Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Entrepreneurial approach'
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Miliani, Nesrine. "Structure, fonctionnement et évolution des équipes entrepreneuriales : une modélisation systémique dans une perspective d'accompagnement à la création d'entreprise." Thesis, Brest, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BRES0087/document.
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La littérature, s’est beaucoup intéressée à l’entrepreneur solitaire, notamment à ses origines, à son profil et à ses actions. Certains auteurs le considèrent comme un mythe et un héros capable de se dépasser dans les situations les plus complexes. L’émergence des entreprises de nouvelles technologies ont fait connaître une nouvelle forme d’entrepreneuriat de plus en plus fréquente, qui se présente sous forme d’équipe entrepreneuriale. Etant donné, la réserve des réflexions académiques concernant ce champ d’étude, il est utile d’apporter quelques éclairages à ce sujet. Cette recherche se veut donc une contribution théorique et pratique à la compréhension de la notion de l’équipe entrepreneuriale et ses spécificités.L’équipe entrepreneuriale étant une entité dynamique devant être traitée en sa globalité irréductible, une analyse analytique nous semble réductrice. Par conséquent, nous proposons un cadrage théorique au moyen de la théorie systémiqueLiterature has been deeply interested in the solitary entrepreneur, mainly in his origins, profile and actions. Some authors consider him as a myth and a hero capable to exceed himself in the most complex situations. The emergence of new technology companies introduced a new form of entrepreneurship more and more frequent, which comes in the shape of entrepreneurial team. Since there is a reservation on the topic of academic thoughts in this field of study, it is useful to provide some insight on this. This research is intended for a theoretical and practical contribution to the understanding of the entrepreneurial team concept. Following a literary review on entrepreneurial teams, we propose a theoretical framework based on systemic approach. In fact, the entrepreneurial team is a dynamic entity; an analytical analysis seems to reduce the complexity in its elementary components whereas it should be treated in its irreducible globalism
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Humphreys, Debora Sholl. "An entrepreneurial approach to significant change." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 1990. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1054735438.
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Lévesque, Moren. "Models of entrepreneurial decisions, a dynamic programming approach." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ34577.pdf.
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Gursel, Deren. "Entrepreneurial success factor : a systematic approach to entrepreneur evaluation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/81075.
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Thesis (S.M. in Management Studies)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2013.Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 73-74).
As the necessary technology and methodologies become much more accessible every day, barriers to entry to become an entrepreneur keep decreasing. However total investment funds raised by venture capital firms every year stays at the same level, and therefore it is now more critical to use this money wisely and invest in entrepreneurs that are bound to success. This thesis tries to shed light on the entrepreneur evaluation process that can sometimes be equally important to market due diligence. In this research, correlation between entrepreneur characteristics and the level of success of the firms that they founded are explored in detail. Moreover, this research also looks from another point of view by providing interviews with the venture capitalists in the Boston area. From the initial stages, main aim was to conclude this research with practical advises. As a result, a scorecard and an Excel sheet are provided for investors that can be used to determine and track potential entrepreneurs` characteristics. In the end, this thesis also hopes to add a new level of information to the existent literature on the correlation of entrepreneurial characteristics with the success of the startup.
by Deren Gursel.
S.M.in Management Studies
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Theodoraki, Christina. "Pour une approche écosystémique de la stratégie et la performance des incubateurs." Thesis, Montpellier, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MONTD033.
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Cette thèse s’inscrit au croisement de l’entrepreneuriat et du management stratégique. Elle contribue à l’émergence d’un nouveau courant qui s’inspire de l’approche écosystémique et qui vise à mieux comprendre le rôle du contexte sur les dynamiques entrepreneuriales. Son objectif est plus précisément une meilleure compréhension des stratégies des incubateurs dans l'écosystème entrepreneurial. Cette recherche s'intéresse également à la relation entre ces stratégies et la performance des incubateurs. La thèse sur travaux s’articule autour de quatre articles et s’appuie sur une méthodologie mixte séquentielle combinant des méthodes qualitatives et quantitatives. Une étude qualitative a été menée auprès de 48 acteurs de l’écosystème de l’accompagnement entrepreneurial du Sud de la France. Cette recherche a été prolongée par une enquête quantitative conduite au niveau national en récoltant 156 questionnaires auprès de directeurs d’incubateurs. La contribution conceptuelle majeure repose sur une théorisation de l’écosystème entrepreneurial à partir de l’approche multi-niveaux et de la théorie du capital social. De plus, elle offre une vision holistique des stratégies des incubateurs en privilégiant une approche en termes de co-opétition. Enfin, elle permet de tester le lien entre l’écosystème, la stratégie et la performance. Nos résultats montrent des effets positifs de la stratégie de co-opétition sur la performance. La mise en œuvre de cette stratégie apparaît comme l’une des conditions pour construire un écosystème entrepreneurial durable. Des implications et recommandations sont formulées et aboutissent notamment à l’élaboration d’un plan d’action stratégique pour les acteurs de l’écosystème entrepreneurialThis thesis is at the intersection of entrepreneurship and strategic management. It contributes to the emergence of a new theoretical steam inspired by the ecosystem approach and which aims to better understand the role of the context on the entrepreneurial dynamics. Its objective is more precisely a better understanding of incubator strategies in the entrepreneurial ecosystem. This research also addresses the relationship between these strategies and the incubators performance. The thesis by publication is structured around four articles and is based on a mixed sequential methodology combining qualitative and quantitative methods. A qualitative study was carried out among 48 actors in the entrepreneurial support ecosystem in the South of France. This research was extended by a quantitative survey conducted at the national level, collecting 156 questionnaires from incubator managers. The major conceptual contribution carries on a theorization of the entrepreneurial ecosystem based on multilevel approach and social capital theory. In addition, it provides a holistic view of incubator strategies by focusing on a co-opetition approach. Finally, it allows to test the link between the ecosystem, the strategy and the performance. Our results show positive effects of the co-opetition strategy on performance. Implementation of this strategy appears to be one of the conditions for building a sustainable entrepreneurial ecosystem. Implications and recommendations are formulated, leading in particular to the elaboration of a strategic action plan for the actors of the entrepreneurial ecosystem
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Collins, Lorna Anne. "The making of an entrepreneurial firm : an integrated multi-level approach." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.438874.
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Bird, Sarah (Sarah Amelia). "Entrepreneurship policy for entrepreneurs : a cognitive approach to the entrepreneurial environment." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/50608.
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Thesis (S.M. in Technology and Policy)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, Technology and Policy Program, 2008.Includes bibliographical references (p. 109-113).
Entrepreneurship stimulates economic growth, creates jobs, and provides opportunities for independence and self-realization. Over the last 10 years, policy makers around the globe have been actively pursuing the elusive goal of an entrepreneurial economy. Often building on existing Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise (SME) policy, efforts have been taken to encourage entrepreneurship by, for example, reducing red-tape and improving access to financing. However, these efforts do not appear to be having the hoped effect of fostering more entrepreneurship. Starting from the maturing field of literature that applies cognitive science to entrepreneurship, this thesis examines what motivates entrepreneurs to start new ventures. I then use this understanding to develop policy options that aim to directly target individuals and foster more entrepreneurship as a unique interdisciplinary contribution to the literature on entrepreneurship policy. This thesis develops a framework for a cognitive approach to policy, which aims to put the entrepreneur at the heart of entrepreneurship policy. The cognitive approach is a tool for policy-makers to enable them to more readily understand entrepreneurs' mindsets and the policy options that can foster entrepreneurial intentions in their constituencies. In applying the cognitive approach to the entrepreneurial environment, this thesis shows that the types of policies necessary for fostering entrepreneurship are different from those currently favored by policy makers. Unlike SME policies, fostering entrepreneurship requires policies that help individuals build self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intentions through personal experiences, networks, feedback and mentorship. In the final chapters, the cognitive framework is applied to the MIT-Portugal Program, demonstrating how to apply this framework pragmatically and highlighting considerations for exporting entrepreneurship curricula from MIT to Portugal.
by Sarah Bird.
S.M.in Technology and Policy
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Alzomia, Abdullah. "Entrepreneurial Orientation: An Interdisciplinary Approach to Public Entrepreneurship in Saudi Arabia." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2020. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1703280/.
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The increasing demands of efficiency and effectiveness in the public sector encourage political leaders and policy makers to adopt and apply advanced techniques and solutions to overcome flaws in public organizational performance. Entrepreneurship was introduced in several Western countries as a way to improve their processes and management through adopting private sector management principles and market-oriented techniques. In 2015, Saudi Arabia announced its 2030 vision, which introduced hundreds of innovative and creative initiatives aiming to overcome issues of the turbulent environment, future oil depletion, budgetary pressures, and public demands for efficiency and effectiveness. Building on interdisciplinary perspectives, this study investigates entrepreneurial orientation among Saudi public employees from all administrative regions across the country. Building on McClelland's theory of motivation, this study hypothesizes that the motives of need for achievement, need for affiliation, and need for power are positively associated with entrepreneurial behavior. It also hypothesizes that excessive organizational hierarchy, formalization, and lack of autonomy constrain employees' entrepreneurial activities. Moreover, this study adopts a sociological perspective in proposing solutions for facilitating entrepreneurial orientation among public employees by hypothesizing that human and social capital promote an entrepreneurial orientation. Multiple regression analysis reveals that Saudi public employees with a higher level of need for achievement and need for power tend to be more entrepreneurial, while need for affiliation fails to predict entrepreneurial orientation. Furthermore, the findings suggest that a high level of hierarchy and formalization in public organizations is negatively associated to entrepreneurial orientation, while a high level of autonomy is positively associated with entrepreneurial orientation. Finally, the study finds that employees with a high level of breadth and depth of experience (human capital) are more likely to be entrepreneurial, while a high level of bonding social capital and bridging social capital promote a negative and a positive entrepreneurial orientation, respectively.
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Myrberg, Ellinor, and Joakim Lill-Smeds. "Entreprenörskap i skolan : Entreprenöriellt förhållningssätt hos elever i grundskolan." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-20268.
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Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka entreprenörskap i grundskoleundervisning då den nya skolreformen som infördes 2011 har detta som fokus. Reformen betonar att entreprenörskap ska främjas hos elever av alla åldrar med fokus på entreprenöriella kompetenser. Studien är kvalitativ och avser söka tecken på tendenser till ett entreprenöriellt förhållningssätt utifrån kvalitativa intervjuer genomförda på två grundskolor. Studien avser även söka tecken på huruvida ett aktivt arbete med entreprenörskap i undervisningen resulterar i en större grad av entreprenöriellt förhållningssätt. De intervjuer som utgör studiens empiriska grund är hämtade från en skola som aktivt arbetar med entreprenöriellt lärande samt en som ej har ett betonat arbete kring ämnet. Studiens resultat visar att eventuell skillnad mellan skolorna ej kan bekräftas då det förefaller individuellt betonat i vilken grad elever utvecklar ett entreprenöriellt förhållningssätt. Eleverna som deltagit i studien uppfattar entreprenöriella kompetenser med stor variation och visar även tecken på stor variation kring ett entreprenöriellt förhållningssätt. Studien har visat att det på båda skolor existerar lärandeaktiviteter som främjar entreprenöriella kompetenser och ett entreprenöriellt förhållningssätt, och att även den skola som inte aktivt arbetar med entreprenörskap främjar elevernas utveckling av entreprenöriella kompetenser.The purpose of this study is to examine entrepreneurship in primary education as the new school reform introduced in 2011 has this as a focus. The reform emphasizes that promoting entrepreneurship among students of all ages with a focus on entrepreneurial competencies. The study is qualitative and relates to seek signs of tendencies towards an entrepreneurial approach based on qualitative interviews were conducted at two elementary schools. The study will also seek evidence of whether active efforts with entrepreneurship in education results in a greater degree of entrepreneurial approach. The interviews that make up the study's empirical basis is taken from a school that actively works with entrepreneurial learning and one that does not have an emphasized work on the subject. Study results show that the potential difference between the schools cannot be confirmed, then it would appear individually emphasized the extent to which students develop an entrepreneurial approach. Students who participated in the study perceive entrepreneurial competences with great variety and also show signs of considerable variation around an entrepreneurial approach. The study has shown that there in both schools exist learning activities that promote entrepreneurial competences and an entrepreneurial approach, and that even the school who are not actively working with entrepreneurship promotes students' development of entrepreneurial competences.
