Academic literature on the topic 'Enneigement – Alpes'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Enneigement – Alpes.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Enneigement – Alpes":
Martini, Audrey. "Télédétection d'un couvert neigeux en milieux alpins à partir de données SAR polarimétriques multi-fréquentielles et multi-temporelles." Rennes 1, 2005. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00133805.
Longépé, Nicolas. "Apport de l’imagerie SAR satellitaire en bandes L et C pour la caractérisation du couvert neigeux." Rennes 1, 2008. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00367960.
This thesis concerns snow remote sensing using spaceborne SAR imagery at L- and C-Bands. An electromagnetic (EM) backscattering model is developed to calculate radar backscatter from snow cover. This model takes into consideration both the vertical snowpack structure and the metamorphosis state of each snow layer. It is validated using in situ snow profiles and SAR data simultaneously acquired by the ASAR/ENVISAT sensor in 2004. The main contribution of this study consists in the combination of dual-polarization SAR data with the meteorological Crocus model developed by Météo-France. To characterize the variability of alpine snowpack, Crocus snow profiles are spatially reorganized by minimizing the difference between simulated and measured C-Band SAR data. Snow characteristics maps have been created at SAR resolution level for the French massifs ``Grandes Rousses'' and ``Oisans''. The potential of polarimetric L-Band SAR data for snow characterization is investigated in rural areas. A classification method based on Support Vector Machine techniques is developed and evaluated with SAR data acquired by the PALSAR/ALOS sensor
Monteiro, Diego. "Caractérisation et modélisation de l'évolution des conditions météorologiques et d'enneigement dans les Alpes européennes." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Toulouse (2023-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024TLSEP042.
Mountain regions are unique, and particularly sensitive to changes in climate conditions. Under the influence of climate change, these regions have already undergone important modifications of their snow-meteorological conditions, resulting in higher temperatures and a decline in snow cover at low and intermediate elevations. These past trends are expected to continue in the future. In this context, the quantification of past and future climate conditions is proving to be the foundation for the development of in-depth knowledge concerning climate impacts and risks for human societies and ecosystems. Due to their geographical characteristics, mountain regions present numerous challenges for characterizing their climate and its evolution. The observation networks that provide the main material for studies of past climate in the European Alps are sparse, or even virtually non-existent above 3000 m altitude, both historically and currently. Furthermore, the horizontal resolution of the regional climate models used until recently (of the order of 10 km), limits their ability to represent past and future changes in the mountain snowpack and its main explanatory variables, temperature and precipitation. In the first part, this thesis evaluates the ability of global and regional reanalyses (ERA5, ERA5-Land, MESCAN-SURFEX, CERRA-Land) and regional climate simulations (CNRM-ALADIN, CNRM-AROME) to represent snow-meteorological conditions over recent decades in the European Alps. While winter temperature, precipitation and snow depth climatologies are well simulated in ERA5, MESCAN-SURFEX and CERRA-Land, we highlight several artifacts responsible for incorrect climate trends. Conversely, despite strong overestimations of snow accumulation in ERA5-Land, CNRM-ALADIN and CNRM-AROME, the latter provide past trends consistent with the literature. Finally, we show that no single modeling strategy outperforms all others within our sample, and that upstream choices have important consequences for the quality and use that can be made of the datasets produced. We then explore the potential of new high horizontal resolution (2.5 km) regional climate simulations performed with the CNRM-AROME model to provide robust climate information on past and future snow and meteorological conditions in the French Alps. Although the simulations carried out with CNRM-AROME offer several advantages over the outputs of coarser-resolution regional climate models, namely temperature and precipitation fields closer to observational references, their evaluation highlights biases in snow cover, limiting its potential. These biases, also present in the results of the AROME model used for numerical weather prediction, have multiple causes, involving atmospheric processes and their influence on the surface, in addition to deficiencies in the surface model itself. In a final section, we present improved configurations of the SURFEX-ISBA continental surface model used in CNRM-AROME, evaluated using coupled simulations covering the two winters of 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 in the European Alps. Our results show an improvement in the model's performance compared with the default version, thanks not only to improved model components but also to a better representation of the influence of the snowpack on the energy balance. These results open up prospects for the use of such configurations in climate simulations and numerical weather prediction with AROME
Martin, Éric. "Modélisation de la climatologie nivale des Alpes françaises. Application des techniques de régionalisation à l'étude de l'impact d'un changement climatique sur l'enneigement." Toulouse 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU30262.
