Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Engineering heritage'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Engineering heritage.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Melita, Lucia Noor. "Development of nanomaterials applied to tissue engineering and cultural heritage conservation." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2018. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10045834/.
Full textCruz, Arturo. "Re-strengthening Brisbane City Hall : a case study of heritage engineering." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2013. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/64727/1/Arturo_Cruz_Thesis.pdf.
Full textZhang, Wei. "Reanimating cultural heritage through digital technologies." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2011. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/6341/.
Full textMa, Ruo Wei. "Economic valuation of the cultural heritage in Macao." Thesis, University of Macau, 2007. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1636337.
Full textTornari, Vivi. "Holographic interference : structural deformation detection applied to cultural heritage objects." Thesis, University of Sunderland, 2013. http://sure.sunderland.ac.uk/5228/.
Full textPatoli, Muhammad Zeeshan. "Content rendering and interaction technologies for digital heritage systems." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2011. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/6932/.
Full textLilja, Josefin. "Interactive digital storytelling and tangibility in cultural heritage museums." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22810.
Full textParaschakis, Dimitris. "Crowdsourcing cultural heritage metadata through social media gaming." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-20739.
Full textAlharthi, Walaa. "Investigation into the impact of using virtual heritage to depict the historical city of Al Madinah." Thesis, University of Kent, 2015. https://kar.kent.ac.uk/55671/.
Full textVilhelmsson, Petter. "Energy performance of built heritage in the subarctic climate zone of northern Sweden : Applying existing standards and methodologies for improving energy efficiency of built heritage." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-73733.
Full textI Sverige, såsom i övriga Europa, uppskattas byggnader stå för 40 % av den totalaenergianvändningen. En tredjedel av europeiska byggnader har någon form av kulturell ellerhistorisk betydelse. Detta tyder på att en betydelsefull andel av Sveriges och Europas totala energiförbrukas av denna kategori byggnader – historiska byggnader. I synnerhet när hänsyn tas till atthistoriska byggnader i allmänhet påvisar sämre energiprestanda än andra byggnader. Utmaningenatt förbättra energiprestandan i historiska byggnader samtidigt som man respekterar och beaktarkulturvärden behandlas inom ramen för detta examensarbete. Den europeiska standarden"Bevarande av kulturarv - Riktlinjer för förbättring av energiprestandan i historiska byggnader"(SS-EN 16883: 2017) tillämpas delvis på en byggnad för att på ett metodiskt tillvägagångssättangripa utmaningen.Byggnadens energiprestanda och föreslagna renoveringsåtgärder utvärderas genomanvändning och analys av datorgenererade energimodeller. Tre scenarier, bestående av olikarenoveringsåtgärder med varierande påverkan av kulturvärdena har simulerats; (1) lätt påverkan,(2) måttlig påverkan och (3) stor påverkan av kulturvärden. Kategoriseringen avrenoveringsåtgärderna har uppnåtts genom att använda ett objektivistiskt tillvägagångssätt baseratpå rådande definitioner och kunskap från byggnadsmiljövården. Den teoretiska referensramen ärhuvudsakligen baserad på bevarandepraxis som fastställts i Burra-stadgan.Renoveringspaketet med ”lätt påverkan” skulle minska användningen av värmeenergi mednästintill 11 % samtidigt som åtgärden har liten eller ingen betydande inverkan på byggnadenskulturvärden. Det ”måttliga paketet” skulle kunna minska användningen av värmeenergi med34,5 % utan att ha en alltför stor inverkan på byggnadens kulturvärden. Det mest omfattanderenoveringspaketet som innebär ”stor påverkan” skulle kunna minska användningen avvärmeenergi med nästan 40 %. Denna betydande förbättring kommer inte utan tillhörandenackdelar. Detta paket av åtgärder kan potentiellt skada eller förändra karaktären hos byggnaden.Karaktärsdrag som uttryckligen bedömts vara värda att bevara.Att förbättra energieffektiviteten hos kulturhistorisk bebyggelse är en utmaning, särskilt närman försöker bedöma vilken påverkan eventuella åtgärder kan ha på ovärderliga kulturvärden.Detta examensarbete kan ge viss insikt i hur man kan balansera energibesparingsåtgärder ochkulturvärden mot varandra, särskilt för byggnader som saknar särskilt uttryckta skyddsåtgärder iform av byggnadsminnesförklaring, lagstiftning eller politiska ställningstaganden.
Tellow, Katarina. "Redeveloping waterfronts : A study in planning strategies, waterfronts and heritage." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Arkitektur och vatten, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-78024.
Full textUtvecklingen av centralt belägna hamnområden tog fart ordentligt under det sena 1990-talet. De gamla industriområdena hade innan dess inte prioriterats, något som ofta resulterade i att förbindelserna mellan dem och stadskärnan försämrades. Syftet med uppsatsen är att utforska strategier och tillvägagångssätt som används vid utveckling av hamnområden. Detta gjordes genom att analysera de strategier som använts under planeringsfasen av tre olika stadsdelar; Västra Hamnen i Malmö, Nordhavn i Köpenhamn och Cardiff Bay i Cardiff. Utöver detta valdes ett hamnområde ut i Göteborg som användes för att använda den teoretiska informationen i praktiken. Den teoretiska basen är uppbyggd av en litteratur- och dokumentstudie, där de tre stadsdelarna och den utvalda projektplatsen figurerade som de huvudsakliga forskningsobjekten, tillsammans med generell information om vattennära områden tillsammans med arkitektoniskt och kulturellt arv. De tre stadsdelarna analyserades med hjälp av fältstudier i kombination med en litteraturstudie. En matris med 10 olika teman skapades även för att bättre utforska dem. Analysen av projektplatsen genomfördes även den med hjälp av en dokumentstudie och fältstudier. Alla fältstudierna genomfördes genom att följa metoden för gåturer. Forskningen resulterade i framtagningen av sex stycken förslag på framtida åtgärder vid förnyelse av hamnmiljöer tillsammans med ett förslag för en urban struktur för Gullbergsvass. Resultaten är tänkta att användas som bas för fortsatta studier.
Örn, Tomas. "Energy efficiency in heritage buildings : Conservation approaches and their impact on energy efficiency measures." Licentiate thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Arkitektur och vatten, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-68405.