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Ainsworth, Rodney Phillip. "The entrepreneurial playwright : a relational approach to marketing plays in the regions." Queensland University of Technology, 2008. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/19241/.
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This exegesis examines the proposition that playwriting is an entrepreneurial activity when combined with the role of producer. The thesis demonstrates that, when a playwright combines the two roles and considers the development of a network of relationships in the process, positive steps can be made towards the marketing of a work and the career progression of the playwright. The issues of marketing and career progression are considered in a regional context.
The thesis comprises the creation of a full-length theatrical work through the MA (Research) Program at Queensland University of Technology and an analysis of that journey in the context of regional theatre practice in Queensland. Nicolas Bourriaud’s theory of the Relational Aesthetic is used as a way of charting my practice and of examining how this approach might be appropriate to theatre-making in regional Australia. The paper establishes strategies by which the playwright, when also undertaking the role of producer, might manage the complex set of circumstances and interactions between the work, the community and the industry.
Using practice-led research methodologies, the exegesis examines the process of the creation of a new play, Sinking, and explores, through the use of an autobiographical case study, what the process has meant to the author’s development as a playwright over a fifteen month period. The paper uses a network map to explore the interactions created through a rehearsed reading of the first draft of the play in October 2006 and, in doing so, demonstrates how a close engagement with the community formed the basis of the entrepreneurial strategy.
The exegesis demonstrates that Bourriaud’s work connects very closely with the author’s practice and examines how the approach might be useful for other regional arts practitioners, particularly those in the early stages of their careers. The research aims to identify how the creation of the play, and the subsequent interactions generated within a regional community, can lead to opportunities to create connections both within the author’s place of residence and in broader theatre industry contexts, nationally and internationally, in order to provide commercial and professional outcomes.
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Cherchem, Naïma. "Contribution à la compréhension de l’effet de la culture d’entreprise et du profil psychologique du dirigeant sur l’orientation entrepreneuriale des PME françaises." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO30086.
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Notre projet de thèse de doctorat a pour objet de présenter une meilleure compréhension du rôle de la culture d’entreprise et du profil psychologique du dirigeant dans l’orientation entrepreneuriale (OE) des PME françaises. La nature de la problématique de recherche reste original dans la littérature francophone. En effet, les travaux de recherches sur l’OE ont eu tendance à se concentrer essentiellement dans la littérature anglo-saxonne. Les principaux intérêts de notre thèse tiennent : 1) à faire ressortir des actions spécifiques qui permettraient de développer une culture favorable à l’entrepreneuriat ; 2) de susciter la vocation des dirigeants dans leur démarche entrepreneuriale ; 3) de mieux percevoir les déterminants de la performance économique et financière des entreprises entrepreneuriales ;4) de spécifier les caractéristiques des PME françaises à travers l’approche des configurations.Pour répondre à ces objectifs, nous avons construit une question principale spécifique : Dans quelle mesure la culture d’entreprise et le profil psychologique du dirigeant affectent-ils l’orientation entrepreneuriale des PME françaises et leur performance ? Pour réaliser cette recherche, nous avons opté pour une étude empirique quantitative à travers un questionnaire administré auprès des dirigeants de PME de deux chambres de commerce : la Chambre Régionale de Commerce et d’Industrie du Nord- Pas- de Calais et la Chambre de Commerce et d’Industrie du Beaujolais. Nous avons pu recueillir 123 réponses complètes. Pour réaliser les traitements d’analyse, nous avons utilisé l’approche des régressions linéaires avec le logiciel STATA.11 pour tester la nature des relations entre les variables clés de notre étude. Dans une deuxième partie d’analyse, nous avons utilisé l’approche des configurations avec la méthode des composantes ascendantes hiérarchiques. Concernant la première hypothèse, les résultats de l’étude empirique quantitative montrent que la culture entrepreneuriale et la culture de groupe sont associées à la capacité d’innovation, de proactivité et de prise de risque de l’entreprise. Inversement, la culture hiérarchique est associée négativement à cette triple capacité. La deuxième hypothèse concernant le profil psychologique du dirigeant donne des résultats plutôt inattendus, quant à l’effet du champ de contrôle externe du dirigeant sur l’OE. Les dirigeants qui ont un champ de contrôle externe semblent contribuer positivement au processus de l’OE. Nous avons pu montrer également que ces dirigeants conduisent leurs entreprises à réaliser de meilleures performances. Le besoin d’accomplissement du dirigeant est également lié à l’orientation de l’entreprise vers les activités entrepreneuriales. Quant à la troisième hypothèse, nous avons pu montrer dans notre recherche que les activités entrepreneuriales de l’entreprise contribuent à l’amélioration de ses performances économiques et financières. Dans un deuxième volet de cette étude, nous avons testé notre modèle conceptuel avec l’approche des configurations. Notre objectif était de proposer une classification d’entreprises selon le degré d’intensité de l’OE. L’analyse des composantes ascendantes hiérarchiques, nous a permis de faire apparaître trois formes de configuration d’entreprises : 1) entreprises entrepreneuriales, 2) entreprises traditionnelles et 3) entreprises émergentesOur proposed PhD thesis aims to provide a better understanding of the role of corporate culture and the psychological profile of the leader in Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO) of French SMEs. The nature of the research remains in the original french literature. Indeed, the research work on the EO have tended to focus mainly in the Anglo-Saxon literature.The main interest of our thesis are:1) to highlight specific actions that would develop a culture conducive to entrepreneurship;2) to encourage the vocation of the leaders in their entrepreneurial approach ;3) to gain insight into the determinants of economic and financial performance of entrepreneurial firms;4) to specify the characteristics of french SMEs through the approach of configurations.To meet these goals, we built a specific key question: How corporate culture and psychological profile of the leader affect the entrepreneurial orientation of french SMEs and their performance?To conduct this research, we opted for a quantitative empirical study through a questionnaire administered to managers of SMEs of Chambre Régionale de Commerce et d’Industrie of Nord-Pas-de Calais and Chambre de Commerce et d’Industrie of Beaujolais. We have collected 123 complete responses. To achieve the treatment analysis, we used the approach of linear regression with the software STATA.11 to test the nature of the relationship between key variables in our study. In the second part of analysis, we used the approach of the configurations with hierarchical ascendant components method, in order to specify the caracteristics of french SMEs.Regarding the first hypothesis, the results of the quantitative empirical study shows that entrepreneurial culture and the group culture are associated with innovation, proactive and risk-taking activities. Conversely, the hierarchical culture is negatively associated with the entrepreneurial activities. The second hypothesis about the psychological profile, the leaders who have a locus of external control appear to contribute positively to the process of OE. We have shown that these leaders lead their firms to achieve better performance. The need for achievement of the leader is also related to the orientation of the firms to entrepreneurial activities.Regarding the third hypothesis, we have shown that the entrepreneurial activities of the SMEs contribute to the improvement of its economic and financial performance.In the second part of this study, we tested our conceptual model with the approach of configurations. Our objective is to propose a taxonomy of SMEs according to the intensity of the EO. The analysis of hierarchical ascendant components have shown three types of SMEs: 1) entrepreneurial SMEs, 2) conservative SMEs and 3) emerging SMEs
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Meintjes, Albertus Jakobus. "The determinants of total entrepreneurial activity : a spatial approach / by Albertus Jacobus Meintjes." Thesis, North-West University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1362.
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Goossen, J. G. "Entrepreneurship education : bridging the gap between theory and practice through the implementation of a practice-oriented approach." Thesis, Middlesex University, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.568546.
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Rees, Alan Norman, and n/a. "Strategic alliance as an entrepreneurial stimulus for learning in mature stage organizations : a case study of financial services organizations entering into cross industry agreement strategic alliances." Swinburne University of Technology, 2005. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au./public/adt-VSWT20070424.180436.
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Sustained success for an organization is based upon its ability to constantly realign with opportunities that emerge within their markets. Thus, organizations must continually evolve as markets evolve.
This thesis examined how mature stage organizations within the financial services industry can adopt entrepreneurial approaches to learn, evolve and improve their competitiveness. Despite the rate of technological change, globalization, and convergence of industries that has occurred in the last decade, there is no clear model to support the adoption of entrepreneurial activities within mature stage organizations. Adopting an exploratory qualitative case study approach, the researcher interviewed informants with experience in the financial services industry in Australia, Europe, North and South Asia, and the United States of America to explore the research question: How do mature stage organizations integrate strategic alliances as an entrepreneurial approach and capitalize on learning in response to evolving markets?
Interviewing key informants within the financial services industry, the study confirmed a range of means of conceptualizing, introducing, and managing new business initiatives through strategic alliances. These findings were synthesized into a hypothetical organization in which, it became evident, the more entrepreneurial and innovative the organization became, the more capable it was of sourcing and responding to new opportunities within existing and related markets.
The study confirmed the need in strategic alliances for shared vision, strong leadership, effective communication of the organization's direction and strategy, a culture that embraces flexibility, business competence, a commitment to respect and manage differences between organizations, an ability to work collaboratively, and a willingness to upgrade or replace business processes and technologies to support innovation.
The study sought to provide an understanding of how entrepreneurial approaches can remain fluid rather than become static, and how they can be preserved within mature organizations. The importance of leadership, commonality of vision, collaboration, communication, integration of business structures and processes, and willingness to learn from each other began to emerge as central issues from the initial interviews. Consequently, a second research question was added: How do partnering organizations operating in the mature stage of a corporate life cycle within the construct of a cross industry agreement strategic alliance adopt an entrepreneurial approach and mutually learn to recast the direction of their relationship?
The study confirmed that organizations should develop and support a culture that embraces learning, flexibility and change. Entrepreneurial organizations require vision, leadership, business structures, processes, and competencies to support innovation.
This research adds to the field by establishing that innovation is embedded in the ability of partnering organizations to learn continuously and collaboratively. In doing so, they become more capable of realigning with changing markets and creating and capitalizing on new markets. The research concludes that less hierarchical organizational structures within partnering organizations support strategic alliances and promote the ability of organizations to learn how to cooperate, collaborate, and grow individually and mutually together.
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Rust, Arne Francois. "The impact of following a causation versus an effectuation approach on the survival of nascent entrepreneurial ventures in dynamic industries." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/26036.
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This study determines the influence of causation versus effectuation on entrepreneurial firm survival in high and low dynamism industries. Causation approaches a problem with the end in mind while effectuation’s point of departure is the means. Causal logic predicts a best case future scenario and then gathers the necessary resources to realize that scenario. This is contrasted by effectual logic that attempts to “control” the future by making use of the resources in hand (and those that can be borrowed) while trying to achieve the best possible result. The study consists of a means analysis testing for firm survival in highly dynamic industries per “pure” causal or effectual approach and of a variance analysis, testing for survival as a function of the mixed use of causation and effectuation in both high and low dynamism industries. The product of the means analysis indicates that only two entrepreneurs out of a cohort of 1771 follow a “pure” causal or “pure” effectual approach. As a result of this finding the incidence of “pure” causal or effectual approaches in either high or low dynamism industries is negligible. The output from the variance analysis indicates that causation is a significantly better predictor of entrepreneurial survival than effectuation in both high and low dynamism industries at a 99% confidence level. Below is a summary of the survival probabilities for both high and low dynamism industries across the causal/effectual decision spectrum.This study determines the influence of causation versus effectuation on entrepreneurial firm survival in high and low dynamism industries. Causation approaches a problem with the end in mind while effectuation’s point of departure is the means. Causal logic predicts a best case future scenario and then gathers the necessary resources to realize that scenario. This is contrasted by effectual logic that attempts to “control” the future by making use of the resources in hand (and those that can be borrowed) while trying to achieve the best possible result. The study consists of a means analysis testing for firm survival in highly dynamic industries per “pure” causal or effectual approach and of a variance analysis, testing for survival as a function of the mixed use of causation and effectuation in both high and low dynamism industries. The product of the means analysis indicates that only two entrepreneurs out of a cohort of 1771 follow a “pure” causal or “pure” effectual approach. As a result of this finding the incidence of “pure” causal or effectual approaches in either high or low dynamism industries is negligible. The output from the variance analysis indicates that causation is a significantly better predictor of entrepreneurial survival than effectuation in both high and low dynamism industries at a 99% confidence level. Below is a summary of the survival probabilities for both high and low dynamism industries across the causal/effectual decision spectrum. CopyrightDissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2010
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
unrestricted
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Faraj, Nada, and Farhijo Hashi. "Entrepreneurial success : A comparative approach on German and Swedish entrepreneurs during the nineteenth and twentieth century." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-170144.
