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Rodríguez-Gulías, María Jesús, Vítor Manuel de Sousa Gabriel, and David Rodeiro-Pazos. "Effects of governance on entrepreneurship: European Union vs non-European Union." Competitiveness Review: An International Business Journal 28, no. 1 (January 15, 2018): 43–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cr-06-2016-0035.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse the effect of six governance indicators on the rate of creation of new companies between countries that are members of the European Union (EU) and those that are not. H1 states that the various dimensions of governance help to explain the immediate creation of new businesses in European and non-European countries. H2 states that the various dimensions of governance help to explain the deferred creation of new businesses in European and non-European countries. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses two types of analyses: firstly, univariate analysis, which is a descriptive statistics of the dependent, independent and control variables, and the results of a t-test; and secondly, multivariate analysis, which estimates using the fixed-effects estimator under the specifications previously raised for the subsample of 28 EU countries and for the subsample of 103 non-EU countries during the period 2004-2014. Findings The results show that the variables of governance are not significantly higher in the EU, although the density of the enterprises is. Within the governance indicators, government effectiveness is significant in the EU. The results obtained for the EU confirmed H1and H2, with a significant positive effect of government effectiveness on entrepreneurship, while the other governance variables were not significant in the EU subsample. The results obtained for non-EU countries suggest no significant immediate effects (H1) and a slightly significant delayed effect of rule of law on the entrepreneurship (H2) concerned. Research limitations/implications Future research in this area could consider introducing another regional division or other types of methodology as variables affect models. Practical implications Governance can be defined as the ability of a government and its public institutions to provide services and design, and implement rules, which is a factor that affects the creation of new companies. However, the effect of governance could differ depending on the country and its economic environment. This paper analyses the effect of six governance indicators on the rate of creation of new companies considering two different geographic regions as countries are presumably heterogeneous. Therefore, these results indicate that the effect of governance variables on entrepreneurship differs according to the region. Social implications The effect of governance variables on entrepreneurship according to the region is also known. Originality/value This study applied panel data analysis to two samples of countries during the period 2004-2014, one formed by 28 countries of the EU and the other by 103 non-EU countries. No other paper considers this number of countries for this period. To assess the impact of governance on the creation of new companies, this paper considered the existence of immediate and deferred effects of governance on entrepreneurship.
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Gawel, Aleksandra, and Timo Toikko. "Trust in European Institutions in Explaining the Entrepreneurship in European Union Countries." Social Sciences 10, no. 6 (May 26, 2021): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci10060195.
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Entrepreneurship is believed to be shaped by institutions; however, the paper assumes that trust in institutions is a fundamental prerequisite for the impact of institutions on entrepreneurship. The aims of the paper are to determine (i) whether trust in European institutions affects the level of entrepreneurship in European Union countries, and (ii) whether there are any differences in this impact regarding the types of institutions and (iii) a country’s government budget size. Based on yearly panel data for 27 European Union countries in the years 2004–2019 and estimations of panel regression models, the results show that confidence in institutions is a significant factor in explaining entrepreneurship. However, institutional trust has no homogeneous effect on entrepreneurship, as the impact depends on the kind of institutions related to their functions and values as well as on the country’s characteristics in relation to the size of the government’s budget. Practical implications suggest the possibilities of supporting entrepreneurship—especially in countries with a relatively lower public redistribution—by raising the level of confidence in the European Central Bank. The originality of the paper is related to distinguishing institutional trust based on the type of institutions and the country’s characteristics of governmental budget size.
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Antropova, Olga Alexandrovna. "Entrepreneurship Education at School in European Union Countries." Pedagogika. Voprosy teorii i praktiki, no. 9 (October 2022): 879–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.30853/ped20220134.
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Palić, Petra, Nikolina Pejović, and Ana Pavković. "The State of Social Entrepreneurship in Selected European Union Countries." Acta economica et turistica 8, no. 1 (June 27, 2022): 3–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.46672/aet.8.1.1.
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Social entrepreneurs create value. Global problems such as poverty have been heightened by the economic crisis lately and continue to affect the lives of many people all over the world and bring a great deal of interest to the social economy. Social entrepreneurship is an important determinant of the social economy and describes a set of exceptional behaviors. This paper analyzes the notion, perception, and degree of social-economic development with an emphasis on social entrepreneurship in the selected countries of the European Union and Croatia. The analysis encompasses the concept and development of selected older members of the European Union and relies on post-socialist countries at the same time as the newest members of the European Union. By analyzing the facts it is trying to prove that the social economy and social entrepreneurship are more developed and more fragmented in the older and more developed countries of the European Union. Further evidence of this fact is the level of employment in the social economy in the European Union, where the postsocialist countries lag behind the more developed countries of the European Union.
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Dziuba, Radosław, Małgorzata Jabłońska, Konrad Sulak, and Katarzyna Ławińska. "Textile Sector of the Visegrad Group Countries in Trade with the European Union." Fibres and Textiles in Eastern Europe 26, no. 6(132) (December 31, 2018): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.5160.
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The Visegrad Group countries’ accession to the European Union (EU) gave new perspectives for the future economic and social development of the region. The full integration of the Visegrad Group countries with the European Union is conducive to generating new challenges i.a. in the field develop of broadly understood entrepreneurship. Textiles is one of the sectors of the European economy which, in the current financial perspective, significantly contributes to the creation of new jobs and the development of entrepreneurship, which ultimately affects the growth of competitiveness of the integrating countries. The aim of this paper is to examine the competitive position of the textile sector (CN 50-60 and 63) of the Visegrad Group countries as a whole in trade with the European Union in the period 2004-2016. Preliminary analysis of the problem allowed to formulate the following research hypothesis: The Visegrad Group countries’ accession to the European Union has a positive impact on entrepreneurship development and improving competitiveness of the textile sector of The Visegrad Group countries in the context of implementation of the Europe 2020 Strategy.
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Stanković, Jelena J., Ivana Marjanović, Sandra Milanović, and Milica Jovanović Vujatović. "DETERMINANTS OF ENTREPRENEURIAL DYNAMICS: THE CASE OF THE EUROPEAN UNION." Zbornik radova Ekonomskog fakulteta u Rijeci: časopis za ekonomsku teoriju i praksu/Proceedings of Rijeka Faculty of Economics: Journal of Economics and Business 40, no. 2 (December 30, 2022): 329–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.18045/zbefri.2022.2.329.
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Since economic theory identifies new enterprises as one of the basic drivers of economic growth, it brings to the forefront the need to understand the existing dynamics of entrepreneurship. Consequently, the identification of the basic entrepreneurship’s determinants is a central issue from both a theoretical and a practical point of view in contemporary literature. A better understanding of the factors influencing the dynamics of entrepreneurship is a basic precondition for creating effective policies aimed at encouraging the creation of new companies, and consequently, the creation of new jobs. Therefore, this paper addresses several important issues. From the theoretical standpoint, the role of entrepreneurial determinants in creating a new business is examined. From a practical standpoint, the basic formal institutional factors influencing the birth rate of new companies are analyzed. The analysis was conducted on a sample of European Union countries for the period from 2010 to 2019 using data from the World Bank’s Doing Business database, as well as data on business dynamics from the Eurostat database. A panel data regression analysis using the fixed-effects estimation procedure with Driscoll-Kraay standard errors was conducted, and the results indicate that the dynamics of new enterprises’ foundation are negatively affected by the total tax burden, as well as the cost of property registration, while the amount of initial capital required to open a business has a positive impact. The results of the research can serve as a basis for fine-tuning policies that will facilitate and encourage the creation of new enterprises.
