Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Entreprises – Environnement – France'
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Jamboue, Christine. "Organisation de la surveillance de l'environnement dans les entreprises françaises : essai de caractérisation des pratiques dans une optique managériale." Aix-Marseille 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX32033.
Full textIdentifying and analysing the proceedings of french companies with regards to environmental scanning are the first purpose of this research. This work also aims at leading to a careful study of the organizational design of this activity. The literature review shows the existence of an "ideal" scanning model ; it reveals strong oppositions regarding organizational design and suggests possible extensions. The collected information bring to light some important results : scanning focalisation on environmental segments defined with multiple and different keys, frequent and organised exploitation of human sources, scarcity of use of analytical techniques. The research results also lead to elaborate a typology of scanning management and to explore diffusion of information, personalisation of the activity and proximity with documentary services. The above different developments allow us to formalize a potential influence model of managerial choices
Ben, Rhouma Amel. "Etude des déterminants de la divulgation environnementale et sociale des entreprises françaises." Nice, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NICE0004.
Full textThe purpose of our study is to explore the evolution of the scope and patterns of corporate environmental and social disclosure of the French companies and to identify determinants likely to explain the strategies of communication of this type of information. Our study is based on three-tiered conceptual framework that weaves together three complementary perspectives: information costs and benefits, legitimacy theory and governance. We focus on annual and social reports of a sample SBF 120 French firms during three years2001, 2002 and 2003. We show that in spite of the promulgation of article 116 of law NRE of May 15, 2001, the environmental information disseminated by the French companies concerns a voluntary strategy. Environmental disclosure is measured using a coding instrument on a way that is similar to Wiseman (1982) and Cormier and Magnan (1999 and 2003) adapted to the legal and regulatory context French and taking account of the voluntary international initiative of standardization of these practices of reporting (the GRI). We study also the social aspect of the disclosure of French companies in order to explore its impact on the level of environmental reporting. Regarding the first purpose, results show that level and quality of corporate social and environmental reporting tend to converge over time. With respect to the second purpose, consistent with expectations, results show that information costs and benefits faced by capital market participants, governance and monitoring considerations as well as the need for firms to legitimise their activities all influence environmental disclosure. Moreover, the level of the social disclosure significantly assigns to the rise the level of environmental reporting
Boullet, Daniel. "Entreprises et environnement en France de 1960 à 1990 : les chemins d'une prise de conscience." Paris 10, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA100066.
Full textGirard, Julien. "L' engagement des entreprises et la protection de l'environnement." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010289.
Full textNivault, Sébastien. "L'évolution du statut des entreprises locales de distribution d'́électricité et de gaz dans un environnement concurrentiel." Poitiers, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004POIT3004.
Full textBardy, Jennifer. "Le concept comptable de passif environnemental, miroir du risque environnemental de l'entreprise." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AZUR0001.
Full textWhether it is through the risks that the company imposes on the environment or through the risks thatweigh on it with regard to the multiplication of legal obligations aimed at protecting the environment,the company can no longer afford to ignore the environmental risk. Henceforth, the environmental riskapprehension requirement must guide the company throughout its existence. The accounting law, asmuch for its historical abilities to apprehend the risks of the company as for its quality of organizing thelanguage of the company, appears as the instrument that can help in the identification and control of theenvironmental risk. Through the concept of environmental liability, the accounting law offers, on onehand, an environmental risk reading grid that highlights most of the nuances of this risk. On the otherhand, because of the concept of environmental liability, the accounting law reveals its ability to controlthe damaging consequences that the environmental risk imposes on the company or the environment.The merits of the accounting law as regards the apprehension of the environmental risk of the companymust not however mask an original conception exclusively based on the recognition of the violations ofthe financial capital of the company. Because persisting in the path of ignorance of an environmentalcapital has the effect of restricting the apprehension of environmental risk, the refoundation of theaccounting law in the direction of the integration of an environmental capital offers to the accountinglaw the opportunity to assert itself as a branch of law which, although specific, is none the less alive andas such, capable of evolution
Boullet, Daniel. "Entreprises et environnement en France de 1960 à 1990 : les chemins d'une prise de conscience /." Genève : Droz, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb413853673.
Full textHeim, Stéphane. "La coopération dans un environnement concurrentiel : une comparaison France-Japon." Strasbourg, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011STRA1058.
Full textThis thesis analyzes the recent evolutions and roots of cooperation in the automotive sector, the discourses that support these changes and the actors’ practices of activities coordination in automotive supply chains. Since the mid-1980s, several studies converge towards an interpretation of these relationships in terms of industrial partnership, with roots to be found and inherited from Japan. However, a study of interactions at different levels of supply chains on two territories of the global automotive sector, the Great East in France and Germany and the Tokai Region in Japan, shows a remaining and strong tension between cooperation and competition. While it is undeniable that some former suppliers tended to the relational model with their clients because of the complexity of their activities, other suppliers are still struggling with choices between interdependence and autonomy. Cooperation with their clients, suppliers, and competitors appears to be a complex mechanism in which it is important to simultaneously maintain its individual position in a market of organizations and to contribute to the collective effort towards this market reproduction. This thesis puts forward the idea that, beyond the logics and choices between authority, price and trust, one may find the dynamics of participation, often forced, in this mechanism
Saïri, Rabah. "Une forme d'approche des comportements stratégiques et de la performance des PME : Valeurs, environnement, stratégies, planification, performance." Rennes 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998REN11011.
