Relevant bibliographies by topics / ENSO

Academic literature on the topic 'ENSO'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 6 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "ENSO"

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Chou, Chia, Jien-Yi Tu, and Jia-Yuh Yu. "Interannual Variability of the Western North Pacific Summer Monsoon: Differences between ENSO and Non-ENSO Years." Journal of Climate 16, no. 13 (July 1, 2003): 2275–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2761.1.

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Abstract The interannual variability of the western North Pacific (WNP) summer monsoon is examined for the non-ENSO, ENSO developing, and ENSO decaying years, respectively. The ENSO developing (decaying) year is defined as the year before (after) the mature phase of ENSO, and the non-ENSO year is defined as the year that is neither the ENSO developing year nor the ENSO decaying year. A strong (weak) WNP summer monsoon tends to occur during the El Niño (La Niña) developing year and a weak (strong) WNP summer monsoon tends to occur during the El Niño (La Niña) decaying year. In all non-ENSO, ENSO developing, and ENSO decaying years, the strong (weak) WNP summer monsoon is associated with the positive (negative) rainfall anomalies, cold (warm) sea surface temperature anomalies, warm (cold) upper-tropospheric temperature anomalies, low (high) surface pressure anomalies, and a low-level cyclonic (anticyclonic) circulation anomaly over the subtropical WNP. The 850-hPa wave train associated with the WNP and east Asian (EA) summer monsoons in the non-ENSO, ENSO developing, and ENSO decaying years extends northward and suggests a possible teleconnection between the WNP summer monsoon and the North American climate. The wave train extended into the Southern Hemisphere in the non-ENSO and ENSO developing years implies a teleconnection between the WNP summer monsoon and the Australian winter climate. The anomalous WNP monsoon in the non-ENSO and ENSO developing years exists only in summer, while the anomalous WNP monsoon in the ENSO decaying year persists from the beginning of the year to the summer season. The anomalous WNP summer monsoon exhibits a strong ocean–atmosphere interaction, especially in the ENSO decaying year. This study suggests that the anomalous WNP summer monsoon in the non-ENSO year is associated with the variation of the meridional temperature gradient in the upper troposphere, while the anomalous WNP summer monsoon in the ENSO developing and decaying years is associated with ENSO-related SST anomalies.
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Vimont, Daniel J. "The Contribution of the Interannual ENSO Cycle to the Spatial Pattern of Decadal ENSO-Like Variability*." Journal of Climate 18, no. 12 (June 15, 2005): 2080–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli3365.1.

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Abstract A defining feature of Pacific decadal ENSO-like variability is the similarity between its spatial expression in sea surface temperature (SST) and the spatial structure of interannual ENSO variability. This similarity may indicate that the decadal variability is merely a long-term average over interannual ENSO variability. In contrast, subtle differences (namely the meridionally broadened tropical SST signature and emphasized midlatitude SST anomalies for the decadal ENSO-like pattern) may indicate that fundamentally different processes are responsible for generating variability on the decadal to interdecadal time scale. The present study attempts to reconcile the subtly different spatial structures of interannual ENSO and decadal ENSO-like variability by relating the decadal pattern to various SST patterns associated with the development of the interannual ENSO cycle. First, a statistical analysis is used to reconstruct the decadal ENSO-like SST pattern as a linear combination of interannual SST patterns. It is shown that the decadal ENSO-like pattern is well reconstructed in the absence of decadal spatial information. Next, these interannual patterns are physically interpreted in relation to the interannual ENSO cycle. The analysis reveals that the decadal ENSO-like SST pattern is obtained by averaging over three SST patterns associated with ENSO precursors, the peak of an ENSO event, and ENSO “leftovers.” The study provides a plausible physical explanation for the spatial structure of ENSO-like decadal variability as an average over variations in the interannual ENSO cycle. The results indicate that the prominent spatial features of decadal ENSO-like variability are generated by physical mechanisms that operate through the interannual ENSO cycle. This does not imply, however, that decadal processes are unimportant in altering the decadal properties of ENSO. Results may provide a framework for interpreting modeled decadal ENSO-like variability and for constraining plausible mechanisms of tropical decadal variability.
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CHATTOPADHYAY, J., and R. BHATLA. "A re-examination of ENSO/ anti-ENSO events and simultaneous performance of the Indian summer monsoon." MAUSAM 47, no. 1 (December 14, 2021): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v47i1.3686.

