Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Enseignantes – Dans les représentations sociales'
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Astolfi, Françoise. "La représentation de la féminité chez les enseignantes." Nice, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NICE2025.
Full textSummary of the thesis this is a phenomenalogical study of the representation of the feminine self in a socio-scholastic environment the summary is as follows : book one specificity of a strategy for a pedagogicla communication book two : based on different kinds of situations in the field of the sciences of education book three : phenomenology in pedagogy book four : communication and education based on interviews with teachers book five : analses and conclusions about the training of a female teacher the purpose of this thesis has been to intentionally direct the discussion to the hidden dimension of the act of teaching because it appears that "what has the most important impact is what is not discussed ans above all what the female teacher has not been trained for that which remains unsaid in this occupation, or the entire subjectivity of practising pedagogy"
Hétu, Michael. "Les représentations sociales des savoirs dans l’enseignement du français chez des futurs enseignants du secondaire." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/5431.
Full textBouyssières, Patrice. "La representation sociale du metier, lieu d'expression strategique dans la construction socio-cognitive du projet professionnel. Un exemple : les etudiants et la representation sociale des metiers de l'enseignement." Toulouse 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU20018.
Full textThe first part of the thesis attempts to describe the specific social representation of the teaching profession from a psychosocial viewpoint. It presents the historical, sociological, philosophical, psychoanalytical and pedagogical components of the profession. Il also reviews the work done on the concept of social representation and the building of career plans. The second part is a study of the representation and the of the teaching profession by students in competitive exams for primary and secondary school positions. The responses to questionnaires are analyzed multi-dimensionally and used to describe the representation of teaching in terms of content and structure, interpreted via the psychosociological theories of attribution, retionalization and commitment. The interpretations are next brought together in an oveview, including the cosefd temporal " mean - objectives" behaviour model. The paper then presents and analyzes the data gathered during interviews with a representative sub-sample of the group studied
Peixoto, Joana. "Les formateurs parlent : les représentations des formateurs d'enseignants dans le domaine de l'informatique appliquée à l'éducation." Paris 8, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA082491.
Full textWhy teachers prepared to work with Educational Informatics (EI) do not transfer to their practice what they learned during their formation? Our hypothesis is that there is, among EI formers, a certain representation of the formation model and a conception on the beneficial aspects of digital technologies that would be automatically transferred to the teachers' practice. The concept of social representation (Moscovici) was adopted to identify on the formers discourse how they conceive the formation and bring it to the practice. The investigation was done with the 21 teachers of the discipline "Informatics and Education" from the Catholic University of Goiás, in Brazil, using the techniques of words associations, semi-structured interview and focus group. The meanings of EI are made evident to those teachers through the many metaphors that constitute their imaginary: from the teaching machine to the bottomless well, and also a partner, a mirror, a miracle. .
Lisée, Véronique. "Représentations sociales de l'importance des sciences et technologies et de la culture scientifique et technologique dans l'enseignement et la formation à l'enseignement primaire au Québec chez des futures enseignantes." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2008. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/623.
Full textArtus, Dominique. "La mixité : illusion égalitaire en éducation physique et sportive ? Son étude à travers les représentations sociales des enseignants et des lycéens." Poitiers, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999POIT2285.
Full textZeller, Christelle. "Mobilisation collective des professionnels et représentations sociales de la performance organisationnelle : le cas des enseignants-chercheurs dans les universités françaises." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM1095.
Full textLiterature emphasized how much the professional’s collective mobilization towards the performance of their organization is problematic. In fact, the authors have divided opinions about the compatibility between the professional commitment and the organizational commitment. This thesis seeks to understand the professional’s collective mobilization to their organization performance by asking the social representation of the organizational performance. Our study of quantitative and exploratory nature question the academics of the French University who are facing, since previous years, significant reforms which implemented a management approach based on the performance. Therefore, the managerial logics took a place beside the prevailing professional logics. The results reveal that the academics defined the performance of the university as being the scientific publications and the student’s integration into the workplace. In the face of this representation widely shared about the performance of the university, two opposing groups: the first one, the majority group, is favourable to the concept of the performance, and the second one, in the minority, is unfavourable. From then on, four different profiles of collective mobilization emerge from the results, thus, revealing different identity hybridizations. So, the academics’ professional identity evolves. They identify more to their institution and integrate its needs. However, the emerging results stress, on one hand, that these four mobilization profiles are, more and less, supported by a strong Public Service Motivation. On the other hand, the most mobilized profiles need a high organizational support
Abdollahi, Akbar. "Représentations et médiation culturelle dans la formation des enseignants de français langue étrangère en Iran." Paris, INALCO, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012INAL0006.
Full textThis thesis organizes thinking around the concepts of national representations and cultural mediation as two key concepts in training intercultural competence of teachers of French as a Foreign Language. The concept of national representations mobilized in this research includes both those related to the target language (here French as Foreign Language) than on the country where it is taught (Iran in our case). As we understand, representations of languages, the attitudes and motivations of learners are part of the socio-emotional teaching and learning of languages and also rely on building links between sociology and the teaching of languages and cultures. This thesis analyzes the problems encountered in the implementation and improvement of intercultural competence training teachers of FLE in Iran. The case studies were done on the basis of completed questionnaires before the initial training of teachers, recording these sessions, semi-directive interviews with the teachers after the training and the logbook of researcher. We have shown the interest of intercultural competence based on the implementation of cultural mediation activities to address the idealized representation and geopolitical tensions in the training of language teachers and opening proposals for future research
Ghanem, Hiba. "La scolarisation des enfants en situation de handicap dans les écoles primaires du Liban : quelles représentations pour quelles pratiques chez les enseignants ?" Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE2016/document.
Full textIn a social and school context that seeks to be inclusive, many factors hinder a quality schooling process for children with disabilities in mainstream schools in Lebanon. Social representations and practices with regard to these children are the most remarkable signs. This thesis investigates the representations made by teachers of children with disabilities and their actualpedagogical practices, in order to understand the interactions between both parties as well as the teachers’ impact on the success of schooling. It also seeks to reflect the position of the Lebanese School on the diversity of children.This research adopts a comprehensive approach. It is based on the observation of educational and pedagogical practices as well as focus groups and comprehensive interviews with teachers. The use of these methodologies allows, on the one hand, the apprehension of the behavior of teachers and their pedagogical approaches; and on the other hand, the analysis of theirdiscourses and exploration of the social representations that unconsciously structure their ways of thinking and acting. The cross-sectional analysis of data thus highlights the brakes and levers for the implementation of the schooling process.The crossed interpretation of practices and representations finally makes it possible to understand what could lead teachers to modify their conceptions, to transform their usual practices and to consider the possibility developing new ones, more coherent with the inclusive aim
Tine, Cheikh Tidiane. "A la recherche de significations dans le discours et les pratiques des enseignants : Contenus et dynamique des représentations sociales de l’inclusion scolaire des enfants et adolescents en situation de handicap en Italie." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO20003/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with social representations of disability and mainly with school inclusion of children and teenagers living with disabilities in teachers’ practices. In fact, it is important to notice that this school inclusion is analysed from the social representations and the practices they bring about. Better, the analysis of school inclusion is made via the discourse and practices of teachers.The survey is conducted in twelve schools, ten of them located in Rome and the two others in Cagliari in the region of Sardinia. All these schools host students living with handicap and they seek to do their best to observe every student’s irreducible singularity. A resort to a triangulation of the techniques of data collection(questionnaire, interview guide, group focus and direct observation ) has been of great importance to us in grasping the true influence of social representations about the educational practices and the behaviours, individual as well as collective in the sense of school inclusion. This achieved empiric investigation establishes a link between the universe and the thought(social representations) in one hand, and the universe and the action(educational practices) on the other hand. The perception teachers make about handicap and school inclusion has engendered the concrete setting of pedagogic practices which take into account the specific educational needs of students living with disabilities. The welcome and way of dealing with disability at school result from a transformation both in the field of ideas and the organization of the pedagogic practice.Above the study of school inclusion via what teachers do and say, we have also tried to understand the existing links between the actors taking part in the realization of the project of inclusion. The discursive examination and the observations on the ground unveil that the collaboration between teachers , even between the different participants on the field of inclusion still requires a lot of doing. Despite the contradictions and ambivalences noticeable, inclusion is considered as a profit to all and the teachers interviewed are completely behind it
Loubère, Lucie. "Les environnements numériques de travail dans l'enseignement secondaire : étude d'un système représentationnel." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30048/document.
