Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Entreprises – Impôts – Pays de l'OHADA'
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Senou, Clément. "L’encadrement juridique et fiscal des PME en droit français et dans l’espace OHADA." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0400.
Full textFor a long time, the law was seen as a river that would flow towards large companies to the detriment of SMEs because of its inflexibility. Today, this situation seems to have changed, as the special nature of small businesses is gradually being recognised in both French and OHADA law. This recognition is reflected, in particular, in the application to them of a number of special regimes, the avowed aim of which is to protect them in view of their vulnerability and their importance to the economy. In this respect, a study of the legal and tax framework for SMEs makes it possible, firstly, to test the effectiveness of the major legal mechanisms put in place to limit the professional risk of these entrepreneurs. Even though this seems to be much clearer in OHADA law than in French law, it is clear that in both legislations, these mechanisms are often inadequate, or even non-existent when they are most needed. Secondly, the study highlights the inadequacy of the financial environment for SMEs, which can still be improved. In terms of taxation, the preferential regimes applicable to French SMEs should be enacted with a concern for harmony and geared primarily towards protecting these structures and promoting investment. What is more, in the OHADA area, the specific characteristics of informal sector actors and the shortcomings of the tax system should be sufficiently taken into account with a view to improving cooperation between the tax authorities and African SMEs. Furthermore, SMEs' access to finance could be facilitated by improving traditional methods of financing and by promoting new methods of financing such as private equity and crowdfunding
Konate, Koungo. "Le bail à usage professionnel à l'épreuve des procédures collectives dans le droit de l'OHADA." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU10045.
Full textThe lease for professional use boasts a prominent place in the judicial treatment of the company's difficulties. However the seat of an independent legal system of the lease for professional use as part of collective procedures still faces in the OHADA law to significant gaps. Preserved and adapted according derogatory mechanisms, lease for professional use proof collective procedures shows a duality of legal rules to govern the fate of that concurrent contractual link. In this context, the prerogatives of the actors of the lease contract to professional use are subject, despite the avowed intention of the legislature OHADA to remarkable deficiencies. The lack of legal regulation of collective procedure lessor despite the consideration involved coexists with regulatory lessee still below international standards
Dobassy, Lamine. "Les garanties de paiement des créanciers dans les procédures collectives OHADA : étude à la lumière du droit français." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU10044.
Full textThirel, Gwenahel. "Fiscalité de stratégie d'implantation des entreprises françaises dans l'Union Européenne (Allemagne, Grande-Bretagne, Italie, Espagne)." Rouen, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ROUEL262.
Full textThe challenge of the European construction calls for french companies to establish themselves in the European Community. In France and in foreign countries, such an establishment has fiscal consequences and brings into play several levels of fiscal law regulations. The development of a fiscal strategy of establishment needs to provide answers to the following questions : which type of presence to choose between a branch and a subsidiary ? What are the formation modes of the acquisition and financing of a foreign entity ? What are the repatriation modes of the results made in foreign countries ? On what basis is the taxable profit determined and at what rate is it taxed ? How can the results be circulated within an european group of companies ? What of the internal operations in a group ? How can an european group of companies be used and restructured ? An establishment under the form of a subsidiary would result in the creation of an european group of companies that would be confronted to all of these questions. From the given answers, a French company could develop its fiscal strategy of establishment
Dall'Osto, Véronique. "La fiscalité des entreprises à l'épreuve de la mondialisation." Nice, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NICE0020.
Full textFacorat-Gaspard, Brigitte. "La Fiscalité des entreprises dans des régions ultrapériphériques françaises : élements pour une théorie de la différenciation juridique en droit communautaire." Antilles-Guyane, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AGUY0096.
Full textThe Tax advantages conceded to the companies involved in the french overseas departements (DOM) are mainly used as a tool to support economic development. However,community law is eager to promote a market economy where competition is free and driven by the dual motives of the freedom of movement and competition equality. The study consists in researching how the statute of outermost region,defined in article 299-§ 2 EC,can lay the foundations for appropriate mechanisms of strengthened differentiation for the DOMS
Karfo, Sûrsikya Thomas Steve. "Paiement des créanciers, sauvetage de l'entreprise : étude comparative des législations OHADA et française de sauvegarde judiciaire des entreprises en difficulté." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU10050/document.
