Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Enrichment'
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Lodder, A. V. M. "Principles of enrichment in the laws of unjust enrichment." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.543649.
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Ball, Eli Byron Stuart. "Enrichment at the claimant's expense : attribution rules in unjust enrichment." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:dc066712-fd0c-4d4f-81ad-dfbbb1805acf.
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This thesis presents an account of attribution in unjust enrichment. Attribution refers to how and when two parties – a claimant and a defendant – are relevantly connected to each other for unjust enrichment purposes. It is reflected in the familiar expression that a defendant be 'enriched at the claimant's expense'. This thesis presents a structured account of attribution, consisting of two requirements: first, the identification of an enrichment to the defendant and a loss to the claimant; and, secondly, the identification of a connection between that enrichment and that loss. These two requirements must be kept separate from other considerations often subsumed within the expression 'enrichment at the claimant's expense' which in truth have nothing to do with attribution, and which instead qualify unjust enrichment liability for reasons that should be analysed in their own terms. The structure of attribution so presented fits a normative account of unjust enrichment based upon each party's exchange capacities. A defendant is enriched when he receives something that he has not paid for under prevailing market conditions, while a claimant suffers a loss when he loses the opportunity to charge for something under the same conditions. A counterfactual test – asking whether enrichment and loss arise 'but for' each other – provides the best generalisation for testing whether enrichment and loss are connected, thereby satisfying the requirements of attribution in unjust enrichment. The law is stated as at 15 March 2014.
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Hubert, Ilona. "Enrichment bei Laborhunden." Diss., lmu, 2004. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-26892.
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Disque, J. Graham. "Marriage Enrichment Workshop." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 1997. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2847.
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Olofsson, Nils. "Kidney Dynamic Model Enrichment." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Avdelningen för visuell information och interaktion, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-242315.
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This thesis explores and explains a method using discrete curvature as a feature to find regions of vertices that can be classified as being likely to indicate the presence of an underlying tumor on a kidney surface mesh. Vertices are tagged based on curvature type and mathematical morphology is used to form regions on the mesh. The size and location of the tumor is approximated by fitting a sphere to this region. The method is intended to be employed in noninvasive radiotherapy with a dynamic soft tissue model. It could also provide an alternative to volumetric methods used to segment tumors. A validation is made using the images from which the kidney mesh was constructed, the tumor is visible as a comparison to the method result. The dynamic kidney model is validated using the Hausdorff distance and it is explained how this can be computed in an effective way using bounding volume hierarchies. Both the tumor finding method and the dynamic model show promising results since they lie within the limit used by practitioners during therapy.
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Ried, Janina S. "Phenotype set enrichment analysis." Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-158079.
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Shah, Rajiv Eric. "Reasons for unjust enrichment." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2019. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/290112.
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Birks' unjust enrichment formula was intended to provide a common descriptive structure to all the instances where there was recovery. He did not, however, engage in an analysis of the various reasons why courts awarded restitution. My thesis seeks to fill this gap. I argue that without such an account Birks work is incomplete. According to Birks, for example, money and services both amounted to enrichments and so should be considered together. But there are some differences and similarities between money and services. In order to be able to group them together Birks needs to be able to say that the reasons for giving recovery in money and service cases are similar enough that they can be grouped together. The same goes for all the unjust factors. The point is, the generalisation that Birks sought to do, can only properly be done if one is attuned to the reasons why recovery is granted in each of those cases. If the reasons are similar then the generalisation makes sense. But if they are not then it does not make sense to so generalise. The argument of the thesis is that there three relevant principles to justifying unjust enrichment: the Property Principle, the Benefit-Burden Principle and the Autonomy Principle. The Property Principle states that one should not have property belonging to another. The Benefit-Burden Principle states that if one takes a benefit then one must bear the associated burdens; to put it more colloquially: you have to take the rough with the smooth. These first two principles provide reasons for considering a situation to be defective and the last principle provides a constraint for the operation of the first two. It is there to ensure that the imposition of liability will not unduly affect the autonomy of the defendant. Based on that the thesis proposes that the scope of the unjust enrichment formula be trimmed down to only cover defective transfers of money and other assets. For the other cases, a different analytical structure is needed. This is because the reasons for recovery in those cases are different.
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Syed, Abeer. "Microsystems for parasite enrichment." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2013. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4353/.
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The aim of this project was to develop a lab-on-chip platform upon which activities in engineering and parasitology can be brought together to create new low cost diagnostic technologies for Human African Trypanosomiasis, a disease also known as sleeping sickness, for use in resource-poor environments like Sub-Saharan Africa. Filtration and separation of particles is essential for many biochemical and analytical assays. This work describes the development of novel techniques to enhance the separation/enrichment of parasites from whole blood. Techniques like chemotaxis, inertial microfluidics and density based separation were used to achieve the separation/enrichment. This thesis describes (i) development of an assay to confirm the chemotaxis of Trypanosoma brucei towards higher concentrations of glucose, (ii) designing, fabrication and use of inertial microfluidic device for continuous sorting of trypanosomes from blood cells, (iii) density based separation of trypanosomes from whole blood using a two phase Dextran-Ficoll system, and (iv) density based enrichment of trypanosomes using surface acoustic waves. This work represents an important step towards improving the detection of trypanosomes in blood for which microscopy is still considered to be the gold standard.
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Terrés, Villalonga Pilar. "Substructural Logics and Pragmatic Enrichment." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668507.
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In this dissertation, we argue for a Pragmatic Logical Pluralism, a pluralist thesis about logic which endorses Classical, Relevant, Linear, and Ordered logic. We justify that the formal languages of these four logics are legitimate codifications of the logical vocabulary and capture legitimate senses of logical consequence. This will be justified given a particular interpretation of the four formal languages: logical consequence and conditional, disjunction, and conjunction of the four different logics codify different and legitimate senses of ‘follows from’, ‘if...then’, ‘or’ and ‘and’ which diverge in their different pragmatic enrichments. The dissertation is twofold. First, we will explore the effect that the lack of structural rules has on logical connectives, in four substructural logics, and its connection with certain pragmatic enrichments. Second, we will defend a pluralist thesis according to which pragmatics has an important role for capturing the inferential role of logical vocabulary, both of the notions of ‘follows from’ and the logical constants, although classical logic preserves truth and captures their lit- eral meaning. In sum, we defend a version of logical pluralism based on the plurality of legitimate translations from natural language to formal languages, arguing that more than one translation is legitimate for logical vocabulary, which makes it possible to adopt more than one logic.En aquesta tesi presentem el Pluralisme Lògic Pragmàtic, una tesi pluralista sobre la lògica que accepta les lògiques Clàssica, Rellevant, Lineal i Ordenada. Justifiquem que els llenguatges formals d’aquestes quatre lògiques són codificacions legítimes del vocabulari lògic i capturen sentits legítims de la conseqüència lògica. Això es justificarà donant una interpretació particular dels quatre llenguatges formals: la conseqüència lògica i el condicional, la disjunció i la conjunció de les quatre lògiques acceptades codifiquen diferents i legítims sentits de ‘si...llavors’, ‘o’ i ‘i’, que es distingeixen pels diferents enriquiments pragmàtics que codifiquen. La tesi té dos vessants. Primer, explorem l’efecte que la falta de regles estructurals té en les connectives lògiques de les quatre lògiques presentades, i la seva connexió amb certs enriquiments pragmàtics. Segon, defensem una visió pluralista segons la qual la pragmàtica juga un rol important a l’hora de capturar el rol inferencial del vocabulari lògic, tant per la noció de conseqüència lògica com per les connectives, tot i que la lògica clàssica preserva la veritat i captura el seu significat literal. En resum, defensem una versió del pluralisme lògic basat en la pluralitat de traduccions legítimes del llenguatge natural al llenguatge formal, argumentant que més d’una traducció és legítima pel vocabulari lògic, la qual cosa ens permet adoptar més d’una lògica.
