Journal articles on the topic 'English speakers'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: English speakers.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'English speakers.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Gnevsheva, Ksenia, and Daniel Bürkle. "Age Estimation in Foreign-accented Speech by Native and Non-native Speakers." Language and Speech 63, no. 1 (February 13, 2019): 166–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0023830919827621.
Full textAbstract:
Current research shows that listeners are generally accurate at estimating speakers’ age from their speech. This study investigates the effect of speaker first language and the role played by such speaker characteristics as fundamental frequency and speech rate. In this study English and Japanese first language speakers listened to English- and Japanese-accented English speech and estimated the speaker’s age. We find the highest correlation between real and estimated speaker age for English listeners listening to English speakers, followed by Japanese listeners listening to both English and Japanese speakers, with English listeners listening to Japanese speakers coming last. We find that Japanese speakers are estimated to be younger than the English speakers by English listeners, and that both groups of listeners estimate male speakers and speakers with a lower mean fundamental frequency to be older. These results suggest that listeners rely on sociolinguistic information in their speaker age estimations and language familiarity plays a role in their success.
2
Merritt, Brandon. "Perceptual representation of speaker gender in Spanish-English bilingual listeners." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 155, no. 3_Supplement (March 1, 2024): A271. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0027470.
Full textAbstract:
The perceptual representation of speaker gender in monolingual English listeners has been found to be gradient and 2-dimensional. However, both gender expression and listener attribution of a speaker’s gender are known to vary by cultural and linguistic norms. Thus, listeners’ attribution of a speaker’s gender is expected to vary based on the cultural and linguistic practices of their community. This study examined the perceptual representation of speaker gender in Spanish-English bilingual listeners at the U.S./Mexico border of El Paso, TX. Twenty-four Spanish-English bilingual speakers of diverse gender identities (e.g., cisgender men, cisgender women, and transgender women) were audio recorded reading sentences from the English and Spanish versions of the Hearing in Noise Test. Nineteen cisgender Spanish-English bilingual listeners completed an auditory free classification paradigm, in which they classified speakers by perceived general similarity and gender identity in both Spanish and English conditions. Multidimensional scaling of listeners’ classifications in each language revealed that listeners organized speakers in a more expansive perceptual space in English (3 dimensions) as compared to Spanish (2 dimensions). Dimension weightings indicated that, in Spanish, listeners placed more emphasis on Dimension 1 as compared to Dimension 2 when classifying speakers, while, in English, listeners equally weighted the 3 dimensions.
3
Othman, K., and A. I. Ismail. "Islamic English in Islamic Talks." MATEC Web of Conferences 150 (2018): 05081. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815005081.
Full textAbstract:
The international nature of the English language has affected many communities across the globe and this has led to the emergence of varieties of English, specifically to meet the needs of non-native speakers of English. For Muslim speakers, Islamic English has been proposed which aims to maintain Arabic terms in the English language when there is an absence of equivalent English words. An attempt to translate would lead to distortion in meanings. This paper aims to highlight the presence of Islamic English employed by a prominent international Islamic speaker. Content analysis method is employed. The findings indicate the functions of Islamic English in the speaker’s talks are to provide the accurate meaning of the terms, correct misconceptions and lack of equivalent word in the English language, hence the need for Islamic English for Muslim speakers of English.
4
Lee, Dae-yong, and Melissa M. Baese-Berk. "Non-native English speakers’ adaptation to native English speaker’s speech." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 146, no. 4 (October 2019): 2842. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.5136855.
Full text
5
Fang, Fan (Gabriel). "Native-speakerism revisited: Global Englishes, ELT and intercultural communication." Indonesian JELT: Indonesian Journal of English Language Teaching 13, no. 2 (October 31, 2018): 115–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.25170/ijelt.v13i2.1453.
Full textAbstract:
The English language functions as a global lingua franca, and as the number of non-native speakers of English surpasses the number of native speakers of English, the ideology of native-speakerism is challenged. Viewing from the paradigm of Global Englishes (GE), English is no longer the sole property of its native speakers. This paper first discusses and presents a general picture regarding standard language ideology and the ideology of native-speakerism, and links the notion to how such ideas would exert an influence on teacher recruitment and intercultural communication in English language teaching (ELT). This paper then employs narrative inquiry from Chinese ELT professionals who have education experience abroad to reveal how they negotiate their professional identities in relation to privilege and marginalization when working with native English speaking colleagues. This paper argues for the importance of moving beyond the idealized native speaker model from the GE paradigm to challenge the ideology of native-speakerism in various aspects of ELT, in particular, in expanding circle contexts.
6
Pilus, Zahariah, Nur Shahida Zakaria, Muhamad Khairul Zakaria, and Ridwan Wahid. "Stretching the boundaries." Journal of Asian Pacific Communication 29, no. 2 (August 6, 2019): 300–321. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/japc.00035.pil.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Nowadays, international communication using English as the medium is a common occurrence. To communicate effectively, English as a second language (ESL) speakers need to possess relevant communicative skills including understanding and being familiar with inner circle accents. This paper seeks to find out ESL learners’ evaluative reactions to four inner circle accents, representing British, American, Australian and New Zealand English varieties, through an accent perception and a survey task conducted on Malaysian undergraduates at a public university in Malaysia. The participants responded to descriptors on speaker attributes categorized into three dimensions: competence, social appeal and accent preference while or after listening to a recorded passage read in one of the four accents by male and female speakers. The learners showed a tendency to prefer certain accents more than others. In general, the best rated accent was the British accent for the male speakers and the American accent for the female speakers. The New Zealand accent was rated the lowest among the male speakers and one of the lowest among the female speakers. The study also found that speaker’s competence, speaker’s social appeal and accent preference were positively correlated. These findings highlight the importance of listening practices and exposure to various English accents in ESL classrooms to prepare students for international and intercultural communication.
7
Samuel Akanbi, Babatunde,. "Emergence of English New Native Speakers in Nigeria: Reclassifying the English Speakers." International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature 11, no. 2 (March 31, 2022): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.11n.2p.13.
Full textAbstract:
This research decolonises the concept of new native speakers to mean “those who are born in the inner circle” and establishes that, there are native speakers of English in Nigeria. More recently, a group of speakers has been identified known as; the English New Native Speakers. These speakers are mostly monolinguals, who have a good command of the English Language. They are without or with the bit of ability to speak or comprehend the local language(s) used around them. The new native speaker is a 21st-century phenomenon because these speakers have not been in existence in Nigeria before this time. This paper establishes the emergence of the New English Native Speakers in Nigeria and calls for the addition of new native speakers of English in the taxonomy of the existing classification of the speakers of English in Nigeria. This paper, therefore, advocates for the re-classification of the English speakers in Nigeria to include these new speakers. I postulate that the new taxonomy of the speakers in Nigeria should be grouped thus: English new native speakers (speakers with little or no indigenous language), English as a second language (those who developed English as a second language, English as the first language (those who speak English as the first language and later developed an indigenous language).
8
Abu Guba, Mohammed Nour. "Foot duration and polysyllabic shortening among Arab speakers of English." Loquens 9, no. 1-2 (June 9, 2023): e091. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/loquens.2022.e091.