Full textThe dynamic of insolvency law resides in the contradiction of its foundations: individual freedom and the general interest.These subjective and objective foundations explain the dichotomy nature of positive purposes of insolvency law: payment of creditors, rescue of the failing firm. Contemporary laws are organized around these two objectives by erecting legal systems which are either contractual or institutional. This is the case of OHADA law and French law which are the subject of our study. The main idea is to say that if the antinomy of the foundations leads to a dual legal system of bankruptcy, it does not prevent a convergence of legislation. Overall, the observation reveals that the dichotomy of the objectives of bankruptcy laws tend to fade during the preparatory phase of the rescue, specifically in the effects of the opening of the rescue procedure on the creditors’ rights. We can observe in this field, a quasi-similarity of OHADA and French laws. Although rescue purposes are different, the legal techniques adopted towards the creditors are mutatis mutandis the same: identity which bears witness to their universality, consequently their efficiency. By contrast, the irreducibility of subjective and objective conceptions re-appears at the stage of solution of bankruptcy. This reveals the genuine concerns of the legislator when it establishes court-supervised recovery proceedings. It leads to the implementation of mechanisms which either organize the collective expression of the creditors by democratic way (majority rule), or inhibit the participation of these, in favor of the judicial authority. Saving the company is a question of collective interest of creditors or a matter of general interest. This divergence in the solution of rescuing in OHADA’s and French laws is the witness of the dialectical antinomy of the foundations of bankruptcy laws
Özkök-Cubukçu, Dilek. "Les problèmes fiscaux posés aux petites et moyennes entreprises dans l'Union Européenne et en Turquie." Lyon 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO33045.
Full textSantoro, Guillaume. "L' adaptation au changement des entreprises dans l'Union européenne : recherche d'un cadre juridique." Aix-Marseille 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX32017.
Full textThe last two decades have seen a large number of transborder corporate transactions, especially mergers and acquisitions. That has outlined a double tendency to europeanization and globalization of companies within the European Union. The purpose of this research is to define the legal framework within which firms can adapt to the economic change offered or permitted by the European Union. There is an already existing general framework, built on economic liberties as aknowledged by the Treaty, and in particular the liberty of establishing a company. The latter is combined with the harmonisations, both positive and negative, set up within the Union, regarding corporate law, labour law and tax law. The analysis of those three dimensions which are specific to the structure of companies involves some loopholes in community law, but allows for a certain balance of the home market. There is also a more specific framework which shows that the European Union can help that adaptation through the drawing-up of European corporate structures. The recent evolution of corporate law in the context of globalization has given rise to two sorts of preoccupations: one concerns the companies, and the second one concerns the employees
Ait-Ahmed, Faroudja. "L' intégration européenne de la fiscalité directe des entreprises : recherche sur l'évolution des modalités de l'intégration fiscale européenne." Paris 13, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA131010.
Full textThe direct tax system of companies is ignored by the European Treaties. This absence would let thought in a conservation of the exclusive skill of member States in this area. This field of expertise leds to the implementation of an integration of European origin. This integration goes in two ways. It is on one hand about a positive fiscal integration which was beforehand accepted by States. It is a question on the other hand, of the negative fiscal integration, which is imposed on member States. This double dynamics constitutes the specificity of this legal field. The methods of integration are applied at the same time, and often, to the detriment of the exclusive character of the exercise of this skills by States. These methods know a continuous evolution which is directly connected with the evolution of the European construction. It is about methods which adapt themselves to the context into which they fit. So, the judges of Luxembourg and the European Commission they try to mitigate the political and legal obstacles of this method by turning to the method of "negative integration" mainly based on general arrangements of Treaties as well as on necessity of realizing the European objectives and the policies. Is it still possible to consider that the skills of member States in direct tax system of companies is exclusive ?
Jourdain, Jean-Yves. "Aides fiscales d'État et concurrence fiscale dans le système juridique de l'Union européenne." Paris 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA030128.