Full textThe strategy as well as the efficiency of the smps are subjects which have focused the researcher's attention these last decades. Both this interest was translated into several approaches with different angles of studies and even different appreciation of each of the two constructs. Despite the great number of researchers, there is only little consensus of positions concerning the dimensions and factors which contribute to a better understanding of each of them. Ideological considerations are probably the root of such a disagreement. Each time the strategy is the object of a new definition, it exhibits in fact a distinct philosophy and a theoritical conception which is different, whereas researchers keep claiming to be in the same theoritical pattern. In this spirit, the field of strategy as well as the performance's one would be enriched if each other would deign to understand that the different patterns suggested in litterature don't come from the same theoritical, ideological and methodological conceptualization. As a consequence, rather than sink into controversy or filling with indignation for the paradoxe they evidence, the best is to see the complementarity of these patterns. In this spirit a satisfactory knowledge of the smes strategy requires the conjugation of the different patterns in the complementary and exchange's modes, the single way which can clarify its vast space in a satisfactory way. It is only the beginnings of such an approach in our knowledge's field. But the systemic approach can be used to improve it. In accordance with this orientation, the accepted approach in this research gives a greater place to the improvement of the different patterns which goes through the way they articulate themselves in a global approach's pattern, specifying in the same time the nature and the dynamic of the relations which are establishing between 5 complexes of variables, contributing to the knowledge of the strategy as well as the performance of the smes
Abbes, Nader. "L'impact du volet environnemental de la loi sur les nouvelles régulations économiques (NRE) sur le management des entreprises." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100088.
Full textThe State missed a long time the management relationship of economy and law with the environment. Under the increasing pressure of a national and international mobilization and due to the increase of problems involving environment, several regulatory and economic measures in favor of the environmental protection were adopted by the whole of the Western countries. Initially, the public authorities started to worry about the general state of the environment and set up legislation, which intend to fight the insufficiencies of social equity and environmental concerns. Then, in response to a regulatory step, considered to be too constraining by the private actors, the State formulate a set of economic tools, reconciling society waits and companies’ development competitiveness objectives. Lastly, with the relative effectiveness of the various regulatory economic and environmental protection instruments, known as traditional, the State gradually transferred its responsibilities to the private actors by betting on the co-regulation and self-regulation. Our empirical work concerns the law impact on the new economic regulations (NRE) on the behavior of the companies concerning environmental reporting. The narrative contents of of the CAC 40 companies reports SD/CSR, is the object of our study. Our analysis will be led by two complementary approaches: a statistical and lexical analysis and an analysis set of themes, both, carried out using a textual analysis software, “Alceste”
Errami, Youssef. "Modes de pilotage de la performance et environnement des entreprises : quels outils pour quels contrôles?" Pau, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PAUU2011.
Full textIn this doctoral research, we analysed the works of both orientations which tried to find an alternative to the weakening of the predominant model of control. It is twenty years since the first orientation has tried to develop a "new" model of control. The second one aims at identifying the conditions of smooth running of particular types of control. We enlarged our analysis then to locate our research in its organizational frame and its environmental context. We tried through two successive studies to answer the following question of research: What modes of driving the performance of firms, for which environments? And is there difference of tools and purpose between a traditional control and a control qualified as more modern? The first study leant on a qualitative step and allowed us to offer a new typology of driving performance systems through a dynamic and historical analysis. It also led to identify a managerial problem: the weak use of control systems in some firms in difficulty. The second study rests on a quantitative methodology. Il allowed to cast light, sometimes new lights, concerning the purposes of tools included in the modern plans of control and especially the Balanced Scorecard
Guerroud, Yassine. "Trois essais sur l'éco-innovation au niveau de l'entreprise : le cas français." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021COAZ0015.