Full textAbstract:
This study investigates a neglected aspect of second language acquisition. It compares the timing patterns adopted by speakers of English as a foreign language with those of English native speakers. The paper aims to explore the extent to which Arab speakers, whose L1 is not as stress-timed as English is, can acquire the mechanisms of polysyllabic shortening in English. Three groups (English native speakers and two groups of Jordanian speakers of English) were requested to read three sets of monosyllabic, disyllabic and trisyllabic words in a carrier sentence. The total length of the word and the vowel duration in all the words were measured. Clear differences between the native speaker group and the non-native speaker groups were attested. Results show that isochronous foot duration and polysyllabic shortening are a tendency in English speech timing, rather than a fundamental process. Furthermore, acquiring the timing patterns of the stress-timed English rhythm is challenging to Arab speakers.
9
Smith, Bruce L., Eric Johnson, and Rachel Hayes-Harb. "ESL learners’ intra-speaker variability in producing American English tense and lax vowels." Journal of Second Language Pronunciation 5, no. 1 (March 13, 2019): 139–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jslp.15050.smi.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Nonnative (L2) English learners are often assumed to exhibit greater speech production variability than native (L1) speakers; however, support for this assumption is primarily limited to secondary observations rather than having been the specific focus of empirical investigations. The present study examined intra-speaker variability associated with L2 English learners’ tense and lax vowel productions to determine whether they showed comparable or greater intra-speaker variability than native English speakers. First and second formants of three tense/lax vowel pairs were measured, and Coefficient of Variation was calculated for 10 native speakers of American English and 30 nonnative speakers. The L2 speakers’ vowel formants were found to be native-like approximately half of the time. Whether their formants were native-like or not, however, they seldom showed greater intra-speaker variability than the L1 speakers.
10
Marta Krygier-Bartz, Marta, and Melanie Glenwright. "Verbal Irony Comprehension in Adults who Speak English as an Additional Language." Studies in Linguistics and Literature 6, no. 2 (June 6, 2022): p58. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/sll.v6n2p58.
Full textAbstract:
We examined whether adults who speak English as an Additional Language (EAL) have a decreased ability to comprehend verbal irony compared to native English speakers. Participants watched a series of 30-second videos containing ironic and literal statements. Respondents identified speaker’s belief, and rated speaker’s attitude and humor. EAL speakers were less reliable than native English speakers in identifying the speaker’s belief for both ironic and literal statements and showed lower humor ratings for ironic criticisms.
11
Murphy, Gregory L. "Personal reference in English." Language in Society 17, no. 3 (September 1988): 317–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404500012938.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACTPersonal reference is the use of an expression to pick out a person, as in When did John eat the cookies? or Tell Dr. Elwood that I need to see him. This article explores the social factors involved in how speakers choose a referring expression in a given situation. Five experiments were conducted which presented speakers with scenarios and asked them how they would refer to a particular person in that situation. The results showed that speakers were sensitive to the level of intimacy between the speaker and referent, between the addressee and referent, and between a nonparticipating audience and the referent. To a lesser degree, the relation between the speaker and the addressee also influenced choice of referring expression. The results can be explained by a theory that posits that speakers are attempting to preserve their faces and the faces of their addressees in choosing these terms, and so they avoid references that could be face threatening. This theory can be integrated with current theories of object reference and the choice of address terms. (Reference, address, politeness, personal reference)
12
Ha, Hyung-Ji. "Korean Nasalization as L1 Interference on English Production by Korean EFL Learners." Studies in Modern Grammar 116 (December 24, 2022): 205–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.14342/smog.2022.116.205.
Full textAbstract:
The present study aims to analyze how L1 interference of Korean nasalization processes influences English speech by Korean EFL speakers according to their English proficiency. 20 Korean EFL speakers (experimental group) and four native speakers of English (control group) participated in this study. Korean EFL speakers were divided into two groups of ten according to their English proficiency. This study measures the values of three factors: the frequency of nasalization processes, final stop release, and vowel insertion. Through this study, the following results were found. The English proficiency of Korean EFL speakers is found to influence the realization of nasalization processes and vowel insertion in their English speech in that they are realized more frequently by the group with lower English proficiency than the group with higher English proficiency. For final stop release, although no particular difference is found when comparing the frequency of the final stop release of the three speaker groups, it is found that the group with English native speakers has a higher frequency of final stop release than the two Korean speaker groups, and the group with higher English proficiency is likely to have a higher frequency of final stop release compared to the group with lower English proficiency in most cases. The findings suggest that the group with higher English proficiency speaks closer to English native speakers than the group with lower English proficiency.
13
Windiahsari, Windiahsari, and Li-Mei Chen. "Speech intelligibility of English spoken by Indonesian and Taiwanese speakers and judged by Taiwanese listeners: application of TOCS+ automatic software." Journal on English as a Foreign Language 13, no. 1 (February 11, 2023): 127–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.23971/jefl.v13i1.4179.
Full textAbstract:
Former investigations were about the familiarity advantage that people with the same language backgrounds are more intelligible. Besides, particular English was most intelligible to participants with high certain English familiarity. This study investigated how Taiwanese listeners judge the English speech intelligibility of Taiwanese and Indonesian speakers. Thirty Indonesian speakers and thirty Taiwanese speakers participated in this study. Ninety Taiwanese listeners were recruited to judge speech intelligibility. The recording and judging process used the TOCS+ software (Hodge et al., 2009). The software provided 124 contrast items of minimal pairs for the recognition task, including contrast of syllable shape, vowels, and consonants. The listeners' judgments were then analyzed by the TOCS+ software automatically. It was found that Taiwanese English speaker is more intelligible to Taiwanese listeners. The variables that predict intelligibility for Indonesian speakers are syllable shape contrast item correct (SSIC) and consonant item correct (CIC), while Taiwanese speakers’ SSIC and vowel item correct (VIC) did not predict intelligibility. Only CIC predicts intelligibility. Both groups made similar errors in consonant voicing. The study's findings contribute to the teaching materials for the English preparation of students who will study abroad.  Â
14
Astbury, Valerie E. "The use of turn-taking resources in a Khmer-Australian English conversation." Spoken Interaction Studies in Australia 11 (January 1, 1994): 173–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aralss.11.09ast.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This research investigates the turn-taking system used in an English conversation across different cultural backgrounds: between an Anglo-Australian female and a Khmer-background female. Throughout the data there is evidence of both speakers’ orientation to the rules of turn-taking as described by Sacks, Schegloff and Jefferson (1974). The normative speaker reveals nonnative speakerlike features in her grammar, but on an interactive level the turn-taking system is working smoothly and without hitches. Both speakers have the skills to interactionally coordinate speaker transitions in a systematic and orderly way, following the rules and using the resources described by Sacks et al. It is particularly striking that in this conversation, the nonnative speaker’s language reveals many nonnative features, but the turn-taking system operates on a native speaker level.
15
Burda, Angela N., Carlin F. Hageman, Julie A. Scherz, and Harold T. Edwards. "Age and Understanding Speakers with Spanish or Taiwanese Accents." Perceptual and Motor Skills 97, no. 1 (August 2003): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.2003.97.1.11.
Full textAbstract:
This pilot study concerned the intelligibility of accented speech for listeners of different ages. 72 native speakers of English, representing three age groups (20–39, 40–59, 60 and older) listened to words and sentences produced by native speakers of English, Taiwanese, and Spanish. Listeners transcribed words and sentences. Listeners also rated speakers' comprehensibility, i.e., listeners' perceptions of difficulty in understanding utterances, and accentedness, i.e., how strong a speaker's foreign accent is perceived to be. On intelligibility measures, older adults had significantly greater difficulty in understanding individuals with accented speech than the other two age groups. Listeners, regardless of age, were more likely to provide correct responses if they perceived the speaker easier to understand. Ratings of comprehensibility were highly correlated with ratings of accentedness.