Full textKlimatförändringarna driver utvecklingen mot att energianvändningen i den byggda miljön behöver minska. Byggnader står för nästan 40% av den totala energianvändningen och cirka 35% av utsläppen av växthusgaser i Europa. EUs medlemsländer är bundna att förbättra energieffektiviteten hos befintliga byggnader, till exempel genom att skärpa byggreglerna och utveckla handlingsplaner. Eftersom energieffektiviseringar kan påverka värden i kulturhurhistoriska byggnader, är dessa ofta undantagna från krav som syftar till att minska energianvändningen i byggnader. Energibesparing och resurshushållning har gradvis blivit omfamnad av kulturmiljösektorn och kulturhistoriska byggnader betraktas allt mer som en del av lösningen på klimatförändringarna. I licentiatavhandlingen diskuteras metoderna för att identifiera kulturhistoriska värden i en byggnad och hur den underliggande teorin påverkar olika scenarier i en energieffektiviseringprocess. Valet av bevarandeteori och bevarandestrategi påverkar framgångsfaktorn i energieffektivseringen och hur mycket energianvändningen i en kulturhistorisk byggnad kan minskas. I denna avhandling föreslås därför ett teoretiskt ramverk för att förstå effekterna av de olika kulturhistoriska bedömningar som kan göras, antingen genom att använda ett objektivistiskt eller en relativ syn på hur en en byggnads kulturhistoriska värden skapas och bäst bevaras. Utifrån detta teoretiska ramverk har ett stöd för beslutsfattande utvecklats för att ytterligare beskriva effekterna av de olika bevarandestrategiernas påverkan på implementeringen av olika energieffektiviserande åtgärder. Andra resultat visar att en majoritet av de granskade forskningspublikationerna fokuserade på den operativa energin i en byggnad och bara ett fåtal gällde energianvändning under hela livscykeln i en byggnad. Dessa analyser används för att utvärdera var de flesta energibesparingar kan göras och ofta identifiera svaga punkter i byggnadens klimatskal eller tekniska system. Om det nämndes alls tenderade inflytandet av kulturella och historiska faktorer på energieffektivitetsåtgärder som tillämpas på arvsbyggnader endast att bedömas kortfattat. Faktum är att majoriteten av de genomgångna publikationerna inte beskriver bevarandeprinciper och inte nämner den metod som används för att bedöma eller definiera kulturhistoriska värden. Istället används ofta en explicit (ibland en implicit) förståelse för bevarande som i huvudsak något som inte förstör ursprungligt material och därmed autenticitet i en byggnad. Denna licentiatavhandling består av en separat undersökning, en litteraturöversikt och en utökad kappa. Studien är inriktad på ett svenskt och europeiskt sammanhang, särskilt när det gäller klimatförhållanden och diskussioner om byggregler och teori och praktik för kulturhistoriskt bevarande av byggnader. Den är en del av det växande forskningsområdet energieffektivisering i kulturhistoriska byggnader och avhandlingen syftar till att bidra till en ökad förståelse för hur utvärderingen av kulturhistoriska värden i byggnader påverkar arbetet med att göra dem mer energieffektiva. Huvudforskningsfrågan är: Hur påverkar olika metoder för bedömning och utvärdering av kulturhistoriska värden energibesparande åtgärder i kulturhistoriska byggnader?
Routsolias, Panagiotis. "Energy-efficient design and application of geothermal energy in buildings of areas of protected cultural heritage: Case study Mani, Greece." Thesis, KTH, Byggnadsteknik, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-35069.
Full textAzizah, Roisatul. "A participatory design approach to designing a playful cultural heritage experience : A case study of the Majapahit sites." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-396764.
Full textNgoma, Athuman M. K. "Characterisation and Consolidation of Historical Lime Mortars in Cultural Heritage Buildings and Associated Structures in East Africa." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Betongbyggnad, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-11371.
Full textQC 20100803
Varkalytė, Aistė. "Širvintų rajono savivaldybės gamtos ir nekilnojamojo kultūros paveldo objektų išsaugojimo vertinimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2011. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20110614_114152-21086.
Full textLithuania has created a lot of protected areas, which differ in ranks, purpose, size and function. In Širvintos district protected territories cover 4,2 percent of area. Heritage sites - individual or groups of natural and cultural heritage objects – are the landscape elements, which are protected by special statutory protection and recovery mode. Aim of the research is to evaluate the protection of natural and cultural heritage in Širvintos district. This work analyzes normative documents, planning, research papers and other relevant literature, presents results of on-site evaluation of heritage objects in Kernave Cultural Reserve. The main purpose of the protection of these objects is to conduct the heritage to future generations. This is achievable only with the help of responsible observation and evaluation of condition of these objects. The results show that in Širvintos district areas of immovable cultural and natural heritage are in good condition, regularly maintained. Protection and use of immovable cultural heritage objects are regulated by a sufficient legal basis.
Siu, Wai-ming Patrick, and 蕭偉明. "The fire engineering approach in the adaptive reuse of a historical building : the case of revitalising the former Tai O police station as the Tai O heritage hotel." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/208070.
Full textpublished_or_final_version
Conservation
Master
Master of Science in Conservation
Madden, Odile Marguerite, and Odile Marguerite Madden. "Development of Vapor Sensors for Volatile Museum Contaminants by Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/283712.
Full textBisulca, Christina. "Case Studies in Conservation Science." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/332904.
Full textNie, Mengxue. "Exploring the sustainable development of garden tourism with Chinese characteristics." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och industriell teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-444859.
Full textLundgren, Therese. "Digitizing the Parthenon using 3D Scanning : Managing Huge Datasets." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2636.
Full textDigitizing objects and environments from real world has become an important part of creating realistic computer graphics. Through the use of structured lighting and laser time-of-flight measurements the capturing of geometric models is now a common process. The result are visualizations where viewers gain new possibilities for both visual and intellectual experiences.
This thesis presents the reconstruction of the Parthenon temple and its environment in Athens, Greece by using a 3D laser-scanning technique.
In order to reconstruct a realistic model using 3D scanning techniques there are various phases in which the acquired datasets have to be processed. The data has to be organized, registered and integrated in addition to pre and post processing. This thesis describes the development of a suitable and efficient data processing pipeline for the given data.
The approach differs from previous scanning projects considering digitizing this large scale object at very high resolution. In particular the issue managing and processing huge datasets is described.
Finally, the processing of the datasets in the different phases and the resulting 3D model of the Parthenon is presented and evaluated.
Adomaitytė, Simona. "Sodybų būklės analizė Metelių regioniniame parke." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20120530_122727-13925.