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The relationship between ENSO/anti-ENSO events in the Pacific basin and simultaneous all India monsoon has been re-examined for the period 1901-1990 using Southern Oscillation Index (SOI). The result shows that there is fairly strong association between ENSO events and dry monsoon years. There exists a weak teleconnection between anti-ENSO events and wet monsoon indicating that anti-ENSO events have only a moderate impact on the Indian monsoon rainfall. Developing ENSO (anti-ENSO) episodes during the monsoon season indicates non-occurrence of simultaneous floods (droughts) with a very high degree of confidence 70 (50) percent of the droughts (floods) during the above period have occurred during ENSO (anti-ENSO) events indicating that extreme monsoon activities in the form of droughts (floods) might be important factors for the occurrence of simultaneous ENSO/anti-ENSO events.
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Tozuka, Tomoki, and Toshio Yamagata. "Annual ENSO." Journal of Physical Oceanography 33, no. 8 (August 1, 2003): 1564–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2414.1.

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Abstract Using various observational data, the seasonal cycle of the tropical Pacific is investigated, suggesting the existence of an “annual El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO).” A positive sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) appearing off Peru in boreal winter triggers a series of air–sea interactions that consist of westward propagations of positive SSTA, westerly wind anomalies, and negative outgoing longwave radiation anomalies. At the same time, the westerly wind anomaly generates cold temperature anomalies in the off-equatorial region, and they propagate westward as a “cold” Rossby wave, reaching the western tropical Pacific in boreal summer to autumn. A semiresonant condition between the westward propagating component of winds and the first-meridional-mode Rossby wave plays an important role in the amplification. The evolution of cold phase in the latter half of the year is almost a mirror image of the warm phase. From a new viewpoint of the annual ENSO, the ENSO is interpreted as the interaction between two distinct modes of air–sea interaction: the annual ENSO mode and an “interannual ENSO” mode. The eastward-propagating interannual ENSO mode is an air–sea coupled mode, which is triggered by the westerly wind stress anomaly in the western equatorial Pacific and leads to the deepening of the thermocline and the warming of SST in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific. This results in a modulation of the annual ENSO mode with a weaker cold season and stronger warm season owing to less effective upwelling of the cold subsurface water. The decadal variation of ENSO is explained by changes in the relative phase and amplitude of these two modes. The increase in the amplitude of the interannual ENSO mode after the late 1970s favors the appearance of the eastward propagation of ENSO signals.
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Neelin, J. David, David S. Battisti, Anthony C. Hirst, Fei-Fei Jin, Yoshinobu Wakata, Toshio Yamagata, and Stephen E. Zebiak. "ENSO theory." Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 103, no. C7 (June 29, 1998): 14261–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/97jc03424.

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Wang, Bin, Jian Liu, Jing Yang, Tianjun Zhou, and Zhiwei Wu. "Distinct Principal Modes of Early and Late Summer Rainfall Anomalies in East Asia*." Journal of Climate 22, no. 13 (July 1, 2009): 3864–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2009jcli2850.1.

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Abstract The current seasonal prediction of East Asia (EA) summer monsoon deals with June–July–August (JJA) mean anomalies. This study shows that the EA summer monsoon may be divided into early summer [May–June (MJ)] and late summer [July–August (JA)] and exhibits remarkable differences in mean state between MJ and JA. This study reveals that the principal modes of interannual precipitation variability have distinct spatial and temporal structures during the early and late summer. These principal modes can be categorized as either El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) related or non-ENSO related. During the period of 1979–2007, ENSO-related modes explain 35% of MJ variance and 45% of JA variance, and non-ENSO-related modes account for 25% of MJ variance and 20% of JA variance. For ENSO-related variance, about two-thirds are associated with ENSO decaying phases, and one-third is associated with ENSO developing phases. The ENSO-related MJ modes generally concur with rapid decay or early development of ENSO episodes, and the opposite tends to apply to ENSO-related JA modes. The non-ENSO MJ mode is preceded by anomalous land surface temperatures over southern China during the previous March and April. The non-ENSO JA mode is preceded by lasting equatorial western Pacific (the Niño-4 region) warming from the previous winter through late summer. The results suggest that 1) prediction of bimonthly (MJ) and (JA) anomalies may be useful, 2) accurate prediction of the detailed evolution of ENSO is critical for prediction of ENSO-related bimonthly rainfall anomalies over East Asia, and 3) non-ENSO-related modes are of paramount importance during ENSO neutral years. Further establishment of the physical linkages between the non-ENSO modes and their corresponding precursors may provide additional sources for EA summer monsoon prediction.
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Jiang, Wenping, Ping Huang, Gang Huang, and Jun Ying. "Origins of the Excessive Westward Extension of ENSO SST Simulated in CMIP5 and CMIP6 Models." Journal of Climate 34, no. 8 (April 2021): 2839–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-20-0551.1.

