Relevant bibliographies by topics / Environment-friendly policy

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Environment-friendly policy'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Environment-friendly policy"

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Handayani, Tri, Lastuti Abubakar, and C. Sukmadilaga. "GREEN LOAN BANKS POLICY TO PROVIDE ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY PROJECT." Diponegoro Law Review 5, no. 2 (October 30, 2020): 215–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/dilrev.5.2.2020.215-230.

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Banks have an important role in realizing SDGs, therefore the Bank must continue to develop its products and services to be directed towards sustainable economic activities and not too exploring resources. Based on The Appendix of the President Decree No. 59/2017 the Indonesian government directed the global target of economies inclusive regarding the participation of the financial services sector. The Banks will support the priority economic sectors development such as agriculture, processing industries, and infrastructure, Micro, Small, Medium Enterprises and Energy. Banks can participate by using a green loan policy. This research is a normative legal research, which focuses on examining the application of the rules or norms in positive law. The result is the Banks play a key role in society, banks have purpose to help develop sustainable economies and to empower people to build better futures. When banks will give a credit to those who have a business that has a direct impact to the environment, bank also can be offer a position as a manager of environmental recovery guarantee funds. In other side, Banks can provide green development, in a process of giving credit to the debtor; banks need to pay attention to the business legality of prospective debtors. Banks are required to ensure that prospective customers have a legal business and comply with all relevant laws and regulations.
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Sohn, Chan-Joon. "Promoting Environment-friendly Agriculture and Fisheries in Korea." Korean Journal of Policy Studies 10 (December 31, 1995): 233–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.52372/kjps10012.

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Agriculture has made a great contribution to solving food shortage in Korea. In recent years, however, the agriculture and fisheries is threatened by the increasing pollution. The examples are pollution by overused chemicals and pesticides, pollution from livestock manure, pollution in the intensive fishing farm. In this regard, food quality including food safety is a great concern to domestic consumers. Also, raising quality rather than lowering prices of the products is better strategy for Korean agriculture and fisheries facing globally open economy. Environment-friendly agriculture and fisheries(EFAF) is an alternative way to heighten the quality of the products, and hence to have competitiveness in the world market. In addition, agriculture has non-market benefits, i.e., environment conservation. Soil conservation, water resource development, flood control and air refreshment are good examples. The underlying issue is how to maximize the positive effects, minimizing the negative effects. As alternative ways to current production technologies, some suggestions are made. Organic farming/natural farming, reuse of animal manure, and hydroponic farming are some types of EFAF emerging in Korea. Policy change should be made and government support is needed to promote EFAF. Related institution and investment programs for EFAF should be carefully designed and carried out.
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Boehmer-Christiansen, S. A., D. Merten, J. Meissner, and D. Ufer. "Ecological restructuring or environment friendly deindustrialization." Energy Policy 21, no. 4 (April 1993): 355–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-4215(93)90276-l.

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Seo, Hwan-Seok, and Jae-Hyun Hwang. "Analyzing Policy Priorities for Environment-Friendly Agriculture using AHP and IPA." Korean Journal of Agricultural Management and Policy 46, no. 3 (September 30, 2019): 444–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.30805/kjamp.2019.46.3.444.

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김민규, 손정훈, and 장예빛. "The Policy implications on dementia care village as dementia-friendly environment." Korean Journal of Gerontological Social Welfare 73, no. 1 (March 2018): 315–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21194/kjgsw.73.1.201803.315.

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Mwase, Ngila. "Developing an environment‐friendly transport system in Tanzania: some policy considerations." Transport Reviews 16, no. 2 (April 1996): 145–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01441649608716942.

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Khan, Muhammad Azeem, M. Iqbal, and Iftikhar Ahmad. "Environment-Friendly Cotton Production through Implementing Integrated Pest Management Approach." Pakistan Development Review 46, no. 4II (December 1, 2007): 1119–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v46i4iipp.1119-1135.

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Tremendous increases in pesticide use in cotton growing areas have severely affected the health of peoples and degraded environment [Poswal and Williamson (1998); Ahmad and Poswal (2000); Orphal 2001 and Khan (2000)]. Farmer Field School (FFS) based IPM implemented in the world to reduce dependence on pesticides and promote environmentally safe plant protection practices. An FFS-led Integrated Pest Management (IMP) model implemented in Pakistan during 1996—popularly known as “Vehari Model”, clearly demonstrated that IPM could be implemented on a large scale at the farm level. UNDP-FAO Policy Reform Project provided required policy level support to scale up the Farmer-led IPM in the country. Implementation of pesticide policy project in Pakistan highlighted that pesticide consumption increased from 665 metric tons in 1980 to 78,132 metric tons in 2003-4. The role of private sector in promoting the production and use of pesticides was found tremendously high. The private sector also took full advantage of government’s pesticide import liberalisation policies. One of the key components of dramatic increase in pesticide use in Pakistan is related to very soft import and registration at that time, which allowed the generic compounds registered elsewhere, to be imported without fieldtesting.
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Kadmayer, Yustin Olivia. "The Danish-Friendly Environment And Human Rights Business: A Human Rights-Based Perspective On Economic Development And Business Activities Address The Problem Of Climate Change." Kybernology : Journal of Government Studies 2, no. 2 (October 31, 2022): 96–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.26618/kjgs.v2i2.9580.

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This paper aims to find address the problem of climate change through the Danish-friendly environment and human rights business. The biggest causes for climate change derive from aggressive business and human being activities. The impacts of climate change are direct and indirect linked to human rights. Denmark is categorized as the most friendly environment country in 2022. This achievement is a reward for Denmark which has had a development climate policy since the 70s through the green energy transition. Denmark developed its climate policy into business. The business is a friendly-environment and human rights. The development theory is implemented in this paper to answer the development of the Danish climate policy.
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Zhang, Yuming, Chao Xing, and David Tripe. "Redistribution of China’s Green Credit Policy among Environment-Friendly Manufacturing Firms of Various Sizes: Do Banks Value Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 1 (December 23, 2020): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18010033.