Full textThe integration of Information and Communication Technologies in Education (ICTEs) has often been described as a thorny endeavour. Digital Work Environments (DWE) can be considered as a particularly interesting ICTE tool because of their widespread and compulsory deployment in the French educational system. This study investigates how the DWE tool has integrated professional representations based on the theoretical approach of social representations. In a first phase, we base our analyses on the social discourses about ICTEs through three textual corpora, reflecting three different types of discourses (media, institutional, national consultation on digital education in 2015). We use a lexicometric approach in order to identify the transversal themes and the idiosyncrasies of these discourses. The second part of this study is based on a survey by questionnaires on 625 secondary education teachers of Toulouse academy. Here, the hierarchical evocation method is used to examine the content of professional representations on four objects: the DWE, the teaching profession, the notions of information and of communication. The structure analyses of the responses and the interrelations study between these objects show the peculiarity of the teachers' universes compared to the ones identified in the three social discourses. The complex system formed by the four objects allows us to observe that although the representations of the teaching profession and the DWE have few common contents, they share numerous elements with the representations of communication and of information. Finally, these results enlighten us on two larger tendencies on the way secondary teachers describe the investigated objects: one part of the population seem to systematically privilege functional elements whereas the other part of the population prefers to associate evaluative elements when relating to each one of these objects
Akoa, Marie-Ange. "Les représentations sociales de parents de leur rôle dans les associations de parents d'élèves et enseignants (APEE/PTA) des écoles primaires publiques du système éducatif camerounais." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/10370.
Full textPerrault, Bruno. "L'accompagnement dans la formation des enseignants à l'IUFM Nord-Pas de Calais." Lille 1, 2006. https://ori-nuxeo.univ-lille1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/23d1c04f-f8ea-46d1-bd4e-346c582fdddf.
Full textRibeiro, Marinalva Lopes. "Une analyse des représentations sociales de l'affectivité chez des enseignants qui participent au programme de formation en enseignement primaire dans une université publique de l'État de Bahia." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2004. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/914.
Full textJeziorski, Agnieszka. "Étude des représentations sociales du développement durable dans une perspective didactique : une contribution à la formation des enseignants à l'éducation au développement durable : Le cas des futurs enseignants québécois et français de sciences de la nature et de sciences humaines et sociales." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM3028.
Full textEducation for sustainable development (ESD) has been gradually integrated into the school systems of France and Quebec. This has consequences for both teachers and teacher training. This research aims to identify how future Quebecois teachers of science and technology and social studies, on the one hand, and future French teachers of the life and earth sciences and history and geography, on the other hand, represent sustainable development and ESD. To this end, a multi-methodological approach was used that draws on two complementary tools, a questionnaire and semi-structured interviews. A theoretical framework built around the concepts of social representations (SR) and socially acute questions together with a critical-interpretative posture guide the reading and interpretation of the results. The study brings to light a social representation of SD that is nested in the SR of the environment-resources among the four sub-populations surveyed as well as socio-cultural and/or professional-disciplinary specificities, which are manifested in particular by the integration of social, political and institutional dimensions. Based on the data collected, four areas of tension were identified among the future teachers interviewed; these reflect the existence of two approaches to ESD: one transmissive, and the other transformative and social constructivist. This study thus provides an in-depth, up-to-date clarification of the factors that support or hinder the institutionalization of a critical ESD. Finally, it includes proposals for educational intervention in teacher training so as to enrich future teachers' representations of SD
Jeziorski, Agnieszka, and Agnieszka Jeziorski. "Étude des représentations sociales du développement durable dans une perspective didactique : une contribution à la formation des enseignants à l'éducation au développement durable : le cas des futurs enseignants québécois et français de sciences de la nature et de sciences humaines et sociales." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25242.
Full textSuivant les préconisations internationales, de nombreux pays ont mis en place des politiques nationales en termes d’éducation au développement durable (EDD). Ainsi, cette éducation a été progressivement intégrée dans les systèmes scolaires français et québécois, ce qui a des conséquences - plus ou moins importantes selon son degré d’implémentation curriculaire - pour les enseignants et leur formation. Cette recherche vise à repérer la manière dont les futurs enseignants québécois de sciences et technologie et d’univers social d’une part et les futurs enseignants français de sciences de la vie et de la Terre et d’histoire-géographie d’autre part se représentent le développement durable (DD) et l’EDD. Pour ce faire une approche pluri-méthodologique associant deux outils complémentaires, le questionnaire et l’entretien semi-directif, est employée. Le cadre théorique, - construit autour des concepts de représentations sociales (RS) et de questions socialement vives -, ainsi qu’une posture interprétative-critique, orientent la lecture et l’interprétation des résultats, notamment en soulignant l’émergence d’un curriculum caché de l’EDD et d’une posture de partialité tacite sous prétexte de neutralité chez les futurs enseignants. L’étude met en lumière une RS du DD qui serait emboitée dans celle de l’environnement-ressource chez les quatre sous-populations interrogées ainsi que des spécificités socioculturelles et/ou professionnelles-disciplinaires, se manifestant notamment par l’intégration des dimensions sociales, politiques et institutionnelles. Au vu de l’ensemble des données recueillies, on retient chez les futurs enseignants interrogés quatre champs de tensions qui reflètent la coexistence de deux approches de l’EDD : l’une transmissive et l’autre socioconstructiviste transformatrice. Ces tensions se rapportent aux questions de neutralité, d’enseignement des controverses, de finalités et d’interdisciplinarité. Cette recherche apporte ainsi un éclairage approfondi et renouvelé quant aux appuis et obstacles à l’institutionnalisation d’une EDD critique et comporte finalement des propositions d’intervention didactique en matière de formation des enseignants susceptibles de développer une compétence critique chez des futurs enseignants, d’enrichir leurs représentations du DD et de prendre conscience des enjeux liés à son introduction dans la sphère éducative dans le but de prendre des décisions rationnelles quant à leur engagement potentiel dans l’EDD. Mots clés : représentations sociales, éducation au développement durable, contextes, questions socialement vives, formation des enseignants, éducation critique.