Full textThe idea supported in the literature for a long time was that the regulatory framework had a negative impact on the activity of firms, as well as on their prosperity. Starting from the 1990s, this vision started to change progressively and was substituted by a new approach in which the conflict between economic and ecological performance should be approached differently. More concretely, political decisions and researchers' endeavours triggered this new approach according to which neither the regulatory framework nor the reduction of pollution should involve any economic activity harming. According to this context, firms should introduce environmental innovations or eco-innovations which are, as their name suggests, innovations with less environmental negative externalities. The content of this thesis sticks with this context and aims to bring in new elements to the debate, to deepen the extant analysis related to the questions of the introduction of eco-innovation at the firm level, as well as by highlighting the French context.The first chapter of this thesis presents a theoretical and conceptual literature review on eco-innovation. This review is based on a bench of contributions in the field and aims to underline the impact of eco-innovation on firm performance, as well as the different consequences related to its activity. This review suggests that the effects of the introduction of eco-innovation can be decomposed into two separate categories: the internal effects and the external effects. First, internal effects are mainly related to employment and to the ability of firms to create more jobs, also including qualitative substitution effects based on improved qualifications. Second, external effects are related to changes in relationships across firms while complying with the environmental regulation through the transformation of the supply chain. The objective of this chapter is to develop and explain these mechanisms alongside other aspects related to eco-innovation.The second chapter includes a theoretical and an empirical analysis on the determinants of eco-innovation based on French data. Literature on the question is generally quite scarce, particularly regarding France, and almost inexistent concerning eco-organisational and eco-marketing innovations.The analysis along this chapter aims to emphasise these points, in a context marked by an increasing adoption of eco-organisational and eco-marketing innovations by firms. Results reveal a great importance of firm's reputation ahead of the introduction of all types of eco-innovation (product, process, organisation, and marketing), the importance of cost savings as well as the implementation of good environmental practices for the introduction of eco-organisational innovation, and the role of existing governmental aids and the contracts with customers for the introduction of eco-marketing innovation.Finally, the third chapter deals with the question of the impact of eco-innovation on firm growth, considering two growth indicators: employment and turnover, and analysing French data. After the presentation of a literature review, the empirical analysis is developed to analyse the impact of the introduction of eco-innovation (with no distinction in types), on both growth indicators previously explained. Following the very recent literature, multiple quantile regressions are performed given the non-linearity and the heterogeneity of firms' growth. Findings reveal a positive and significant relationship between eco-innovation and turnover growth of the top decile (10%) of the sample. Meanwhile, these results are not confirmed regarding eco-innovation and employment growth. Finally, other variables, namely patenting activity, research and development, and group ownership, are found to be important for firms' growth of the sample whatever the growth indicator used
Radhouane, Ikram. "Analyse de l'impact des pratiques de reporting environnemental sur la performance des entreprises." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0435.
Full textThis doctoral research focus on the voluntary environmental information released by French firms in their annual reports and sustainability reports through five articles. The aim of this thesis is to provide better understanding of the potential benefits achieved by firms through communicated their environmental engagement to their external stakeholders. Using a sample of French listed firms belonging to the SBF 120 stock index over an eleven-year period (2001-2011), this research examines the mechanisms by which environmental reporting can influence firms’ financial performance. First, it illustrates the potential benefits for firms that report more on environmental initiatives, with regard to two important categories of stakeholders: shareholders and customers. Second, it investigates circumstances under which firms operating in environmentally sensitive industries can obtain financial benefits from the disclosure of their environmental initiatives. Our findings show that firms can reap economic benefits arising from environmental information disclosed to shareholders and customers
Kwane, Bebey Giscard Léon. "Le comportement stratégique des PME dans un environnement incertain." Thesis, Artois, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ARTO0101/document.
Full textThis research of SMEs in France and Cameroon, shows that the strategic behavior of the company has a significant positive influence on performance. The environmental uncertainty has no direct impact on the performance, but positively moderate the relationship between strategic behavior and performance. However, the role of cultural variables is more contrasted. Some have both a direct effect on the strategic behavior variables and also play the role of moderating variables of the relationship between the strategic behavior and performance. Others are both a direct effect on performance, as they moderate the relationship between strategic behavior and performance. Results by country show no significant relationship between strategic behavior and performance. The country is not a moderator, but has a significant direct effect on performance. At the managerial and theoretical levels implications are numerous
Abbes, Nader. "L'impact du volet environnemental de la loi sur les nouvelles régulations économiques (NRE) sur le management des entreprises." Thesis, Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100088.
Full textThe State missed a long time the management relationship of economy and law with the environment. Under the increasing pressure of a national and international mobilization and due to the increase of problems involving environment, several regulatory and economic measures in favor of the environmental protection were adopted by the whole of the Western countries. Initially, the public authorities started to worry about the general state of the environment and set up legislation, which intend to fight the insufficiencies of social equity and environmental concerns. Then, in response to a regulatory step, considered to be too constraining by the private actors, the State formulate a set of economic tools, reconciling society waits and companies’ development competitiveness objectives. Lastly, with the relative effectiveness of the various regulatory economic and environmental protection instruments, known as traditional, the State gradually transferred its responsibilities to the private actors by betting on the co-regulation and self-regulation. Our empirical work concerns the law impact on the new economic regulations (NRE) on the behavior of the companies concerning environmental reporting. The narrative contents of of the CAC 40 companies reports SD/CSR, is the object of our study. Our analysis will be led by two complementary approaches: a statistical and lexical analysis and an analysis set of themes, both, carried out using a textual analysis software, “Alceste”
Boubaker, Wided. "Eco-innovation, Performance environnementale et impact économique sur les entreprises : étude de cas des groupes Papetiers présents en France." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Nice, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NICE0048.