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According to previous studies, China’s green credit policy, which was launched in 2012, increases environment-friendly manufacturing enterprises’ loan amounts. In this paper, we focus on a redistribution mechanism among environment-friendly manufacturing firms, namely, we determine whether the effects of the green credit policy differ between small and medium-sized environment-friendly manufacturing enterprises (SMEMEs) and large environment-friendly manufacturing enterprises (LEMEs). Using a difference in difference model (DID) and a difference in difference in difference model (DDD), we find that SMEMEs obtain more loans than LEMEs due to the green credit policy. We further analyze three potential foundations of this redistribution mechanism: information asymmetry, financial development, and government environmental investment. The results demonstrate that the redistribution effect occurs in both low and high information asymmetry conditions but only in regions with satisfactory financial development and with lower government environmental investment. Our findings enrich the literature on green credit, sustainable finance, and small finance, and they provide references for enterprises, banks, and governments.
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Dutt, Gautam S. "Energy-efficient and environment-friendly refrigerators." Energy for Sustainable Development 1, no. 5 (January 1995): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0973-0826(08)60089-7.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Environment-friendly policy"

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Wessels, Janelle. "Towards a mutually sustainable environmentally friendly information technology policy framework for South African small, medium and micro enterprises." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/26076.

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A number of problems have served as motivators for this study: Environmental deterioration as a risk to economic facilitation; missed organisational green competitive opportunities; South Africa's need as a developing country for the growth of small, medium and micro-enterprises (SMMEs); and information technologies as an aid for ecological and economical problems. Accordingly, this research has aimed to suggest environment-friendly information technology policies that can be implemented in South African SMMEs, engendering mutually beneficial sustainability for the three domains (or contextual study elements) ‘Environment’, ‘Organisation’ and ‘Information Technology’. The methodology used involves an interpretive research approach, a literature survey based on document analyses, and an empirical study based on green information technology expert interviews. In collecting the data, the theory of three of the five Multiple Perspectives Approach perspective types was applied; for the data analysis, the Hierarchical and Signed components constituting the Directed Graphing Method where applied. The output of this study includes an explanation of the relationships that exist between the study elements and that lead to mutually beneficial sustainability. It also includes the identification of Key Sustainability Factors for each of the research elements, as high level critical goals to be achieved by green information technology policy developers in pursuing mutually beneficial sustainability. Furthermore, the output contains contextually consolidated Key Sustainability Factor Enablers, to serve as policy recommendations for implementation by green information technology practitioners toward ensuring mutually beneficial sustainability; and, finally, a sample integration of these Key Sustainability Factor Enablers, now referred to as Conceptual Policy Views, such as may have been produced by typical green information technology policy developers in selecting and prioritising views for organisational utilisations. In answering the main research question of this study, as well as providing its key outcome, a conceptual framework has been produced which comprises information technology policies that are supported to be feasible for implementation as well as of mutual benefit in terms of sustainability for the ‘Environment’, South African SMME ‘Organisations’ and ‘Information Technology’ itself. This provides an ordered and related means of implementing information technology policies, while also relating these policies to their respective mutually beneficial Key Sustainability Factors. Strategic planning, toward incorporating the conceptual framework into organisational policy, is thus enabled. This study concludes with an evaluation of its findings and execution, together with future research recommendations.
Dissertation (MCom)--University of Pretoria, 2011.
Informatics
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Geil, Rachel. "The Effect of Pet-Friendly Policies on Organizational Attractiveness." Xavier University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=xavier151595670058544.

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Bui, Duc Tinh. "Tourism industry responses to the rise of sustainable tourism and related environmental policy initiatives the case of Hue City, Vietnam : a thesis submitted to Auckland University of Techin fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, AUT University, 2009 /." Click here to access this resource online, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/769.

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Tourism is promoted by the governments of many developing countries because it offers the potential for creating jobs, thus generating income for the country and revenue for the government. However, the tourism industry can also be viewed as a destructive force, associated with negative externalities such as the loss of natural landscapes, congestion, and environmental and cultural degradation. These problems are more likely to be exacerbated where there is a lack of well-designed planning and effective management of tourism development. An essential component of any management of tourism is the ability to engage with, and get a positive response from, the tourism industry. There are a wide range of enterprises involved in providing tourist products and experiences, and in many nations, both developing and developed, a large number of these businesses are small and medium in size and tend to operate at a local scale. The informal nature of tourism enterprises in the developing world can make it difficult to spread awareness of tourism policy and to measure moves towards more sustainable performance on the part of the industry. Using the case study of tourism in the city of Hue, this thesis argues that it is essential to understand both what tourism enterprises know about sustainable tourism practice and policy and also how they respond to its adoption, if we are to more fully understand tourism and its links to sustainable economic development. Located on the central northern coast of Vietnam, Hue is well known for its cultural resources and natural beauty, and the province has become a major tourism centre in Vietnam. The city of Hue itself is recognized as having international heritage value and was listed as a world cultural heritage site by UNESCO in 1993. During the last decade, tourism revenues have increased by nearly 35% per annum, and Hue has made great efforts to both stimulate and cater for increasing demand for its tourism products and services. The Vietnamese government has introduced a number of policies designed to enhance environmental quality generally and, more specifically, to improve the sustainability of enterprises in the tourism sector. This thesis examines the degree to which tourism enterprises in the city of Hue are aware of the broad concept of sustainable tourism and of the specific legislation designed to influence the sustainability of their businesses. I examine the structure and make-up of the industry and then analyse whether characteristics such as size, ownership type and sectoral focus play a role in influencing awareness of, and response to, government policy. The research triangulates data-gathering methods: secondary data, literature reviews, semi-structured interviews and an enterprise survey are all used to gain insights into the core research questions. Each method feeds into and is strengthened by the others, and their combination (including 50 interviews and 180 survey responses) provides a robust data set to work from. The findings reveal that many of the firms operating in the Hue tourism industry are characterized by weak institutional practices, low financial capacity, poor facilities and a lack of broader awareness of policies that influence sustainable tourism practice. The tourism industry’s awareness of general sustainable development issues is low, and much business practice focuses on short-term rather than long-term perspectives. This limits the use of environmentally friendly practices by firms, especially small- and medium-scale enterprises (SMEs), in their daily business activities. The study reveals that there is no significant variation in the adoption of sustainable tourism practices according to the size of enterprises, especially if the practices in question are simple and can be introduced with cost savings. However, as the cost and complexity of introducing environmental measures increases, we see a greater ability on the part of larger enterprises to adopt such actions – partly because they are in a stronger position to bear the short-terms costs of implementing such approaches. There are a wide range of factors that constrain the Hue tourism industry from adopting more sustainable tourism practices. Internal constraints such as limited financial and human resources are combined with external constraints such as increasing cost-based competition, the lack of enforcement of government policies, and limited awareness of sustainable tourism pracitces. All of these factors play a crucial role in shaping the actions of enterprises in relation to sustainable tourism practices and policies. The results of this study also point to the fact that government sustainable tourism initiatives that rely on ‘command-and-control’ approaches will have limited effect; instead, a variety of institutional economic instruments offer greater potential to overcome deficiencies in the ability of the market to drive tourism enterprises towards more sustainable business practices. The thesis also argues that it is important to develop approaches that can cope with the special challenges attached to management of sustainable tourism development in destinations that are dominated by SMEs. The thesis contributes to the growing body of theory and literature in sustainable tourism development and tourism-enterprise behaviour. It also makes an important contribution to our understanding of tourism enterprises in the developing world. In particular, the findings add an important layer of understanding to those attempting to develop a more sustainable tourism industry in Vietnam. Specifically, it provides policy-makers with important insights into the ways in which different types of tourism enterprises respond to initiatives that relate to improved business sustainability.
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Papaleo, Maria Carmela. "Issues in Environmental Economics: Sustainability and Eco-efficiency." Doctoral thesis, Universita degli studi di Salerno, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10556/1953.

