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Bushueva, Emiliia. "Topical Methods for Shaping a Linguistic World View in International Relations Students." Bulletin of Baikal State University 29, no. 4 (December 20, 2019): 576–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(4).576-580.
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The language is a specific type of human activity, «a shape of thought». As a means of communication, it acts as an exponent of the speaker’s spirit and world outlook. The issue of shaping a linguistic world view in students of non-linguistic colleges and, in particular, the problem of the language impact on the way of view of life still requires its solution. The author of the article harks back to the history of foreign linguistic school of thoughts of German linguists Wilhelm von Humboldt (founder of theoretical linguistics) and Johann Leo Weisgerber (who proposed the term «the linguistic world view»), of American ethno-linguists Edward Sepir (author of the comprehensive typological classification of languages of the world) and Benjamin Whorf (author of the theory of linguistic relativity), of an English philosopher John Langsho Ostin, one of the creators of the theory of speech acts. The article mentions some ideas of the Russian world view presented in works of the national linguists, such as A.A. Potebnya, A. Vezhbitskaya, Ye.S. Kubryakova, V.M. Vorobyev. Drawing on many years of experience of teaching the English language in departments of international relations, linguistics and translation studies in St. Petersburg Institute for External Economic Relations, Economics and Law, the author examines the methods of shaping the linguistic world view in students of International Relations and Linguistics. As an example, the author brings forth a scenario of the lecture course in the discipline «Professional Foreign Language (English) in Studying the Topic «National Identity».
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Stell, Gerald. "Ethnicity in linguistic variation." Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) 20, no. 3 (September 1, 2010): 425–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/prag.20.3.06ste.
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The Afrikaans speech community is characterized by a long-standing rift between Whites and Coloureds, and is for a large part bilingual, with English being increasingly integrated in its stylistic repertoire. Yet, the history of English is different across the White/Coloured divide, as in particular in terms of diffusion and in terms of ideological associations. The question we wish to ask is twofold. First, how far may there be a question of ethnic norms of Afrikaans-English code-switching? Second, if norms of code-switching are different across the ethnic divide, is code-switching used differently in the negotiation of White and Coloured identities? This contribution is organized in three main parts. First, we give an overview of the different norms of Afrikaans-English code-switching encountered across Whites and Coloureds on the basis of a corpus of informal speech data. Then we give an overview of the sequential patterns of Afrikaans-English code-switching following a CA methodology. Finally, we determine with the help of macrosocial knowledge in how far these different forms and functions of Afrikaans-English code-switching are made relevant to the projection of White and Coloured identities in South Africa’s current post-Apartheid context on the basis of select individual examples. The results of our analysis indicate that Afrikaans-English code-switching in the Coloured data displays the features of a ‘mixed code’, which is perceived as a ‘we-code’, where English input tends to be stylistically neutral. By contrast, English input is more syntactically and sequentially salient in the White data, and more visibly serves purposes of identity-negotiation. Despite those differences, there remains a clear correlation in both White and Coloured samples between the use of English monolingual code and affiliation with ‘New South African values’.
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Hertsovska, N. О., and O. М. Labosh. "LEXICAL MEANS OF LOVE VERBALIZATION IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE." PRECARPATHIAN BULLETIN OF THE SHEVCHENKO SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY Word, no. 3(55) (April 12, 2019): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.31471/2304-7402-2019-3(55)-81-88.
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In the history of any national culture, issues relating to human relationships, such as love and friendship, have always been and still remain of paramount importance. Aspects and the peculiarities of such relationships have always been the cause of misunderstandings among people. The phenomenon of love is still not fully understood. Therefore, the article explores the conceptual aspect of the love notion in English, the means of its verbalization and its main components. The love concept, which is verbalized by the means of contemporary English, is defined as a certain abstract unit that reproduces the centuries-old experience of the people in the form of various notions about this feeling. Love as a complex phenomenon of various spheres of human life has a high status in many disciplines of different cycles, therefore the study of this notion is relevant not only in lexicology or linguistics, but also in philosophy, ethics, sociology, and other sciences. Various linguistic means for representation of love in English have been studied and the main components of this notion have been identified. The main components of the notion of love have been defined, the expression of the notion in psychological texts has been analyzed, and duality as a conceptual feature of love has been described. Verbalized ideas about the inner world of a person who is the bearer of a particular culture have been considered. The notion of love has been investigated precisely from the linguistic side, also because the culture of love in the European space is primarily a verbal culture, which is closely linked to its verbal expression. There is every reason to believe that love is understood as one of the main aspects of human life and is recognized as one of the primary factors in human relationships, which is reflected in the language conceptualization. Thus, the conducted analysis allowed to reveal the versatility and multi-component character of the notion of love in the English language.
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Rumbaut, Rubén G., and Douglas S. Massey. "Immigration & Language Diversity in the United States." Daedalus 142, no. 3 (July 2013): 141–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/daed_a_00224.
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While the United States historically has been a polyglot nation characterized by great linguistic diversity, it has also been a zone of language extinction in which immigrant tongues fade and are replaced by monolingual English within a few generations. In 1910, 10 million people reported a mother tongue other than English, notably German, Italian, Yiddish, and Polish. The subsequent end of mass immigration from Europe led to a waning of language diversity and the most linguistically homogenous era in American history. But the revival of immigration after 1970 propelled the United States back toward its historical norm. By 2010, 60 million people (a fifth of the population) spoke a non-English language, especially Spanish. In this essay, we assess the effect of new waves of immigration on language diversity in the United States, map its evolution demographically and geographically, and consider what linguistic patterns are likely to persist and prevail in the twenty-first century.
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Longmore, Paul K. "“Good English without Idiom or Tone”: The Colonial Origins of American Speech." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 37, no. 4 (April 2007): 513–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jinh.2007.37.4.513.