In accordance with international recommendations, many countries have implemented national policies on education for sustainable development (ESD). These policies have, for example, been gradually integrated into the school systems of France and Quebec. This has consequences for both teachers and teacher training, which will vary in importance depending on the extent to which ESD has been integrated into the curriculum. This research aims to identify how future Quebecois teachers of science and technology and social studies, on the one hand, and future French teachers of the life and earth sciences and history and geography, on the other hand, represent sustainable development and ESD. To this end, a multi-methodological approach was used that draws on two complementary tools, a questionnaire and semi-structured interviews. A theoretical framework built around the concepts of social representations (SR) and socially acute questions together with a critical-interpretative posture guide the reading and interpretation of the results, highlighting the emergence of a hidden ESD curriculum and a posture of tacit partiality in the guise of the future teachers’ neutrality. The study brings to light a social representation of SD that is nested in the SR of the environment-resources among the four sub-populations surveyed as well as socio-cultural and/or professional-disciplinary specificities, which are manifested in particular by the integration of social, political and institutional dimensions. Based on the data collected, four areas of tension were identified among the future teachers interviewed; these reflect the existence of two approaches to ESD: one transmissive, and the other transformative and social constructivist. These tensions are related to questions of neutrality, the teaching of controversy, goals and interdisciplinarity. This study thus provides an in-depth, up-to-date clarification of the factors that support or hinder the institutionalization of a critical ESD. Finally, it includes proposals for educational intervention in teacher training so as to develop future teachers’ critical skills, to enrich their representations of SD and to develop their awareness of the issues related to its introduction into the educational sphere so that they can make rational decisions about their potential involvement in ESD. Key words: social representations, education for sustainable development, contexts, socially acute questions, teacher training, critical education.
In accordance with international recommendations, many countries have implemented national policies on education for sustainable development (ESD). These policies have, for example, been gradually integrated into the school systems of France and Quebec. This has consequences for both teachers and teacher training, which will vary in importance depending on the extent to which ESD has been integrated into the curriculum. This research aims to identify how future Quebecois teachers of science and technology and social studies, on the one hand, and future French teachers of the life and earth sciences and history and geography, on the other hand, represent sustainable development and ESD. To this end, a multi-methodological approach was used that draws on two complementary tools, a questionnaire and semi-structured interviews. A theoretical framework built around the concepts of social representations (SR) and socially acute questions together with a critical-interpretative posture guide the reading and interpretation of the results, highlighting the emergence of a hidden ESD curriculum and a posture of tacit partiality in the guise of the future teachers’ neutrality. The study brings to light a social representation of SD that is nested in the SR of the environment-resources among the four sub-populations surveyed as well as socio-cultural and/or professional-disciplinary specificities, which are manifested in particular by the integration of social, political and institutional dimensions. Based on the data collected, four areas of tension were identified among the future teachers interviewed; these reflect the existence of two approaches to ESD: one transmissive, and the other transformative and social constructivist. These tensions are related to questions of neutrality, the teaching of controversy, goals and interdisciplinarity. This study thus provides an in-depth, up-to-date clarification of the factors that support or hinder the institutionalization of a critical ESD. Finally, it includes proposals for educational intervention in teacher training so as to develop future teachers’ critical skills, to enrich their representations of SD and to develop their awareness of the issues related to its introduction into the educational sphere so that they can make rational decisions about their potential involvement in ESD. Key words: social representations, education for sustainable development, contexts, socially acute questions, teacher training, critical education.
Korankye, Priscilla. "Etude comparative des représentations des futurs enseignants et des enseignants débutants par rapport à leur formation professionnelle initiale en langues étrangères : le cas du Français au Ghana et de l'anglais au Togo." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAG033/document.
Full textThis research is founded in comparative education and studies the social representations of future and beginning foreign language teachers in Ghana against those in Togo with respect to their initial professional training. The study is inspired mainly by the theory of social representations, professionalization and by the concept of relationship to knowledge. Using a comprehensive approach of comparative education that focuses on understanding phenomena in their contexts, without intending a transfer of practices from one country to another, we seek to determine whether the available training programs prepare the subjects adequately toward acquisition of professional skills and career readiness. The study privileges hypothetic-deductive approach. Our empirical data consists of 40 semi-structured interviews of which 30 (15 from each country) collected from future teachers and 10 (5 from each country) from beginning teachers. The qualitative data is analyzed using content analysis. Results show that a majority of future and beginning teachers find their practical training insufficient and not career centered. In spite of this fact, contrary to the Ghanaian public, the Togolese public has positive representations in respect to their theoretical training and career readiness. The results equally reveal that there is a close relationship between teachers' profile prior to training and their representations as regards their training and their career readiness
Tall, Demba. "Le redoublement au post-primaire général public dans la région du Centre-Ouest du Burkina Faso : analyse des principales caractéristiques liées aux représentations sociales et aux modèles d’intervention éducative véhiculés par les personnels enseignants et les directions des écoles." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/9873.
Full textFerreira, da Silva Brigida ticiane. "Pour un éducation à la diversité culturelle : une étude qualitative et compréhensive des représentations sociales sur la Guyane française dans une perspective interculturelle : le cas des enseignants brésiliens de FLE de Macapá." Besançon, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BESA1025.
Full textThis thesis is based on intercultural problems that occur when teaching French language and culture in Amapá state, situated in the extreme northern part of Brazil that shares a long border with French Guyana. Given the immense contact with the French culture other than that of the Hexagone, our objective was to find out if, through teaching, learners are aware of the diversity of the French culture that exists around them. We hypothesised that France and Guyana represent two different cultural entities for French language teachers and that would not augur well for teaching/learning in Amapá. Through interviews on sociocultural representations of Brazilian teachers on Guyana, Guyanese and their culture, we highlighted some stereotyped representations that partly validated our initial hypothesis: Guyana confuses itsels with France; teachers' representations show that « France goes with french culture ». On the other hand, due to ethnic stereotypes, Guyana is not perceived to represent the French cullture. Based on the results of this research, the following was proposed: make necessary readjustments in the curriculum so that the teaching takes into account the differences between French and Guyanese identities as a way of harmonosing cultural diversity in a border region like that of Amapá, which is close to a French department
Vekeman-Julien, Isa, and Isa Vekeman-Julien. "Les représentations sociales de l'éducation : valeurs et pratiques enseignantes au collégial préuniversitaire." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28196.
