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Journal articles on the topic 'Enhanced measurement'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 14 March 2023

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1

Iouchtchenko, Dmitri, Jérôme F. Gonthier, Alejandro Perdomo-Ortiz, and Roger G. Melko. "Neural network enhanced measurement efficiency for molecular groundstates." Machine Learning: Science and Technology 4, no. 1 (February 9, 2023): 015016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2632-2153/acb4df.

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Abstract It is believed that one of the first useful applications for a quantum computer will be the preparation of groundstates of molecular Hamiltonians. A crucial task involving state preparation and readout is obtaining physical observables of such states, which are typically estimated using projective measurements on the qubits. At present, measurement data is costly and time-consuming to obtain on any quantum computing architecture, which has significant consequences for the statistical errors of estimators. In this paper, we adapt common neural network models (restricted Boltzmann machines and recurrent neural networks) to learn complex groundstate wavefunctions for several prototypical molecular qubit Hamiltonians from typical measurement data. By relating the accuracy ɛ of the reconstructed groundstate energy to the number of measurements, we find that using a neural network model provides a robust improvement over using single-copy measurement outcomes alone to reconstruct observables. This enhancement yields an asymptotic scaling near ɛ −1 for the model-based approaches, as opposed to ɛ −2 in the case of classical shadow tomography.

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2

Ju Aisong, 句爱松, 侯文玫 Hou Wenmei, 杨卫 Yang Wei, 罗佳林 Luo Jialin, and 柯有龙 Ke Youlong. "Enhanced Roll-Angle Measurement Interferomerter." Chinese Journal of Lasers 42, no. 7 (2015): 0708001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/cjl201542.0708001.

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3

Jiang, Hong. "Sensitivity enhanced roll angle measurement." Optical Engineering 39, no. 2 (February 1, 2000): 516. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.602390.

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4

Ju, Aisong, Wenmei Hou, and Yanfen Le. "Enhanced roll-angle measurement interferometer." Optical Engineering 54, no. 3 (March 2, 2015): 034101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.oe.54.3.034101.

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5

Grübl, Gebhard. "The quantum measurement problem enhanced." Physics Letters A 316, no. 3-4 (September 2003): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0375-9601(03)01098-3.

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6

Tomlinson, K., C. T. Seagle, H. Huang, G. E. Smith, J. L. Taylor, and R. R. Paguio. "Enhanced Dual Confocal Measurement System." Fusion Science and Technology 73, no. 2 (November 29, 2017): 139–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15361055.2017.1387449.

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7

Müller de Almeida, S. F., and J. S. Hansen. "Enhanced measurement of strain distributions." Experimental Mechanics 38, no. 1 (March 1998): 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02321267.

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8

Shupeng Liu, Shupeng Liu, Lianxin Li Lianxin Li, Zhenyi Chen Zhenyi Chen, Na Chen Na Chen, Zhangmin Dai Zhangmin Dai, Jing Huang Jing Huang, and Bo Lu Bo Lu. "Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy measurement of cancerous cells with optical fiber sensor." Chinese Optics Letters 12, s1 (2014): S13001–313003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201412.s13001.

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9

Qu, Zhi, Yaqiong Xing, and Yafei Song. "An Image Enhancement Method Based on Non-Subsampled Shearlet Transform and Directional Information Measurement." Information 9, no. 12 (December 6, 2018): 308. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info9120308.

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Based on the advantages of a non-subsampled shearlet transform (NSST) in image processing and the characteristics of remote sensing imagery, NSST was applied to enhance blurred images. In the NSST transform domain, directional information measurement can highlight textural features of an image edge and reduce image noise. Therefore, NSST was applied to the detailed enhancement of high-frequency sub-band coefficients. Based on the characteristics of a low-frequency image, the retinex method was used to enhance low-frequency images. Then, an NSST inverse transformation was performed on the enhanced low- and high-frequency coefficients to obtain an enhanced image. Computer simulation experiments showed that when compared with a traditional image enhancement strategy, the method proposed in this paper can enrich the details of the image and enhance the visual effect of the image. Compared with other algorithms listed in this paper, the brightness, contrast, edge strength, and information entropy of the enhanced image by this method are improved. In addition, in the experiment of noisy images, various objective evaluation indices show that the method in this paper enhances the image with the least noise information, which further indicates that the method can suppress noise while improving the image quality, and has a certain level of effectiveness and practicability.