Full textFinal work of University Master Studies: 65 pages, 28 pictures, 4 tables, 42 references, the Lithuanian language. Subject of the research: homesteads and individual buildings in the Meteliai Regional Park. Aim of the research: to investigate compliance with the conditions and use-restrictions of land and other real estate laid down in regulatory documents, as well as the impact of the built-up areas on the Regional Park landscape. Objectives of the research: 1. To determine compliance with the conditions and limitations of the real estate usage in the Regional Park; 2. To analyse the impact of the built-up areas on the Regional Park landscape; 3. To assess the conditions of messuages and their owners’ opinion about the land-use restrictions in the Regional Park. Research methods: review of sources of scientific literature, empirical knowledge (observation), questionnaire. The obtained data were processed using mathematical-statistical methods. The results are presented in tables and graphs. Research results: The results show that 49.3 per cent of the alysed homesteads meet the Protection Regulation Requirements. 77.7 per cent of these dwellings are located in the villages of Barčiai and Obelninkai and in the townsip of Meteliai. 6.8 per cent of homesteads don’t comply with the regulations for the Regional Park protection. Even 43.8 per cent homesteads are abandoned and desolate. Most abandoned homesteads (62.5 per cent) are located in the villages of Buckūnai and... [to full text]
Jasinskienė, Inga. "Prienų rajono saugomų ir rekreacinių teritorijų tvarkymas ir naudojimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140616_103733-03937.
Full textThe purpose of research is to analyse the clearing and usage of the protected and recreational territories in Prienai district and discuss wherewith this district is unique. The subject of research is protected and recreational territories in Prienai district. The tasks of research: 1. To analyse the infrastructure adjustment of protected and recreational territories in Prienai district. 2. To discuss the tourism facilities in Prienai district. 3. To accomplish the survey seeking to evaluate the problems of protected territories, conditions and identify the relevance of protected territories selection. The methodology of research: Accomplish the research there were used methods of literature sources analysis, statistical data analysis and questionnaire survey analysis. Seeking to investigate the planning, protection and usage of protected and recreational territories, there were accomplished Prienai district protected terrritories analysis, discussed recreational territories. There is presented the results of questionnaire survey – protected territories vacationing approach to these territories and possibility to arrange protected territories selection. The results of research: ● There were thoroughly analysed Prienai district protected territories in the first part of work; ● In the second part of work, there was discussed tourism facilities, analysed Prienai district basis of estate data, it was revealed, that 70 percent district‘s estates are not used, only... [to full text]
Viidas, Isabelle, and Löfving Johan Nauclér. "Det Personliga museet : Känslomässigt engagemang genom interaktion i museer." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för teknik och estetik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-18094.
Full textThis bachelor thesis examines how interactive technologies can be used to convey cultural heritage by enhancing an exhibition in a museum context. Following the growing digitalization of society, an opportunity arises for museums to offer new experiences with added value besides facts and pictures. In order to take advantage of this digitalization, we have chosen to explore possibilities for new media to enhance a figurehead exhibition and focus on emotional aspects of the experience. Supported in previous research and a design ethnographic perspective, we have presented a design product as a proposal for how one can enhance an exhibition in a museum context. This design product is based on projection, gesture controls and microelectronics. This bachelor thesis offers a perspective on the use of interactive technology in the cultural sector and opens up for further discussion and investigation.
Andreozzi, Michele. "Seismic protection of buildings of historical/cultural interest through the use of vibrating barriers." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.
Find full textSaur, Angelica. "Skuggad terrängmodell och historiska kartor : Identifiering av forn- och kulturhistoriska lämningar i skogsmark." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för skog och träteknik (SOT), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-76255.
Full textForn- och kulturlämningar är historiska spår från våra förfäder och som till stor del återfinns i våra skogar. Skogsbrukets framfart har visat sig ha en stor negativ påverkan på lämningarna. SCA, Länsstyrelsen, Skogsstyrelsen och andra skogliga bolag har år 2020 satt upp en nollvision, inga forn- och kulturlämningar ska skadas. För att uppnå detta behöver skogsbruket hitta nya metoder för att söka ut och identifiera lämningar. I denna studie utfördes en analys av skuggad terrängmodell och historiska kartor för att undersöka om det är möjligt att identifiera forn- och kulturlämningar i skogsmark. Efter analysen utfördes en fältinventering för att fastställa om de tolkade lämningarna var verkliga lämningar och vilka lämningstyper det i så fall var. Studien avgränsades till trakter i Västernorrland och till lämningstyperna; fångstgrop, kolbotten, tjärdal, röse, stenmur, stig och husgrund. Resultatet visar att det är möjligt att identifiera forn- och kulturlämningar med hjälp av skuggad terrängmodell och historiska kartor. 8 av de tolkade lämningarna identifierades som verkliga lämningar. I historiska kartor tolkades och identifierades 2 lämningar, varav en även var identifierade i skuggad terrängmodell. Slutsatsen blev att enbart använda sig av skuggad terrängmodell för identifiering av forn- och kulturlämningar bedömdes vara en osäker metod i sig, men som komplement till andra data kan det vara en hjälp för att identifiera lämningar.
Argérus, Simon, and Sebastian Dimitrakis. "Moderniseringar av tekniska installationer i kulturhistoriskt värdefulla byggnader." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23913.
Full textThis thesis explores whether, demand-controlled lighting, ventilation and heating is an effective way of modernizing buildings with cultural heritage values. Furthermore, the possibility of modernizing the buildings should not interfere with the individual conservation requirements.A survey has been carried out on three buildings of cultural importance in Lund. The buildings included in the study are Ekska huset built in 1823, Lunds konsthall built in 1956 and Vårfrus- kolan built in 1868.Specialists within the building conservation, electricity, ventilation and heating sectors have been interviewed for the purpose of creating an understanding of the respective subjects. Gath- ered theoretical material has provided the basis for the questions during the interviews. The in- depth knowledge and multiple years of professional experience of the interviewees has been the key in analyzing the theoretical material. The proposals for modernization that have been brought forward through the study is founded in prior research as well as real experiences.The technology used to control the different installations on demand, are physically small and can often be implemented on existing systems. This means that energy efficiency can be achieved without greater visible intervention to the buildings. Demand controlled installations can therefore be implemented without interfering with the conservation requirements of build- ings with a cultural heritage value.A greater amount of control technology can contribute to greater energy savings. However, modernizations can result in increased investment, operating and maintenance costs. Individual assessments therefore determine how much technology is financially beneficial to install for each specific building.
Dahlvik, Linn, and Sandra Öster. "Underlag för utformning av nybyggnation i kulturmiljö : En fallstudie i Strömsbro, Gävle." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Samhällsbyggnad, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-30897.
