driven industry. In this context, current availability and relative abundance of clean and low cost non conventional gas reserves have aroused a comprehensive reevaluation of rail industry into fuel option, especially where freight rail are strongly diesel based. Countries in which rail sector is required to play an important role in transport matrix, where fuel expenditures currently accounts for a significant share of operational costs, like Australia, Brazil, United States and other continental countries, can be seen as strong candidates to adopt fuel alternatives to diesel fueled freight railways. Moreover, from an environmental perspective, the use of alternative fuels (like natural gas) for locomotive traction may allow rail freight carriers to comply with emission standards into a less technologically complex and costly way. In this context, liquefied natural gas (LNG) fueled freight locomotives are seen as a strong potential near-term driver for natural gas use in rail sector, with its intrinsic cost and environmental benefits and with the potential to revolutionize rail industry much like the transition from steam to diesel experienced into the fifties, as well as the more recent advent of use of alternating current diesel-electric locomotives. LNG rail fueled approach has been focused on both retrofitting existing locomotive diesel engines, as well as on original manufactured engines. Given the lower polluting potential of natural gas heavy engines, when compared to diesel counterparts, LNG locomotives can be used to comply with increasingly restrictive Particulate Matter (PM) and Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) emission standards with less technological complexity (engine design and aftertreatment hardware) and their intrinsic lower associated costs. Prior to commercial operation of LNG locomotives, there are some technical, operational and economic hurdles that need to be addressed, i.e. : i) locomotive engine and fuel tender car technological maturity and reliability improvement; ii) regulation improvement, basically focused on operational safety and interchange operations; iii) current and long term diesel - gas price differential, a decisive driver, and, finally, iv) LNG infrastructure requirements (fueling facilities, locomotives and tender car specifications). This work involved an extensive research into already published works to present an overview of LNG use in freight rail industry into a technical, operational and economical perspective, followed by a critical evaluation of its potential into some relevant freight rail markets, such as United States, Brazil and Australia, as well as some European non electrified rail freight lines.
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Moss, Justin, and Nicole Liang. "A Contemporary Comparison of Life Cycle Evaluations of Road Pavements in Australia-Asphaltic Concrete vs Portland Cement Concrete." In 12th International Conference on Concrete Pavements. International Society for Concrete Pavements, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33593/qyk86wg1.

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Life cycle cost analyses (LCC/A) have not typically been used for pavement optioneering for nearly 30 years in Australia, nor are they generally required in detailed design. To date, asphalt pavements were assumed to have lower construction costs but acknowledged as requiring regular maintenance (every 5 to 10 years), whereas concrete is well known to require less maintenance (typically at intervals of 10 to 20 years). Concrete is therefore characterised as being lower cost only in terms of its life cycle and consequently overlooked where construction costs are the focus of pavement options evaluation. However, with significant recent changes in road construction materials and processes, preconceptions around life cycle costs of asphalt and concrete pavements around the world should be reviewed. This paper reports on the findings of a study conducted by Arcadis which compared the life cycle costs of highway low- noise high-speed pavements - plain concrete (PCP), full depth asphalt (FDA) and asphalt over heavily bound (ACH). The study compared LCC of these pavements across a range of project- specific scenarios (resource availability, site complexity and traffic constraints) in addition to the impact of adopting international discount rates. With a new generation of pavement renewal now commencing in Australia (45 years after the first), this work also examined the viability of prolonging the service life of pavements in relation to its impact on life cycle costs, closures and environmental impact. This paper ultimately concludes best value of the various pavement scenario combinations by ranking and comparing all pavements options, and makes recommendations for future life cycle assessments.
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Donald, J. Adam, Erik Wielemaker, Chris Holmes, and Tom Neville. "WELLSITE FULL WAVEFORM SONIC INTERPRETATION." In 2021 SPWLA 62nd Annual Logging Symposium Online. Society of Petrophysicists and Well Log Analysts, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30632/spwla-2021-0022.