Full textIn the Common Market, a strong tax competition is occuring between the Member States of the European Union. State Tax Aids that are legaly controlled by the European Authorities, are both cause and consequence of that tax competition. On the basis of the articles 87 and 88 EC, originally design to fight against state aids, the European Commission and the European Community Justice Court strictly control those aids alloted by member States to different private and public firms. With this control, the Court and the Commission developped basic legal tools to harmonize direct taxation in the European Union. The Court and the Commission can now rule those specific part of tax law that is exclusive right of Member States, and try to avoid the negatives effects of tax competition in the EU
Leclercq, Guillaume. "L'imposition directe des fusions intracommunautaires dans lesquelles une société française à l'IS est impliquée." Poitiers, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000POIT3023.
Full textAllouard, Ophélie. "Les entreprises et les frontières fiscales dans l'Union européenne." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAA029.
Full textIn delimiting the tax sovereignty of the states apparatus, tax frontiers are at the heart of the Union’s, the State Members’ and also Companies’. The Union wants an internal market without frontiers. The State Members would like to maintain their tax frontiers. This opposition between the Union and the State Members therefore questions the present and future situation of the tax frontiers. This confrontation between the Union and the State Members has lead to a devaluation of tax frontiers. The positive and negative integration determined by the right of the Union has enabled the tax laws of the State Members to be linked closer together or be supervised. On the other hand, the State Members continue to refuse their suppression. But the Union is changing progressively its position regarding tax frontiers. The internal market must be built taking into account these frontiers. The permanence of fiscal frontiers is therefore ensured, especially since they can adapt to changes in society
Kourouma, Moussa Fanta. "Le procédé de passerelle entre la conciliation et la sauvegarde - Approche comparative droit français/droit OHADA." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOUL0124.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the bridging process between conciliation and safeguarding, in a comparative French law approach, OHADA law. The gateway method allows the entrepreneur to develop a recovery plan in the context of conciliation, before adopting it during an accelerated backup. This thesis is divided into two parts. In the first part, a diagnosis is made to understand the reasons of the adoption of this mechanism of treatment of the difficulties of the companies in French law, and those which could or could not justify its recognition in OHADA law. It appears from this section that, in the French and OHADA laws, the rigidity of the system of cessation of payments and the compulsory unanimity of the conciliation agreement constitute a handicap to the recovery of the undertakings, since the principle of unanimity a veto right to each creditor. The gateway process makes it possible to override the opposition of the minority creditors who use this right of veto to get the project of recovery of the head of enterprise adopted by majority vote on the legal ground. In the second part, a prospective study is conducted; The pre-negotiated plan process plays both a preventive and curative role : it allows, on the one hand, the free negotiation, between a debtor and its creditors, of a conventional restructuring plan and, on the other hand, the anticipation of court intervention to optimize assets and control liabilities. The gateway method is adopted in French law; this thesis proposes a study of its legal regime. He is not recognized for the moment in OHADA law ; its applicability is analyzed. For the improvement of the prevention and the treatment of the difficulties of the companies in the French rights and OHADA, tracks are proposed. This is notably the case, on the one hand, of the adoption of the creditor committees in the French conciliation procedure and, on the other, of the recognition of the pre-negotiated plan mechanism, of the reform of the cessation of payments and specialization of courts dealing with disputes governed by the AUPC under OHADA law. This study, in addition to making a scientific contribution to the study of new accelerated safeguard procedures in French law, aims to launch the debate on the appropriateness of the adoption of the OHADA gateway process. The organization of the pre-arranged assignment under the ad hoc mandate in French law and the advisability of adopting such an assignment in OHADA law are issues that could be the subject of research
Engel, Marie-Katrin. "L'attractivité des pays à fiscalité privilégiée pour les acteurs économiques internationaux." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM1060.