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King, Lesley Anne. "Environmental enrichment for broiler breeders." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.249541.
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Habib, Khalil Abdul-Jhalil. "On-line trace metal enrichment." Thesis, University of Hull, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.335080.
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Webb, Charlie Edward James. "Property, unjust enrichment and restitution." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2008. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2316/.
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This thesis examines the law's response to defective transfers and other misapplications of assets and argues that the present variety of responses is unprincipled and fails to treat like cases alike. Sometimes, when A mistakenly transfers property to B, the law says that, because of the mistake, A's legal title to that property never left him. At other times the law says that legal title did pass to the recipient but that the mistake leads to a new equitable title to the property arising in A's favour. And at other times, the law says that A relinquishes all title to the property but has instead a personal claim against the recipient for recovery of the value of the property mistakenly transferred. These differences matter because they affect issues such as the measure and form of recovery, the impact of B's insolvency, and the availability of defences. Yet in all such cases the claimant's complaint seems to be the same: the asset was mine to dispose of and I did not consent to its passing to the defendant. If all these cases are concerned with the same question, they should all receive the same answer. Accordingly a new, uniform approach, consistent with the principles underlying such claims, will be put forward. This will then point the way to a clearer understanding of certain issues of a more fundamental nature, such as the organisation and structure of private law, the use of concepts in legal theory and reasoning, and the distinction between property and obligations.
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Al-Othmany, Dheya Shuja'a. "Tritium enrichment by gas chromatography." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.240675.
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In the studies related to trace analysis in meteorology, hydrology, medical and clinical research, the measurement and monitoring of tritium released from nuclear facilities and its health physics aspects on human and the environment are of growing importance. The techniques employed currently for the enrichment of tritium are carried out using large samples and require long periods of operation (7 days or more) to obtain the enriched tritium sample. In the present investigation, a laboratory scale chromatography based system was designed, constructed and commissioned successfully to collect enriched tritiated water samples which were then counted to determine the levels of activity. The total time taken to conduct the complete enrichment procedure and counting of the collected samples was less than one working day. This system also showed the capability of enriching quantities of water samples as small as 20 ml. This was about ten times less than required in the conventional enrichment techniques. Extensive efforts were made to attain optimum operational, reproducible and efficient measurements of tritium enrichment for quantitative analysis. The developed experimental technique involved injecting a known volume of water into a preheated furnace to react with magnesium turnings, in the presence of a carrier gas, to produce the hydrogen isotopes. These isotopes were separated using the principles of chromatography. Liquid scintillation counting method was employed to determine the activity of the collected samples. Two gases, nitrogen and helium, were utilized as the carrier gases during this investigation. Best values of enrichment were obtained with the use of nitrogen as a carrier gas, but the samples collected were difficult to count due to the formation of ammonia with consequent chemical complications.
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Arnold, Patrick. "Semantic Enrichment of Ontology Mappings." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-192438.
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Schema and ontology matching play an important part in the field of data integration and semantic web. Given two heterogeneous data sources, meta data matching usually constitutes the first step in the data integration workflow, which refers to the analysis and comparison of two input resources like schemas or ontologies. The result is a list of correspondences between the two schemas or ontologies, which is often called mapping or alignment. Many tools and research approaches have been proposed to automatically determine those correspondences. However, most match tools do not provide any information about the relation type that holds between matching concepts, for the simple but important reason that most common match strategies are too simple and heuristic to allow any sophisticated relation type determination.
Knowing the specific type holding between two concepts, e.g., whether they are in an equality, subsumption (is-a) or part-of relation, is very important for advanced data integration tasks, such as ontology merging or ontology evolution. It is also very important for mappings in the biological or biomedical domain, where is-a and part-of relations may exceed the number of equality correspondences by far. Such more expressive mappings allow much better integration results and have scarcely been in the focus of research so far.
In this doctoral thesis, the determination of the correspondence types in a given mapping is the focus of interest, which is referred to as semantic mapping enrichment. We introduce and present the mapping enrichment tool STROMA, which obtains a pre-calculated schema or ontology mapping and for each correspondence determines a semantic relation type. In contrast to previous approaches, we will strongly focus on linguistic laws and linguistic insights. By and large, linguistics is the key for precise matching and for the determination of relation types. We will introduce various strategies that make use of these linguistic laws and are able to calculate the semantic type between two matching concepts. The observations and insights gained from this research go far beyond the field of mapping enrichment and can be also applied to schema and ontology matching in general.
Since generic strategies have certain limits and may not be able to determine the relation type between more complex concepts, like a laptop and a personal computer, background knowledge plays an important role in this research as well. For example, a thesaurus can help to recognize that these two concepts are in an is-a relation. We will show how background knowledge can be effectively used in this instance, how it is possible to draw conclusions even if a concept is not contained in it, how the relation types in complex paths can be resolved and how time complexity can be reduced by a so-called bidirectional search. The developed techniques go far beyond the background knowledge exploitation of previous approaches, and are now part of the semantic repository SemRep, a flexible and extendable system that combines different lexicographic resources.
Further on, we will show how additional lexicographic resources can be developed automatically by parsing Wikipedia articles. The proposed Wikipedia relation extraction approach yields some millions of additional relations, which constitute significant additional knowledge for mapping enrichment. The extracted relations were also added to SemRep, which thus became a comprehensive background knowledge resource. To augment the quality of the repository, different techniques were used to discover and delete irrelevant semantic relations.
We could show in several experiments that STROMA obtains very good results w.r.t. relation type detection. In a comparative evaluation, it was able to achieve considerably better results than related applications. This corroborates the overall usefulness and strengths of the implemented strategies, which were developed with particular emphasis on the principles and laws of linguistics.
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Högberg, Hanna. "Investigating developmental effects in and-enrichment." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-251.
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Two propositions connected by and have the same truth-value, irrespective of the order of the conjuncts. However, in a sentence like “I put my socks and shoes on” it becomes obvious that the order of the conjuncts affects the meaning of the sentence. This study concerns the contribution of pragmatics to and by implicit enrichment to and then or and thus. It includes three experiments that investigate and-enrichment in adults and children. Nine five-line stories concerning everyday events were used. After each story the participants were to respond “yes” or “no” to a statement which referred to two events that occurred in the story, conjoined with and. In the critical statement, the two events were presented in the inverse order to which they had occurred. The results show no general developmental effect but awareness of the task plays a critical role for and-enrichment production. Ten-year-olds enrich and to the same extent as adults when no efforts are made to mask the intention behind the task. However, when a more spontaneous response is captured by masking the purpose of the task children respond more logically. There are no clear evidence that and-enrichment is affected by the cognitive demands of the task.