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Tarabar, Danko. "Regional integration and entrepreneurship: evidence from European Union." Journal of Entrepreneurship and Public Policy 7, no. 2 (July 9, 2018): 117–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jepp-d-18-00003.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to empirically uncover the relationship between economic integration and levels of entrepreneurial activity across 24 EU countries between 2004 and 2012. The deepening of EU integration corresponds to increases in the size and competitiveness of domestic markets as member states reorient economic activity toward the larger, competitive single market. Spillovers of both economic and political dimensions of integration in the common market on micro firm and self-employment are considered. The paper contributes to the understanding of the hypothesized relationship between globalization and the rise of entrepreneurial economy. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses fixed effects linear regression models to estimate the marginal effects of economic integration on entrepreneurial activity. Several dependent variables and controls for social, economics, and institutional context are used to confirm the robustness of the results. Findings The paper finds that increased economic activity of member countries within the EU common market, as well as institutional compliance and integration in the European Monetary Union and Schengen Agreement are positively and significantly associated with the rise of entrepreneurship. Notably, it is found that a standard deviation increase in economic and political integration is associated with, respectively, 16 and 7.2 percent increase in micro firm density. Some preliminary evidence on the quality of the arising entrepreneurial activity are also given. Originality/value The paper takes stock of existing descriptive and theoretical literature on global economic integration and entrepreneurship to uncover, for the first time, the empirical relationship between entrepreneurship and levels of economic and political integration within the EU bloc.
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Rusu and Dornean. "The Quality of Entrepreneurial Activity and Economic Competitiveness in European Union Countries: A Panel Data Approach." Administrative Sciences 9, no. 2 (April 16, 2019): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/admsci9020035.
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To increase competitiveness, a country has to outperform its competitors in terms of research and innovation, entrepreneurship, competition, and education. In this paper, we aim to test the relationship between the quality of entrepreneurial activity and the economic competitiveness for the European Union countries by using panel data estimation techniques. Our research considers a sample of 28 EU countries over the period 2011–2017. For the empirical investigation we apply panel data regression models. The results obtained show that business, macroeconomic environment and the quality of entrepreneurship are significant determinants of economic competitiveness of EU countries. Thus, we identify significant positive relations between innovation rate, inflation rate, FDI and economic competitiveness, and significant negative relations between expectations regarding job creation, tax rate, costs and competitiveness. Our study completes the literature by analyzing the relationship between the quality of entrepreneurship and the competitiveness of countries, for an extensive sample formed by all the 28 countries members of the European Union for a period of seven recent years.
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KUPALOVA, Halina. "DEVELOPMENT OF PRODUCTION POTENTIAL OF TOURISM BUSINESS IN EU COUNTRIES." Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Economic sciences 304, no. 2(2) (March 18, 2022): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5740-2022-304-2(2)-5.
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Tourism entrepreneurship in a modern post-industrial society is an important component of the economy of Ukraine, as it allows the development of adjacent areas of production, contributes to regional development through the creation of additional jobs, employment of the population, and tax revenues. With Ukraine obtaining the status of a candidate for membership in the European Union, there is a need to analyze the evolution of tourism entrepreneurship in European countries, predict the scale of development of its production potential in the coming years. At the same time, first of all, it is advisable to clarify the understanding of the production potential of entrepreneurship essence from the point of view of theory. The purpose of the article is to clarify the essence, identify the main trends and calculate the forecast indicators of the tourism entrepreneurship production potential development in the EU countries, taking into account which will contribute to the accelerated integration of Ukraine into the international market of tourist services. The article discusses modern approaches to the interpretation of the “production potential” concept. The expediency of using the resource approach to the assessment of the production potential development of tourism entrepreneurship is substantiated. The structure of the production potential of tourism entrepreneurship of the EU was analyzed. The trends of changes in the structure of the tourism entrepreneurship production potential in the EU during 2011–2020 have been determined. The ranking of European countries by the growth rate of the total number of beds in tourist accommodations in 2011–2020 was carried out. With the help of VAR modeling, a forecast of the production potential development of the EU tourism business until 2030 was made.
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Teixeira, Sergio Jesus, Carla Maria Lopes Casteleiro, Ricardo Gouveia Rodrigues, and Maria Dulce Guerra. "Entrepreneurial intentions and entrepreneurship in European countries." International Journal of Innovation Science 10, no. 1 (March 5, 2018): 22–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijis-07-2017-0062.
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Purpose This study aims to pursue better understanding and investigation of the factor that can have an impact on the level of entrepreneurial activity. To achieve this, statistical analysis was conducted. Indicators from 22 countries of the European Union were reunited to compare the differences between entrepreneurial intention and entrepreneurship. Design/methodology/approach To analyse entrepreneurial intentions in Europe, two databases of the Global Databases Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) were used, namely, “GEM NES Key Indicators 2007-2015” and “GEM APS Key Indicators 2001-2015”, available at www.gemconsortium.org/data/sets, considering only the data from 2015 and analysed with IBM SPSS Statistics tool. Each original database includes 60 countries, and this study is limited to an analysis of only countries of the European continent, resulting in a sample of 22 countries. Findings The major determinants of the entrepreneurial intention in the countries studied were: “perceived capacity”; “entrepreneurial intention” itself which will, in fact, influence the “rate of nascent entrepreneurship”; “governmental and political factors” in relation to the respective “financing for the entrepreneur”; and “basic education and training” in entrepreneurship which influences “research and development”. Research limitations/implications This study has few limitations because, as it refers to a European analysis, it would require a more generalized analysis of the factors, such as to include more and better indicators for the demographic, economic and institutional determinants of the entrepreneurial intentions and entrepreneurship in the European countries under study. For future research on the explanation of commercial activity, we must address the methodological problem of distinguishing the effect of business intentions from other determinants, as these also influence entrepreneurial attitudes. Despite the conceptual and empirical limitations, the conclusions of the study imply and provide several recommendations for the future policy of entrepreneurship in Europe. Practical implications In the past decades, entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial intentions have gained increasing attention from academics, governments and politicians around the world. It is seen as a critical factor for economic growth and development of a country, as it contributes to the solution of fundamental macroeconomic issues such as increased employment, development of competitiveness, innovation and the creation of economic and social values. Therefore, academics and researchers, governments and politicians are interested in identifying the differences and causes between countries that influence the level of entrepreneurship as a phenomenon associated with business activity in a country. Social implications Results reveal that some of the key determinants of entrepreneurial intention in the European countries are related to policy factors, like “governmental and political factors” and “basic education and training” in entrepreneurship. In this way, the study can help politicians elaborate the policies related to entrepreneurship, implying an increase in entrepreneurial intentions in a country and consequently implications for socio-economic development. Originality/value To achieve the originality of the study, two databases of the GEM of 2015 were used and duly adapted. In this way, the value of the article is very significant, as it is possible to group data from several countries, to test hypotheses and to arrive at very useful conclusions that may be of interest to policymakers at both the European and national levels. The adoption of adequate policies promotes and supports entrepreneurship in the context of the Europe 2020 Strategy, which is the European Union’s growth strategy.
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Martinho, Vítor João Pereira Domingues. "Agricultural Entrepreneurship in the European Union: Contributions for a Sustainable Development." Applied Sciences 10, no. 6 (March 19, 2020): 2080. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10062080.