Full textCette étude exploratoire dresse un portrait des représentations sociales de l’éducation des professeurs du collégial préuniversitaire. Elle tente de comprendre en quoi les valeurs et les pratiques des enseignants sont liées les unes aux autres. Pour ce faire, elle décortique ces représentations sociales par le prisme de trois sphères: la représentation sociale de l’éducation (sphère sociale), celle de l'institution collégiale (sphère institutionnelle) et celle du rapport entre l’étudiant et l’enseignant (sphère individuelle). Chacune de ces sphères est décrite au regard des différentes dimensions de la représentation sociale (cognitive, affective et comportementale). Cette étude s'intéresse également à l'influence de deux variables au regard des représentations sociales que les enseignants se font de l’éducation. Elle se penche d'abord sur l'influence de l’orientation idéologique induite au cours de la formation (ou non) des enseignants en pédagogie, puis sur l’influence de la sous-culture propre au programme enseigné (Sciences humaines ou Sciences de la nature).
This exploratory study presents a portrait of the social representations of the education of pre-university college teachers. It attempts to understand how the values and practices of teachers are linked to one another. To do this, it analyses these social representations in light of three spheres: the social representation of education within society (social sphere), that of the collegiate institution (institutional sphere) and that of rapport between student and teacher (individual sphere). Each of these spheres is described in reference to different dimensions of the social representation (cognitive, affective and behavioral). This study also examines the influence of two variables on the social representations that teachers have on education. It first looks at the influence of ideological orientation induced in the course of teachers’ study (or not) in pedagogy and then at the influence of the very subculture of the program being taught (Humanities or Natural Sciences).
This exploratory study presents a portrait of the social representations of the education of pre-university college teachers. It attempts to understand how the values and practices of teachers are linked to one another. To do this, it analyses these social representations in light of three spheres: the social representation of education within society (social sphere), that of the collegiate institution (institutional sphere) and that of rapport between student and teacher (individual sphere). Each of these spheres is described in reference to different dimensions of the social representation (cognitive, affective and behavioral). This study also examines the influence of two variables on the social representations that teachers have on education. It first looks at the influence of ideological orientation induced in the course of teachers’ study (or not) in pedagogy and then at the influence of the very subculture of the program being taught (Humanities or Natural Sciences).
Pichard-Doustin, Dominique. "L'enseignement des langues étrangères dans la formation professionnelle du second degré en Allemagne, en Catalogne et en France : statuts, usages, représentations." Thesis, Tours, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOUR2025.
Full textThis doctoral thesis seeks to explore and compare representations about forein languages to learn in vocational education in three socio-historical and political entities, Germany, Catalonia and France. It also aims to explore and compare the finalities of learning foreign languages in this kind of education and the eventual influences of political, ideological, sociolinguistical and educational contexts on the representations of the interviewed persons. Those questions allow to formulate that one language and one finality are hegemonical in the representations, english and the utility to learn a foreign language
Viaud, Jean. "Changement des représentations sociales ou déplacement social des sujets dans l'espace des représentations ? : étude longitudinale des représentations sociales de l'économie." Paris 5, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA05H067.
Full textMogos, Andreaa Alina. "Réalités sociales médiatisées : représentations sociales des Roumains dans la presse écrite française." Paris 8, 2009. http://octaviana.fr/document/150240635#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textMedia have the power to cultivate specific views about the reality. The selection, framing, production of the media discourse and the staging of the everyday events are leading to the construction of a media reality, which is frequently different from the social reality. The aim of the research is to analyze the media representations regarding the otherness and to discuss how discursive and representational strategies contributed to the construction, dissemination and perpetuation of the Romanians' images in the French main newspapers : Le Figaro, Le Monde and Liberation between 1995 and 2005
Petrovic, Céline. "Portraits d'élèves du primaire par leurs enseignants-es : l'impact du genre." Thesis, Paris 10, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA100182.
Full textThis PhD thesis deals with gender and education, more specifically investigating schools and schoolteachers. This research examines primary schoolteachers’ representations of their female and male pupils. Data have been drawn from the teachers’ portraits of their pupils. With reference to two theoretical frameworks, cognitive social representation theory and psychoanalysis, two methodologies have been used to collect and analyze data. On the one hand, the quantitative methodology shows that teachers produce significantly more discourse on their male pupils in zones d’education prioritaire (areas targeted for special help in education), and that when describing girls and boys, they discuss different themes in different ways according to the context. On the other, a clinical analysis of twenty-four student portraits shows that portraits of girls and boys do not focus on the same elements in terms of relationship to knowledge, and that the former more often meet their teachers’ desires than the latter. In effect, female and male pupils do not enjoy the same environment and do not elicit similar expectations from their teachers
Bonetto, Eric. "Représentations sociales et identité sociale : le rôle des représentations sociales et de leur structure dans l'affiliation au groupe." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0282.
Full textThe observation of Jahoda (1988) about the lack of test of the theory of social representations remains relevant about the identity features of SRs. This PhD thesis is particularly interested in the role of these representations in the affiliation to the group. In this perspective, it takes place at the articulation between the structural approach to social representations and the social identity perspective. Twelve studies test different hypotheses in the framework of this articulation. Studies 1a (N = 324) and 1b (N = 268) are interested in the potential effect of the structure of social representations on group identification. Studies 2, 3a and b, 4a and b (from N = 143 to N = 358) are interested in the potential role of SRs in the recognition of group members and in their prototypicality. Studies 3a and b, 4a and b, 5a and b (from N = 161 to N = 358) explore the social value of social representations. Finally, studies 6a, b and c (from N = 49 to N = 52) deal with perceived sharedness in the structural approach to social representations. The consequences for the theory of social representations of theinconsistent results observed are discussed in the light of Popper’s and Lakatos’ epistemological considerations. Different research perspectives are also presented, some being accompanied of empirical studies
Le, Her Michel. "Représentations sociales de la pratique physique et sportive et du sport chez les institutrices." Rennes 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987REN20001.
Full textEven if she is based on a poll using a list of questions, the research differs from classic sociological polling by the epistemological nature of the responses. These are considered as social images built for and in the interchange. They permit to the respondents to be classed in the social context and also to know where they stand in this context. The study focuses on a group of women who teach primary school. They are responding to the man conducting the interview in the role both as a psychological researcher and as a sporting specialist. The question dead with sports which, until now, had been reserved to men. The primary framework is that of social psychology backed by the outlook of sociology. The sociological approach has been dictated both by sports dealt with in the questionnaire and by the diversity found among the teachers as to their social origins and as their varied lives. In essence, this study focuses on sociology of cultural consummation and on a life style of the respondents. The first part of the thesis is built on a global analysis of the questionnaire whiz emphasis on a dominant social image projected by this group of women and the main ideas underlying this social image. The analysis shows (in comments on the sports in which they engage and in their comments on sports in general) their desire to distance themselves from the sport dominated by men and to construct (at least in words) their own versions of sports. These main ideas underlying their social image yield a double status: they are women and they belong to the middle class. The second part of the thesis tries to go belong these quite common main ideas, by analysing several correlations in the respondent's answers. These correlations are taken in the context of each respondant'real social situation (the combination of her social status and that of her husband). Thus it appears that sports participation is, closely related to present social status. One might characterize this participation as sign-language. On the other hand, these teachers' views on sports in general are drawn from their social origins and from their objective conditions under which their deepest tastes were formed
Saunier, Deborah. "L'influence du rapport à l'élève idéal sur les pratiques pédagogiques et l'identité professionnelle de professeurs des écoles : le cas de la scolarisation des élèves à besoins éducatifs particuliers." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMC016.