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Dray, L. M. "Wolf-Rayet stars and chemical enrichment." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.598644.
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Computational models of Wolf-Rayet and other massive stars are presented at solar metallicity and at a range of non-solar metallicities from Z = 0.03 to Z = 0.0001. The effects of differing mass-loss rates, evolutionary paths and initial mass distributions are quantified and the resulting Wolf-Rayet star populations compared to observations in this and other galaxies. It is found that observations may be reproduced with lower (and more realistic) mass-loss rates than the ones currently used in the literature, with a number of exceptions. The enrichment from these stars is calculated and compared to that from other sources of CNO. It is found that, whilst nitrogen originates mainly from intermediate-mass stars and oxygen from type II supernovae as expected, the origin of carbon is not clear-out and depends on a variety of sources. The effect of input parameters such as the adopted AGB yields and the binary fraction are discussed. Binary star models are presented and compared to observation. It is found that the majority of Wolf-Rayet stars at low metallicities are those which originate from mass transfer in binary systems, but that Wolf-Rayet CNO enrichment at all metallicities is still primarily from the single stars. Finally, a further use for the set of massive star models evolved here is considered - their use as gamma-ray burst progenitor models. It is found that the expected circumstellar mass distribution around a Wolf-Rayet star at the end of its lifetime may help to explain some features of gamma-ray burst afterglow light curves.
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Baloch, Tariq A. "Unjust enrichment in the contractual context." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.491586.
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Vasilakopoulou, Christina. "Generalization of algebraic operations via enrichment." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708293.
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Lossio-Ventura, Juan Antonio. "Towards the French Biomedical Ontology Enrichment." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTS220/document.
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En biomedicine, le domaine du « Big Data » (l'infobésité) pose le problème de l'analyse de gros volumes de données hétérogènes (i.e. vidéo, audio, texte, image). Les ontologies biomédicales, modèle conceptuel de la réalité, peuvent jouer un rôle important afin d'automatiser le traitement des données, les requêtes et la mise en correspondance des données hétérogènes. Il existe plusieurs ressources en anglais mais elles sont moins riches pour le français. Le manque d'outils et de services connexes pour les exploiter accentue ces lacunes. Dans un premier temps, les ontologies ont été construites manuellement. Au cours de ces dernières années, quelques méthodes semi-automatiques ont été proposées. Ces techniques semi-automatiques de construction/enrichissement d'ontologies sont principalement induites à partir de textes en utilisant des techniques du traitement du langage naturel (TALN). Les méthodes de TALN permettent de prendre en compte la complexité lexicale et sémantique des données biomédicales : (1) lexicale pour faire référence aux syntagmes biomédicaux complexes à considérer et (2) sémantique pour traiter l'induction du concept et du contexte de la terminologie. Dans cette thèse, afin de relever les défis mentionnés précédemment, nous proposons des méthodologies pour l'enrichissement/la construction d'ontologies biomédicales fondées sur deux principales contributions.La première contribution est liée à l'extraction automatique de termes biomédicaux spécialisés (complexité lexicale) à partir de corpus. De nouvelles mesures d'extraction et de classement de termes composés d'un ou plusieurs mots ont été proposées et évaluées. L'application BioTex implémente les mesures définies.La seconde contribution concerne l'extraction de concepts et le lien sémantique de la terminologie extraite (complexité sémantique). Ce travail vise à induire des concepts pour les nouveaux termes candidats et de déterminer leurs liens sémantiques, c'est-à-dire les positions les plus pertinentes au sein d'une ontologie biomédicale existante. Nous avons ainsi proposé une approche d'extraction de concepts qui intègre de nouveaux termes dans l'ontologie MeSH. Les évaluations, quantitatives et qualitatives, menées par des experts et non experts, sur des données réelles soulignent l'intérêt de ces contributionsBig Data for biomedicine domain deals with a major issue, the analyze of large volume of heterogeneous data (e.g. video, audio, text, image). Ontology, conceptual models of the reality, can play a crucial role in biomedical to automate data processing, querying, and matching heterogeneous data. Various English resources exist but there are considerably less available in French and there is a strong lack of related tools and services to exploit them. Initially, ontologies were built manually. In recent years, few semi-automatic methodologies have been proposed. The semi-automatic construction/enrichment of ontologies are mostly induced from texts by using natural language processing (NLP) techniques. NLP methods have to take into account lexical and semantic complexity of biomedical data : (1) lexical refers to complex phrases to take into account, (2) semantic refers to sense and context induction of the terminology.In this thesis, we propose methodologies for enrichment/construction of biomedical ontologies based on two main contributions, in order to tackle the previously mentioned challenges. The first contribution is about the automatic extraction of specialized biomedical terms (lexical complexity) from corpora. New ranking measures for single- and multi-word term extraction methods have been proposed and evaluated. In addition, we present BioTex software that implements the proposed measures. The second contribution concerns the concept extraction and semantic linkage of the extracted terminology (semantic complexity). This work seeks to induce semantic concepts of new candidate terms, and to find the semantic links, i.e. relevant location of new candidate terms, in an existing biomedical ontology. We proposed a methodology that extracts new terms in MeSH ontology. The experiments conducted on real data highlight the relevance of the contributions
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Pitel, Stephen George Alexander. "Choice of law for unjust enrichment." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.620484.
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O'Dell, Eoin. "Perspectives on property and unjust enrichment." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.616034.
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Firoozeh, Nazanin. "Semantic-oriented Recommandation for Content Enrichment." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCD033.