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Entrepreneurship is sometimes seen as a glimmer of hope which may bring about some contribution towards improving economic dynamics and performance, specifically in the creation of employment by young people, in general, with further educational training, greater flexibility and who are better prepared for working with new technologies. However, entrepreneurship in the agricultural sector is, in certain circumstances, viewed as being something incompatible or, at least, difficult to implement. More scientific studies in these fields could provide interesting contributions on the road to highlighting new ideas inside the farming sector. In this framework, the objective of this study is to explore the entrepreneurship dimensions within the European Union agriculture towards a more sustainable sector. In fact, without an economic dimension in farm management, its sustainability in the medium and long run may be compromised, increasing the abandonment of farming, namely in more disadvantaged regions. For this, the literature which is available on the platform Web of Science relating to the following three topics was initially analysed: entrepreneurship, agriculture, and the European Union. This literature was clustered through the VOSviewer software, an interesting tool for performing bibliometric analysis. Secondly, statistical information related to European Union agricultural entrepreneurship considering empirical approaches was also explored. The analysis carried out shows that the realities across European Union countries are, in fact, different, where the instruments from the common agricultural policies, for example, may play a crucial role in promoting more farming entrepreneurship in a more sustainable way.
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Dyvnych, Hanna. "REGULATIONS ON SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP: EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE." Baltic Journal of Legal and Social Sciences, no. 2 (October 25, 2022): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2592-8813-2022-2-8.
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Support of social entrepreneurship is a promising area of economic and social development of Ukraine, while the domestic regulatory framework does not define the concept of social entrepreneurship, and therefore the formation of the necessary mechanisms of public administration to support it is problematic. This study analysed the understanding of the concept of “social entrepreneurship” in regulations and official documents of the European Union and EU member states, such as Belgium, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Romania, Slovenia, Finland, and the former UK member states; the common elements of this concept are established and the author's definition of social entrepreneurship is formulated as a proposal for use in the Ukrainian system of public administration and relevant regulations; the legal basis for the regulation of social entrepreneurship in the above countries is outlined for use in further research to determine the necessary mechanisms of public administration in the field of social entrepreneurship in the reintegration of servicemen, veterans of ATO / JFO and their families.
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Nogueira, Manuel Carlos, and Mara Madaleno. "Are International Indices Good Predictors of Economic Growth? Panel Data and Cluster Analysis for European Union Countries." Sustainability 13, no. 11 (May 26, 2021): 6003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13116003.
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Every year, news about the publication of rankings and scores of important international indexes are highlighted, with some of the most prestigious being the Global Competitiveness Index (GCI), the Human Development Index (HDI), the Ease of Doing Business (EDB), the Environmental Performance Index (EPI) and the Global Entrepreneurship (GEI). A country’s progression in these indices is associated with economic growth, especially since several empirical studies have found evidence to reinforce these beliefs, the indices having been built based on the scientific literature on economic growth. Building a database on these indices for European Union countries between 2007 and 2017 and using panel data methodologies and then 2SLS (Two-Stage Least Squares) to solve the problem of endogeneity, we verify empirically through panel data estimates, what is the relationship between the mentioned indices and the European Union countries’ economic growth for the period. However, as the European Union is made up of diverse countries with different economic and social realities, we divided the countries into six clusters and made an individual interpretation for each one. We found that human development and competitiveness play an important role in economic growth, and entrepreneurship also impacts this growth. Regarding income distribution, applying the Gini index, we found that only human development mitigates inequalities.
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Kardos, Mihaela. "The Relationship between Entrepreneurship, Innovation and Sustainable Development. Research on European Union Countries." Procedia Economics and Finance 3 (2012): 1030–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2212-5671(12)00269-9.
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He, Qiuqin, and Tsung-Kuo Tien-Liu. "The Impact of FDI on Entrepreneurship in European Countries: Mechanism and Strength." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 23, no. 4 (July 20, 2019): 649–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2019.p0649.
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The role of foreign direct investment (FDI) in promoting entrepreneurship has attracted increasing attention from academics and policymakers. However, empirical research has failed to consider model uncertainty, leading to contradictory results. This study designs a new semi-parametric path approach to identify the mechanism and strength of FDIs’ impact on entrepreneurial activities through three levels of difference: the general, time, and country. Our results indicate that a conflicting relationship may occur between FDIs and entrepreneurial activity because the opposing influences at these three levels negate them. Nevertheless, our detailed results are important for guiding business organizations not only among the European Union, but also in specific European countries.
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Hamplová, Eva, and Jaroslav Kovárník. "Globalization and Entrepreneurship: Selected Topics in Visegrad Four Countries." SHS Web of Conferences 74 (2020): 05009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20207405009.
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Entrepreneurship is a specific and continuous activity of an individual or a group of individuals with the aim to create a profit. It is a very important activity not only in the perspective of national economy, but also in the context of global economy. This activity can create a lot of job opportunities, especially thanks to small and medium-sized enterprises. These companies have a very important role on every market. The aim of this article is to map the development of entrepreneurship in Visegrad Group countries, namely in the Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia, and Hungary, thanks to selected indicators between 2009 and 2017. These indicators are especially the increase of newly-established companies, their average growth rate, death rate, survival rate in all selected countries. All selected categories are consequently evaluated through one standardized criterion, which helps to compare all Visegrad Group countries and create the order of all countries with the aim to evaluate the business environment. This article opens the possibility to evaluate entrepreneurship and business environment in other countries as well, because this environment should be evaluated also in the Central European countries, European Union, or even in the OECD.
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Plotnieks, Dāvis. "Mechanisms Fostering Social Entrepreneurship as Potential Instruments for Economic Development: The Eastern Partnership Perspective." Baltic Journal of European Studies 4, no. 2 (October 1, 2014): 34–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bjes-2014-0014.
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Abstract With its plan to assign 600 million euros through the European Neighbourhood Instrument for Eastern Partnership countries, the European Union intended to increase the efficiency of institutions, attenuate social problems, and create an environment that fosters economic growth and human well-being in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Moldova, and Ukraine. A few scholars have criticized the amount of funding and planned initiatives of the European Neighbourhood Instrument as insufficient and suggested that in order to foster cooperation and support reforms in its Eastern Partnership countries, more action should be taken. In times when European Commission budget is under constraints of consolidation and increase of aid for supporting European Neighbourhood countries is hardly possible, alternative solutions for tempering social problems need to be assessed. Various scientists, philanthropists and entrepreneurs see social entrepreneurship as a tool for solving social problems in a sustainable way where business thinking is being combined with non-profit philosophy. Contrary to government support and intervention for solving social problems, social entrepreneurship is already being used as tool that initially addresses joint needs--solve social problems and create revenue that provides much needed income for sustainable business initiatives. This paper analyzes the concept of social entrepreneurship, examples where social entrepreneurship is solving social problems, and mechanisms that can foster these phenomena. The aim of this paper is to examine different mechanisms of how governments can foster the creation and development of social entrepreneurship. Unique survey data derived from a project examining social entrepreneurship in Europe is used. It is concluded that by adopting mechanisms proven in various developed countries, the Eastern Partnership countries can stimulate social entrepreneurship, thus attenuating social problems and creating environment that fosters economic growth and the wellbeing of people
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Olevsky, G. "Information and Communication Component of Modern Entrepreneurship." World Economy and International Relations, no. 10 (2012): 30–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2012-10-30-39.
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The extent of involvement of small business to the World Wide Web depends not only on the degree of activity of the entrepreneurs themselves, but also on the level of development of a virtual market space. Statistics show that in the European Union, for example, businessmen from countries just emerging from the inertia of the machine production are still fairly sluggish in the development of ICT. In the context of the problems of small business in general and of the European entrepreneurship, in particular, it can be argued that virtually oriented entrepreneurs need now a strong support at both the national and supra-national levels.