16
Burda, Angela N., Melissa Bradley-Potter, Jessi Dralle, Jane Murphy, Sarah Ries, and Andrea Roehs. "Influence of Age and Native Language on Immediate Verbal Repetition." Perceptual and Motor Skills 109, no. 1 (August 2009): 169–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.109.1.169-176.
Full textAbstract:
Objectives of this quasi-experimental study were to assess whether age of listeners and native language of the speaker affected the accurate repetition of words, sentences, and utterances, including medical vocabulary. Two experiments were conducted. In Exp. 1, 20 young adults and 20 older adults repeated 60 words and 30 sentences produced by native and nonnative English speakers. In Exp. 2, 30 young adults and 30 older adults repeated medically oriented utterances spoken by native and nonnative English speakers. Analysis showed that older adults had significantly lower repetition scores (accuracy) than the young adults on all tasks. Both groups had significantly higher repetition scores on items produced by native English speakers than nonnative English speakers. Investigations should focus on strategies which may aid native English speakers in understanding nonnative English speakers.
17
Ghafar, Zanyar Nathir, Doina Popescu, and Mustafa Kurt. "The Pronunciation Problems among Kurdish Learners of English." European Journal of Theoretical and Applied Sciences 1, no. 1 (February 28, 2023): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.59324/ejtas.2023.1(1).04.
Full textAbstract:
The goal of this study was to examine the pronunciation issues of different speakers of English and especially Kurdish speakers, and various perspectives on native vs foreign pronunciations. The research showed that Kurdish speakers had difficulties pronouncing several English vowels and some English consonants. The research results demonstrate that Kurdish English speakers understand the value of pronunciation compared to native and non-native English speakers. Kurdish speakers may hesitate to speak in a manner that seems natural to a native speaker, and their last consonants in words are almost always unaspirated and unvoiced. Given that Kurdish learners of English have difficulty pronouncing some English words, some suggested solutions include providing pronunciation instruction classes to language instructors, having educators speak in English, and giving students examples of native tongue sounds compared and contrasted with the target language sounds. With minimal exposure to cooperation with native speakers and variations in L1's phonological organization compared to English, the difficulty posed by pronunciation is evident. All the updated studies clearly show that these issues affect English speakers in general and rely less and less on their original tongue.
18
SERENO, JOAN, LYNNE LAMMERS, and ALLARD JONGMAN. "The relative contribution of segments and intonation to the perception of foreign-accented speech." Applied Psycholinguistics 37, no. 2 (January 5, 2015): 303–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716414000575.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACTThe present study examines the relative impact of segments and intonation on accentedness, comprehensibility, and intelligibility, specifically investigating the separate contribution of segmental and intonational information to perceived foreign accent in Korean-accented English. Two English speakers and two Korean speakers recorded 40 English sentences. The sentences were manipulated by combining segments from one speaker with intonation (fundamental frequency contour and duration) from another speaker. Four versions of each sentence were created: one English control (English segments and English intonation), one Korean control (Korean segments and Korean intonation), and two Korean–English combinations (one with English segments and Korean intonation; the other with Korean segments and English intonation). Forty native English speakers transcribed the sentences for intelligibility and rated their comprehensibility and accentedness. The data show that segments had a significant effect on accentedness, comprehensibility, and intelligibility, but intonation only had an effect on intelligibility. Contrary to previous studies, the present study, separating segments from intonation, suggests that segmental information contributes substantially more to the perception of foreign accentedness than intonation. Native speakers seem to rely mainly on segments when determining foreign accentedness.
19
Basnyat, Buddha. "Scientific English for non-English speakers." Lancet 359, no. 9309 (March 2002): 896. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(02)07943-6.
Full text
20
Wang, Ying. "Native English speakers' authority in English." English Today 32, no. 1 (December 21, 2015): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078415000516.
Full textAbstract:
Given the unprecedented spread of English, native English speakers (NESs) have been estimated to number 508 million by 2050 (Graddol, 1997: 27), while a bold estimation of speakers of English is 2 billion by 2050 (Crystal, 2008: 4–5). The international demographic profile of English presents a scenario whereby the development of English depends on how this language is used by non-native English speakers (NNESs), who are obviously in the majority for English use (e.g. Brumfit, 2001: 116; Crystal, 2008: 6; Graddol, 1997: 10; Mauranen, 2012; Seidlhofer, 2011: 7–8). While the importance of the number of English speakers globally is acknowledged, English in China remains a particularly interesting area for linguists. Not only English is widely learned in China, but also Chinese speakers of English are increasingly involved in intercultural encounters. In Graddol's (1997, 2006) discussion of the future of English, a comprehensive account is put forward about China, a country that has statistical significance for the development of English, given its large population of people who know English and its economic development. As Crystal (2008: 5) notes: [I]f India is the significant factor in relation to second-language speakers (in the sense of countries where English has some sort of special status), then China is surely the corresponding factor in relation to foreign-language speakers (in the sense of countries where the language has no official status). In this sense, it would seem that China will play an important role in shaping the profile of English use in the future. If this is an acceptable hypothesis, the development of English in China has implications for the future world of English use.
21
Bessell, Nicola, and Eimear Mulhall. "What’s in an Accent? Perceptions of Young Adult Listeners in Cork and Kilkenny." Journal of Clinical Speech and Language Studies 21, no. 1 (September 1, 2014): 63–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/acs-2014-21106.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: To investigate the perceptions of Irish listeners concerning geographical origin, occupation and socio-economic class, based on speech samples from County Cork; to relate this information to phonetic features of each speaker’s accent and recent changes in Irish English. Methods: Recordings of speakers from three locations in County Cork were analyzed for features of supra-regional and advanced Irish English (Hickey, 1998, 2003, 2010). These recordings were played to young adult listeners from counties Cork and Kilkenny. Listeners completed a questionnaire assessing the location, occupation and socio-economic class of each speaker. The results of the questionnaire were compared with the phonetic features of the speakers. Main results: Diphthongization of FACE and GOAT vowels, [𝜃, ð] for TH, GOOSE-fronting and emerging velarised /l/ in syllable final position tilt listener judgements towards non-regional, professional and upper middle class. Cork City listeners are most accurate in terms of locating Cork city speakers. Kilkenny listeners are least accurate in identifying speaker location. Conclusions: Irish English speech varies depending on location and gender. Perceptions of class and occupation are closely tied to gender of speaker and type of phonetic features present. Supra-regional features are increasingly used by young adults in County Cork, and recognized by young adult listeners.
22
Li, Pengcheng. "An Artificial Intelligence Conversational Chatbot Developed for Non-Native English Speakers." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 1 (June 14, 2022): 97–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v1i.433.
Full textAbstract:
As common knowledge would dictate, the best way to learn a language is to talk with native speakers of said language. However, it may not be the easiest for non-fluent, non-native speakers of languages such as English to find native English speakers to converse with. This paper proposes a conversational chatbot that would help non-native speakers to converse with artificial intelligence with equal, if not greater, fluency compared with a native English speaker.
23
Vančura, Alma, and Filip Alić. "Students’ identification of different English varieties." Govor/Speech 39, no. 1 (October 25, 2022): 19–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.22210/govor.2022.39.02.