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Cette thèse présente une méthode originale permettant d’enrichir le contenu d'un document non structuré par rapport à un domaine d'intérêt à l’aide de techniques de traitement du langage naturel et de recherche d'information. Il s'agit de minimiser l'écart sémantique existant entre le document et le domaine considérés. La méthode s'appuie sur une collection d’enrichissement constituée automatiquement en lien avec le domaine d'intérêt et procède par extraction de mots-clés et détection de thèmes (topics). L’enrichissement est assuré par l'utilisateur à partir des thèmes désambiguïsés qui lui sont proposés, ceux-ci étant représentés par des ensembles discriminants de mots-clés sémantiquement pertinents et étiquetés avec des mots-clés représentatifs. La méthode d’enrichissement proposé a été appliquée à des pages web. Elle est robuste au bruit indépendant du domaine considéré et facile transporter dans différentes langues. Elle est pauvre en connaissances mais elle exploite les résultats de moteurs de recherche de manière optimisée. L'approche a été testée sur différentes langues. L'évaluation a été conduite sur le français et sur 10 domaines différents. Les résultats ont été évalués par des utilisateurs dans un contexte applicatif réel et par comparaison avec des approches de références. On observe une bonne précision des résultats et une bonne cohérence sémantique au sein de chaque thème, avec une amélioration significative par rapport aux méthodes d'extraction des mots-clé et de détection de thèmes de l'état de l'artIn this thesis, we aim at enriching the content of an unstructured document with respect to a domain of interest. The goal is to minimize the vocabulary and informational gap between the document and the domain. Such an enrichment which is based on Natural Language Processing and Information Retrieval technologies has several applications. As an example, flling in the gap between a scientifc paper and a collection of highly cited papers in a domain helps the paper to be better acknowledged by the community that refers to that collection. Another example is to fll in the gap between a web page and the usual keywords of visitors that are interested in a given domain so as it is better indexed and referred to in that domain, i.e. more accessible for those visitors. We propose a method to fll that gap. We first generate an enrichment collection, which consists of the important documents related to the domain of interest. The main information of the enrichment collection is then extracted, disambiguated and proposed to a user,who performs the enrichment. This is achieved by decomposing the problem into two main components of keyword extraction and topic detection. We present a comprehensive study over different approaches of each component. Using our findings, we propose approaches for extracting keywords from web pages, detecting their under lying topics, disambiguating them and returning the ones related to the domain of interest. The enrichment is performed by recommending discriminative sets of semantically relevant keywords, i.e. topics, to a user. The topics are labeled with representative keywords and have a level of granularity that is easily interpretable. Topic keywords are ranked by importance. This helps to control the length of the document, which needs to be enriched, by targeting the most important keywords of each topic. Our approach is robust to the noise in web pages. It is also knowledge-poor and domain-independent. It, however, exploits search engines for generating the required data but is optimized in the number of requests sent to them. In addition, the approach is easily tunable to different languages. We have implemented the keyword extraction approach in 12 languages and four of them have been tested over various domains. The topic detection approach has been implemented and tested on English and French. However, it is on French language that the approaches have been tested on a large scale : the keyword extraction on roughly 400 domains and the topic detection on 80 domains.To evaluate the performance of our enrichment approach, we focused on French and we performed different experiments on the proposed keyword extraction and topic detection methods. To evaluate their robustness, we studied them on 10 topically diverse domains.Results were evaluated through both user-based evaluations on a real application context and by comparing with baseline approaches. Our results on the keyword extraction approach showed that the statistical features are not adequate for capturing words importance within a web page. In addition, we found our proposed approach of keyword extraction to be effective when applied on real applications. The evaluations on the topic detection approach also showed that it can electively filter out the keywords which are not related to a target domain and that it labels the topics with representative and discriminative keywords. In addition, the approach achieved a high precision in preserving the semantic consistency of the keywords within each topic. We showed that our approach out performs a baseline approach, since the widely-used co-occurrence feature between keywords is notivenough for capturing their semantic similarity and consequently for detecting semantically consistent topics
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Rosenholm, Angelica. "Enrichment of lignocellulosedegrading microorganisms byiterative culturing." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för bioteknologi (BIO), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-214397.
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Moore, Ronald D. "Marriage enrichment improving stability and satisfaction /." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2000. http://www.tren.com.
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Schmidt, Debra Ann. "Fiber enrichment of captive primate diets /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3060139.
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Cash, Bryan R. "Developing a marriage enrichment ministry team." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2002. http://www.tren.com.
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Weng, Li-Tung. "Information enrichment for quality recommender systems." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2008. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/29165/1/Li-Tung_Weng_Citation.pdf.
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The explosive growth of the World-Wide-Web and the emergence of ecommerce are the major two factors that have led to the development of recommender systems (Resnick and Varian, 1997). The main task of recommender systems is to learn from users and recommend items (e.g. information, products or books) that match the users’ personal preferences.
Recommender systems have been an active research area for more than a decade. Many different techniques and systems with distinct strengths have been developed to generate better quality recommendations. One of the main factors that affect recommenders’ recommendation quality is the amount of information resources that are available to the recommenders. The main feature of the recommender systems is their ability to make personalised recommendations for different individuals. However, for many ecommerce sites, it is difficult for them to obtain sufficient knowledge about their users. Hence, the recommendations they provided to their users are often poor and not personalised. This information insufficiency problem is commonly referred to as the cold-start problem.
Most existing research on recommender systems focus on developing techniques to better utilise the available information resources to achieve better recommendation quality. However, while the amount of available data and information remains insufficient, these techniques can only provide limited improvements to the overall recommendation quality.
In this thesis, a novel and intuitive approach towards improving recommendation quality and alleviating the cold-start problem is attempted. This approach is enriching the information resources. It can be easily observed that when there is sufficient information and knowledge base to support recommendation making, even the simplest recommender systems can outperform the sophisticated ones with limited information resources. Two possible strategies are suggested in this thesis to achieve the proposed information enrichment for recommenders:
• The first strategy suggests that information resources can be enriched by considering other information or data facets. Specifically, a taxonomy-based recommender, Hybrid Taxonomy Recommender (HTR), is presented in this thesis. HTR exploits the relationship between users’ taxonomic preferences and item preferences from the combination of the widely available product taxonomic information and the existing user rating data, and it then utilises this taxonomic preference to item preference relation to generate high quality recommendations.
• The second strategy suggests that information resources can be enriched simply by obtaining information resources from other parties. In this thesis, a distributed recommender framework, Ecommerce-oriented Distributed Recommender System (EDRS), is proposed. The proposed EDRS allows multiple recommenders from different parties (i.e. organisations or ecommerce sites) to share recommendations and information resources with each other in order to improve their recommendation quality.
Based on the results obtained from the experiments conducted in this thesis, the proposed systems and techniques have achieved great improvement in both making quality recommendations and alleviating the cold-start problem.
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Weng, Li-Tung. "Information enrichment for quality recommender systems." Queensland University of Technology, 2008. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/29165/.
Full textAbstract:
The explosive growth of the World-Wide-Web and the emergence of ecommerce are the major two factors that have led to the development of recommender systems (Resnick and Varian, 1997). The main task of recommender systems is to learn from users and recommend items (e.g. information, products or books) that match the users’ personal preferences.
Recommender systems have been an active research area for more than a decade. Many different techniques and systems with distinct strengths have been developed to generate better quality recommendations. One of the main factors that affect recommenders’ recommendation quality is the amount of information resources that are available to the recommenders. The main feature of the recommender systems is their ability to make personalised recommendations for different individuals. However, for many ecommerce sites, it is difficult for them to obtain sufficient knowledge about their users. Hence, the recommendations they provided to their users are often poor and not personalised. This information insufficiency problem is commonly referred to as the cold-start problem.
Most existing research on recommender systems focus on developing techniques to better utilise the available information resources to achieve better recommendation quality. However, while the amount of available data and information remains insufficient, these techniques can only provide limited improvements to the overall recommendation quality.
In this thesis, a novel and intuitive approach towards improving recommendation quality and alleviating the cold-start problem is attempted. This approach is enriching the information resources. It can be easily observed that when there is sufficient information and knowledge base to support recommendation making, even the simplest recommender systems can outperform the sophisticated ones with limited information resources. Two possible strategies are suggested in this thesis to achieve the proposed information enrichment for recommenders:
• The first strategy suggests that information resources can be enriched by considering other information or data facets. Specifically, a taxonomy-based recommender, Hybrid Taxonomy Recommender (HTR), is presented in this thesis. HTR exploits the relationship between users’ taxonomic preferences and item preferences from the combination of the widely available product taxonomic information and the existing user rating data, and it then utilises this taxonomic preference to item preference relation to generate high quality recommendations.