Full textThis research aims at shedding light on the relationships between the representations of the ideal pupil, the identity and professional practices of non-specialist primary teachers, in the context of inclusive school. Based on the system of professional activities (Blin, 1997), we considered that professional representations, practices and identities are closely linked and that they interact. The schooling of pupils with special educational needs (SEN) can turn out to be destabilising for some teachers (Saunier and Toullec-Théry, 2017). We wondered if the difficulties they encounter could stem from a gap between their representations of the ideal pupil and the pupils with SEN. To account for the multiple influences exerted by these representations on the development of professional practices and identity, we have constructed the concept of the relationship with the ideal pupil, echoing the relationship with knowledge (Charlot, 1997). Our methodology is based on quantitative and qualitative data. We first developed and distributed a questionnaire to collect data on the ideal pupil, then we conducted focus groups to complete and refine our analysis. The statistical processing of quantitative data has led to typologies of teachers and the creation of a portrait of the ideal pupil. The group interviews made it possible to understand the different functions that the ideal pupil occupies for these teachers, as well as the links between their representations and the way they define their profession and their practices. The data analysis also revealed the influence of institutional norms and values on the construction of their professional identity and practices
Monteilhet, Véronique. "Les représentations sociales du monde balzacien dans ses adaptations filmiques." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CLF20009.
Full textCapitanio, Maria Grazia. "La représentation sociale de l'enfant chez un groupe de maîtresses d'école maternelle." Rennes 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986REN20028.
Full textThe social representation of the child has been studied through the analysis of thirty interviews to a group of nursery-school teachers. The results of the analysis show clearly that the social representation of the child is different from the social representation of the adult. Such difference is marked by a tendency to idealizing the child to the detriment of the adult; besides it seems to be connected with the type of childhood experienced by the individual teacher. Those among the teachers who are fully aware of what happened to them during their childhood and acknowledge its positive and negative aspects value, but do not idealize, the child. Besides they are more prepared than others to contact also the adult who is positively evaluated
Camirand, Monique. "Les modèles de planification interdisciplinaire intégrant les arts dans les représentations des enseignantes et des enseignants du primaire." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 1995. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/397.
Full textGazaille, La Rue Héloïse. "Les représentations sociales de la nation dans le quotidien La Presse." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2012. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/5188/1/030331424.pdf.
Full textOrfanos, Charalampos. "Représentations sociales et comédie : les classes d'âge dans trois pièces d'Aristophane." Paris, EHESS, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994EHES0336.
Full textThis thesis has three parts, the first one concerning social representations of age groups in acharnians, the second, in knights and the third, in birds. Its aim is not only to shows the consequences of the age of each mask on each character's attitude. It is, above all, to give an interpretation of the gap often observed in old comedy between the age and the dramatic action of each character. This is why i tried to read these three plays under different points of view, including narrative elements hardly related to the principal matter of my study, such as education, sexuality - above all pederastic sexuality - and even hunting or fishing, the function of the last two of these elements often beign to place the caracters conerned in the margin of the adult male community
Lassaire, Jean-Paul. "Les savoirs savants dans les représentations du métier d'éducateur spécialisé." Paris, EHESS, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EHES0024.
Full textTabet, Naïma. "Relation entre enseignants et enseignés de sexes différents : contribution à l'étude de l'influence des représentations liées aux sexes sur les représentations des élèves par les enseignants et des enseignants par les élèves dans un contexte culturel marocain." Bordeaux 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR21009.
Full textA first method using a questionnaire given to a sample of secondary school teachers and students from Casablanca (Morocco) reveals a three-level schematic structure of representations related to sex. The first includes aspects mostly influenced by social change and the second involves aspects which are subject to hesitations and thus become sources of conflict. The last level which is a hard core is made up of aspects resisting to change, i. E. , aspects concerning roles and status of each sex and the relationship between the two. Teachers' and students' self-perceptions and the perceptions and the perceptions of their respective school partners are categorised according to sex. Sex-related perceptions are dependent on socio-cultural variables (social origin, residence, father's occupation for students and social origin of teachers) as well as on sex. A second method using a projective test (t. A. T. ) Confirms a number of these perceptions and reveals responses characteristic of both sexes to the different situations in the test figures. It also shows that the apperception of the classroom situation as well as of teacher-student relationships is closely linked to the sex of the teacher and the student. These perceptions seem to have an influence on students' school achievement. Average grades obtained by students in the sample in achievement tests in arabic,. .
Martinez, Chantal. "Pratiques enseignantes et expérience professionnelle antérieure." Thesis, La Réunion, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LARE0002/document.
Full textThis research in Sciences of Education focuses on teaching practices. The general hypothesis is that the future teachers hold different practices as they have or not a previous significant amount of work experience. The teaching practices shall be understood in accordance with Bandura’s meaning as the structuring between dimensions pertaining to the person, the behaviour and the background. Therefore, the approach turns out to be comparative between these two populations, but also heuristic as for the practices in all their dimensions. Concerning our data collection, after an exploratory phase, we proposed a questionnaire filled in by future teachers (N=324) who trained in the vocational school ESPE de La Réunion in 2013 and sought to prepare for a career in primary and secondary education. Our study included observations of sessions (N=12) in secondary school. The testing of empiricism offers to validate the general and comparative hypothesis of significant differences on some elements of practices, in particular concerning the socio-cognitive dimensions. From a heuristic perspective, we identified a specificity of the Reunionese environment compared with the mainland France background as far as the behaviour is concerned
Laporte-Mitjana, Geneviève. "Implication et représentations professionnelles dans l'insertion par l'activité économique." Toulouse 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU20034.
Full textThis research was conducted on the basis of "implication professional mode" as suggested by Christine Mias. The thesis exposed here tends to assert that the manner with which the three elements Sense/meaning ; Reference Points, Feeling of Control are requested within the professional sphere induces an "own way of being" which influences the actor's professional representations which thereby can be numerous in the same area. The survey was conducted in the field of integration through economic activity (I. A. E. : Insertion par l'Activité Economique). People working in this activity are in a paradoxical position between : economic balance – social take in charge of people on the verge of exclusion. Through this choice of area, we intended to verify that the actors' attitude and approach of their mission were impacted by these two opposite ideological references. The results confirm that context, implication mode and professionnal representations work in a systemic relation
Salesses, Lucile. "Rôle du niveau de connaissance dans le processus de structuration d'une représentation sociale : l'exemple d'Internet." Aix-Marseille 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX10019.
Full textMoise, Raluca. "Représentations culturelles et pratiques sociales de genre dans le SMS des adolescents." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209891.