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AbstractAn excessive westward extension of the simulated ENSO-related sea surface temperature (ENSO SST) variability in the CMIP5 and CMIP6 models is the most apparent ENSO SST pattern bias and dominates the intermodel spread in ENSO SST variability among the models. The ENSO SST bias lowers the models’ skill in ENSO-related simulations and induces large intermodel uncertainty in ENSO-related projections. The present study investigates the origins of the excessive westward extension of ENSO SST in 25 CMIP5 and 25 CMIP6 models. Based on the intermodel spread of ENSO SST variability simulated in the 50 models, we reveal that this ENSO SST bias among the models largely depends on the simulated cold tongue strength in the equatorial western Pacific (EWP). Models simulating a stronger cold tongue tend to simulate a larger mean zonal SST gradient in the EWP and then a larger zonal advection feedback in the EWP, favoring a more westward extension of the ENSO SST pattern. In addition, with the overall improvement in the EWP cold tongue from CMIP5 to CMIP6, the excessive westward extension bias of ENSO SST in CMIP6 models is also reduced relative to those in CMIP5 models. The results suggest that the bias and intermodel disagreement in the mean-state SST have been improved, which improves ENSO simulation.
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McGregor, Glenn, and Kristie Ebi. "El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Health: An Overview for Climate and Health Researchers." Atmosphere 9, no. 7 (July 19, 2018): 282. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos9070282.

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The El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is an important mode of climatic variability that exerts a discernible impact on ecosystems and society through alterations in climate patterns. For this reason, ENSO has attracted much interest in the climate and health science community, with many analysts investigating ENSO health links through considering the degree of dependency of the incidence of a range of climate diseases on the occurrence of El Niño events. Because of the mounting interest in the relationship between ENSO as a major mode of climatic variability and health, this paper presents an overview of the basic characteristics of the ENSO phenomenon and its climate impacts, discusses the use of ENSO indices in climate and health research, and outlines the present understanding of ENSO health associations. Also touched upon are ENSO-based seasonal health forecasting and the possible impacts of climate change on ENSO and the implications this holds for future assessments of ENSO health associations. The review concludes that there is still some way to go before a thorough understanding of the association between ENSO and health is achieved, with a need to move beyond analyses undertaken through a purely statistical lens, with due acknowledgement that ENSO is a complex non-canonical phenomenon, and that simple ENSO health associations should not be expected.
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DE, U. S., and R. K. MUKHOPADHYAY. "The effect of ENSO / Anti ENSO on northeast monsoon rainfall." MAUSAM 50, no. 4 (December 17, 2021): 343–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v50i4.1947.

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Northeast monsoon precipitation data of 5 meteorological sub-divisions in India, spanning the period 1901-97, were analysed to identify the effect of ENSO/Anti ENSO events on the rainfall over southern peninsular India. ENSO/Anti ENSO years were selected on the basis of seasonal Southern Oscillation Index (SOI). The analysis revealed that ENSO years were generally associated with enhanced northeast monsoon precipitation while there was reduced precipitation during Anti ENSO years, the reduction in Anti ENSO years being significant for Tamil Nadu (at 0.1% level), for Kerala (at 1% level) and for South Peninsular India (at 1% level). Of 22 ENSO years, 18 years were found to be either flood or wet years, while 11 years out of 15 Anti ENSO years were found to be either drought or dry years. During ENSO years, the Sea Surface Temperature (SST) anomalies both over the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal were positive during the months October to December, while the reverse was the case during Anti ENSO years. A concurrent significant positive correlation was noted between SST over east central Arabian Sea and the north central Bay regions and northeast monsoon rainfall. The cyclonic systems were observed to form relatively at lower latitudes during ENSO years as compared to those during Anti ENSO years. These systems were also found to move in a more westerly direction, hit Tamil Nadu and south Andhra coast, thus giving more rain over peninsula during ENSO years. The ridge line at 200 hPa level during ENSO years was located 3° south as compared to its location during Anti ENSO years.
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Zheng, Yiyu, Maria Rugenstein, Patrick Pieper, Goratz Beobide-Arsuaga, and Johanna Baehr. "El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) predictability in equilibrated warmer climates." Earth System Dynamics 13, no. 4 (November 17, 2022): 1611–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esd-13-1611-2022.