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10

Akmal, M., V. Carrubba, J. Lees, J. Benedikt, and P. Tasker. "An Enhanced Modulated Waveform Measurement System." Australian Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering 9, no. 4 (January 2012): 429–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1448837x.2012.11464348.

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11

Motta, Ricardo S. N., Ralf Schmedt, and Luiz E. Souza. "Enhanced pulverized coal mass flow measurement." Flow Measurement and Instrumentation 22, no. 4 (August 2011): 303–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2011.04.001.

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12

Kim, S. W., F. J. McGarry, and C. K. Riew. "Enhanced polycarbonate toughness. I: Measurement methodology." Polymer Engineering and Science 35, no. 6 (March 1995): 471–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760350603.

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13

Park, Seung Hyo, Sa Yong Chong, Hyung June Kim, and Taek Lyul Song. "Adaptive Estimation of Spatial Clutter Measurement Density Using Clutter Measurement Probability for Enhanced Multi-Target Tracking." Sensors 20, no. 1 (December 23, 2019): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20010114.

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The point detections obtained from radars or sonars in surveillance environments include clutter measurements, as well as target measurements. Target tracking with these data requires data association, which distinguishes the detections from targets and clutter. Various algorithms have been proposed for clutter measurement density estimation to achieve accurate and robust target tracking with the point detections. Among them, the spatial clutter measurement density estimator (SCMDE) computes the sparsity of clutter measurement, which is the reciprocal of the clutter measurement density. The SCMDE considers all adjacent measurements only as clutter, so the estimated clutter measurement density is biased for multi-target tracking applications, which may result in degraded target tracking performance. Through the study in this paper, a major source of tracking performance degradation with the existing SCMDE for multi-target tracking is analyzed, and the use of the clutter measurement probability is proposed as a remedy. It is also found that the expansion of the volume of the hyper-sphere for each sparsity order reduces the bias of clutter measurement density estimates. Based on the analysis, we propose a new adaptive clutter measurement density estimation method called SCMDE for multi-target tracking (MTT-SCMDE). The proposed method is applied to multi-target tracking, and the improvement of multi-target tracking performance is shown by a series of Monte Carlo simulation runs and a real radar data test. The clutter measurement density estimation performance and target tracking performance are also analyzed for various sparsity orders.

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14

Pollard, Mark R., Katia Sparnacci, Lars J. Wacker, and Hugo Kerdoncuff. "Polymer Nanoparticle Identification and Concentration Measurement Using Fiber-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy." Chemosensors 8, no. 1 (March 14, 2020): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors8010021.

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We present a measurement technique for chemical identification and concentration measurement of polymer nanoparticles in aqueous solution, which is achieved using Raman spectroscopy. This work delivers an improvement in measurement sensitivity of 40 times over conventional Raman measurements in cuvettes by loading polymer nanoparticles into the hollow core of a microstructured optical fiber. We apply this “fiber-enhanced” system to measure the concentration of two separate samples of polystyrene particles (diameters of 60 nm and 120 nm respectively) with concentrations in the range from 0.07 to 0.5 mg/mL. The nanoliter volume formed by the fiber presents unique experimental conditions where nanoparticles are confined within the fiber core and prevented from diffusing outside the incident electromagnetic field, thereby enhancing their interaction. Our results suggest an upper limit on the size of particle that can be measured using the hollow-core photonic crystal fiber, as the increasing angular distribution of scattered light with particle size exceeds the acceptance angle of the liquid-filled fiber. We investigate parameters such as the fiber filling rate and optical properties of the filled fiber, with the aim to deliver repeatable and quantifiable measurements. This study thereby aids the on-going process to create compact systems that can be integrated into nanoparticle production settings for in-line measurements.