Full textThis thesis seeks to demonstrate that improved Environmental Performance (EP), through the implementation of eco-innovative initiatives , positively influences Financial Performance ( FP) of a company. As basic hypothesis, we chose that of Porter ( 1991), which emphasizes the benefits of implementing environmental strategies respecting the principle of sustainable development. This hypothesis is totally opposed to the neoclassical vision that considers the costs of environmental protection as additional and excessive costs that may hamper the company's economic development. To validate our research hypothesis , we chose to test econometrically , through the method of linear regression, the relationship between EP and FP choosing as EP indicators, environmental investments and expenses (IE), the percentage of certified fiber (CF) and the "Sustainable Value"Environment indexes, relative to each of the environmental resources. These indexes are calculated using the approach "Sustainable Value" destined to evaluate the corporate sustainability and who represents an application of reasoning of classical financial analysis to environmental resources. We chose to conduct this study in a static and dynamic perspectives in order to assess the effects of EP on FP in a short and a medium term, through the evaluation of both the current effect and the one and two years delayed effect of the EP in FP. The results thus released from the econometric study provided a validation of our main research hypothesis , stating that a good EP influence positively the FP and the profitability of the Company.We note that the environmental initiatives are profitable since the first year of their implementation, except that the intensity of this profit varies according to the nature of Eco-innovation (Eco-innovation product, Eco-innovation process) and according to the characteristics of each company
Mattei, Laetitia. "La responsabilité sociétale des entreprises et la médiation." Thesis, Paris 9, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA090038/document.
Full textCurrent multifaceted crises bring to light the importance of corporate responsibility in our society, thereby challenging a neoliberal tenet summarized by Milton Friedmand’s famous saying (1970): “The social responsibility of business is to increase its profits”.It is in response to these crises and thanks to the active role played by civil society who now condemns certain practices that the concept of corporate social responsibility (“CSR”) has emerged.Today’s challenge is thus to put in place a responsible marketplace between the company and its stakeholders.In the so-called Grenelle I Law, the French legislator specifies that mediation should be a toolto implement CSR.He therefore advocates the development of mediation as a procedural tool to implement CSR as an integral part of substantive law.Mediation, from both a preventive and a remedial perspective, is accordingly an instrument toimplement CSR.The CSR / mediation nexus successfully combines economic efficiency and social, societal and environmental respect
Kedjar, Malia. "Essais sur les déterminants de l'éco-innovation : une application aux entreprises françaises." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMC020.
Full textThe main objective of this thesis is to study the factors that trigger the development of eco-innovations for the case of French firms. We have addressed this question in different contexts using original data. We contribute to the empirical literature by focusing on entrepreneurial and spatial aspects. The main results show that environmental policy instruments have a different impact on the types of eco-innovations (waste treatment, renewable energy and climate change mitigation technologies) and that eco-innovations are not always profitable for firms. Hence, it is essential to adjust public policy instruments in a way to improve the profitability of eco-innovations. After carrying out a survey on French start-ups, the results of the analysis have shown that there is a diversity of profiles of eco-innovators. Indeed, firms cluster into five main profiles and exhibit different eco-innovation drivers. We have shown empirically that the different categories of eco-innovators do not have the same difficulties in accessing funds. This led us to conclude that public policies must be designed taking into account the specificity of each profile. We have also shown that the recombination of environmental and non environmental technologies and environmental political support are the main factors explaining the location of eco-innovative firms. Moreover, by applying spatial econometrics we found that there is a clear spatial dependence on their creation while the impact of knowledge spillovers is quite local
Ben, Abdelhamid Abdelmehdi. "Corporate governance and employee ownership : evidence from France." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Clermont Auvergne (2021-...), 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UCFAD016.
Full textThis doctoral work examines the way employee share ownership influences the governance and strategic choices of a company. The first chapter of the thesis presents an inventory of the literature on employee share ownership and corporate governance. This review helps to develop the conceptual foundations on the research questions addressed in the thesis. Chapter 2 assesses the impact of employee share ownership on the entrenchment of CEOs in their jobs. The measures of managerial entrenchment in our research are the age, seniority and turnover rate of the CEO. Our empirical study examines the majority of French companies making up the SBF 120 stock market index and the methodology of generalized moments (GMM) is implemented. Essentially, the results show an inverted U-shaped relationship between employee ownership and CEO entrenchment. We also show that the presence of employee shareholder representatives on boards of directors or supervisory boards also has an impact and varies the inflection points of the relationships observed. Chapter 3 examines the impact of employee share ownership and its representation on the board of directors on a company's cost of capital. The study focuses on the companies in the SBF 120 index. The empirical results document the increase in employee ownership which results in an increase in the cost of capital up to a certain level, and that subsequently this relationship is reversed. The results converge and show that variations in employee share ownership and the presence of employees on the board of directors significantly affect the cost of equity of the company and therefore implicitly influence the value of the company. Chapter 4 examines the impact of employee share ownership on the level of environmental responsibility of companies. The results show that a positive relationship exists between employee share ownership, employee involvement in boards and corporate environmental responsibility scores. Finally, this research sheds additional light on the consequences of employee ownership in the French context
Ravononarimanga-Raherimandimby, Hasina. "Outiller le partage d'informations scientifiques de base sur l'environnement en entreprise : développement et implémentation d'un prototype d'outil de représentation des notions environnementales chez Electricité De France (EDF)." Paris 9, 2011. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2011PA090002.