Full textToday residential shortage occurs in several municipalities in Sweden. Densification could be a strategy to solve this problem. Areas where cultural heritage exists are vulnerable to new construction. The aim of this study is to examine how densification on a property could adapt to the surrounding cultural heritage and contribute to good quality of life. The objective is to form criteria for new housing in a cultural heritage environment as a foundation of exploitation. A visualization proposal has also been designed by the criteria. The study is delimited to Strömsbro in Gävle, Sweden and have been exemplified at the property Strömsbro 37:2 that is located in the area. The method DIVE has been used to analyze cultural heritage values and to demonstrate future development opportunities. The DIVE-analysis is performed in four steps: Describe, Interpret, Valuate, and Enable. By performing site visits and inventory in the analysis, values have been identified and a perception over the area have been obtained. Interviews and questionnaires have also been a part of the analysis and have contributed to identification of values, to understand the sense of place and to clarify possible developments. Building volumes have been studied as another method of this thesis. Calculations of volumes and floor area ratio of the surrounding environment have provided guidelines for the visualization. The work resulted in a design proposal of attractive new dwellings, considering the cultural heritage values and seclusion to reduce unwanted observation to create better qualities of life. The design proposal resulted in two apartment buildings, one townhouse and one complementary building that pursue traditional formation with modern details. The result can not represent everyone’s opinion regarding cultural preservation. Cultural heritage is a sensitive subject and citizens might get upset with the result. Residents should therefore be involved in an early stage of planning. Physical qualities that are important when planning for new housing in a cultural environment are coloring, material, building placement, street network, roofing and height scale. Volumes and floor area ratio are also important in the physical environment. The design proposal in this study shows how new housing could be implemented in a cultural district regarding the criteria.
Chorošilova, Ginaitaitė Kristina. "Šiaulių apskrities kraštovaizdžio vertybių tvarkymas ir organizavimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2007. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20070808.112315-02255.
Full textNatural landscape very often is being destroyed, replaced or created as a new cultural landscape. In such a situation it is very important to preserve areas, which has got it’s own ecological, social and cultural significance. The main purpose of this work is to estimate the valuable landscape’s, located in Šiauliai district, usage, protection system and how it’s regulation is being organized. As results of the analysis show, the biggest problems meet cultural heritage and valuable natural areas. While land rehabilitation is being in progress, illegal building is being held, because of people misbehavior, these areas may loose they own natural values, bigger or smaller natural landscape destruction may began. Trying to protect natural landscape’s cultural values, stop its disappearance and destruction in natural frame and conservation areas, general (long term) plan concept ional strategies consequences in Šiauliai district estimation is being held, conservation areas planning documents being created, conservation areas completed supervision being organized, NATURA 2000 conservation area’s network landscape management projects being arranged.
Dickinson, Joan Ivers. "The effects of visual barriers on the exiting behavior of residents in a dementia care facility." Thesis, This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-09192009-040501/.
Full textAxelsson, Johanna, and Stefania Lacalendola. "Kulturarvets själ och karaktär jämlik för alla : en studie om till- och frångänglighet i Kalmar residens." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för byggteknik (BY), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-76430.
Full textThis analysis has been conducted to show that it is possible to combine accessibility, accessible evacuation and cultural heritage buildings, in this case especially Kalmar residence, without distorting the building. The study was performed as a case study. By studying laws, regulations and rules as well as interviewing experts and comparing solutions with other buildings, the residence will become accessible. The aim of this work is to deliver a solution proposal. This proposal should also be used as an inspiration for future projects of similar complex types. The study has come to the conclusion that there is a need for more laws and rules on accessible evacuation and that accessibility is an aspect that should be taken more into consideration in cultural heritage buildings. It is important that everyone can take part in society on an equal basis.
Sousa, Ana Teresa Graça de. "O conjunto abaluartado de Évora: proposta de salvaguarda e valorização." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/12324.
Full textYang, Jin Rong. "The Application of Fuzzy Logic and Virtual Reality in the Study of Ancient Methods and Materials Used for the Construction of the Great Wall of China in Jinshanling." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu152410262072719.
Full textBose, Saptak. "An integrated approach encompassing point cloud manipulation and 3D modeling for HBIM establishment: a case of study." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.
Find full textDagnäs, Klara. "Tillgänglighetens påverkan på kulturvärden i statliga byggnadsminnen." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-63272.
Full textI dagens samhälle finns en stark drivkraft för att göra samhället så tillgängligt som möjligt för människor med olika funktionsnedsättningar. Det skapar en problematik när det kommer till Sveriges kulturarv, som skyddas av olika lagar, förordningar och skyddsföreskrifter. Arbetet utfördes åt statens fastighetsverk, som är en av Sveriges största myndigheter, vad gäller förvaltning av kulturfastigheter och dagligen brottas med denna problematik. Syftet med arbetet var att undersöka hur kulturvärden i dörrmiljöer hos statliga byggnadsminnen från 1800-talet påverkas i samband med åtgärder för att förbättra tillgängligheten. Målet var även att identifiera eventuella brister eller oväntade anledningar till att kulturvärden kan gå förlorade. Studien grundas på dokument- och fallstudier, som genomförts på totalt åtta dörrmiljöer i byggnaderna Gamla Riksarkivet, Kungliga Operan, Linneanum och Uppsala Universitetshus. För varje dörrmiljö har åtgärder och ingrepp som utförts identifierats. Därefter har en värdering och tolkning genomförts, utifrån två olika värderingsmodeller, av vilka kulturvärden som påverkats. Resultatet visar, att det är de visuella förändringarna, som påverkat kulturvärdena hos dörrmiljöerna i de flesta fall. Förändringarna i samhället och vår uppfattning av funktionsnedsättningar har drivit igenom de sociala reformer, som ursprungligen lett till förlusterna av kulturvärden. Samtidigt som tillgänglighet är en viktig fråga, bör vi ta hänsyn till faktumet att kulturarvet är dåligt anpassat för funktionshindrade av en anledning. I dokumentation och arkivhandlingar, som studerats, finns en tydlig brist kring vilka ingrepp som genomförts på byggnaderna sedan dess uppförande. Det är även en mycket låg detaljeringsnivå på de förklaringar och motiveringar, som finns i de tillståndsansökningar och beslut, som studerats från SFV och RAÄ. För att underlätta problematiken kring hur lagstiftningen för tillgänglighet och kulturvärden tolkas, bör bestämmelser och styrdokument för hur de olika lagstiftningarna ska förhålla sig till varandra tas fram.
Aldaher, Sébastien. "An Attempt to Set A design Base for post-conflict housing in the historic core of Homs, Syria." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Institutionen för Urbana Studier (US), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-44261.
Full textConcha, Lozano Nicolas. "Compatibilité et durabilité des pierres de substitutions dans les monuments. Aspects physicochimiques et visuels." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00739689.
Full textLandrieu, Jeremie. "Apport des réalités virtuelles et augmentées dans la planification et le suivi in situ de travaux de rénovation." Phd thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00936702.
