Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Entreprises – Innovation – France'
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Galia, Fabrice. "Compétences des entreprises, gestion des ressources humaines et innovation." Paris 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA020070.
Full textChemo, Dzukou Kevin Randy. "Innovation produit et performance des entreprises dans l'industrie laitière française." Thesis, Nantes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NANT3007.
Full textThe process of firm growth – in terms of productivity or export performance – is a major concern for policy makers. In this context, innovations play a crucial role in stimulating firm performance. This thesis empirically studies the impact of "product" innovation (as distinct from "process" innovation) on the performance of firms. The literature review presented in Chapter 2 describes the mechanisms that govern the relationship between innovation and productivity and the relationship between innovation and firms’ export behaviour. Chapter 3 presents a description of the notion of innovation and its measurement in the economic literature. We present Global New Product Database (GNPD), the database we use to construct an innovation database. Chapter 4 estimates the effect of the innovation produced on the export behaviour of French dairy firms. We show that the introduction of a new product has a positive impact not only on the prices offered by the company but also on their demand. Chapter 5 examines the role of product innovation in the learning by exporting process. We show that exports strengthen the innovative capacity of firm, which in turn increases the productivity of firms. Chapter 6 deals with the persistence of product innovation in the French dairy industry. We show that the firms that are most likely to innovate are those that innovated the previous year. Thus, this thesis show, thanks to a new measure of product innovation, that it allows companies to export, increase their productivity and remain innovative
Boubaker, Wided. "Eco-innovation, Performance environnementale et impact économique sur les entreprises : étude de cas des groupes Papetiers présents en France." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Nice, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NICE0048.
Full textThis thesis seeks to demonstrate that improved Environmental Performance (EP), through the implementation of eco-innovative initiatives , positively influences Financial Performance ( FP) of a company. As basic hypothesis, we chose that of Porter ( 1991), which emphasizes the benefits of implementing environmental strategies respecting the principle of sustainable development. This hypothesis is totally opposed to the neoclassical vision that considers the costs of environmental protection as additional and excessive costs that may hamper the company's economic development. To validate our research hypothesis , we chose to test econometrically , through the method of linear regression, the relationship between EP and FP choosing as EP indicators, environmental investments and expenses (IE), the percentage of certified fiber (CF) and the "Sustainable Value"Environment indexes, relative to each of the environmental resources. These indexes are calculated using the approach "Sustainable Value" destined to evaluate the corporate sustainability and who represents an application of reasoning of classical financial analysis to environmental resources. We chose to conduct this study in a static and dynamic perspectives in order to assess the effects of EP on FP in a short and a medium term, through the evaluation of both the current effect and the one and two years delayed effect of the EP in FP. The results thus released from the econometric study provided a validation of our main research hypothesis , stating that a good EP influence positively the FP and the profitability of the Company.We note that the environmental initiatives are profitable since the first year of their implementation, except that the intensity of this profit varies according to the nature of Eco-innovation (Eco-innovation product, Eco-innovation process) and according to the characteristics of each company
Cotte, Michel. "Innovation et transfert de technologies : le cas des entreprises de Marc Seguin, France, 1815-1835." Paris, EHESS, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995EHES0102.
Full textLatouche, Pascal. "L'adoption des dispositifs d'innovation ouverte : le cas des incubateurs corporate de startups au sein de grands groupes en France." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLE008.
Full textCorporate incubators (ICs) appear to be a very popular open innovation model in large groups. However, if large companies consider this model as a THE model to manage relationships with startups, almost none really knows how to implement, develop and pilot these structures, and failures are frequent. Our work echoes the difficulties large groups are facing when assembling these open innovation models. Our approach aims to better understand the actions and practices effectively implemented in large groups to encourage the adoption of this open innovation model. The originality of our approach is to consider the adoption of ICs through the prism of managerial innovations. We analyze, through a comparative case study of five ICs the similarities but also the differences between the diffusion processes of these managerial innovations in large companies in France. Our results illustrate the institutionalization process of a proto-institution i.e. ICs as emerging institutions, through an in-depth analysis of the practices implemented by those managers (and their teams) responsible for these structures
Boubaker, Wided. "Eco-innovation, Performance environnementale et impact économique sur les entreprises : étude de cas des groupes Papetiers présents en France." Thesis, Nice, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NICE0048/document.
Full textThis thesis seeks to demonstrate that improved Environmental Performance (EP), through the implementation of eco-innovative initiatives , positively influences Financial Performance ( FP) of a company. As basic hypothesis, we chose that of Porter ( 1991), which emphasizes the benefits of implementing environmental strategies respecting the principle of sustainable development. This hypothesis is totally opposed to the neoclassical vision that considers the costs of environmental protection as additional and excessive costs that may hamper the company's economic development. To validate our research hypothesis , we chose to test econometrically , through the method of linear regression, the relationship between EP and FP choosing as EP indicators, environmental investments and expenses (IE), the percentage of certified fiber (CF) and the "Sustainable Value"Environment indexes, relative to each of the environmental resources. These indexes are calculated using the approach "Sustainable Value" destined to evaluate the corporate sustainability and who represents an application of reasoning of classical financial analysis to environmental resources. We chose to conduct this study in a static and dynamic perspectives in order to assess the effects of EP on FP in a short and a medium term, through the evaluation of both the current effect and the one and two years delayed effect of the EP in FP. The results thus released from the econometric study provided a validation of our main research hypothesis , stating that a good EP influence positively the FP and the profitability of the Company.We note that the environmental initiatives are profitable since the first year of their implementation, except that the intensity of this profit varies according to the nature of Eco-innovation (Eco-innovation product, Eco-innovation process) and according to the characteristics of each company
Savignac, Frédérique. "Le financement des entreprises innovantes." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00140525.
Full textLe premier chapitre examine si les entreprises engagées dans des activités innovantes rencontrent des contraintes de financement qui leur sont spécifiques. Nous proposons un modèle structurel définissant la probabilité qu'une entreprise contracte de nouveaux emprunts bancaires. Les estimations menées à partir des données de la Centrale de Bilans de la Banque de France révèlent que les entreprises engagées dans des activités innovantes ont une probabilité plus faible de contracter de nouveaux emprunts bancaires, toutes choses égales par ailleurs, du fait d'un taux d'intérêt latent plus élevé et d'une sensibilité plus forte de ce taux au montant emprunté.