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Abstract. Responses of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) to global warming remain uncertain, which challenges ENSO forecasts in a warming climate. We investigate changes in ENSO characteristics and predictability in idealized simulations with quadrupled CO2 forcing from seven general circulation models. Comparing the warmer climate to control simulations, ENSO variability weakens, with the neutral state lasting longer, while active ENSO states last shorter and skew to favor the La Niña state. The 6-month persistence-assessed ENSO predictability slightly reduces in five models and increases in two models under the warming condition. While the overall changes in ENSO predictability are insignificant, we find significant relationships between changes in predictability and intensity, duration, and skewness of the three individual ENSO states. The maximal contribution to changes in the predictability of El Niño, La Niña and neutral states stems from changes in skewness and events' duration. Our findings show that a robust and significant decrease in ENSO characteristics does not imply a similar change in ENSO predictability in a warmer climate. This could be due to model deficiencies in ENSO dynamics and limitations in the persistence model when predicting ENSO.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "ENSO"

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Spencer, Hilary. "The predictability of ENSO teleconnections." Thesis, University of Reading, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.646014.

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There is much evidence that El Nino and La Nina (collectively called ENSO) lead to signifIcant atmospheric seasonal predictability across much of the globe. However, despite successful predictions of tropical Pacific SSTs, atmospheric seasonal forecasts have had limited success. Two possible reasons for this lack of skill are considered. Firstly, some errors in an atmosphere only model, HadAM3, are investigated and secondly, the impacts on predictability of the remote SST anomalies teleconnected with EN SO (SST teleconnections) are studied.
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Moreno, Paula Alexandra Tapiero. "Equity research - Stora Enso OYJ." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/20886.

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Mestrado em Finanças
Nesta dissertação de mestrado foram examinados os elementos de avaliação da empresa STORA ENSO OYJ, incluídos e enfatizados na recomendação de investimento final. O presente projeto adota o formato de "Equity research" orientado pelo instituto CFA seguindo a sua estrutura e os padrões de projeto de trabalho final de Master do ISEG. Ele contém 8 capítulos, incluindo instantâneo de pesquisa, descrição e gerenciamento de negócios, governança corporativa e análise do setor. Assim, analisa a situação financeira e de gestão dos últimos três anos (2017 - 2019) e projeta as operações para mais seis anos (2020 - 2025) para fornecer a visão geral financeira, resumo de investimento, avaliação e riscos de investimento. O preço-alvo foi alcançado através do método de valorização do Fluxo de Caixa Descontado com base no Custo Médio Ponderado de Capital e também no Custo do Capital. Adicionalmente, é realizada a avaliação de Múltiplos e o Modelo de Dividendos com Desconto. A recomendação final da STORA ENSO OYJ endossa a "HOLD, com um preço-alvo de €14,02 por ação até o final do ano de 2021, representando um potencial elevado de 11,2%, em comparação com o preço de fechamento de €12,60 por ação em 30 de outubro, 2020 com risco médio. É importante destacar que o presente relato é realizado durante uma conjuntura econômica imprevisível por se tratar do COVID-19, seus efeitos o incluem e enfatizam na pesquisa.
In this Master Thesis was exanimated valuation elements of the company STORA ENSO OYJ, included and emphasized in the final investment recommendation. The present report adopts the equity research format guided by the CFA institute following its structure and ISEG?s Master final work project standards. It contains 8 chapters including Research Snapshot, Business Description and Management, Corporate Governance, and Industry Analysis. Accordingly, it analyzes the financial and management situation of the past three years (2017 to 2019) and forecasts the operations for six more years (2020 to 2025) to provide the financial overview, investment summary, valuation, and investment risks. The price target was reached through the Discounted Cash Flow valuation method based on the Weighted Average Cost of Capital and also the Cost of Equity. Additionally, it is performed Multiples valuation and the Discount Dividend Model. The final recommendation for STORA ENSO OYJ endorses to HOLD, with a price target of €14.02 per share by the 2021-year end, representing an upside potential of 11.2%, in comparison with the closing price of €12.60 per share on October 30th, 2020 with medium risk. It is important to highlight that the present report is performed during an unpredictable economic situation as it is the COVID- 19, its effects include it and emphasized in the research.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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Merkel, Ute. "ENSO teleconnections in high resolution AGCM experiments." Hamburg : Max-Planck-Inst. für Meteorologie, 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=969789653.

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Blom, Ida, and Jennifer Eriksson. "Stora Enso : Vägen till ett lyckat hållbarhetsarbete." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Business Studies, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-120140.

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Jin, Daeho. "The impact of ENSO on the extratropics." Fairfax, VA : George Mason University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1920/3158.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--George Mason University, 2008.
Vita: p. 160. Thesis director: Ben P. Kirtman. Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Climate Dynamics. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed July 18, 2008). Includes bibliographical references (p. 152-159). Also issued in print.
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Lloyd, James. "The role of atmospheric feedbacks during ENSO." Thesis, University of Reading, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.553132.