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The interplay between modes of speech and the demographical, geographical, social, and political history of Britain's North American colonies of settlement influenced the linguistic evolution of colonial English speech. By the early to mid-eighteenth century, regional varieties of English emerged that were not only regionally comprehensible but perceived by many observers as homogeneous in contrast to the deep dialectical differences in Britain. Many commentators also declared that Anglophone colonial speech matched metropolitan standard English. As a result, British colonials in North America possessed a national language well before they became “Americans.” This shared manner of speech inadvertently helped to prepare them for independent American nation-hood.
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Enfield, N. J., and Anna Wierzbicka. "Introduction." Pragmatics and Cognition 10, no. 1-2 (July 11, 2002): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/pc.10.1-2.02enf.
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Anthropologists and linguists have long been aware that the body is explicitly referred to in conventional description of emotion in languages around the world. There is abundant linguistic data showing expression of emotions in terms of their imagined ‘locus’ in the physical body. The most important methodological issue in the study of emotions is language, for the ways people talk give us access to ‘folk descriptions’ of the emotions. ‘Technical terminology’, whether based on English or otherwise, is not excluded from this ‘folk’ status. It may appear to be safely ‘scientific’ and thus culturally neutral, but in fact it is not: technical English is a variety of English and reflects, to some extent, culture-specific ways of thinking (and categorising) associated with the English language. People — as researchers studying other people, or as people in real-life social association — cannot directly access the emotional experience of others, and language is the usual mode of ‘packaging’ one’s experience so it may be accessible to others. Careful description of linguistic data from as broad as possible a cross-linguistic base is thus an important part of emotion research. All people experience biological events and processes associated with certain thoughts (or, as psychologists say, ‘appraisals’), but there is more to ‘emotion’ than just these physiological phenomena. Speakers of some languages talk about their emotional experiences as if they are located in some internal organ such as ‘the liver’, yet they cannot localise feeling in this physical organ. This phenomenon needs to be understood better, and one of the problems is finding a method of comparison that allows us to compare descriptions from different languages which show apparently great formal and semantic variation. Some simple concepts including feel and body are universal or near-universal, and as such are good candidates for terms of description which may help to eradicate confusion and exoticism from cross-linguistic comparison and semantic typology. Semantic analysis reveals great variation in concepts of emotion across languages and cultures — but such analysis requires a sound and well-founded methodology. While leaving room for different approaches to the task, we suggest that such a methodology can be based on empirically established linguistic universal (or near-universal) concepts, and on ‘cognitive scenarios’ articulated in terms of these concepts. Also, we warn against the danger of exoticism involved in taking all body part references ‘literally’. Above all, we argue that what is needed is a combination of empirical cross-linguistic investigations and a theoretical and methodological awareness, recognising the impossibility of exploring other people’s emotions without keeping language in focus: both as an object and as a tool of study.
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Lams, Lutgard. "Linguistic tools of empowerment and alienation in the Chinese official press." Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) 20, no. 3 (September 1, 2010): 315–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/prag.20.3.02lam.
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Attempts at reinvigorating mythical sensations of shared values and cultural identities happen particularly at times of dislocatory events in a community’s history, when ‘the national Self’ is perceived to be threatened by external forces. Such a critical moment for China was the collision between a US surveillance plane and a Chinese F-8 jet fighter on April 1, 2001, and the ensuing diplomatic standoff between the US and China. As the Chinese authorities and the state media viewed this incident in a series of ambiguous incidents involving the US, it was concluded that the collision had been the inevitable outcome of US hegemonism intended to provoke China. It is this concurrence of events, triggering feelings of disempowerment of the Self that causes recurrent flurries of heated anti-Other rhetoric. Boundaries of exclusion/inclusion along cultural, historical and political lines set up the Other as the negative mirror of the Self, which as a consequence is positively reasserted. Informed by insights from Language Pragmatics and Critical Discourse Analysis, this paper sets out to examine linguistic tools of alienation and empowerment in the Chinese official press narratives about the collision, comprising the Chinese-language Renmin Ribao, its English equivalent The People’s Daily and the English-language China Daily. It aims to trace processes of meaning generation, in particular discursive practices of an ideological nature, such as antagonistic portrayals of in- and outgroups, hegemonic exercise of power, as well as naturalized conceptualizations of contingent processes, structures and relations.
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Aroshidze, Marine, and Nino Aroshidze. "The Role of the Language Priorities in Development of Society." Balkanistic Forum 30, no. 1 (January 5, 2021): 105–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.37708/bf.swu.v30i1.6.
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The need to comprehend contemporary global problems the mankind is facing poses demands to modern science to expand the range of functions and strengthen interac-tion between areas of society. The modern anthropocentric scientific paradigm makes a focus on the interdisciplinary research of the civilizational processes of social de-velopment, which created the need for a comprehensive study of sociocultural and linguistic processes in their functional interaction during the historical development of society.The process of human socialization is, first of all, the mastery of the symbolic cultural code and cultural memory of society, which in modern society is losing its usual monoculturism and is increasingly acquiring a bi- and multicultural character, which poses a pressing multifaceted problem for society - linguistic policy, linguistic consciousness, persona lingua. The language policy of any particular country or region is dictated by the prevailing socio-political situation in the country and contributes to shaping the fate of this country for it regulates the status of the state language, the language of the press, education, and science.In each society, certain language priorities are formed, as well as language prohibitions that regulate the life of society, and the formation of the worldview of the participants in society depends on the languages being assimilated. Not surprisingly, the problems of language (with the light hand of the philosopher Ludwig Wittgen-stein) have long exceeded philological problems of philological problems. The language policy of small countries largely depends on foreign policy fac-tors; it is interesting to follow the example of Georgia to trace the change in language priorities in different historical eras (from Arabic, Persian, Greek, Latin, Turkish to Russian, and now to English). The Second World War became an important milestone for Soviet Georgia in language policy: the spiritual unity of all the peoples of the USSR was so intense that the formation of a single supra-ethnic community “Soviet nation” was successfully supported by language policy: having Russian as the second native language. The education system and the press were fully focused on the Russian language. The schools taught foreign languages (French, German, English) by choice, but the minimization of hours, the grammatical approach and the lack of language practice allowed only units to learn European languages at the level of free communi-cation.The 1990s became a period of forced breaking of habitual linguistic priorities for Georgia, free of imperial influence. English has become compulsory subject matter at all stages of the Georgian educational system, Russian is studied only by choice as a second foreign language with a minimum number of hours. The previously banned Turkish language is strengthening its position, especially in Adjara, neighboring Turkey.