Full textAbstract:
Today’s technology allows quick and easy communication with speakers from a variety of language backgrounds, and the communication of online participants is predominantly in English. Although much is already known about the attitudes of Croatian students towards their own English pronunciation (e.g., Lütze-Miculinić, 2019; Josipović Smojver & Stanojević, 2013, 2016; Stanojević & Josipović Smojver, 2011) or about different English varieties (Drljača Margić & Širola, 2014), there has been no research regarding students’ identification of different English varieties in Croatian context. Previous studies (Williams, Garrett, & Coupland, 1999) have shown that listeners can categorize unfamiliar speakers by dialect with about 30% accuracy. Apart from familiarity, an important role in variety recognition is played by regional closeness and exposure to the variety. The present research is set out to study how accurately students can identify individual speakers of different regional and EFL varieties of English. The study was conducted on 68 first-year English students who completed an anonymous questionnaire. The items for the questionnaire were based on Alić (2021) and Paunović (2009). The study was based on a verbal-guise technique, where participants listened to 10 speakers reading out the same paragraph. Croatian students showed poor results in variety recognition. They had the best identification results when listening to Croatian speaker speaking English (76.9% of correct identifications), which is of no surprise as he was the only EFL speaker and the students were familiar with this type of accent. They had the most problems identifying the speakers from South Africa (13.4%) and Northern Ireland (10.8%). The results show that students probably till operate with very broad concepts, like "British" or "American" English, since they were unable to pinpoint the speakers from South England (32.8%) or California (19.7%), varieties that can often be heard in various settings. The Californian speaker was identified as a speaker from New York (19.7%), Southern USA (18.1%) and Canada (16.6%), which shows that subtle differences in regional identity are lost to the untrained ear, and that familiarity sometimes does not play an important role in variety identification.
24
Cahyanti, Ade Dwi, Rudi Hartono, and Dwi Anggani Linggar Bharati. "Comparing the Language Style Used by Native and Non-native English Speakers in The Ellen Show." English Education Journal 11, no. 4 (December 23, 2021): 579–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/eej.v11i1.50290.
Full textAbstract:
As the user of communication especially in English, the speaker has to consider the interlocutor’s position in order to achieve good communication. Here, the speakers which include native and non-native English speakers must choose an appropriate language style for the different interlocutors to avoid social consequences. The purposes of this research were to analyze the use of language style of those speakers in The Ellen Show. Also, it focused on the differences and the similarities between those speakers. Last, it focused on the factors influencing the use of language style. The research used the qualitative method which focuses on content analysis. Here, it focused on three native speakers and three non-native speakers of English as the guests in The Ellen Show. The Ellen Show is a talk show program with a casual discussion that talks about a particular topic or issue which consists of a host, the guest(s) being interviewed, the home audience, and the studio audience from which the host might get some responses from.The findings revealed that the native English speakers used all types of language styles. Meanwhile, the non-native speakers used three types of language styles. Then, the similarities were that both speakers applied formal style, consultative style, and casual style in their utterances. However, the difference was the non-native English speakers did not apply frozen style and intimate style. Furthermore, those speakers used language style because it influenced the participant, the setting, the topic, and the function. Therefore, it is concluded that language styles were useful in English utterances either by native speakers or non-native English speakers.
The speaker has to consider the interlocutor’s position in order to achieve good communication. Here, the speakers which include native and non-native English speakers must choose an appropriate language style for the different interlocutors to avoid social consequences. The purposes of this research were to analyze the use of language style of those speakers in The Ellen Show. Also, it focused on the differences and the similarities between those speakers. Last, it focused on the factors influencing the use of language style. The research used the qualitative method which focuses on content analysis. Here, it focused on three native speakers and three non-native speakers of English as the guests in The Ellen Show. The findings revealed that the native English speakers used all types of language styles. Meanwhile, the non-native speakers used three types of language styles. Then, the similarities were that both speakers applied formal style, consultative style, and casual style in their utterances. However, the difference was the non-native English speakers did not apply frozen style and intimate style. Furthermore, those speakers used language style because it influenced the participant, the setting, the topic, and the function. Therefore, it is concluded that language styles were useful in English utterances either by native speakers or non-native English speakers.
25
LINDEMANN, STEPHANIE. "Listening with an attitude: A model of native-speaker comprehension of non-native speakers in the United States." Language in Society 31, no. 3 (July 2002): 419–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404502020286.
Full textAbstract:
This study investigates whether there is a relationship between negative attitudes toward non-native speakers and poor comprehension of those speakers. Twelve native English speakers whose attitudes toward Koreans had been assessed were asked to complete an interactional map task paired with native Korean speakers. In the task, some but not all of those who had been assessed as having negative attitudes toward Koreans were found to use either strategies that were described as problematizing their partners' utterances, or strategies that were described as avoidance. All participants completed the map task reasonably successfully except where the native English speaker used avoidance strategies, suggesting that the relationship between attitude and comprehension is mediated by the native speaker's choice of strategies. However, there appeared to be a direct relationship between attitude and perceived success of interactions, which may ultimately have the same consequences for interactants as if the relationship were between attitude and actual success.
26
Kim, Sarang, Aidan Bindoff, Maree Farrow, Fran McInerney, Jay Borchard, and Kathleen Doherty. "Is the Understanding Dementia Massive Open Online Course Accessible and Effective for Everyone? Native Versus Non-Native English Speakers." International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning 22, no. 3 (April 21, 2021): 19–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v22i3.5380.
Full textAbstract:
Most massive open online courses (MOOCs) are offered in English, including those offered by non-English speaking universities. The study investigated an identified English language dementia MOOC’s accessibility and effectiveness in improving the dementia knowledge of non-native English speaker participants. A total of 6,389 enrolees (age range 18–82 years; 88.4% female) from 67 countries was included in analyses. Dementia knowledge was measured by the Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale (DKAS) before and after the MOOC completion. Rates of completion were also compared. Native English speakers (n = 5,320) were older, more likely to be female, less likely to be employed, and had lower educational attainment than non-native English speakers (n = 1025). Native English speakers were also more likely to care for or have cared for a family member or friend living with dementia than were non-native English speakers. Native English speakers had a significantly higher DKAS score both pre- (M = 33.0, SD = 9.3) and post-MOOC (M = 44.2, SD = 5.5) than did non-native English speakers (M = 31.7, SD = 9.1; and M = 40.7, SD = 7.7 for pre- and post-MOOC, respectively). Non-native English speakers with low pre-MOOC dementia knowledge scores gained significantly less dementia knowledge following course completion than did native English speakers (p <.001, adjusted for age and education). There was no significant difference between the two groups in their likelihood of completing the MOOC. Our findings suggest that non-native English speakers are motivated and able to complete the MOOC at similar rates to native English speakers, but the MOOC is a more effective educational intervention for native English speakers with low dementia knowledge.
27
Maulida, Hidya, and Yasyir Fahmi Mubaraq. "Language Learning Strategies Used by English Department Students of English at STKIP PGRI Banjarmasin." Acitya: Journal of Teaching and Education 5, no. 2 (July 6, 2023): 188–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.30650/ajte.v5i2.3583.