Full textBardy, Jennifer. "Le concept comptable de passif environnemental, miroir du risque environnemental de l'entreprise." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AZUR0001.
Full textWhether it is through the risks that the company imposes on the environment or through the risks thatweigh on it with regard to the multiplication of legal obligations aimed at protecting the environment,the company can no longer afford to ignore the environmental risk. Henceforth, the environmental riskapprehension requirement must guide the company throughout its existence. The accounting law, asmuch for its historical abilities to apprehend the risks of the company as for its quality of organizing thelanguage of the company, appears as the instrument that can help in the identification and control of theenvironmental risk. Through the concept of environmental liability, the accounting law offers, on onehand, an environmental risk reading grid that highlights most of the nuances of this risk. On the otherhand, because of the concept of environmental liability, the accounting law reveals its ability to controlthe damaging consequences that the environmental risk imposes on the company or the environment.The merits of the accounting law as regards the apprehension of the environmental risk of the companymust not however mask an original conception exclusively based on the recognition of the violations ofthe financial capital of the company. Because persisting in the path of ignorance of an environmentalcapital has the effect of restricting the apprehension of environmental risk, the refoundation of theaccounting law in the direction of the integration of an environmental capital offers to the accountinglaw the opportunity to assert itself as a branch of law which, although specific, is none the less alive andas such, capable of evolution
Olivero, Julie. "Entreprises et management environnemental : pratiques de gestion dans les établissements à risques règlementés situés sur le littoral français." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM1072.
Full textThe increasing societal awareness and the intensification of the regulation make henceforth strategic environmental issues for pollutant sites. Included within the scope of the CSR, this thesis aims to understand the management decision of environmental risks within risky sites located in French densely populated coastal areas. It analyses the ways of evaluating, managing and communicating about environmental risks, also called “industrialo-environmental risks” (IER), and identifies motivations and difficulties of these actions as described by managers. The research is based on a multidisciplinary theoretical framework: the work on the individual decision under risk, the stakeholder theory, and the neo-institutionalism. The research methodology is divided into two times: a qualitative study of 19 interviews with textual analysis, and a survey of 196 sites by questionnaire. Results emphasize that, despite a collective awareness of environmental issues, IER have been significantly managed since only a decade. If regulatory stakeholders and leaders' values primarily guide risky sites towards a more "responsible" management, the complexity of regulation and the lack of information explain the slowing of environmental initiatives (EMS, EMAS eco-audit, partnerships). The surveyed sites adopt reactive approaches of regulatory compliance. Costs, lack of human and financial resources, and the low perception of the immediate benefits are considered as barriers to the pursuit of more ambitious environmental activities. Thus, the IER management appears more as a way to legitimize and sustain activities as an economic advantage
Batisse, Julien. "Responsabilité sociétale et ancrage territorial d'une entreprise de services urbains : le cas de Lyonnaise des Eaux." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BOR30049/document.
Full textIn a context of contemporary reflections on the sustainability of urban water utilities, we focus on Lyonnaise des Eaux’s corporate social responsibility strategy as a contribution to putting into words and implementing sustainable development in this sector. This work aims at analyzing on the one hand the causes, processes, goals of Lyonnaise des Eaux CSR strategy and understanding on the other hand the impact of these strategies on the company’s territorial embeddedness. CSR's territorial impetus is expressed via a global-local interaction process leading to the regionalization of Lyonnaise des Eaux CSR strategy and, its local embodiment through sustainable development projects. Based on the example of water management in the Bordeaux metropolis, we have studied and conducted two sustainable development projects within the company, one focused on water poverty management and the other focused on sustainable management of domestic water consumption. Exploring the feasibility conditions of these CSR projects highlights the opportunities for the company to meet the challenges of the territory by limiting the impact associated with its business or generate specific resources necessary for its integration into local innovation systems. The territorial approach of corporate responsibility strategy shows that it also appears as a negotiated interface used by Lyonnaise des Eaux for its adaptation and action at different scales
Corolleur, Frédéric. "Innovation, institution et évolution des territoires." Grenoble 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE21006.