• The second strategy suggests that information resources can be enriched simply by obtaining information resources from other parties. In this thesis, a distributed recommender framework, Ecommerce-oriented Distributed Recommender System (EDRS), is proposed. The proposed EDRS allows multiple recommenders from different parties (i.e. organisations or ecommerce sites) to share recommendations and information resources with each other in order to improve their recommendation quality.
Based on the results obtained from the experiments conducted in this thesis, the proposed systems and techniques have achieved great improvement in both making quality recommendations and alleviating the cold-start problem.
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Abston, Marcus Chas. "Effects of Olfactory Enrichments on African Cheetahs (Acinonyx Jubatus)." OpenSIUC, 2017. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2218.
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AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF MARCUS C. ABSTON, for the Master of Science degree in ZOOLOGY, presented on 18 April 2017, at Southern Illinois University Carbondale. TITLE: EFFECTS OF OLFACTORY ENRICHMENT ON AFRICAN CHEETAHS (ACINONYX JUBATUS) MAJOR PROFESSOR: Dr. Carey Krajewski Environmental enrichment has been an essential part of felid husbandry in zoos, serving to reduce both physiological and psychological stress. Olfactory enrichment is one of many interventions used to prevent stereotypic behavior caused by stress in felids. However, little research has been done on this practice. The purpose of this study was to compare behavioral responses of four captive African cheetahs to six types of commercial fragrances used as olfactory enrichment stimuli. Three of these fragrances are marketed as “men’s cologne” and three as “women’s perfume”. The fragrances were also categorized as musky, spice, and floral types. Behavioral responses were recorded by live observations during 36 bouts at the St. Louis Zoo. There was a significant difference between cheetahs’ interaction time with male and female fragrances; they seemed to prefer male colognes. However, there was no significant difference in interaction time among fragrance types. Engagement behaviors varied among individuals (e.g. sniffing, scent rolling, pawing), but were similar to those reported by previous authors. These findings suggest that commercial fragrances may be a useful option for African cheetah olfactory enrichment.
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Weber, Christine. "Improving the enrichment procedure for Enterobacteriaceae detection /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2009. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?sys=000286608.
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Wiklund, Martin. "Ultrasonic Enrichment of Microparticles in Bioaffinity Assays." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Physics, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3729.
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This Thesis describes applications of standing-waveultrasonic traps for sensitive biomedical analysis. Two majorapproaches have been investigated where functionalizedmicroparticles are employed in bioaffinity assays. In the firstapproach, a longitudinal flow-through capillary ultrasonic trapis used for size selective separation and retention ofdifferently sized microparticles. This device may be used fordetection of particle pairs, which are formed during theinitial stage of microparticle immunoagglutination. Theperformance of the capillary ultrasonic trap for enrichment andcounting of particle pairs is characterized by a model systemof differently sized homogeneous fluorescent microparticles.The selectivity of this detection method relies on thecharacteristics of the force field inside the narrow borecapillary, which is formed by the competition between acousticradiation forces and viscous drag forces from the fluidflow.
The second approach is an investigation of the potential forsensitive protein quantification by combining ultrasonicenrichment and confocal laser-scanning fluore-scence detection.Here, the design of the ultrasonic trap is tailor-made for theimaging properties of a confocal microscope, resulting inrearrangement and concentration of suspended microparticlesinto single, dense layers that is scanned by a focused laserbeam. The bioaffinity assay employed is based on detecting thetarget molecules via fluorescent tracer antibodies immobilizedon the surface of each single particle.
The final part of the work presented in this Thesis is athorough investigation of both the biochemical and the physicalproperties that determine the performance and potentialsensitivity of the particle doublet assay. In thisinvestigation, a novel approach is presented for doubletdetection, namely fluorescence-microscopy-based classificationof doublets and singlets by a pattern recognition algorithm.The experimental results are also compared with the resultsfrom flow cytometry analysis. Furthermore, the initial stage ofimmuno-agglutination is theoretically investigated by a modelbased on diffusion-limited agglutination combined with a stericfactor determined by the geometry of the bio-molecules and theamount of specific and non-specific binding that is present inthe particular assay.
To conclude, the Thesis presents several approaches wherestanding-wave ultrasonic fields may be used for sensitiveparticle-based biomedical analysis. The best prospect for highsensitivity was found for the confocal laser-scanningfluorescence detection system, with a detection limit of theorder of 10-14M. On the other hand, the agglutination-basedassay may give sensitivity of the order of 10-11-10-10M with very simple and inexpensiveequipment.
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Schmid, Lukas. "Verhaltensbeobachtungen nach Enrichment der Haltungsbedingungen von Laborhunden." Diss., lmu, 2004. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-47136.
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Tomassen, Stein L. "Conceptual Ontology Enrichment for Web Information Retrieval." Doctoral thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for datateknikk og informasjonsvitenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-14270.
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Searching for information on the Web can be frustrating. One of the reasons is the ambiguity of words. The work presented in this thesis concentrates on how the effectiveness of standard information retrieval systems can be enhanced with semantic technologies like ontologies. Ontologies are knowledge models that can represent knowledge of any universe of discourse by describing how concepts of a domain are related. Creating and maintaining ontologies can be tedious and costly. However, we focus on reusing ontologies, rather than engineering, and on their applicability to improve the retrieval effectiveness of existing search systems. The aim of this work is to find an effective approach for applying ontologies to existing search systems. The basic idea is that these ontologies can be used to tackle the problem of ambiguous words and hence improve the retrieval effectiveness. Our approach to semantic search builds on feature vectors (FV). The basic idea is to connect the (standardised) domain terminology encoded in an ontology to the actual terminology used in a text corpus. Therefore, we propose to associate every ontology entity (classes and individuals are called entities in this work) with a FV that is tailored to the actual terminology used in a text corpus like the Web. These FVs are created off-line and later used on-line to filter (i.e. to disambiguate search) and re-rank the search results from an underlying search system. This pragmatic approach is applicable to existing search systems since it only depends on extending the query and presentation components, in other words there is no need to alter either the indexing or the ranking components of the existing systems. A set of experiments have been carried out and the results report on improvement by more than 10%. Furthermore, we have shown that the approach is neither dependent on highly specific queries nor on a collection comprised only of relevant documents. In addition, we have shown that the FVs are relatively persistent, i.e. little maintenance of the FVs is required. In this work, we focus on the creation and evaluation of these feature vectors. As a result, a part of the contribution of this work is a framework for the construction of FVs. Furthermore, we have proposed a set of metrics to measure the quality of the created FVs. We have also provided a set of guidelines for optimal construction of feature vectors for different categories of ontologies.
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Björnander, Rahimi Klara. "Enrichment of microparticles in droplets using acoustophoresis." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Mikrosystemteknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-349376.