Le deuxième chapitre étudie l'impact des difficultés de financement sur le comportement innovant des entreprises à l'aide d'une mesure directe de la présence de contraintes financières fournie par l'enquête FIT (Sessi). En tenant compte de l'endogénéité de cet indicateur, nous trouvons que les entreprises souhaitant innover rencontrent des contraintes financières qui diminuent significativement la probabilité qu'elles le fassent effectivement.
Enfin, le troisième chapitre s'intéresse plus spécifiquement au mode de financement des projets innovants des jeunes entreprises innovantes. Il propose un modèle simple qui permet d'établir, en fonction des caractéristiques de l'entreprise et de son projet innovant, le mode de financement qui lui est adapté : prêts bancaires, apports de fonds propres du capital-risque ou financement interne. Le modèle est ensuite simulé à partir des informations empiriques disponibles.
Boufaden, Najoua. "Co-localisation, externalités de connaissance et innovation des entreprises : cas de la biotechnologie dans la région Ile-de-France." Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA111018.
Full textKedjar, Malia. "Essais sur les déterminants de l'éco-innovation : une application aux entreprises françaises." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMC020.
Full textThe main objective of this thesis is to study the factors that trigger the development of eco-innovations for the case of French firms. We have addressed this question in different contexts using original data. We contribute to the empirical literature by focusing on entrepreneurial and spatial aspects. The main results show that environmental policy instruments have a different impact on the types of eco-innovations (waste treatment, renewable energy and climate change mitigation technologies) and that eco-innovations are not always profitable for firms. Hence, it is essential to adjust public policy instruments in a way to improve the profitability of eco-innovations. After carrying out a survey on French start-ups, the results of the analysis have shown that there is a diversity of profiles of eco-innovators. Indeed, firms cluster into five main profiles and exhibit different eco-innovation drivers. We have shown empirically that the different categories of eco-innovators do not have the same difficulties in accessing funds. This led us to conclude that public policies must be designed taking into account the specificity of each profile. We have also shown that the recombination of environmental and non environmental technologies and environmental political support are the main factors explaining the location of eco-innovative firms. Moreover, by applying spatial econometrics we found that there is a clear spatial dependence on their creation while the impact of knowledge spillovers is quite local
Guerroud, Yassine. "Trois essais sur l'éco-innovation au niveau de l'entreprise : le cas français." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021COAZ0015.
Full textThe idea supported in the literature for a long time was that the regulatory framework had a negative impact on the activity of firms, as well as on their prosperity. Starting from the 1990s, this vision started to change progressively and was substituted by a new approach in which the conflict between economic and ecological performance should be approached differently. More concretely, political decisions and researchers' endeavours triggered this new approach according to which neither the regulatory framework nor the reduction of pollution should involve any economic activity harming. According to this context, firms should introduce environmental innovations or eco-innovations which are, as their name suggests, innovations with less environmental negative externalities. The content of this thesis sticks with this context and aims to bring in new elements to the debate, to deepen the extant analysis related to the questions of the introduction of eco-innovation at the firm level, as well as by highlighting the French context.The first chapter of this thesis presents a theoretical and conceptual literature review on eco-innovation. This review is based on a bench of contributions in the field and aims to underline the impact of eco-innovation on firm performance, as well as the different consequences related to its activity. This review suggests that the effects of the introduction of eco-innovation can be decomposed into two separate categories: the internal effects and the external effects. First, internal effects are mainly related to employment and to the ability of firms to create more jobs, also including qualitative substitution effects based on improved qualifications. Second, external effects are related to changes in relationships across firms while complying with the environmental regulation through the transformation of the supply chain. The objective of this chapter is to develop and explain these mechanisms alongside other aspects related to eco-innovation.The second chapter includes a theoretical and an empirical analysis on the determinants of eco-innovation based on French data. Literature on the question is generally quite scarce, particularly regarding France, and almost inexistent concerning eco-organisational and eco-marketing innovations.The analysis along this chapter aims to emphasise these points, in a context marked by an increasing adoption of eco-organisational and eco-marketing innovations by firms. Results reveal a great importance of firm's reputation ahead of the introduction of all types of eco-innovation (product, process, organisation, and marketing), the importance of cost savings as well as the implementation of good environmental practices for the introduction of eco-organisational innovation, and the role of existing governmental aids and the contracts with customers for the introduction of eco-marketing innovation.Finally, the third chapter deals with the question of the impact of eco-innovation on firm growth, considering two growth indicators: employment and turnover, and analysing French data. After the presentation of a literature review, the empirical analysis is developed to analyse the impact of the introduction of eco-innovation (with no distinction in types), on both growth indicators previously explained. Following the very recent literature, multiple quantile regressions are performed given the non-linearity and the heterogeneity of firms' growth. Findings reveal a positive and significant relationship between eco-innovation and turnover growth of the top decile (10%) of the sample. Meanwhile, these results are not confirmed regarding eco-innovation and employment growth. Finally, other variables, namely patenting activity, research and development, and group ownership, are found to be important for firms' growth of the sample whatever the growth indicator used
Beaux-Laffon, Marie-Germaine. "Les entreprises en céramique des Fouque et Arnoux en Midi toulousain au XIXe siècle : innovation, rayonnement." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOU20073.