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15

Roy, N., P. Vangla, J. D. Frost, and G. M. Latha. "An Enhanced Automated Particle Angularity Measurement Method." Journal of Testing and Evaluation 50, no. 2 (September 14, 2021): 20210048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/jte20210048.

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16

Bocquet, M., C. Loyez, and A. Benlarbi-Delai. "Using enhanced-TDOA measurement for indoor positioning." IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters 15, no. 10 (October 2005): 612–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lmwc.2005.855392.

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17

Bason, Mark G., Robert Heck, Mario Napolitano, Ottó Elíasson, Romain Müller, Aske Thorsen, Wen-Zhuo Zhang, Jan J. Arlt, and Jacob F. Sherson. "Measurement-enhanced determination of BEC phase transitions." Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics 51, no. 17 (August 6, 2018): 175301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6455/aad447.

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18

Schrope, B. "Contrast-enhanced second harmonic blood perfusion measurement." Ultrasonic Imaging 14, no. 2 (April 1992): 201–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0161-7346(92)90040-3.

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19

Lee, S. K., and P. R. White. "Two-Stage Adaptive Line Enhancer and Sliced Wigner Trispectrum for the Characterization of Faults from Gear Box Vibration Data." Journal of Vibration and Acoustics 121, no. 4 (October 1, 1999): 488–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2894007.

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Impulsive sound and vibration signals in gears are often associated with faults which result from impacting and as such these impulsive signals can be used as indicators of faults. However it is often difficult to make objective measurements of impulsive signals because of background noise signals. In order to ease the measurement of impulsive sounds embedded in background noise, it is proposed that the impulsive signals are enhanced, via a two stage ALE (Adaptive Line Enhancer), and that these enhanced signals are then analyzed in the time and frequency domains using a Wigner higher order time-frequency representation. The effectiveness of this technique is demonstrated by application to gear fault data.

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20

Thalman, Ryan, Nitish Bhardwaj, Callum E. Flowerday, and Jaron C. Hansen. "Detection of Sulfur Dioxide by Broadband Cavity-Enhanced Absorption Spectroscopy (BBCEAS)." Sensors 22, no. 7 (March 29, 2022): 2626. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22072626.

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Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is an important precursor for the formation of atmospheric sulfate aerosol and acid rain. We present an instrument using Broadband Cavity-Enhanced Absorption Spectroscopy (BBCEAS) for the measurement of SO2 with a minimum limit of detection of 0.75 ppbv (3-σ) using the spectral range 305.5–312 nm and an averaging time of 5 min. The instrument consists of high-reflectivity mirrors (0.9985 at 310 nm) and a deep UV light source (Light Emitting Diode). The effective absorption path length of the instrument is 610 m with a 0.966 m base length. Published reference absorption cross sections were used to fit and retrieve the SO2 concentrations and were compared to fluorescence standard measurements for SO2. The comparison was well correlated, R2 = 0.9998 with a correlation slope of 1.04. Interferences for fluorescence measurements were tested and the BBCEAS showed no interference, while ambient measurements responded similarly to standard measurement techniques.

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21

KOTARSKI, MATEUSZ M., and JANUSZ M. SMULKO. "HAZARDOUS GASES DETECTION BY FLUCTUATION-ENHANCED GAS SENSING." Fluctuation and Noise Letters 09, no. 04 (December 2010): 359–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219477510000277.

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Gas sensing can be enhanced by observing resistance fluctuations in Taguchi Gas Sensors. Unfortunately, fluctuation measurements need advanced measurement setups. This paper presents a possibility of fluctuation-enhanced gas sensing that can be utilized in a simplified and cheap gas sensing system. A detailed study has been conducted for two hazardous gases: ammonia ( NH3 ) and hydrogen sulfide ( H2S ) using TGS 826 and TGS 825 resistance sensors. The research was focused on practical application of gas detection by resistance fluctuations for the selected harmful gases. Repeatability of noise measurements was investigated to establish rules for most reliable gas detection by a single gas sensor.