Full textPinto, Tatiane Ribas. "Limites impostos pela bioética e pelo direito brasileiro à manipulação genética na reprodução humana assistida." Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito da UFBA, 2011. http://www.repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/10754.
Full textApproved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Meirelles(rodrigomei@ufba.br) on 2013-05-09T17:40:52Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Tatiane Ribas.pdf: 926925 bytes, checksum: 4fc6dcf30b665136b9016a2cf19dc8a9 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2013-05-09T17:40:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tatiane Ribas.pdf: 926925 bytes, checksum: 4fc6dcf30b665136b9016a2cf19dc8a9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011
O presente trabalho aborda a questão da preocupação surgida em torno da manipulação do genoma humano especialmente no que tange às práticas de engenharia genética na reprodução assistida e decorrente necessidade de proteção do patrimônio genético humano para as futuras gerações. Nesse sentido analisa-se a evolução do conhecimento científico até as biotecnologias de modificação genética atentando-se para o afastamento entre a ciência e a ética por conta do paradigma dominante e a busca bioética por sua reaproximação. Avalia-se ademais a função dos princípios para servirem de guias ao agir humano em face das novas possibilidades de sua intervenção que não mais está adstrita à natureza alcançando o próprio homem. Discorre-se sobre a importância das declarações e documentos internacionais e também acerca da indispensabilidade do Direito enquanto ferramenta apta a regular as pesquisas e as aplicações biotecnológicas principalmente quando voltadas para o ser humano. A questão do tratamento jurídico pelo ordenamento brasileiro é abordada para se demonstrar o vácuo legislativo acerca das práticas de reprodução humana assistida e as possíveis decorrências dessa omissão bem como as limitações legais em torno das possibilidades de engenharia genética sobre a constituição genotípica do ser gerado mediante essas técnicas. Todo o trabalho tem como norte os princípios da dignidade da pessoa humana da sua vulnerabilidade enquanto condição e a ética da responsabilidade, com vistas para a proteção do direito fundamental ao patrimônio genético humano cujo titular é a Humanidade presente e futura.
Salvador
Marcon, Bertrand. "Hygromécanique des panneaux en bois et conservation du patrimoine culturel : des pathologies... aux outils pour la conservation." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00704301.
Full textSiriwardhana, Siriwardhana Jathunge Dharshana Samantha. "Introducing of Small Scale Waste to Energy Incineration Plantfor Hotel; Heritance Ahungalla in Ahungalla, Sri Lanka." Thesis, KTH, Kraft- och värmeteknologi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-232335.
Full textAvyttringen av fast avfall har blivit en av de stora miljöfrågorna i Sri Lanka. Fast avfall är oftanämnt som en viktig orsak som bidrar till miljöförstöring. Snabb industrialisering och oplaneradurbanisering har gjort de asiatiska städerna offer för oorganiserat fast avfall. De flesta städer i SriLanka står inför samma problem och fortfarande har ingen riktig lösning införts av de andraregeringspartierna än öppen dumpning, vilket återigen genererar ett stort problem bland människorsom bor runt området. Balaptiya, som ligger i söder om Sri Lanka, är en av städerna i Sri Lanka ochderas dagliga avfallsproduktion är cirka 5500 kg, som samlas in av Balapitiya Local Authority ochskickas till den öppna dumpningsplatsen i Heenatiya. Den här staden är väldigt populär förturismen eftersom den ligger mellan de mycket kända turismstäderna Bentota och Hikkaduwa. Detfinns många hotell runt staden. Bland dem ligger Hotel Heritance Ahungalla, som är ett av defemstjärniga hotellen i Sri Lanka, lokaliserat inom Balapitiya Local Authority. Derasavfallsgeneration är ca 600 kg per dag.Denna studie fokuserar huvudsakligen på att introducera en småskalig förbränningsanläggning förkommunalt fast avfall som har samlats inom Balapitiya Local Authority och Hotel HeritanceAhungalle. Hotel Heritance Ahungalla är lokaliserat söder om landsbygden och har 152 rum. Detdagliga varmvattenbehovet är 30 m3, som för närvarande levereras med hjälp av en oljeeldad panna,vars månadsrörelsekostnad överstiger 1,2 miljoner LKR, för rumsanvändning och torkduk.Avfallsvärmen som genereras av den föreslagna förbränningsanordningen är planerad att användasför att generera mättad ånga, samtidigt som den oljeeldade pannan hålls i standby-läge. I slutändankommer detta att spara pengar, bränsleförbrukningen i den oljeeldade pannan minskar.I denna studie optimerades förbränningsanläggningens kapacitet till 335 kg/h, vilket innehöll cirka837,5 kW bruttoenergi, genom att beräkna tillgänglig mängd avfall från hotellet och kommunen,och lägga till procentuell prognostisering av framtida avfallsmängd. Därefter beräknades storlekenpå ugnen. Förbränning av detta fasta avfall kommer att bidra till att producera 3,7 ton/timmemättad ånga, vilket kommer att uppfylla hotellets dagliga ångkrav.
Massafra, Angelo. "La modellazione parametrica per la valutazione degli stati deformativi delle capriate lignee con approccio HBIM. Evoluzione della fabbrica e della copertura del teatro comunale di Bologna." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.
Find full textKarlsson, Emil, and Lina Nilsson. "Animerad TV-vinjett : utsmyckning eller genre? En studie i animerad TV-vinjett." Thesis, University West, Department of Economics and IT, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-2539.
Full textToday, the TV vignette is considered an embellishment to a TV program, despite its broad audiences and unique appearance. We wanted to find out if the television vignette has some common features and conventions but also find out how it relates to genre.We used a case study where we analyzed ten vignettes that we chose from certain criteria. We used a model based on image analysis that we modified to fit our needs. The main parts of each model consisted semiotics, imagery, dramaturgy and sound.We also made a couple of interviews with people who are active or used to work with vignettes. As a result we discovered that the television vignettes consist of certain conventions and that the vignette will not be considered as an independent genre, until the public has accepted it. However, we found that the vignette has common features and conventions that could fit into the established art form Motion Graphics. We see, however, that the vignette has the potential, thanks to digitization, to evolve and become a kind of its own.Today, the TV vignette is considered an embellishment to a TV program, despite its broad audiences and unique appearance. We wanted to find out if the television vignette has some common features and conventions but also find out how it relates to genre.We used a case study where we analyzed ten vignettes that we chose from certain criteria. We used a model based on image analysis that we modified to fit our needs. The main parts of each model consisted semiotics, imagery, dramaturgy and sound.We also made a couple of interviews with people who are active or used to work with vignettes. As a result we discovered that the television vignettes consist of certain conventions and that the vignette will not be considered as an independent genre, until the public has accepted it. However, we found that the vignette has common features and conventions that could fit into the established art form Motion Graphics. We see, however, that the vignette has the potential, thanks to digitization, to evolve and become a kind of its own.