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2013 - 2014
This thesis deals empirically with various research questions in environmental economics. In particular the issues of sustainability and eco-efficiency are approached on three different data-sets. The first paper deals with the analysis of eco-efficiency for 103 provincial (NUTS 3 - Nomenclature of Units for Territorial Statistics 3) capitals of Italy throughout 2000-2008. It focuses on the link among economic growth, energy consumption and air pollution, modeling cities as territorial units that ought to promote growth, while at the same time minimising its environmental impact. Subsequently, the eco-efficiency of this panel of provincial capitals is measured through panel estimates of an input-distance function. Within this procedure, considering some environmental control variables, the paper evaluates if environmental best practices correspond either to those municipalities that adopt environment-friendly policies or to cities characterised by a particular urban context. The evidence points to the existence of a significant link between economic development, energy consumption and air pollution at the provincial capital level. The most ecoefficient provincial capitals are also among the wealthier, which is consistent with an Environmental Kuznets Curve. The second paper investigates the Ecological Footprint indicator by focusing on the notion of sustainable development and then of carrying capacity of land. The impact of man on nature is explored through an empirical analysis of the growth rate of population, and the percentage of urban and rural population, in Europe. The level of CO2 emissions per inhabitant in the EU is compared with that of developing countries. Through a sectoral approach, the total CO2 emissions per capita from fuel combustion, electricity and heat production, manufacturing industries and construction, transport and other sources are separately appraised. The third paper studies the relationship between rice production and methane emissions. Rice farming is believed to be a major anthropogenic source of methane emissions, which are measured emissions at both country and world levels of aggregation. It presents a quantitative estimation of the statistical relationship between rice production dynamics and methane emissions with regression estimates computed (country-wise and globally) over a large set of countries. The evidence only partly validates the expectation of a positive statistical influence of rice production on methane emissions. In fact a Kuznetstype evidence shows up: increasing rice production is correlated with fewer emissions. This negative relationship holds for a measure of countries sufficient to emerge significantly also at the world level. [edited by Author]
XIII n.s.
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Kutienė, Adelė. "Šeimos politikos įgyvendinimo Lietuvoje vertinimas. Plungės miesto gyventojų nuomonės tyrimas." Bachelor's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20100928_140404-54753.

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Bakalauro baigiamajame darbe nagrinėjama šeimos politika ir jos įgyvendinimo Lietuvoje vertinimas. Baigiamąjį darbą sudaro dvi dalys. Pirmoje dalyje nagrinėjama šeimos politika teoriniu aspektu. Apžvelgiami šeimos politikos principai tarptautiniuose dokumentuose ir šeimos politikos ypatumai įvairiose šalyse. Antroje baigiamojo darbo dalyje pristatomas Šeimos politikos ir jos įgyvendinimo Lietuvoje tyrimas. Pagrindinis tyrimo tikslas - išanalizuoti šeimos politiką ir jos įgyvendinimą Lietuvoje, remiantis Plungės rajono savivaldybės atveju. Tyrimo eigoje siekta nustatyti labiausiai vertinamas paramos šeimai formas, įvertinti finansinę paramą ir Plungės miesto organizacijų veiklą, įgyvendinant šeimos politiką. Tyrimo rezultatai rodo, kad gyventojai nėra patenkinti valstybės vykdoma veikla ir šeimos politikos įgyvendinimą vertina blogai. Daugumos gyventojų netenkina Plungės organizacijų veikla, įgyvendinant šeimos politiką.
Bachelor thesis examines family policy and its implementation in Lithuania rating. Thesis consists of two parts. The first part deals with theoretical aspects of family policy. A reviewing of the principles of international family policy and family policy features in different countries. In second part is presented family policies and their implementation in Lithuania investigation. The main purpose of investigation is to examine family policy and its implementation in Lithuania, using Plunge district municipality ase. During the investigation of the study was determined the most valued forms of family support, financial support and Plunge organizations actions in the implementation of family policy. The survey shows that people aren`t meet with states activities and family policies actions assess in bad way. Most people aren`t satisfy with Plunges organizations actions in the implementation of family policy.
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Johnson, Yolande. "A pet-friendly workplace policy to enhance the outcomes of an Employee Assistance Programme (EAP)." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2004. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-10172005-154203.