Full textWhile the concept of tax haven is a term used extensively, it remains difficult to define. It general terms, it refers to countries where foreign companies and individual alike invest their money in order to avoid tax in their home country. The history of tax haven is neither linear nor continuous. It is made of ruptures and mutations. These offshore jurisdictions are playing different economics and politics roles. Their evolution has been such that they have become the pillars of the economic globalization built since a century around different countries, actors and strategies. International economic actors benefit in many ways from the attractiveness of tax havens. International companies, individuals and banks use offshore tax haven to reduce their tax burden, avoid regulatory pressures, or hide a high level of debts in order to provide supposedly healthy financial statements. Many and complex tools are available to them in order to lower their burden. Evolution is undoubtedly underway but the results are far from guaranteed. Until now, tax havens remain attractive for international economic actors
Antanaitis, Tadas. "Les aspects internationaux de la fiscalité directe des entreprises dans les pays baltes." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010251/document.
Full textThe first objective of this doctoral thesis is to analyze the international aspects of taxation of companies in the Baltic States. The research compares the rules of tax law in the Baltic countries with the OECD proposals and recommendations, EU law requirements as well as with analogical rules in other European countries. It analyzes whether rules of direct taxation of companies in the Baltic countries, which are relatively young and do not have long traditions, follow the international standards proposed by the OECD as well, whether these rules are compatible with EU law requirements and analogical rules of other European states. The second goal of this thesis is to provide advice and recommendations on how national tax law and the provisions of EU law could be improved. Advice and recommendations are being presented at the end of each chapter, then at the end of each major part and finally, at the end of whole thesis. The first part analyses the international aspects of direct taxation of income from business activity. The second part devoted to examining the rules regarding the taxation of passive income (dividends, interest and royalties). Finally, the third part analyses the principles of tax law in the Baltic countries concerning tax havens and the international cooperation between tax administrations
Kouame, Noël Faustin. "Les prix de transfert dans les transactions des entreprises multinationales : Exemple de l'industrie du café et du cacao en Cote d'Ivoire-aspects juridiques, fiscaux et économiques." Paris 9, 2008. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2008PA090050.
Full text“Transfers pricing are a kind of ‘croquemitaine’ which frightened both states tax services,-seen as an outflow of the tax basis to another countries, and multinational companies. When the multinational companies intend to establish a price to their internal trades, they can’t help asking the ritualistic question: “wouldn’t we have a tax adjustment based on the internal prices?” The answer is most of the time elusive, with phrases like: “it depends on the actual circumstances!” Anyway. It is swimming in uncertainty and this tax insecurity, more specifically; this legal uncertainty in tax matter has been a concern for more than a country. Grouped in the OECD, some of them have felt the need to seek a generally accepted standard that could value the internal flows as fairly as possible. This standard, commonly called “arm’s length principle” tends to reconcile two stands sometime contradictory between the tax services and the multinational companies. The main question raised by our study was whether the means and procedures identified by the OECD would be applicable, given the particular context of developing countries, including Côte d'Ivoire. From the example of the industry of coffee and cocoa, in which the country is the world leader in terms of exportation, this thesis aims to demonstrate that the Ivorian tax system - including Article 38 of CGI, three-quarter century old – which had been a success in the past, seems now obsolete, outdated or even inappropriate to the challenges of a this globalized economy. The strict legal analysis of the internal-trade valuation issues should necessarily give way to an economic analysis of law, less dogmatic and more pragmatic. Therefore, it would be entitled to see a change of rules and procedures for verifying the price, to shift from a post and downstream control to an ‘a priori’ and upstream control, guarantee of security for the Country, businesses and by extension, international investment. "
Duverneuil, Carine. "Le rapprochement des sociétés en droit fiscal communautaire : contribution à l'étude des directives fiscales." Bordeaux 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR40019.
Full textMajed, Leila. "L'imposition des revenus d'opérations des entreprises françaises dans les six pays du CCG (Arabie Saoudite, Bahreïn, Emirats arabes unis, Koweït, Oman et Qatar)." Thesis, Paris 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA020108.