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22

Yang, Yan, and Boseon Kang. "Enhanced measurement capability of a digital particle holographic system for flow field measurements." Flow Measurement and Instrumentation 22, no. 5 (October 2011): 461–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2011.07.001.

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23

Liu Li, 刘力, 朱佩平 Zhu Peiping, 舒航 Shu Hang, and 张凯 Zhang Kai. "Quantitative Measurement in X-Ray Diffraction Enhanced Imaging." Acta Optica Sinica 28, no. 8 (2008): 1492–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/aos20082808.1492.

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24

Karhu, Juho, Joel Kuula, Aki Virkkula, Hilkka Timonen, Markku Vainio, and Tuomas Hieta. "Cantilever-enhanced photoacoustic measurement of light-absorbing aerosols." Aerosol Science and Technology 56, no. 1 (November 17, 2021): 92–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2021.1998338.

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25

Abu Khater, Mohammad, and Dimitrios Peroulis. "Dual-Band Dual-Mode Filter-Enhanced Linearity Measurement." IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters 31, no. 9 (September 2021): 1083–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lmwc.2021.3098655.

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26

Huang, Donghui, and Sally A. Amero. "Measurement of Antigen by Enhanced Chemiluminescent Western Blot." BioTechniques 22, no. 3 (March 1997): 454–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2144/97223bm18.

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27

Tougaw, D. "Agilent's mixed-signal oscilloscopes provide enhanced measurement capabilities." Computing in Science and Engineering 3, no. 3 (May 2001): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcise.2001.919260.

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28

McIntyre, Gregory A. "Sensor measurement scheduling: an enhanced dynamic, preemptive algorithm." Optical Engineering 37, no. 2 (February 1, 1998): 517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.601640.

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29

Kiss, Miklos Z., Dale E. Sayers, and Zhong Zhong. "Measurement of image contrast using diffraction enhanced imaging." Physics in Medicine and Biology 48, no. 3 (January 15, 2003): 325–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/48/3/304.

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30

Jian Chen and A. Abur. "Enhanced Topology Error Processing via Optimal Measurement Design." IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 23, no. 3 (August 2008): 845–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpwrs.2008.926083.

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31

Ozeki, Yasuyuki, Yu Miyawaki, and Yoshitaka Taguchi. "Quantum-enhanced balanced detection for ultrasensitive transmission measurement." Journal of the Optical Society of America B 37, no. 11 (October 13, 2020): 3288. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josab.403222.

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32

Santos, S. P., V. Belton, and S. Howick. "Enhanced performance measurement using OR: a case study." Journal of the Operational Research Society 59, no. 6 (June 2008): 762–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jors.2602397.

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33

Leavitt, Dennis D., and Eric Klein. "Dosimetry measurement tools for commissioning Enhanced Dynamic Wedge." Medical Dosimetry 22, no. 3 (September 1997): 171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0958-3947(97)00014-9.

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34

Desplats, Romain, Bruno Benteo, and Philippe Perdu. "FIB voltage contrast measurement for enhanced circuit repairs." Microelectronics Reliability 39, no. 6-7 (June 1999): 1003–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0026-2714(99)00138-9.

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35

Coulam, Curtis H., Donna M. Bouley, and F. Graham Sommer. "Measurement of renal volumes with contrast-enhanced MRI." Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging 15, no. 2 (January 31, 2002): 174–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmri.10058.

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36

Werner, Andrzej. "Method for Enhanced Accuracy in Machining Free-Form Surfaces on CNC Milling Machines." Acta Mechanica et Automatica 16, no. 2 (March 16, 2022): 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ama-2022-0013.