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Allen, Cynthia L. "Reconsidering the history of like." Journal of Linguistics 22, no. 2 (September 1986): 375–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226700010847.
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The history of the verb like has attracted a good deal of interest among linguists and students of the history of English, from Van der Gaaf (1904) and Jespersen (1927) up to Elmer (1981), Lightfoot (1981), and Fischer and Van der Leek (1983). The interest in this verb is caused by the fact that it presents a clear case of a verb changing its assignment of semantic to syntactic roles. In Modern English (ModE), this verb subcategorizes for a cause, which takes the grammatical role of object, and an experiencer, which plays the role of subject. But in Old English (OE), the semantic roles were assigned to the opposite grammatical roles:It is generally assumed (with an exception to be discussed below), that this change is an instance of syntactic reanalysis. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that no reanalysis of a structure has taken place; rather, a new subcategorization frame has been introduced and gradually ousted the old one.
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Métraux, Alexandre. "Opening Remarks on the History of Science in Yiddish." Science in Context 20, no. 2 (June 2007): 145–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269889707001226.
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When introducing a collection of essays on Yiddish, Joseph Sherman asserted, among other things, that: Although the Nazi Holocaust effectively destroyed Yiddish together with the Jews of Eastern Europe for whom it was a lingua franca, the Yiddish language, its literature and culture have proven remarkably resilient. Against all odds, Yiddish has survived to become a focus of serious intellectual, artistic and scholarly activity in the sixty-odd years that have passed since the end of World War II. From linguistic and literary research in the leading universities of the world to the dedicated creativity of contemporary novelists and poets in Israel and America, from the adaptation of Yiddish words and phrases to the uses of daily newspapers in English to the elevation of Yiddish as a new loshn koydesh by Hasidic sects, from the publication of new writing to the translation of its established canonical works into modern European languages, Yiddish is continually reminding the world of its vibrancy, relevance and importance as a marker of Jewish identity and survival. (Sherman 2004, 9)
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Kellsey, Charlene, and Jennifer E. Knievel. "Global English in the Humanities? A Longitudinal Citation Study of Foreign-Language Use by Humanities Scholars." College & Research Libraries 65, no. 3 (May 1, 2004): 194–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/crl.65.3.194.
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The authors counted 16,138 citations within 468 articles found in four journals from history, classics, linguistics, and philosophy in the years 1962, 1972, 1982, 1992, and 2002 in order to identify trends in foreign-language citation behavior of humanities scholars over time. The number of foreign-language sources cited in the four subjects has not declined over time. Consistent levels of foreign-language citation from humanities scholars indicate a need for U.S. research libraries to continue to purchase foreign-language materials and to recruit catalogers and collection development specialists with foreign-language knowledge.
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Tsypanov, E. A. "Language errors in the translation of Pitirim Sorokin’s autobiographical book «A Long Journey» into the Komi language." Bulletin of Ugric studies 11, no. 1 (2021): 130–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.30624/2220-4156-2021-11-1-130-138.
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Introduction: in modern linguistics, a branch of linguistics – translation studies – was formed. Its aim is to research the processes of translations from one language to other in different aspects. Based on the material of the Russian Finno-Ugric languages, this branch of science takes its first steps. In this article, we analyze the texts of the autobiography by P. Sorokin «A long Journey. The autobiography of Pitirim Sorokin» (1963) in the Russian and Komi languages; fragments of texts are compared with the original English text; language errors in translation were identified. Objective: to consider the language errors in the use of vocabulary in the text of the translation of P. A. Sorokin’s autobiography into the Komi language identified by systematic comparisons of fragments of texts in the English, Russian and Komi languages. Research materials: the texts of P. A. Sorokin’s autobiography published in separate books of different years. Results and novelty of the research: the article for the first time considers translation errors found in the text of the translation of the autobiography of the world-famous sociologist, a native of the Komi region, Pitirim Alexandrovich Sorokin into the Komi language, published as a separate book in Syktyvkar in 2013. The errors are analyzed on the basis of successive comparisons with the English-language original and the translation of the same book into the Russian, published in Syktyvkar in 1991. The analysis of the translation language (the first 40 pages of the autobiography) allowed us to conclude that the translation into the Komi language was not made from the original language, as it is stated in the bibliographic description, but from the Russian translation of the autobiography, since most of the translation errors from the Russianlanguage text were transferred to the Komi-language text.
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Nurmi, Arja, and Janne Skaffari. "Managing Latin: support and intratextual translation as mediation strategies in the history of English." Text & Talk 41, no. 4 (February 8, 2021): 493–513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/text-2019-0211.