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Present-day general circulation models (GeMs) exhibit a large diversity in the strength, time scale and spatial pattern of the simulated El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Many recent studies attribute these ENSO biases to the atmosphere component of GeMs, motivating a better understanding of the role of the atmosphere during ENSO. Theory separates the ENSO atmospheric processes into two linear feedbacks: 1) the Bjerknes positive feedback (u), and 2) the thermodynamical damping (a), respectively measuring the remote zonal wind stress and local heat flux response to eastern equatorial Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies. This thesis presents an in-depth analysis of u and a in 12 state-of-the-art GeMs, using coupled and atmosphere-only simulations. In the coupled simulations, both u and a are underestimated with respect to the re- analysis values, and a relationship is found between a and the modelled ENSO amplitude. Splitting up a into its four components reveals that the latent heat and shortwave flux feedbacks, aLH and asw, dominate the net feedback. All models successfully simulate a thermodynamical LH flux damping mechanism (driven by specific humidity processes), but exhibit large errors in asw, the main source of the overall a underestimation. In most models, biases in aSW are characterised by an erroneous positive feedback in the eastern equatorial Pacific region. A 'feedback decomposition method', developed to elucidate the aSw biases, shows that cloud-related errors over the eastern equatorial Pacific account for the asw biases in the atmosphere-only simulations, but that an underestimated dynamical response to SST anomalies is also important in the coupled simulations. A large nonlinearity is found in the observed and modelled SW flux feedback, showing that the linear heat flux parameterisation used in simple ENSO models is masking important processes. The process-based methodology presented in this thesis will help to correct model ENSO atmospheric biases, ultimately leading to an improved simulation of ENSO in GeMs.
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Edwards, Mickie Rae. "Peruvian Pinnipeds as Archivists of ENSO Effects." Thesis, NSUWorks, 2018. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/495.

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Environmental fluctuations in the eastern Pacific Ocean are reflected in the tissues of some of its most vulnerable apex predators, the Peruvian fur seal (PFS) Arctocephalus australis ssp.and the South American sea lion (SASL) Otaria byronia.These large pinnipeds live in sympatry along the Pacific coastline of South America and forage within the neritic waters over the continental shelf. The coastal waters off Peru are a region of great environmental fluctuations due to periodic, oscillating El Niño- La Niña- Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events, which result in ecosystem-wide food web changes. Pinniped vibrissae (whiskers) are continuously growing keratinous tissues and reflect the incorporation of prey from the region. Fine resolution sampling along their length provided trophic information on a weekly to monthly time scale over several years. Vibrissae were obtained from 2010-2016 from female (n=47), male (n=17) and newborn pup (n=6) fur seals and male (n=6) sea lions collected during pinniped rookery health assessments. Stable isotope ratios (δ13C and δ15N) in vibrissae infer temporal primary production and dietary variations in individuals. ENSO conditions were dictated by the sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) recordings from the Niño 1+2 Index region over 12 years. Fluctuations in vibrissae δ15N were correlated to varying SSTA readings (p15N (p15N signatures (p13C revealed minor fluctuations ranging from -18.13 to -13.17‰over the 12-year period, δ13C did reveal a significant depletion and enrichment oscillation during specific points in time, such as the 2014-2016 El Niño event, which ranged from -15.09 to -13.83‰(p=0.040). Stable isotope signatures varied between genders, but not by species. Female fur seal stable isotope signatures were significantly more depleted in both δ13C and δ15N than males (p13C and δ15N were inversely correlated to each other from 2014 to 2016; this was during the strongest El Nino-Southern Oscillation event on record (p=0.002). As δ13Csignatures became more enriched, δ15N signatures depleted from 2014 until 2016. This suggests that when ENSO warm phase conditions occur, the environments resources change in historic foraging grounds, possibly forcing pinnipeds to travel farther distances offshoreto forage or altering what they feed on throughout these stressful conditions.This study serves to help understand of the impact of oceanographic influences on these pinnipeds.ENSO conditions influence the trophic dynamics and resultant survival adaptations in both of these vulnerable Peruvian marine mammals.
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Borgö, Åsa, and Kari Vestergaard. "Projektanalys vid Stora Enso Packaging Concept i Torsvik." Thesis, Jönköping University, JTH, Industrial Engineering and Management, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-9304.