Full textThe thesis is about the evolution of SME's agglomeration. We focus on the innovation process of the firm. The theoretical tools are : the works of A. Marshall on evolution and industrial district, G. B. Richardson on co-operation and B. J. Loasby on economics knowledge. Our analysis is also based on the new spatial approaches of territory and proximity. We demonstrate that different combinations of organisational and institutional proximity imply first the differentiation of innovation process and secondly the ability of local actors to manage collectively the present and future issues. In this perspective, we have compared the evolution of an industrial district, the vallee de l'Arve in France, and a cluster of SME, the jura bernois in Switzerland
Shao, Lin Han. "The Influence of Environmental, Organizational and Managerial Factors on Export Decisions and Export Performance." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0156.
Full textExport performance is an important research part of export study. Extensive empirical research has been carried out to identify and study the determinant factors of successful export performance. The factors associated with the three major axes of organizational, environmental, and managerial factors in the work of (Leonidou et al. 2002). The research aims to find how export performance is affected by environmental, organizational, managerial factors, especially, the psychic business distance and cultural distance, relationship management, international business travel, firms’ financial capabilities and complementary capabilities, specially, psychic distance – the extent to which the norms and values of two countries differ (Ford,1984, p. 102), when it comes to the potential interplay between business distance and cultural distance with managerial factors. The other observation is that international business depends gradually on transmitting complex information through vis-à-vis communication (Cristea, 2011). Companies vary in their performance because they use their resources in different ways (Shuleska et al. 2016). International business travel plays very important role in export business, especially for wine business, as the export managers practice ritual international business travel to meet the overseas prospective customers, organize wine tasting, participate in international wine fairs. Nevertheless, up to now, we have known very little about the impact of such travel on export performance.Hence, the thesis is organized as follows.First, we present a bibliometric study by analyzing 1344 publications from 1900 to 2019. Second, we examine the interacting effect of the two forms of psychic distance (business and cultural) on export relationship management. Specifically, this research examines the moderating role of cultural distance in the effect of business distance on different dimensions of relationship management and financial export performance. This research builds on a sample of 174 French export executives who were asked to rate their views of their relationship with their Chinese business counterpart in the wine trade,and their related performance. Third, we examine the impact of international business travel on export performance by integrating organizational factors (annual turnover) and strategic management (complementary capability) into the analysis with equally 174 French wine exporting firms.The systematic bibliometric study and two empirical studies reveal meaningful results which shed light on the export literature study and provides numerous contributions on the theoretical, methodological, and managerial levels related to export performance
Bachawaty, Eliana Al. "Innovation et compétences : une analyse du comportement innovant de la firme française." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU20098/document.
Full textInnovation has become a vital need for the firm to deal with a continuously changing environment. Evolutionary theory has emphasized the role of competences in firm analysis. Therefore, specific competences are essential for the fulfillment of firms’ innovation activities.According to evolutionary theory, internal competences are central to the firm. Though, they can be sometimes insufficient for it to innovate. Thus, innovation requires from the firm to look for complementary external competences to reinforce those existing internally.Besides the competences used in-house, competences can be acquired externally through freelancers or cooperative relationships. Basing on an evolutionary analytical framework enhanced with elements of competence-based view, the main body of this thesis analyses the behavior of French companies in terms of innovation. In other words, we seek to determine the factors increasing the innovation capacity of firms while stressing the influence of competences used in-house or acquired externally on the probability for firms to engage in innovation projects.Within this scope, we first invoke different approaches of innovation and then emphasize the importance of firm competences and its staff in addition to their participation into cooperative agreements for innovation. To finalize our interpretation, we conduct a descriptive analysis followed by a study based on the survey data of Innovation CIS 2010. The results show that the probability for firms to engage in innovation activities is affected by elements from the internal and external environment of the firm
Bernardin-Robin, Emmanuelle. "Efficacité de l'e-learning en entreprise : comparaison de deux environnements d'apprentissage chez Air France." Nantes, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NANT4008.
Full textThe objective of this research is to offer a better understanding of e-learning in a corporate setting. Through a comparison between two learning environments, dedicated space and workstation, the level of acceptance of this new technology is questioned, as well as the potential impact of environment on learning. This unique case study takes place in a French aeronautic company, Air France, and has been done following a quantitative and qualitative methodology. Some of the results show that if e-learning is well accepted by adult learners in enterprise, better efficacy (in terms of satisfaction and learning results) in a dedicated space is observed. This efficacy is directly linked to the instructor presence, suggesting that human interaction is still very important in an e-learning system
Jouvaud, Magali. "Localisation des services aux entreprises et croissance des agglomérations." Aix-Marseille 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX32037.
Full textThis thesis attempt to understand the location and distribution of producer services between agglomerations and their role in the economic growth of cities. Firstly, we analyse locational factors (market proximity, needs in human ressources, services and informations). We point out, with a typology of producer services according to their locational factors, that modalities of service delivery (servuction), type of firms and activities are determinant for explaining the different combinations of locational factors existing in this industry. Secondly, we examine the impact of location decisions in the urban system. Producer services are still very concentrated in the biggest metropolitan areas. Our analysis confirms that agglomerations which high concentration of producer services, grew faster. The relation between producer services and urban growth is explained by their role in the two major mechanisms of urban economic growth. We found that producer services are part of the economic base of agglomerations and generate multiplier effects as well as manufacturing mutipliers. A study of french metropolitan departments underline the favorable effect of producer services and their executive workers on employment productivity and productivity gains. Therefore, producer services importance differs according to cities but their effect is essential for explainning disparities in economic growth of agglomerations: they play a prime role for the structuration of the french urban system
Abadie, Pauline. "Entreprise responsable et environnement : Recherche d'une systématisation en droit français et américain." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010323.
