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Journal articles on the topic 'Engineers'
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1
Stelios, Spyridon. "Professional Engineers." Business and Professional Ethics Journal 39, no. 2 (2020): 253–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/bpej202071097.
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Professional ethics refer to the rights and obligations of practitioners within any profession or sector. Engineering ethics can be discussed based on the nature of the engineer profession and its implications for professional morality. This paper takes the virtue ethics lens to discuss engineering ethics and argues that, since human and social good derives from professional virtues, protecting the public interest is a professional virtue of engineers. Further, since the protection of the public interest redounds to human and social good, then engineers are bound by the nature of their professional role to achieve these two interconnected aims, namely, protecting the public interest and promoting human good. The importance of virtues is eminent in the way an engineer improves her professional conduct and this has an impact on the social environment and on human good in general. Given an engineer’s concern with the broad public needs of people, the engineer’s function counts as a morally good role, and therefore can be described as one that can lead to human flourishing.
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Loshchilova, Marina A., Tatyana G. Trubchenko, Elena Yu Lemeshko, Elena S. Kiseleva, Elena V. Portnyagina, and Sergei V. Razumnikov. "Professional training of mining engineers." SHS Web of Conferences 80 (2020): 01015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20208001015.
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Nowadays, the solution of the problem of training mining engineers in the environment of innovation development is rather complicated and multifaceted. It involves determining the essence and content of the engineer’s professional activity; the need to study the specifics of the training of a mining engineer; the requirements for training mining engineers in innovative development. It is also connected with evaluation of students’ readiness level in the specialty 21.05.04 «Mining», identifying ways to increase the level of readiness of mining engineers for professional activity. The factors influencing the results of the training of mining engineers are identified here, as well as foreign experience in the education and training of mining engineers. Besides, noncompensatory model of assessment of readiness of mining engineers for professional activity by method of threshold aggregation with example of building rating on the basis of this model is being developed.
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Wellings, Susan, and Biddy Casselden. "An exploration into the information-seeking behaviours of engineers and scientists." Journal of Librarianship and Information Science 51, no. 3 (November 26, 2017): 789–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0961000617742466.
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This article considers findings from Master’s research that investigated the information-seeking behaviours of engineers and scientists in the workplace. The objectives of this research were to establish where engineers and scientists look for information, consider their search preferences and determine the understanding they have of online search engine operation. There is limited current research in these areas looking at engineers and scientists in the workplace. The research was undertaken using a mixed methods research methodology. A survey was conducted with engineers and scientists working in the UK, using an online questionnaire and interviews to obtain quantitative and qualitative data. Due to the small sample size (115: 58 engineers, 57 scientists) this research does not make generalisations about the wider population. The research showed both similarities and differences between engineers’ and scientists’ information-seeking behaviours. The most popular resources used by both engineers and scientists were online search engines, specialist databases and scholar search engines; and the most used sources were from within their own organisation (colleagues and documents). Electronic versions of sources were preferred over print because of their searchability; however, when an item was found it was often printed out to read. Although the main focus of this research was not information literacy it is suggested that there are significant gaps in the understanding of search engine functionality by both engineers and scientists, even though it is the most heavily used resource for information seeking. Whilst this research does not make generalisations about the wider engineer and scientist populations, potential implications for information professionals working with these groups are considered.
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Bryden, Mark, and Doug McCorkle. "Virtual Engineering." Mechanical Engineering 127, no. 11 (November 1, 2005): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2005-nov-4.
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This article discusses future of virtual engineering. Not only will the plant of the future be different from the current one, but also the design tools that engineers use will be different. To reduce cost and shorten development time for the future plants, the DOE is developing virtual engineering as an enabling technology. To integrate all the parts in an intuitive manner will require a software framework, which is being developed by the Virtual Engineering Research Group at Iowa State University. The software is a virtual engineering toolkit called YE-Suite. It is composed of three main software engines—VE-CE, VE-Xplorer, and VE-Conductor—that coordinate the flow of data from the engineer to the virtual components being designed. YE-CE is responsible for the synchronization of the data among the various analysis and process models and the engineer. VE-Xplorer is the decision-making environment that allows the engineer to interact with the equipment models in a visual manner. YE-Conductor is the engineer’s mechanism to control models and other information.
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Boyatzis, Richard, Kylie Rochford, and Kevin V. Cavanagh. "Emotional intelligence competencies in engineer’s effectiveness and engagement." Career Development International 22, no. 1 (February 13, 2017): 70–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cdi-08-2016-0136.
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Purpose Little research has explored the importance of interpersonal skills, and more specifically, emotional and social intelligence (ESI) competencies for an engineer’s effectiveness or engagement. Furthermore, to the knowledge, no studies have explored the explanatory power of ESI over and above general mental ability and personality for engineers. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach In this study the authors gathered multi-source data for 40 engineers in a multi-national manufacturing company. Findings The authors found that ESI as observed by their peers significantly predicted engineer effectiveness (ΔR2=0.313), while general mental ability (g) and personality did not. In the same study, an engineer’s engagement in their work was significantly predicted by the degree of shared vision within their teams, while g, personality and ESI did not predict engagement. Research limitations/implications The authors explore the implications of the findings for corporate training and development, undergraduate education, and graduate education of engineers. Originality/value The authors draw on 30 years of longitudinal studies showing ESI and quality of relationships can be significantly improved with the appropriate pedagogy emphasizing the building of one’s vision, developmental approaches to ESI, developing a shared vision with others, and inspirational coaching.
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Yoshikura, Mai, Tomotaka Fukuoka, Taiki Suwa, Makoto Fujiu, Hisayuki Ishizuka, Kousuke Takezawa, Tomoyuki Ikebayashi, and Junichi Takayama. "5G-Based Real-Time Remote Inspection Support." Electronics 12, no. 5 (February 22, 2023): 1082. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12051082.