Full textThe six Arab states of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) still hold collectively vast reserves of oil and gas. But for how much longer? Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Oman and Qatar have for a long time taxed only foreign oil companies. Aware of the limits of the oil godsend, these countries are currently seeking to diversify their economic basis by drawing in ever more foreign direct investment outside of the fossil fuel sector. New taxation laws applicable to foreign commercial and industrial activities have therefore been enacted in Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Oman and Qatar. These laws share two main characteristics: low tax rates and strengthened measures to collect taxes and control the international operations of foreign companies. Under double taxation treaties, French companies operating in that region still enjoy exemption from withholding tax on their GCC revenue. That is a considerable advantage compared to their counterparts based in other Western countries. Yet French companies must now encounter an "aggressive" fiscal policy. They are confronted with attractive fiscal systems but constantly changing, diverse and coercive
Engel, Marie-Katrin. "L'attractivité des pays à fiscalité privilégiée pour les acteurs économiques internationaux." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM1060.
Full textWhile the concept of tax haven is a term used extensively, it remains difficult to define. It general terms, it refers to countries where foreign companies and individual alike invest their money in order to avoid tax in their home country. The history of tax haven is neither linear nor continuous. It is made of ruptures and mutations. These offshore jurisdictions are playing different economics and politics roles. Their evolution has been such that they have become the pillars of the economic globalization built since a century around different countries, actors and strategies. International economic actors benefit in many ways from the attractiveness of tax havens. International companies, individuals and banks use offshore tax haven to reduce their tax burden, avoid regulatory pressures, or hide a high level of debts in order to provide supposedly healthy financial statements. Many and complex tools are available to them in order to lower their burden. Evolution is undoubtedly underway but the results are far from guaranteed. Until now, tax havens remain attractive for international economic actors
Kourouma, Moussa Fanta. "Le procédé de passerelle entre la conciliation et la sauvegarde - Approche comparative droit français/droit OHADA." Thesis, Toulon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOUL0124/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the bridging process between conciliation and safeguarding, in a comparative French law approach, OHADA law. The gateway method allows the entrepreneur to develop a recovery plan in the context of conciliation, before adopting it during an accelerated backup. This thesis is divided into two parts. In the first part, a diagnosis is made to understand the reasons of the adoption of this mechanism of treatment of the difficulties of the companies in French law, and those which could or could not justify its recognition in OHADA law. It appears from this section that, in the French and OHADA laws, the rigidity of the system of cessation of payments and the compulsory unanimity of the conciliation agreement constitute a handicap to the recovery of the undertakings, since the principle of unanimity a veto right to each creditor. The gateway process makes it possible to override the opposition of the minority creditors who use this right of veto to get the project of recovery of the head of enterprise adopted by majority vote on the legal ground. In the second part, a prospective study is conducted; The pre-negotiated plan process plays both a preventive and curative role : it allows, on the one hand, the free negotiation, between a debtor and its creditors, of a conventional restructuring plan and, on the other hand, the anticipation of court intervention to optimize assets and control liabilities. The gateway method is adopted in French law; this thesis proposes a study of its legal regime. He is not recognized for the moment in OHADA law ; its applicability is analyzed. For the improvement of the prevention and the treatment of the difficulties of the companies in the French rights and OHADA, tracks are proposed. This is notably the case, on the one hand, of the adoption of the creditor committees in the French conciliation procedure and, on the other, of the recognition of the pre-negotiated plan mechanism, of the reform of the cessation of payments and specialization of courts dealing with disputes governed by the AUPC under OHADA law. This study, in addition to making a scientific contribution to the study of new accelerated safeguard procedures in French law, aims to launch the debate on the appropriateness of the adoption of the OHADA gateway process. The organization of the pre-arranged assignment under the ad hoc mandate in French law and the advisability of adopting such an assignment in OHADA law are issues that could be the subject of research
Dokoui, Symphorien. "La notion d'intérêt de l'entreprise en droits comparés français, béninois et de l'OHADA." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0411.