Full textAbstract:
Speaking skill is one of skill has to master by English language students. In the speaking IV course, students train to speak English through practice public speech, seminar and debate also when the students present in front of the other student in learning process. The fluency of speaking skill is also supported by leaning strategies. The objective of this research was to describe learning strategies used by the eighth semester students as fluent speaker of English department at STKIP PGRI Banjarmasin. The data were processed and analysis based on the procedures that was chosen to find the strategies that used by the students as fluent speakers. Instruments for this research were questionnaire and interview. The result of this research revealed that the eighth semester students who are categorized as fluent speaker used all language learning strategies, the most frequently strategy used by students as fluent speakers was cognitive strategies and the least frequently strategy used by students as fluent speakers was social strategies.
28
Merry, Joel. "Black Country English in the Spotlight: A Stylistic Analysis of Variable Contrast between Phonemes in an Urban Regiolect of British English." Lifespans and Styles 2, no. 2 (August 5, 2006): 45–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2218/ls.v2i2.2016.1613.
Full textAbstract:
When examining the COT /CAUGHT merger in central Pennsylvania, Labov (1994) uncovered a stylistic phenomenon, known as the “ Bill Peters Effect” , whereby speakers heavily differentiate between /ɑ/ and /ɔː/ in spontaneous speech, but converge the two lexical sets into a near-merger situation during controlled tests comprising isolated minimal pairs. Whilst it is interesting to discover that a speaker or a community of speakers may exhibit stylistic preferences for merging two variants in particular speech contexts, it is unclear as to what precisely drives this intraspeaker and interspeaker variation. By examining the distinctive Black Country variety of English (BCE) (Clark and Asprey 2013), this paper aims to discover if the Bill Peters Effect is specific to the COT /CAUGHT merger in North American Englishes (Drysdale 1959, Labov 1994, Boberg 2001, Majors 2005, Hall-Lew 2013) or whether it can be observed in merging situations between phonemes in other dialects of English. A study was conducted with 14 native BCE speakers in order to examine in which speech contexts individual speakers distinctly alternate between the FOOT /STRUT and PRICE /CHOICE lexical sets and produce merged variants. The normalised F1 distances between each speaker’s realisation of FOOT /STRUT and PRICE /CHOICE across three different speech conditions were collected and analysed. The results show that BCE speakers show a stronger preference for merging the lexical sets in a controlled wordlist task, where lexical sets are elicited in isolation, than in less formal spontaneous speech, producing the opposite effect to Labov’s Bill Peters Effect.
29
Babel, Molly. "Adaptation to Social-Linguistic Associations in Audio-Visual Speech." Brain Sciences 12, no. 7 (June 28, 2022): 845. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12070845.
Full textAbstract:
Listeners entertain hypotheses about how social characteristics affect a speaker’s pronunciation. While some of these hypotheses may be representative of a demographic, thus facilitating spoken language processing, others may be erroneous stereotypes that impede comprehension. As a case in point, listeners’ stereotypes of language and ethnicity pairings in varieties of North American English can improve intelligibility and comprehension, or hinder these processes. Using audio-visual speech this study examines how listeners adapt to speech in noise from four speakers who are representative of selected accent-ethnicity associations in the local speech community: an Asian English-L1 speaker, a white English-L1 speaker, an Asian English-L2 speaker, and a white English-L2 speaker. The results suggest congruent accent-ethnicity associations facilitate adaptation, and that the mainstream local accent is associated with a more diverse speech community.
30
Said Bani Orabah, Salim, and Houman Bijani. "Recruitment and Salary Disparity between Monolingual and Bilingual EFL Teachers in Oman." Education Research International 2022 (September 17, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4905054.
Full textAbstract:
Literature in the field of TESOL recruitment practices suggests that the myth of monolingual speakerism has impacted the employment methods in various countries in the world. The monolingual (native) speaker has a privileged position in English language teaching, representing both the model speaker and the ideal teacher. Bilingual teachers of English are often perceived as less competent than their monolingual counterparts in Oman. The aim of the study was to critically explore and problematize the recruitment practices that discriminate the bilingual English teachers in Oman. This article reports the findings of a small-scale qualitative study conducted at an English Language Center (ELC) at one of the colleges of technology in Oman (CoTs) through obtaining data from bilingual teachers of English. The results demonstrated that the native (monolingual) speakers’ fallacy is “alive and kicking” in Oman. All the recruiting agencies prefer to recruit monolingual speakers justifying this stance on the pretext that bilinguals are viewed as incompetent imitators of English. There is also a huge discrimination based on salary range between monolingual and bilingual teachers, despite doing same job. Colonial impact is another reason behind monolingual speakers’ preference. The impact of discrimination is that bilingual teachers of English are left feeling inferior. Hence, it is essential to adopt policies, which install greater sense of job security to enhance motivation and innovation. The study suggests that there is an urgent need to review the recruitment practices in Oman to establish equality and to create a healthy working environment.
31
Leonard, Josie. "Beyond ‘(non) native-speakerism’: Being or becoming a native-speaker teacher of English." Applied Linguistics Review 10, no. 4 (November 26, 2019): 677–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/applirev-2017-0033.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe labelling of teachers of English as either ‘native’ or ‘non-native’ speakers in the field of English Language Teaching continues to promote ideals of ‘native-speakers’ that impact negatively on the teaching lives of those teachers using English as another language. In this paper, I explore constructs of ‘native-speakerism’ (Holliday, Adrian. 2015. Native-speakerism: Taking the Concept Forward and Achieving Cultural Belief. In Anne Swan, Pamela Aboshiha & Adrian. Hollliday (eds.),Encountering Native-speakerism: Global perspectives, 11–25. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan) by examining them as networks or assemblages formed through interactions of people, technologies, discourses and other material objects integral to teaching and learning environments. Drawing on ‘Actor-network theory’, I analyse unique influences of ‘native’ and ‘non-native’ networks as experienced by individual teachers of English from different contexts. The data collected in this qualitative study shows how ‘native-speaker’ networks form and exert power to reinforce the ideal of ‘native-speaker’ teachers, and restrict the agency of those who are classed as ‘non-native’. By unravelling these networks, I challenge the notions on which they are constructed, and show how the categorising of teachers in this way undermines the legitimacy of those classed as ‘non-native’, and limits their professional development. I therefore argue that moving beyond these labels is an essential step for English Language Teaching to move forward as a profession.
32
KELLY, NIAMH E. "The perception of dental and alveolar stops among speakers of Irish English and American English." English Language and Linguistics 23, no. 2 (September 7, 2017): 277–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1360674317000405.
Full textAbstract:
Most speakers of Irish English use a dental stop for words containing <th>, a sound that is generally pronounced as [θ] and [ð], in other varieties of English (Wells 1982; Ó hÚrdail 1997). Alveolar stops [t,d] and dental stops [,] are articulatorily and acoustically similar, and thus it is unusual for a language to use them contrastively (e.g. Ladefoged 2001). Despite this, Irish English contrasts them and speakers of this dialect have no trouble distinguishing them. This raises the question as to whether speakers of a dialect which does not use this contrast can distinguish them. To investigate this, speakers of Irish English and American English participated in an identification task involving words produced by an Irish English speaker. American English speakers had a high accuracy but did significantly worse than Irish English speakers, and both groups did significantly worse when the contrast was in final position than when it was in initial position. A small-scale production experiment examined words with this contrast and the vowel /a/, with the finding that for speakers of both dialects, the vowel is longer in words ending in <th> than <t>. The findings are discussed in the context of linguistic experience, and the effect of surrounding consonants on vowel duration.