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Image analysis has been increasingly used in damage detection, particularly in the inspection of aging bridges. We adopted the image-analysis-based damage detection technology to study the feasibility of remote inspection support aimed at reducing the number of engineers that are dispatched to bridge sites. The remote inspection support involves uploading bridge images from the bridge site and then issuing directions and instructions to an onsite inspection engineer while a skilled engineer at a remote location verifies the damage detection results in real time. The 5G interface, which can transfer large volumes of data in a short time, was used to upload images, enabling shorter upload times compared with 4G. In addition, by sharing damage conditions in real-time, the engineer at a remote office could ascertain them in detail and make appropriate decisions without going to the bridge site. The damages are complex in aged bridges and their decision requires extensive experience and knowledge of skilled engineers. We determined that 5G-based inspections are highly efficient because directions and instructions can be received from a bridge site in real time in cases where a skilled engineer’s decision is needed.
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Delaney, Walter. "The Industrial Engineer, His Philosophy and the Scope of His Activities." Relations industrielles 9, no. 2 (February 24, 2014): 149–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1022894ar.
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Summary Opinions concerning the industrial engineer are various. Everyone knows that engineers, chemists, biologists, botanists had their valuable contribution in the evolution of industrialism, but what is the Industrial Engineer's role ? Does he work towards the same end ? What is his philosophy and the scope of his activities ? What methods and techniques does he use in order to bring progress in industry ? There are all interesting questions to which the author gives an answer in this short article.
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Grice, Rachel, Donald Fisher, Matthew Isaacs, and Andrew Liu. "Multimodal Displays to Reduce Distraction In Locomotive Engineers." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 64, no. 1 (December 2020): 2025–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181320641491.
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Multi-modal displays that allow the locomotive engineer to delay safety-critical dispatches in high workload scenarios offer the promise of reducing the cognitive distraction that occurs when the locomotive engineer must listen to a dispatcher’s communication. In an effort to determine whether locomotive engineers could delay safety-critical information from the dispatcher in high workload scenarios, we developed and evaluated such a multi-modal display system. It was hypothesized that locomotive engineers, when provided with the ability to postpone the delivery of information from the dispatcher, would perform better than locomotive engineers who were not provided that capability. Contrary to the above hypothesis, an analysis of the eye tracking measures indicated that the engineers performed more poorly in the multi-modal display system condition, indicating that the system as designed did not allow the engineer to safely delay dispatch messages. We conclude that aspects of the new system that seemed to increase distraction should be redesigned to modify how and when the engineer uses the system to access information and allow for a safe delay of safety-critical information.
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Cintra, Allsay Kitsash Addifisyukha. "MENGENAL PEREKAYASA EKOSISTEM." OSEANA 44, no. 2 (December 27, 2019): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/oseana.2019.vol.44no.2.49.
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UNDERSTANDING THE ECOSYSTEM ENGINEERS. Ecosystem engineers are organisms that can create, destroy or even maintain the sustainability of a particular habitat. The process of ecosystem engineering begins with structural changes in the environment and subsequently change the abiotic the biotic term or the existence of other organisms. Ecosystem engineers are divided into two, namely autogenic and allogenic engineers. Autogenic engineers change the habitat condition by shifting their body conditions, whereas allogenic engineers that can directly change habitat conditions. The impact of ecosystem engineers on the environment is determined by the magnitude and duration of structural changes made or abandoned by the ecosystem engineer. Understanding the concept of ecosystem engineering is useful as one of the efforts to restore habitat and conservation acts.
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Jeon, Tae-Youl, Bu-Gi Kim, Nooree Kim, and Young-Chan Lee. "Have Non-Native English-Speaking Marine Cadet Engineers Been Educated Appropriately?" Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 8 (July 25, 2022): 1018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10081018.
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Freight transport via ships is the cheapest and most effective way to transfer more than 80% of the global cargo volume. Seafarers have always been multinational, and accordingly, non-English-speaking crew members are becoming an increasing presence on board. Although marine engineers comprise half of the crews among all seafarers on board ships, Standard English guides, such as SMCP for navigation officers designed to reduce communication barriers, are unavailable for marine engineers. IMO conventions require marine engineers to possess adequate English skills. However, marine accidents due to inappropriate communication between crew members continue to occur. In this paper, 185 marine engineer cadets enrolled in two universities who had completed 12 months of training on a commercial ship or school training ship were surveyed in terms of the adequacy of English courses for marine engineers in class. This paper investigated whether the marine engineer English subjects are reviewed and analyzed and whether the English examination for the Certificate of Competence is suitable for the content taught in international maritime instruments and for the actual work of engineers. Finally, this paper aimed to establish a need to develop Standard English for engineers.
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Swift, Douglas Keith. "MISCONCEPTIONS CONCERNING THE VALUE OF SYSTEMS ENGINEERS." INCOSE International Symposium 3, no. 1 (July 1993): 795–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2334-5837.1993.tb01662.x.
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AbstractIn the community of professional engineers, the Systems Engineer is often perceived as an inferior engineer. Misconceptions are especially prevalent among technical design engineers for whom up‐front Systems Engineering should be considered absolutely essential. The Systems Engineer often works in an environment where his engineering peers, and sometimes even management, considers his contribution to be subordinate, of second‐class value, and at times, a nuisance. This paper examines this critical problem from the perspective of an aerospace engineer who spent five years working as a flight controls design engineer (where Systems Engineering was treated with considerable bias), and men transferred into Systems Engineering and has since been working on the opposite side of the fence. An exploration into the causes of the phenomena is detailed in the paper, with special emphasis on the factors perpetuating these misconceptions. A set of practical recommendations (some applicable for working Systems Engineers and some applicable for Managers) is then presented for use in mitigating and eventually dissolving these non‐productive barriers.
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Thomas Mason, Robert. "Changing Paradigms of Technical Skills for Data Engineers." Issues in Informing Science and Information Technology 15 (2018): 035–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/4033.