Full textBlavier, Yves. "La société linière et son environnement industriel (1845-1891) : une entreprise de Landerneau." Brest, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BRES0001.
Full textBoubkry, Brahim. "Contribution à l'identification des facteurs du succès des entreprises dans les secteurs en difficulté : environnements, profils organisationnels et stratégies." Bordeaux 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985BOR1D306.
Full textRadhouane, Ikram. "Analyse de l'impact des pratiques de reporting environnemental sur la performance des entreprises." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0435.
Full textThis doctoral research focus on the voluntary environmental information released by French firms in their annual reports and sustainability reports through five articles. The aim of this thesis is to provide better understanding of the potential benefits achieved by firms through communicated their environmental engagement to their external stakeholders. Using a sample of French listed firms belonging to the SBF 120 stock index over an eleven-year period (2001-2011), this research examines the mechanisms by which environmental reporting can influence firms’ financial performance. First, it illustrates the potential benefits for firms that report more on environmental initiatives, with regard to two important categories of stakeholders: shareholders and customers. Second, it investigates circumstances under which firms operating in environmentally sensitive industries can obtain financial benefits from the disclosure of their environmental initiatives. Our findings show that firms can reap economic benefits arising from environmental information disclosed to shareholders and customers
Kibamba, Jean-Christian. "Les effets des activités de la filière bois sur le milieu naturel : perception des problèmes dans les entreprises lorraines du bois." Nancy 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NAN21020.
Full textThe industrial transformation generates pollution and nuisances. Like all industries, wood industry generates during its various stages of the manufacturing and of the treatment of wood material, different kinds of polluting agents which spread through the nature in differents states : as a solid (different discards), as liquid (chemical products having the polluting agents) as a gaz (any gaz more or less dangerous. The wood industry is also face the increasing of the contestations from people living not for from its installations and chiefly from public opinion. Norvadays, many rules are required to its various installations; others will be applied on the products deriving from the wood industry, which must respect some ecological criteria exacted by various regulations which tend to control industrial activity and the necessity to protect the environment. To understand very well the risks of pollution generated by the wood industry in the environment, and also to know the attitude of the industrialists facing these problems, an requiry in the industrial middle allows us to knom the state of the industrial plants and the reason of the main problems of environment or the problem capable to be faced in different sectors of the wood industry. The importance of the nuisances depends very often on the size of the enterprises and on theirs production process. What is worth saying is that in Lorraine, the pollution caused by wood industry is weak. This is due by the dispersion of the industrial installations, the slight use of chemical products, the adaptation and the progressive modernization of the industrial tissue. Yes, somme problems still exist. They concern chiefly noise, the using of discards produced by chemical products and the best control of the installation of wood combustion
Paris, Marjolaine. "Relations d'affaires franco-nigérianes : l'émergence de configurations sociales et commerciales internationales - Échange, incertitude et stratégies identitaires." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00778140.
Full textBéchu, Thierry. "De la clinique privée à l'hôpital privé, d'un outil de travail à une entreprise, d'un environnement stable à des mutations importantes : les nouveaux enjeux pour l'établissement de santé privé à la lumière des modèles de réflexion stratégique." Rennes 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000REN10001.
Full textBoubaker, Wided. "Eco-innovation, Performance environnementale et impact économique sur les entreprises : étude de cas des groupes Papetiers présents en France." Thesis, Nice, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NICE0048/document.
Full textThis thesis seeks to demonstrate that improved Environmental Performance (EP), through the implementation of eco-innovative initiatives , positively influences Financial Performance ( FP) of a company. As basic hypothesis, we chose that of Porter ( 1991), which emphasizes the benefits of implementing environmental strategies respecting the principle of sustainable development. This hypothesis is totally opposed to the neoclassical vision that considers the costs of environmental protection as additional and excessive costs that may hamper the company's economic development. To validate our research hypothesis , we chose to test econometrically , through the method of linear regression, the relationship between EP and FP choosing as EP indicators, environmental investments and expenses (IE), the percentage of certified fiber (CF) and the "Sustainable Value"Environment indexes, relative to each of the environmental resources. These indexes are calculated using the approach "Sustainable Value" destined to evaluate the corporate sustainability and who represents an application of reasoning of classical financial analysis to environmental resources. We chose to conduct this study in a static and dynamic perspectives in order to assess the effects of EP on FP in a short and a medium term, through the evaluation of both the current effect and the one and two years delayed effect of the EP in FP. The results thus released from the econometric study provided a validation of our main research hypothesis , stating that a good EP influence positively the FP and the profitability of the Company.We note that the environmental initiatives are profitable since the first year of their implementation, except that the intensity of this profit varies according to the nature of Eco-innovation (Eco-innovation product, Eco-innovation process) and according to the characteristics of each company
Hinti, Saïd. "Les dynamiques économiques mobilisables par les collectivités locales en faveur de l'emploi." Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010063.