Full textAround 1800, Provencal potters Joseph-Jacques Fouque and Antoine Arnoux developed a «faïence anglaise» workshop in Toulouse. As a family unit they produced earthenware and terracotta. They employed hydraulic energy to mechanize production to an industrial level. From 1825 their earthenware carried prints and with local funds they founded an enterprise Fouque Arnoux et Cie in 1829 and built a new factory at St-Gaudens/Valentine to produce porcelain from Pyrenean kaolin. Léon Arnoux researched colors and kilns. The Fouques and Arnoux supplied the south of France and exported to the colonies. In parallel a decoration business and shop employed Toulouse artists and sold the latest offerings from Paris. The factory and this workshop won industrial exhibition medals in Paris and Toulouse. The 1846-1848 crises caused the downfall of the company with the closure and sale of the Toulouse properties. Léon Arnoux immigrated to England where he became Minton’s artistic director. In St-Gaudens/Valentine, production restarted with Henri Fouque who called on English capital which never arrived. The manufactory finally closed in 1878. These Provencal manufacturers by the transfer of their knowledge and craft to the Midi area gave Toulouse, more specifically in the second quarter of the XIXth Century, its industrial face and character, this enterprise taking its place among the other French earthenware and porcelain makers
Hamdi, Hassen. "Dispositif de veille technico-économique dédié aux TPE de Marseille Innovation, transposable aux TPE des pépinières industrielles." Aix-Marseille 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX32082.
Full textAt our present time, the information represents a strategic value and a significant proportion of users do not have the financial and human resources to assume this additional charge, and thus to have an edge on competitors. The approach of this thesis dissertation is mainly motivated bu the following observation: many professionals and researchers have found that business intelligence is neglected in SMES. The goal of our research experience was to integrate this economic intelligence strategy within SMES of "Marseille Innovation", a leading business development center in the mediterranean region, and with some tunisians partners. This monitoring device consists of a set of free tools on the Internet, such like, (intelligent agent, intelligence software, metaserach,. . . ) and so forth. Our methodology is based upon an analysis of survey concerning a sample of SMES located in the business centers of Marseille Innovation (France) and ElGhazela (INSAT, Tunisia). Furthermore, a study of the feedback is performed. And all that allowed us to observe the real world needs and to interpret them based on different theorical approaches. Last but not least, our research project shows clearly that the scheme of business intelligence that we have adopted may be convenient to many companies that cannot afford the costs of the information in a very competitive environment where knowledge is very essential
Corolleur, Frédéric. "Innovation, institution et évolution des territoires." Grenoble 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE21006.
Full textThe thesis is about the evolution of SME's agglomeration. We focus on the innovation process of the firm. The theoretical tools are : the works of A. Marshall on evolution and industrial district, G. B. Richardson on co-operation and B. J. Loasby on economics knowledge. Our analysis is also based on the new spatial approaches of territory and proximity. We demonstrate that different combinations of organisational and institutional proximity imply first the differentiation of innovation process and secondly the ability of local actors to manage collectively the present and future issues. In this perspective, we have compared the evolution of an industrial district, the vallee de l'Arve in France, and a cluster of SME, the jura bernois in Switzerland
Sabbado, da Rosa Laura. "Le pôle de compétitivité Arve Industries : les effets sur la dynamique partenariale des PME locales." Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENG018/document.
Full textCompetitiveness clusters have been established since 2006 and represent a political initiative by the French government to aid businesses and regions and thus improve France’s position in the realm of international economic competition. The goal is to reinforce the industrial fabric in certain regions via a substantial injection of public funds invested in projects linked with innovation and internationalization of enterprises. This dissertation studies the impact of the creation of the “Arve Industries” competitiveness cluster and in particular, the degree of implication of local SMEs in this collective, innovating activity. From a theoretical stand point, we call upon approaches addressing territorial economies due to the intrinsically territorial nature of competitiveness clusters, as well as studies focusing on strategic networks. Harnessing these two perspectives, proximity is presented as an important factor at the root of cooperative interactions between the involved actors (businesses, laboratories and universities) in the technological field. From a technological stand point, this work combines a qualitative exploratory approach based on semi-directive interviews with 22 SME owners and 6 organizations that support local industry, and a quantitative approach based on 68 usable questionnaires. The nature of relationships between SMEs in competitiveness clusters are also studied in terms of cooperation, competition and knowledge sharing
Bleuel, Petra. "Suffit-il de s’inspirer du "modèle allemand" pour augmenter la performance des PME françaises ?" Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AZUR0038/document.
Full textFrench and German SME belong to a category of firms which stand out from an important heterogeneity. Due to the wide variety of companies which compose the category of SMES, an overall theoretical framework hasn’t been defined. These firms are not only distinguished from large companies by their small size but also by their greater flexibility and reactivity, their proximity to their customers and close localized links with suppliers etc. Additionally, there is also a difference between SMEs according to their home country. Several reports have highlighted the difference of French SMEs and those of the German Mittelstand. The latter would be larger in size, more innovative and more active internationally than their French counterparts. These reports also show that France could have superior performance in terms of growth, employment, competitiveness and international activities if we could generate a French Mittelstand supporting SMEs through targeted measures. Contrary to the idea we have of the German Mittelstand, it does not boil down to a category of companies identifiable by their size, but rather to a concept based on an entrepreneurial culture favored by the German ecosystem. Our analysis focuses first on these companies constituting the Mittelstand to highlight their characteristics and their differences compared to French SMEs.In a second step, our study focuses on the support that SMEs in both countries benefit and to what extent one could draw inspiration from the German support or model to increase the performance of French SMEs
Französische und deutsche KMU sind Teil eines Kontingents von Unternehmen, die sich durch eine große Heterogenität auszeichnen. Die Heterogenität der Unternehmen, aus denen die KMU-Kategorie besteht, ist der Hauptgrund, warum ein einziger theoretischer Rahmen, der sie betrifft, nicht definiert werden konnte. KMU unterscheiden sich von größeren Unternehmen nicht nur durch ihre geringere Größe, sondern auch durch ihre größere Flexibilität, ihre Reaktionsfähigkeit, ihre Nähe zu ihren Kunden und enge lokale Verbindungen zu ihren Lieferanten usw. Darüber hinaus stellt man Unterschiede unter KMU fest, die aus verschieden Herkunftsländern kommen. In mehreren Berichten wurde der Unterschied zwischen französischen und deutschen KMU hervorgehoben. Die letzteren seien größer, innovativer und aktiver als die französischen alter ego. Dieselben Berichte zeigen, dass Frankreich bessere Ergebnisse in Bezug auf Wachstum, Beschäftigung, Wettbewerbsfähigkeit und internationale Aktivitäten erzielen könnte, wenn es möglich wäre einen französischen Mittelstand hervorzubringen. Der deutsche Mittelstand ist nicht nur eine durch ihre Größe identifizierbare Kategorie von Unternehmen, sondern ein Konzept, das auf einer vom deutschen Ökosystem begünstigten Unternehmenskultur basiert. Unsere Analyse konzentriert sich zunächst auf die Merkmale, die französische KMU von denen des Mittelstands unterscheiden. Zweitens konzentriert sich unsere Studie auf die öffentliche Unterstützung, von der französische und deutsche KMU profitieren, und inwieweit man sich von der deutschen öffentlichen Unterstützung inspirieren lassen kann, um die Leistungsfähigkeit französischer KMU zu steigern
Liu, Zeting. "L’évolution des politiques du soutien l’innovation dans les PME en France : le cas de l'Anvar." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, CNAM, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CNAM0780.