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Abstract The present article describes a method for enhanced accuracy in machining free-form surfaces produced on CNC milling machines. In this method, surface patch machining programs are generated based on their nominal CAD model. After the pretreatment, coordinate control measurements are carried out. The obtained results of the measurements contain information on the values and distribution of observed machining deviations. These data, after appropriate processing, are used to build a corrected CAD model of the surface produced. This model, made using reverse engineering techniques, compensates for the observed machining deviations. After regeneration of machining programs, the object processing and control measurements are repeated. As a result of the conducted procedure, the accuracy of the manufacture of the surface object is increased. This article also proposes the introduction of a simple procedure for the filtration of measurement data. Its purpose is to minimise the effect of random phenomena on the final machining error correction. The final part of the article presents the effects of the proposed method of increasing the accuracy of manufacturing on ‘raw’ and filtered measurement data. In both cases, a significant improvement in the accuracy of the machining process was achieved, with better final results obtained from the filtered measurement data. The method proposed in the article has been verified for three-axis machining with a ball-end cutter.

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37

Zhao, W., X. Xu, M. Dong, W. Chen, X. Gu, C. Hu, Y. Huang, X. Gao, W. Huang, and W. Zhang. "Development of a cavity enhanced aerosol albedometer." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions 7, no. 3 (March 26, 2014): 2981–3019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amtd-7-2981-2014.

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Abstract. We report on the development of a cavity enhanced aerosol single scattering albedometer incorporating incoherent broad-band cavity-enhanced spectroscopy (IBBCEAS) approach and an integrating sphere (IS) for simultaneous in situ measurements of aerosol scattering and extinction coefficients in the exact same sample volume. The cavity enhanced albedometer employed a blue light-emitting diode (LED) based IBBCEAS approach for the measurement of wavelength-resolved aerosol optical extinction over the spectral range of 445–480 nm. An integrating sphere nephelometer coupled to the IBBCEAS setup was used for the measurement of aerosol scattering. The scattering signal was measured with a single channel photomultiplier tube (PMT), providing an integrated value over a narrow bandwidth (FWHM ~ 9 nm) in the spectral region of 465–474 nm. A scattering coefficient at a wavelength of 470 nm was deduced as an averaged scattering value and used for data analysis and instrumental performance comparison. Performance evaluation of the albedometer was carried out using laboratory-generated particles and ambient aerosol. The scattering and extinction measurements of monodisperse polystyrene latex (PSL) spheres generated in laboratory proved excellent correlation between two channels of the albedometer. The retrieved refractive index (RI) from the measured scattering and extinction efficiencies agreed well with the values reported in previously published papers. Aerosol light scattering and extinction coefficients, single scattering albedo (SSA) and NO2 concentrations in an ambient sample were directly and simultaneously measured using the developed albedometer. The developed instrument was validated via an intercomparison of the measured aerosol scattering coefficient and NO2 trace concentration against a TSI 3563 integrating nephelometer and a chemiluminescence detector, respectively.

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38

Li, Yan–Ling, Dong–Mei Wei, Chuan–Jin Zu, and Xing Xiao. "Enhanced Superdense Coding Over Correlated Amplitude Damping Channel." Entropy 21, no. 6 (June 16, 2019): 598. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e21060598.

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Quantum channels with correlated effects are realistic scenarios for the study of noisy quantum communication when the channels are consecutively used. In this paper, superdense coding is reexamined under a correlated amplitude damping (CAD) channel. Two techniques named as weak measurement and environment-assisted measurement are utilized to enhance the capacity of superdense coding. The results show that both of them enable us to battle against the CAD decoherence and improve the capacity with a certain probability. Remarkably, the scheme of environment-assisted measurement always outperforms the scheme of weak measurement in both improving the capacity and successful probability. These notable superiorities could be attributed to the fact that environment-assisted measurement can extract additional information from the environment and thus it performs much better.

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39

Schuler, Alexander, Albert Weckenmann, and Tino Hausotte. "Enhanced measurement of high aspect ratio surfaces by applied sensor tilting." ACTA IMEKO 3, no. 3 (September 23, 2014): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21014/acta_imeko.v3i3.124.