Full textSecular, the debate around the concept of interest of the company is far from dying out. The questions surrounding its definition, its apprehension and the limits of its effectiveness continue to feed the reflections of all those who are interested in the law of the labor relation, the right of the company. Paradigm, compass or gauge of behavior and management decisions, the interest of the company appears as a notion "chameleon". From a jurisprudential source, the interest of the company is no less a central notion of all the reforms affecting not only the improvement of the "collaboration" relations of the parties to the employment relationship, but also the essential cooperation between all those who take part in the exploitation of economic activities "investors, employees, customers, suppliers, civil servants, financial analysts, professional associations, the State". Aiming to clean up all the strategic and managerial mounts with a view to a real competitiveness of the company, the notion contributes not less to the protection of the dignity of the employee through the guarantee of decent work. Thus, all those who contribute to the operation of the company must act in the interest of the company, in the realization of the "collective project". The notion is thus at the center of an articulation between "the individual" and the "collective". Recently established in French law, the concept is relatively in the OHADA space and very little in Benin law
Ivantcheva-Flamant, Jeanne. "Le contrôle des opérations internationales par l'administration fiscale : les prix de transfert." Paris 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA020126.
Full textLigan, Mahoutin. "La déclaration de créances et le nouveau droit des entreprises en difficulté : Approche comparative Droit français/Droit OHADA." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOUL0136.
Full textThe declaration of claim is a compulsory procedure reserved for all creditors of a debtor who is the subject of collective proceedings. It has a mainly financial purpose and its objective is to ascertain the debtor's liabilities, and therefore to measure his indebtedness on the day of the opening judgment. This is justified by the fact that the new law on companies in difficulty, unlike the old bankruptcy, introduces a submission to the rigorous rules of collective discipline for all the creditors of the failing company. It goes without saying that the declaration of claims is of considerable benefit to the debtor in that it allows the court to assess (after the verification and admission of claims) the possible solutions for rescuing the failing company through the weight of its liabilities. Similarly, it makes it possible to maintain a certain equality between the company's creditors, who will ensure that their rights are recognised in order to safeguard their chance of participating in the collective procedure of their debtor. Its legal basis is specified by Articles L. 622-24 et seq. of the French Commercial Code and 78 et seq. of the Uniform Act Organising Collective Proceedings (AUPC).Thus, from the publication of the opening judgment, all creditors whose claims arose prior to the opening judgment and subsequent creditors excluded from the preferential treatment of Article L. 662-17 of the French Commercial Code, with the exception of employees, shall send a declaration of their claims to the judicial representative within two (2) months. Where the creditor has been relieved of foreclosure in accordance with Article L. 622-26 of the French Commercial Code, the time limits only run from the notification of this decision; they are then reduced by half. The time limit for filing a claim runs from the notification of this warning. Traditionally, a claim declaration was treated as a legal claim. Thus, until the Ordinance of 12 March 2014, a special written mandate was required for the validity of a declaration made by a person other than the debtor. Similarly, the agent then had to be able to provide proof of the mandate received until the day the judge ruled. In the new law on companies in difficulty, the declaration of claim is perceived as a simple conservatory act, insofar as it is, in certain respects, more akin to a formal notice or an administrative formality. We owe this reconsideration of the nature of the declaration of claim to the French order of 12 March 2014.This is to be welcomed insofar as this development contributes to improving the preservation of creditors' rights. Despite the close relationship between French and OHADA legislation, it must be noted that the OHADA legislator has not taken advantage of its recent reform of 10 September 2015 to simplify the procedure for declaring claims as was done in 2014 in France. While such a failure can be justified by the youth of the legislation in force in the OHADA zone, it is appropriate for the OHADA legislator to consider a change in this area. In our opinion, this could encourage the debtor to provide the bodies of the procedure with a complete list of his creditors and thus enable the latter to benefit from the same chances of being paid
Akue, Mickala Alain. "La situation de la caution en droit des procédures collectives au regard de la règle de l'accessoire : Etude comparative droit français/droit OHADA." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2019. http://bu.univ-tln.fr/userfiles/file/intranet/travuniv/theses/droit/2019/2019_AKUE_MICKALA_Alain.pdf.