Full textFrance, like other countries, seeks to promote its scientific excellence and to increase the competitiveness of its small and medium enterprises (SMEs) by taking full advantage of innovation to sustain economic growth and employment. In France as in other countries, there is no specific policy to support innovation in SMEs but both science and industrial research policies, especially for small businesses, and innovation policies, in which can be identified specific measures to promote technological development and innovation in SMEs. This study focuses on "how", in France, such public policies are defined and organized through different periods and it questions the effectiveness and impact of public interventions aimed at developing French SMEs’ innovation capacity. The study is divided in three parts, following a historical chronology corresponding to major stages of political evolution from the years 1960-1970 till now. These three analytical parts are enriched by a case analysis of the French National Agency for Valorisation of the Research (Anvar). At the end of this study, we suggest that France is now entering a critical phase in which structural reforms have to be undertaken in order to ensure French SMEs’ innovation and competitiveness
Colomes, Jérémie. "De la concertation à la co-construction, analyse des dispositifs de conception des politiques régionales d’économie sociale et solidaire." Thesis, Poitiers, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019POIT4002.
Full textThe cumulation of the SSE (2014) and NOTRe (2015) laws has significantly affected the production mechanism of public policies in the social solidarity economy (SSE). By creating a potentially co-constructed biennial EBS regional conference, the legislator has set up a space for expression around the design of public policies in the sector. By constraining the inclusion of the conclusions of this event in the design of the "ESS" part of the regional scheme of development of the economy, innovation and internationalization (SRDE2I), he reveals an interesting articulation between the two texts.The stakes of a co-construction – as such as a common, plural construction - of public policies are numerous. For the legislator, the goal is to answer to a lake of involvement from the citizens regarding politics. The problematic chosen by our statement is based on this approach, by investigating whether co-construction can involve the citizen better in the management of public affairs. Have local governments responded to the legislator's encouragement by co-constructing their conference? Has the SSE sector got mobilized? What does the legislator mean by co-construction? What was the interpretation of the Regions? For what result?Keywords: participative democracy; social and solidarity economy; democratic innovation; social innovation; regional policies
Barelli-Léonardelli, Aline. "Les P. M. E/P. M. I de la région Nord-Pas-De-Calais : Perspectices de pérennisation par des stratégies de développement et de communication." Lille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LIL12024.
Full textLiu, Zeting. "L’évolution des politiques du soutien l’innovation dans les PME en France : le cas de l'Anvar." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CNAM0780/document.
Full textFrance, like other countries, seeks to promote its scientific excellence and to increase the competitiveness of its small and medium enterprises (SMEs) by taking full advantage of innovation to sustain economic growth and employment. In France as in other countries, there is no specific policy to support innovation in SMEs but both science and industrial research policies, especially for small businesses, and innovation policies, in which can be identified specific measures to promote technological development and innovation in SMEs. This study focuses on "how", in France, such public policies are defined and organized through different periods and it questions the effectiveness and impact of public interventions aimed at developing French SMEs’ innovation capacity. The study is divided in three parts, following a historical chronology corresponding to major stages of political evolution from the years 1960-1970 till now. These three analytical parts are enriched by a case analysis of the French National Agency for Valorisation of the Research (Anvar). At the end of this study, we suggest that France is now entering a critical phase in which structural reforms have to be undertaken in order to ensure French SMEs’ innovation and competitiveness
Bachawaty, Eliana Al. "Innovation et compétences : une analyse du comportement innovant de la firme française." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU20098/document.
Full textInnovation has become a vital need for the firm to deal with a continuously changing environment. Evolutionary theory has emphasized the role of competences in firm analysis. Therefore, specific competences are essential for the fulfillment of firms’ innovation activities.According to evolutionary theory, internal competences are central to the firm. Though, they can be sometimes insufficient for it to innovate. Thus, innovation requires from the firm to look for complementary external competences to reinforce those existing internally.Besides the competences used in-house, competences can be acquired externally through freelancers or cooperative relationships. Basing on an evolutionary analytical framework enhanced with elements of competence-based view, the main body of this thesis analyses the behavior of French companies in terms of innovation. In other words, we seek to determine the factors increasing the innovation capacity of firms while stressing the influence of competences used in-house or acquired externally on the probability for firms to engage in innovation projects.Within this scope, we first invoke different approaches of innovation and then emphasize the importance of firm competences and its staff in addition to their participation into cooperative agreements for innovation. To finalize our interpretation, we conduct a descriptive analysis followed by a study based on the survey data of Innovation CIS 2010. The results show that the probability for firms to engage in innovation activities is affected by elements from the internal and external environment of the firm
Bouklia-Hassane, Riad. "Essai sur la productivité des inventeurs prolifiques, les capacités dynamiques des firmes et la spécialisation technologique des pays- Une comparaison France-Grande Bretagne." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO22013.