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Sonic data are now acquired in most wellbores for a variety of applications including seismic tie, porosity evaluation, lithology determination, fracture detection, gas detection, and geomechanics modeling. The industry is also more aware of the impacts of intrinsic (fractures, layering), extrinsic (stress), and borehole effects that may affect the basic measurements of compressional and shear slownesses. Any advanced interpretation of sonic data has historically been done days to weeks after the acquisition, and the value of the measurement can be diminished due to the time of delivery of the final product. An updated data-driven inversion algorithm applied while logging can provide robust shear and compressional slownesses with associated quality control indicators. The updated algorithm has fewer user parameters and is more reliable in layered, stressed, or damaged formations. Processing quality is determined using the coherency of the measured signal and an industry-standard rock physics model for theoretical validation. With the updated dipole shear inversion and more flexible dipole anisotropy frequency filters, the dipole shear anisotropy processing can deliver reliable results at the wellsite. A byproduct of the new dipole shear inversion algorithm is the environmental slowness that is used to optimally fit the dipole dispersion signal. The interpretation of the environmental slowness parameter can indicate the anisotropy mechanism in addition to zones of near-wellbore alteration to provide further insight immediately. The wellsite dipole shear inversion and anisotropy processing were run on a vertical well in eastern Australia, within a stacked tight gas sand reservoir that requires hydraulic fracturing. The main application of the sonic data was reliable slownesses as input to stress modeling for designing the stimulation, but the direction of the maximum horizontal stresses within the clastic gas-filled zones was also required. The dipole shear inversion results were able to handle various lithologies and hole conditions, as well as identify vertical transverse isotropy (VTI) anisotropic shale intervals between the horizontally stressed sand zones.
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Hodder, M. S., D. J. White, and M. J. Cassidy. "Centrifuge Modelling of Riser-Soil Stiffness Degradation in the Touchdown Zone of a Steel Catenary Riser." In ASME 2008 27th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2008-57302.

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Steel catenary risers (SCRs) are economical to assemble and install compared to conventional vertical risers. However, accurate evaluation of the fatigue life of an SCR remains a major challenge due to uncertainty surrounding the interaction forces at the seabed within the touchdown zone (TDZ). Fatigue life predictions are heavily dependant on the assumed stiffness between the riser and the seabed and therefore an accurate assessment of seabed stiffness — or more specifically the nonlinear pipe-soil resistance — is required. During the lifespan of an SCR, vessel motions due to environmental loading cause repeated penetration of the riser into the seabed within the TDZ. This behaviour makes assessment of seabed stiffness difficult due to the gross deformations of the seabed and the resulting soil remoulding and water entrainment. This paper describes a model test in which the movement of a length of riser pipe was simulated within the geotechnical beam centrifuge at the University of Western Australia. The model soil was soft, lightly over-consolidated kaolin clay with a linearly increasing shear strength profile with depth, typical of deepwater conditions. The pipe was cycled over a fixed vertical distance from an invert embedment of 0.5 diameters to above the soil surface. This range represents a typical vertical oscillation range of a section of riser within the TDZ during storm loading. The results indicate a significant degradation in the vertical pipe-soil resistance during cyclic vertical movements. Due to the cyclic degradation in soil strength, the component of the vertical resistance created by buoyancy was significant, particularly due to the influence of heave. A new approach to the interpretation of heave-enhanced buoyancy was used to extract the separate influences of soil strength and buoyancy, allowing the cyclic degradation in strength to be quantified. During cycling, the soil strength reduced by a factor of 7.5 relative to the initial penetration stage. This degradation was more significant than the reduction in soil strength during a cyclic T-bar penetration test. This contrast can be attributed to the breakaway of the pipe from the soil surface which allowed water entrainment. This dramatic loss of strength and therefore secant stiffness, and the significance of the buoyancy term in the total vertical pipe-soil resistance, has implications for the fatigue assessment of SCRs.
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