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During tactile surface measurements the contact point between probing tip and surface varies depending on the local surface angle. To reduce the resulting measurement deviation on high slopes a probing principle is investigated that applies a dynamic surface dependent sensor tilt. This probing process and the logics for the angle determination have been evaluated by simulation. A test stand based on a nanometer coordinate measuring machine is developed and fitted with a rotation kinematic based on stacked rotary axes. Systematic positioning deviations of the kinematic are reduced by a compensation field. The test stand has been completed and results are presented.

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40

Gomez, A. L., and E. P. Rosen. "Fast response cavity enhanced ozone monitor." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 6, no. 2 (February 27, 2013): 487–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-6-487-2013.

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Abstract. Ozone is an important atmospheric gas due to its role in air quality and radiative forcing. A new method for sensitive, rapid monitoring of ambient ozone has been developed using a compact platform and relatively inexpensive components. Based on incoherent broadband cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy (IBB-CEAS), the device utilizes an optical cavity of just 14.5 cm and 99.3% reflective mirrors. Performance of the instrument has been validated against direct absorption measurements in a single-pass measurement cell. Currently, the IBB-CEAS ozone instrument can achieve ∼1 ppb sensitivities at 0.1 s integration time with a dynamic range over four orders of magnitude, accessing relevant ozone concentrations in both the stratosphere and troposphere. This new device offers improved sensitivity and time response for mapping ozone aboard airborne platforms.

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41

Gomez, A. L., and E. P. Rosen. "Fast response cavity enhanced ozone monitor." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions 5, no. 5 (September 26, 2012): 7223–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amtd-5-7223-2012.

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Abstract. Ozone is an important atmospheric gas due to its role in air quality and radiative forcing. A new method for sensitive, rapid monitoring of ambient ozone has been developed using a compact platform and relatively inexpensive components. Based on Incoherent Broadband Cavity Enhanced Absorption Spectroscopy (IBB-CEAS), the device utilizes an optical cavity of just 14.5 cm and moderately high reflectivity mirrors (R = 99.3%). Performance of the instrument has been validated against direct absorption measurements in a single-pass measurement cell. Currently, the IBB-CEAS ozone instrument can achieve 1 ppb sensitivities at 0.1 s integration time with a dynamic range over four orders of magnitude, accessing relevant ozone concentrations in both the stratosphere and troposphere. This new device offers improved sensitivity and time response for mapping ozone aboard airborne platforms.

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42

Zhao, W., X. Xu, M. Dong, W. Chen, X. Gu, C. Hu, Y. Huang, X. Gao, W. Huang, and W. Zhang. "Development of a cavity-enhanced aerosol albedometer." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 7, no. 8 (August 18, 2014): 2551–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-7-2551-2014.

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Abstract. We report on the development of a cavity-enhanced aerosol single-scattering albedometer based on incoherent broadband cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy (IBBCEAS) combined with an integrating sphere (IS) for simultaneous in situ measurements of aerosol scattering and extinction coefficients in an exact same sample volume. The cavity-enhanced albedometer employed a blue light-emitting-diode (LED)-based IBBCEAS approach for the measurement of wavelength-resolved aerosol optical extinction over the spectral range of 445–480 nm and an integrating sphere nephelometer coupled to the IBBCEAS setup for the measurement of aerosol scattering. The scattering signal was measured with a single-channel photomultiplier tube (PMT), providing an averaged value over a narrow bandwidth (full-width at half-maximum, FWHM, ~ 9 nm) in the spectral region of 465–474 nm. A scattering coefficient at a wavelength of 470 nm was deduced as an averaged scattering value over the spectral region of 465–474 nm and used for data analysis and instrumental performance comparison. Performance evaluation of the albedometer was carried out using laboratory-generated particles and ambient aerosol. The scattering and extinction measurements of monodisperse polystyrene latex (PSL) spheres generated in the laboratory proved excellent correlation between two channels of the albedometer. The retrieved refractive index (RI) of the PSL particles from the measured scattering and extinction efficiencies agreed well with the values reported in previously published papers. Aerosol light scattering and extinction coefficients, single-scattering albedo (SSA) and NO2 concentrations in an ambient sample were directly and simultaneously measured using the albedometer developed. The instrument developed was validated via an intercomparison of the measured aerosol scattering coefficients and NO2 trace gas concentrations to a TSI 3563 integrating nephelometer and a chemiluminescence detector, respectively.