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In a global economy it is important to understand what project management is and how it functions in a contemporary company. This report includes an empirical case study of a project flow, which was conducted in the department Packaging Concept (PC) which is a part of Stora Enso. As all of PC´s customer enquiries are unique and must be considered an individual project, PC continuously works in projects. An analysis of the project flow was conducted based on interviews at and visits to PC as well as relevant documents distributed by the department. The report gives an understanding and analysis of how PC works in projects. A description of the project flow is given and the project roles are defined. Furthermore, PC´s way of following up projects as well as managing risks are presented and analysed. The analyses in this report are based on a chapter that includes relevant project- and process management theory. PC´s project flow is long and includes many steps that must be conducted in order to deliver a good result to the customer. This project flow can be divided into the initial phase, the preliminary study phase, the planning phase, the implementation phase and the completing phase. In order to support the employees, PC has templates and instruction manuals that give clear guidelines and directives on how to manage a project. The management and the employees at PC see the project flow as a process giving an overall picture of the project flow. There are many players involved in the course of a project. Internally in PC, the project roles are divided between the management, the salesmen, the project engineers and the service engineers. Management orders the project while the project engineer is the project manager. A team of suppliers, a salesman and service engineers constitute the project group. Special focus has been placed on how PC manages project evaluation and risk management. Analyses of these two elements were done, and the findings in this report are that PC has inadequate guidelines for managing project evaluation and for managing risk. PC has managed to make the project flow clear and easy to work with. Everybody in the department understands the general picture of the project flow and the role that they and their colleagues play. In our opinion this is due to the clear guidelines and directives communicated through templates and instruction manuals. These are, however, not currently sufficient. Better documented guidelines for managing project evaluation and risk management should be completed by the management.

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Gilliland, Alice Brien. "The potential influences of ENSO on interhemispheric transport." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/26279.

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Schwartz, Tommy. "Energikartläggning av pelletsproduktion : vid Stora Enso på Gruvön." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-33474.

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Idag är fossila bränslen fortfarande de främsta energikällorna runt om i världen. Enligt många experter kommer snart inte produktionen kunna tillfredsställa efterfrågan av olja. Därför bör övergången till alternativa bränslen ske så fort som möjligt. Det biobränsle som tillverkas mest i Sverige är pellets där Stora Enso på Gruvön är en tillverkare. Det är dock energikrävande att tillverka eldningsbar pellets från fuktigt spån och Stora Enso vill därför spara energi vid tillverkningen. Målet är att analysera och kartlägga energianvändningen i varje delprocess i pelletstillverkningen. Genom en energikartläggning kan möjliga energieffektiviseringar hittas. Nyckeltal tas fram för varje energislag och delprocess för att kunna kvantifieras energianvändningen och besparingsmöjligheterna. Resultaten visar att den totala energianvändningen uppgår till 1,29 MWh/ton pellets, mätt i torrsubstans. Torkningen är den delprocess som använder mest energi, men också den process som potentiellt går att spara mest energi med värmeåtervinning. Den totala potentiella värmeåtervinningen av utflödesluft för hela processen är 1,17 MWh/ton pellets. Resultaten visar pelletstillverkningens energianvändning och vart fokus ska läggas vid eventuella energibesparande åtgärder och effektiviseringar.
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Books on the topic "ENSO"

1

Suzuki, Kōji. Enso-kun kisha ni noru. Tōkyō: Fukuinkan Shoten, 1986.

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Suzuki, Kōji. Enso-kun kisha ni noru. Tōkyō: Fukuinkan Shoten, 1990.

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United States. National Weather Service. El Niño, La Niña, and ENSO. Silver Spring, Md.]: National Weather Service, 2006.

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United States. National Weather Service. El Niño, La Niña, and ENSO. Silver Spring, Md.]: National Weather Service, 2007.

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Mononen, Paula. Enso-Gutzeit Oy:n pankakosken kartonkitehtaan erityishaittavaikutukset Lieksanjoessa. Helsinki: Vesi- ja ympäristöhallitus, Pohjois-Karjalan vesi- ja ympäristöpiiri, 1989.

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Bells, Youlsau. 2002/03 el Niño/ENSO national action plan. [Koror, Republic of Palau: Mitigation Committee, 2001.

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Rytteri, Teijo. Metsäteollisuusyrityksen luonto: Tutkimus Enso-Gutzeitin ympäristö- ja yhteiskuntavastuun muotoutumisesta. Joensuu: Joensuun yliopisto, Maantieteen laitos, 2002.

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Kuman, Tony. Report on ENSO workshop, Nadi, Fiji, 19th-24th October 1999. Papua New Guinea: Office of Environment & Conservation, Environment Division, 1999.

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Hayashi, Michiya. A modeling study on coupling between westerly wind events and ENSO. Tokyo]: Division of Climate System Research, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, 2018.

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Jong, Bor-Ting. Seasonality and Regionality of ENSO Teleconnections and Impacts on North America. [New York, N.Y.?]: [publisher not identified], 2019.

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Book chapters on the topic "ENSO"

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Chen, Jean Jinghan. "Stora Enso." In International Cases of Corporate Governance, 83–96. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3238-0_6.

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Sarachik, E. S. "Predictability of ENSO." In Climate-Ocean Interaction, 161–71. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2093-4_8.