Full textAlthough creativity is at the heart of the innovation process, little attention has been paid to the individual dimension in the analysis of innovation activity. The purpose of this thesis is to study the role of individual inventors, particularly prolific inventors in building dynamic capabilities of firms and in the direction of technological specialization of countries. The empirical analysis that underlies this work refers to the French and British systems of innovation and to the characteristics of prolific inventors of these two countries. We perform, first, a statistical study of the main characteristics of French and British inventors. The study shows a strong heterogeneity of inventors. This heterogeneity cannot be reduced to their productivity in terms of patents but can be generalized to the inter-firm mobility of inventors and to the density of their collaboration network. Regarding the sources of this heterogeneity, in its dimension relative to the production of patents, our work, while confirming the main findings of the literature on the determinants of the productivity of inventors, shows that technological diversification and coherence of the knowledge base of inventors are also among the factors that explain the difference in the productivity of both French and British inventors. Having highlighted the heterogeneity of the individual dimension of innovation activity, we study the dependence between the individual dimension and the firm and country level of the innovation process. Our work demonstrates, in this regard, a significant effect of the presence of prolific inventors on the direction of technological specialization of both countries in terms of their sectorial revealed technological advantages. Furthermore, patent data of France and the UK reveal a strong relationship between the degree of prolificness in the dominant technological field of firms and their dynamic capabilities.Finally, by establishing the heterogeneity of individual inventors on the one hand and by highlighting a link between the individual dimension and firms and country levels in the innovative process on the other hand, our work provides some elements of a representation which considers individual dimension as a constitutive component of national innovation systems
Poulain, Jean Luc. "Penser l’entreprise et ses dirigeants : l’Entreprise familiale de Taille Intermédiaire (E.T.I.) : outil de pérennisation de l’emploi, et facteur de développement territorial (économique, social et culturel) : étude anthropo-sociologique des identités professionnelles et territoriales en Bretagne." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN20068.
Full textOur research is devoted mainly to family-owned medium-sized enterprises (MSEs) in Brittany. Working from the perspective of the sociology of professions, we met several heads of companies with between 250 and 5,000 employees. In doing so, we observed how this so-called “enterprise” concept, similar to that of “Mittelstands” in Germany, offers a better understanding of the key factors of success, based notably on human capital, innovation, and international growth beingabsolute priorities, with the business also retaining strong local roots. We interviewed company heads in the historical territory of Brittany, taken as a “social laboratory”, to acquire a better grasp of the sociological profile of family business leaders working in the following sectors: the food industry; food services; health; real estate; textiles; footwear; and transport. Taking as a starting-point various social, economic, and sociological issues affecting the world of work and employment, we also sought to shed light on global competition, in particular in the field of labour: this thesis aims to provide insights into a certain number of transformations, bearing in mind the assertion by a great many occupational sociologists that “unemployment is the root cause of social exclusion”
Hannachi, Yacine. "L’ impact du fonctionnement en entreprise apprenante sur la performance des innovations des produits : le cas des entreprises de biotechnologie en France." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014VERS023S.
Full textTo foster product innovation performance (PIP), some authors have called for directing firms towards learning organization (LO) culture. Despite the abundance of theoretical developments assuming the existence of positive relationships between LO and PIP, empirical studies on the subject remain scarce. This thesis seeks to fill these gaps in the literature by empirically assessing the impact LO culture has on PIP. We use structural equations modeling with partial least square (PLS) approach to test our research hypotheses on a sample of 100 biotechnology firms in France. The results show the validity of measurement scales of the LO and the PIP in the studied context. We also showed that the higher the level of learning organization, the greater the degree of product innovation performance. This result is particularly true for firms that are active in red biotechnology, with higher export intensity and operating in turbulent environments. We also confirmed that the capacity for organizational learning mediates the LO-PIP link. More specifically, the LO is an antecedent of organizational learning and this latter is an antecedent of the PIP. So a company that wishes to have successful innovations has interest in improving its learning process. This improvement is possible using the LO model especially since we have shown that more a company tend to adopt this model, it is more likely to generate double-loop learning, and it is more likely to have a balanced level of PIP
Batisse, Julien. "Responsabilité sociétale et ancrage territorial d'une entreprise de services urbains : le cas de Lyonnaise des Eaux." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BOR30049/document.
Full textIn a context of contemporary reflections on the sustainability of urban water utilities, we focus on Lyonnaise des Eaux’s corporate social responsibility strategy as a contribution to putting into words and implementing sustainable development in this sector. This work aims at analyzing on the one hand the causes, processes, goals of Lyonnaise des Eaux CSR strategy and understanding on the other hand the impact of these strategies on the company’s territorial embeddedness. CSR's territorial impetus is expressed via a global-local interaction process leading to the regionalization of Lyonnaise des Eaux CSR strategy and, its local embodiment through sustainable development projects. Based on the example of water management in the Bordeaux metropolis, we have studied and conducted two sustainable development projects within the company, one focused on water poverty management and the other focused on sustainable management of domestic water consumption. Exploring the feasibility conditions of these CSR projects highlights the opportunities for the company to meet the challenges of the territory by limiting the impact associated with its business or generate specific resources necessary for its integration into local innovation systems. The territorial approach of corporate responsibility strategy shows that it also appears as a negotiated interface used by Lyonnaise des Eaux for its adaptation and action at different scales
Fotso, Ruben. "Evaluation quantitative des politiques d'innovation fondées sur les relations science-industrie : cas des instituts de recherche technologique rhônalpins." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSES037.
Full textThis thesis aims to evaluate and analyse the direct and indirect effects of the Rhône-Alpes Technological Research Institutes (IRTs), which are one of the innovation policy devices based on science-industry transfers, created in France as pait of the Future Investment Programme. By applying a difference-in-difference model combined with matching methods, the results show a direct positive effect on turnover and financial autonomy and indicate that this effect varies according to the duration of participation and the type of assistance received. In addition, the type of assistance would play a more important role than the duration of treatment in the effectiveness of TRis. The results also indicate that the TRI had positive indirect effects on turnover, financial autonomy and the share of executives of non-directly beneficiary SMEs but located in the treated area and that these effects do not appear immediately after the treatment but a few years later. In addition, this research work assesses and analyses the direct effects of TRis by focusing on the R&D performance of large companies. Using the random trend model and the synthetic control model, the results of the first model indicate that participation in TRis has had an additional direct effect on total net R&D expenditures and that these expenditures are largely self-financed and used outside the company through collaborations and outsourcing. The results of the second model show that a single company has almost systematic effects on all R&D performance indicators
Dufour, Fanny. "Approche dynamique de l'intelligence économique en entreprise : apports d'un modèle psychologique des compétences : Contribution à l‘élaboration de programmes d‘actions de la CCI de Rennes." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00551654.