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This paper examines the similarities and differences between German and Swedish entrepreneurs born in the nineteenth and twentieth century. It is a replicated study by Vasta et al. (2015). The study is a part of an international project, where the characteristics of entrepreneurs’ is reviewed in multiple countries. The information of entrepreneurs is collected from biographical dictionaries and the qualitative data is later on converted into quantitative data, where several different variables are measured. The applied method, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) generated three different dimensions of entrepreneurial success. The components are the following: celebrity (captures entrepreneurs’ visibility in the various sources), economic success (describes the economic performance of an entrepreneur) and social mobility (measures entrepreneurs’ social class improvement). By using a prosopographical approach, we found among other things that a level of innovation intensity is required in order to reach a higher level of economic success for both German and Swedish entrepreneurs. Keywords: Germany, Sweden, entrepreneurs, entrepreneurship, economic business history, founder, inventor
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Olsson, Henric, and Anders Eriksson. "Instilling an entrepreneurial culture in a small growth-oriented firm : An explorative study using a shadowing approach." Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-28659.
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Good working conditions have become one of the most important factors in today’s Swedish workplaces. The impact that culture has on companies and their atmosphere is of great importance for overall productivity. Existing research has mainly focused on large established businesses. As a consequence, the work that has been conducted on small entrepreneurial companies is limited. There are studies highlighting the difficulty of transitioning from a small firm to a large entrepreneurial firm. Still, there is a lack of studies investigating this process in depth. Gaining insight into this process is highly relevant for practitioners, policy makers and researchers alike. Therefore, we have chosen to study this field closer. In order to explore this field and to dive deeper within the concept of organizational culture, a shadowing method has been used on a newly started growth oriented company. The company is founded by two opportunity driven leaders who strongly believe in a happy workplace where the focus lies on the individual and where problems are met with a “how hard can it be” attitude. We followed the firm for 8 weeks. During that time we were present full time in their facilities, conducted formal interviews, informal interviews, interacted with employees and the entrepreneurs during lunches and small gatherings. In order to develop an entrepreneurial culture they follow an ideology that is based on a few cornerstones; they strive to have short decision paths, a familial atmosphere, individual focus, strong commitment mixed with a fun factor. When investigating how the culture expresses itself we have found four different forums of particular interest; the office where the decision process takes place, the group meetings where beliefs and values are shared, the individual meetings where feedback is provided and the recruitment process where the cultural marketing takes place. Our conclusion is that these forums work together in a circular motion that expresses – shapes - shares - aligns the organizational culture of this small and young company.
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Solomon, Goosain. "Entrepreneurship and the impact of entrepreneurial orientation training on SMMEs in the South African context: A longitudinal approach." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2004. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=init_4721_1178282481.
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This thesis formed part of a existing longitudinal study. The overall study is an outcome of research done to understand success and failure issues in Africa, which is an attempt to understand the impact of a short entrepreneurial training programme on the performance of small scale enterprises over time. The study is unique in the South African context in that it is the first short term, 3 days, entrepreneurial training programme that is assessed by means of a longitudinal method incorporating a control group.
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Culkin, Nigel. "Can a high-tech breakthrough approach deliver novel supply and demand solutions? : a study of digital cinema rollout." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/19052.
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Digitalization is the process of making digital everything that can be digitised to change a business model and provide new revenue and value-producing opportunities. However, difficulties exist in evaluating the value created by digital technology investments in organisations, industry structures, economies and society, at large. My dissertation illustrates how the distinct characteristics of digital technologies are implicit in an evolution from stable to fragile product innovation; while highlighting the need for a dynamic approach to entrepreneurial innovation within national innovation systems. The foundations for my work are bound up in the digitalization of value networks, and the context for this research is digital cinema - a process that began in 2000. Digital cinema offered a new value proposition to distributors and significant cost reductions for the US studios. With a reliance on a highly developed value chain to protect intellectual property, these studios sought to learn from the disruption digitalization caused to the music industry, by cultivating digital technology as an, incremental innovation, in replacing celluloid with bytes to project content to cinema audiences. Global digital cinema penetration in 2014 stood at 90 per cent of the total screen footprint. The dissertation assesses features of this digital rollout that have been under-explored; including the role digital technology has assumed in process and product innovation; and, the behavioural responses of both incumbents and new entrants during the diffusion and adoption phase. My dissertation is supported by eight published papers, which highlight the need for domestic policymakers to focus their attention on emerging entrepreneurial innovations; the utilisation of current knowledge and strategies for novel solutions in order to strengthen their respective national innovation systems. Taken together they help explain the creation, diffusion and adoption of digital cinema, explore the new content creation opportunities they support, and explain how three nations in particular have sought to innovate and reorientate themselves in relation to these novel phenomena. The wider implications of the findings of the project build on the innovation literature in examining the diffusion, adoption and knowledge acquisition during the rollout of digital cinema technology. These findings suggest a radically different reading of both disruptive innovations and national innovation systems than has been offered in previous accounts, viewing the digital cinema rollout as a case study of an increasingly mobile sector, in which technological factors retreat in importance behind entrepreneurial innovation as a key driving force in reaching audiences. Finally, in exploring the phenomenon of the digitalization of value networks I have made a significant contribution to knowledge in the design of an innovative mixed method; specifically in the area of field research - a qualitative data collection method designed for considering, observing, and interacting with individuals in their natural environments. Over time, I have established that digital cinema was capable of delivering novel supply and demand solutions - starting with a few unrelated scraps of data, through the establishment of personal networks with communities of practice (in the UK, US & Norway) to building rich, and complex quantitative data sets capable of measuring the entire diffusion and adoption phase of the digital cinema rollout, right across Europe.
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Volland, Michael John. "An entrepreneurial approach to priestly ministry in the parish : insights from a research study in the Diocese of Durham." Thesis, Durham University, 2013. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/8462/.
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The objective of this doctoral research study is to explore the experience of a sample of entrepreneurial priests in the Diocese of Durham with a view to producing appropriate and informed suggestions for future practice in relation to the exercise of entrepreneurship by parish priests in the Church of England. Building on my own experience of being a priest and an entrepreneur, an understanding of the entrepreneur set out by John Thompson and Bill Bolton (2004), and beginning with the social, cultural, theological and ecclesiological case constructed by the Mission-Shaped Church report (2004), and upon which its recommendation of identifying ‘mission entrepreneurs’ rests, this thesis argues that the concept of entrepreneurship offers the Church of England a helpful lens through which to view priestly ministry and an understanding of an approach to priestly ministry in the parish that is well-fitted for the current mission task in England. The thesis argues that an entrepreneurial approach to priestly ministry is consistent with Anglican self-understanding as set out in the Articles of Religion, the Book of Common Prayer and the Ordinal. It also argues that an entrepreneurial approach to priestly ministry is consistent both with the nature of the Trinitarian God and with human collaboration with God’s activity in the world. Research findings are based on thematic analysis of data generated through online testing and qualitative interviews with a sample of entrepreneurial priests in the Diocese of Durham. This thesis finds that entrepreneurial priests appear to adopt an entrepreneurial approach to parish-based ministry in spite of the institution of the Church of England rather than because of it. In addition, this thesis finds that when faced with challenges related to church buildings, entrepreneurial priests adopt an innovative approach that has the potential to generate social and spiritual capital. Further, this thesis finds that entrepreneurial priests instinctively work with others and that creating appropriate partnerships with outside agencies has the potential to generate significant social, cultural, spiritual and financial capital for the church and the wider community. The findings result in ten suggestions for future practice in relation to the exercise of entrepreneurship by parish priests in the Church of England.
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Hickson, David J., and D. S. Pugh. "Great writers on organizations." Ashgate Publishing, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/2791.
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NoGreat Writers on Organizations presents succinctly each of the contributions made by 80 of the most prominent management thinkers to the understanding of organizational behaviour and managerial thinking. Among those included are early theorists such as Henri Fayol, Frederick W. Taylor and Max Weber, classical writers such as Alfred D. Chandler, Peter Drucker and Frederick Herzberg, through to modern thinkers such as Oliver Williamson, Rosabeth Moss Kanter, and Charles Handy. New writers included in the Third Omnibus Edition are: Lex Donaldson, Stewart Clegg, Richard Whitley, Michel Foucault and Kathleen Eisenhardt. The volume is an indispensable resource for academics, students and managers on what the great writers have to say about the key managerial tasks of how to organize and motivate.
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Hih, Mohammed. "Entreprenöriellt lärande i teknikundervisningen på gymnasiet." Thesis, KTH, Lärande, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-303011.
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Enligt läroplanen för gymnasieskolan (Skolverket, 2011a) ses entreprenöriella förmågor och kompetenser som vägen framåt för att förbereda eleverna för de utmaningar som finns i dagens samhälle. Det utvecklar deras kreativitet, förmåga att ta initiativ och ansvar, samt stimulerar motivationen och engagemanget hos dem. Studien undersökte vilka arbetssätt och förhållningssätt tekniklärare har gällande undervisning i entreprenörskap och entreprenöriellt lärande i teknikämnet på gymnasiet för att främja dessa entreprenöriella förmågor hos eleverna. Samt vilka hinder lärare upplever och vilka resurser som krävs. Enkäter skickades till tekniklärare på gymnasieskolor för att undersöka detta. Det framkom att den otydliga definitionen av begreppet entreprenörskap har lett till olika tolkningar som i sin tur lett till olika implementeringar. Lärarnas tolkning av entreprenörskap kunde delas in till tre förhållningssätt: utvecklande av företagande som i huvudsak sker genom företagsstarter/Ungföretagsamhet, utvecklandet av designtänkandet i värdeskapande syfte som i huvudsak sker genom projektbaserade uppdrag och slutligen utvecklande av entreprenöriella förmågor genom traditionell undervisning som i huvudsak utgår från läroboken, lärarnas genomgångar samt skriftliga och muntliga övningar. I studien framkom tydliga hinder som begränsar implementeringen av entreprenöriellt lärande i undervisningen såsom brist på tid, utrustning, lokaler, läromedel samt brist på kontakter med näringslivet för att kunna skapa verklighetsbaserade arbetsuppgifter som stödjer elevers lärande och ökar deras motivation. Dessutom lyfter studien fram att det krävs förändrat tänkande kring skolans kultur och struktur, som till exempel mer stöd från skolledningen, kollegiala samarbeten, anpassad utrustning och lokaler. Lärarna behöver även en tydlig definition av begreppen entreprenörskap och entreprenöriellt lärande,djupa ämnes- och didaktiska kunskaper, gott ledarskap och tillräckligt med tid, för att entreprenöriellt lärande ska vara framträdande och genomsyra teknikundervisningen i samtliga gymnasieskolor.According to the national Swedish curriculum for upper secondary school (Skolverket, 2011a), entrepreneurial abilities and competencies are seen as the way forward to prepare students for the challenges that exist in today's society, it develops their abilities to take initiative and responsibility, and stimulates their motivation and commitment. The study investigated the teacher's teaching methods and their attitudes regarding teaching entrepreneurial education in the technology program in upper secondary school in order to stimulate these entrepreneurial abilities in students, as well as what obstacles teachers experienced and what resources are required. Questionnaires were sent to technology teachers in high schools to investigate this. It emerged that the unclear definition of the concept of entrepreneurship has led to different interpretations which, in turn, have led to different implementations. The teachers' interpretation of entrepreneurship could be divided into three approaches: development of entrepreneurship that mainly takes place through business start-ups / Young Enterprise (UF) concept, development of design thinking for value-creating purposes that mainly takes place through project-based assignments and finally development of entrepreneurial skills through traditional teaching from the textbook, the teachers' reviews and written and oral exercises. The study revealed clear obstacles that limit the implementation of entrepreneurial learning in today's teaching such as lack of time, equipment, facilities, teaching materials and lack of contacts with businesses to be able to create reality-based tasks that support students' learning and increase their motivation. In addition, the study highlights that a change in thinking about the school's culture and structure is required, such as more support from the school management, collegial collaborations, adapted equipment and premises. Teachers also need a clear definition of the concepts of entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial learning, deep subject and didactic knowledge, good leadership and sufficient time for entrepreneurial learning to be prominent and permeate technology teaching in all upper secondary schools.