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Aim/Purpose: This paper investigates the changing paradigms for technical skills that are needed by Data Engineers in 2018. Background: A decade ago, data engineers needed technical skills for Relational Database Management Systems (RDBMS), such as Oracle and Microsoft SQL Server. With the advent of Hadoop and NoSQL Databases in recent years, Data Engineers require new skills to support the large distributed datastores (Big Data) that currently exist. Job demand for Data Scientists and Data Engineers has increased over the last five years. Methodology: This research methodology leveraged the Pig programming language that used MapReduce software located on the Amazon Web Services (AWS) Cloud. Data was collected from 100 Indeed.com job advertisements during July of 2017 and then was uploaded to the AWS Cloud. Using MapReduce, phrases/words were counted and then sorted. The sorted phrase / word counts were then leveraged to create the list of the 20 top skills needed by a Data Engineer based on the job advertisements. This list was compared to the 20 top skills for a Data Engineer presented by Stitch that surveyed 6,500 Data Engineers in 2016. Contribution: This paper presents a list of the 20 top technical skills required by a Data Engineer.
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Mott, Cy L., Craig K. Bloomquist, and Clayton K. Nielsen. "Within-lodge interactions between two ecosystem engineers, beavers (Castor canadensis) and muskrats (Ondatra zibethicus)." Behaviour 150, no. 11 (2013): 1325–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568539x-00003097.
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Ecosystem engineers are frequently observed to increase local biodiversity through their effects on resource flows. While promotion of successional processes and increased biodiversity may occur without direct interaction between ecosystem engineers and sympatric species, many cases exist where interactions are common. Under such conditions, it is unclear whether direct interactions serve to facilitate or inhibit coexistence of ecosystem engineers and the species attempting to use engineered habitats. We used remote videography within lodges of an ecosystem engineer, beavers (Castor canadensis), to quantify the taxonomic diversity of lodge use by non-beaver fauna and to characterize interactions between beavers and a second engineering species that commonly uses beaver-manipulated habitats, muskrats (Ondatra zibethicus). Beaver lodges were used by eleven types of vertebrates and invertebrates. Although no increased aggression was displayed by resident beavers towards intruding muskrats, the temporally partitioned patterns of muskrats’ and beavers’ entrances and exits to and from lodges, respectively, and altered behavior among both species during cohabitation, indicates that lodge use by muskrats represents an exploitative behavior as opposed to a mutualistic or even commensalistic relationship. We hypothesize that the ecological similarities between these species promotes competitive interactions, and the observed relationship highlights the tradeoffs faced by ecosystem engineers wherein constructed objects intended to exclude competitors are simultaneously associated with habitat modifications that promote the persistence of those same competitors.
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Chebotareva, E. E. "Восстание инженеров в 21 веке: конфликтное поле технологических инноваций." Konfliktologia 13, no. 3 (October 19, 2018): 150. http://dx.doi.org/10.31312/2310-6085-2018-13-3-150-159.
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The article discusses the conflict between engineers as the professional community and their employer (state or capital owner), which starts its history from the beginning of the 20th century. The author deals with the concepts of engineering philosophy and attempts to define the modern concept of “engineer” with a purpose to understand the new role of the engineer in modern society. The article demonstrates the problem to define the concept of engineering and its connection with the concept of power, which inevitably leads engineers to competing relations with their employers. The article also examines the modern context of engineering, in its connection with science and capital, explores the tendency to merge the concepts of capitalist, employer and engineer. In addition, the author shows the contradictions of relations between engineers and society, expressed in the decisions of scientific policy, in particular, in the concept of “responsible innovations”. Strengthening the role of the professional community of engineers is shown in the context of a comparison of the conflict between engineers and capital owners and bureaucracy in the early 20th century (Author uses works of T. Veblen and E. Layton), and in the beginning of the 21st century (works of modern Western and domestic authors). The article touched upon the topic of influence on the society of modern blockchain technologies.
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Fazeli, Saman. "Engineers of Jihad: The Curious Connection between Violent Extremism and Education By Diego Gambetta and Steffen Hertog." American Journal of Islam and Society 37, no. 1-2 (May 16, 2020): 174–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v37i1-2.546.
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Perhaps it’s hard to imagine an engineer who is also a poet. After all, there seems to be a stark difference between the skills required by each profession. The dichotomy is undergirded by the notion that—whether engineering conditions engineers to act in particular ways, or engineers are born with a certain mindset—engineers possess certain traits, which lead them to do some things rather than others. The present title, Engineers of Jihad, examines the connection between education and another trait: the capacity for violence. The authors are particularly interested in why there is a disproportionate number (indeed, a significant overrepresentation) of engineers among the ranks of Muslim extremists. Based on this observation, they conclude that engineers are more prone to radicalization than other university graduates (11-16). Although the data could be explained by another hypothesis (there is a higher demand for engineers in extremistgroups), the authors maintain that engineers possess certain character traits that predispose them to radicalization (164).
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Pladaitė, Milda. "New global young engineers working group starts drive towards net-zero emissions." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Civil Engineering 175, no. 3 (August 2022): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jcien.2022.175.3.100.
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A global group of young engineers committed to climate action was launched at the UN climate change conference in Glasgow last year. Initiator Milda Pladaitė, a civil engineer and EU funding consultant, says young engineers will ultimately lead the drive to net-zero emissions.
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Adil, H., S. Gerguri, and J. Durodola. "Evolution of Materials for Internal Combustion Engines Pistons." International Journal of Research and Review 10, no. 8 (August 10, 2023): 203–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20230827.
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Piston is one of the most important components in an internal combustion engine which transfers combustion energy to the crankshaft via a connecting rod. Increase in an engine’s efficiency has somehow necessitated improvement in the piston. This improvement can be achieved by better piston design or using material with superior mechanical properties. Engineers have experimented with different materials for pistons since the introduction of internal combustion engines. This paper reviews the evolution of materials for pistons since the beginning of automotive industry to present day and analyses the properties that attracted engineers to use these materials. The paper also focuses on newly developed materials that have the potentials to replace current piston materials and the work that is taking place. The current trend of changing from diesel to petrol in small internal combustion engines and the affect this will have on piston materials has been analysed. Keywords: Aluminium, Combustion Engine, Nanostructured, Piston Material, Piston.
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Reid, Robert L. "By Engineers, For Engineers." Civil Engineering Magazine Archive 86, no. 10 (November 2016): 56–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/ciegag.0001143.