Full textThe sustained creation of jobs is at the center of political, economic and social concerns. This issue of the greatest concern to governments at all levels, national or infra-national. Beginning at the local level, our objective in this research is to show how and to what extent the economic dynamics which are available to local government to create economic activity and jobs can be effective. Our theoretical analysis, backed up by field studies based on a varied cross-section of large cities surrounding paris, have come to the following conclusion : job creation cannot result solely from predetermined market mechanisms, but is organized and based on a collective approach. Job creation assumes that local governments have the capacity to implement -with a view to regional development- an innovative approach which ensures the diversification of local systems of production. This occurs in a sphere of structural economic change. This spatial perception of economic development and the finality of employment that it target assumes that all local economic actors be taken into account. This model regional organization, which leads to economic and social regulation is somewhere between a pure market model and the public sector model, takes its inspiration from the properties of meso-territoriality, a form of partnership organization which goes beyond a relationship which is purely based on the market and economic planning
Amat, Amandine. "Le changement climatique de la simulation aux modes d'existence : étude de trajectoires climatiques de villes et d'entreprises en Alsace." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAG023.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the ultimatum imposed by the climate change phenomenon in contemporary Western society : changing the model of society or risk collapse (Diamonds, 2006). The major ordealt hat is required was that of otherwise inhabit the Earth around another project : the fight against climate change. Many publications (Aykut, 2012 ; Dahan, 2015 ; Latour, 2015 ; Roques, 2013 ;Stengers, 2009) describe the inability of state institutions to build a common project to respond to climate challenges. In this situation, the "critical" studies note the important place that has taken the simulation at the expense of concrete and sustainable action. Climate modelling, political and economic simulations, sociological diagnoses, literary fiction, climate change is largely invested by the narrative. Our field immersions have shown that other scales of action are already actively seized ofthe climate deal. Cities and businesses are in fact more likely to take a position in the energy and climate challenge. It follows that some statements, by their position mediators had given way to concrete experiments. Taking a pragmatic approach, inspired by the l’Enquête sur les modes d’existence proposed by Latour, and enriched by the model of Économies de la Grandeur of Boltanski and Thevenot, this thesis attempts to describe the various modes of existence of the climate problem from territorial collectives. We also assuming the rear of influence cultural plans and attachments in producing climate strategies by local actors
Natowicz, Irène. "Le risque technologique majeur et l'économie de l'assurance : une application à l'industrie chimique." Grenoble 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE21015.
Full textChemical industry experienced technological risk evolution and insurance responded to this changes. But, this responses are nowadays inadequate because of the specificity of uncertainty and complexite. The approach that consist to lead insurers to take charge chemical risks and environmental damages, via objective responsability, has something in common with the internalization of exterla effects principle : it is analysed in the coase theorem perspective. This evolution is considered as a venture, both from social point of view than from economic point of view. Thesis demonstrates that liberal theory or state theory can't be used to analyze insurance activity. The insurance economy is then studied in the perspective of services economy because it accepte fundamental uncertainty. The environmental insurance l'ability case and chemical risks alow to draw alternative and more complexe forms to take charge risks. Thesis chalenge the insurer's ability alone, to take charge the compensation of environmental damages and chemical risks
Amat, Amandine. "Le changement climatique de la simulation aux modes d'existence : étude de trajectoires climatiques de villes et d'entreprises en Alsace." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAG023/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the ultimatum imposed by the climate change phenomenon in contemporary Western society : changing the model of society or risk collapse (Diamonds, 2006). The major ordealt hat is required was that of otherwise inhabit the Earth around another project : the fight against climate change. Many publications (Aykut, 2012 ; Dahan, 2015 ; Latour, 2015 ; Roques, 2013 ;Stengers, 2009) describe the inability of state institutions to build a common project to respond to climate challenges. In this situation, the "critical" studies note the important place that has taken the simulation at the expense of concrete and sustainable action. Climate modelling, political and economic simulations, sociological diagnoses, literary fiction, climate change is largely invested by the narrative. Our field immersions have shown that other scales of action are already actively seized ofthe climate deal. Cities and businesses are in fact more likely to take a position in the energy and climate challenge. It follows that some statements, by their position mediators had given way to concrete experiments. Taking a pragmatic approach, inspired by the l’Enquête sur les modes d’existence proposed by Latour, and enriched by the model of Économies de la Grandeur of Boltanski and Thevenot, this thesis attempts to describe the various modes of existence of the climate problem from territorial collectives. We also assuming the rear of influence cultural plans and attachments in producing climate strategies by local actors