33
Bent, Tessa, and Rachael Frush Holt. "Shhh… I Need Quiet! Children’s Understanding of American, British, and Japanese-accented English Speakers." Language and Speech 61, no. 4 (February 5, 2018): 657–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0023830918754598.
Full textAbstract:
Children’s ability to understand speakers with a wide range of dialects and accents is essential for efficient language development and communication in a global society. Here, the impact of regional dialect and foreign-accent variability on children’s speech understanding was evaluated in both quiet and noisy conditions. Five- to seven-year-old children ( n = 90) and adults ( n = 96) repeated sentences produced by three speakers with different accents—American English, British English, and Japanese-accented English—in quiet or noisy conditions. Adults had no difficulty understanding any speaker in quiet conditions. Their performance declined for the nonnative speaker with a moderate amount of noise; their performance only substantially declined for the British English speaker (i.e., below 93% correct) when their understanding of the American English speaker was also impeded. In contrast, although children showed accurate word recognition for the American and British English speakers in quiet conditions, they had difficulty understanding the nonnative speaker even under ideal listening conditions. With a moderate amount of noise, their perception of British English speech declined substantially and their ability to understand the nonnative speaker was particularly poor. These results suggest that although school-aged children can understand unfamiliar native dialects under ideal listening conditions, their ability to recognize words in these dialects may be highly susceptible to the influence of environmental degradation. Fully adult-like word identification for speakers with unfamiliar accents and dialects may exhibit a protracted developmental trajectory.
34
Kang, Sinuk, and Yoonjae Nam. "Effect of Audiovisual Translation Mode on Perceived Truthfulness of Stories on Video." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 43, no. 1 (February 7, 2015): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2015.43.1.137.
Full textAbstract:
We examined an audience's perception of the truthfulness of foreign-language speakers across various audiovisual translation modes. We randomly assigned 89 participants to 1 of 3 conditions: (a) English voiceover of Korean speech, (b) English subtitles over Korean speech, and (c) English speech only. Korean speakers in the English subtitle and voiceover conditions were judged as more truthful than Korean speakers in the English-speech condition. In addition, the multiple significant positive correlations among personality traits and truthfulness suggest that an audience judging translation modes may consider personality traits and recreate impressions of the speaker.
35
HOFF, Erika, Cynthia CORE, and Katherine F. SHANKS. "The quality of child-directed speech depends on the speaker's language proficiency." Journal of Child Language 47, no. 1 (July 12, 2019): 132–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s030500091900028x.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractMany children learn language, in part, from the speech of non-native speakers who vary in their language proficiency. To investigate the influence of speaker proficiency on the quality of child-directed speech, 29 mothers who were native English speakers and 31 mothers who were native speakers of Spanish and who reported speaking English to their children on a regular basis were recorded interacting with their two-year-old children in English. Of the non-native speakers, 21 described their English proficiency as ‘good’, and eight described their English proficiency as ‘limited’. ANCOVAs, controlling for differences in maternal education and child language level, revealed significant effects of group on lexical and grammatical properties of child-directed speech that the literature has identified as positive predictors of child language development. These results suggest that the child-directed speech of native speakers and non-native speakers with good proficiency provide a richer database for language acquisition than the child-directed speech of speakers with limited proficiency.
36
Perry, Jamie L., Katelyn Kotlarek, Lucia Mendez, Yolanda Holt, Stephen Fafulas, and Katie Broadwell. "Nasometric Comparison Between Spanish–English Bilingual and English Monolingual Children." Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 56, no. 3 (July 9, 2018): 331–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1055665618786350.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: It is well established in the literature that English diagnostic tests should not be directly applied to speakers whose primary language is Spanish. Normative nasalance data across word and sentence-level stimuli among Spanish–English bilingual children living in the United States have not been provided. The present study aims to (1) compare differences in nasalance between typically developing Spanish–English bilingual children and English-speaking monolingual children and (2) determine whether within-speaker nasalance differences exist in Spanish–English bilingual children when presented with English and Spanish speech stimuli. Design: Thirty-four typically developing children including 17 monolingual English speakers and 17 Spanish–English bilingual speakers with normal velopharyngeal anatomy between 5 and 7 years of age participated in the study. Speakers were recorded using a nasometer producing sets of stimulus items at the word and sentence level in English (English monolinguals) and in both Spanish and English for bilingual children. Results: Results indicated no statistically significant difference between nasalance values across the different stimuli between monolingual and bilingual participants. However, within-subject effects showed statistical significance between English and Spanish word stimuli among the bilingual group. Conclusions: These findings emphasize the importance of using language-specific diagnostic materials for nasalance testing, which would be of importance in the treatment of individuals with cleft palate.
37
Lloyd-Smith, Anika, Henrik Gyllstad, and Tanja Kupisch. "Transfer into L3 English." Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism 7, no. 2 (February 4, 2016): 131–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lab.15013.llo.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This study is concerned with L3 acquisition in heritage speakers (HSs). The goals are to incorporate HSs into L3 acquisition research and investigate the role of language dominance for predicting L3 transfer. We analyze global accent in German-Turkish early bilinguals, HSs of Turkish, who acquired English as their L3. Twenty native-speaker judges determined accent strength and accent source in the speech of 18 bilinguals as well as 15 controls (L1 English, L1 German, L1 Turkish) when speaking English. Results show, firstly, that bilinguals are perceived as less accented than L1 Turkish speakers and similar to L1 German speakers. Secondly, unlike L1 controls, there is no uniform accent source for HSs when speaking their L3. Our results question the role of age of acquisition, while being generally consistent with the TPM. However, HSs seem to benefit from bilingual experience and structure-based transfer can be overpowered by high proficiency.
38
Lim, Jessica. "So How Do English Language Learners Use "So"?" Canadian Journal of Applied Linguistics 21, no. 1 (February 28, 2018): 94–122. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1051286ar.
Full textAbstract:
The present article compares the use of the discourse marker so between English-dominant speakers and English language learners through an analysis of 20 one-on-one audio-recorded sessions with 10 English-dominant speakers and 10 English language learners. While employment of the discourse marker by both speaker groups was found to be discrepant, one prominent difference was discovered in the English language learner data. Move so, one of so’s six discursive functions, was produced with a higher frequency by the English language learners. The findings of the study indicate that while the learner group demonstrated a limited range of functions, as did English language learners in prior studies, they also had an overall lower rate of frequency compared to the English-dominant speakers.
39
Mashwani, Hazrat Usman, and Abdullah Noori. "Afghan English Major Students’ Attitudes Toward Native-Like Proficiency in the English Language." Journal of Foreign Language Teaching and Learning 8, no. 1 (March 14, 2023): 19–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.18196/ftl.v8i1.16680.
Full textAbstract:
The term native-like proficiency in English refers to the ability to speak the English language like a native speaker. This study was conducted to investigate Afghan English major undergraduate students’ attitudes toward native-like proficiency in the English language at two public universities in Afghanistan. The study specifically investigated the attitudes of Afghan English major undergraduate students toward the characteristics of a native speaker of the English language, native speakers’ linguistic imperialism, and native-like proficiency in the English language. A mixed research design was used for the study. The quantitative data were descriptively analyzed in terms of frequencies using SPSS and presented in tables. The qualitative data were thematically analyzed and presented. A total of 113 fourth-year (senior students) voluntarily participated in the study. The findings revealed that perfect pronunciation, fluency, and grammatical accuracy were the defining attributes of native speakers. Similarly, students believed that only native speakers have the right to decide the rules or to standardize the English language and that only a native speaker has better English language skills. Moreover, the results revealed that Afghan English major students’ attitudes toward native-like proficiency in the English language were highly positive, and they love to speak with a native-like accent. It is hoped that the current study’s findings will help educators and will be a valuable addition to the current mass of data on the subject.