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Mu, Shaohua Carolyn. "Subsidiary Innovation and Diffusion: An Integrated Approach on Learning of Subsidiaries from Diverse Local Environments." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28754.
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This dissertation investigates the factors that influence the learning of subsidiaries from their local environment and the sequential knowledge outflow from the subsidiaries. Scholars have recognized the ability to learn from diverse local environments as a critical source of competitive advantage for multinational corporations (MNCs). However, the factors influencing the extent to which MNCs learn from local environments in order to develop innovative capabilities have not been well understood.
Considering the complexity of institutional environments faced by subsidiaries, this dissertation explores cross-level factors that influence subsidiary learning from diverse local environments. At interface levels, a subsidiary's local embeddedness and its learning strategy influence the awareness of local strategic knowledge by the subsidiary. At context levels, local market competition and corporate entrepreneurial culture affect the motivation of a subsidiary to learn from diverse local environments. Finally at subsidiary level, top management team heterogeneity impacts the capability of a subsidiary to learn.
This dissertation applies both qualitative and quantitative research methods. Multiple-case studies provide rich details, while survey research tests the generalizability of the proposed conceptual model. Overall, the empirical evidence supports the impact of local embeddedness, learning strategy and corporate entrepreneurial culture on subsidiary learning, and in turn, on knowledge outflow. The impact of top management team heterogeneity turns insignificant upon the simultaneous inclusion of all other factors. The influence of local competition is absent. The control variables include size, technology resources, and internationalization.
This dissertation contributes to both MNC and organizational learning literature. The major contribution to MNC literature is the advancement of the understanding of knowledge acquisition and creation of MNCs by learning from the local environment. The cross-level approach with subsidiary as the unit of analysis provides a unique perspective. The major contribution of this dissertation to organizational learning literature lies in the development of a learning framework, and its application to MNC context with empirical tests. This dissertation presents potentials to advance the local responsiveness-global integration framework with a knowledge-based view.Ph. D.
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Sahi, Lamia. "L'émergence de technopôles dans les pays du Maghreb, entre stratégies des entreprises et attractivités des territoires." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON30077.
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Le succès et le développement fulgurant des systèmes productifs locaux, entre autres, les technopôles et plus récemment les pôles de compétitivité et les clusters à travers le monde ont donné naissance depuis peu à l’éclosion de ces systèmes dans les pays du Maghreb, notamment en Algérie, empruntant ainsi la voie ouverte par les pays développés. Le gouvernement algérien à travers l’optique de soutenir une dynamique de croissance, de répondre aux besoins d’emplois des diplômés et au manque d’innovation et de compétitivité dans les PME algériennes, a vu en la création de ces technopôles, non seulement, une réponse possible pour faire face à ces nouveaux défis, mais aussi un moyen pour construire une stratégie de transition vers l’économie de marché. Á l’issue de cette thèse et à travers l’investigation réalisée auprès d’un certain nombre entreprises, situées dans les régions les plus dynamiques en Algérie et exerçants dans les secteurs les plus promoteurs, il ressort que la situation de ces entreprises, les contraintes rencontrées dans les différents domaines liés à leurs activités font qu’elles sont favorables à la mise en place de ces technopoles, néanmoins ces entreprises jugent que la réussite de cette dynamique entrepreneuriale dans le pays est tributaire d’une démarche participative, impliquant l’ensemble des acteurs concernés. De ce fait, des recommandations, synthétisées, entre autres, sous forme de cadre logique, ont été émises. Elles concernent les mesures à prendre, d’une part, pour créer un climat favorable au développement de la compétitivité dans ces entreprises et d’autre part, pour aider la mise en place des futurs technopôlesThe success and considerable development of the local productive systems, among other things, the science parks, and more recently the clusters and poles of competitiveness worldwide, gave birth lately to the hatching of these systems in the Maghreb countries, including Algeria, thereby borrowing the path opened by the developed countries. In order to support growth dynamics, to meet the employment needs of graduate individuals and to compensate the lack of innovation and competitiveness in the Algerian SMEs, the Algerian government saw in the creation of these science parks not only a possible answer to face these new challenges, but also a way to build a strategy of transition towards the market economy.At the end of this thesis and through the investigation realized with a number of companies, located in the most dynamic regions in Algeria and exercising in the most developed sectors, it appears that the situation of these companies and the constraints met in the various fields related to their activities make them in favor of the development of these science parks. Nevertheless, these companies believe that the success of the entrepreneurial dynamics in the country depends on a participatory approach, involving all the relevant stakeholders. Therefore, recommendations were issued, synthesized notably as a logical framework. They concern the measures to be taken, on the one hand, to create a climate propitious to the development of competitiveness in these companies, and on the other hand, to help the implementation of the future science parks
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Scanlan, Elizabeth M. "An Alternative Approach to Development in Today's Least Developed Communities: The Case for the Solidarity Economy." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/594.
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This thesis provides a case for the alternative approach to economic and human development through the solidarity economy. Neoliberal growth strategies, including the Washington Consensus, are consistently supported by leading international development organizations yet continue to create marginalized communities throughout the world. Solidarity economies, similar to the one in Conjunto Palmerias, Brazil, move beyond this neoliberal approach to find alternative economic measures that expand the capabilities of the entire community. This type of economy embraces a vision of a market that pragmatically responds to the economic and social challenges of globalization. In conclusion, this thesis argues that the global expansion of the solidarity economy movement affirms confidence that an alternative approach to both human and economic development is possible in today’s capitalistic world.
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Anderson, Lori Choyce. "The Meaning of Inherently Govermental in OMB Circualr A-76 from 1966 to 2003: A Change in Governing Approaches?" Diss., Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29962.
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There is a research deficit in public administration. We do not adequately ask how the essential concepts of governments that are expressed in political thought are operationalized through administrative mechanisms and then implemented into practice. The current study began addressing this deficit by investigating how the notion of governing approaches has been treated in the political thought of Ronald C. Moe and Moe and Robert S. Gilmour and then exploring how the idea of governing approaches and another essential concept of government, that of inherently governmental, have been operationalized in the administrative device, Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Circular A-76. I utilized a longitudinal qualitative content analysis to determine whether there was support for a change in governing approaches from a Constitutionalist Governing Approach to an Entrepreneurial Governing Approach in the evolution of the meaning of inherently governmental as it was used in OMB Circular A-76, Performance of Commercial Activities, from 1966 to 2003. All the Circulars showed evidence of the Constitutionalist Governing Approach. The project repositions the notion of inherently governmental as a thick political concept, a normative, context-specific idea that a polity must address. It also proposes a research typology to guide investigations of these kinds of ideas.Ph. D.
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Yusuf, Fahmi, and Ella Sipek. "The factors behind the success of Swedish entrepreneurs : A quantitative approach of Swedish entrepreneurs, with an international comparison of the years 1800-2012." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-149778.
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The entrepreneur as an economic agent is highlighted as being important by several researchers, mainly through their contribution to innovation and economic development. Yet there is no universal definition of what is characterized as being an entrepreneur. The elements affecting success of entrepreneurs has previously not been outlined extensively, the aim of this study is therefore to determine the factors of entrepreneurial success in Sweden. This is made possible by adopting a statistical prosopography and reproducing the method used by Nuvolari, Toninelli & Vasta (2015). The method involves collecting qualitative information found in the Dictionary of Swedish National Biography and from a list of the most prominent entrepreneurs in Sweden, published by the newspaper Svenska Dagbladet. The qualitative information is then rewritten into quantitative data, which enables the use of factor analysis along with ordinary least square regressions. The standardized research allows for comparison of other studies involving entrepreneurs active in different countries. In addition, the model is expanded using a cluster analysis, allowing for identifying structures and patterns within the sample of entrepreneurs. The study concludes that entrepreneurial success appears to be a multi-dimensional phenomenon, also shown in other case studies adopting similar method. The level of innovation intensity proves to enhance success of all dimensions. While an entrepreneur’s educational level is shown to have a positive relationship with the economic success, it appeared to be negatively related to the aspect of social mobility. Moreover, involvement in politics is also shown to have a negative impact on economic success. Finally, the cluster analysis proved the existence of six different types of entrepreneurs within the sample.
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Joo, Kitano Hubert Augusto. "The investor-entrepreneur relationship in equity crowdfunding: a combined trust-agency based approach." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/458628.
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Fondos colectivos se considera una nueva fuente de financiación y se está convirtiendo en una herramienta cada vez más empleada por los empresarios que buscan financiación para su empresa y por los inversores que buscan alternativas no tradicionales de inversión. El fenómeno de los fondos colectivos, en teoría y en la práctica, se ha desarrollado y difundido significativamente en los últimos años. Los fondos colectivos de acciones se prometen transformar el panorama de la financiación privada para las empresas en fase de arranque y proyectos en fase inicial que permitan a los inversionistas sin experiencia participar en la financiación de un proyecto. Sin embargo, este tipo de inversionistas tienen herramientas limitadas para identificar casos de fraude y mala conducta, evaluar la propuesta de valor de los proyectos o vender su participación en un mercado secundario líquido. Esta tesis doctoral tiene el propósito de proporcionar un avance en el conocimiento y la comprensión sobre la evaluación de la toma de decisiones de los inversores cuando invierten en fondos colectivos de acciones. Este estudio fue estructurado y diseñado a través de tres ensayos independientes. Cada ensayo pretende explorar una característica del fenómeno de los fondos colectivos de acciones e incluye su propia metodología, análisis y resultados empíricos.
El objetivo del primer ensayo es estudiar las características de los inversores dispuestos a financiar nuevas empresas a través de plataformas de fondos colectivos. Hemos encontrado e identificado como factores significativos para categorizar a los inversores tanto su experiencia en fondos colectivos como su estrategia de diversificación de riesgos. El objetivo del segundo ensayo es evaluar el desarrollo de la confianza de los inversionistas en base a sus creencias sobre la competencia, integridad y benevolencia del empresario que busca financiación a través del modelo de fondos colectivos de acciones. La novedad de esta investigación fue analizar la "confianza" en el ecosistema de fondos colectivos de acciones. Utilizamos una técnica de modelado de ecuaciones estructurales para predecir la relación entre nuestras variables latentes de confianza y la intención de invertir en proyectos de fondos colectivos de acciones. El tercer ensayo tres se centra en analizar el efecto combinado de la confianza y las relaciones de agencia entre los inversores, los empresarios y las plataformas de fondos colectivos. En éste último ensayo agregamos los constructos de agencia a los constructos de confianza analizadas para el segundo ensayo. Los constructos de agencia se basan en la investigación de la dinámica de la agencia para el financiamiento inicial en los modelos de inversionistas ángeles, inversión de capital riesgo y fondos colectivos, e incluyen una combinación de factores de inversión ex-ante y ex-post. Hemos probado nuestra hipótesis utilizando un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales por el método de mínimo cuadrado parciales. Encontramos que existe una característica innata del inversionista de confiar en el ecosistema de los fondos colectivos y que los inversionistas han encontrado mecanismos que les permiten identificar posibles defectos y casos de fraude presentes en ciertos proyectos de fondo colectivos de acciones.