Colmars, Julien. "Hygromécanique du matériau bois appliquée à la conservation du patrimoine culturel." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00765961.
Full textHellebois, Armande. "Theoretical and experimental studies on early reinforced concrete structures: contribution to the analysis of the bearing capacity of the Hennebique system." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209441.
Full textWith this in mind, the present research aims at identifying the specific structural characteristics of reinforced concrete structures erected before the First World War. Several axes of investigation were pursued in this PhD research and have resulted in the main observations detailed below.
- Based on a case study of the region of Brussels (Belgium), a database of structures built in reinforced concrete prior to 1914 was drawn up in order to place the material in its historical and geographical context. The inventory currently contains 507 examples and provides a panorama of the uses of reinforced concrete, ranging from numerous foundations and slabs to a complete structure from the end of the 1890s. This list is supplemented by a survey of a total of 605 patents filed for reinforced concrete in Belgium before the First World War. The early development of reinforced concrete was strongly related to national patenting, with a considerable number of systems being patented by private inventors for commercial purposes. Reinforced concrete profoundly transformed the building industry. All the professions working with the composite material had to change their approach, from the planning stage through to execution on the site. From the viewpoint of construction history, all these modifications make the time of the advent of reinforced concrete a particularly fruitful period to study.
- From the survey of early reinforced concrete structures in Brussels and the database of Belgian patents, the supremacy of the Frenchman François Hennebique and his system on the Brussels market for reinforced concrete (and, by extension, on the Belgian market) before 1914 is incontestable. This commercial achievement resulted from a combination of factors: an efficient structural system, meticulous attention to the quality of on-site reinforced concrete execution, and the commercial acumen to develop the business through advertising and other media. The well-known Hennebique system represents a monolithic structure including slabs, beams and columns. In fact, this system changed over the decades of operation of Hennebique’s company, not so much in relation to the design methods (his original semi-empirical method continued to be used) but particularly in practical terms (the type and location of the rebars among others). The evolution of the system is analysed by means of technical drawings from about 30 Belgian projects designed by Hennebique between 1900 and 1930.
- After the building contractors, who had been the first to believe in the structural and economic potential of reinforced concrete, engineers invented the calculation models and architects started developing new shapes. The Belgian engineer Paul Christophe was among the first theorists of reinforced concrete. The publication of his book Le béton armé et ses applications in 1899 is internationally recognised as a milestone in the rational modelling of structural reinforced concrete elements. Prior to the present study, details of his life and work remained largely uninvestigated, but the discovery of large parts of his personal archives has allowed clarification of his role in the popularisation of reinforced concrete, especially at the theoretical level.
- Reinforced concrete structures around the beginning of the 20th century were initially governed by empirical models of calculation (and execution) developed by the individual constructors. Gradually, reinforced concrete standards, published between 1904 and 1923 and based on working stress analysis and elastic modular ratio theory, replaced the utility of the patented systems. The different theoretical approaches are briefly described in this research. Mastering the theoretical assumptions and calculation methods used at the time represents the first step towards an appreciation of the structural behaviour and the possible weaknesses that can be expected.
- A review, based on literature published at that time, of the properties of the components of reinforced concrete allows identification of the characteristic materials used in the concrete matrix and the metal reinforcements. The execution process and the available technological tools for erecting a reinforced concrete structure are also addressed, as these would have had a direct influence on the quality of construction. Non-destructive and destructive experimental laboratory tests were performed on original samples, mainly removed from the Colo-Hugues viaduct (1904, Braine-l’Alleud, Hennebique system) in order to assess the mechanical properties, chemical features and durability issues for concrete and ferrous reinforcements. Comparing the results obtained using different techniques also makes it possible to determine the extent to which these techniques are reliable for the appraisal of early reinforced concrete structures.
- The structural efficiency of the Hennebique system is assessed based on an understanding of the principles of Hennebique’s semi-empirical method of calculation, but also – and primarily – by means of observations from experimental tests carried out on full-sized beams removed from the Colo-Hugues viaduct. Analysing and understanding the behaviour of the new composite material was a critical issue for promoting the use of reinforced concrete at the beginning of the 20th century. Today, what is required is a re-assessment of its structural behaviour. Three bending tests up to failure in simply supported conditions were performed at the BATir Department of the Université libre de Bruxelles on T-beams from the Colo-Hugues viaduct. This case study is representative of the majority of Hennebique structures, because the typical continuous straight T-beam is the main structural element of any Hennebique structure (bridge, building, etc.). The first test is a four-point bending test on a complete span (6 m) of the viaduct to obtain the response of the central part under positive bending moment. The flexural failure was ductile and occurred through yielding of the reinforcements followed by crushing of the concrete at mid-span. The second and third tests are three-point bending tests on 4 m long specimens centred on the column, representing the behaviour of the beam around the supports. These showed a sudden slipping failure due to loss of the adhesive bond between rebars. The results of these three experiments combined reproduce the actual behaviour of the viaduct in service. The bearing capacity of the Hennebique system in service and at ultimate has been demonstrated, at least for one loading case. These experimental tests provide essential data for a better understanding of the mechanisms of failure and reveal the main weaknesses of the Hennebique T-beam. Two strengthening solutions are suggested as supplementary information.
- The pathologies observed in early reinforced concrete structures (honeycombs, corrosion of the rebars, and so on) are mainly attributable to the tools and techniques that the builders had at their disposal (handmade compaction, high water-to-cement ratio, etc.) and by the limited contemporary knowledge of the physical and chemical phenomena, especially with regard to long-term effects. In fact, the concrete quality of the viaduct is surprisingly satisfactory despite its great age, due to the fact that the whole structure was covered with plaster, like the majority of reinforced concrete structures designed at that time.