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Acoustophoresis is a label free method where the acoustic radiation force is used to manipulate microparticles inside microfluidic channels. The magnitude of the force is dependent of several parameters, which include the density, speed of sound and size of the microparticles, as well as the amplitude of the pressure waves. Recently, acoustophoresis has been used in microfluidics to manipulate microparticles inside moving droplets. In this Master's thesis project, two microfluidic chip designs are used to enrich droplets with polystyrene beads (10 μm in diameter) using acoustophoresis. The microchips have been fabricated with two different fabrication methods; crystalline dependent wet etching and crystalline independent dry etching. In the microchips, water droplets in oil are generated with microparticles suspended in them. By using a channel width that is half a wavelength of the incoming acoustic waves, pressure nodal lines are created in the middle of the channel in which the microparticles align. The droplets then enters a droplet splitting feature, where they are divided into three daughter droplets. Since the majority of the incoming particles are recovered in the center daughter droplet while some of the droplet volume is removed, the center droplet is enriched with the microparticles. For the wet etched design stable droplet splitting was observed when the volumetric flow was 18 μL/min and the incoming droplets had a length-to-width ratio larger than 3. The maximum recovery for this design was 81.1% ± 13.8% with an applied voltage at 10 Vpp. Stable droplet splitting was observed for the dry etched chip at 10.5 μL/min and 18 μL/min at 10 and 20 Vpp, when the incoming droplet had a length-to-width ratio of 3. In this chip the maximum recovery was 93.2% ± 8.3% at the volumetric flow of 10.5 μL/min and an applied voltage of 20 Vpp.
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Salusbury, Sean. "Premixed methane stagnation flames with oxygen enrichment." Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=87008.
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Chemical kinetics is the science of modeling the steps involved in a chemical reaction at the molecular level. This investigation is concerned with the chemical reactions that occur during combustion. There is ample room for improvement in most presently accepted chemical kinetic models and many reactions are still not modeled. The key to creating and improving chemical kinetic models of combustion reactions is gathering sufficient experimental data and solidifying the foundations upon which more complicated models may be built.The experimental apparatus that is used to gather data in this study is a stagnation flame burner. Particle image velocimetry, a laser-based flow visualization technique, is used to measure velocity in both the axial and radial directions. The results are analyzed first to confirm the validity of the one-dimensional, axisymmetric model commonly used to describe impinging-jet flow. Experimental results are found to have good agreement with theoretical approximations and numerical models. Tests are then conducted to reproduce previously published data for methane-air flames at lean, stoichiometric and rich conditions in order to prove the reliability of the experimental apparatus. There is agreement between published data and the new experimental results.
Experiments with oxygen enrichment are then conducted at equivalence ratios not normally within the flammability limits of methane-air mixtures, from the very lean, phi = 0.55, to the very rich, phi = 1.45. Results show marked disagreement between model and experiment at equivalence ratios far from stoichiometric. These experimental data will allow the chemical kinetic model for premixed methane combustion to be improved -- by correcting divergence in the model at very lean and very rich conditions, the model should be improved appreciably over the narrower range of equivalence ratios typically seen in methane-air combustion.
La cinétique chimique est la science de la modélisation des étapes d'une réaction chimique au niveau moléculaire. Ce mémoire s'interesse aux réactions chimique qui se produisent durant la combustion. Les modèles cinétique présentement acceptés sont en besoin d'amélioration et d'autres enplus, il existe plusieurs réactions qui n'ont aucun modèle. Pour mieux développer les modèles et pour en créer des nouveaux, il fault rassembler assez de données expérimentales pour produire une base solide sur laquelle des modèles de plus en plus compliqués peuvent etre construits.
Pour générer des données, cette étude utilise un appareil expérimental avec une géométrie de point d'arrêt, dans laquelle une flamme aplatie peut exister. Les vitesses dans la direction axiale et radiale sont mesurées par la vélocimétire image-particule, une technique à base de laser. Les résultats sont d'abord analisés pour vérifier que le modèle unidimensionnel est valide. Une bonne concordance est observée entre la théorie et les résultats et entre les modèles numériques et les résultats. Subséquemment, des expériences sont effectuées pour reproduire des données déjà publiées pour le méthane et l'air aux rapports d'équivalence oxydants, stoechiométriques et réducteurs, afin de prouver la fiabilité de l'appareil expérimental. Il ya une bonne concordance entre les données publiées et les résultats expérimentaux.
Des expériences dans lequelles l'air est enrichi avec de l'oxygène sont effectuées à des rapports d'équivalence de phi = 0.55 juste qu'à phi = 1.45; ces rapports d'équivalence ne sont normalement pas dans les limites d'inflammabilité des mélanges de méthane-air. Ici, les résultats montrent un désaccord marqué entre le modèle et les expériences pour les rapports d'équivalence très loin de phi = 1.0. Les données permettent le modèle cinétique chimique pour la combustion du méthane prémélangée d'être amélioré. En corrigeant les divergences entre le modèle et les resultats experimentales pour rapports d'équivalence très oxydants et très réducteurs, le modèle sera amélioré pour rapports d'équivalences généralement vus dans la combusiton de méthane dans l'air.
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TAPIA, XIMENA ALEXANDRA CABRERA. "ENLIDA: ENRICHMENT OF LINKED DATA CUBE DESCRIPTIONS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2013. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=23868@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE EXCELENCIA ACADEMICA
O termo dados interligados refere-se a conjuntos de triplas RDF organizados segundo certos princípios que facilitam a publicação e o acesso a dados por meio da infraestrutura da Web. Os princípios para organização de dados interligados são de grande importância pois oferecem uma forma de minimizar o problema de interoperabilidade entre bancos de dados expostos na Web. Este trabalho propõe enriquecer um banco de dados que contém descrições em RDF de cubos de dados, interligando seus componentes com entidades definidas em fontes de dados externas através de triplas owl:sameAs. O trabalho propõe uma arquitetura composta por dois componentes principais, o enriquecedor automático e o enriquecedor manual. O primeiro componente gera triplas owl:sameAs automaticamente enquanto que o segundo componente permite ao usuário definir manualmente as ligações. Em conjunto, estes componentes facilitam a definição de cubos de dados de acordo com os princípios de dados interligados
The term Linked Data refers to a set of RDF triples organized according to certain principles that facilitate the publishing and consumption of data using the Web infrastructure. The importance of the Linked Data principles stems from the fact that they offer a way to minimize the interoperability problem between databases exposed on the Web. This dissertation proposes to enrich a database that contains Linked Data cube descriptions by interconnecting the components of the data cubes with entities defined in external data sources, using owl:sameAs triples. The dissertation proposes an architecture consisting of two major components, the automatic enriching component and the manual enriching component. The first component automatically generates owl:sameAs triples, while the second component helps the user manually define owl:sameAs triples that the automatic component was not able to uncover. Together, these components therefore facilitate the definition of data cubes according to the Linked Data principles.
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Sun, Chao. "Scalar implicature : Gricean reasoning and local enrichment." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2018. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10046941/.