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Jabłońska, Małgorzata, Joanna Stawska, Radosław Dziuba, Mahmut Tekce, and Marta Krasoń. "Public Aid and Entrepreneurship During the Covid-19 Pandemic in the European Union Countries." Finanse i Prawo Finansowe 3, no. 31 (September 30, 2021): 57–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/2391-6478.3.31.04.
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The aim of the article: The outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic made it necessary to involve the state in the process of rescuing numerous business entities from bankruptcy. In the European Union, the aid measure for entrepreneurs takes a form of public aid, which, as it turns out, is the necessary and the only tool to protect SME sector enterprises against bankruptcy. Social isolation caused by the virus that spread on a large scale effectively inhibited the development of entrepreneurship, which is inherently related to the economic development of countries. The aim of the article is therefore to indicate that supporting entrepreneurs within the framework of public aid may help to reverse the unfavorable economic trends related to the disturbed development of entrepreneurship.
Methodology: The article analyzes and assesses the government solutions introduced to the Polish economic reality, the purpose of which is to counteract the effects of Covid-19. The paper presents the current public aid tools available to entrepreneurs along with their financial dimension.
Results of the research: State aid granted by the state to entrepreneurs during the crisis caused by Covid-19 is indispensable for their further functioning. The paper presents aid instruments related to COVID-19 that are available to entrepreneurs. The analysis shows that public aid addressed to entrepreneurs injured as a result of the lockdown comes from many sources and is almost tailored to the individual entrepreneur. The entities providing aid on the basis of state aid include: banks, local government units, executive bodies of local government units, Social Insurance Fund, State Fund for Rehabilitation of Disabled People, financial intermediaries, bodies constituting local government units, the European Investment Bank, Polish Development Fund, district and voivodeship labor offices and BGK (Bank Gospodarstwa Krajowego). Having prepared a package of systemic solutions, the government introduced them systematically, depending on the situation of individual sectors of the economy. Special solutions in the form of financial shields were addressed directly to the tourism sector (e.g. loans for tour operators) or the catering sector, which in the face of the pandemic were most exposed to a decrease in revenues. The impact of introduced solutions on the country’s economy can be assessed only in the next few years, but the multitude and diversified nature of the anti-crisis solutions introduced in Poland will certainly contribute to slowing down the negative consequences of Covid-19 in the economy.
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Papakitsos, Evangelos C., Konstantinos Karakiozis, and Anastasios Mavrakis. "Towards Sustainable Development and Green Economy in European Union." Journal of Economics and Management Sciences 1, no. 2 (August 20, 2018): p27. http://dx.doi.org/10.30560/jems.v1n2p27.
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Sustainable development is suggested by environmentalists as the solution for confronting the intense environmental, social and economic problems that emerge globally in the last decades. This study presents the recent features and trends of the associated concepts, like the green economy, green entrepreneurship, green professions and labour-market, with a particular reference to European Union countries. In the course of transforming the current economic model towards a green direction, vocational education appears as a fundamental prerequisite that will prepare the future workforce of green economy. In this respect, a small-scale research is also presented, recording the relevant opinions of senior high-school students in Western Attica (Greece), being an area of acute environmental, social and economic problems.
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Ignatov, Augustin. "Institutional Efficiency, Entrepreneurship, and the Premises of Economic Development in the Eastern European Countries." Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai Oeconomica 64, no. 2 (August 1, 2019): 12–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/subboec-2019-0007.
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Abstract The development gap between the “Old” and “New” member countries of the European Union is an important problem challenging the efficiency and strength of the European single market. In this regard, a subsequent question arises: which actions in the policy making must be undertaken, by both national and supranational authorities, to stimulate cohesion in the EU and which directions should be followed? The present paper tries to answer this question considering the perspective of the Eastern European nations and their economic development premises analysing the aspects of governmental participation in the economy and the influence of entrepreneurship upon long run competitiveness. The research results explicitly underline that entrepreneurship in the Eastern European nations is a determinative driver of long-term economic competitiveness due to its favourable impact upon the formation of human capital, enhancement of innovation potential and overall intellectual resources of nations. The effects of governmental participation in the economy upon the economic growth premises are heterogeneous including on the formation of physical and intellectual capital. Consequently, it was reached the conclusion that the Eastern European Nations should prioritise entrepreneurship since it is capable of boosting human capital creation and, at the same time, they should improve the institutional quality to minimise the factors undermining the business including corruption and red-tape, etc. In such a way, the Eastern European countries can overcome, in the long run, the development gap with the Western EU states and raise their economic potential.
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Jurickova, Eva. "Efficiency of innovation system in the Czech Republic: Comparison with other European countries." New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Humanities and Social Sciences 4, no. 10 (January 12, 2018): 90–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/prosoc.v4i10.3066.
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This paper examines the efficiency of the innovation system in the Czech Republic compared to other European Union countries. The analysis is based on a data envelopment method using a model containing innovation drivers, knowledge creation and indicators of innovation and entrepreneurship as inputs, and intellectual property and application assets producing outputs of the national innovation systems of selected European countries. The data envelopment analysis method focuses on non-parametric linear programming, examining the relative performance and efficiency of particular units under a constant return to scale, converting inputs into outputs as variables of modelling. The measured technical efficiency indicates a difference in performance of innovation systems of selected countries of the European Union and compares an obtained score in efficiency evaluated in the model. The Czech Republic belongs to the moderate group in terms of innovation performance; its national innovation system is characterised by weaknesses in intellectual assets and research. Keywords: Innovation, national innovation system, DEA modelling, technical efficiency.
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Popa, Elena-Izabela, Amalia Furdui, and Eduard-Victor Edelhauser. "Considerations on Management for Technological Entrepreneurship." MATEC Web of Conferences 290 (2019): 07011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201929007011.
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The study focuses on the idea that the variations between countries regarding entrepreneurial activity and spatial structure of economies could be the source of various efficiencies in disseminating knowledge and economic growth.The study aims at developing an empirical model for both entrepreneurial activity and agglomeration effects on knowledge diffusion. The model is tested using cross-border data to measure the level of entrepreneurship in each economy. We believe that, after controlling the knowledge pool and R & D spending, both entrepreneurial activity and agglomeration have a positive and statistically significant effect on technological change in the European Union.
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Ionescu, George H., Daniela Firoiu, Ramona Pîrvu, Marian Enescu, Mihai-Ionuț Rădoi, and Teodor Marian Cojocaru. "The Potential for Innovation and Entrepreneurship in EU Countries in the Context of Sustainable Development." Sustainability 12, no. 18 (September 4, 2020): 7250. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12187250.
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For the European Union, innovation and entrepreneurship are strong vectors to overcome global societal challenges from climate change and sustainable energy to food and healthy living. Innovation is a facilitator of entrepreneurship and a way of empowering people to take charge of their lives and economic prosperity. At the same time, entrepreneurship is the answer to innovation, the concepts of innovation and entrepreneurship being undeniably interrelated. This research proposes assessing the potential for innovation and entrepreneurship in EU countries in the context of sustainable development. With the help of hierarchical clustering analysis, EU countries were classified into four relevant clusters on the basis of the variables considered, which allowed the identification of common features and existing differences. The research was conducted using data provided by the Global Innovation Index, Global Entrepreneurship Index, Eurostat database, and Candriam ESG Country Report at the level of the 27 EU countries. The main results revealed high-performing countries in terms of innovation and entrepreneurship potential, providing relevant information for policy-makers, business practitioners, NGOs, and academics on the direction they need to take for good practice models to be adapted and implemented in countries with sub-optimal performance, to provide them with support for improvement of their innovation and entrepreneurship potential.