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43

Wang, L., Y. G. Li, M. F. Abdul Ghafir, and A. Swingler. "A Rough Set-based gas turbine fault classification approach using enhanced fault signatures." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 225, no. 8 (September 23, 2011): 1052–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957650911416913.

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Gas turbine engine health management has become more and more important because of its ability to optimize the total gas turbine operation. Gas path fault classification is one of the most important techniques in gas turbine engine health management. In this article, a Rough Set-based gas turbine fault classification approach is introduced to enhance gas turbine engine health management by taking its advantages in selecting appropriate measurements for fault classification and dealing with uncertainties caused by measurement noise. In the approach, a Rough Set-based knowledge discovery tool is used to find the knowledge hidden in fault samples, and transfer the knowledge into rules representing the logical relationship between the faults and the fault signatures. Such rules can then be used by the Rough Set diagnostic approach to classify faults. Enhanced fault signatures, represented by the measurement deviations and their ranking pattern in terms of their magnitude, are used to make the diagnostic approach more effective. The Rough Set-based diagnostic approach was applied to a model two-spool turbofan gas turbine engine for the classification of single- and dual-component faults. The results show that such Rough Set-based diagnostic approach is able to classify complex-component faults accurately in the presence of measurement noise.

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44

Tosi, Daniele, Massimo Olivero, Alberto Vallan, and Guido Perrone. "Signal Processing Enhanced Fiber Vibration Sensors." Key Engineering Materials 543 (March 2013): 302–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.543.302.

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The paper analyzes the feasibility of cost-effective fiber sensors for the measurement of small vibrations, from low to medium-high frequencies, in which the complexity of the measurement is moved from expensive optics to cheap electronics without losing too much performance thanks to signal processing algorithms. Two optical approaches are considered: Bragg gratings in standard telecom fibers, which represent the most common type of commercial fiber sensors, and specifically developed sensors made with plastic optical fibers. In both cases, to keep the overall cost low, vibrations are converted into variations of the light intensity, although this makes the received signal more sensitive to noise. Then, adaptive filters and advanced spectral estimation techniques are used to mitigate noise and improve the sensitivity. Preliminary results have demonstrated that the combined effect of these techniques can yield to a signal-to-noise improvement of about 30 dB, bringing the proposed approaches to the level of the most performing sensors for the measurement of vibrations.

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EL Farash, A., A. EL Sherbini, O. Helal, and Ashraf El-Sherif. "Measurement of enhanced emission from Titanium using nano-enhanced laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (NELIBS)." International Conference on Mathematics and Engineering Physics 9, no. 6 (April 1, 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/icmep.2018.29604.

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Ortolano, Giuseppe, Ivano Ruo-Berchera, and Enrico Predazzi. "Quantum enhanced imaging of nonuniform refractive profiles." International Journal of Quantum Information 17, no. 08 (December 2019): 1941010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219749919410107.

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In this work, quantum metrology techniques are applied to the imaging of objects with a nonuniform refractive spatial profile. A sensible improvement on the classical accuracy is shown to be found when the “Twin Beam (TWB) State” is used. In particular, exploiting the multimode spatial correlation, naturally produced in the Parametric Down Conversion (PDC) process, allows a 2D reconstruction of complex spatial profiles, thus enabling an enhanced imaging. The idea is to use one of the spatially multimode beams to probe the sample and the other as a reference to reduce the noise. A similar model can also be used to describe wave front distortion measurements. The model is meant to be followed by a first experimental demonstration of such enhanced measurement scheme.