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Searle, Deane. "Low Intensity Conflict: Contemporary Approaches and Strategic Thinking." The University of Waikato, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2591.

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Low Intensity Conflict (LIC) is a significant feature of the contemporary world and it is a particular challenge to the armed forces of many states which are involved is such conflict, or are likely to become so. This thesis is not concerned with how such difficult conflict situations arise. Rather it is concerned with how, from the point of view of the state, they may be contained and ultimately brought to a satisfactory resolution. The work is thus concerned with the practicalities of ending LIC. More specifically, the purpose of this research is to establish a framework of doctrinal and military principles applicable to the prevention and resolution of LIC. The principles of this thesis are based in numerous historical examples of LIC and six in depth case studies. These distilled principles are analysed in two central chapters, and are then applied in two latter defence force chapters so as to ensure there practicality and resilience. Numerous defence academics and military practitioners have been consulted in the production of this thesis; their contribution has further reinforced the functionality of the principles examined in this research. The research illustrates the criticality of a holistic approach to LIC. The function of this approach is to guarantee the stability of the sovereign state, by unifying civil, police, intelligence and military services. The effectiveness of the military elements must also be ensured, as military force is central to the suppression of LIC. Consequently, the research makes strategic and operational prescriptions, so as to improve the capability of defence forces that are concerned with preventing or resolving LIC.
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Hošková, Alžběta. "Rodinná politika na úrovni obcí." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-298778.

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Diploma thesis Local Family Policy deals with family support provided by municipalities and other institutions on the local level. The thesis is based on the assumption that in the society there should be a family-friendly environment, which supports them and appreciates their effort. The local level of local family policy is very important for creating such an environment. Next assumption of the thesis is that policy measures take effects not only instrumentally, but great parts of their effect are also symbolical messages sent towards target groups. The thesis focuses on a quick analysis of stakeholders, who intervene into local family policies, describes main activities of municipalities in the field of family policy, identifies the best practice models and analyses existing barriers. In the next part follows an assessment of local family policy from the view of characteristics of a good local family policy, on which most of the experts agree on. Documents, semi structured and informal interviews and involved observation were used as data source for this thesis. Even though the thesis is a qualitative study, and therefore it does not present general conclusions valid for all the municipalities in the Czech Republic, it brings a contribution for its new perspective on this barely explored issue....
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Books on the topic "Environment-friendly policy"

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(Nepal), Asia Foundation, ed. Gender friendly environment in the workplace. Kathmandu: Forum for Women, Law and Development [and] The Asia Foundation, 2005.

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Sharma, Shankar. Integrated power policy: A framework for people-centric, environment-friendly, and sustainable power policy. New Delhi: Coalition for Nuclear Disarmament and Peace, 2012.

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S, Malayang Ben, World Trade Organization, and Environment and Resource Management Project., eds. GATT-WTO and the Philippine environment: Policy safeguards to ensure an environment-friendly competitiveness in world trade. Laguna, Philippines: The Project, 1996.

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"Liang xing she hui" de li lun yu shi jian: The theory and practice of resource-conserving & environment-friendly society. Changsha Shi: Hunan ren min chu ban she, 2008.

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Chenyang, Xiao, ed. Huan jing you hao de she hui ji chu: Zhongguo shi min huan jing guan xin yu xing wei de shi zheng yan jiu = Social Bases for Environment Friendly Society : Empirical Studies on Environmental Concern and Behavior of Urban Residents in China = Huanjing Youhao de Shehui Jichu. Beijing: Zhongguo ren min da xue chu ban she, 2012.

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Sue, Bond, and Joseph Rowntree Foundation, eds. Family-friendly working?: Putting policy into practice. York: YPS for the Joseph Rowntree Foundation, 2002.

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1964-, Gleeson Brendan, and Sipe Neil G, eds. Creating child friendly cities: Reinstating kids in the city. London: Routledge, 2006.

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Kumar, H. L. Kumar's hand book on petroleum laws: Being commentaries on petroleum act, petroleum rules & petroleum concession rules : containing control orders, notifications, allied laws, world-wide guide to petroleum procurement requirements, international competitive bidding, lubricating oils as environment friendly products, glossary of standards terms used in petroleum industry alongwith auto fuel policy report. 2nd ed. Allahabad: Law Publishers (India), 2006.

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Asogwa, Benjamin, and Joseph Umeh. Agricultural Policy and Resource Use : the case of Cassava Industry : Efficient Farm Management in a Friendly Policy Environment: Implications for Agricultural Development. LAP Lambert Academic Publishing, 2012.

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Environment & economic development: Is there an eco-friendly path to progress? : papers presented at a multidisciplinary seminar held on 14 December 1991 at the IFS. Kandy, Sri Lanka: The Institute, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Environment-friendly policy"

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Reiss, Steven P. "The FIELD Policy Service." In The Field Programming Environment: A Friendly Integrated Environment for Learning and Development, 39–52. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2215-7_3.

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Mensah, S. N. A. "The Promotion of Small Farms in Swaziland: A Sound Agrarian Policy, Friendly to the Environment." In Environment and Sustainable Development in Eastern and Southern Africa, 128–43. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-26643-2_9.

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Singh, R. B., R. S. Paroda, and Malavika Dadlani. "Science, Technology and Innovation." In India Studies in Business and Economics, 213–50. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0763-0_8.

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AbstractScience, technology and innovation (STI), targeted to solve both generic and location-specific challenges, are key drivers for transforming agri-food systems. These can transform the sustenance and low return livelihood to a profitable and respectable occupation for smallholder farmers, while motivating, attracting and empowering youth and women in agriculture. A paradigm shift is needed to: i) increase productivity, profitability, inclusiveness and efficiency of human engagement, ii) achieve complete nutrition security, iii) address the challenges of climate change, iv) adopt environment-friendly sustainable practices, and v) establish efficient farmer-market linkages. To achieve the desired goals, this chapter highlights effective pathways for: i) scaling innovations by combining ITK, conventional methods, and adopting NextGen cutting edge technologies evolved nationally or internationally, ii) enduring STI through a Gold Class education system, and iii) leveraging strong public-private partnership. The chapter also recommends increased investments in R&D, urgent need for enabling policy environment for scaling innovations and suggests clear transformative action points.
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Idowu, S. A., D. J. Arotupin, and S. O. Oladejo. "Plastic Pollution and Climate Change: Role of Bioremediation as a Tool to Achieving Sustainability." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 1159–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_102.