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Abstract Our study maps the practices of managing Latin in English texts from over a thousand years. Mediation is a communicative activity which involves explaining the content of a conversation or text to another person. In contexts of multilingual writing, this is typically self-mediation, which a writer may perform by complementing code-switches with intratextual translations in the text. The data for the study are drawn from corpora of English historical texts, dictionaries and manuscripts, and mediation is analyzed in terms of support, intratextual translation and flagging. The findings show that while cognitive support helps a reader understand all of the content of the text, intratextual translation may also have relational functions, where the reader is expected to understand both languages used, as when code-switching and translation are a vehicle for humor. Intratextual translation can also be used to add credibility to the writer’s argument or to link it to a broader discussion on the topic. Mediation is also facilitated by flagging code-switching and intratextual translation metalinguistically or visually. Support is needed for Latin as a language which has always been part of relatively few English-speakers’ repertoire, but these strategies are expected to apply to other language pairs as well.
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Kim, Hyeree. "Review of Warner (1993): English Auxiliaries: Structure and History." Diachronica 12, no. 2 (January 1, 1995): 277–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.12.2.13kim.
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Sun, Kuo-Chan, and Tsan Huang. "A cross-linguistic study of Taiwanese tone perception by Taiwanese and English listeners." Journal of East Asian Linguistics 21, no. 3 (May 15, 2012): 305–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10831-012-9092-9.
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Block, David. "The Globalisation of English and the English Language Classroom." Journal of Sociolinguistics 10, no. 2 (April 2006): 258–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-6441.2006.0327d.x.
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Westergaard, Marit. "Word Order in Old and Middle English." Diachronica 26, no. 1 (April 9, 2009): 65–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.26.1.03wes.
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In the history of English one finds a mixture of V2 and non-V2 word order in declaratives for several hundred years, with frequencies suggesting a relatively gradual development in the direction of non-V2. Within an extended version of a cue-based approach to acquisition and change, this paper argues that there are many possible V2 grammars, differing from each other with respect to clause types, information structure, and the behavior of specific lexical elements. This variation may be formulated in terms of micro-cues. Child language data from present-day mixed systems show that such grammars are acquired early. The apparent optionality of V2 in the history of English may thus be considered to represent several different V2 grammars in succession, and it is not necessary to refer to competition between two major parameter settings. Diachronic language development can thus be argued to occur in small steps, reflecting the loss of micro-cues, and giving the impression that change is gradual.
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Ronneberger, Elke. "Gender Shifts in the History of English. By Anne Curzan." Diachronica 25, no. 1 (May 14, 2008): 111–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.25.1.06ron.
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Masiulionytė, Virginija, and Vaiva Žeimantienė. "Languages and their Usage in Research: An Examination of Academic Journals at Vilnius University." Coactivity: Philology, Educology 24, no. 2 (May 9, 2017): 101–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/cpe.2016.303.
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This paper aims to examine the usage and role of languages in different research areas in Lithuania. To answer these questions, a case study was undertaken, investigating the academic journals published at Vilnius University in the period from 2004 to 2013. The list of periodical publications chosen for investigation consists of 24 research journals. 8 journals cover the area of humanities, 11 the area of social sciences and 5 the area of natural and formal sciences. In the course of the investigation 5664 research articles were analyzed. The specific concern was the language of the article itself, the language of its summary/abstract and languages of reference works. The analysis of the whole period data shows that the main language of the articles in the area of humanities is the national language (Lithuanian, 60.9%), followed be English (22.6%). Among the other languages, German (7.4%) and Russian (6.9%) seem to be of importance. It can be noted that there was no significant change in the language usage tendencies between 2004 and 2013. In the social sciences area, the researchers publish mainly in Lithuanian (65.5%) and English (31.9%), whereby English clearly dominates in the papers on economics. The same two languages can be found in the area of natural and formal sciences with English as by far the dominant language (91.5%). In is noteworthy that during the period considered, the number of articles in English in both of these areas – social sciences and natural and formal sciences – has slightly grown (ca. 7–8%). To summarize the findings, English is the dominant language in 9 among the investigated 24 research journals and is mainly used in papers on economics, natural sciences, mathematics, informatics and Oriental studies. Lithuanian is the first language of choice in 11 journals (papers on history, religion, philosophy, psychology, sociology, law, education studies, communication, information and geography). Multilingual are the journals covering linguistics, literature and archeology.
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Golston, Chris. "Review of McMahon (2000): Lexical phonology and the history of English." Diachronica 18, no. 1 (December 31, 2001): 171–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.18.1.13gol.
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Algeo, John. "Review of Lass (1987): The Shape of English: Structure and History." Diachronica 5, no. 1-2 (January 1, 1988): 219–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.5.1-2.13alg.
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Cheang, Henry S., and Marc D. Pell. "Recognizing sarcasm without language." Pragmatics and Cognition 19, no. 2 (August 10, 2011): 203–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/pc.19.2.02che.
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The goal of the present research was to determine whether certain speaker intentions conveyed through prosody in an unfamiliar language can be accurately recognized. English and Cantonese utterances expressing sarcasm, sincerity, humorous irony, or neutrality through prosody were presented to English and Cantonese listeners unfamiliar with the other language. Listeners identified the communicative intent of utterances in both languages in a crossed design. Participants successfully identified sarcasm spoken in their native language but identified sarcasm at near-chance levels in the unfamiliar language. Both groups were relatively more successful at recognizing the other attitudes when listening to the unfamiliar language (in addition to the native language). Our data suggest that while sarcastic utterances in Cantonese and English share certain acoustic features, these cues are insufficient to recognize sarcasm between languages; rather, this ability depends on (native) language experience.
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Koerner, E. F. Konrad. "Wilhelm Von Humboldt and North American Ethnolinguistics." Historiographia Linguistica 17, no. 1-2 (January 1, 1990): 111–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hl.17.1-2.10koe.