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Elena A., Boyko. "Innovative Economic and Managerial Activity of the Engineer: Essence and Tasks of Formation." Scholarly Notes of Transbaikal State University 16, no. 3 (September 2021): 6–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.21209/2658-7114-2021-16-3-6-18.
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The need for accelerated innovative development of the country, the transition to hightech production entails the modernization of engineering education, the formation of the future engineers' ability to innovate. The analysis shows that one of the reasons for the decline in the pace of innovative development is the insufficient economic and organizational and managerial training of future engineers. This prevents engineers from making a business case for new technology solutions and identifying their potential commercial and social impact at the initial design stage. The author points out that, regulated as a mandatory, organizational and managerial type of engineering activity, the requirements of educational standards are reflected in an aspect, which leads to the imperfection of organizational and managerial training of future engineers. At the same time, the tasks of innovation of the engineer in terms of economy and management are much wider than the content of organizational and management activities. This makes it necessary to expand the requirements of educational standards for the economic and management activities of an engineer and introduce this type of activity instead of organizational and managerial. This proposal is based on the domestic traditions of integrated and interdisciplinary engineering training, which today need to be rethought taking into account accelerated scientific and technological progress and effective foreign practice of preparing future engineers for innovation. Based on the analysis and the identified economic and management actions of the engineer in the process of innovation implementation, the author's understanding of the essence of innovative economic and management activities of the engineer as a result of his indepth economic training is proposed. The results of the study will make it possible to determine the essence and structure of the readiness of future engineers for innovative economic and management activities, as well as to develop theoretical and methodological foundations for its formation in the process of professional training of students in engineering and technical specialties.
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Walton, Oliver C. "Officers or engineers? The integration and status of engineers in the Royal Navy, 1847–60*." Historical Research 77, no. 196 (May 1, 2004): 178–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0950-3471.2004.00206.x.
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Abstract This article, using engineers' diaries and Admiralty papers, discusses the status and integration of engineers into the Navy from 1847–60. With the birth of the steam fleet, they were recruited in large numbers as officers, to operate and maintain the engines. Their position as officers and engineers, nascent executive and technical, proved controversial. Literature on the introduction of steam has neglected the social dimension and coverage of naval engineers has not emphasized their challenge to the established ethos of the officer corps. This article seeks to remedy this by examining engineers' work and relationships with both officers and the Admiralty.
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Maguire, Muireann. "Aleksei N. Tolstoi and the Enigmatic Engineer: A Case of Vicarious Revisionism." Slavic Review 72, no. 2 (2013): 247–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5612/slavicreview.72.2.0247.
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In this article, Muireann Maguire examines the cultural construction of the trope of the engineer-inventor in Russia during the 1920s and 1930s, focusing on the changing representation of this archetype in three science fiction novels by Aleksei Tolstoi: Aelita (1922-23), Soiuzpiati (The Gang of Five, 1925), and Giperboloid inzhenera Garina (Engineer Garin's Death Ray, 1925-26). Tolstoi's fiction portrays engineers as misguided and self-centred at best and as amoral, megalomaniacal, and irredeemably un-Soviet at worst. This increasingly negative portrayal of the engineers in these novels, and in their later redactions and cinema versions, helped to prepare the way for the alienation of engineer and technical specialist within Soviet society, providing cultural justification for Iosif Stalin's show trials and purges of both categories in the 1930s. Tolstoi's alienation of the engineer-inventor, the traditional hero of early Soviet nauchnaia fantastika (science fiction), prefigured the occlusion of science fiction as a mainstream literary genre. As a trained engineer, former aristocrat, and returned émigré whose own status in Soviet Russia was deeply compromised, Tolstoi's literary demonization of engineers effectively purchased his own acceptance within the Stalinist literary hierarchy.
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Selvaraj, Kamal, and C. Umarani. "Retention Indicator for Engineers Migration in Construction Industry." Applied Mechanics and Materials 174-177 (May 2012): 2787–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.174-177.2787.
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The construction industry is one of the booming industries in India. The engineers working in an organization plays significant role in implementing the project. The main objective of the engineer’s is to construct a quality product with the use of techniques, tooling and equipment to reduce the cost and time of construction. The organizations need skilled engineers to complete their projects in time. In this research discriminant analysis technique has been employed to study about retention of engineers in the construction industry. A method is proposed which can be applied for existing engineers to ascertain whether they will continue in the same organization or not and the same procedure may applied for the new recruitment also.
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Porter, Brian E. "Serving Two Masters." Mechanical Engineering 133, no. 08 (August 1, 2011): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2011-aug-1.
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This article elaborates how engineers sometimes face the challenge of making decisions based on business economics rather than technical merit. Over the past 50 years, with the flattening of management, engineers have got the responsibility of balancing the budgets and meeting business demands. The requirements to meet technical needs and business are frequently conflicting in nature, even when they theoretically serve one another. The greatest challenge to both engineers and managers is that many corporate leaders feel pressure from stockholders and other stakeholders more immediately than they do the urgency of safety or engineering obligations. Sometimes managers ask for actions that cross the line of reasonable risk. These circumstances require an engineer to oppose business drivers. While engineers have obligations to be conscious of the budget and schedule, it is far more important to prevent safety issues in engineering products. When in doubt, an engineer should get a team of other individuals to help evaluate decisions. Those within the company and external resources may be helpful in such situations.
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PARMEE, I. C., and IAN F. C. SMITH. "Special Issue: Human–computer interaction in engineering contexts." Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 16, no. 3 (June 2002): 125–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890060402163013.
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Although the human–computer interaction (HCI) community has been active for several years, very little attention has been devoted to supporting engineers. Engineers are unique computer users with particular needs. They are familiar with fields such as applied mathematics, applied sciences, simulation, project management, technical drawing, and design, as well as engineering law and economics. The nature of the engineering design process means that engineers usually operate within changing environments. Uncertainty relating to incomplete information adds to the complexity of the process especially since the engineer is legally responsible for decisions.
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Anker, Sharon, and Yotam Lurie. "On the professional authority of quality engineers and the gaps in their epistemic and organizational authority." Journal of Professions and Organization 9, no. 1 (December 16, 2021): 62–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jpo/joab020.