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AbstractPollution from post-consumer plastics is a growing global environmental challenge whose negative impacts are exacerbating climate change. Plastics are stable, durable, and hydrophobic. They possess high molecular weight, complex three-dimensional structure, and are not readily available to be used as substrate by biological agents such as microorganisms and enzymes. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is one of the examples of petrochemical-based plastics. PET is a strong, clear, and light-weight plastic with global usage in the production of bottles. Technological innovation, policy formulation, advocacy and sensitization, change in consumption pattern, and bioremediation are some of the approaches that are currently being used to mitigate environmental pollution from post-consumer PET bottles. The ubiquitous property of microorganisms and their ability to survive in almost every environment, including very extreme ones, make them good candidate for biodegradation. Bioremediation is simply defined as engineered or enhanced biodegradation. This review discusses the potential of bioremediation as sustainable and environment-friendly tool to clean up post-consumer PET bottles that already accumulate on land, in soil, and in water bodies.
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Idowu, S. A., D. J. Arotupin, and S. O. Oladejo. "Plastic Pollution and Climate Change: Role of Bioremediation as a Tool to Achieving Sustainability." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 1–10. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42091-8_102-1.

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AbstractPollution from post-consumer plastics is a growing global environmental challenge whose negative impacts are exacerbating climate change. Plastics are stable, durable, and hydrophobic. They possess high molecular weight, complex three-dimensional structure, and are not readily available to be used as substrate by biological agents such as microorganisms and enzymes. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is one of the examples of petrochemical-based plastics. PET is a strong, clear, and light-weight plastic with global usage in the production of bottles. Technological innovation, policy formulation, advocacy and sensitization, change in consumption pattern, and bioremediation are some of the approaches that are currently being used to mitigate environmental pollution from post-consumer PET bottles. The ubiquitous property of microorganisms and their ability to survive in almost every environment, including very extreme ones, make them good candidate for biodegradation. Bioremediation is simply defined as engineered or enhanced biodegradation. This review discusses the potential of bioremediation as sustainable and environment-friendly tool to clean up post-consumer PET bottles that already accumulate on land, in soil, and in water bodies.
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Santoso, M. Iman, Djoko Santoso Abi Suroso, Muhammad S. Fitriyanto, Muhammad S. P. A. Suroso, Klaus Krumme, Ani Melkonyan-Gottschalk, and Bernd Noche. "Conceptual Design of Sustainable Governance by VIDEL (Virtual Dashboard of Environmentally Logistics-Port-City): A Case Study of Jakarta and Tanjung-Priok Port." In Environment & Policy, 487–506. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15904-6_25.

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AbstractThe dimensions of the triple bottom-line approach to sustainable development contain inherent conflicting goals in implementation. In cases of urban development around the world, this is exemplary for settings in major port cities. Here, mostly economically oriented infrastructure requirements of the ports meet more comprehensive concerns of sustainable urban development. There are incoherent governance systems: Ports are often involved in higher-level national planning hierarchies, while urban development is predominantly locally controlled. This is also the case in Jakarta Megapolitan with Tanjung Priok Port, Indonesia, the most prominent and still expanding national seaport. The port expansion is also aimed to be a significant hub in one of the world’s maritime axes, which refers to vast urban growth. However, the entire urban economic effects are uncertain, for example, concerning urban diseconomies of scale or rebound effects, such as traffic congestion, social segregation, conflicts, or the digital divide. Urbanization and the contemporary patterns of economic growth are drivers of environmental vulnerability of both parties. This study serves to overcome fragmented approaches by using a holistic, sustainable governance transition process for integrating urban and port-industry governance concepts. A novel online platform, VIDEL (Virtual Dashboard of Environmentally Logistics-Port-City), is designed as a smart system that engages all stakeholders. This platform binds the requirements and interests as well as harmonizing actors in the interactions of urban with port and industry to secure innovative and environmental-friendly way. It will become a digital control tower for sustainable governance system in a port-city.
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Jansson, Maria, and Louise Wallenberg. "Experiencing Male Dominance in Swedish Film Production." In Women in the International Film Industry, 163–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39070-9_10.

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Abstract Sweden has been hailed for its recent success in increasing the number of female directors, scriptwriters and producers. Published reports, panel discussions and a vast number of press conferences on the pressing matter of gender equality within the industry together with a 5050 quota have all put the Swedish film industry—and its CEO Anna Serner—on the map. However, the last couple of years has disclosed several scandals regarding sexism and discrimination in the Swedish film industry—just as in other national film industries. This paper sets out to discuss how female film workers (e.g., directors, actors and producers) understand and negotiate their experiences of male dominance within their work context. Based on a series of interviews with women working in Swedish film from the early 1960s until today, we analyze similarities and differences in experiences as well as how these experiences are explained by the interviewees. Their stories are analyzed by using feminist institutional theory to understand how policy, funding schemes and other institutional aspects are intertwined with their experiences. The paper sets out to analyze three themes: (1) comments and suggestions during production and post-production regarding female protagonists; (2) experience of gender trouble in the process of fundraising; and (3) strategies used by the interviewed filmmakers to produce a more women-friendly environment during productions.
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Widjaja, Fitri Novika, Kevin, and Veny Megawati. "The Influence of Environment Concern, Norm Description, Service Satisfaction on Behavioral Intention of Suroboyo Bus Passengers in Surabaya." In Proceedings of the 19th International Symposium on Management (INSYMA 2022), 1056–66. Dordrecht: Atlantis Press International BV, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-008-4_131.