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Summary Noam Chomsky’s frequent references to the work of Wilhelm von Humboldt during the 1960s produced a considerable revival of interest in this 19th-century scholar in North America. This paper demonstrates that there has been a long-standing influence of Humboldt’s ideas on American linguistics and that no ‘rediscovery’ was required. Although Humboldt’s first contacts with North-American scholars goes back to 1803, the present paper is confined to the posthumous phase of his influence which begins with the work of Heymann Steinthal (1823–1899) from about 1850 onwards. This was also a time when many young Americans went to Germany to complete their education; for instance William Dwight Whitney (1827–1894) spent several years at the universities of Tübingen and Berlin (1850–1854), and in his writings on general linguistics one can trace Humboldtian ideas. In 1885 Daniel G. Brinton (1837–1899) published an English translation of a manuscript by Humboldt on the structure of the verb in Amerindian languages. A year later Franz Boas (1858–1942) arrived from Berlin soon to establish himself as the foremost anthropologist with a strong interest in native language and culture. From then on we encounter Humboldtian ideas in the work of a number of North American anthropological linguists, most notably in the work of Edward Sapir (1884–1939). This is not only true with regard to matters of language classification and typology but also with regard to the philosophy of language, specifically, the relationship between a particular language structure and the kind of thinking it reflects or determines on the part of its speakers. Humboldtian ideas of ‘linguistic relativity’, enunciated in the writings of Whitney, Brinton, Boas, and others, were subsequently developed further by Sapir’s student Benjamin Lee Whorf (1897–1941). The transmission of the so-called Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis – which still today is attracting interest among cultural anthropologists and social psychologists, not only in North America – is the focus of the remainder of the paper. A general Humboldtian approach to language and culture, it is argued, is still present in the work of Dell Hymes and several of his students.
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Deterding, David. "Philippine English: Linguistic and Literary Perspectives edited by Ma. Lourdes S. Bautista and Kingsley Bolton." Journal of Sociolinguistics 15, no. 3 (June 2011): 416–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9841.2011.00496.x.
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Cho, John Song Pae. "Global fatigue: Transnational markets, linguistic capital, and Korean-American male English teachers in South Korea1." Journal of Sociolinguistics 16, no. 2 (April 2012): 218–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9841.2011.00526.x.
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Houser, Nathan. "Semiotics and Philosophy." American Journal of Semiotics 36, no. 1 (2020): 135–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/ajs202082764.
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Semiotics has not been warmly welcomed as an area of research concentration within philosophy, especially not within philosophy in the English empirical tradition. But when we consider that much of the focus of semiotic research is signification, reference, and representation, it seems evident that semiotic questions are as old as reflective thought itself. A look at how these questions have been treated throughout the history of philosophy suggests that Umberto Eco was right in claiming that most major philosophers have grappled with sign theory, if only implicitly. The theory of signs was an active area of research during the Middle Ages and John Locke opened the Modern Age with the recommendation that semiotics should be cultivated. But the philosophers of Modernity embraced a Cartesian separation between mind and body unsupportive of a robust science of signs. When semiotics emerged as a discrete field of research in the writings of Charles S. Peirce and in the semiology of Ferdinand de Saussure, it remained on the fringes of philosophy. Around mid-20th century there was a resurgence of interest in semiotics and a promising attempt was made to merge American pragmatism and semiotics with the logical empiricism of the Vienna Circle. But that effort failed and semiotics was excluded from mainstream philosophy. There is now reason to suppose that philosophy, no longer under the domination of analytic philosophy, may be moving into a new period when a weakening commitment to epistemological nominalism will make room for a return to semiotic realism. Perhaps the time is right to follow Locke’s lead and to reconcile formal semiotics with philosophy—possibly heralding a new paradigm.
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Poveda, David, Frances Giampapa, and Ana María Relaño-Pastor. "Gatekeeping the interactional order: field access and linguistic ideologies in Content and Language Integrated Learning–type bilingual education programs in Spanish secondary schools." Qualitative Research 20, no. 6 (March 5, 2020): 854–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468794120909072.
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This article reflexively discusses field access as a continuous process in linguistic ethnographic fieldwork and illustrates how interactions generated during negotiations to establish a research collaboration, initial contacts with participants or data gathered to complement audio-visual recordings of naturally occurring interaction can, in fact, become rich sources to answer research questions. The discussion is based on a critical sociolinguistic ethnography on the implementation of English-Spanish ‘bilingual programs’ in a mid-sized city in central Spain. To build this discussion we propose a framework in which particular research stances held by participants become closely intertwined with particular research processes, spaces and techniques.
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Nicholas, Nick, and Bernard Comrie. "Review of Jucker (1995): Historical Pragmatics: Pragmatic Developments in the History of English." Diachronica 15, no. 1 (January 1, 1998): 165–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.15.1.10nic.
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Woods, Nicola J. "The Formation and Development of New Zealand English: Interaction of Gender-Related Variation and Linguistic Change." Journal of Sociolinguistics 1, no. 1 (February 1997): 95–125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9481.00005.
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Mohammed, Ali Albashir, Majda Babiker Ahmed, and Dina Ali Abdullah. "A Pragma-stylistic-assessment of Three Translations of the Meanings of Surratt Fatir into English." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 9, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0901.03.
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The current paper aims at investigating the stylistic constrains encounter the translators of the Holy Qura'n into English, through analysis and comparison, the incongruities and disparities of meaning and style in translating the Qur'anic pragama- stylistic expressions into English, that is in the work of Mohammed Abdel Haleem, Pickthall and Mohammed Khan and Taj Al-Din Al-Hilalim (.http://www.aijcrnet.com/journal/index/1128.The study found that different translation strategies could lead to different translated versions of the same Qur'anic pragama-stylistics. Also, Qur'anic pragma-stylistic differences between Arabic and English languages seem to give rise to mistranslations as far as the religious text of Qur'anic texts. It is hoped that the study will cast new light on main important idea that the translators of the Holy Qur'an should consult the main books of exegesis, linguistics, philosophy, intertextuality, jurisprudence and history, etc., when he/she tries to render the Qur'anic prgama-stylistics.