Full textIbrahim, Rym. "Soutenir l'innovation par l'organisation d'actions collectives...ou comment nourrir les capacités d'agir entrepreneuriales de dirigeants d'entreprises : le cas des opérateurs de services à domicile en région PACA." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0594.
Full textOur research aims to identify, for the PSP PACA our socio-economic partner, the possible ways to support the innovation activity of its members and the home-care services field players. Firstly, based on an expanded literature review, we built a theoretical model of analysis allowing us to highlight all the cognitive, political, constructive and productive fundamental activities in the implementation of entrepreneurial projects intended to transform or strengthen a field. Thus, we rely on a project-based view literature and on three sets of literature on the appropriation of human artefacts. Secondly, we mobilized this model of analysis in the in-depth reading of two cases of projects carried out by the PSP PACA, setting up collective actions. Mobilizing this analytical model allowed us to examine the different ways (organization, collective animation and individual support) by which the PSP team carried out theses collective actions, and their subsequent impact on the activities. It also allowed us to identify, in context, the elements that were appropriated or adopted by the participants while conducting their own projects. We then highlighted a certain number of methodological levers, on which the team of the cluster can rely to optimize - according to its aims and its orientations - the organization and the animation of such collective actions. We articulated these levers according to four different modalities in order to facilitate their mobilization by participants or project carriers. These results then led us to put forward three main axes of theoretical discussion
Bazot, Guillaume. "Financement relationnel et développement local : l'expérience française de la Belle Époque (1880-1914)." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0107.
Full textThis dissertation inquires the French banking system of the Belle Epoque. Based on microeconomics of banking literature we show that local banking institutions have a critical impact on economic development as far as quantitative information is not avail able in the given environment. In this respect, regard to the French economic system of that time, the ability to manage private information gives comparative advantage to small (local) banks to finance small and medium enterprises investment and innovative projects. Likewise, the Banque de France's regional policy improves le access to credit and allows short term capital market integration. Proximity with local banks is then the turning point of the Banque de France's local policy success
Ibrahim, Rym. "Soutenir l'innovation par l'organisation d'actions collectives...ou comment nourrir les capacités d'agir entrepreneuriales de dirigeants d'entreprises : le cas des opérateurs de services à domicile en région PACA." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0594.
Full textOur research aims to identify, for the PSP PACA our socio-economic partner, the possible ways to support the innovation activity of its members and the home-care services field players. Firstly, based on an expanded literature review, we built a theoretical model of analysis allowing us to highlight all the cognitive, political, constructive and productive fundamental activities in the implementation of entrepreneurial projects intended to transform or strengthen a field. Thus, we rely on a project-based view literature and on three sets of literature on the appropriation of human artefacts. Secondly, we mobilized this model of analysis in the in-depth reading of two cases of projects carried out by the PSP PACA, setting up collective actions. Mobilizing this analytical model allowed us to examine the different ways (organization, collective animation and individual support) by which the PSP team carried out theses collective actions, and their subsequent impact on the activities. It also allowed us to identify, in context, the elements that were appropriated or adopted by the participants while conducting their own projects. We then highlighted a certain number of methodological levers, on which the team of the cluster can rely to optimize - according to its aims and its orientations - the organization and the animation of such collective actions. We articulated these levers according to four different modalities in order to facilitate their mobilization by participants or project carriers. These results then led us to put forward three main axes of theoretical discussion
Chebbi, Hela. "Le pilotage du processus intégré d'innovation de service au sein des multinationales : le cas France Télécom." Lyon 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LYO33004.
Full textA consensus exist around the importance of the integration of subsidiarie's knowledge to propose services with elevated technological components (SWETC) simultaneously on several overseas markets (Subramaniam, 2006). The steady thesis is that this iniative joins within a transnational strategy based on an integrated process of innovation. We led a longitudinal empirical investigation ( two years) within the multinational France Telecom. The discussion of the results shows that the conduction of such process requires taking into account three different factors : the organizational strategy, the strategy of service innovation and the international strategy. For the first one, a hybrid organizational configuration, such as the " adhocratic with linked products” seems to be more adapted for multinationals. For the innovation strategy, the involvement of subsidiaries from the beginning of the process is necessary. To propose multi-country services, the mobilization and opérationnalisation activities deserve to be collectively led by the headquarters and subsidiaries. In this frame, four types of local knowledge can be integrated : needs, constraints, results and commercial knowledge. Both first ones join a context of exchange ( additive complementarity). The third type is essentially transferred in a frame of collaboration (sequential complementarity). Finally, the analysis testifies of the utility to implement a different international strategy as the transfer of knowledge joins a context of exchange or collaboration. This descriptive stage was completed by a crossed analysis of the obtained results. A "framework", based on a set of propositions (six epistemic, thirteen theoritical and twenty operational), will drive the strategists and the managers of multinationals in the management of the innovation process
Afa, Najib. "La capacité à innover dans la PME : le rôle de l'accompagnement." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CNAM1121.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to the study of entrepreneurial support in a perspective of innovation. It implements an empirical research through the combination of both qualitative and quantitative approaches, allowing to explore the contribution of the entrepreneurial support from a perspective of innovation.A theoretical analysis of main concepts in the field of innovation and entrepreneurial support, allows to highlight a conceptual framework adapted to study the SMS’s entrepreneurial support in order to innovate.This research aims to study the entrepreneurial support practices which may have an impact on the success of the leader for the creation of an innovative project phase. To do this, we have adopted a process that combines two complementary approaches. A qualitative study, which aimed to explore the forms and practices of support mobilized in a process of identification and exploitation of entrepreneurial opportunities, as well as the personal perceptions of successful leaders. The quantitative study was conducted among two hundred leaders installed in the Lorraine region, including the Regional Actions device for the New Development Activities (ARDAN). Among our key findings, human capital determines the success of innovative projects, but does not fully explain. Our research has also demonstrated that social capital is a practical support to improve the chances of developing innovative projects
Gharbi, Fessi Amel. "Analyse de la survie des entreprises : une approche par les modèles de durée." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010025.