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AbstractSurabaya is a densely populated city because it is a business and industrial center with an increasing demand for transportation. Currently, the use of private vehicles is more than public transportation. However, Surabaya has a City Bus service is known as the Suroboyo Bus, an environmentally friendly payment concept by exchanging used plastic bottles. To assess behavioral intentions of using public transportation, this study used an integrative model based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), service satisfaction, and environmental concern. A total of 150 completed questionnaires were collected from Surabaya residents who had used public transportation in the previous year for this study. The results of this study reveal that behavioral intentions in using the Suroboyo Bus are influenced by perceived behavioral control, subjective norms, and descriptive norms. Through perceived behavioral control and personal norms, environmental concerns indirectly influence behavioral intentions, bolstering the TPB model. This demonstrates the suitability of this TPB-based integrative model, while customer satisfaction is also a key factor in switching from a private vehicle to a public bus system, particularly with the Suroboyo Bus’s unique environmentally friendly payment system. Theoretical and policy implications are discussed, as well as research ideas for the future.
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Asogwa, Benjamin Chijioke, Joseph Chinedu Umeh, and Simon Terhemba Penda. "Evaluating Gains of Friendly Policy Environment in India." In Advances in Electronic Government, Digital Divide, and Regional Development, 218–29. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-4639-1.ch017.

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The purpose of this chapter is to evaluate the gains of friendly policy environment in the cassava sub-sector among cassava farmers in Nigeria using farm-level data collected from randomly sampled 360 cassava farmers in Benue State. The study showed that the policy intervention, which opened up a lot of marketing opportunities for increased income in the cassava industry, encouraged the cassava farmers to diversify into value addition in their cassava business for increased income generation. It also encouraged increased adoption of improved processing machines/equipment at the farm level and increased accessibility to markets. Policies that would guarantee provision of adequate modern production resources to the cassava farmers are strongly advocated. Policies that would ensure that adequate farm and market information are made available to the rural farmers to make them abreast of current agricultural innovations and have access to much better market opportunities should be sufficiently reinforced.
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Colander, David, and Roland Kupers. "Laissez-Faire Activism." In Complexity and the Art of Public Policy. Princeton University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691169132.003.0012.

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This chapter reconsiders the structure and governance issues of corporations and enterprises more generally as a concrete example of how a complexity approach changes the way we think about policy. It shows how a small change in the ecostructure, especially when applied at the formative embryonic stage of emerging institutions, can fundamentally change society from the bottom up, without massive state intervention. It argues that over time in some important sectors of the economy where social goals are important, existing for-profit and nonprofit enterprises can be replaced by socially friendly for-benefit enterprises, which are designed to allow social goals to be achieved in a sustainable way from the bottom up. The goal of the policy being advocated is to encourage the development of an institutional environment that is friendly to bottom-up policy solutions so that new socially focused enterprises can emerge and develop.
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Conference papers on the topic "Environment-friendly policy"

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Dokmanović, Mirjana. "On Significance of Strengthening Strategic Framework of Rural Women’s Entrepreneurship in Serbia." In 7th International Scientific Conference ERAZ - Knowledge Based Sustainable Development. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eraz.2021.309.

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Despite progress in supporting the economic empowerment of women, the environment in Serbia is still not friendly for female entre­preneurs. This is particularly cased in rural areas, where women face more prominent obstacles such as pronounced gender roles, stereotypes and gen­der-based property inequalities. This paper aims to indicate the significance of having efficient policies in this area. They are beneficial not only for rural women but also for economic growth, decreasing poverty, holding up the depopulation trend and revival of underdeveloped municipalities. Gender analysis of the relevant strategies (agriculture and rural development, em­ployment, development of digital skills and smart specialization) shows that they are not sufficiently or not at all gender sensitive, and do not address the specific position and vulnerability of rural women. This may be eliminated by using gender analysis and gender impact assessment in the process of designing strategies. Creating a business-friendly environment also needs implementing complementary policies in other sectors, such as fiscal policy, health care, infrastructure and transportation.
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Lutovac Đaković, Milena. "Industrial Policy as a Precondition for Dynamic and Sustainable Development of Serbia." In Seventh International Scientific-Business Conference LIMEN Leadership, Innovation, Management and Economics: Integrated Politics of Research. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/limen.2021.53.

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Industrial policy refers to the policy of industrial development, where the term “industry” encompasses the organization and strategic man­agement of human and material resources. The aim of this policy is primarily to stimulate and secure the tracking of structural adjustments and restruc­turing of companies in order to empower them to grasp the changes within the business environment and to face the economic challenges and increased competition on a global scale. Inclusive and sustainable industrial develop­ment means that all parts of society have equal benefits from industrial pro­gress, which, in addition, enables the satisfaction of basic social and human needs. Such industrial development enables a continuous increase in the living standard for all people and new technological solutions for environ­mentally friendly industrialization. Successful implementation of inclusive and sustainable industrial development in the age of globalization requires approaches that use globally available knowledge, technology, innovation and capital. The determination of the Republic of Serbia to join the EU entails the obligation to respect inclusive and sustainable industrial development. In order to achieve sustainable industrial development in the Republic of Serbia, it is necessary to promote the circular economy and educate business entities. Business entities must be introduced to the importance of more effi­cient use of material resources and possible savings in industrial processes, through the organization of promotional and educational gatherings and the use of services of centers that are active in this sector.
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Zhao, Yan, Fuqiang Zhang, Chunhua Sun, Yang Liu, and Haijiang Song. "Design of Manual Oven With Forward and Reverse Staged Combustion Way and Exchange Filter." In ASME 2017 Power Conference Joint With ICOPE-17 collocated with the ASME 2017 11th International Conference on Energy Sustainability, the ASME 2017 15th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology, and the ASME 2017 Nuclear Forum. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power-icope2017-3014.

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The paper introduces four kinds of new combustion ways, namely reverse combustion, open fire counter burning, double layers and two-way combustion, forward and reverse combustion, to solve the environmental pollution of manual coal-fired oven in China from the aspect of the combustion technology. And it also designs the environment-friendly structure of the manual oven with the forward and reverse staged combustion and exchange filter via the coal seam staged combustion and exchange filtration technology on the basis of the forward and reverse combustion ways, and proposes specific measures from the prospective of policy, which have provided new technology to solve the environmental pollution of the manual coal-fired oven.
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Hasdemir, Mehmet, and Füsun Zehra Özkan. "Agricultural Certification Programs Implemented inTurkey and the Extent of their Contributions to Environmental Sustainability." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c07.01772.