Full textSince the introduction of the law n° 94-475 on 10 January 1994, the French legislator bas been part of a process of protection, while still interested, of the bail leader with the aim of promoting the recovery of the debtor in difficulty. This process, which culminated in the 2005 reform, had an influence on the law of collective procedures applicable in the OHADA area, not without striking the balance of the bonding institution as a whole. Since the reform of the AUC on 10 September 2016, OHADA law bas adopted the same regime for processing the bail of the debtor in difficulty as the French legislator. It consists in promoting the fate of the surety by exploiting its situation as long as the hope of saving the debtor in difficulty really remains. This includes a targeted application of the accessory rule in different stages of the procedure according to a common thread almost identically defined by each legislator, yet in a different legal and social environment. The impact of this aradox on the efficient rotection of the suret is felt in the application of measures of collective discipline to the surety on the one band, and the exercise of the bail on the other
Ndongo, Céline. "Le nouveau visage de la prévention en droit OHADA." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01D004.
Full textOn September 10, 2015, OHADA adopted a new law for companies in difficulty through reform of Uniform Act organizing Bankruptcy Proceedings for the wiping off debts . Indeed, eight years after the first works of amendment, the revised law has finally been adopted at Grand Bassam (Ivory Coast), during the 40th meeting of OHADA's Council of Ministers. The event is not unimportant insofar as the old text clearly showed its inability to safeguard viable enterprises and to liquidate quickly those that were no longer viable. On 24 December of the same year, in accordance with the Community texts, the new law came into force in the entire OHADA's space. One of the striking points of this reform is doubtless the special place granted to the prevention of the difficulties of companies by the legislator. Indeed, since prevention is better than cure, the legislator improved the old procedure, but also introduce a new one named « conciliation ». He has not failed to organize the status of judicial officers who intervene in both preventive and curative matters. Following this reform, two questions can mainly arouse the interest. Firstly, one can wonder what really changed in the legal prevention of the difficulties of the companies in OHADA's space, and secondly, one can wonder right now about the means of improving the reception of this law by his recipients namely debtors, experts and magistrates. The answers to these questions will hopefully facilitate the implementation of this new OHADA preventive policy
Diallo, Yaya. "Les sûretés et garanties réelles dans les procédures collectives : étude comparée du droit français et du droit OHODA." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01D002.
Full textIn France as in OHADA, the insolvency law refers to the special and exceptional judicial proceedings in relation to common law reserved for the curative treatment of business difficulties. Essential to the credit protection and the health of the economic fabric which guarantees the sanitation, this public order law consists of a body of mandatory rules intended to apply, from the judgment of opening collective proceedings, both the debtor to its creditors. In accordance with the objectives, rights and security of the last creditors, unsecured or holders of preferred collateral, suffer abuses and restrictions. But this natural grip of bankruptcy law on secured creditors is undermined by the use of new debt guarantee mechanisms. These new mechanisms based on the chosen property, assigned or reserved for the purpose of safeguards have been differentiated from conventional collateral to establish the legitimacy of their exceptional nature to the constitutive rules of the collective discipline of the insolvency law. This results in a mismatch between the security law and insolvency law. The latter, as applied double standards creates a breach of equality among the creditors of the joint debtor. To address this imbalance presented the thesis proposes the extension of the right of bankruptcy law to property-collateral
Oyono, Marlène. "La protection des sûretés réelles exclusives dans les procédures collectives en droit comparé franco-OHADA." Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTD036/document.
Full textA company, whatever it size, form or importance is never away from financial difficulties that could lead it to collective proceeding. This situation is not without any consequences on the company's players, especially, creditors, who are the main collaborators in the company's exercise. Thus, to protect themselves from the risk of insolvency of the debtor, they can try to get legitimate preferential consideration, called securities. But these one make a complicated ensemble in which we can find subgroups. In French law and OHADA law, there is, in fact, a variety of securities, as well personal securities as securities right. In general terms, it is allowed today, that, in the securities right group, those called "exclusives" - the one based on the retention or on the property of the good, subject of the guarantee - succeed to pull out in case a collective proceeding is opened. Resulting in an absolute protection of these securities. The exclusivity will allow them to avoid the rules following the opening of a collective proceeding. Besides, creditors armed with securities right will be able to break with some traditional regulation from collective discipline. Yet, the protection tied to these securities don't shielded them from the requirements of collectives proceedings. On the contrary, the validity of their protection is wildly subject to their being in these procedures, on one hand, and to the fulfillment of the goal of collective proceeding law, on the other hand. So, even though they are protected, the exclusive securities right are not above the collective procedure
Diallo, Abdoulaye. "Protection de l’entrepreneur individuel et droits des créanciers : étude comparée droit français-droit de l’OHADA." Thesis, Poitiers, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014POIT3013/document.