40
Jackson, Carrie N., and Holger Hopp. "Prediction error and implicit learning in L1 and L2 syntactic priming." International Journal of Bilingualism 24, no. 5-6 (January 29, 2020): 895–911. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367006920902851.
Full textAbstract:
Aims and Objectives: This study examines the syntactic priming of adverb-first word order among 27 first language (L1) English, 33 L1 German, and 32 L1 German-second language (L2) English speakers to investigate the relationship between short-term priming and longer-term learning across different speaker groups. Design/Methodology: Participants completed a syntactic priming task in either English or German, in which they heard sentences containing fronted (i.e. adverb-first) or non-fronted adverbial phrases and described pictures containing similar adverbial phrases. Immediately before and after the priming task, participants completed picture description tasks containing similar sentence types to measure their baseline production of fronted adverbials, and whether subsequent production of fronted adverbials was modulated by the priming task. Data Analysis: We used mixed-effects logistic regression to compare participants’ production of fronted sentences during the priming task according to prime type (fronted vs. non-fronted) and their production of fronted sentences before versus after the priming task, including the additional factors of adverbial phrase (temporal phrase vs. locative phrase) and speaker group (L1 English vs. L1 German vs. L2 English). Findings/Conclusion: Participants exhibited greater short-term priming during the priming task for temporal versus locative phrases, with the L2 English speakers exhibiting the greatest short-term priming. There was a significant increase in the production of fronted sentences from baseline to post-test, with the L1 English speakers exhibiting the greatest gains. Originality: This study uses systematic between- and within-language comparisons to examine: (a) whether the extent of syntactic priming depends on the frequency of a construction in a speaker’s L1 or L2 (i.e. prediction error); and (b) whether prediction error and short-term priming lead to longer-term learning. Significance: Our findings show that the magnitude of prediction error influences both short-term adaptation and longer-term priming. However, the ability to harness prediction error for longer-term learning versus short-term adaptation may vary between L1 and L2 speakers.
41
Andarab, Mehdi Solhi. "Representation of the Characters in the Claimed English as an International Language-Targeted Coursebooks." Studies in English Language Teaching 3, no. 4 (October 29, 2015): 294. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/selt.v3n4p294.
Full textAbstract:
<p><em>The cultural and linguistic hegemony of the native speakers of English over the non-native speakers in the process of language learning and teaching has paved the way for the stereotypical and biased representations of the non-native speakers of English in majority of the English Language Teaching (ELT) coursebooks. Actually, this essentialist approach in the process of materials development is likely to result in reductionist overgeneralization and otherization of foreign societies (Holliday, 1994). However, in recent years, with the advent of English as a International Language (EIL), the issue of native speakerism, the ownership of English, and consequently the cultural content of ELT coursebooks have been the subject of debates. Despite the dominance of native speaker varieties of English in ELT coursebooks, there has been a growing awareness among publishers over the past years and accordingly some EIL-based coursebooks targeted specifically at EIL learners have been published. In this study, a sample group of such coursebooks was subject to close scrutiny. In so doing, an attempt was made to examine the representation of the characters in the claimed EIL-targeted coursebooks. According to the results of the study, despite the claim to be based on EIL, the biased representation of the non-native speakers of English is observed throughout the entire series of the analyzed coursebooks and they superficially surface a stereotypical association of culture and location/country.</em><em></em></p>
42
Kaldina, Vindi, and I. Nyoman Pasek Darmawan. "“That's why I never learned English from Indonesian teachers”:." Berumpun: International Journal of Social, Politics, and Humanities 6, no. 2 (October 30, 2023): 73–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.33019/berumpun.v6i2.110.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to examine the extent to which native-speakerism (NS) is embedded in the comments responding to a YouTube video entitled “Salah Kursus Bahasa Inggris?- Seleb English” by a YouTuber named Sacha Stevenson. The researchers believe that native-speakerism, an ideology that creates a power imbalance favoring native speakers of English over nonnative speakers of English, is present in the video, in which the content creator scrutinizes Indonesian people’s English accents. However, this paper focuses on the comments responding to the video, since they can show to what extent NS is adopted by EFL speakers/learners in Indonesia. The data was retrieved using YouTube Data API and Python programming language, sorted using Microsoft Excel, and categorized by applying three reading steps into four levels which spans from 0 (no indication of native speakerism) to 3 (strong indication of native speakerism). The findings are presented descriptively and analyzed within the theoretical framework on NS. The results suggest that NS is present in the observed comments on all four levels, which suggests how deeply embedded the NS ideology within the community of Indonesian English language learners and speakers. Suggestions on how to counter this ideology are presented in conclusion.
43
Enzinna, Naomi Ruth. "The influence of language background and exposure on phonetic accommodation." Proceedings of the Linguistic Society of America 3, no. 1 (March 3, 2018): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/plsa.v3i1.4333.
Full textAbstract:
This study examines whether language background, short-term exposure to monolingual and bilingual speech, and long-term exposure to monolingual and bilingual speech influences speech accommodation. To address this question, I examine whether English monolinguals and Spanish-English bilinguals, either from a predominately monolingual community or a predominately bilingual community, vary their speech when interacting with a monolingual English speaker versus a Spanish-English bilingual speaker. Additionally, I examine whether speakers are more likely to converge after being primed with monolingual English or Spanish-English bilingual speech. To test this, participants complete an interactive communication task, where they are presented with a 6x6 board on a computer screen and asked questions about the words on the board, which contain variables that differ in English and Spanish. Results show that both language background and long-term exposure to monolingual or bilingual speech in a speaker’s speech community influence accommodation.
44
Greene, Beth G. "Perception of Synthetic Speech by Nonnative Speakers of English." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 30, no. 13 (September 1986): 1340–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193128603001323.
Full textAbstract:
Nonnative speakers of English listened to natural and synthetic speech materials. All natural speech material was spoken by a native male speaker of American English. The synthetic speech was produced by the MITalk-79 system for the first experiment and by the Prose 2000 V2.1 text-to-speech system for the second experiment. Results from Experiment 1 indicated that nonnative speakers show higher levels of performance when listening to natural speech than when listening to synthetic speech. However, nonnative speakers did not reach the level of performance of native speakers for either natural or synthetic speech. Experiment 2 provided further evidence that nonnative speakers fail to reach the same level of performance when listening to synthetic speech as native speakers. Performance of nonnative speakers on a dictation task showed high positive correlations with their general English language ability as measured by two standardized tests. Results indicate the importance of language background and experience in the perception of speech, particularly synthetic and digitally encoded speech.
45
Altmiller, Ruth, Mel Mallard, and Kristin J. Van Engen. "Listening effort for L2 accents: Adults’ adaptation to Mandarin accented english." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 155, no. 3_Supplement (March 1, 2024): A79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0026870.