Full textMar, Modou. "Macro and micro impacts evaluation of public innovation policies : evidence from European regions and French firms." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAE003/document.
Full textThis thesis aims at measuring the effects of innovation policies. It first focuses on the effects of the European Union (EU) policy titled Framework Programmes for Research and Development (FPs) on the regional innovation of the EU 27 countries. Thereafter, it brings a deep analysis of the effects of the French Competitiveness Clusters policy on firms’ innovation process and on their performances.The originality of the thesis lies in the mobilization of innovative macro and micro-econometric techniques to evaluate public policies. The results of this work will inform the role and effectiveness of the Framework Programmes for Research and Development in regional innovation dynamics, but also the effectiveness of the Competitiveness Clusters policy on French firms’ performances in terms of innovation, incentives for private investments, job creation and market competitiveness
Boubaker, Bessem. "Coevolution des TIC et de l'organisation dans les entreprises hôtelières en France." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008VERS018S.
Full textThe objective of this research is to study the relation between the technological and organisational changes in the French hotel company’s cases. The approach underlines the displacement of the deterministic relations between Technology and Organization towards a relation of mutual influence. The main question concerns the study of the joint evolution of the IT and the organization in the hotel companies, by bringing to light the role of their human resources. These last ones indeed present specificities in terms of skills and qualifications which could be at the origin of the mutual influence between Organization and Technology. The empirical approach of collection and analysis of the data is qualitative, namely through an in-depth study inside the Accor Company in France
Gassama, Arame Ndoye. "Les sources d'avantages concurrentiels apportées aux entreprises par les pôles de compétitivité." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010050.
Full textThinon, Romain. "Un "îlot brassicole" : brasseurs et brasseries à Lyon et dans le Rhône (fin XVIIIe siècle - 1914)." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2036/document.
Full textIn France, the nineteenth century is the age of beer: in a hundred years, annual production and consumption grow from less than three to more than fifteen million hectolitres. Thanks to its advantageous commercial position and the quality of its waters, Lyon occupies a unique place in this developing mass-market. Calling presumed alimentary boundaries into question, the city distinguishes itself as soon as the end of the Ancien Régime through a wide use of the hoppy beverage and the making of a product with specific organoleptic qualities being exported to the southeast quarter of the country. Skilfully maintained, this original situation turns Lyon into one of the main French beer production centres of the first half of the century. Things change with the advent of the Second Empire. New drinking trends and habits, birth of a European then worldwide consumption market and substantial scientific and technical improvements combine themselves to change the activity into a definite way. Thus, the Rhône brewing sector, leaded by Lyon’s breweries and initially made of numerous and small short-lived handcraft production units selling locally only, becomes in a few decades an industry operating towards foreign markets and formed by a handful of big factories gathering workforce, capitals and market share. Regulatory framework itself (professional legislation or insalubrity control) and fiscal politics on national and municipal scales contribute also to the transition. Since they have to adapt their manufacturing and formation processes, as well as supplying and selling strategies, the redefinition of urban and commercial logics has a direct impact on brewers’ practices: in a wider sense, it is the organization of the beer sector which progressively reveals itself. However, it would be untrue to see these businessmen as powerless victims of an uncontrolled process. More than spectators, they are actors of a protean revolution. The prosopographical study of 337 careers considered in their individual and collective dimensions prove the plurality of fortunes: while the model of the small business allows audacious craftsmen whatever their professional and geographical origins (many of them come from Alsace and Germany) to succeed by highlighting their work and satisfying their ambitions, the industrial model is more selective. In the medium term, only a few businessmen will survive, their smaller colleagues and competitors suffering the joint effects of economic conjuncture, market rationalization and family tragedies. At the edge of World War One, six breweries are still in operation: having proven its early adaptation ability by modifying its structure in order to assimilate the productivist modernization, the Rhône brewing sector can be considered as an exception among the pre-industrial activities, a fortiori among those from the food-processing sector
Maximin, Céline. "Stratégies d'innovation, capital humain et développement durable : Le cas des entreprises du secteur chimique en France." Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA010044.
Full textGazaniol, Alexandre. "L’ implantation à l’étranger des entreprises françaises : impact sur la production, l’emploi et l’innovation en France." Paris 9, 2012. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2012PA090022.
Full textThis thesis evaluates the impact of outward Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) on home production, employment and innovation, using French individual data. In the first chapter, we show that location choices of multinational firms depend on their export and/or import experience and the experience of affiliated firms. The second chapter assesses whether firms with international activities have a greater propensity to start investing in R&D, to become innovative firms and to enjoy productivity gains. The third chapter shows that outward FDI has a positive and significant effect on home production and employment, especially for firms which belong to a French business group. The final chapter shows that this positive effect not only concerns the parent company but also the whole domestic perimeter of manufacturing groups
Karray-Driss, Zouhour. "Coopération technologique des firmes et compétences pour innover : une modélisation des choix appliquée à l'industrie française." Toulouse 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOU10031.
Full textThe thesis shows that the engagement of a company in technological ccooperative agreement depends on its competences. It proposes to determine and to analyze the micro-foundations of the company engagement in technological cooperative relations. The objective is to exceed a primarily contractual logic in order to situate technological collaboration in a context of resources creation
Lefebvre, Philippe. "Formation des grandes entreprises & innovations dans les relations de travail : coordination hiérarchique, gestion de la main d'oeuvre, paternalisme (France, XIXe)." Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040125.
Full textJumel, Sébastien. "Le corporate venture ou l'externalisation de l'innovation dans un grand groupe industriel : le cas d'EDF." Université de Marne-la-Vallée, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MARN0189.
Full textShiri, Ghasem Ali. "La structure des activités innovatrices dans le secteur manufacturier français : une vision entrepreneuriale." Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA010030.
Full textBrulois, Vincent. "Usages des systèmes mobiles en entreprise : enjeux communicationnels et organisationnels." Paris 13, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA131021.