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Jenny, Jason R., D. P. Malta, V. T. Tsvetkov, Mrinal K. Das, H. McD. Hobgood, and Calvin H. Carter Jr. "Enhanced Carrier Lifetime in Bulk-Grown 4H-SiC Substrates." Materials Science Forum 527-529 (October 2006): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.527-529.31.

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To devise a means of circumventing the cost of thick SiC epitaxy to generate drift layers in PiN diodes for >10kV operation, we have endeavored to enhance the minority carrier lifetimes in bulk-grown substrates. In this paper, we discuss the results of a process that has been developed to enhance minority carrier lifetimes to in excess of 30 μs in bulk-grown 4H-SiC substrates. Measurement of lifetimes was principally conducted using microwave-photoconductive decay (MPCD). Confirmation of the MPCD lifetime result was obtained by electron beam induced current (EBIC) measurements. Additionally, deep level transient spectroscopic analysis of samples subjected to this process suggests that a significant reduction of deep level defects in general and of Z1/Z2, specifically, may account for the significantly enhanced lifetimes. Finally, a study of operational performance in devices employing drift layers fabricated from substrates produced by this process confirmed ambipolar lifetimes in the microsecond range.

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Colombo, Simone, Edwin Pedrozo-Peñafiel, and Vladan Vuletić. "Entanglement-enhanced optical atomic clocks." Applied Physics Letters 121, no. 21 (November 21, 2022): 210502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0121372.

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Recent developments in atomic physics have enabled the experimental generation of many-body entangled states to boost the performance of quantum sensors beyond the Standard Quantum Limit (SQL). This limit is imposed by the inherent projection noise of a quantum measurement. In this Perspective article, we describe the commonly used experimental methods to create many-body entangled states to operate quantum sensors beyond the SQL. In particular, we focus on the potential of applying quantum entanglement to state-of-the-art optical atomic clocks. In addition, we present recently developed time-reversal protocols that make use of complex states with high quantum Fisher information without requiring sub-SQL measurement resolution. We discuss the prospects for reaching near-Heisenberg limited quantum metrology based on such protocols.

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Kaneko, S., D. Murai, Sh Fujii, and M. Kiguchi. "Surface enhanced Raman scattering of single 1,4-Benzenedithiol molecular junction." International Journal of Modern Physics B 30, no. 13 (May 19, 2016): 1642010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979216420108.

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Here, we present simultaneous electronic and optical measurements of a single 1,4-benzenedithiol (BDT) molecular junctions to investigate the electronic and structural details in the molecular junction and to understand the charge transport property at the single molecular scale. The electronic property was investigated by DC conductance measurement while structural property was characterized using surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) measurement. The single BDT junctions sandwiched between Au nanogap-electrodes were prepared by the mechanically controllable break junction method at ambient conditions. The simultaneous conductance and SERS measurements demonstrate that ring deformation mode coupled to C–S stretching mode, ring breathing mode, and C=C stretching mode are detectable for the single BDT molecular junctions with electronic conductance of [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text]. The single molecule origin is supported by the characteristic variability of SERS within samples. Time evolution of the conductance and SERS signals indicated that the molecular conductance and the vibrational energy of the ring breathing mode exhibits anti-correlated relationship. This relationship can be mediated by time evolution of structural change in the single molecular junction and corresponding change in strength of metal–molecular coupling. The larger metal–molecular coupling causes higher electronic conductance of the molecular junction while charge transfer effect leads to weakening of molecular bonds and thus a resulting decrease in the vibration energy of the ring breathing mode.

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Lee, Sung-Min, Pan-Sang Kang, and Jong-Se Lim. "Measurement for Retention Levels of Polymer Using Absorbance Measurement Method in Enhanced Oil Recovery." Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers 53, no. 1 (February 1, 2016): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.12972/ksmer.2016.53.1.053.

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