En base a los hallazgos de la investigación, esta tesis contribuye al conocimiento de diferentes maneras: Primero, una mejor descripción de las características del inversionista; en segundo lugar, adoptamos la conclusión de que la variable de confianza colectiva representada a través de las plataformas de fondos colectivos de acciones desempeña un papel importante en la explicación de las intenciones de confianza de los inversionistas; En tercer lugar, combinamos dos teorías muy conocidas, la confianza y la agencia, que aunque son complementarios no han sido utilizados en la investigación juntos lo suficientemente.Crowdfunding is considered a new source of funding and it is becoming an increasingly employed tool by entrepreneurs who seek financing for their venture and by investors who search for non-traditional alternatives of investment. The crowdfunding phenomenon, in theory and practice, has developed and spread significantly in recent years. Equity crowdfunding promises to transform the private funding landscape for start-ups and early stage projects allowing non-experience investors to participate in funding a project. However, these type of investors have limited tools to identify cases of fraud and misconduct, evaluate the value proposition of projects or sell their participation in a liquid secondary market. This doctoral dissertation has the purpose to advance knowledge and understanding on the investors’ decision-making assessment when investing in equity crowdfunding. This study was structured and design through three independent essays. Each essay intends to explore one characteristic of the equity crowdfunding phenomenon and includes its own methodology, analysis and empirical results. The objective of the first essay is to study the characteristics of the investors willing to fund start-ups through crowdfunding platforms. We found and identified as significant factors to categorize the investors both their expertise in equity crowdfunding and their risk diversification strategy. The objective of the second essay is to evaluate the investors’ development of trust based on their beliefs about the competence, integrity and benevolence of the entrepreneur seeking financing through the equity crowdfunding model. The novelty of this research was to analyze “trust” in the equity crowdfunding ecosystem. We use a structural equation modelling technique to predict the relationship among our trust latent variables and the trust intention to invest in equity crowdfunding projects. Essay three focuses on analyzing the combined effect of trust and agency relations among investors, entrepreneurs and crowdfunding platforms. In this essay we add the agency constructs to the trust constructs commented for the second essay objective. The agency constructs are built on the research of agency dynamics for start-up financing in business angel, venture capitalist investment and crowdfunding models, and comprise a combination of ex-ante and ex-post investment factors. We tested our hypothesis using a partial least square-structural equation modeling. We found that there is an innate characteristic of the investor to trust in the equity crowdfunding ecosystem and that the investors have found mechanisms that allow them to identify potential flaws and cases of fraud present in certain equity crowdfunding projects. Based on the research findings, this dissertation contributes to knowledge in different ways: First, a better description of the investor characteristics; second, we embrace the conclusion that the variable collective trust represented through the equity crowdfunding platforms performs an important part in explaining the trust intentions of the investors; third, we combine two very well-known theories, trust and agency, that even though they are complementary they have not been utilized in research together sufficiently.
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Karbouai, Khalid. "Les potentialités entrepreneuriales des Marocains résidents à l'étranger de retour (MRE) : Une approche comparatiste avec les créateurs d'entreprise marocains locaux." Thesis, Littoral, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017DUNK0506.
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L’objectif de cette recherche consiste à identifier et comparer les potentialités de l'entrepreneur migrant de retour à celles de son homologue Local. Rappelons que bien qu'un nombre important de recherches a traité l'entrepreneuriat et les caractéristiques entrepreneuriales, aucune, à notre connaissance, n'a étudié les potentialités de l'entrepreneur migrant de retour. Le souci de combler le manque de recherches gestionnaires et de contribuer au débat scientifique sur cette thématique nous a conduit à nous appuyer sur deux principaux paradigmes des traits et des faits de l'entrepreneur pour asseoir le concept de potentialités entrepreneuriales. Le corpus théorique obtenu s'appuie sur le modèle d'Yvon GASSE. Il établit un lien entre les différentes approches des traits et faits (caractéristiques et comportements), intègre les facteurs extrinsèques (milieu) et conduit à faire émerger le modèle conceptuel de notre thèse. Ce corpus théorique est relayé par le questionnaire adapté de Gasse qui a été administré à un échantillon de 393 entrepreneurs Marocains MRE (40%) et Locaux (60%). Les MRE sont les Marocains Résidents à l’Etranger revenus au Maroc pour créer leur entreprise. Les Locaux sont ceux qui résident depuis toujours au Maroc et qui sont entrepreneurs. Ce sont donc deux types d'entrepreneurs d'origine Marocaine mais avec des parcours de vie différents (migrants et non-migrants). Les 393 questionnaires sont soumis aux techniques multidimensionnelles d’analyse de données approfondies. Les résultats obtenus permettent de répondre à notre question de recherche : le niveau des potentialités de l’entrepreneur migrant de retour est diffèrent de celui de l’entrepreneur Local. L'expérience migratoire a permis à l'entrepreneur MRE de développer un niveau de potentialités entrepreneuriales plus élevé que celui de son homologue Local. De tels résultats font émerger des leviers originaux pouvant alimenter les dispositifs d’accompagnement endogènes. Leur combinaison au test de Cronbach fournit une grille réduite et adaptée du modèle de Gasse augurant un accompagnement différencié des futurs entrepreneurs MRE et LocauxThe objective of this research is to identify and compare the potentiality of the return migrant entrepreneur back to those of his Local counterpart. It should be recalled that while a significant number of research has addressed entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial characteristics, none, to our knowledge, has studied the potential of the returning migrant entrepreneur in relation to his Local counterpart. The concern to fill the lack of managerial research and to contribute to the scientific debate on this topic has led us to rely on two main paradigms of the traits and the facts of the entrepreneur to establish the concept of entrepreneurial potentials. The theoretical corpus obtained is based on the model of Yvon GASSE. It establishes a link between the different approaches of traits and facts (characteristics and behaviors), incorporates extrinsic factors (middle) and leads to the emergence of the conceptual model of our thesis. This theoretical corpus is relayed by the adapted questionnaire of Gasse which was administered to a sample of 393 Moroccan entrepreneurs MRE (40%) and Local (60%). The MRE are Moroccan residents abroad who have returned to Morocco to create their business. The premises are those who have always been resident in Morocco and who are entrepreneurs. They are therefore two types of entrepreneurs of Moroccan origin but with different life paths (migrant and non-migrant). The 393 questionnaires are subject to multi-dimensional data analysis techniques. The results obtained allow us to answer our research question: the level of the potential of the returning entrepreneur is different from that of the Local contractor. The migratory experience has enabled the MRE entrepreneur to develop a higher level of entrepreneurial potential than that of his Local counterpart. Such results are emerging from the original levers that can feed the endogenous accompaniment devices. Their combination with the Cronbach test provides a reduced and adapted grid of the Gasse model, auguring a differentiated accompaniment of future MRE and Local entrepreneurs
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Wang, Yifan. "L’évolution de l’intention et le développement de l’esprit d’entreprendre des élèves ingénieurs d’une école française : une étude longitudinale." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ECLI0011/document.
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L’engagement dans la création d’entreprise est un évènement rare et tardif chez les ingénieurs français. Pour changer cette situation et former davantage des ingénieurs-entrepreneurs, nous étudions l’impact de la formation dans une grande école d’ingénieurs en France. La problématique s’inscrit dans le cadre théorique du comportement planifié complété par la théorie de la carrière entrepreneuriale et la notion d’esprit d’entreprendre. Nous avons suivi une approche longitudinale afin d’étudier l’évolution des intentions et de la construction des identités professionnelles ainsi que les comportements observables associés au cours de leur formation. La thèse s’appuie sur un questionnaire posé chaque année au cours du curriculum et des entretiens semi-directifs en fin de cursus auprès des élèves ingénieurs. Elle aboutit à l’identification de plusieurs identités professionnelles d’ingénieurs (ingénieur technique, manager, entrepreneur) et la caractérisation de la trajectoire de l’intention qui mène au choix de carrière entrepreneuriale. L’impact des facteurs socioculturels, scolaires et extrascolaires sur la trajectoire de l’intention a été modélisé. Il permet d’expliquer la construction de chaque identité professionnelleAlthough many researchers point out the emergence of new generations of engineers, the traditional model of the French engineer remains reluctant to entrepreneurship, few engineers are moving towards entrepreneurial careers and they do it rather late in their career. To reverse this trend and train more entrepreneurial engineers, we study educational impact of an engineering Grande Ecole in France. Drawing on the theory of planned behaviour completed by the theory of entrepreneurial career and the notion of entrepreneurial spirit, we use a longitudinal approach to measure the evolution of intention, together with the construction of professional identities and observable behaviours of students during their school years. This study is based on a longitudinal survey completed each year by engineering students and semi-structured interviews with them at the end of the curriculum. The findings include the identification of three engineering professional identities (technical engineer, manager, and entrepreneur) and the definition of the entrepreneurial intention trajectory Leading to entrepreneurial career choice. The impacts of socio-cultural, pedagogical and extra curriculum factors on the trajectory of intention have been modelled. They can explain the building up process of each engineering professional identity
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Roski, F. "Entrepreneurial finance management in the German service sector : (financial management as a pragmatic implementation approach for the easing of the capital scarcity of young service enterprises in Germany)." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.590660.
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In Germany, business start-up persons in the service sector have experienced some difficulty in obtaining classical finance for start-up projects. Despite their importance for the national economy, these service-oriented entrepreneurs often lack expertise in financial management. Furthermore, no proven business models for start-up-specific financing requirements are available in the service sector to guide founders of new businesses. In an attempt to close this gap, the author develops an "entrepreneurial finance management (EFM) field of activity". This EFM-business model provides a description of the EFM-environment and the EFM-courses of action for business start-up persons in the service sector. Nine German business start-up persons are interviewed by means of a guide-supported expert survey. The collected data is analysed by applying a grounded theory strategy. The inductively generated patterns are synthesized and used to elaborate and to develop existing approaches to entrepreneurial finance. By doing this, it is hoped that they can be made more compatible with the needs of business start-up persons in the service sector in the German context. The detailed findings presented here show the target parameters of founders of business in the service sector (such as start-up motives, financial objectives and financial management strategies); the essential conditions (characterization and tasks of the financial manager, funding requirements of start-up service enterprises, and start-up financing); and the design parameters (CPDS-methods and instruments).
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Sabbari, Ahmed. "L'orientation entrepreneuriale des PME à internationalisation rapide et logiques d'identification des opportunités d'exportation : cas des PME agro-industrielles au Maroc." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAG006/document.
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Hormis l'intérêt croissant que suscitent l'entrepreneuriat international et l'entrepreneuriat organisationnel comme nouvelles voies de réflexion, la recherche académique dans les deux champs ne semble pas suffisamment insister sur les processus et les dynamiques sous- jacentes de l'internationalisation rapide des PME et de la formation de leurs orientations entrepreneuriales (OE). La présente recherche se donne comme objectif de proposer une compréhension systémique des processus entrepreneuriaux de la PME à internationalisation rapide en plaçant la logique de identification des opportunités d'exportation au cœur de notre réflexion. Le travail s'achèvera par une modélisation qualitative expliquant le phénomène en question.La première partie de cette thèse est consacrée aux fondements théoriques de la recherche, abordant les concepts clés de notre cadre conceptuel. La deuxième partie aborde empiriquement la problématique de la recherche. Après une première analyse de contextualisation, sont présentés et analysés les résultats d'une étude de cas multiples, réalisées au sein de six jeunes PME exportatrices marocaines du secteur agro-industriel.La recherche met en évidence des vecteurs internes (connaissances, expériences et capital social) et des contraintes externes (nature de l'activité et caractéristiques du marché local) comme déterminants de l'internationalisation rapide des PME étudiées. Plus important encore, deux configurations différentes de l'OE sont décrites en relation avec deux logiques distinctes de identification des opportunités d'exportation (une logique de type causale et une autre de type effectuale)Despite the growing interest in international entrepreneurship and organizational entrepreneurship as new ways of thinking, academic research in both fields does not seem sufficiently emphasize the underlying processes and dynamics of the accelerated internationalization of SMEs and the formation of their entrepreneurial orientation (EO). This research aims to provide a systemic understanding of entrepreneurial processes of the SMEs by placing the logic of determining export opportunities at the heart of our thinking. The work will conclude by a qualitative model explaining the phenomenon in question.The first part of this thesis is devoted to the theoretical foundations of research, addressing key concepts of our conceptual framework. The second part addresses the problem of empirical research. After an initial work of contextualization, are presented and analyzed the results of a multiple case study, conducted in six young Moroccan exporting SMEs in the agro-industrial sector.The research highlights the internal vectors (knowledge, experience and social capital) and external constraints (nature of the activity and the local market characteristics) as determinants of the accelerated internationalization of young SMEs studied. More importantly, two different configurations of the EO dimensions are described in relation with two distinct logics of determining export opportunities (causal logic vs effectuale logic)
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Green, Miriam. "THE HAMBURG-ST.-PAULI-BRANDDIALECTIC - Examining Hamburg’s city branding approach and its effects on the local Red-Light-District." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21675.