Full textTrémoureux, Carl. "La Première Guerre mondiale, l'artillerie et l'industrialisation de la guerre." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUL059.
Full textBefore the outbreak of the militarily clash, the Artillery was equipped in accordance with a doctrine ill-suited to recent conflicts and technical possibilities. When the imagined short war turns into a long war offering the possibility of adapting armaments and requiring massive consumption of projectiles, the governance of the production function enters into crisis. A change in mental patterns is needed. The establishment of an Under-Secretary of State for Artillery and Ammunition is a first step in this transformation. Albert Thomas adapts the governance of the production function of artillery equipment by setting up a program of needs, manufacturing and production factors, an industrial policy, as well as steering and control instruments. This new governance constitutes the heart of the governmental activity of steering the war economy, but the latter is not limited to this: it also includes the administration of all the nation's resources, whether labour, raw materials, energy, transportation or innovation capabilities. In the context of wartime parliamentarianism, it can be said that the realization of the idea of an industrial war gradually leads the country to establish a new political and economic regime. In parallel with this evolution, companies are adapting their operating methods to produce in large series; Armies are industrializing their destruction, protection, logistics and force restoration functions
Didierlaurent, Sylvie. "L'influence des politiques de ressources humaines et de la structure organisationnelle sur l'activite innovatrice des industries de moyenne dimension." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997VERS1005.
Full textGinoux, Anne-Céline Guérin. "De l'identité d'entreprise à la gestion à la gestion de la marque, quelle déclinaison d'image adopter lors d'un rapprochement d' entreprises B to B : le cas de Soltim-Proval." Lyon 3, 2010. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/in/theses/2010_in_becuwe_a.pdf.
Full textSoltim-Proval, the french leader software maker for personal insurance, must accomplish the merger of the two companies and adopt a communication approach to establish the new entity’s fame and image for its target market. Soltim-Proval is set against several questions of communication concerning the concept of identities, brand, accompaniment of change, image and communications approach, to be able to act in consistency with its stakeholders’ speeches. In an evolving economic environment, the “know well” being as important as the ”know-how” for the B-to-B market and the reputation playing a business-critical part
Behaghel, Luc. "Le rôle de la demande de travail dans le faible emploi des travailleurs âgés en France : politiques publiques et pratiques des entreprises." Marne-la-Vallée, 2004. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01263886.
Full textCabannes, Pierre-Yves. "Dynamique de l'offre productive : diffusion technologique, jeunes entreprises, migrants." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0017.
Full textIn chapter 1, I develop a neo-schumpeterian model of technology diffusion, where the positive externality related to diffusion has a negative indirect effect, through the capital market equilibrium, wich decreases the probability to implement the best technologies. In the long run, there are four different growth regimes. In chapter 2, I study the relationships between technical progress, technology diffusion and education. I check the robustness of the results of Benhabib and Spiegel (2005). I get opposite results on technology diffusion but the effect of the level of education on TFP growth is still positive. In chapter 3, I study, in the case of France, the links between the initial size of a firm and its survival. The relation between initial employment and the hazard rate is new in the international litterature. In chapter 4, I evaluate the effect on firm life duration of a public subsidy, called "ACCRE". It is one year payroll exemption, given after a selection process. Taking into account this endogeneity, we get a non-significant causal effect of ACCRE. I chapter 5, I study the effect of international migrations on GDP per capita growth. The effect of net migration is better than the one of natural population growth, but its global impact is not significant. Finally, in chapter 6, I study differences about firms created in France according to the founder's nationality. I suggest a method to divide the difference between survival rates into a part related to observed explanatory variables and a part related to unobserved factors. The latter is dominating
Le, Loarne-Lemaire Séverine. "Les variables structurelles dans la formation des stratégies de convergence dans les télécommunication : une recherche action chez France Telecom." Lyon 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LYO33032.
Full textAt the beginning of this millennium, the technical convergence is about to born. Nevertheless, how this opportunity can be transformed into innovative services by a multidivisional group, competing within the telecommunication industry. More precisely, how can we develop strategies of innovation, whose implementation requires the cooperation between the divisions of the group? This research, conducted within France Telecom, leads to two main results: Cooperation between divisions to generate new offers is multiform: It involves different kinds of divisions (product divisions, R&D division and distribution divisions), different resources. It raises different assets and is limited by different brakes. The multidivisional structure of the group limits the implementation of some strategies of innovation. This limit can be broken thanks to the coordination between the top management, middle managers from the R&D division and the distribution divisions and staff members from the distribution divisions. The role of these three different actors differs from the nature of the strategy of innovation: autonomous or deliberate. This thesis concludes that the development of strategies of innovation within multidivisional groups, whose structure is similar to France Telecom's one, can be achieved if the relation between R&D and distribution divisions and products divisions changes
Glaisner, Johan. "Dynamiques d'innovation dans les PME moyenne et basse technologie : exploration par le locus de contrôle des dirigeants et la capacité d'expérimentation." Rennes 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REN1G020.
Full textThis research focus on the LMT SMEs. We developed a heuristic framework linking the manager’s locus of control, experimentation capacity and company performance. A survey conducted on West of France industrial SMEs returned 98 exploitable questionnaires. The analysis of the data allowed the construction of two typologies. The first one, founded on the locus of control highlighted three groups of individuals: the externals, the unspecified and the internals. The identification of an intermediary class, the unspecified, is an important contribution. The unspecified profile is not closely associated with variables describing the capacity for experimentation and performance. This highlights that only the individuals with a strong determined locus of control affect (positively for internals and negatively for externals) experimentation capacity and company performance. The second typology founded on the experimentation capacity also reveals three groups : the isolated, the relational actors and the experimenters. No significant association exists between the isolated group, who do not experiment and the organisation’s performance. The relational actors develop collaborative activities but in the absence of an internal development dynamic of competences, the results are judged as being not as good as those of competitors. The experimenters associate collaborative work, the development of competences and the in-house formalisation of knowledge. They obtain greater technological specificity. The acknowledgement of an association between profiles suggests that the experimentation capacity plays a mediatory role between the locus of control and the performance of SMEs