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Pendiuc, Tudor, and Elena Carmen Lis. "ANALYSIS OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN ROMANIA COMPARATIVE WITH THE EU COUNTRIES -27." Problems of Management in the 21st Century 8, no. 1 (December 10, 2013): 81–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/pmc/13.08.81b.
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Entrepreneurship is a socio-economic phenomenon of great complexity, defining the market economy system. As the business environment becomes more complex and competitive, the entrepreneurs must become more creative and receptive to what is new and innovative. For Romania the promotion and development of entrepreneurship were a central objective in the last decade for job creation, competitiveness growth and sustainable economic development. Regardless of the method chosen to develop a business, the entrepreneur must operate with criteria of rationality in terms of choices, decisions and performance evaluation. This work aims a comparative analysis of the main issues concerning the development of entrepreneurship in Romania compared to other EU countries. It emphasizes the following aspects: a) option on the status of employee/contractor; b) the important factors in the decision on starting/taking over a business; c) difficulties to start/taking over a business. Based on the analysis were resulted conclusions on the main economic and social features of entrepreneurship in Romania compared to other European Union member states. It was stressed the importance of entrepreneurship development on the Romanian economy, by analyzing the factors that encourage or discourage the entrepreneurship. The research was conducted using a variety of bibliographic sources such as statistics, analysis, reports, professional articles. Key words: entrepreneurship, entrepreneur, business, Romania, E.U. member states.
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Bogusz, Małgorzata, and Monika Wojcieszak-Zbierska. "MULTIPURPOSE RURAL DEVELOPMENT IN SELECTED EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES (EXAMPLES OF IMPLEMENTED PROJECTS)." Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists XXII, no. 3 (September 7, 2020): 42–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.3809.
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The purpose of this paper is to present, by means of case studies, examples of activities in the field of multipurpose development businesses which, due to services offered, their location and recognition, can serve as good practices and provide inspiration for the development of such activities in rural areas of selected EU countries. A key aspect of multipurpose rural development is to shift from single-function development towards farm diversification in order to engage in and develop non-agricultural activities. The concept of multipurpose rural development, where agriculture is no longer the sole function of rural areas, has often become a panacea for maintaining the basic form of agriculture, especially in areas affected by severe fragmentation of agricultural land. The examples found in three countries (Poland, Spain and Romania) showed that agriculture can be combined with non-agricultural activities with environmentally-friendly, innovative and educational concepts. The analyzed cases also showed that entrepreneurship in rural areas is often carried out in accordance with the principles of sustainable development, and the multifunctional nature of these activities indicates that even small farms are able to survive. However, it is important that it is not only agricultural activity, but other activities connected with it, using natural and cultural resources of farms and villages, such as processing or education.
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Ilić, Vladimir, Milan Mihajlović, and Milena Knežević. "The role of social entrepreneurship in modern business conditions." Oditor 8, no. 2 (2022): 75–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/oditor2202074i.
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The goal this one work is indicate on the meaning and role social entrepreneurial things in contemporary economy working realization overall economic development. The essence existence company in areas social entrepreneurial things it is solution social questions and reduction poor thing. Helping endangered categories residential property implements se active through the Work social company, in particular in countries European union. Development social entrepreneurial things is unambiguously connected with increasing niwa employment, development new ones skills and creation conditions For inclusion in society socially endangered.
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Krasovskiy, N. A. "Entrepreneurship support institutions in Russia." Vestnik Universiteta, no. 4 (June 5, 2021): 116–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.26425/1816-4277-2021-4-116-122.
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The article presents historical and modern aspects of the theory of entrepreneurship, the role of entrepreneurship in the socio-economic life of the country. The paper considers the reasons: why the state should create conditions for the development of small and medium-sized businesses. The study gives criteria for defining small and medium-sized businesses in Russia and in the European Union. The author studies and presents the main indicators that characterize the degree of development of small and medium-sized businesses in terms of their involvement in the economy. The article gives the classification of the main measures to support small and medium-sized businesses in countries with a developed business sector. The paper considers the main measures of state support for entrepreneurship in Russia and assesses their effectiveness.
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Gawel, Aleksandra. "International Trade in the High-Tech Sector—Support or Obstacle to Start-Up Processes at the Macro Level in European Union Countries?" Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research 16, no. 5 (June 10, 2021): 1877–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jtaer16050105.
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High-tech internationalization touches on two aspects impacting entrepreneurship: openness of the economy and its level of innovativeness. Both of them might positively or negatively affect the process of new company creations, as suggested by the concept of entrepreneurial regime with creative destruction or by the concept of routinized regime with creative accumulation. The aim of the article is to assess the impact of high-tech internationalization on the start-up process of new company creation. Cluster analysis and panel modeling for European Union countries in 2009–2018 were conducted. The research results distinguish clusters of European Union countries with a different level of high-tech internationalization. The impact of high-tech internationalization on start-up rates is significant in the case of both clusters; however, it is stronger in the cluster of countries with a relatively higher level of high-tech international openness. The high-tech intra-EU import and extra-EU high-tech export negatively affect the rate of new enterprise creation in both clusters. Additionally, extra-EU import in clusters with a relatively higher level of high-tech internationalization also negatively impacts start-up rates. The only aspect supporting the start-up process is the level of intra-EU export in clusters with higher levels of high-tech internationalization. The results suggest that in European Union countries, creative accumulation is the dominant phenomenon.
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Gendon, Anzhelika L., and Galina F. Golubeva. "FINANCIAL SUPPORT (NOT TAX) OF THE ECONOMY IN THE EU COUNTRIES DUE TO THE PANDEMIC." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 3, no. 11 (2021): 251–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2021.11.03.039.
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The article examines the financial support (not tax) of the economy in the EU countries due to the pandemic. A comprehensive vision of the situation and strategic planning are the foundation of the Euro-pean Union's economic policy. These qualities help to develop comprehensive measures to stabilize the labor market and entrepreneurship in the countries of the European Union in the context of a global emergency. A positive factor is also the fact that in an epidemic situation, political decisions of various states are aimed at introducing socially oriented measures that support their citizens.
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Tepavcevic, Sanja. "Immigrant Entrepreneurship in Post-Socialist Countries of the European Union: Motives and Patterns of Entrepreneurship of Post-Soviet Immigrants in Hungary." Migracijske i etničke teme / Migration and Ethnic Themes 33, no. 1 (2017): 65–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.11567/met.33.1.3.
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Stevanović, Miroslav, and Dragan Đurđević. "The problem of the Eurozone in the process of European integration from the aspect of entrepreneurship planning in the Republic of Serbia." Megatrend revija 18, no. 4 (2021): 129–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/megrev2104129s.
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The situation in eurozone, which encompasses some of the most developed countries, inevitably impacts the planning of individual entrepreneurship in Serbia, as the candidate for EU membership. In this article, we analyze how much the eurozone is part of economic integration in Europe or the result of that process in the context of the political process of EU enlargement. In this context, we look into the motives for integration and enlargement, the institutional framework for the functioning of the monetary union, and the implications on the concept of European integration. The findings indicate that entrepreneurship planning, today, cannot rely on the monetary stability provided by the institutions of the eurozone and that there are indications of divisions within the EU itself. Moreover, some of the observed problems indicate that monetary policy is one of the key sources of disagreement within the European Union and that for now, it is unlikely that real monetary stability will be ensured outside the accounting operations of the European and national central banks. The conclusion that follows is that, while the Republic of Serbia still has monetary sovereignty, entrepreneurship, primarily small and medium-sized, must focus primarily on internal resources and find internal models that will provide a market orientation of capital, in which the leading role could be played. has a chamber connection.