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This thesis investigates the cognitive underpinnings of Scalar Implicature phenomenon. Here I present a series of experiments in three domains of research for scalars: (i) scalar diversity phenomenon, (ii) implicature priming and (iii) the time course of access to pragmatic enrichments. I adopt a broadly Gricean theoretical approach with local pragmatic enrichment to the design of the studies and argue that this approach can shed light on the phenomena. The results of the experiments also lend support to the theoretical perspective taken. This thesis introduces a new perspective to interpret scalar diversity phenomenon. Given the observation that different scalar terms give rise to unembedded scalar implicatures at different rates, experiments presented in Chapter 2 and 3 suggest that one source of scalar diversity is the strength of association between a scalar term and its upper-bounding local enrichment. It provides indirect evidence that local enrichment impacts on the interpretation of unembedded scalars. More direct evidence of an effect of local enrichment in unembedded scalars is found in implicature priming. Experiments presented in Chapter 4 find unembedded and embedded scalar enrichments could prime each other, indicating local pragmatic enrichment as a shared mechanism involved in both. In addition, this thesis presents research on the time course of access to local pragmatic enrichment of 'some', which reveals no delay in pragmatic enrichment vis a vis semantic interpretation. Overall, this thesis argues for an integrated Gricean system that allows for scalar phenomena to be explained by two mechanisms, a global inference mechanism and a local enrichment mechanism.
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Sherif, Mohamed Ahmed Mohamed. "Automating Geospatial RDF Dataset Integration and Enrichment." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-215708.
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Over the last years, the Linked Open Data (LOD) has evolved from a mere 12 to more than 10,000 knowledge bases. These knowledge bases come from diverse domains including (but not limited to) publications, life sciences, social networking, government, media, linguistics. Moreover, the LOD cloud also contains a large number of crossdomain knowledge bases such as DBpedia and Yago2. These knowledge bases are commonly managed in a decentralized fashion and contain partly verlapping information. This architectural choice has led to knowledge pertaining to the same domain being published by independent entities in the LOD cloud. For example, information on drugs can be found in Diseasome as well as DBpedia and Drugbank. Furthermore, certain knowledge bases such as DBLP have been published by several bodies, which in turn has lead to duplicated content in the LOD . In addition, large amounts of geo-spatial information have been made available with the growth of heterogeneous Web of Data.
The concurrent publication of knowledge bases containing related information promises to become a phenomenon of increasing importance with the growth of the number of independent data providers. Enabling the joint use of the knowledge bases published by these providers for tasks such as federated queries, cross-ontology question answering and data integration is most commonly tackled by creating links between the resources described within these knowledge bases. Within this thesis, we spur the transition from isolated knowledge bases to enriched Linked Data sets where information can be easily integrated and processed. To achieve this goal, we provide concepts, approaches and use cases that facilitate the integration and enrichment of information with other data types that are already present on the Linked Data Web with a focus on geo-spatial data.
The first challenge that motivates our work is the lack of measures that use the geographic data for linking geo-spatial knowledge bases. This is partly due to the geo-spatial resources being described by the means of vector geometry. In particular, discrepancies in granularity and error measurements across knowledge bases render the selection of appropriate distance measures for geo-spatial resources difficult. We address this challenge by evaluating existing literature for point set measures that can be used to measure the similarity of vector geometries. Then, we present and evaluate the ten measures that we derived from the literature on samples of three real knowledge bases.
The second challenge we address in this thesis is the lack of automatic Link Discovery (LD) approaches capable of dealing with geospatial knowledge bases with missing and erroneous data. To this end, we present Colibri, an unsupervised approach that allows discovering links between knowledge bases while improving the quality of the instance data in these knowledge bases. A Colibri iteration begins by generating links between knowledge bases. Then, the approach makes use of these links to detect resources with probably erroneous or missing information. This erroneous or missing information detected by the approach is finally corrected or added.
The third challenge we address is the lack of scalable LD approaches for tackling big geo-spatial knowledge bases. Thus, we present Deterministic Particle-Swarm Optimization (DPSO), a novel load balancing technique for LD on parallel hardware based on particle-swarm optimization. We combine this approach with the Orchid algorithm for geo-spatial linking and evaluate it on real and artificial data sets. The lack of approaches for automatic updating of links of an evolving knowledge base is our fourth challenge. This challenge is addressed in this thesis by the Wombat algorithm. Wombat is a novel approach for the discovery of links between knowledge bases that relies exclusively on positive examples. Wombat is based on generalisation via an upward refinement operator to traverse the space of Link Specifications (LS). We study the theoretical characteristics of Wombat and evaluate it on different benchmark data sets.
The last challenge addressed herein is the lack of automatic approaches for geo-spatial knowledge base enrichment. Thus, we propose Deer, a supervised learning approach based on a refinement operator for enriching Resource Description Framework (RDF) data sets. We show how we can use exemplary descriptions of enriched resources to generate accurate enrichment pipelines. We evaluate our approach against manually defined enrichment pipelines and show that our approach can learn accurate pipelines even when provided with a small number of training examples.
Each of the proposed approaches is implemented and evaluated against state-of-the-art approaches on real and/or artificial data sets. Moreover, all approaches are peer-reviewed and published in a conference or a journal paper. Throughout this thesis, we detail the ideas, implementation and the evaluation of each of the approaches. Moreover, we discuss each approach and present lessons learned. Finally, we conclude this thesis by presenting a set of possible future extensions and use cases for each of the proposed approaches.
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Morales, Silva Silvia. "A reading enrichment program for gifted adolescent." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/102271.
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This descriptive research examines the performance on reading comprehension of four gifted adolescents participating in a reading enrichment program. This performance is related to the variables associated to the gifted performance following the model developed by Mönks: motivation, creativity, high ability, school, peers and family. Results showed that school does not satisfy the cognitive needs of these students and it does not offer the required social support either. The family provides the main social support. The motivation, creativity, the high level of language and concentration of the participants facilitate learning. The reading program is described by the participants as motivating due to the subject-matters and methodology; furthermore, due to the opportunity to deal with peers who have a similar cognitive level.Esta investigación de nivel descriptivo examina el desempeño en comprensión de lectura de cuatro adolescentes talentosos durante un programa de enriquecimiento en lectura. Este desempeño es relacionado con las variables asociadas a la conducta talentosa, de acuerdo al modelo de Mönks: motivación, creatividad, alta capacidad, escuela, pares y familia. Se encontró que la escuela no satisface las demandas cognitivas ni brinda el soporte social esperado. La familia brinda el soporte social principal. La motivación, la creatividad, el alto nivel de lenguaje y de concentración de los participantes facilitan el aprendizaje. El programa de lectura es descrito por los participantes como motivador debido a los temas y la metodología; además, por la oportunidad del intercambio con pares del mismo nivel cognitivo.
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Forcey, Stefan Andrew. "Loop Spaces and Iterated Higher Dimensional Enrichment." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/11147.
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There is an ongoing massive effort by many researchers to link category theory and geometry, especially homotopy coherence and categorical coherence. This constitutes just a part of the broad undertaking known as categorification as described by Baez and Dolan. This effort has as a partial goal that of understanding the categories and functors that correspond to loop spaces and their associated topological functors. Progress towards this goal has been advanced greatly by the recent work of Balteanu, Fiedorowicz, Schwänzl, and Vogt who show a direct correspondence between k–fold monoidal categories and k–fold loop spaces through the categorical nerve.
This thesis pursues the hints of a categorical delooping that are suggested when enrichment is iterated. At each stage of successive enrichments, the number of monoidal products seems to decrease and the categorical dimension to increase, both by one. This is mirrored by topology. When we consider the loop space of a topological space, we see that paths (or 1–cells) in the original are now points (or objects) in the derived space. There is also automatically a product structure on the points in the derived space, where multiplication is given by concatenation of loops. Delooping is the inverse functor here, and thus involves shifting objects to the status of 1–cells and decreasing the number of ways to multiply.