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The negative impacts of global-scale developments and consumption habits on the environment are increasing each day. In this context, studies are conducted worldwide by many institutions and non-governmental organizations to support environmental policies. Additionally, certification programs are being executed by conformity assessment bodies to mitigate the impacts of production processes on the environment. These management systems or certification programs are either used on a voluntary basis or made mandatory by company policy, national or international regulations. The certification programs were firstly started to be used in industry and service sectors and are currently being used in agriculture sector. The certification programs used in agriculture sector aim to ensure an environmentally-friendly agricultural production process and improve consumer trust and satisfaction. This study aims to address the extent to which implementation of ISO/IEC 17065 Standard based organic and good agricultural practices and GLOBALG.A.P. certification programs and ISO 14001 Management System Standard have contributed to environmental sustainability in Turkey.
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Diaz, Suhail, Nasser Al Hammadi, Shashi Prakash, Joshva Martto, and Omar Baobaid. "Policy Incentives to Scale up Green Energy Supply." In ADIPEC. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/210823-ms.

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Abstract Satisfying the rising energy demands across the globe and limiting the environmental impact are two intertwining issues affecting stakeholders in the 21st century. This resulted in many policy incentives to promote eco-friendly green energy utilization together with other conservation measures. In this regard, the objective of the study is to investigate the introduction of business decisions that enhance the likelihood of companies adopting green energy sources, leading to reduced carbon emissions. It also intends to investigate various decarbonization strategies, which may have implications for profitability. Ultimately, it aims to underscore environmental preservation as a critical aspect of sustainable business practice. The methodology entails an analysis of existing literature focusing on green energy policies and measures for the promotion of green energy. The study uses the survey method to investigate articles and perspectives related to the subject in the UAE. Observations will be made to determine the most effective policy and regulatory direction in areas of green energy and sustainability. Similarly, the process entails an examination of how to design a green energy policy with economic and environmental factors in mind and, through the analysis, the methods include an evaluation of different incentives. The study underscored the importance of establishing energy policies and putting in place incentives for stakeholders, including businesses and end-users to embrace green energy production, supply, and usage. Key incentives identified include favorable government policies, rising costs of fossil fuels, and the need to reduce emissions levels globally. Notably, despite the high initial cost of green energy, the investigation noted substantial future financial savings along with protecting the environment and introducing the social cost of carbon (SCC) in the analysis. Therefore, standardization of green energy costs would contribute to the adoption of green energy sources. Above all, the rising cost of conventional energy makes it imperative for governments and organizations to adopt green energy. Despite many studies on green energy, this paper presents novel ideas as it focuses on incentives for production costs. It outlines how to lower the cost of producing green energy to the same standard as conventional sources increasing its capacity compared with historical patterns. The incentives under discussion also underscore energy efficiency by making it a cheaper and cost-competitive alternative, and technology comes out as a crucial ground leveler in achieving cost-effectiveness and efficiency. For example, improvement of storage would be vital in storing power for extended periods once harnessed or fuel transitioning in transportation. Overall, government incentives and interventions in areas of funding, research, and development would mitigate existing challenges and contribute to the long-term development of green energy.
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Ibrahim, Mohamed Isse. "Foreign Direct Investment as an Important Source of External Development Financing: New Evidence in Turkey." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c11.02247.

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Foreign direct investment is a critical source of external instruments for financing development for Turkey, FDI can contribute to technology diffusion, Economic growth, Employment generation and Sustainable development. However; the Objective of this research is to examine whether foreign direct investment as an external source of financing effects economic growth in Turkey, based on time series data from 2003 to 2016 during the Erdoğan administration. This study employed Harrod-domar growth model using under OLS method. The paper considerate main variables foreign direct investment, Exchange rate and labor force. Based on empirically investigated the study confirmed that foreign direct investment and Labor force has a positive significant relationship to economic growth in Turkey while exchange rate has a negative significant relationship to economic growth in Turkey. So this paper recommends that movement of Turkey should promote policies encourage and creation of a good microeconomic and macroeconomic a friendly environment and utilization of the careful of loose monetary policy to economic performance.
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Yuan, Chengyin, and Placid Ferreira. "An Integrated Environment for the Design and Control of Deadlock-Free Flexible Manufacturing Cells." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-61213.

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At the enterprise level, manufacturing organizations are faced with accelerating technological cycles, global competition and an increasingly mobile work force. The flexibility of the enterprise and its ability to respond to various customer demands governs the competitiveness of the enterprise to the changes in its market and in the society in which it operates. It has been recognized for many years that flexibility on the enterprise floor can always be achieved if the resulting cost of product and process changeovers and its operations are not considered. However, with the increasing competitive pressures on today’s manufacturing enterprise, a flexible-manufacturing environment must be achieved at relatively low cost and high work-force productivity while maintaining a competitive advantage. To accomplish this goal, the manufacturing enterprise must be able to be reconfigured and verified with an increased level of automation that is scalable and flexible to meet diverse product demands quickly and economically. In this paper, we will introduce the recent research work on developing an integrated rapid prototyping environment, EMBench [22, 23], which can provide design, control configuration, simulation and deployment services for flexible manufacturing systems. This rapid prototyping environment has its own user-friendly GUI (Graphical User Interface) that allows user to issue various commands to the controller at different layers, from the simple joint servo to the complex manufacturing cell. In this paper, we also propose the implementation diagram for the controller of manufacturing cells that consists of scheduler, dispatcher, real-time database and structural control policy. All these internal components are responsible for storing system configuration, optimizing processing plan, releasing appropriate command, etc. We also present the idea of cell model and explore its characteristics and behaviors as well as the resource and workstation models. All above modules and architecture are developed using IEC-61499 function blocks that support scalable expansion and modular design. To demonstrate our theoretical achievements, we have developed various IEC-61499 function blocks to integrate various resources on the enterprise shop floor and achieve flexibility at a low cost. This software environment facilitates a modular, component-based mechanical and control design, simulating and prototyping tool for shop floor control.
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Colibaba, Anca cristina, Alois Ghergut, and Oana Mihoci. "TEACHING MANAGEMENT AND E-LEARNING TOOLS FOR COLLABORATIVE WORKING IN INCLUSIVE EDUCATION." In eLSE 2013. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-13-258.