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“What is certain is that the question of […] re-making a landscape of prostitution in the city […] needs to be viewed as part of a changing, global discourse on the nature of contemporary cities” (Aalbers & Sabat 2012, p. 114).Prostitution – associated with well-known Red-Light Districts – has for a long time been seen as “a significant urban activity that relates to other economic and social functions of the city [and contributes] […] to the cognitive image of a city held by both residents and non-residents, even those who have never frequented them” (Ashworth, White & Winchester 1988, p. 201). It is therefore no surprise that within the neoliberal framework of inter-city competition, these once notorious districts, commonly associated with crime and violence, ascended into spaces of entertainment and consumption, neatly aligning with entrepreneurial city branding strategies. The Reeperbahn, Hamburg’s famous mile of sin, located within the district of St. Pauli is no exception to this rule. As a place traditionally located outside Hamburg’s social and physical city limits, it is nowadays frequented by thousands of tourists and party seekers, drawn in by the area’s myths and shady reputation (Khan 2012). Actively fostering the (economic) attractiveness of the so-called Kiez has long been part of Hamburg’s city politics and was reinforced with the creation of the Hamburg Brand Marketing Strategy in 2002, where the Entertainment Mile Reeperbahn alongside Hamburg’s Pulsating Scenes became two of the key success modules in branding the city. The repercussion this has had not only for the district and its inhabitants but specifically for the red-light industry has largely been understudied.This Master’s Thesis therefore, aims at studying the general effects of city branding, such as displacement and conflict over spatial uses in the face of Over-Tourism and re-development strategies. Looking at the specific case of the Reeperbahn, it closes the gap of the somewhat understudied effects of gentrification on St. Pauli’s unique culture. By interviewing different local stakeholders, conducting a broad literature review as well as undertaking field work, the Hamburg-St.-Pauli-Brand-Dialectic will be analyzed subsequently, showing, how the Hamburg Brand and the city as a whole have profited from St. Pauli’s reputation and what consequences this has had in turn for the district.
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Takahara, Yoshie. "A management approach to successful international partnerships of universities : a phase- and principle-based management model and its implications for Japanese higher education." Thesis, University of Bath, 2018. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.761039.
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Universities, facing both pressures and opportunities created by globalisation, are currently seeking a way to reinforce their capabilities by enhancing their academic strength through internationalisation. In such a setting, the development of international partnerships has been increasingly recognised as a central strategy for the success of internationalisation. Understanding the increasing importance of international partnerships for universities, this study will attempt to understand what could make a successful partnership and identify which management approach is most likely to realise a successful international partnership between universities. A successful international partnership in this thesis is assumed to be the one that is able to function smoothly and effectively towards achieving the goals set by the partnership. This thesis argues that the best management approach for successful international partnerships is a phase- and principle-based management approach. This approach enables a partnership to facilitate the essential ‘phases’ of development and sustainable growth by embedding some critical principles into its management practices to facilitate those essential ‘phases’. This study proposes there are three essential phases and three critical principles. The three essential phases are ‘building a partnership’, ‘consolidation and catalysing maturity’ and ‘maintaining a positive cycle between growth and consolidation’. The three critical principles are accountability, transparency, and learning capacity. While discussing a phase- and principle-based management approach, this thesis develops the premise that an international university partnership is an organic and dynamic phenomenon and the success of an international partnership is underpinned by entrepreneurial culture. This thesis involves case studies with multiple universities from Japan, the United Kingdom, Belgium, Sweden, and Australia, engaging in different types of international partnerships. Through the case studies, this thesis explores whether existing universities consider the three phases and the three critical principles as important, and how they have developed and improved their management structures and processes to implement their international partnerships. To be more precise, two types of international university partnerships are studied, namely a partial and task-specific double degree programme (DDP) partnership between a Japanese university and its partners, which is an example of a standard management model, and a comprehensive and organised strategic alliance between multiple universities from different countries, which is an example of the best management model. Those two models are compared using the phase- and principle-based model as comparator criteria. International university partnership development in a Japanese context is another key theme. This thesis examines the state of international partnerships recently developed by Japanese universities. It makes a comparison of the current situation of Japanese universities using the best identified management model. At present, the most popular type of international partnership in Japanese higher education is that of a DDP, which is a basic and task-specific type of partnership. Many universities around the world are developing DDP partnerships. Such partnerships are therefore appropriate for a case study of a standard management approach. To examine the DDP partnerships developed by a Japanese university, this thesis focuses on the case of Kyushu University, Japan and its partners; the aim is to identify the strengths and weaknesses of a basic and task-specific partnership model with respect to current and future circumstances. This thesis studies the strategic alliance between Monash University and the University of Warwick for the best management approach. The Monash Warwick Alliance is an advanced comprehensive partnership with diverse projects involving wide range of stakeholders including researchers, educators, students, administrators, and outside stakeholders. Considering its broad range of scope and stakeholders, it could embrace greater complexity in terms of management, thereby more mature and sophisticated management structures and processes could be required. Based upon understanding the essential features of the best management approach, this thesis attempts to figure out whether and how the limitations of a partial and task-specific DDP partnership, could be rectified and provide recommendations for universities in Japan to aid the further advancement of their international partnership projects and the overall internationalisation of universities. Possible improvements suggest that their management structure should possess the capability to steer and coordinate a partnership by developing accountable management structures and implementing effective communication and information strategies, developing a vigorous system of quality and performance review, creating a mechanism to institutionalise learning, and integrating expertise in the management structures and processes.
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Gamble, Edward N. "The ABCs of entrepreneurial opportunity : approaches, behaviors and context." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.629773.
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Previous studies have identified entrepreneurial heterogeneity, for example, in terms of novice, serial and portfolio entrepreneurs. This study extends the notion of entrepreneur heterogeneity through an empirical investigation of three different, but related concepts: the approaches, behaviors and context of entrepreneurs. More specifically, this thesis investigates individual-level patterns and processes adjoining the recognition, evaluation and exploitation of entrepreneurial opportunities. The initial motivation for this thesis originates from the invitations, of leading academics, to advance the domain of entrepreneurship through an improved understanding of the opportunity nexus. The second motivation for this thesis stems from the reality that an improved understanding of early-stage venturing activities has significant consequence for the economic output of nations. The ultimate purpose of this thesis was to empirically test opportunity related hypotheses from the perspective of cognitive priorities and strategic logics. Two surveys were constructed, using these cognitive priorities and strategic logics, as a means of examining early-stage entrepreneurs within the opportunity nexus. Using these two primary survey instruments, data on 304 early-stage entrepreneurs were collected and analyzed. The findings of this thesis contribute to knowledge form a theoretical, empirical and methodological perspective. Theoretically, the thesis identifies certain cognitive priorities and strategic logics used by early-stage entrepreneurs that contribute to individual's desire to establish a new venture. Empirically. the thesis classifies opportunity approaches into three categories, based on discrete stages. Methodologically, the thesis demonstrates how to employ data drawn from virtual as well as real entrepreneurs. Overall, the evidence form the findings are suggestive of new ways to understand entrepreneurial opportunity and entrepreneurial heterogeneity. 2 Additionally, the results of this thesis have implications for policy makers. Firstly, careful and pragmatic steps should be taken to understand individual differences between entrepreneurs before implementing broad-based venture creation programs to assist entrepreneurs. Consequently, if economic stimulation via new business start-up is the objective of policy makers, then this thesis offers several suggestions when working with entrepreneurs: (1) the importance of understanding the perceptual expectations of the individual entrepreneur, (2) facilitating early and small venture successes, (3) improving information search behaviors, (4) practicing idea development and (5) instilling a sense of strategic flexibility. Secondly, the evidence provided in this thesis suggests that policy makers may want to take a measured approach when dealing with opportunity in the future. One suggestion would be to engage in further research by using the results of this thesis and pairing them with longitudinal, performance measurement outcomes. On the basis of the findings in this study, the following three research questions were answered: Can we empirically identify discrete individual-level approaches to opportunity? Can we empirically identify factors that are associated with entrepreneurs' desire to exploit opportunities? Are opportunity constructs contingent upon the type of new venture context? That said, an argument is made for continued studies in this area of entrepreneurial opportunity, resulting from these initial empirical investigations. Key Words: nascent entrepreneur heterogeneity, entrepreneurial opportunity, opportunity recognition, opportunity evaluation, opportunity exploitation, strategy, cognition, entrepreneurship, economic growth, new ventures
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Le, Pendeven Benjamin. "Emerging approaches for financing innovation." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018CNAM1169.
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Portés par des changements technologiques, des cadres juridiques nouveaux, une demande de financement croissante de la part des entreprises innovantes et une montée en maturité des opérateurs du marché, les professionnels du financement de l’innovation ont pour partie modifié leurs pratiques et de nouveaux outils émergent. Ces nombreuses évolutions posent des questionnements théoriques essentiels.La thèse vise à investiguer trois de ces modes de financement. Le premier, les Social Impact Bonds (autrement dénommés en France Contrats à Impact Social) sont un mode de financement de l’innovation sociale non entrepreneuriale apparu en 2010 en Grande-Bretagne. Le second outil analysé est celui du financement participatif (crowdfunding). Forme émergente de financement des projets entrepreneuriaux par la foule sur internet, il connait une croissance forte depuis une décennie. La thèse questionne l’impact du degré d’innovation sur la réussite des campagnes. Le troisième et dernier outil évoqué dans la thèse est celui des fonds de Multi Corporate Venture Capital (MCVC), et leurs formes organisationnellesDriven by technological change, new legal frameworks, growing demand for cash from start-ups, and a growing maturity of market operators, innovation finance professionals have partly modified their practices. On the one hand, traditional financing tools have modernized their organizations and methods, and on the other, new forms of financing have emerged. These numerous evolutions open essential theoretical questions, while questioning the traditional theories of the financing of innovation as well as suggesting new theoretical considerations.The thesis investigates three of these modes of financing. The first, the Social Impact Bonds (otherwise known as Contrats à Impact Social, in France) are a way of financing the non-entrepreneurial social innovation that appeared in 2010 in Great Britain. The second tool analyzed is about equity crowdfunding. Emerging form of financing entrepreneurial projects by the crowd on the internet, it knows a strong growth since a decade. The thesis analyzes the impact of innovation degree on campaigns’ success. The third and last tool mentioned in this thesis is that of the funds of Multi Corporate Venture Capital (MCVC)
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Benredjem, Redha. "Modélisation et typologie de l'intention et des profils entrepreneuriaux : une approche comparative internationale." Grenoble, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010GRENG013.
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L'objet de cette recherche porte sur l'intention entrepreneuriale dans le contexte algérien et français. Un large état de la littérature sur les différentes approches dans le champ de l'entrepreneuriat est réalisé. La revue de la littérature porte tout d'abord sur l'entrepreneur et l'approche par les traits, puis sur le phénomène processuel en mettant l'accent sur le processus d'émergence. La réflexion se concentre ensuite sur les modèles intentionnels et s'appuie sur la théorie du comportement planifié. Une revue de la littérature complémentaire étudie l'environnement et le comportement entrepreneurial à travers trois approches mettant en exergue les variables culturelles, institutionnelles et cognitives. Une fois le cadre théorique précisé, deux recherches empiriques quantitatives sont réalisées. La première recherche vise à expliquer l'intention entrepreneuriale à travers une modélisation. La seconde a pour objectif de déterminer des profils d'intention entrepreneuriale. Les résultats ont permis de montrer certaines ressemblances et dissemblances dans les croyances ainsi qu'une différence dans l'explication de l'intention entrepreneuriale des étudiants. Ils ont permis également de distinguer quatre profils d'individus basés sur l'intention entrepreneuriale chez trois populations, étudiants, chômeurs et salariésThis research focuses on entrepreneurial intention in Algerian and French contexts. A comprehensive review of the literature on different approaches in the field of entrepreneurship has been undertaken. This literature review focuses first on the entrepreneur and an approach concerned with traits, it then turns to process phenomenon by focusing on process emergence. Intentional models and especially those models based on the theory of planned behavior are also examined. A review of literature targeting the environment and entrepreneurial behavior through three approaches highlighting cultural, institutional and cognitive variables rounds out the first part of the research. After explaining the theoretical framework, two quantitative empirical studies are conducted. The first study aims to explain entrepreneurial intention through modeling. The second study tries to identify patterns (profiles) of entrepreneurial intention. The results highlight similarities and differences in beliefs and underscore a difference when explaining student entrepreneurial intentions. This research identifies four profiles among three populations (students, the unemployed and the employed) based on entrepreneurial intention
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Mbodji, Diop Ndéye Sira. "Le processus entrepreneurial féminin : une approche compréhensive dans le contexte sénégalais." Thesis, Lille 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1A010/document.