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K. Batsakis, Georgios. "Impediments on the way to entrepreneurship. Some new evidence from the EU's post-socialist world." Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development 21, no. 3 (August 12, 2014): 385–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsbed-04-2014-0062.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to shed light on traditionally important determinants (demographics, peoples’ perceptions, and environmental characteristics) of entrepreneurial engagement in the post-socialist region of the European Union (EU). Design/methodology/approach – A rich data set obtained from the Flash Eurobarometer Survey on Entrepreneurship 2007 is used, while a binomial probit regression model is employed. Findings – Gender, mother's occupation, unemployment, and economic growth are reported as significant determinants of entrepreneurship. The econometric results also suggest that lack of financial resources, individual's risk aversion, a large number of start-up procedures, and increased tax rates are all positively, rather than negatively related to entrepreneurial engagement. Research limitations/implications – It is suggested that the recent structural changes that have occurred in the examined region, as well as the transition process under which the examined countries operate have influenced the attitude of individuals towards entrepreneurial engagement. Originality/value – The study provides useful information in relation to the attitude of a post-socialist society towards structural issues which have possibly impeded its engagement to entrepreneurship. Both the geographic area (post-socialist European countries) and the time the data were collected (i.e. three years after the examined countries’ accession to the EU) can be perceived as factors of great interest for both policy makers and entrepreneurs.
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Cooke, Philip. "World Turned Upside Down: Entrepreneurial Decline, Its Reluctant Myths and Troubling Realities." Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity 5, no. 2 (April 9, 2019): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/joitmc5020022.
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The aim of this paper is to attempt to understand why the popular academic and policy field of promoting, studying and evangelising “entrepreneurship” should have been associated with great success but, in the past twenty years or more in many advanced economies, so much failure. From the US to lesser and developing countries, emerging economies and the European Union, entrepreneurship, especially in regard to start-ups and particularly high-tech start-ups, has been in constant more or less recent decline. This is seldom registered in the mainstream literature where a positive and benign profile is generally presented. The paper examines this phenomenon, ties it partly with the “productivity paradox” and seeks tentative hypotheses in relation to the apparent illusions if not delusions regarding “entrepreneurship”.
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Rusu, Valentina Diana, and Angela Roman. "E-Entrepreneurship and Economic Development: the Case of EU Countries." Open Economics 3, no. 1 (March 13, 2020): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/openec-2020-0001.
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AbstractThe aim of our paper is to identify how entrepreneurs from European Union (EU) countries use information and communications technologies (ICTs) in their business activities. We also propose to identify if there are differences in the use of ICTs by entrepreneurs, according to level of economic development of EU countries. In order to achieve these goals, we analyse a sample of EU countries, by including them into two groups, according to the stage of their economic development. For analysing the data, we use several methods (the logical-constructive method, comparative methods and benchmarking). The benchmarking method helps us to estimate indicators at country level and to compare them between countries. Our results indicate that e-entrepreneurship in developed countries is more advanced compared to developing countries. There are also significant differences regarding the use of informational technologies between types of firms by their size. Small enterprises use in a lower proportion ICTs in their activity compared with large firms. Through the content of our research, we emphasize that in order to adapt to the rapid changing environment and also to the changes in the consumer’s behaviour the enterprises should focus on introducing the ICTs in their activity to face the competition. Also, government policies should pay more attention to supporting development of information technology infrastructure.
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Cieślik, Jerzy, Eugene Kaciak, and André van Stel. "Country-level determinants and consequences of overconfidence in the ambitious entrepreneurship segment." International Small Business Journal: Researching Entrepreneurship 36, no. 5 (January 10, 2018): 473–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0266242617748201.
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Countries vary widely and systematically in the extent to which the ambitions of their entrepreneurs differ from their realisations. We label this discrepancy entrepreneurial overconfidence (EOC). Although a certain level of EOC may be beneficial for an economy, we provide empirical support for the argument that if entrepreneurial ambitions substantially and systematically exceed realisations, this may be at the cost of economic and societal prosperity. Therefore, we need to know more about country levels of EOC and their determinants, particularly with respect to the growth-oriented segment of entrepreneurship. Combining data on entrepreneurial ambitions from Global Entrepreneurship Monitor and data on realisations from Eurostat, we construct a measure of EOC at the country level and correlate its variation across 23 European Union (EU) countries over the period 2004–2015 with a set of economic and cultural factors. Among other findings, our results show that ambitions exceed realisations in almost all countries, but that this discrepancy is significantly greater for new member countries entering the EU since 2004. Policy implications of our results are discussed, particularly for promoting ambitious entrepreneurship in countries at the intermediate development stage.
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Đaković Radojičić, Ivana, Jelena Raut, Slavica Mitrović Veljković, Branislav Dudić, Silvia Treľová, and Vijoleta Vrhovac. "Factors That Limit the Development of the Digital Entrepreneurial System in the Scale-Up Phase of the Enterprise Life Cycle." Mathematics 10, no. 9 (May 9, 2022): 1606. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10091606.
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For the interpretation of digital entrepreneurship, the context in which the entrepreneurial process takes place plays an important role. The context emphasizes that to analyze the entrepreneurial process, it is no longer sufficient to analyze only the entrepreneurial actions, but also the environment in which the entrepreneurial process takes place. The aim of this paper is to analyze the part of the context in which the entrepreneurial process takes place in the Republic of Serbia, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Hungary. Following the methodology of The European Index of Digital Entrepreneurship Systems (EIDES), the paper analyzes the system framework conditions, in the scale-up phase of the enterprise life cycle, in the digital dimension. The aim of this paper is a comparative analysis of three countries in transition with one country belonging to the European Union. After identifying the most developed factors, as well as the most underdeveloped factors, the paper discusses the conditions that influenced the results achieved in the four previously listed countries and why their improvement is important.
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Szelewa, Dorota. "Recurring ideas: Searching for the roots of right-wing populism in Eastern Europe." European Journal of Cultural Studies 23, no. 6 (May 27, 2020): 989–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367549420921400.
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The main sets of ideas that dominated discourses on market-making and democratization in Eastern Europe during the 1990s concerned: first, the superiority of market-led mechanisms of exchange and distribution with individual responsibility and entrepreneurship; and second, the conservative gender order, with women disappearing from the public domain, now being responsible for domestic sphere and the biological reproduction of the nation. Suppressed when these countries were on the path for joining the European Union, the ideas have been now recurring in a new form, representing the basis for the right-wing populist turn in several of the post-communist countries.
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Rudenko, S., L. Komakha, and D. Nelipa. "PECULIARITIES OF FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT OF UNIVERSITY CENTERS OF CREATIVE ENTREPRENEURSHIP OF EUROPE AND CHINA." Financial and credit activity problems of theory and practice 4, no. 39 (September 10, 2021): 396–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.18371/fcaptp.v4i39.241403.