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Kogan, Felix. "ENSO Impact on Vegetation." In Use of Satellite and In-Situ Data to Improve Sustainability, 165–71. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9618-0_19.

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Latif, Mojib. "ENSO Modelling at MPI." In Climate-Ocean Interaction, 173–91. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2093-4_9.

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Warwade, Pratibha. "Enso Association With Rainfall." In Wastewater Reuse and Watershed Management, 173–90. Includes bibliographical references and index.: Apple Academic Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429433986-17.

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Grove, Richard, and George Adamson. "The Discovery of ENSO." In El Niño in World History, 107–37. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-45740-0_6.

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Diaz, Henry F. "El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO)." In Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series, 748–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93806-6_131.

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Diaz, Henry F. "El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO)." In Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series, 1–6. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48657-4_131-2.

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Chowdhury, Md Rashed. "ENSO Impacts, Applications, and Conclusions." In Disaster Risk Reduction, 183–201. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-17825-2_10.

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Stronge, William B., Henry F. Diaz, Henry Bokuniewicz, Douglas L. Inman, Scott A. Jenkins, John R. C. Hsu, Michael J. Kennish, et al. "El NiñNo-Southern Oscillation (ENSO)." In Encyclopedia of Coastal Science, 403–7. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3880-1_131.

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Conference papers on the topic "ENSO"

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Zhao, Jiakun, Hailun Luo, Weiguang Sang, and Kun Sun. "Improving Long-lead ENSO Prediction with Joint ENSO Transformer." In 2022 International Conference on Computer Engineering and Artificial Intelligence (ICCEAI). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icceai55464.2022.00147.

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Xue, Yan, Yan Xue, Yan Xue, Yan Xue, Yan Xue, Yan Xue, Yan Xue, Yan Xue, Yan Xue, and Yan Xue. "Ocean State Estimation for Global Ocean Monitoring: ENSO and Beyond ENSO." In OceanObs'09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society. European Space Agency, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5270/oceanobs09.cwp.95.

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Chapanov, Y. "Solar Harmonics and ENSO Variations." In 11th Congress of the Balkan Geophysical Society. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202149bgs42.

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Halide, Halmar. "Seasonal ENSO forecasting: Where does a simple model stand amongst other operational ENSO models?" In THE 6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THEORETICAL AND APPLIED PHYSICS (THE 6th ICTAP). Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4973111.

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Cayan, D. R., and P. Bromirski. "ENSO and winter storms in California." In Oceans 2003. Celebrating the Past ... Teaming Toward the Future (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37492). IEEE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/oceans.2003.178460.

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She, Nian, Jan-Tai Kuo, and Ming-Han Hsieh. "ENSO Impacts on Taiwan's Water Supply." In World Water and Environmental Resources Congress 2005. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40792(173)473.

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Chapanov, Yavor, Vasile Mioc, Cristiana Dumitrache, and Nedelia A. Popescu. "Earth rotation response to ENSO events." In EXPLORING THE SOLAR SYSTEM AND THE UNIVERSE. AIP, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2993647.

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Velichkova, T., and N. Kilifarska. "Relations between lower stratospheric O3 and ENSO." In 10th Congress of the Balkan Geophysical Society. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201902644.

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Chen, Dake. "Applying satellite remote sensing to ENSO prediction." In Europto Remote Sensing, edited by Charles R. Bostater, Jr. and Rosalia Santoleri. SPIE, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.411706.

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Knocke, Ethan, Eric LaRocque, Vinod Lohani, and G. V. Loganathan. "Analysis of ENSO Impacts in Southwest Virginia." In World Water and Environmental Resources Congress 2005. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40792(173)454.

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Reports on the topic "ENSO"

1

McClean, Julie L., and Bruce Cornuelle. Towards the Use of HYCOM in Coupled ENSO Prediction: Assessment of ENSO Skill in Forced Global HYCOM. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada618049.

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Yeates, Elissa, Kayla Cotterman, and Angela Rhodes. Hydrologic impacts on human health : El Niño Southern Oscillation and cholera. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), January 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/39483.

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A non-stationary climate imposes considerable challenges regarding potential public health concerns. The El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cycle, which occurs every 2 to 7 years, correlates positively with occurrences of the waterborne disease cholera. The warm sea surface temperatures and extreme weather associated with ENSO create optimal conditions for breeding the Vibrio cholerae pathogen and for human exposure to the pathogenic waters. This work explored the impacts of ENSO on cholera occurrence rates over the past 50 years by examining annual rates of suspected cholera cases per country in relation to ENSO Index values. This study provides a relationship indicating when hydrologic conditions are optimal for cholera growth, and presents a statistical approach to answer three questions: Are cholera outbreaks more likely to occur in an El Niño year? What other factors impact cholera outbreaks? How will the future climate impact cholera incidence rates as it relates to conditions found in ENSO? Cholera outbreaks from the 1960s to the present are examined focusing on regions of Central and South America, and southern Asia. By examining the predictive relationship between climate variability and cholera, we can draw conclusions about future vulnerability to cholera and other waterborne pathogenic diseases.
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Romero-Chamorro, José Vicente, and Sara Naranjo-Saldarriaga. Weather Shocks and Inflation Expectations in Semi-Structural Models. Banco de la República Colombia, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/be.1218.