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Cette recherche s’inscrit dans une perspective de contribution à la production de connaissances sur les activités entrepreneuriales féminines en Afrique de l’ouest particulièrement au Sénégal, qui restent peu ou mal connu au niveau académique. Après une analyse de la théorie existante sur l’entrepreneuriat féminin et une étude de deux cas pilotes, il s’est avéré opportun d'étudier le processus entrepreneurial des femmes au Sénégal en considérant à la fois les trajectoires individuelles et collectives. L’objectif dans cette recherche est de comprendre en profondeur le processus entrepreneurial féminin au Sénégal en mettant l’accent sur les représentations que les femmes font de leurs activités entrepreneuriales dans leurs situations. Pour réaliser cet objectif, nous avons adopté une posture interprétative qui s’est appuyée sur la théorie enracinée caractérisée par une approche qualitative inductive avec la stratégie de l’étude de cas. Ainsi, même si nous avons utilisé quelques données secondaires en guise de compléments, les données ont été essentiellement de type primaire obtenues à travers l’étude de dix (10) cas d’entrepreneures individuelles et huit (08) regroupements de femmes qui ont des activités entrepreneuriales collectives. À l’issue de l’analyse, nous avons pu mettre en évidence les caractéristiques de l’entrepreneuriat féminin et de ses actrices dans le contexte Sénégalais. En fin d’analyse, la thèse propose une théorie enracinée, explicative du processus entrepreneurial féminin, avec des variables environnementales et personnelles. Nous avons aussi proposé des éléments d’accompagnement et d’amélioration de l’entrepreneuriat féminin au SénégalThis research is within the framework of means of production related to knowledge about west African women entrepreneurship activities and namely in Africa, which is scarcely well-known at the academic level. After an analysis of an existing theory over woman entrepreneurship and a study two experimental cases, it has been properly proved to study the women entrepreneur process in Senegal in considering both the individual and collective sides. The purpose of this research is to understand, describe, and explain the process of women entrepreneurship in Senegal by putting the stress on the representation that women are having on their entrepreneur activities in their specific domains. To achieve this objective, we have chosen an interpretative approach which rests on the empirical theory with a typical quality-inductive approach and the case study strategy. Therefore, even though we have used additional data to complete it, they are considered as primary data obtained from the study of ten (1o) cases of individual entrepreneurs and eight (8) other women associations gathering in collective entrepreneur activities. At the end of the analysis we have managed to implement the characteristics of woman entrepreneurship’s and is actors regarding the Senegalese context. In the last part of our analysis, the thesis proposes an empirical and detailed theory, of the woman entrepreneurship process with environmental and personal variables
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Neullet, Corinne. "Evaluation des choix d'organisation industrielle de l'entreprise : éléments d'analyse pour une approche par les flux." Aix-Marseille 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX24002.
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Cette recherche a été conduite dans le cadre d'une convention industrielle de formation par la recherche en collaboration avec le cabinet conseil Algoe Management et le CRET (centre de recherche d'économie des transports). Elle pose les premiers éléments pour l'élaboration d'une méthode de diagnostic. Support de conseil auprès des entreprises industrielles, celle-ci permet de les guider dans leurs choix d'organisation, l'organisation s'entendant ici comme l'organisation des flux physiques liés à la mise à disposition des produits, depuis l'approvisionnement jusqu'à la livraison au client. L'approche, basée sur l'analyse des flux générés par l'activité de l'entreprise, donne un éclairage sur les mécanismes de structuration et d'évolution de l'organisation industrielle. Les flux, à la fois révélateurs de la cohérence interne de l'organisation et de sa cohérence avec son environnement, permettent d'évaluer la performance de l'entreprise dans un cadre dynamique. Le rôle de la maîtrise des flux par rapport à la stratégie suivie et au devenir de l'entreprise peut alors être positionnéThis research work was undertaken within the framework of a cifre (industrial training through research convention), with the support of the consultancy company Algoe Management and the CRET (centre for research in the economy of transport systems). The research puts forward the first elements towards the definition of a method for diagnosis which would promote efficient consulting input and guidance in the organisational decisions to be taken within industrial structures. These structures may be defined as the product flow from the raw materials stage until client delivery. The approach, based upon an analysis of the flow generated by the company's activity highlights the industrial organisation's processes of structuring and evolution. The flow system show clearly the coherence of the organisation, both internally and in relation to the environment. This enables a clear evaluation of company performance within a dynamic framework. The role of product flow management in relation to a company's strategy and it's evolution may be defined
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Santilli, Dino. "Les projets dans le secteur social et médico-social : pour une approche dialogique." Thesis, Nancy 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NAN22005/document.
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L'étude de la relation entre le projet d'Établissement et le projet managérial se définit à partir de courants de pensée en mesure d'éclairer notre recherche, alliant constructivisme et théorie de Giddens. À la lumière de voies intermédiaires existantes, l'analyse du secteur social et médico-social est généralement menée sous l'approche de contraintes environnementales et principalement dans le choix d'orientations stratégiques à travers l'innovation, la complexité et la gestion de l'incertitude. Notre travail de recherche vise à mesurer le degré de potentialité qui s'exerce entre les projets. Celui-ci repose sur deux visions ; la première vision se donne pour objectif d'identifier les éléments de la structuration humaine et les éléments de la construction de la relation ; la seconde vision tend à déterminer le degré d'influence de la théorie de Giddens sur la proposition d'un modèle d'organisation et de pilotage. Dans un souci de rationaliser notre recherche, elle se concentrera autour de cette théorie. La question est de savoir si les entreprises développent leur stratégie dans une vision disjonctive des projets ou bien dans la définition et la mise en action dialogique de principes managériaux fortement influencés par l'innovation. Compte tenu de l'environnement de proximité, d'une gouvernance où le manager détient la vision stratégique, du recours à des comportements entrepreneuriaux, il apparaît que les entreprises, définies en communauté, sont en mesure d'établir une relation en marge des contraintes imposées par le contexte et lutter contre le statu quo. Afin de mesurer le degré de potentialité de la relation, nous avons fait le choix de conduire notre recherche auprès de cinq cas cliniques. Le sens de cette contribution est de mettre en avant un style de management ainsi qu'une nouvelle perspective de structuration de l'organisation. À la lumière de nos entretiens et à l'exploitation quantitative et qualitative, il en ressort que les projections de mise en relation des projets constituent un élément applicable voire incontournable de survie des organisations. Si la liberté d'y recourir demeure entière, il n'en reste pas moins que les entreprises qui y renoncent, s'exposent à des choix stratégiques douloureux en regard de l'intensité de l'environnementThe study of the relationship between the enterprise project and the managerial project is defined according to several theories that are likely to enlighten our research, intermingling constructivism and Giddens's theory. In the light of the already existing intermediary media, the analysis on both social and medico-social fields is usually led, taking into account environmental constraints, ant particularly in the choice of strategic orientations, via innovation, complexity and how to handle uncertainty. Our research aims at measuring the level of potentiality that exists between the projects. This level is grounded in two visions? the first one?s goal is to identify the elements of humane structuralization along with the elements of relationship building; the second vision tries to determine the level of influence of Giddens?s theory on an attempt to suggest a model of organization and piloting. Being concerned about rationalizing our research, it will focus on this theory. The question is to know whether enterprises develop their strategy in a disjunctive vision of the projects, or in the definition and a dialogic implementation of managerial principles deeply influenced by innovation. Given the environment of proximity in a governing where the manager holds the strategic vision, of the use of managerial behaviors, it appears that enterprises, defined as communities, are capable of establishing a relationship that can do without the constraints imposed by the context and also fight status quo. So as to measure the level of potentiality of the relationship, our choice was to lead our research on five clinical cases. The meaning of this contribution is to highlight a managerial style and also a new perspective for structuring the organization. Our interviews and a quantitative and qualitative analyses made us notice that projections of linking the projects represent an applicable and even inescapable element for the survival of organizations. If they are at liberty to use them, it remains nevertheless that the enterprises that give it up, take the risk of exposing themselves to painful strategic choices due to the intensity of the environment
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Boucher, Thomas. "La dynamique de la gouvernance de l'organisation adolescente : une approche par le cycle de vie de l'organisation." Bordeaux 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR40078.
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Peu d'entrepreneurs choisissent une dynamique d'entrepreneuriat persistant. Ces organisations dites "adolescentes" sont confrontées à l'arrivée de nouveaux partenaires pourvoyeurs de ressources dont l'engagement conditionne le développement. Les objectifs poursuivis par des différentes parties prenantes, dont l'entrepreneur, ne sont pas forcément convergents, ce qui pose une question de gouvernance. En se positionnant dans le champ de l'entrepreneuriat, où l'entrepreneur crée une organisation, les théories de gouvernance (financière, partenariale, cognitive et comportementale) apportent une lecture originale des enjeux de ce développement tant pour les parties prenantes que pour l'entrepreneur. La problématique posée par cette thèse est alors de comprendre comment concilier, impulser, tout autant une dynamique de croissance. Une approche méthodologique longitudinale par étude de cas a été retenue. Elle porte sur un cas unique suivi sur une période de six ans combinant données primaires par entretiens et observations in situe et données secondaires essentiellement documentaires>. Les résultats de la recherche montrent comment la latitude discrétionnaire de l'entrepreneur évolue en fonction de zones d'incertitudes qu'il construit lui-même. L'entrepreneur persistant apparaît comme un intendant d'une organisation collective susceptible de lui fournir désormais d'autres critères de satisfaction comme par exeple l'hubris. Enfin, l'investissement des parties prenantes n'est pas fondé uniquement sue la contribution/rétribution financière mais repose sur des mécanismes d'engagement.
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Bourguiba, Malek. "De l'intention à l'action entrepreneuriale : approche comparative auprès de TPE françaises et tunisiennes." Thesis, Nancy 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NAN22003/document.
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Cette thèse est consacrée à l'étude de la contingence culturelle de l'intention-action de création d'entreprise. Elle met en oeuvre une recherche empirique qui permet, au travers de la démarche de triangulation, d'explorer le rôle de la culture nationale dans ces notions. Une analyse théorique des principaux concepts dans le domaine de l'entrepreneuriat et de la culture nationale, permettra de mettre en évidence un cadre conceptuel adapté à l'étude de la contingence culturelle de l'intention entrepreneuriale. En effet, ce dernier propose une approche intégrant les différents niveaux d'analyse de la culture nationale et leurs incidences sur la formation de l'intention entrepreneuriale. La thèse présente son projet en termes de problématique et de méthodologie, au travers d'un processus de collecte de données, par entretiens et questionnaires, sur 35 études de cas de créateurs de TPE en provenance de la région Lorraine (France) et de la région Grand Tunis (Tunisie). Les traitements de ces données (analyses qualitative et quantitative) conduisent à adopter la contingence culturelle de la désirabilité et de la faisabilité perçues de se lancer en affaires. La recherche suggère aux acteurs décideurs que l'intention entrepreneuriale ne peut-être considérée comme universelle. En revanche, elle peut être investie au travers de certaines caractéristiques culturelles spécifiques, notamment les valeurs et croyances culturelles, le contexte relationnel, les motivations, les modèles d'entrepreneurs, etc. Ainsi, cette étude met en avant l'imbrication de la culture nationale et la culture entrepreneurialeThis thesis is dedicated to study a cultural contingency of the entrepreneurial intention-action. It uses empirical research which permits, through a triangulation method, to explore the role of national culture in these notions. A theoretical analysis of main concepts on entrepreneurship and national culture enables to suggest an adapted conceptual framework for studying cultural contingency on entrepreneurial intention. In fact, this framework proposes an approach that permits to integrate different analysis levels of national culture and their effects on the entrepreneurial intention formation. The thesis presents its problematic and methodological project, through interviews and questionnaires applied in 35 case studies of small business creators, coming from "Lorraine" region (France) and "Grand Tunis" region (Tunisia). The data treatment (quantitative and qualitative analysis) brings to adopt the cultural contingency of perceived desirability and feasibility to start a business. The research suggests that intention of business creation can't be considered as universal. On the other hand it can be surrounded according to specific cultural characteristics, particularly, cultural values and beliefs, relational context, motivations, entrepreneurs' roles models, etc. It defends also the imbrication's entrepreneurial and national cultures
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Schmidt, Jochen [Verfasser]. "Micro Foundations of Corporate Entrepreneurship : Investigating Causes and Effects of Entrepreneurial Approaches / Jochen Schmidt." Berlin : epubli GmbH, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1063221633/34.