Carlson, Bradley. "Compréhension des patrons spatiaux de diversité et de productivité chez les plantes alpines : application de l'imagerie à haute résolution dans les Alpes françaises." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAV057/document.
The central aim of this thesis is to contribute to current understanding of environmental drivers of plant diversity and productivity as well as of recent changes in vegetation structure in a temperate alpine context, the French Alps. My approach draws on methods from remote sensing and plant ecology by combining plot-based measures of plant diversity and climate data with high-resolution imagery. Chapter I demonstrates the importance of quantifying snow cover duration for predicting patterns of plant taxonomic and functional diversity, and also highlights the ongoing challenge of modeling spatial gross primary productivity dynamics in alpine landscapes. In Chapter II, I explore the utility of satellite imagery for quantifying environmental conditions experienced by alpine plant communities, and further show how metrics of snow cover duration and peak productivity can be used to differentiate habitat for dominant alpine plant communities. I also explore how functional diversity mediates NDVI responses to highly contrasting snow years. Chapter III provides new evidence of recent shifts occurring in high-elevation plant communities in the French Alps in response to climate and land-use change. Analysis of the forest-grassland ecotone in the Vercors Regional Park shows a strong dynamic of forest expansion in response to overall climate warming and local shifts in grazing-related land-use practices, which supports findings from other studies conducted elsewhere in the Alps and Pyrenees. In the second part of Chapter III, for the first time I present evidence of greening dynamics in a protected area of the French Alps, the Ecrins National Park. I propose that a decrease in snow cover duration and pronounced warming occurring in the 1980s likely contributed to increased canopy productivity in high alpine contexts, and are driving long-term greening in the absence of land-use change. Taken collectively, rather than pushing a specific aspect alpine ecology forward, my work helps to fill out our working knowledge of alpine plant communities and serves to solidify a number of field-based observations by carrying out robust spatial analyses
Guily, Louis. "L'exploitation technique des pistes de ski alpin dans le domaine skiable francais." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991GRE19031.
Our researches have for object to understand the reactions of the mantle of snow when is prepared by grooming machines and used by skiers. Our research about snow end to count, describe and quantify the caracteristic reactions of conditions and life of the blanket of snow when transformed into a sliding place dedicated to high traffic of skiers. Analysis and results of the technical conditions of constructing ski slopes helped us to develop the first system of snow management and work at courchevel's ski resort. During winter 86-87 the valuation of our system carried by courchevel to prepare and maintain the slopes show an increase of prepared surfaces and an improvement of quality of slopes offered to skiers
Spandre, Pierre. "Observation et modélisation des interactions entre conditions d'enneigement et activité des stations de sports d'hiver dans les Alpes françaises." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAU034/document.
The industrial activity of ski resorts is based upon multiple concerns including social, economic, environmental and climatic issues which ski resorts stakeholders have to cope with.In the early 1990's ski resorts experienced several consecutive seasons with poor snow conditions in the European Alps when climate and environmental questions were discussed as a global concern after the United Nations held their first international conferences on climate change. This raised the interest of ski resorts stakeholders and representatives of host communities for reliable and relevant indicators of climate induced impacts on snow conditions and on the related economic activity of ski resorts.This research focused on the role played by ski resorts operators in crossing socio-economic concerns with meteorological and snow concerns, to provide a modelling approach of dynamics and interactions between snow conditions (variability, low predictability) and human activities (defined by purposes and means). The objectives pursued by operators, the means they employ (grooming, snowmaking) and constraints they face (meteorological, structural or organization issues) have been investigated through a survey of 55 French ski resorts and frequent discussions with four partner ski resorts (Tignes, Autrans, Les Deux Alpes, Chamrousse). A physically based modelling approach of the impact of grooming and snowmaking on snow properties was integrated in a snowpack model and evaluated with respect to field observations in the four partner ski resorts over two consecutive winter seasons. This was crossed with a socio economic database of ski resorts to provide an explicit spatial modelling of managed snow conditions on ski slopes for the entire French Alps ski resorts. This method was applied for the 1958 - 2014 period and snow indicators were defined and computed, revealing a significant correlation of snow reliability indicators with economic data on ski resorts. This approach therefore proved its ability to provide relevant indicators of snow conditions in ski resorts with respect to economic implications and may be used for further prospective investigations of evolutions of facilities and/or climate change impacts on snow conditions and the related economy of the ski industry
Veysseyre, Audrey. "Dépôts de métaux lourds sur le manteau neigeux alpin français : cartographie de flux et identification des sources ; impact de la météorologie et du relief." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00761372.