Full textWith regard to the principle of the system of assets, the individual entrepreneur take on all his assets. In case problems occur, his creditors could seize his personal properties and business assets. This unlimited liability of the individual entrepreneur might have serious consequences, especially when he is married, in a civil partnership or in concubinage. The individual entrepreneur's fragility has encouraged the legislature, in the French as well as in the OHADA law, to create mechanisms that would give him the opportunity to put his personal assets immune from the judicial proceedings of his professional creditors. Thus, apart from any associate's appropriation, the individual entrepreneur is now able, under the French law, to keep his personal assets out of his profesional creditors' right of forfeit, through the notarized statement from seizure or the option of the EIRL. Equally, through the matrimonial systems or the technique of the trust, he may limit the rights of his creditors. However, the effectiveness of the mechanisms of protection of the individual entrepreneur is not absolute. Indeed, it is often put into question by former creditors, and even the individual entrepreneur who sometimes may renounce to it in order to get credit. Moreover, when the individual entrepreneur is subjected to a collective proceeding, the effectiveness of the protection is only but relative. The partition of expected assets or the exemption of certain personal belongings from the creditors' forfeit is questioned. Therefore, the protection offered by these mechanisms is only but fallacious, hence the need to strengthen their effectiveness. In the absence of effective mechanisms of protection, the individual entrepreneur may resort to the different procedures of prevention as an alternative to the mechanisms of protection
Zoumpoulis, Christos. "Aspects juridiques et fiscaux de la mobilité des sociétés dans l’espace régional européen." Thesis, Paris 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA020028.
Full textCross-border company mobility principally involves two main sets of State norms. Firstly, mobile companies continuously encounter conflict of laws questions. Therefore, mobility implies a necessary passage from the fundamental question of recognition of foreign companies, the application of conflict of laws rules determining the lex societatis and, more generally, the consultation of all the rules delineating the normative jurisdiction of the State in corporate matters, namely the conflict of laws rules (whether they stem from positive law or from judicial precedents) or the mandatory rules (lois de police) likely to be implemented in cross-border M&As, reorganizations and take-overs. Secondly, company mobility brings inevitably into play the national or international tax rules which constitute the national systems of international taxation of companies, namely tax rules emanating either from national tax legislation or from international treaties on avoidance of double taxation. These two aspects of the matter of company cross-border mobility shall not be examined separately, given that the formation of conflict of laws rules and tax jurisdiction rules that delineate a state’s tax jurisdiction depends on each State’s hierarchically superior imperatives of a political, economic and social nature, these two body of rules being, therefore, interdependent. The study of their historical evolution within the legal systems examined in our thesis (French, English, German and Belgian) from the early 19th century to date, demonstrates that their current state constitutes the result of their mutual influence. Through an interdisciplinary analysis, we emphasize, in the first part of our thesis, on the crossing points of these two sets of rules in order to explain the complex mechanics of cross-border mobility of companies and point out the legal and tax considerations that dominate the matter. We further explore their transformation by EU law which is intended as a meta-order aimed at orchestrating national government and economic agents’ behaviors according to and towards a new model of market regulation susceptible to the creation of a European single market. The second part of our thesis is dedicated to the study of the impact of secondary EU legislation and European Court of Justice jurisprudence –that act jointly to achieve the European single market objective- on the aforementioned bodies of national rules, that leads to the conclusion that the recent and anticipated developments on the mobility of companies within the EU both on national and European level, fall within the broader framework of the overall development of the transition process of national legal orders from a traditional capitalist model of market regulation inspired by the theories of M. Keynes towards a neo-liberal model which is accelerated by the pressure of the contemporary trend of economic globalization. Addressing the subject of cross-border mobility of companies within the EU both from a historical and an interdisciplinary perspective, we endeavor to identify trends and patterns and to assess the progress achieved since the early 19th century