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Sheldon, Robert C. "The economics of entrepreneurship : an information cost approach to international venture creation." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012IEPP0031.
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La visée empirique de cette étude porte sur la façon dont les décisions se prennent dans le cadre de la création d'entreprise internationale, en particulier sur la décision de faire ou faire faire ex nihilo qui intervient lors du choix initial, ou le mode d'entrée adopté par les créateurs d’entreprise pour entreprendre une nouvelle activité. L’étude montre qu’ils utilisent une ou plusieurs des six méthodes d'acquisition de l'information dont une recherche d’information, en soi très limitée, conforme aux modèles économiques courants. Parmi ces méthodes également, celles non prospectives telles que les réseaux, les sollicitations, les marchés provisoires et les témoignages. La proposition d’une théorie sur la décision de faire ou faire faire ex nihilo rend compte de l’utilisation de diverses méthodes selon le degré d'incertitude dans un contexte décisionnel donné ; elle démontre qu’un degré élevé d’incertitude majore les coûts d'acquisition d'information par le biais de méthodes prospectives, si bien qu'un changement préférentiel se produit. Là où le résultat serait choisi en fonction de sa relative efficacité ex post, il l’est en fait pour son degré d’opportunité ex ante, ou pour la disponibilité de l'information à faible coût. On montre que cette volonté d’économiser sur les coûts d'information place le processus de décision de faire ou faire faire ex nihilo dans des conditions d'extrême incertitude. Les implications ex post liées au choix de résultats pour des raisons autres que leur relative efficacité sont également exploréesThe empirical focus of this work is on how decisions are made in the context of international venture creation. It focuses on the ex nihilo make or buy decision, which occurs when individuals choose the initial form, or entry mode, which will be used to undertake a new business activity. It finds that they tend to use one or more of six information acquisition methods. These include search and very limited search, which are in keeping with mainstream economic models. They also include non forward-looking methods such as networks, solicitations, provisional markets and stories. A theory of the ex nihilo make or buy decision is proposed that explains the use of various methods by the degree of uncertainty in a given decision context. It holds that elevated uncertainty increases the costs of information acquisition via forward-looking methods such that a preferential shift occurs. Where an outcome would be selected according to its relative ex post efficiency, it is instead selected for its ex ante expediency, or the degree to which information about it is readily available and hence low-cost. It is maintained that this desire for information cost economies drives the ex nihilo make or buy decision process under conditions of extreme uncertainty. The ex post ramifications of selecting outcomes for reasons other than their relative efficiency are also explored
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Bornard, Fabienne. "La représentation de l’objet Entreprise par son créateur : quelles influences sur le processus entrepreneurial ?" Chambéry, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CHAML040.
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De plus en plus de travaux académiques pointent les limites des méthodologies d'accompagnement à la création d'entreprise habituellement mobilisées. Celles-ci étant fondées sur des approches séquentielles et normatives, elles imposent un séquencement mal adapté à la dynamique individuelle d'un processus entrepreneurial non linéaire. La prise en compte des facteurs cognitifs individuels constitue une voie de recherche qui pourrait contribuer à l'amélioration des dispositifs d'accompagnement. Cette thèse traite ainsi de la relation d'influence existant entre les schémas cognitifs du créateur d'entreprise et le déroulement du processus entrepreneurial. A cette fin, le concept de représentation sociale est mobilisé et appliqué à l'objet idéel central du processus, l'objet Entreprise. Une approche qualitative longitudinale a été retenue afin d'étudier quatre cas de créations d'entreprise, sur des périodes allant de un à quatre ans, complétés par l'analyse comparative des représentations accompagnateur-créateur pour un des cas. Le lien représentation sociale/processus entrepreneurial est analysé grâce à la construction de cartes cognitives. Les résultats ont confirmé l'importance de la représentation de l'objet Entreprise dans les choix stratégiques opérés et son influence potentielle sur la performance de l'entreprise crée; un des apports théoriques de ce travail réside dans la proposition d'un modèle du processus entrepreunarial articulé autour de la variable « représentation de l'objet Entreprise ». Sur le plan managérial, les bases d'une méthodologie itérative d'accompagnement, visant à mettre à jour puis analyser la représentation du créateur, sont poséesThe limits of the existing entrepreneurial support dispositives and particularly the methodologies of venture creation usually used are pointed out in a growing number of researches. Based on sequential and normative approaches, they don't fit the individual dynamics of a non-linear entrepreneurial process. Taking into account the individual cognitive characteristics is a research direction that could help their improvement. This thesis is concerned with the question of the influence relationship existing between the cognitive schemes of the company creator and the way he develops his entrepreneurial project. The concept of social representation has been adopted and focused on a central object in the entrepreneurial process, the object « Company ». A longitudinal and qualitative approach has made it possible to study four cases of company creations, over a period spreading from one to four years. An additional comparative analysis of the representations of an entrepreneur and his adviser is presented. The connection between social representation and the entrepreneurial process has been analysed, thanks to the creation of cognitive maps. The results have confirmed the importance of the representation of the Company in the strategic choices made and its potential influence on the performance of the company created. One of the theoretic contributions of this work is based on the proposition of a model of the entrepreneurial process integrating the « representation of the object Company » variable. From a managerial point of view, the basis of an operational support methodology seeking to unveil then analyse the social representation of the entrepreneur are proposed
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Bourguiba, Malek Bayad Mohamed. "De l'intention à l'action entrepreneuriale approche comparative auprès de TPE françaises et tunisiennes /." S. l. : Université Nancy 2, 2007. http://cyberdoc.univ-nancy2.fr/htdocs/docs_ouvert/doc283/2007NAN22003_1.pdf.
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Luong, Thi Ngan. "Reconciling the diverse approaches to entrepreneurial marketing research : evidence from the independent hospitality industry in Vietnam." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2018. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/7944/.
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Entrepreneurial marketing (EM) has been studied from diverse approaches over the past three decades. One common approach to studying EM focuses on exploring EM adoption from a firm capability perspective. Another view emphasises the role of the business context to understand EM. These diverse approaches have led to rich, yet fragmented views of EM. This thesis is built upon these debates and proposes to reconcile the dichotomy of EM research. In doing so, both the business context and firm are taken into account to provide a holistic approach to study EM. The research employed an interpretive philosophical position and qualitative research design in examining EM in the Vietnamese independent hospitality industry. A combination of purposive and snowball sampling methods was used to recruit 30 participants for in-depth interviews. Data triangulation was achieved by using observations and fieldnotes. This thesis contributes to the EM literature by applying a comprehensive approach to understand EM from a structuration perspective. The findings reveal the enabling and constraining role of business structures which results in different tactics firms use to facilitate EM; a typology of four EM scripts is developed to conceptualise various EM adoption which represent the reciprocal relationship between firms and business structures.
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Bouslikhane, Mohamed Zaki. "L'entreprise familiale face à la succession : approche par les cas." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0249.
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Cette thèse porte sur la gouvernance et la transmission des entreprises familiales dans un contexte marocain. Il n’est pas à démontrer que les entreprises familiales sont reconnues comme le maillon fort du tissu économique mondial et encore plus à l’échelle du territoire du Maroc. L’intérêt des chercheurs pour ce sujet reste toutefois récent. La littérature francophone sur les thématiques de l’entreprise familiale et de sa succession est peu nombreuse ; elle s’est développée durant les vingt dernières années. La période de transmission des entreprises familiales est une période critique dans le cycle de vie des entreprises. La problématique de notre thèse est centrée sur cette phase de transmission intergénérationnelle. Nous nous interrogeons sur les mécanismes mis en place par le propriétaire dirigeant pour anticiper les conflits familiaux d’une part et les mécanismes incitatifs qui sont développés pour motiver les générations ascendantes à rejoindre l’entreprise familiale. Après avoir exploré le concept d’entreprise familiale nous nous sommes immergés au sein d’entreprises familiales dans le cadre de recherches-intervention. C’est naturellement que notre positionnement épistémologique interprétativiste nous a mené à une démarche méthodologique abductive basée sur des études de cas. Elles ont constitué le noyau « dur » de notre recherche. Le « noyau mou » étant inspiré du cas de l’entreprise familiale dans laquelle nous évoluons. Les résultats de nos travaux mettent en évidence l’interdépendance des organes de gouvernance avec la structure familiale et la prédominance de la coopération et des valeurs familiales dans le succès de processus de transmission. Ils mettent également en avant le poids de la préservation du pouvoir familial dans la gouvernance de l’entreprise transmise ainsi que la nécessité de pérenniser les organes de contrôleThis thesis focuses on governance and the process transfer of family business in a Moroccan context. Family businesses is recognized as the strong link of the global economic system and more in Morocco. The academic interest in this subject is, however recent. French literature on this theme (family business) is small; it has developed in the last twenty years. The transmission period of family businesses is a critical period in the life cycle of companies. The question of our thesis focuses on this phase of intergenerational transmission. We question the mechanisms put in place by the owner-manager to anticipate family conflicts on the one hand and incentive mechanisms that are developed to motivate ascending generations to join the family business in the other hand. After exploring the concept of family business we were immersed in 5 family businesses in a context of research-action. It is natural that our epistemological position is interpretativist and our methodological approach is abductive and based on case studies. They formed the core "hard" of our research. The "soft core" is inspired by the case of the family business in which we operate. The results of our work highlights the interdependence of governance bodies with the family structure and the dominance of cooperation and family values in the success of the transmission process. They also highlight the weight of the preservation of family power in the governance of the transferred business and the need to sustain the supervisory bodies
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Wang, Yifan. "L'évolution de l'intention et le développement de l'esprit d'entreprendre des élèves ingénieurs d'une école française : une étude longitudinale." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00586082.
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L'engagement dans la création d'entreprise est un évènement rare et tardif chez les ingénieurs français. Pour changer cette situation et former davantage des ingénieurs-entrepreneurs, nous étudions l'impact de la formation dans une grande école d'ingénieurs en France. La problématique s'inscrit dans le cadre théorique du comportement planifié complété par la théorie de la carrière entrepreneuriale et la notion d'esprit d'entreprendre. Nous avons suivi une approche longitudinale afin d'étudier l'évolution des intentions et de la construction des identités professionnelles ainsi que les comportements observables associés au cours de leur formation. La thèse s'appuie sur un questionnaire posé chaque année au cours du curriculum et des entretiens semi-directifs en fin de cursus auprès des élèves ingénieurs. Elle aboutit à l'identification de plusieurs identités professionnelles d'ingénieurs (ingénieur technique, manager, entrepreneur) et la caractérisation de la trajectoire de l'intention qui mène au choix de carrière entrepreneuriale. L'impact des facteurs socioculturels, scolaires et extrascolaires sur la trajectoire de l'intention a été modélisé. Il permet d'expliquer la construction de chaque identité professionnelle
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Gautier, Arthur. "Associations et entrepreneuriat institutionnel : une approche néo-institutionnaliste de la culture : le cas des lieux de musiques actuelles." Phd thesis, Conservatoire national des arts et metiers - CNAM, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00944711.
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Cette thèse documente l'émergence et la structuration du champ des musiques actuelles en France depuis les années 1970, à travers une étude de cas de huit associations qui exploitent aujourd'hui un lieu dédié à la pratique de ces musiques. En mobilisant la théorie néo-institutionnaliste et le concept d'entrepreneur institutionnel, nous montrons la manière dont les fondateurs et dirigeants de ces associations ont activement participé à la constitution de ce nouveau champ organisationnel. Nous proposons une modélisation en trois étapes de ce processus, ainsi qu'un éclairage sur les conditions ayant favorisé l'action des entrepreneurs. La thèse souligne l'influence mutuelle entre acteurs associatifs et pouvoirs publics et apporte un regard original sur la dimension institutionnelle des associations loi 1901.