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ABSTRACT The authority of quality engineers as a profession is a contested issue that relates both to the occupation’s internal regulation and to the professional status of quality engineers within the organizations for which they work. In this article, we examine the professional authority of quality engineers from both these perspectives. The issue is addressed first through a conceptual framework, followed by a presentation of an empirical study in which seven experienced quality professionals were interviewed and completed questionnaires. We focus on the situation in Israel as a case study, but our insights are relevant to quality engineers throughout the world. We demonstrate limitations with regard to both (1) the epistemic authority (expertise) of quality engineers vis-à-vis their status as a professional association and (2) the organizational authority of quality engineers vis-à-vis their organizational role as quality managers. These limitations can be attributed to the occupation’s status as a semi-profession; the level of expertise required is not fixed or uniform; the authority of a quality engineer varies from one organizational structure to another. In addition, individual quality engineers are accorded different levels of influence, usually at the discretion of their employing organizations. For these reasons, the expertise of quality engineers as a professional group remains an open issue.
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Ainsworth, Yvonne. "Briefing: Are engineers being over-value-engineered?" Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Forensic Engineering 172, no. 2 (May 1, 2019): 54–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jfoen.19.00007.
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Ainsworth, Yvonne, David M. Tonks, Ian M. Nettleton, and Eugene M. Gallagher. "Discussion: Are engineers being over-value-engineered?" Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Forensic Engineering 173, no. 2 (May 1, 2020): 62–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jfoen.20.00019.
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Robinson, James J. "National engineers week: A well-engineered site." JOM 49, no. 1 (January 1997): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02914618.
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Hoh, Yin Kiong. "Outstanding Women in Mechanical Engineering." International Journal of Mechanical Engineering Education 35, no. 3 (July 2007): 198–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/ijmee.35.3.4.
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The article aims to sensitise teachers to their perception of engineers and scientists. It also highlights the life and achievements of one outstanding woman mechanical engineer, namely Ilene J. Busch-Vishniac, and summarises the achievements of other outstanding women in mechanical engineering. Teachers can use the examples of these outstanding female engineers as role models to inspire their students.
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Benda, Martin, Jan Sobotka, and Dalibor Coufal. "Humanitarian Assistance with Bridge Construction in the Central African Republic." Key Engineering Materials 755 (September 2017): 261–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.755.261.
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The paper deals with an operation of Italian engineers in Central African Republic (CAR). The aim of the operation was to construct the temporary bridge. This operation was supported by 15th Engineering Regiment and the University of Defence. Two soldiers from the 15th Engineering Regiment were sent to CAR to help Italian engineers. During this operation REACH-BACK concept between University of Defence and 15th Engineer Regiment was used. Communication and cooperation between these units was supported by Information Portal of Engineer Corps. The portal works as a support element for REACH-BACK concept.
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MIYAZAKI, Keisuke. "Wishes from an Elder Engineer to Future Engineers." Journal of JSEE 63, no. 6 (2015): 6_99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4307/jsee.63.6_99.
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Read, John, and Alan Guest. "Role of Exploration Geologists in Geotechnical Engineering of Open-Pit Mines." SEG Discovery, no. 133 (April 1, 2023): 29–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5382/geo-and-mining-19.
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Abstract The process followed by geotechnical engineers when designing open-pit mine slopes requires a specialized knowledge of the geology of a prospective orebody and the host terrain. The sooner this information is obtained, the earlier that geotechnical engineers will be able to prepare conceptual slope designs, which will enable the deposit owner to assess whether the project is technically feasible and economically viable. The first information will usually come from early district- to mine-scale outcrop mapping and drilling by exploration geologists. To be of maximum use to geotechnical engineers, the data collected by exploration geologists must be recorded in a manner that supports the rock mass classification and strength assessment used by geotechnical engineers for mine design studies. The essentials that exploration geologists need to know when performing this task underscore why close working relationships between exploration geologists and engineering geologists are essential to improve the geotechnical outcomes in open-pit mines. Our objective is to encourage exploration geologists to extract the maximum mining-related data and information possible from rock outcrops and exploration drill holes, within the limitation of the exploration budget for discovery and mineral resource definition. The types of data that geotechnical engineers use in open-pit slope design include geologic, structural, rock mass strength, and hydrogeological data. Most exploration geologists are not trained as geotechnical engineers, and collecting geotechnical data of the quality required by engineers will be beyond the responsibility and experience of many of them. However, early discussion with a geotechnical engineer will assist exploration geologists in designing a drill core logging format that will collect the most important data that the engineer requires, within the constraints of discovering and defining the mineral resource.
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Edward Chikuni. "For Engineering to Champion Future Industrial Revolutions, It Must Look to the Past." Thinker 87, no. 2 (June 10, 2021): 48–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.36615/thethinker.v87i2.533.
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This article discusses Engineering and the Engineer in an informal way intended to attract the attention of engineering educators, industry professionals and students. By tracing the definition term “Engineer” to ancient Greek which translates to genius, it is hoped that those of us who are engineers or those that intend to become engineers will be made aware of the respect and reverence which National Leaders have had bestowed upon them, through all industrial resolutions. Indeed, Some National Leaders have been Engineers and Scientists themselves. The article gives some early examples of geniuses of ancient Egypt and latterly those in Europe, Asia and the United States. The article discloses that what we call STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art and Mathematics) was in fact not new and gives examples of Thomas Edison and Benjamin Franklin of the United States. With these examples, it is hoped that Engineers will embrace roles in public life and national governance. The article goes into particular depth the importance of a broadened curriculum, bemoaning the present trend of overspecialization. Here the article gives an example of the curriculum he himself followed in the 1970’s. In what can be called an autobiographical sketch, the article describes his own experience as a Trainee / Graduate Engineer with the National Railways of Zimbabwe, which had a solid training reputation, especially during the 1980’s. In this sketch, the importance of humility, order, and adherence to professionalisms are recommended as part of the repertoire to a future successful Engineer.
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Park, John Jongho, Mihee Park, and Jeremy Smith. "Engineering Students’ Concepts of Humanitarian Engineering and Their Identity Development as Humanitarian Engineers." Sustainability 13, no. 16 (August 7, 2021): 8845. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13168845.