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Steele, Felicia Jean. "Studies in the history of the English language VIII: Generalizing vs. particularizing methodologies in historical linguistic analysis. 2016. Ed. by Don Chapman, Colette Moore & Miranda Wilcox." Diachronica 34, no. 4 (December 31, 2017): 577–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.00001.ste.
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Tagliamonte, Sali A., and Jennifer Smith. "Layering, competition and a twist of fate." Diachronica 23, no. 2 (December 15, 2006): 341–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.23.2.06tag.
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This paper examines an area of ongoing change in English — deontic modality — and uses an archive of synchronic dialect data from England, Scotland and Northern Ireland to discover new information about its development. History records a cline in this system from must to have to to have got to. By taking a cross-dialectal perspective and utilizing comparative sociolinguistic methods we present a possible reconstruction of the later steps in this process. The results reveal dialectal contrasts in the proportion of older and newer forms, but similar patterns of use. Must is obsolescent and there is an unanticipated resurgence of have to alongside pan-dialectal grammatical reorganization: (1) have to is being used in contexts traditionally encoded by must and (2) have got to is specializing for indefinite reference. Young women are the leading edge in these developments suggesting that systemic adjustments in grammar combine with sociolinguistic influences to advance linguistic change.
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Pavlenko, Aneta. "Emotions and the body in Russian and English." Pragmatics and Cognition 10, no. 1-2 (July 11, 2002): 207–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/pc.10.1-2.10pav.
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The goal of the present paper is to examine Wierzbicka’s (1992, 1998a, 1999) claims that the connection between emotions and the body is encoded and emphasized in Russian to a higher degree than it is in English, and that English favors the adjectival pattern in emotion discourse, while Russian prefers the verbal one. The study analyzes oral narratives elicited through the same visual stimuli from 40 monolingual Russians and 40 monolingual Americans. The results of the quantitative and qualitative analyses of the narrative corpus support Wierzbicka’s claims, suggesting that ‘the reading of the body’ is not a culture- and language-free experience, but is shaped by cultural, social, and linguistic forces, as well as by individual differences. At the same time, neither quantitative nor qualitative differences have been identified with regard to gendered use of emotion discourse.
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Lorden, Jennifer A. "Tale and Parable: Theorizing Fictions in the Old English Boethius." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 136, no. 3 (May 2021): 340–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/s0030812921000249.
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AbstractScholarship has often considered the concept of fiction a modern phenomenon. But the Old English Boethius teaches us that medieval people could certainly tell that a fictional story was a lie, although it was hard for them to explain why it was all right that it was a lie—this is the problem the Old English Boethius addresses for the first time in the history of the English language. In translating Boethius's sixth-century Consolation of Philosophy, the ninth-century Old English Boethius offers explanatory comments on its source's narrative exempla drawn from classical myth. While some of these comments explain stories unfamiliar to early medieval English audiences, others consider how such “false stories” may be read and experienced by those properly prepared to encounter them. In so doing, the Old English Boethius must adopt and adapt a terminology for fiction that is unique in the extant corpus of Old English writing.
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Halonen, Mia, and Sari Pietikäinen. "Mocking fakeness." Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) 27, no. 4 (November 3, 2017): 507–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/prag.27.4.02hal.
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Abstract Phonetic resources, like dialects and accents, are used in ethnic humour to build up a recognisable character that pokes fun at the stereotypes associated with a particular identity, sometimes with critical and political undertones. In this article, we examine the manipulation of one such resource, aspiration, used in performing and mocking one such clichéd character, called the fake Sámi. This character has a contested history in Finnish tourism and marketing practices, and is embedded in a long-standing debate about who can use emblems of Sámi identity for economic purposes. Adopting a sociophonetic language regard and folk linguistics approaches (Preston 2010; Niedzielski & Preston 2003) we explore how “fakeness” is constructed phonetically by the actors performing “Fake Sámi” in an indigenous Sámi television comedy show during a period of intense political debate in Finland over the legal definition of the category of indigenous Sámi. By analysing the use of hyperbolic aspiration of a prominent feature of Lappish Finnish dialect, the non-initial syllable /h/-sound, we show how the fakeness is performed by evoking linguistic stereotypes of a Finnish Lappish dialect and a Finnish English accent by a deliberate misuse of aspiration: aspirating when standard phonemes in speech should not be aspirated and not aspirating when phonemes should be aspirated. We argue that this kind of deliberate ambivalence and misuse of phonetic resources is a phonetic resource for reflexive postmodern identity performances.
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Pringle, Ian. "Review of Hughes (1988): Words in Time: A social history of the English vocabulary." Diachronica 8, no. 1 (January 1, 1991): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.8.1.09pri.
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Wolk, Christoph, Joan Bresnan, Anette Rosenbach, and Benedikt Szmrecsanyi. "Dative and genitive variability in Late Modern English." Diachronica 30, no. 3 (October 31, 2013): 382–419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.30.3.04wol.
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We present a cross-constructional approach to the history of the genitive alternation and the dative alternation in Late Modern English (AD 1650 to AD 1999), drawing on richly annotated datasets and modern statistical modeling techniques. We identify cross-constructional similarities in the development of the genitive and the dative alternation over time (mainly with regard to the loosening of the animacy constraint), a development which parallels distributional changes in animacy categories in the corpus material. Theoretically, we transfer the notion of ‘probabilistic grammar’ to historical data and claim that the corpus models presented reflect past speakers’ knowledge about the distribution of genitive and dative variants. The historical data also helps to determine what is constant (and timeless) in the effect of selected factors such as animacy or length, and what is variant.