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Colombia is particularly affected by the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) weather fluctuations. In this context, this study explores how the adverse weather events linked to ENSO affect the inflation expectations in Colombia and how to incorporate these second-round effects into a small open economy New Keynesian model. Using BVARx models we provide evidence that the inflation expectations obtained from surveys and break-even inflation measures are affected by weather supply shocks. Later, using this stylised fact, we modify one of the core forecasting models of the Banco de la República by incorporating the mechanisms in which weather-related shocks affect marginal costs and inflation expectations. We find that ENSO shocks had an important role in both inflation and the dynamics of inflation expectations, and that policymakers should consider this fact.
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Velichkova, Tsvetelina, and Natalya Kilifarska. Inter-decadal Variations of the ENSO Climatic Mode and Lower Stratospheric Ozone. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, April 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2020.04.13.

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5

Jin, Fei-Fei, Andrew Wittenberg, and Shaocheng Xie. Understanding Dynamics and Thermodynamics of ENSO and Its Complexity Simulated by E3SM and Other Climate Models. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1987593.

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Schneider, Niklas. DOE DE-FG02-07ER64469: Understanding Annual-Cycle-ENSO interactions in climate change simulations Niklas Schneider, Axel Timmermann, University of Hawaii. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1120769.

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Rosenberg, N. J., R. C. Izaurralde, R. A. Brown, R. D. Sands, D. Legler, R. Srinivasan, and M. Tiscareno-Lopez. Sensitivity of North American agriculture to ENSO-based climate scenarios and their socio-economic consequences: Modeling in an integrated assessment framework. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/671953.

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Nascimento, José Rente. Sustainable Forestry Business Initiatives at IDB. Inter-American Development Bank, September 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006883.

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This presentation discusses some of IDB's initiatives and instruments available to support the development of sustainable forest businesses in LAC. These include initiatives for improving business climate for sustainable forest investments, such as the Forest Investment Attractiveness Index (IAIF) and the Process to Improve the Business Climate for Forest Investment (PROMECIF). They also include those for improving governments' supporting role, such as regulations, policies, institutions, public services; investments or technical assistance; supporting private investments (PRI, MIF, IIC), and the development and implementation of tools for sustainable forest businesses. This presentation was created for the Stora Enso Visit to IDB: Potential Latin American Pulp Mill Projects, held in Washington D.C., on September 14th, 2006.
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Moore, M. D. Proxy Records of the Indonesian Low and the El Ni{tilde n}o-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) from Stable Isotope Measurements of Indonesian Reef Corals. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/481955.

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Raikow, David, Jacob Gross, Amanda McCutcheon, and Anne Farahi. Trends in water quality and assessment of vegetation community structure in association with declining mangroves: A condition assessment of American Memorial Park. National Park Service, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2301598.

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American Memorial Park (AMME) in Saipan contains a rare mangrove wetland that is known to support several endangered species. Through monitoring water quality and vegetation characteristics of the wetland for >10 years we documented a declining mangrove population, an increase in invasive plant species, and declining surface water salinity. Comprehensive surveys conducted in 2014 and 2019 quantified declines in the plant community observed by park staff. Surface water salinity declined from 2009 to 2018 and no other trend in surface water quality was observed. Over the time period of the present study, AMME experienced shifts in annual rainfall conditions that could be associated with ENSO cycles. Dry conditions beginning in late 2016 and continuing through mid-2018 resulted in some surface water sampling sites completely drying. Several stressors may have contributed to declines in mangroves adapted to saturated soils directly and allowed competing plants to proliferate, including disruption of hydrologic connectivity with marine waters resulting in reduced surface water salinity, reduced rainfall causing dry soil conditions, and physical storm damage to canopies. Recommendations include study of groundwater salinity, maintaining or modifying a culvert subject to filling with sediment or other excavation work to improve saline water flow to the wetland at high tides, the establishment of a new groundwater monitoring well, adding a surface water monitoring station near the culvert, conducting a spatial assessment of the mangrove habitat suitability within the mangrove wetland, and developing or assisting with mangrove interpretive and outreach programs.
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