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Humanitarian Engineering extends engineering practice to provide a focus on addressing social inequities and contributing to sustainable development for all. This study investigated undergraduate engineering students’ concepts of Humanitarian Engineering and motives to be Humanitarian Engineers as they acquire knowledge and skills and build a professional identity as engineers who can work in complex socio-technical sustainability contexts. Qualitative data were collected from an open-ended survey of 46 engineering students followed by semi-structured interviews with ten students at a U.S. university. Survey data provided individual characteristics that conceptualized and guided interviews to explore key relationships among participants’ concepts of Humanitarian Engineering and motivations. A central idea of a “Humanitarian Engineer” identity emerged, influenced by various motivations. Students envisioning themselves as Humanitarian Engineers were associated with socio-cultural background, motivation to practice engineering skills, and desire to travel. A value-related motivation, the desire to help others, appeared as a strong catalyst for developing students’ professional identities and empowering a possible future self as Humanitarian Engineers. To support sustainability education in engineering demands, initial motivation factors associated with student Humanitarian Engineer identity development are researched to support potential future practice and career development.
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Thilmany, Jean. "Shaking Hands Again." Mechanical Engineering 125, no. 04 (April 1, 2003): 34–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2003-apr-1.
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This article discusses that technology can ease the adversity between industrial designers and mechanical engineers. In many manufacturing organizations, engineers coexist, albeit sometimes uneasily, with the industrial designers who shape the way the product will look on the outside. While mechanical engineers take care of laying out the mechanisms inside the product’s shell, industrial designers are concerned with its external shape and appeal. At Symbol Technologies in Holtsville, NY, that uneasy alliance does not exist anymore. Symbol’s devices have to be rugged because, although they are meant to be held easily in the hand, they can just as easily be dropped. The company uses I-deas, from EDS of Plano, Texas, for CAD modeling. Before beginning to sculpt on screen, the designer now talks to the engineer about the product. The engineer might know that both a scan engine and a set of batteries must be included inside the final product. The CAID and CAD software work together in such a way that, if an industrial designer changes something about the outside shape, the mechanical features automatically update to accommodate the change. Engineers do not have to rework the internal parts each time the external changed.
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Godfrey, Patrick. "Building a Technical Leadership Model." INSIGHT 27, no. 3 (June 2024): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/inst.12488.
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ABSTRACTINCOSE's Vision 2025 identifies the development of systems thinking and technical leadership as one of seven key areas of systems engineering ‘competency’ required for delivery. Vision 2025 states: “Education and training of systems engineers and the infusion of systems thinking across a broad range of the engineering and management workforce will meet the demands for a growing number of systems engineers with the necessary technical and leadership competencies.” “The roles and competencies of the systems engineer will broaden to address the increasing complexity and diversity of future systems.” “The technical leadership role of the systems engineer on a project will be well established as critical to the success of a project.” These requirements imply the need to rapidly expand the art and science of systems technical leadership. In response to this need, INCOSE established an institute for technical leadership. This paper describes the Institute and the work that the first cohort (“Cohort of 2017”) has accomplished on developing a technical leadership model for systems engineers. It is envisaged that this first technical leadership model for systems engineers will be further developed and matured by the following cohorts of the INCOSE's Technical Leadership Institute.
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STALKER, RUTH, and IAN F. C. SMITH. "Structural monitoring using engineer–computer interaction." Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 16, no. 3 (June 2002): 203–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890060402163062.
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Engineer–computer interaction (ECI) is a new subdomain of human–computer interaction that is specifically tailored to engineers' needs. ECI uses an information classification schema, provides a modular approach to task decomposition, and integrates standard engineering characteristics and working procedures into software. A software tool kit that interprets monitoring data taken from bridges was developed according to ECI guidelines. This tool kit was given to engineers for testing and evaluation. An empirical evaluation using questionnaires was performed. The results show that this ECI software corresponds to engineers' needs and the ECI approach has potential applications to other engineering tasks.
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Thilmany, Jean. "FEA Finds its Place." Mechanical Engineering 124, no. 10 (October 1, 2002): 51–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2002-oct-2.
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This article focuses on engineers who are examining innovative ways to fold analyses into their design cycles. Although many engineering companies currently use finite element analysis (FEA) software programs, the practice of coupling analysis with everyday design is still relatively new. Engineers today are responsible for much of the analysis done on their own designs. Increasingly, engineers have to judge for themselves, based on their own analyses, which systems or components to include in a product and how best to tweak a part if analysis shows it does not meet specifications. For some engineers the fact that the newer FEA software packages are easy to use just plain trumps the worry that engineer-run computer analyses might not be as complete, or yield as many answers, as simulations carried out by a formally trained analyst. As FEA becomes more commonly available and more useful to mechanical engineers not specifically trained in the process, companies find new uses for the technology.
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Tonso, Karen L. "Student Engineers and Engineer Identity: Campus Engineer Identities as Figured World." Cultural Studies of Science Education 1, no. 2 (June 20, 2006): 273–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11422-005-9009-2.
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Mercier, Christine L., Arthur R. Cominio, and Ronald P. Adkins. "Team for Human Factors Engineering." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 33, no. 16 (October 1989): 1099–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193128903301614.
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The Human Factors Engineer (HFE) Is sometimes excluded from the requirements analysis phase of a project when other engineers do not understand how the HFE can contribute to system definition. The Traceability and Engineering Analysis Methodology (TEAM) combines all engineering disciplines, including Human Factors Engineering, into an integrated methodology for systems analysis. TEAM provides a structured mechanism for Inter-discipline communication during the early phases of a project. Human Factors Engineers have successfully used TEAM to contribute to requirements analysis early in a project life-cycle. This paper presents the TEAM Concept and identifies how the Human Factors Engineer uses TEAM.
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Rogers-Tizard, Will. "The climate change crisis demands radical change by all. How must structural engineers respond to the challenge?" Structural Engineer 98, no. 9 (September 1, 2020): 7–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.56330/agpa9820.