Full textdifférentes. Dès son premier usage, le SMS était vu par les compagnies de téléphonie mobile
comme un moyen de transmission d’informations utiles pour les adultes – l’évolution de la
Bourse, des informations sur la météo (Ling, 2001). Par son passage à l’adoption par les
jeunes dans les années 1995 et 1997 et jusqu’aujourd’hui, le SMS devient un phénomène qui
suscite des représentations diverses et des discours assez contradictoires, même virulents par
rapport à son appropriation par les jeunes. Si, dans l’espace francophone et anglophone, le
sujet du “langage SMS” est bien connu, constituant une figure récurrente des discours des
mass-médias et des enseignants qui sortent en évidence les effets négatifs sur les compétences
orthographiques des élèves, ailleurs, et notamment en Roumanie, les discours des massmédias
constatent l’existence du phénomène, sans mettre en évidence les aspects négatifs, s’il
en existe. Un autre registre est celui de l’espace soi-disant virtuel, où des sites Internet relèvent les divers usages du SMS dans le monde3, dans le cadre des diverses industries (le politique4, les
services publics5, le divertissement6). Hors de ces présences qui attestent l’explosion de la
communication par l’intermédiaire du SMS, il existe aussi, par exemple, des concours de
poésie par SMS: leur enjeu est de voir comment la créativité individuelle peut être compactée
en 160 caractères, en résultant un possible mélange entre le hai-ku et cette technologie de
dernière génération. Le SMS, dont on décriera l’évolution plus tard, dépasse ainsi ses
fonctions primaires de communication et de socialisation, en devenant un milieu de créativité
et d’innovation artistique.La vie quotidienne est aussi un domaine où le SMS est très visible et qui détermine la création d’une représentation collective qui attribuerait le SMS aux jeunes à part d’autre type de public. Constamment, autour de soi, on peut voir des jeunes utilisant le téléphone mobile pour envoyer des messages. La scène déjà évoquée, issue de mes observations
ethnographiques, en est particulièrement illustrative. Toutes ces contextes donnent une présence active de l’usage du SMS. A chaque
contexte, un discours spécifique. Cette diversité contextuelle et discursive incontestable a
constitué une première raison d’approfondir le sujet du SMS. Alors, la question fondamentale surgit :comment peut-on traiter d’un tel sujet ?Quelle est la « bonne » voie interprétative ?Nous nous proposons de relier deux aspects, la
communication et les usages, ce qui nous semble essentiel pour la construction de l’objet du
SMS. Il s’agit donc d’étudier les discours caractéristiques de la culture des jeunes, sur le plan des pratiques comme des représentations, en mettant un accent particulier sur leur façon de
construire des stratégies pour surmonter les contraintes imposées par l’objet technique (le
SMS présente en fait des caractéristiques linguistiques liées aux spécificités du support
technique) mais aussi sur leur façon de « se mettre en scène » dans les SMS. Nous verrons
ainsi en quoi il y a une prise en compte des règles du groupe de pairs dans la culture
adolescente, en même temps qu’une élaboration de stratégies de distanciation. C’est la
démarche spécifique à l’anthropologie de la communication. On pourrait aborder le SMS en mobilisant les approches de réseau, dans des termes de fonctionnabilité du réseau, de rôles de chaque acteur qui y participe et du principe du pouvoir qui leur serait intrinsèque (Latour 1991) :le message reçu par le jeune légitime la bonne
fonctionnalité du réseau, dont les autres jeunes font partie, ainsi que leurs positions à
l’intérieur du réseau social. Le fait d’avoir partagé le SMS est un signe de pouvoir symbolique
envers les autres. Ces approches omettent cependant un aspect que nous considérons comme
important, à savoir le caractère ludique, que ce soit le ludique intrinsèque du message
(exprimé par un contenu amusant, une blague, un ragot, etc.) ou le ludique extérieur du
message (exprimé par l’acte d’envoyer un message, qui surmonte l’ennui temporel).
J’argumenterai que le ludique est le facteur qui explique le grand succès du SMS et de sa
consolidation auprès des jeunes.
Par rapport à la constitution de l’anthropologie comme discipline, les études
anthropologiques de nouvelles technologies informationnelles et communicationnelles
(NTIC) sont apparues très récemment, au cours des années 1990 du dernier siècle. S’agissant
d’un groupe assez réduit de chercheurs qui, en plus, ne connaissaient pas les travaux de leurs
pairs, les études initiales étaient plutôt descriptives et empiriques ;le SMS y était présenté en tant qu’une réalité « exotique ». Son « exotisme » a penché sur le discours anthropologique assez longtemps, jusqu’à la fin des années 1990, quand l’anthropologie fait son bilan et elle découvre que la période des études descriptives doit finir et commencer l’étape de
problématisation. Ainsi, les anthropologues se ciblent sur le rapport entre le nouveau et
l’ancien dans la communication médiatisée par NTIC, commencent à rechercher dans le passé
des usages similaires, pour construire une théorie des nouveaux modèles communicationnels.
L’anthropologie de la communication du fin des années 1990 et le début des 20008
s’éloigne de la sociologie par sa démarche diachronique et comparative. L’usage est remplacé
par le concepte de la pratique (ce qui impliquait une interprétation des usages dans leur
dynamique). Par la suite, la perspective synchronique laisse la place à une démarche
diachronique, les anthropologues décrivant la façon dont les pratiques communicationnelles
d’un certain médium prennent des nouvelles significations, en fonction de contexte et des
individus. Si la sociologie réalisait des comparaisons entre les usages des divers NTIC dans le même contexte temporel, l’anthropologie de la communication emploie la méthode
comparatiste au niveau diachronique aussi. L’ancien et le nouveau dans la communication
médiatisée par NTIC constituent la cible scientifique des anthropologues. Cette focalisation est importante aussi pour la spécialisation de l’objet de la recherche ;son évolution poursuit le schème suivant en anthropologie de la communication :NTIC → type d’objet électronique (téléphone mobile, ordinateur, tam-tam etc) → une fonctionnalité de l’objet technologique qui connaît des développement surprenants (SMS, vidéo-appel, MMS, chat, Instant Messenger,Facebook, MySpace etc). On passe de la « computer mediated communication » aux pratiques communicationnelles spécifiques à chaque fonctionnalité, de singulier au pluriel.
Il n’est resté que peu de temps jusqu’à ce que l’objet technologique devienne sujet des
interrogations dans la culture matérielle. De date très récente, dans l’espace anglo-saxon9 et
francophone10, ces études mettent dans le centre de leur analyse la relation entre l’individu et
l’objet technologique, donc la consommation. Les rapports entre les deux instances de la
relation décrivent deux directions de l’action :l’incorporation de l’objet (l’objet agit sur
l’individu) et l’excorporation de l’objet (l’individu agit sur l’objet). Cette relation est vue dans ces concrétisations en divers lieux du monde, les anthropologues présentant une localisation des pratiques et des représentations d’un certain objet technologique. La culture matérielle reprend la dimension synchronique d’un objet technologique (les usages en divers contextes)dans le cadre plus large diachronique, segmenté en fonction des étapes d’appropriation :
l’adoption, la création de l’utilité, la consolidation des usages. Cette trajectoire de l’objet décrit une démarche paradigmatique, dont chaque étape est construite par les pratiques et les représentations créées par les usagers. Le processus d’appropriation est donc le cadre
théorique plus large dans lequel les anthropologues intègrent les conceptes de la sociologie et de l’anthropologie communicationnelle. Influencée par la sémiotique, la culture matérielle décrit, donc, les significations complexes de la relation entre l’individu et l’objet technologique (que nous allons décrire en détail dans le premier chapitre de la thèse). On comprend assez facilement pourquoi le téléphone mobile est un objet technologique soumis au processus d’appropriation, mais pourrait-on dire que le SMS est un objet de consommation ?