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Stein, Dieter. "Semantic Similarity between Categories as a Vehicle of Linguistic Change." Diachronica 5, no. 1-2 (January 1, 1988): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.5.1-2.02ste.
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SUMMARY The paper discusses three instances of linguistic change from the history of English which seem to involve semantic similarity between linguistic categories in the pattern of internal evolution. One case concerns the generalization of a personal ending within the same person category across number categories. The second one deals with the transfer of a syntactic strategy from one person category to a semantically similar one, also involving the second person category, and the third example tries to account for the sequential diffusion of a syntactic innovation (rise of do periphrasis) through different types of w/z-question by appealing to a notion of semantic similarity to the original or most weighted context of the innovation (yes-no questions). It is argued that although semantic similarity defines directionalities of syntactic and morphological change, it is dependent on the operation of further forces, such as a motivation to generalize, to become operative in linguistic change. The paper includes a general discussion of theoretical difficulties associated with the notion 'similarity'. RÉSUMÉ L'expose discute trois cas de changement linguistique dans l'histoire de la langue anglaise dont I'évolution interne est caractérisée par des effets d'une dimension de ressemblance sémantique entre des catégories linguistiques. Le premier exemple concerne la généralisation d'un suffixe personnel d'une catégorie de nombre k l'autre au sein de la meme catégorie personnelle. Le deuxième se réfere k la transmission d'une stratégic syntaxique d'une categorie personnelle a un autre, qui lui ressemble sur le plan sémantique, en utilisant la deuxième personne. Dans le troisieme exemple donc il est essayé de qualifier la diffusion d'innovations syntaxiques, qui succèdent 1'un k l'autre (la naissance de la périphrase de do), k cause des types divers de questions partielles (qui commencent par wh) par une conception de ressemblance sémantique, de contexte de depart de l'innovation ou de contexte auquel est attachee l'importance la plus grande (questions totales). H est argumente que, bien que la ressemblance semantique determine les directionalites des changements syntaxiques et morphologiques, la ressemblance est en plus dependante d'autres facteurs (comme par exemple de la generalisation de la motivation) pour en effet declencher un procès de changment linguistique. L'expose traite egalement quelques difficultes theoriques qui resultent du concept psychologique de 'ressemblance'. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Der Aufsatz diskutiert drei Falle von Sprachwandel aus der Geschichte der englischen Sprache, deren interne Entwicklung sas Wirken einer Dimension semantischer Ahnlichkeit zwischen linguistischen Kategorien nahelegt. Das erste Beispiel betrifft die Generalisierung einer Personen-Endung inner-halb ein- und derselben Personenkategorie von einer Numeruskategorie zu einer anderen. Das zweite bezieht sich auf die Obertragung einer syntaktischen Strategic von einer Personenkategorie auf eine semantisch ahnliche unter Einbeziehung der zweiten Person. Im dritten Beispiel schließlich wird ver-sucht, die Diffusion von zeitlich aufeinanderfolgenden syntaktischen Innova-tionen (das Entstehen der doPeriphrase) durch die verschiedenen Typen von wh-Fragen durch ein Konzept semantischer Ahnlichkeit zum Ausgangskontext der innovation oder zum am starksten gewichteten Kontext zu erklaren (yes-no Fragen). Es wird argumentiert, daß, obwohl die semantische Ahnlichkeit die Direktionalitaten syntaktischer und morphologischer Veranderungen bestimmt, diese zusatzlich von weiteren Faktoren abhängig ist (wie z.B. von der Generalisierung der Motivation), um einen Sprachwandelprozess tatsachlich auszulosen. Der Aufsatz geht auch kurz auf die theoretischen Schwierigkeiten ein, die mit dem psychologischen Begriff 'Ahnlichkeit' verbunden sind.
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Subbiondo, Joseph L. "Neo-aristotelian grammar in 17th-century England." Historiographia Linguistica 17, no. 1-2 (January 1, 1990): 87–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hl.17.1-2.08sub.
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Summary In his Herm’œlogium; or an Essay at the Rationality of Speaking of 1659 Basset Jones intended to supplement William Lily’s (c. 1468–1522) popular 16th-century grammar, which had received the endorsement of Edward VI. Written in English and Latin, Lily’s grammar through its many editions not only set the standard for Latin grammars, but it also established the style for the first and subsequent grammars of English. Jones realized that Lily’s grammatical model, with its emphasis solely on the classification and arrangement of material according to the classic paradigms for conjugation and declension, ignored the philosophy of grammar which was necessary for an understanding of the relationship of language and thought.
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Minkova, Donka. "Charles Jones, A history of English phonology. London & New York: Longman Linguistics Library, 1989, Pp. xi + 318." Journal of Linguistics 27, no. 2 (September 1991): 542–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226700012810.
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Yuan, Xinhua. "Judith Huber, Motion and the English verb: A diachronic study (Oxford Studies in the History of English). Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017. Pp. xvi + 363." Journal of Linguistics 54, no. 4 (September 21, 2018): 900–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226718000361.
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Christiansen, Thomas. "When Worlds Collide in Legal Discourse. The Accommodation of Indigenous Australians’ Concepts of Land Rights Into Australian Law." Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric 65, no. 1 (December 1, 2020): 21–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/slgr-2020-0044.