Full textAbstract:
Using task-evoked pupillary response (TEPR) and dual-task procedures, prior research has shown that adults recruit additional cognitive resources when processing fully intelligible L2-accented speech compared to speech in their own L1 accent (McLaughlin and Van Engen, 2020; Brown et al., 2020). In this study, we investigated the relationship between three prosodic measures (relative word duration variance, pitch stability, and pitch range) and changes in listening effort for L1 and L2 speakers over the course of an experiment. Using growth curve analysis, we found significant interactions between each of the three measures and trial number, indicating that prosodic factors influence speech adaptation. However, these interactions were in opposite directions for the L1 and L2 speakers. Thus, adult monolingual English listeners rely on prosodic information to adapt to a particular speaker’s voice, but use that information differently based on speaker identity.
46
Yudytska, Jenia. "The Influence of Aspects of Social Identity on the Development of L2 Phonology." Lifespans and Styles 2, no. 2 (August 5, 2006): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2218/ls.v2i2.2016.1611.
Full textAbstract:
Over time, second language (L2) speech production changes as the learner gains more experience with the language. Factors such as interaction with native speakers of the learner’s L2 are known to play an important role. It is less clear to what extent, if at all, aspects of social identity influence the development of the L2 (Hansen Edwards 2008:372– 373). This longitudinal study examines the development of the actor Jackie Chan’s L2 (English) phonology. His speech production in two time periods 9 years apart is contrasted: in 1998, before he gained success in the English-speaking world; and in 2007, after he had released multiple Hollywood blockbusters.To check that factors such as age of acquisition were not the only reason for a lack of alignment over time towards English native-speaker norms, another context was taken from 2007, namely, an interview with a French native speaker. In foreigner-directed speech, there exists a pressure to produce more standard variants (Zuengler 1991:234). If Chan uses fewer non-standard variants with a non-native English speaker than with a native English speaker, it would imply that there is some degree of intent in his usage of non-standard forms and that his development, or lack thereof, is not only due to uncontrollable factors of second language acquisition.Two variables are examined: his production of stops in word-final codas containing a single stop and in wordfinal consonant clusters containing a stop as the final consonant. Native speakers of English generally pronounce these stops, whereas native speakers of Chinese often simplify them by deleting or glottalising them (Setter et al. 2010:15, Hansen 2001:340).In 2007, Chan is found to use a greater rate of the standard non-simplified variant than previously; however, he also simplifies his pronunciation by deleting the stop in the codas more often than in 1998. He uses standard forms that align with English native speakers to a greater extent when talking to non-native speakers. After 9 years of working in Hollywood, he would have gained more experience with English due to his social network consisting of more English native speakers, resulting in the expected increased alignment with native-speaker norms. However, his English has developed so that the non-standard variant of deletion is also used to a greater extent; the usage of this variant emphasises Chan’s identity as a Chinese native speaker. This emphasis is possible because of his success in between the two time periods: not only does he no longer have to align as much as possible with English native speakers so as to appeal to the English-speaking market, his success as a specifically Chinese martial artist means that highlighting his identity as a Chinese native speaker has more linguistic capital. Thus, it seems that factors of an L2 learner’s social identity do indeed influence the acquisition and development of their L2.
47
Hayes, Lydia. "How to sound Spanish in English: questionnaire findings and implications for English-language original and dubbed fiction." XLinguae 15, no. 2 (April 2022): 33–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.18355/xl.2022.15.02.03.
Full textAbstract:
In this article, I analyse the results of a questionnaire conducted in order to discern how to sound Spanish in English or, more precisely, how to be perceived as a native-Spanish speaker by native-English speakers. The study set out to determine the degree of specificity to which native-English speakers perceive foreign accents in English, in general, and Hispanic-accented English, in particular. The study also aimed to elucidate the key phonetic realisations that contribute to an accent being perceived particularly as such and whether that perception requires authenticity. The final main aim was to uncover the personality characteristics Anglophones associate with Hispanic-accented speakers. With regard to this last point, I delve into the concept of dialectal memes, which explain how social value is inextricably linked to and therefore indexed by accents, and test the hypothesis that memes exist. In addition to exploring answers to the questions at the core of these aims, I provide further analysis on tangential findings revealed in the participants’ responses, such as the matter of whether celebrity or knowledge of a speaker’s identity, e.g. Rafael Nadal or Penélope Cruz, generates perception bias. Ultimately, the analysis provided in this article aspires to elevate foreign varieties of English to pluricentric status in the Anglosphere, and to lay the grounds on which to posit that the most defining characteristic of these varieties is accent. In addition, I consider how the findings might inform fictional renditions of foreign accents in both original and dubbed versions.
48
VANLANCKER–SIDTIS, DIANA. "Auditory recognition of idioms by native and nonnative speakers of English: It takes one to know one." Applied Psycholinguistics 24, no. 1 (January 21, 2003): 45–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716403000031.
Full textAbstract:
The abilities of second language speakers to discriminate the prosodic contrasts between idiomatic and literal meanings of ambiguous sentences were investigated using utterances previously shown to be reliably identified by acoustic cues. Four listener groups of varying proficiency, native speakers of American English, native speakers of non-American English, fluent nonnative speakers of English, and advanced students of English as a second language (ESL), judged whether single and paired, tape-recorded, literal and idiomatic utterances were spoken with intended idiomatic or literal meanings. Both native speaker groups performed significantly better than fluent nonnatives, while ESL students performed at chance. These results lend support to the hypothesis that abilities to discriminate subtle prosodic contrasts are learned later than other components of speech and language.
49
Gold, Erica, Christin Kirchhübel, Kate Earnshaw, and Sula Ross. "Regional variation in British English voice quality." English World-Wide 43, no. 1 (December 3, 2021): 96–123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eww.20007.gol.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This study considers regional variation of voice quality in two varieties of British English – Southern Standard British English and West Yorkshire English. A comparison of voice quality profiles for three closely related but not identical northern varieties within West Yorkshire is also considered. Our findings do not contradict the small subset of previous research which explored regional and/or social variation in voice quality in British English insofar as regionality may play a small role in a speaker’s voice quality profile. However, factors such as social standing and identity could perhaps be even more relevant. Even when considering homogeneous groups of speakers, it is not the case that there is a cohesive voice quality profile that can be attached to every speaker within the group. The reason for this, we argue, is the speaker-specificity inherent in voice quality.
50
Brehm, Laurel, Carrie N. Jackson, and Karen L. Miller. "Speaker-specific processing of anomalous utterances." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 72, no. 4 (March 30, 2018): 764–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747021818765547.
Full textAbstract:
Existing work shows that readers often interpret grammatical errors (e.g., The key to the cabinets *were shiny) and sentence-level blends (“without-blend”: Claudia left without her headphones *off) in a non-literal fashion, inferring that a more frequent or more canonical utterance was intended instead. This work examines how interlocutor identity affects the processing and interpretation of anomalous sentences. We presented anomalies in the context of “emails” attributed to various writers in a self-paced reading paradigm and used comprehension questions to probe how sentence interpretation changed based upon properties of the item and properties of the “speaker.” Experiment 1 compared standardised American English speakers to L2 English speakers; Experiment 2 compared the same standardised English speakers to speakers of a non-Standardised American English dialect. Agreement errors and without-blends both led to more non-literal responses than comparable canonical items. For agreement errors, more non-literal interpretations also occurred when sentences were attributed to speakers of Standardised American English than either non-Standardised group. These data suggest that understanding sentences relies on expectations and heuristics about which utterances are likely. These are based upon experience with language, with speaker-specific differences, and upon more general cognitive biases.