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In his winning entry to the Institution’s Kenneth Severn Award 2020 – an annual essay competition for young engineers – Will Rogers-Tizard argues that structural engineers can help tackle the climate emergency by making better use of materials, understanding carbon values and questioning industry norms. Submitted in January, the essay anticipates many of the questions currently being explored in the ‘Climate emergency’ section in The Structural Engineer.
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Nuwayhid, R. Y. "The Essential Physics of Thermoelectricity for Mechanical Engineers." International Journal of Mechanical Engineering Education 30, no. 4 (October 2002): 351–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/ijmee.30.4.7.
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Frequently, mechanical engineers are interested in the generation of power, and as such study the efficiency of a specific system by applying the principles of classical thermodynamics. Studying a thermoelectric generator is no different and the thermodynamics involved fall into the same group classed as heat-engines. Beyond that the mechanical engineer usually falters as electronic and material aspects come into play. While a full study is quite involved, presented here is a simplified attempt to bring out the basics that underline the physical processes involved in a thermoelectric generator. The engineering student of energy conversion and thermoelectricity is thus exposed somewhat to the physics without necessarily going into specialized detail. Inherently involving several related yet distinct mechanical and electronic engineering fundamental topics, thermoelectricity provides a perfect interdisciplinary vehicle for an early introduction to engineering design.
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Lazariev, Mykola, Andrii Sushchenko, and Volodymyr Yeremieiev. "Review of the monograph by V. S. Kruglyk "The system of training of future software engineers for the professional activity at higher educational institutions"." Ukrainian Journal of Educational Studies and Information Technology 8, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.32919/uesit.2020.03.01.
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In the publication the scientific-theoretical and methodological monographic study of V. S. Kruglyk "The system of training of future software engineers for the professional activity at higher educational institutions" has been analyzed, the study reflects the author conceptual approach to the scientific understanding of the problem of training software engineers for professional activities. The structure and content of the monograph have been analyzed; the scientific novelty of the research which consists in the development and substantiation of the author pedagogical system of training future software engineers for their professional activity and the structure of professional competence of a software engineer has been highlighted.
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Arashpour, Mehrdad, Majeed Shabanikia, and Mohammadreza Arashpour. "Valuing the contribution of knowledge-oriented workers to projects: a merit based approach in the construction industry." Construction Economics and Building 12, no. 4 (October 15, 2015): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ajceb.v12i4.2724.
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Evidence points to the fact that frequent resignation of project engineers from construction companies is primarily the result of dissatisfaction with the factors that shape the salary scale. This research aims to identify the major influencing factors in merit based salary calculation systems for knowledge-oriented engineers so as to more accurately reflect their contribution to construction projects. Results from a questionnaire sent to managers, engineers and HR professionals throughout the Iranian construction industry revealed that while there was overall agreement on principles to a merit-based approach, engineers in particular identified ‘professional skills’, ‘experience’ and ‘creativity’. Management-oriented parties should take into account engineer perspectives in order to more accurately value the knowledge-oriented contribution of these workers to construction projects. This research provides a basis for understanding the key factors in the merit based salary scale formulation through the construction industry.
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Walkenstein, Merissa, and Ronda Eisenberg. "Benefiting Design Even Late in the Development Cycle: Contributions by Human Factors Engineers." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 40, no. 5 (October 1996): 318–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129604000505.
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This paper describes an experimental study that compares a graphical user interface for a computer-telephony product designed without the involvement of a human factors engineer to a redesign of that interface designed with a human factors engineer late in the development cycle. Both interfaces were usability tested with target customers. Results from a number of measures, both subjective and objective, indicate that the interface designed with the human factors engineer was easier to use than the interface designed without the human factors engineer. The results of this study show the benefits of involving human factors engineers in the design of graphical user interfaces even towards the end of a development cycle. However, this involvement is most effective when human factors engineers are included as an integral part of the design and development process even at this late stage in the process.
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Luo, Tian, Jiayue Zhao, Winnie Wing Mui So, and Wencong Zhan. "STUDENTS' REFLECTIONS ON THEIR SCIENTIST- OR ENGINEER-LIKE PRACTICES IN STEM PROJECT-BASED LEARNING." Journal of Baltic Science Education 23, no. 1 (February 28, 2024): 119–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/jbse/24.23.119.
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Students build up their STEM career interest based on their experiences. However, it remains unclear how students reflect on their STEM experiences in light of their understanding of STEM careers. This study aimed to explore how students relate their practices in STEM project-based learning (PBL) with their perceptions of scientists’ and engineers’ work. A randomly selected sample of students (n =142) participating in a STEM event participated in structured interviews regarding the resemblance between their months-long STEM PBL and scientists’ and engineers’ work. The data were coded using content analysis mostly by adopting a bottom-up approach followed by statistical analysis. Results showed that the majority of students claimed that their group had done things like scientists, while only about half of the students acknowledged doing things like engineers. The number and aspects of the students’ mentioned practices were generally limited, with engineer-like practices more divergent and reflecting their stereotype of engineers working as manual laborers. The results also suggest that students tend to neglect the minds-on but hands-off scientist- or engineer-like practices such as raising a question/problem. The findings address the research gap regarding how students reflect on their STEM PBL experiences in light of career development. Keywords: project-based learning, STEM education, STEM practices, structured interviews
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Guerra, Aida, Dan Jiang, and Xiangyun Du. "What does it mean to be engaged? The engagement of student engineers with sustainability: a literature review." International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education 25, no. 9 (July 9, 2024): 213–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijshe-06-2023-0237.
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Purpose Student engagement has become increasingly significant in sustainability education for engineers because it enables future engineers to develop competencies, knowledge and values relevant to acting for sustainability. Therefore, this paper aims to examine characteristics of student engineer engagement with sustainability and to discuss the meanings of this concept. Design/methodology/approach To build a more holistic picture of student engineer engagement with sustainability, this study followed a literature review approach to search, screen and appraise relevant journal articles on this topic. As a result of this research, 30 articles were identified as eligible. Findings Based on the theoretical framework for student engagement with sustainability, newly synthesized here, and the content analysis of the 30 papers included in this study, four patterns of engagement were identified: intrapersonal engagement, inter-relational engagement, engagement as connection and disconnection and situated engagement. Practical implications This review provides practical recommendations about how to support the engagement of student engineers with sustainability at the levels of the individual, staff, educational programmes and associated curricula. Future research directions are also discussed. Originality/value This study contributes a theoretical framework synthesizing student engagement theory with sustainability education. It also describes current characteristics of student engineers’ engagement with sustainability.