This research establishes that reinforced concrete structures from 1880 to 1914 differ from later reinforced concrete structures. Taking into consideration the features of early reinforced concrete structures will contribute to ensuring sustainable conservation with limited intervention, thus preserving as much as possible of the original structure when restoration work is undertaken. Working on existing buildings often requires a multidisciplinary and holistic approach. The present study could thus be extended in various areas. For example, other structural aspects could be studied more in depth, such as demonstration of the shear strength of the Hennebique system or detailed consideration of the reinforcements (low adherence, particular anchorage devices, etc.)/
C'est dans le cadre de la conservation, au sens large du terme, que s'inscrit cette recherche sur les constructions en béton armé de première génération, c'est-à-dire de la fin du 19ème siècle au début du 20ème siècle. Cette recherche traite uniquement des superstructures, à l'exclusion des fondations, routes, tuyaux, etc. et en béton armé au sens moderne du terme, c'est-à-dire un béton réalisé à base de ciment artificiel et dont les armatures interviennent surtout pour reprendre les efforts de traction, ce qui exclut par exemple les utilisations de poutrelles métalliques enrobées de béton. Certains de ces ouvrages, réalisés entre 1880 et 1914, font aujourd'hui partie intégrante du patrimoine bâti, pour leurs valeurs architecturale, historique, technique ou aussi socio-économique. Ils jalonnent désormais l'histoire de la construction comme témoins d'une époque où le béton armé était un matériau nouveau. La Première Guerre mondiale marque la fin de cette période de premières innovations, d'explorations et d'expérimentations. Elle entérine l'acceptation et la diffusion du béton armé comme matériau de construction à part entière. Cependant, ainsi que le montrent certains projets de restauration actuels aux interventions inadéquates, il y a encore une méconnaissance des spécificités du béton armé de cette époque. Les causes de leurs dégradations mal diagnostiquées sont traitées de façon inappropriée. Or, dans les prochaines années, nombre de structures en béton armé construites dans la première moitié du 20ème siècle seront amenées à subir une rénovation suite au vieillissement naturel du matériau. C'est pourquoi pour conserver au mieux ces structures, il est indispensable d'étudier en détails leurs caractéristiques techniques pour ensuite intervenir, si nécessaire, de façon précise et adaptée.
Ce doctorat s'attèle donc à identifier les particularités des constructions en béton armé construites avant l'avènement de la Première Guerre mondiale, et plus spécifiquement à étudier leurs aspects structuraux. Plusieurs axes de recherche ont été développés et ont abouti aux principaux résultats suivants.
- Basé sur le cas de la région de Bruxelles-Capitale (Belgique), un inventaire des interventions en béton armé, construites avant 1914, a été dressé pour replacer le matériau dans son contexte historique et géographique. Cette base de données, comprenant 507 biens jusqu'à présent, illustre les types d'utilisation du béton armé dans la construction au début du 20ème siècle, d'abord des fondations ou simples planchers, jusqu'à une structure monolithique complète dès la fin des années 1890. Cet inventaire est complété par le relevé détaillé des brevets, au nombre de 605, déposés à ce sujet en Belgique avant la Première Guerre mondiale. Les brevets ont joué un rôle fondamental dans le développement du béton armé. Celui-ci était, en effet, régi par un foisonnement de systèmes commerciaux, majoritairement brevetés. L'introduction du béton armé a transformé en profondeur le secteur de la construction et notamment les professions liées tant à la phase de conception qu'au chantier lui-même. Du point de vue de l'histoire de la construction, toutes ces mutations font de l'avènement du béton armé une période historique riche.
- A la lecture du panorama offert par les inventaires des constructions et des brevets, la prééminence de la compagnie du Français François Hennebique, et donc de son système, sur le marché bruxellois (et par extrapolation sur le marché belge) du béton armé avant 1914 est indéniable. La réussite commerciale de Hennebique résulte d'une combinaison de facteurs: un système efficace sur le plan structural, une qualité d'exécution de béton coulé en place fiable et méticuleuse ainsi qu'un sens développé des affaires, en maîtrisant l'art de la promotion et de la publicité notamment. Le système bien connu de Hennebique comprend un ensemble monolithique formé par des dalles (hourdis), poutres et colonnes. Ce système a, en réalité, évolué dans le temps, pas tant d'un point de vue théorique (les calculs de dimensionnement sont les mêmes) mais plutôt pratique (positionnement, type d'armatures, etc.). Cette évolution a été observée par l'étude d'une trentaine de cas pratiques exécutés par Hennebique entre 1900 et 1930 en Belgique.
- Après les entrepreneurs, qui ont été les premiers à croire aux nouvelles possibilités constructives qu'offre le béton armé ainsi qu'à son succès commercial, les ingénieurs en inventent les principes de calcul et les architectes en révolutionnent les formes. L'ingénieur belge Paul Christophe fut parmi les premiers théoriciens du béton armé. La publication de son ouvrage Le béton armé et ses applications en 1899 constitue une étape importante, et internationalement reconnue, pour le dimensionnement rationnel d'éléments structuraux en béton armé. Jusqu'à la présente recherche, sa vie et son œuvre étaient restées assez confidentielles mais la découverte d'une partie de ses archives personnelles a permis de clarifier son rôle dans la diffusion, surtout théorique, du béton armé.
- Les structures en béton armé d'avant la Première Guerre mondiale furent d'abord gouvernées par des méthodes empiriques de dimensionnement (et d'exécution) développées par chaque constructeur. L'apparition des premières règlementations entre 1904 et 1923, basées sur une analyse en contraintes admissibles et la théorie du coefficient d'équivalence, remplace ensuite peu-à-peu l'utilité des systèmes brevetés. Les différentes approches théoriques sont brièvement décrites dans cette recherche. Maitriser les hypothèses et les méthodes de calculs employées à l'époque est, en effet, une première étape pour comprendre le fonctionnement structural prévu et les potentielles défaillances de dimensionnement.
- A travers une lecture attentive de la littérature publiée à cette période, les matériaux intervenants dans la fabrication du béton armé (c'est-à-dire le béton et les armatures) et utilisés couramment au début du 20ème siècle ont été identifiés ainsi que les moyens disponibles à cette époque pour produire des structures en béton armé. Des méthodes d'essais non-destructives et destructives ont été appliquées principalement, sur le viaduc Colo-Hugues (1904, Braine-l'Alleud, système Hennebique) afin d'évaluer les caractéristiques mécaniques, les propriétés chimiques et la durabilité tant du béton que des renforcements métalliques. Comparer les résultats de ces différentes méthodes permet d'aborder les limites d'utilisation de ces techniques, lorsqu'il s'agit d'évaluer structuralement des bétons armés de première génération.