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Abstract. University centers of creative entrepreneurship are becoming the drivers of the modern economy of the world’s leading countries and form a global academic entrepreneurial movement nowadays. Each of the leading countries or groups of countries has certain peculiarities and its own experience of financial management of such centers. Therefore, there is an actual task of comparative analysis of the peculiarities of these centers of those countries that are most successful in implementing innovations, identifying common features, patterns and differences. Such an analysis is especially important for Ukraine, where the movement of academic creative entrepreneurship is at an early stage of development. The systematic analysis found out that the EU countries are characterized by a predominantly distributed or so-called network structure of financial management of university centers of creative entrepreneurship, and China is characterized by a predominantly hierarchical structure. A characteristic difference between the academic business movement of the EU and China lies also in the fact that the basis of management of these centers in the EU, including financial management, is self-government, which is a consequence of the tradition of self-government of European universities. For China, this factor is inferior to the tradition of centralized administration. The main function of financial management of creative entrepreneurship centers is established. This includes facilitating access to credit for researchers, research and project teams of universities, forming an ecosystem to support innovation, providing intermediary services for financial support of innovation, creating an environment for cooperation, reducing the financial risks of investors and increasing the effectiveness of innovation. The tools of financial management of creative academic entrepreneurship are systematized. The comparative analysis identified and detailed the peculiarities of financial management of university centers of creative entrepreneurship for the European Union and the People’s Republic of China, in particular, the peculiarities of the management structure and the tools characteristic of the EU or PRC for funding research and development of the mentioned centers. The results of the study can be useful in creating a national system of financial management of university centers of creative entrepreneurship. Keywords: system analysis, university centers, creative entrepreneurship, innovation, financial management. JEL Classification O3, Q43, P5 Formulas: 2; fig.: 2; tabl.: 0; bibl.: 21.
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Meyer, Natanya, and Jacques De Jongh. "The Importance of Entrepreneurship as a Contributing Factor to Economic Growth and Development: The Case of Selected European Countries." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 10, no. 4(J) (September 14, 2018): 287–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v10i4(j).2428.
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Entrepreneurship has been pointed out as a key contributor to sustained economic growth and development as it not only creates employment, but increased spending in markets, knowledge transfers, employment and innovation. However, very few studies exist that empirically measures the relationship between the three variables; economic growth, economic development and entrepreneurship. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine and highlight the importance of entrepreneurship as a contributing factor to economic growth and development. Traditionally, economic growth is measured by the gross domestic product (GDP) of a country. As no formal measurement of economic development exists, an index was created taking into consideration the Human Development Index (HDI), percentage population above the poverty line and employment rate. The entrepreneurship development variable is measured by the Total Early-Stage Entrepreneurial Activity (TEA). The study followed a quantitative research design and made use of secondary time series data with the sample period ranging from 2005 to 2016. The study area comprised five selected member states of the European Union (EU) which included Germany, the Netherlands, Hungary, Belgium and Poland. Findings suggest that economic growth, development and entrepreneurship seem to be inexplicably connected. As several other factors may also contribute to the fluctuations of economic growth and development results differed from one country to another. However, the analyses from the Dutch, Hungarian and Polish economies for the period under consideration reveal correspondingly healthy economic and social environments where entrepreneurial climates are flourishing. The analysis from Germany and Belgium, however reveal subdued entrepreneurial development. Based on these findings, it is recommended that the development of SME sectors especially in transition economies be centralised as important focus areas towards improving economic and social growth outlooks. In turn, policy stakeholders should ensure the creation of enabling environments structured around responsive micro and macro decision-making.
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Baranauskas, Gedas, and Agota Giedrė Raišienė. "Transition to Digital Entrepreneurship with a Quest of Sustainability: Development of a New Conceptual Framework." Sustainability 14, no. 3 (January 19, 2022): 1104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14031104.
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Recent results of the Digital Economy and Society Index (52, 45%) and the European Index of Digital Entrepreneurship Systems (EIDES) (48%) illustrate an improved level of the digital performance in European Union countries and a significant progress towards unlocking the productivity of digital value co-creation and collaborative networks. It is also agreed that the rapid digitalization of the economy and the digital entrepreneurship approach fosters a transition of traditional business models to networked and integrated digital platform business models. Despite the well-recognized benefits of the digital entrepreneurship and the digital business ecosystem, application of emerging technologies and modern business models also brings inevitable sustainable management challenges. The main negative outcomes are in the disruption or exposure of vulnerabilities within collaborative organizational and social networks, the additional socio-technical pressure for both network supervisors and incumbents, and the asymmetry of digital information and resources, etc. Therefore, the present research provides a critical review on the scientific literature, a reconceptualization within the multi-level side effects, and an overview of the influence of the digital entrepreneurship within the sustainability and digital business ecosystem domains. The present paper delineates the sustainable digital entrepreneurship term and the combined conceptual framework of the digital sustainable value cycle.
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JENSON, JANE. "Modernising the European Social Paradigm: Social Investments and Social Entrepreneurs." Journal of Social Policy 46, no. 1 (July 21, 2016): 31–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279416000428.
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AbstractPolicy perspectives of the European Union as well as those of member states currently link the concepts of social investment and social entrepreneurship in order to advocate both where and how to intervene. The argument of this article is that the explicit linking of these two notions, by policy-makers at several different levels and scales of authority, constitutes an emerging policy paradigm. The article identifies three characteristics of any paradigm, including that a policy paradigm must provide a perspective on the maintenance of the well-being of both society and individuals. Despite variation across countries and levels of authority (a characteristic of any paradigm) policy communities proffer the quasi-concepts of social investment and social entrepreneurship in combination as the appropriate ways to govern financing and the delivery of social investments. Therefore, social enterprises are targeted to receive public financing in order to deliver social investments in activation (training, employability, job support and wage supplements) as well as childcare. Reliance on this assemblage is documented across scales from the local through the national, transnational and international.
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Mukumov, Bobur. "PROBLEMS OF REGULATORY REGULATION OF ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITY IN THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN." Jurisprudence 1, no. 6 (December 15, 2021): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.51788/tsul.jurisprudence.1.6./kgkx9833.
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This article discusses the current problems negatively affecting the development of entrepreneurship in the Republic of Uzbekistan. The article notes that the development of entrepreneurship generates a competitive environment, improves the investment attractiveness of the country, which plays an important role in creating favorable living conditions. The author analyzes foreign experience regarding the development of entrepreneurship. In particular, the positive experience of such countries as the People’s Republic of China, the Republic of Korea, and Japan has been studied. In these countries, special attention is paid to the development of small business, which occupies a significant place in the formation of GDP and the creation of new jobs. The development of entrepreneurship in these countries is significantly superior to the countries of the European Union in some indicators. The author notes that the legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan pays special attention to the reforms carried out in the countries in the field of digitalization and development of the electronic economy in the implementation of entrepreneurial activities. In the scientific article, the author pointed out specific problems that hinder the development of entrepreneurial activity in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Based on the analysis, practical proposals are given to improve the regulatory legal acts regulating entrepreneurial activity in the Republic of Uzbekistan. The scientific novelty of the scientific article consists in the development of fundamentally new proposals for improving the regulatory framework in the field of entrepreneurial activity in the Republic of Uzbekistan.
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Vodă, Ana Iolanda, Gina Ionela Butnaru, and Rodica Cristina Butnaru. "Enablers of Entrepreneurial Activity across the European Union—An Analysis Using GEM Individual Data." Sustainability 12, no. 3 (January 31, 2020): 1022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12031022.
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The objective of this study involves identifying the influence of different perceptual attributes on the likelihood of engaging in early-stage entrepreneurial activities (TEA). The study correspondingly applies individual data based on the statistics gathered from Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) Adult Population Survey database for 18 European Countries in 2007 and 2014. We performed several logistic regression analyses in order to test the influence of some entrepreneurial attributes on the propensity to engage in TEA. We identified four perceptual determinants: Capability to identify opportunity; having the skills, knowledge and experience to start up a business; fear of failure; and knowing other entrepreneurs. We tested their effect along with some control variables and interaction effects. The results confirm the importance of these factors in explaining entrepreneurial activities across different economies.
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KRUPA, MARIAN. "DETERMINATION OF FAMILY BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT IN POLAND AT EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES PERSPECTIVE." sj-economics scientific journal 29, no. 2 (June 30, 2018): 240–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.58246/sjeconomics.v29i2.134.