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Thilmany, Jean. "Staring Down the Divide." Mechanical Engineering 125, no. 08 (August 1, 2003): 40–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2003-aug-2.
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This article highlights that electrical and mechanical engineers work together on products like cell phones; on the contrary, their software programs do not work like this anymore. Like cellular telephones and computers, all products made up of a combination of printed circuit boards and shaped materials like plastics require a rather tight degree of cooperation among mechanical engineers, electrical engineers, and finite element analysts. But today’s computer-aided design and finite element analysis technology is not advanced enough to let them work as skillfully together as they might. Engineers and analysts still need to translate their designs into a neutral file format in order to pass files between their different software systems, and much can be lost in translation. But a number of engineering software developers are refining products to break down some of those barriers. Electrical and mechanical engineers commonly use the software to work together on projects like the design of fan-cooled computer central processing units and how they are anchored using already-specified techniques that the mechanical engineer has programmed into the system.
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Коваленок, Татьяна Петровна. "PROFESSIONAL AND PERSONAL QUALITIES OF ENGINEERS." Pedagogical Review, no. 1(41) (January 31, 2022): 181–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.23951/2307-6127-2022-1-181-191.
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Рассматривается современное состояние исследований психологических особенностей у представителей инженерных профессий. Выполнен обзор эмпирических исследований за последние 12 лет, посвященных изучению психологических характеристик профессионалов различных инженерных специальностей и студентов, обучающихся на соответствующих направлениях подготовки.Проведен анализ особенностей организации исследований, предмета исследований и применявшихся методов, на основании этого выделены четыре основных направления исследований: определение факторов, влияющих на параметры профессиональной деятельности; оценка степени выраженности отдельных личностных особенностей; определение особенностей формирования профессионально важных качеств инженера; анализ представлений студентов о требующихся инженерам личностных качествах. Указывается, что преобладают исследования, в которых используется метод экспертной оценки, при этом подробных характеристик оцениваемых качеств нет, а организация исследований не позволяет выявить специфические только для инженеров психологические особенности.Описаны когнитивные, индивидуально-типологические и личностные качества инженеров, выделявшиеся в исследованиях разных лет. Чаще всего к личностным качествам инженеров относят: волевые качества (сдержанность, самоконтроль, упорство и т. п.), качества, в которых проявляется отношение к труду: ответственность, педантичность, добросовестность и т. п. В исследованиях последних лет предметом оценивания становятся лидерские качества, уверенность в себе, смелость, решительность, самостоятельность, профессиональная мобильность, общая культура, духовные потребности, потребность в самообразовании и готовность к нему, стрессоустойчивость. Подчеркивается необходимость формирования социальных качеств личности инженера, развития волевых черт: процессов планирования, моделирования, контроля, оценки собственной активности.Сделан вывод о необходимости организации профессиографических и сравнительных исследований для выделения личностных особенностей современного инженера. The article considers the current state of research on psychological characteristics of representatives of engineering professions. A review of empirical studies over the past 12 years, devoted to the study of the psychological characteristics of professionals in various engineering specialties and students enrolled in the relevant areas of training, has been carried out. The analysis of the features of the organization of research, the subject of research and the methods used, on the basis of this, four main areas of research are distinguished: determination of factors affecting the parameters of professional activity; assessment of the severity of individual personality traits; determination of the features of the formation of professionally important qualities of an engineer; analysis of students’ ideas about the personal qualities required by engineers. It is indicated that studies that use the method of expert assessment prevail, while there are no detailed characteristics of the assessed qualities, and the organization of research does not allow identifying psychological characteristics specific only to engineers. The cognitive, individual-typological and personal qualities of engineers, which were distinguished in studies of different years, are described. Most often, the personal qualities of engineers include: volitional qualities (restraint, self-control, perseverance, etc.), qualities in which the attitude to work is manifested: responsibility, pedantry, conscientiousness, etc. qualities, self-confidence, courage, determination, independence, professional mobility, general culture, spiritual needs, the need for self-education and readiness for it, stress resistance. The necessity of forming the social qualities of the engineer’s personality, the development of volitional traits: the processes of planning, modeling, control, evaluation of one’s own activity is emphasized. It is concluded that it is necessary to organize professional and comparative studies to highlight the personality traits of a modern engineer.
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Gaur, Sagar. "Importance, Roles and Responsibilities of a Planning Engineer in the Indian Construction Industry." European Journal of Theoretical and Applied Sciences 1, no. 3 (June 8, 2023): 328–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.59324/ejtas.2023.1(3).33.
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The role of the planning engineer is crucial for successful planning, monitoring, controlling of the project. The Indian construction industry lacks the ability to implement project controls and project management tools leading to tremendous delays. It is crucial that at least planning engineers should be deployed for each construction projects for transparent reporting to sr. management. Collaboration & Synchronization between various departments during the project life cycle can only be achieved 100% by having a planning engineer in the project organogram. The proper organization hierarchy is essential for the implementation of the role of planning engineer. Project Controls department must be introduced for better working of planning engineers. This study examines the obstacles faced by the Indian construction sector when implementing the role of planning engineer. This study uses a questionnaire survey, answered by the industry experts. There were 140 respondents. The questions related to effectiveness of planning engineers in the Indian construction industry were also covered. The responses conclude that the Indian construction industry is struggling in managing/implementing the role of planning engineer, thus, facing a biggest failure in getting the right reports at the right time that are delaying the projects in terms of cost, time & change of scope. The Indian construction industry must be more organized. Management should be more concerned about ensuring the proper implementation of roles, responsibilities & authority of planning engineer, follow international recommended guidelines like AACE for understanding in detail about the role & responsibilities of planning engineer, provide latest software to planning engineer for digitalization of reports and provide appropriately training at the required time.