- Grâce à la compréhension des principes, semi-empiriques, de dimensionnement appliqués par le bureau Hennebique en son temps mais surtout grâce aux observations déduites des essais expérimentaux réalisés sur des poutres de grandeur réelle, prélevées sur le viaduc Colo-Hugues, le fonctionnement structural réel du système Hennebique est évalué. Comprendre et modéliser le comportement du nouveau matériau composite fut une problématique fondamentale pour accroître l'usage du béton armé au début du 20ème siècle. Actuellement, il s'agit de réévaluer le comportement de ces structures. Trois essais jusqu'à rupture ont été menés, au département BATir de l'Université libre de Bruxelles, sur des poutres à gousset en T provenant du viaduc Colo-Hugues en conditions isostatiques et soumises à flexion. Ce viaduc des chemins de fer vicinaux est un cas d'étude représentatif de la majorité des constructions Hennebique, car la poutre de section en T est la structure typique du système Hennebique, utilisée tant dans les ouvrages d'art que dans les bâtiments. Le premier essai est une flexion 4 points sur une travée complète du viaduc (6 m de portée) pour obtenir la réponse en zone de moment maximum positif. La rupture ductile a eu lieu par plastification des armatures suivie d'un écrasement du béton en zone centrale, c'est-à-dire dans la zone la plus sollicitée. Deux éléments identiques de longueur de 4 m ont été essayés en flexion 3 points pour représenter le comportement sur appuis. La rupture de ces deux dernières expériences s'est produite suite à un glissement des armatures sur appuis (goussets à côté de la colonne). Il s'agit donc d'une rupture à caractère fragile. Les trois essais combinés représentent correctement la structure hyperstatique du viaduc dans son fonctionnement en service. La capacité portante réelle du système Hennebique en service et à l'état limite ultime, du moins dans un cas de chargement, a pu être expliquée. Ces essais fournissent les données essentielles pour estimer l'efficacité structurale du système Hennebique et identifier ses faiblesses. Deux solutions de renforcement sont proposées en complément d'information.
- Les pathologies observées dans les bétons armés datant du début du 20ème siècle (nids de graviers, corrosion des armatures, etc.) sont, la plupart du temps, causées par les outils sommaires à la disposition des constructeurs (vibration à la main, rapport eau/ciment plus élevé qu'aujourd'hui, etc.) et par une connaissance limitée des phénomènes physiques et chimiques, surtout à long terme. En fait, la qualité du béton du viaduc Colo-Hugues est particulièrement satisfaisante malgré l'âge avancé du béton, grâce notamment à l'enduit recouvrant l'ensemble du viaduc, ce qui est le cas pour la majorité des structures de la période étudiée.
Cette recherche démontre que les constructions en béton armé datant de 1880 à 1914 diffèrent des ouvrages postérieurs en béton armé et qu'il serait utile pour leur restauration de tenir compte de ces spécificités. La connaissance approfondie des particularités des constructions en béton armé de première génération permettra, espérons-le, de contribuer à leur longévité en intervenant le moins possible sur les structures d'origine. Etant donné que l'étude des structures existantes nécessite le plus souvent une approche pluridisciplinaire, ce travail pourrait être poursuivi dans plusieurs domaines variés. Il resterait notamment à approfondir d'autres aspects de stabilité, comme par exemple la démonstration de l'efficacité à l'effort tranchant du système Hennebique ou encore la prise en considération plus détaillée des armatures (adhérence limitée, forme d'ancrage particulier, etc.).
Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Mesquita, Esequiel Fernandes Teixeira. "Structural characterization and monitoring of heritage constructions." Doctoral thesis, 2017. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/105447.
Full textMesquita, Esequiel Fernandes Teixeira. "Structural characterization and monitoring of heritage constructions." Tese, 2017. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/105447.
Full textWain, Leonie Alison. "Size matters : seeing the values in large technology heritage." Phd thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/11772.
Full textHowlader, Milon Kanti. "In-plane behaviour of unreinforced masonry (URM) walls with openings in Australian heritage construction." Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1412118.
Full textThe research reported in this thesis focused on seismic assessment of perforated (that is, containing door and/or window openings) unreinforced masonry (URM) walls, representative of those used in heritage URM constructions throughout Australia. The primary aim of the research was to evaluate the performance of the URM walls under quasi-static cyclic in-plane loading to get a deeper understanding of the pier-spandrel response in perforated URM walls. Most of the heritage buildings were constructed before the development of the seismic design guidelines, hence the seismic capacity of those buildings is poorly understood. Furthermore, many such buildings hold a high level of cultural significance and hence there is a high value placed on their preservation. This PhD thesis aims to assess the seismic vulnerability concerning the parameters that affect the in-plane shear behaviour of the URM walls. In doing so, it is hoped that the research will help inform strategies which will be essential to preserve such construction through proper intervention/retrofitting. As a first step in the investigation process, the building stock listed on the State Heritage Register by the Heritage Council of NSW was characterised to get an overview of the history of the constructions. The buildings were categorised according to the URM materials, the number of stories, roof type (shapes and materials), construction year, geographic location and the past and current use for the buildings. The outcomes from the building characterisations were used to select the prototype specimen geometry and construction practice representative of a wide range of heritage listed URM buildings in NSW. Experimental cyclic in-plane testing of eight full-scale perforated URM walls with semi-circular arched openings was conducted to investigate the effect of pier-spandrel geometry and the vertical pre-compression load. In the experimental design phase, two wall geometries were chosen by varying the spandrel depth and two vertical pre-compression loads were considered to represent walls at different heights in a multi-storey building façade. For each combination of test parameters two wall specimens were intended to be tested, resulting in eight wall specimens in total. However, as the testing progressed, the variation of the performance between the two repeat wall tests with shallow spandrel and low pre-compression level was not significant. Hence, the repeat of the deep spandrel wall with low pre-compression load was not conducted and instead, a new geometry with asymmetric pier lengths was introduced resulting in different pre-compression levels in the two piers. The test results showed significant effect of the wall geometry and pre-compression load on the load-displacement behaviour, the failure mode, stiffness degradation and the energy dissipation of the walls. Also, the results showed that for the same configuration of the walls, the failure mode varied between specimens for some combinations of test variables. Finite element (FE) modelling and analysis was carried out using Diana FEA 10.2 (DIANA FEA, 2017). The FE analysis was performed in two phases. In the first phase, the preliminary analysis was done where the material input parameters were taken from previous researchers. The preliminary analyses were used to help design the experimental wall testing program. In the final phase, the tested properties for the materials used to construct the walls were inserted into the FE model. The geometry of the arch portion of the walls was also modified according to the actual test wall construction. The final FE modelling, representing the tested walls, performed well in predicting the experimental load displacement behaviour and the crack patterns. Finally, with the validated nonlinear FE modelling, a parametric study was conducted. The results from the experimental and the FE analyses were compared to the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering (NZSEE) guidelines for predicted maximum lateral strength and probable failure modes, to assess the reliability of the NZSEE provisions.
Brandão, Daniel da Cruz. "Museum of Ransom: Towards a system for the aggregation and interpretation of contemporary participatory video as contextual cultural heritage." Doctoral thesis, 2014. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/75071.
Full text