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Collaborative working fosters interaction, improves the process of becoming familiar with pupils and has a strong socializing impact, especially in inclusive education. It appeals to tolerance towards different ways of thinking and feeling and it emphasizes the pupil's need in a friendly and supporting environment. Significant policy developments have taken place on an international basis to harness and adopt inclusive education however reforms in many areas are needed and this remains very challenging for many EU member states. The experience of latest years and the new concepts and policies related to integration, inclusion and diversity underpin the new equity-based approach to the educational system. The adoption of this new approach has, in most cases, become a new challenge for professionals in education. FIESTA project provides professionals in education with e-learning tools, training materials and resources in order to offer equal opportunities and respect fundamental rights to education for all children. This project supports educational stakeholders giving them the opportunity to collaborate and thus meet the individual needs of pupils. FIESTA recognizes the current difficulties & gaps facing EU countries in relation to inclusion, transition & collaborative working. Using an interactive approach, professionals will have the opportunity to learn through professional development resources. The project merges action research originating in teacher training colleges together with a methodology that facilitates teachers, therapists, learning support specialists and disabled students at key transition points in their school careers. This connected research and action perspective is an innovative application of integrated thinking and policy in transforming traditional schooling structures and systems to promote more advanced methods of integration and mutually beneficial learning.
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Kalenova, Saulesh, Rahman Alshanov, Ali Abishev, and Valentina Gerasimenko. "The Resource Potential of the Participating Countries of the Eurasian Economic Union." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c06.01243.

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Against the background of international openness and globalization of the world economy, it is very difficult to achieve higher competitiveness in the state without the support of friendly neighbors. In this age of competition of constructive ideas, high technologies, knowledge-intensive the problem of innovative development of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the context of the Eurasian Economic Union became central dominant of understanding the goals and methods of reforming the modern state economy. The main ambitious goal is a breakthrough of Kazakhstan in the 30 most competitive countries of the world. This goal promotes the development of a coherent policy of modern developments management and the formation of a national innovation system with effective mechanisms of interaction between government, business and science in the context of the EEU. Kazakhstan tries to integrate experience of developed countries into this process. These countries began their journey to progress from the unification into regional economic alliances. The article analyzes the integration processes and actions of economic activity of participating countries of the Eurasian Economic Union in the new environment. It also examines contemporary processes of globalization and the necessity of creating an economic union, particular features of the regional economic communities. The article includes materials of the Eurasian Economic Union historical background. There was conducted analysis of integration processes development in the economic environment on the example of post-Soviet states joined in the Eurasian Economic Union.
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Yılmazcan, Dilek, and Cansu Dağ. "Financial Regulations in the Field of Energy Policies." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c10.02036.

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Goals set by governments in energy field can be various. However, financial regulations can also vary depending on geopolitical location, sources, economical structure and other prioritized policies of the countries. Modern energy policies basically prioritize energy safety, efficiency, diversity and their environment-friendly features. In this study, financial regulations in the field of energy at world will be analyzed and the impact of financial regulations will be ascertained. Energy end-user price is calculated by taking taxes, CO2 emission pricing and subsidies into account. CO2 emission pricing resulting from emission top level and trade or carbon taxes affects investment decisions in energy industry by changing the costs of other competitive sources. In addition to this, major types of energy subsidies are fossil source subsidies and renewable energy subsidies. Financial policy tools in EU can be listed as energy taxation, EU emission trade system and incentives for renewable energy. Legal regulations affecting energy field in Turkey can be examined in three categories; energy taxation, tax expenditures and support mechanisms. Tax expenditures and support mechanisms covering tax exemption, exception, reduction and similar practices in energy field are provided to both producers and consumers. As a result, activating energy policies depends on decisions of many industries and individuals especially in transportation, industry and residence. These regulations mentioned in this study will be the most important tool in guiding rational preferences of the agents on generation, distribution, consumption and savings, if they are planned according to energy policies.
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Reports on the topic "Environment-friendly policy"

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Nishiura, Sadatsugu. Working Paper PUEAA No. 4. Tama New Town Revitalization Policy and its Major Projects. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Programa Universitario de Estudios sobre Asia y África, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/pueaa.002r.2022.

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In the period after the Second World War, the phenomenon of migration from rural to urban areas increased dramatically, this posed a new series of challenges for cities that saw their infrastructure and their space taken to the limit. But now the new Japanese urban developments seek to reverse this by making cities more friendly places for both the individual and the environment. Taking into consideration both socioeconomic and environmental factors, these new projects seek to create coexistence and co-development that improves the quality of life in cities from their very design, as a way to help combat social inequalities, but also to help the cities’ sustainability.
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Artana, Daniel, Cynthia Moskovits, Jorge Puig, and Ivana Templado. Fiscal Rules and the Behavior of Public Investment in Latin America and the Caribbean: Towards Growth-Friendly Fiscal Policy?: The case of Argentina. Inter-American Development Bank, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003057.

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This paper analyzes the implementation of Fiscal Rules (FR) in Argentina. Several clear attempts to establish a FR at the national level are identified. The analysis suggests that the environment matters. The only FR that was binding in the period was approved in 2004 during an economic boom, with the country under a program with the IMF and with high political support. During the world financial crisis the expenditure ceilings were relaxed, however, and current primary expenditures soared. Simulations show that a countercyclical fund could have been implemented even after reducing highly distorting taxes at the federal and provincial levels, and at the same time securing a high level of capital expenditure as a share of GDP, had Argentina complied with the 2004 FR. Moreover, an econometric exploration of the link between flexible FRs and public investment finds that a flexible FR helps to mitigate the negative effects of fiscal consolidations on provincial public investment. Based on the previous analysis, guidelines for a proposal for a FR in Argentina are provided.
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