Gérald Gaglio ainsi l’interprète :« Ce tour d'horizon a permis d'identifier les étapes de la
diffusion d'une nouvelle pratique sociale liée à un support technique, le SMS. Elle apparaît
suite à une ruse qui consiste à contourner le coût de l'appel téléphonique et profite d'un effet
de réseau. Elle s'enrichit de la création d'un univers de sens puis interpelle par l'action d'une "
minorité active " constituée par les adolescents. Elle sort enfin de son contexte de création
9 Heather Horst et Daniel Miller 2006, The cell phone: An Anthropology of communication, Berg. In press,
Oxford.
10 Bernard Blandin 2002, La construction du social par les objets, Presses Universitaires de France, Paris.
11
puisqu'elle est appropriée par d'autres populations qui élargissent les types de contenus
transmis. »11
Dominique Desjeux partage la même opinion quand elle compare la diffusion du SMS
en Chine, France et Pologne: « In the field of telephony, mobile or fixed, and more generally
in that of electronic information technologies, SMS is an interesting example of the spread of
an innovation because it has occurred without the need for any special marketing action. Its
spread has been spontaneous except in Poland where the later arrival of SMS meant that it
was immediately associated with uses of mobile phones. Hence, its success is linked to
invisible uses and associations that existed potentially in society before the expansion of
SMS. It is interesting to review these in order to understand at least partially the logic
underlying the spread of future innovations. Hence the purpose of this article is to show the
invisible uses that have been gradually revealed by surveys on SMS practices, especially
qualitative ones and mostly on a micro-social scale, carried out in France (partly under my
direction) by Catherine Lejealle (2003), in Poland by Malgorzata Kamieniczna (2004) and in
China by Anne Sophie Boisard (2004). Another aim is to show the shared or singular
practices of the three cultures analysed. The social uses of SMS in the world fit into a
dynamic that is constantly evolving among users, from the youngest to the oldest, and are
based on a written expression that constantly invents new codes or forms of the written
language. »12
Les deux chercheurs se situent en continuité avec notre grille d’analyse ;tous les deux
reconnaissent l’émergence du SMS dans des pays différents, dans le cadre des sous-cultures
délimitées par l’âge. G. Gaglio et D. Desjeux voient dans la pratique du SMS un exemple de
détournement du préscrit, déterminé par la capacité des usagers d’innover. Influencés par la
thèorie de Norbert Alter sur l’innovation ordinaire13, les deux anthropologues, à la suite d’une
démarche comparative entre plusieurs espaces, considèrent que le SMS est un objet de
consommation. Ses développements différents, les pratiques changeantes, expression d’une
créativité individuelle et collective, font que le SMS accomplisse « les conditions » pour être
considéré un objet soumis au processus complexe de la consommation.
11 Gérald Gaglio, 2005, “La pratique du SMS en France: analyse d'un comportement de consommation in tant
que phénomène social”, Paris, Consommations et société n°4, electronic journal, www.argonautes.fr
12 Dominique Desjeux ,2005, „SMS uses and issues in China, France and Poland”, Paris, Consommations et
société n°4, electronic journal, www.argonautes.fr.
13 Norbert Alter, 2000, L'innovation ordinaire, Paris, PUF.
12
Cette façon d’aborder le SMS est celle que nous suivrons aussi ;quand même,
l’explication de l’émergence du SMS ne nous suffit pas. Considérer l’explosion du SMS
comme ayant ses racines que dans la capacité créative des usagers (les innovateurs ordinaires)
nous semble une explication un peu aride, qui laisse à coté les conditions du contexte qui ont
fait que le détournement se réalise. Et, en plus, en quoi consiste-t-elle, cette capacité créative ?
Suffit-il de le nommer pour expliquer tout un phénomène ?Quels sont donc les ressorts
intérieurs du passage de « manières de faire » aux « arts de faire »14 ?
Ces sont des questionnements qui font de SMS un objet qui peut être soumis à une
interrogation scientifique et à tout un travail de terrain.
Doctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Plante, Marie-Pier. "Les représentations sociales véhiculées par les tribunes téléphoniques dans les médias interactifs." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2010. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/1741/1/030149073.pdf.
Full textCampillo, Jean-Paul. "Les représentations des problématiques sociales dans le cinéma espagnol contemporain (1997-2011)." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AZUR2002/document.
Full textThis thesis is about documentaries which, in Spain, are in a half-way between militant commitment and political disengagement. Our research focused on minority movies likely to take the opposite view of the feeble representations of social problematics, and thus, to propose a political interpretation. These productions, by coming closer to militancy, question the speech and the action of in place authorities (political and economical) and, at the mean time, show alternatives that belong to a distant or very recent past. Portmán, a la sombra de Roberto (Miguel Martí, 2001), El efecto Iguazú (Pere Joan Ventura, 2002), 200 km. (Discusión14, 2003), La mano invisible (Isadora Guardia, 2004), Veinte años no es nada (Joaquín Jordà, 2004), El astillero (Disculpen las molestias) (Alejandro Zapico, 2007), Flores de luna (Juan Vicente Córdoba, 2009), 15M Libre te quiero (Basilio Martín Patino, 2011), although these movies share a lot of things in common with social criticism, they do not focus on individual fates, but rather on collective projects. Moreover, beyond describing facts, they act as whistleblowers in order to modify the viewer’s consciousness
Apostolidis, Thémis. "Penser le rapport au sexuel à l'époque du sida : représentations sociales de la sexualité dans une population de jeunes adultes en France et en Grèce." Paris, EHESS, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998EHES0035.
Full textStewart, Isobel. "Effets de contexte dans l'activation des représentations sociales : schéma de genre et professions." Paris 8, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA081744.
Full textCoelho, da Silva Abelardo. "Représentations du handicap dans les séries télévisées : exemples dans le Brésil post-dictature." Thesis, Artois, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ARTO0006.
Full textTelevision programs play a crucial role in Brazilian culture in that they create and convey specific norms, values and beliefs. This is particularly striking in the telenovelas – or soap operas -, which are produced in large numbers and broadcast on all television networks, especially TV Globo, the dominant media conglomerate.Telenovelas are the most important products in Brazil’s cultural industry. As such, they provide a comprehensive basis for the analysis of social representations related to significant objects or subjects in Brazilian society. This research is focused upon disability and its visual representations in a range of 30 telenovelas covering the period 1985-2013. Interestingly, postdictatorship Brazil saw the resurgence of social movements and the claiming of rights for persons with disabilities. The approach is based on film criticism, the analysis of aesthetic elements and discourses subsequently leading to anthropological perspectives. 40 characters are thus categorized taking into account gender, age and social class as well as the causes of disabilities and the specific locations where the disabled persons evolve in the telenovelas. These representations centre upon problematic issues as citizenship is often denied to them
Cloutier, Élisabeth. "Les représentations sociales dans les campagnes de marketing de cause : la campagne (RED) et les représentations sociales spécifiques à l'ethnicité et aux relations de pouvoir." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2011. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/2271/1/030275981.pdf.