Enriching over the category of categories enriched over a monoidal category is defined, for the case of symmetric categories, in the paper on A∞–categories by Lyubashenko. It seems that it is a good idea to generalize his definition first to the case of an iterated monoidal base category and then to define V–(n + 1)–categories as categories enriched over V–n–Cat, the (k−n)–fold monoidal strict (n+1)–category of V–n–categories where k
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Smith, Brittany L. "The Benefits and Costs of Environmental Enrichment." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1479815083298321.
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Olsen, Eric R. "Marriage Enrichment: Does it Make a Difference." DigitalCommons@USU, 1986. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/2423.
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The purpose of this study was to determine if participation in a marriage enrichment program had an impact on couple's relationships in the areas of regard, empathy, congruence, dyadic adjustment and self esteem. Seven independent variables were also analyzed to see if they had any impact on the five outcome measures. A survey was given at four different time periods (pretest, immediately before the enrichment experience; posttest, immediately after the enrichment experience; three months following; and six months following the enrichment experience) to determine if change did occur and if it was maintained over time. There was no control group and the experimenta l group had an N of 36 , or 18 couples .
The results showed a significant increase in regard , empathy, congruence, and dyadic adjustment from pretest to posttest. Self esteem increased slightly but not 8t a significant level. From posttest to the three-month followup, regard, empathy, congruence and dyadic adjustment declined significantly and self-esteem increased significantly. From the three-month followup to the six-month followup there was no significant difference indicating a stablizing effect. A~e and dyadic adjustment were significantly related. The older the coup le, the better the mari tal adjustment. (Number of child ren approached significance in explaining level of re~Sar d .) This relationship was negati ve , meaning the l ower the number of the children the higher the level of rega rd. None of the other independent variables had any impact on the outcome measures. Although the mean scores for the five outcome measures signif icantly declined from posttest to six- month followup, they were still hi gher t han pretest mean scores .
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Lo, Karen Aili Liu. "Reading and listening enrichment for ESL students." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1986. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/165.
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Schmidt, Christiane. ""Environmental enrichment" für Laborratten und Labormäuse eine Literaturstudie /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. http://www.diss.fu-berlin.de/2003/239/index.html.
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Limpens, Freddy. "Multi-points of view semantic enrichment of folksonomies." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00530714.
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Cette thèse, au croisement du Web Social et du Web Sémantique, vise à rapprocher folksonomies et représentations structurées de connaissances telles que les thesauri ou les ontologies informatiques. Les folksonomies, résultant de l'usage de plateformes de social tagging, souffrent d'un manque de précision qui les rend difficile à exploiter pour la naviguation. Cette thèse présente notre approche multi-points de vue de l'enrichissement sémantique des folksonomies. L'amorçage est assuré par des traitements automatiques qui permettent d'extraire des relations sémantiques entre tags grâce à la combinaison d'une méthode que nous avons mise au point et analysant les labels de tags, et de méthodes que nous avons adaptées et analysant la structure de folksonomies. Les contributions des utilisateurs sont décrites par notre modèle SRTag supportant les points de vue divergents, et capturées par une interface intégrant à la navigation des fonctionnalités de micro-édition de folksonomie. Les conflits entre points de vue sont détectés et solutionnés par un agent automatique dont les résultats sont ensuite exploités pour aider un utilisateur référent à maintenir une structuration globale et cohérente de la folksonomie, servant en retour pour enrichir chaque point de vue individuel avec les autres contributions tout en garantissant une cohérence locale. Notre méthode permet d'améliorer la navigation dans les systèmes de connaissances à base de tags, mais fournit aussi une base à des thesauri nourris par un processus bottom-up d'acquisition de connaissances.
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Ogura, Tadatoshi. "Cognitive foundations of environmental enrichment for Japanese macaques." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/152038.
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Taskila, S. (Sanna). "Improved enrichment cultivation of selected food-contaminating bacteria." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2010. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514263576.
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Abstract
The aim of this work was to assess and improve the enrichment cultivation of food-contaminating bacteria prior to detection by means of RNA-based sandwich hybridization assay (SHA). The examples of beer-spoiling lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and food-borne Salmonella Typhimurium were selected based on their relevance in Finnish food industry. Also universal challenges affecting on the selection of the enrichment cultivation procedure are discussed, including some potential possibilities for improved enrichment cultivation. The results of this study may therefore be used for the assessment of the efficiency of bacterial cultivation in other applications.
The evaluation of the enrichment cultivation procedures prior to SHA lead to following conclusions: i) the enrichment cultivation procedure is necessary prior to rRNA-based SHA, and it directly influences the accuracy of SHA; ii) the improvement of the enrichment cultivation may allow faster recovery and growth of bacteria; iii) the improved recovery of bacteria can be achieved by reducing environmental stress factors in the enrichment culture; and iv) the growth of bacteria may be accelerated by assuring the selectivity of medium and allowing accessibility to growth factors. Several growth factors were studied by means of full factorial design and response surface modeling. Measured cell densities, as well as predicted lag-times and maximum growth rates in the bacterial cultures were used as responses.
The results show that small shifts in the cultivation conditions extend the lag-time and decrease the growth rate of both LAB and Salmonella. Besides adjusting the temperature and pH, the growth of LAB was facilitated by reducing osmotic and oxidative stresses in the enrichment medium. In this study, a novel enzyme controlled glucose delivery system was used for the first time in the enrichment cultivation of food-contaminating bacteria. The glucose delivery system improved the growth of LAB in single strain cultures and in actual brewing process samples. The recovery of injured Salmonella was also enhanced by using the glucose delivery system together with selective siderophore ferrioxamine E, both in terms of reduced lag-times and increased growth rates. Based on the SHA, the adjusted BPW broth enhanced the molecular detection of heat-injured Salmonella in meat.
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Deshauer, Dorian. "Enrichment-discontinuation designs in psychiatric drug maintenance therapy." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27829.
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Objective. This thesis tests the validity of a randomized controlled trial variant, the enrichment-discontinuation design (also called a randomized discontinuation design) against gold-standard classic RCT's using published trials of psychiatric drug therapy. Methods. A series of systematic reviews were conducted to identify all maintenance trials of mood stabilizers and antidepressants. Planned comparisons between enrichment discontinuation trials and gold standard classic RCT's were conducted. Finally, a sample of research literature was reviewed to identify the extent to which the limits of enrichment discontinuation trials were identified. Results. There was a non-statistically significant trend favoring drugs used in open phases vs classic RCT's. The lack of extended classic RCT's of psychiatric drugs is poorly recognized. Conclusion. Enrichment discontinuation designs dominated the evidence base supporting psychiatric drug maintenance. Bias cannot be ruled out. Limits to the design are poorly recognized in the literature. For further details, refer to the executive summary.
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Paranjape, Mrudula. "Hydrogen enrichment by selective surface flow, SSF, membranes." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/mq20879.pdf.
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Carter, Sally. "Utilization-focused evaluation of a STEM enrichment program." University of Missouri - Columbia, 2013.
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