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Family business development in Poland, as much as in EU countries, represents true phenomenon that requires systematic research and analysis. In spite of all family business fall within to the same economic rules as others, they are very often covered by the idealistic imagination. There is no doubt, one of the most important value that appears and develops within family business is related to mutual help and altruism. On the other hand, family business management has to be related both to social values and economic ones. It often leads to all kinds of internal and external conflicts. It is necessary to remember that family businesses represent globally 90% of all entrepreneurships.
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KRUPA, MARIAN. "DETERMINATION OF FAMILY BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT IN POLAND AT EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES PERSPECTIVE." sj-economics scientific journal 31, no. 4 (December 30, 2018): 373–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.58246/sjeconomics.v31i4.76.
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Family business development in Poland, as much as in EU countries, represents true phenomenon that requires systematic research and analysis. In spite of all family business fall within to the same economic rules as others, they are very often covered by the idealistic imagination. There is no doubt, one of the most important value that appears and develops within family business is related to mutual help and altruism. On the other hand, family business management has to be related both to social and economic values. It often leads to all kinds of internal and external conflicts. It is necessary to remember that family businesses globally represent 90% of all entrepreneurships.
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Rusu, Valentina Diana, Angela Roman, Mihaela Brîndușa Tudose, and Oana Mirela Cojocaru (Diaconescu). "An Empirical Investigation of the Link between Entrepreneurship Performance and Economic Development: The Case of EU Countries." Applied Sciences 12, no. 14 (July 7, 2022): 6867. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12146867.
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Theory and practice suggest that entrepreneurship is the engine of economic growth. The speed with which a nation moves from economic growth to economic development depends on the performance of entrepreneurial initiatives. Given the role played by entrepreneurship for the development of an economy, increasing its performance can help the development of national markets and the increase in national competitiveness. The main objective of our paper is to investigate the link between entrepreneurial performance and economic development of countries. The research was carried out on a sample of 27 European Union countries in a period of twelve years. We used panel data regression models. As dependent variables for expressing the economic development, we considered the global competitiveness index and the gross domestic product per capita growth. As independent variables, we used a set of indicators measuring entrepreneurial performance. Our findings highlight the significant role played by increased entrepreneurial performance for enhancing the economic development of EU countries. We also find that some indicators expressing entrepreneurial performance might have different effects on the economy depending on the stage of economic development of countries. Our research provides empirical evidence regarding the need for performant entrepreneurial activities for enhancing economic development.
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Holdsworth, Clare, and Marina Mendonça. "Young entrepreneurs and non-teleological temporality in Portugal and the UK." Time & Society 29, no. 1 (September 12, 2019): 103–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0961463x19873783.
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The promotion of young enterprise is central to European Union youth policy, particularly since the financial crisis of 2007/2008. Expectations that young people need to be enterprising and eschew dependency on formal structures of salaried employment are a key narrative in European and national youth policies. These policy initiatives correspond with recent theoretical development of the entrepreneurial self as a managerial version of the governable individual. Endorsements of entrepreneurship implicitly promote a normative expectation that young people’s future orientations need to be innovative, flexible and creative. There is, therefore, an implicit temporality to youth entrepreneurship. This paper’s contribution to scholarship on how young lives are promoted and produced as entrepreneurial selves is to document how young people’s engagement with entrepreneurship fosters orientations to present and future. Conventionally entrepreneurs are assumed to be goal-orientated. In our qualitative study of young entrepreneurs in two European countries (n = 28), we find that this assumption of goal-orientation needs qualification. Young entrepreneurs in our study engage with the idea that being an entrepreneur is about being creative rather than seeking to maximise financial profit. Their focus on creativity, innovation and problem-solving is realised through a non-teleological commitment to what they are doing in the here and now, rather than calibrating their activities in relation to predetermined goals and worrying about the possibility of future failure.
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Seikkula-Leino, Jaana, Maria Salomaa, Svanborg Rannveig Jónsdóttir, Elin McCallum, and Hazel Israel. "EU Policies Driving Entrepreneurial Competences—Reflections from the Case of EntreComp." Sustainability 13, no. 15 (July 22, 2021): 8178. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13158178.
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The United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals promote entrepreneurial competences as a means of supporting young people to innovate, start businesses, and create jobs. Furthermore, the European Union considers entrepreneurial skills to be essential in creating welfare and economic sustainability. Empowering individuals with entrepreneurship education, an entrepreneurial mindset and behaviors, are tools to develop human capital. This article explores how European policies can drive development of entrepreneurial competences by examining the case of the European Framework for Entrepreneurial Competences (EntreComp) and its integration into education and training development in different countries. With this research, we contribute education development from the practical point of view by analyzing how a cross section of actors, using EntreComp as a European framework for entrepreneurial competences, see that entrepreneurial learning has been realized and could be further supported in transnational education contexts. We will also expand the theoretical discussion of entrepreneurship education from the perspective of education sciences, as we have not previously obtained clarifying results or conclusions on how, for example, the educational change related to the development of entrepreneurship education should be implemented. The research data was collected through a case study, for which an online survey including both quantitative and qualitative approaches was conducted in 2020. Responses from 348 respondents from 47 countries were analyzed through an extended model for learning originally conceptualized by Shulman and Shulman (2004). The findings suggest that EntreComp has been widely recognized as a critical driver of competence in entrepreneurial education. However, a lack of shared vision and development of practice in the use of EntreComp can hinder the effective implementation of the framework. Thus, further support and guidance are needed in promoting the learning process of policymakers, educators, trainers, and other stakeholders, on both micro- and macro-level education design, to support successful adoption and adaptation of the policy-driven frameworks.
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Fomina, Yulia A., and Irina V. Katunina. "Motives of Social Entrepreneurship in the EU’s Education and Enlightenment Field." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Ekonomika, no. 54 (2021): 255–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/19988648/54/15.
Full textAbstract:
This study examines the motives (reasons) of social entrepreneurship in the field of education and enlightenment of the European Union. We used the methodology of collective case study to answer the research questions. Our final sample includes seven social enterprises which work at different levels (from European to local) and in different EU countries. We identified the following motives of social entrepreneurship in the field of education in the EU: 1) the desire to change society; 2) self-realization; 3) networking; 4) personal life situation; 5) access to funding and grant support. These motives in general (without details) are identical to the well-known motives of social entrepreneurship. A detailed analysis of the motives of social entrepreneurship in the field of education and enlightenment of the EU allowed us to identify its distinctive features (that are determined by the field of activity), namely: the motive to change society by means of education and art; the motive of self-realization by means of the acquisition or implementation of professional experience in the field of education and enlightenment; the motive of networking by means of the inclusion of educational institutions, students, pupils, teachers; the motive of networking by means of the involvement of children and youth as key participants and volunteers; personal life situation as a motive was often associated with obtaining education and new knowledge in difficult socioeconomic circumstances in the past. The studied social enterprises belong to the EU that has an influence on the studied motives: the desire to change society by means of education and introduction of the European Union’s fundamental values; the motive of state funding and grant support by means of access to the European funds. This study has its limitations being a collective case of seven non-profit organizations engaged in social and entrepreneurial activities in the field of education and enlightenment. These organizations operate at different levels (from European to local), but the case does not cover all the EU countries and at the same time does not show the specifics of particular countries that may become directions for future research. This study also has limitations imposed by the qualitative approach methodology. The obtained results can be used to conduct a quantitative study in the future with a survey of social entrepreneurs in the field of education and enlightenment in the EU.