Full textSilva, Vanderlan Francisco da. "Dissonances tropicales : la violence dans l'imaginaire brésilien." Paris 5, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA05H091.
Full textThe present thesis work discusses the place of the violence in the imaginary Brazilian. It proposes a reading of the function of the violence in the process of construction of the social relationships in Brazil. Leaving of a perspective in the which the violence if constitue as an element of base of the social relationships between individuals and groups, deal with the symbolic images of the violence. In the first two chapters is discussed the influences that the first conflicts between the autochthonous people and the Portuguese settlers produced for the Brazilian society. In the third chapter, is the discussed the production of the conflicts of its links with the geaographic space, being demonstrated as the physical spaces is classified while rifts where the notions of good and of evil they settle down in consonance with the Brazilian imaginary universe. In that chapter, we looked for to decipher as the perception of the violence and the several denominations still elaborated in each time they are themselves same result of valued and conflicting relationships that seek to make sacred some expressions of the violence at the same time they condemn others. In the fourth chapter, it is discussed the aesthetic transformations of the violence in the Brazilian modernity. In the last chapter the relationship is discussed among the social structure, hierarchy and the production of conflicts. It tries to show that the violence constitue a type of anthropological structure of the social relationships in Brazil
Cadot, Christine. "Les deux Atlantiques : Europe-Amérique, la découverte de deux mondes et son influence sur la perception française du modèle fédératif américain." Paris 8, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA083707.
Full textThe main statement of this research is that Europe and America as political categories have their roots in a nationalistic rhetoric, both in France and in the United States. These categories act like a distorting mirror in French perceptions of American federalism. This research encompasses three main themes. First, we define the notion of "discovery" in pointing out its political presupposition, which represents and shapes both Europe and America as naturalized worlds. Second, we apply this distorting mirror to the special case of American republicanism and third, to one of its modalities - federalism. This research was conducted at some specific times of nationhood crisis, both in France and in the United States. We will particularly deal with the rhetorical use of a supposed ontological break between Europe and America in revolutionary times, as well as in the Jacksonian and Civil War eras
Gladysz, Marc. "Communication d'entreprise et identités d'acteurs : pour une théorie discursive des représentations sociales." Aix-Marseille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX10026.
Full textThe purpose of company communication is foten confined to transmitting operative information or employees' motivations. But this prospect is instrumental; it is based on two partial models : the "code" model which confines communication to the linear transmission of a piece of information and is relatively indifferent to the social context of the exchange, and "the paradigm of effects" which links information to the transforming of personal conducts and stems from a narroc behaviourist notion. In both cases, the whole cognitive process of the performer within the language is inderrated. We can talk of a flattening of the symbolic dynamics within the organisation. On the contrary, the model proposed here leads us to put the emphasis on the discourse as a place where social representations are carried out and around which the crurial stakes of communication are structured. Language operates as a mediatory structure, from which not only subjectivities are joined together, but also performers' identities are elaborated. Through three separate corpus (employees' interviews, article form a company publication, minutes from staff committees' meetings) and leaning on the theories of discourse analysis
Cohen, Golda. "Les représentations sociales du médicament : une perspective iconographique." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MON30093/document.
Full textThe medicine is a social object that is at the heart of many material and symbolic relationships. In order to know the opinions and knowledge associated with it within the French population, we mobilized the theoretical framework of social representations. Due to the massive spread of images in new mediums of communication, we chose to limit the research that constitutes this PhD in the iconographic perspective. As such, our investigations revolve around two axes: The first axis (N = 946) is concerned with the involvement of the mental imagery in the formation of social representation of the medicine. The three investigations carried out with this focus allowed us to observe the collective nature of mental imagery, encouraging research on the images. The second axis (N = 615) focuses in the processes mobilized by individuals when it comes to selecting, memorizing and understanding the images associated with the prototypical words of the social representation of the medicine. The results suggest the development of a methodology with the images. As a whole, the investigations invite the reader on one hand, to consider the importance of social representations in the deciphering of visual images, on the other hand to dig deeper in the iconography of the methodological perspective of the theory of social representations
Valencia, Abundiz Silvia. "Représentations sociales : image idéale et vécu de la relation de couple." Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0029.
Full textThe study of social representations in couples' relationship and in the marriage, has a primary objective to know which is the relation between the ideal image of the couples' relationship and the marriage, and the personal experience; as well as to know the semantic contents of the representations regarding the couple relationship and the marriage, and also the way those meanings act over the individual and social practices. The methodological procedures used were the semi-directive interview and the questionnaire. The interviews went through two types of analysis : thematic and sequential content and lexicographic Alcest's support, for the questionnaire, the statistical processor SPSS. The results' interpretation was made according to three analysis levels: cultural (institution and values), social (expectations and hapiness) and individual (sexuality, affectivity and communication). The conclusions were that the image of the couples' relationship and the marriage, for men as well as women, still remains in traditional terms. It is due to this focus, that a new problematic about the ideal image and the personal experience on the couples relationship and marriage is approached, and by shedding light on the interactions and correspondences between representations, practices and values
Grazzini, Frédérique. "Les rôles managériaux dans le processus de formation de la stratégie : une lecture ancrée dans la théorie des représentations sociales." Grenoble 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009GRE21037.
Full textMany researchers have highlighted the major roles of top and middle managers in the strategy process (Jarzabkowski, 2005 ; Ikävalko, 2005; Mantere, 2005), yet rare are those who describe these roles precisely and concretely. On the basis of a literature review, this research first emphasizes the need for researchers in strategic management to adopt more dynamic and integrating frames for the future when studying phenomenon such as managerial roles. It appears particularly fruitful to take behavioral and socio-psychological dimensions into account. Thus, from this perspective, relying on the young Strategy-as-Practice research field, combined with the Theory of Social Representations (Moscovici, 1961), this research proposes construction of a theoretical model intended to explain the constitution of managerial roles in strategy process. More largely, this theoretical model is anchored in critical management studies, especially those linked with Foucault’s work. From a discursive perspective, the present research invites consideration that the strategic discourses to which managers are exposed influence managerial roles in strategy process via the social representations these discourses contribute to developing. These roles are simultaneously constructed at the crossroads between strategic discourses and strategic practices. The theoretical model proposed here then leads to an empirical study of managerial roles in strategy process. This study is notably based on the three steps proposed by Clémence et al. (1994) to study social representations. A 79 item questionnaire was constructed and administered to top and middle managers : 1033 complete responses were collected. Some items enable highlighting manager's social representations concerning strategy; others are intended to interpret these social representations in terms of managerial roles. On the basis of both qualitative and quantitative methodologies, four conceptions of managerial role have been emphasized. This typology highlights the influence of strategic discourses, and socio-psychological and socio-demographic variables in the constitution of managerial roles in strategy process