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Abstract The right of Australian Indigenous groups to own traditional lands has been a contentious issue in the recent history of Australia. Indeed, Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders did not consider themselves as full citizens in the country they had inhabited for millennia until the late 1960s, and then only after a long campaign and a national referendum (1967) in favour of changes to the Australian Constitution to remove restrictions on the services available to Indigenous Australians. The concept of terra nullius, misapplied to Australia, was strong in the popular imagination among the descendants of settlers or recent migrants and was not definitively put to rest until the Mabo decision (1992), which also established a firm precedent for the recognition of native title. This path to equality was fraught and made lengthy by the fact that the worldviews of the Indigenous Australians (i.e. Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders) and the European (mainly British and Irish) settlers were so different, at least at a superficial level, this being the level at which prejudice is typically manifested. One area where this fact is particularly evident is in the area of the conceptualisation of property and especially the notion of land “ownership” and “use”. In this paper, we will focus on these terms, examining the linguistic evidence of some of the Australian languages spoken traditionally by Indigenous Australians as one means (the only one in many cases) of gaining an insight into their worldview, comparing it with that underlying the English language. We will show that the conceptualisations manifested in the two languages are contrasting but not irreconcilable, and indeed the ability of both groups of speakers (or their descendants in the case of many endangered Australian languages) to reach agreement and come to develop an understanding of the other’s perspective is reason for celebration for all Australians.
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Allen, Cynthia L. "Anthony Warner, English auxiliaries: structure and history. (Cambridge Studies in Linguistics 66.) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993. xvi–291." Journal of Linguistics 31, no. 2 (September 1995): 463–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226700015747.
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Blommaert, Jan. "Situating language rights: English and Swahili in Tanzania revisited1." Journal of Sociolinguistics 9, no. 3 (August 2005): 390–417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-6441.2005.00298.x.
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Amos, H. William. "English in French Commercial Advertising: Simultaneity, bivalency, and language boundaries." Journal of Sociolinguistics 24, no. 1 (September 30, 2019): 55–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/josl.12386.
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Seppänen, Aimo. "POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS IN ENGLISH?" Studia Linguistica 34, no. 1 (November 7, 2008): 7–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9582.1980.tb00306.x.
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Weldon, Tracey L. "African-American English: Structure, history, and use. Edited by Salikoko Mufwene, John R. Rickford, Guy Bailey, John Baugh." Diachronica 16, no. 2 (December 31, 1999): 372–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.16.2.11wel.
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Stalmaszczyk, Piotr. "BOOK REVIEWS: Irish English: History and Present-Day Forms by Raymond Hickey." Journal of Sociolinguistics 14, no. 4 (September 1, 2010): 550–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9841.2010.00454_4.x.
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Klepač Pogrmilović, Bojana. "“Europe Will Soon Be Lost to Political Correctness”." Politička misao 56, no. 3-4 (March 11, 2020): 106–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.20901/pm.56.3-4.05.
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Political correctness (PC), a contemporary phenomenon imported from the United States, has continuously been targeted as one of the key reasons for current troubles the European Union (EU) is facing. Even more, some predict that PC will be the cause of the eventual demise of Europe. This article investigates the presence of the discourse of PC in the fundamental treaties of the EU to explore whether the EU is in danger of being lost to PC. In the first part, the key traits of the discourse on PC and multiculturalism as a dominant philosophy behind it, are presented. One of the key traits of PC is linguistic engineering that may be labelled as mild or radical. In the second part, the content of the EU treaties and the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU are analysed comparing three different versions of the Lisbon Treaty and the Charter, namely English, German, and Croatian. The third part is focused on the analysis of the guidelines: Gender-neutral language in the European Parliament, as the most politically correct official document of the EU. The analysis showed that a change with regards to the employment of the discourse of PC came with the Lisbon Treaty and the Charter and is based on mild linguistic engineering. The change in the EU’s legal discourse arose from a cultural change that occurred in some member states. Mild linguistic engineering should not be seen as a real threat to Europe but may be interpreted as a way of reshaping the EU’s core value of non-discrimination. On the other hand, an (in)attentive slip from mild into radical linguistic engineering may ignite the flourishing of the far-right and anti-EU movements that could lead to a serious destabilization of Europe.
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Bula, Andrew. "Literary Musings and Critical Mediations: Interview with Rev. Fr Professor Amechi N. Akwanya." Journal of Practical Studies in Education 2, no. 5 (August 6, 2021): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.46809/jpse.v2i5.30.
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Reverend Father Professor Amechi Nicholas Akwanya is one of the towering scholars of literature in Nigeria and elsewhere in the world. For decades, and still counting, Fr. Prof. Akwanya has worked arduously, professing literature by way of teaching, researching, and writing in the Department of English and Literary Studies of the University of Nigeria, Nsukka. To his credit, therefore, this genius of a literature scholar has singularly authored over 70 articles, six critically engaging books, a novel, and three volumes of poetry. His PhD thesis, Structuring and Meaning in the Nigerian Novel, which he completed in 1989, is a staggering 734-page document. Professor Akwanya has also taught many literature courses, namely: European Continental Literature, Studies in Drama, Modern Literary Theory, African Poetry, History of Theatre: Aeschylus to Shakespeare, European Theatre since Ibsen, English Literature Survey: the Beginnings, Semantics, History of the English Language, History of Criticism, Modern Discourse Analysis, Greek and Roman Literatures, Linguistics and the Teaching of Literature, Major Strands in Literary Criticism, Issues in Comparative Literature, Discourse Theory, English Poetry, English Drama, Modern British Literature, Comparative Studies in Poetry, Comparative Studies in Drama, Studies in African Drama, and Philosophy of Literature. A Fellow of Nigerian Academy of Letters, Akwanya’s open access works have been read over 109,478 times around the world. In this wide-ranging interview, he speaks to Andrew Bula, a young lecturer from Baze University, Abuja, shedding light on a variety of issues around which his life revolves.