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1
Jehan, Tristan 1974. "Perceptual synthesis engine : an audio-driven timbre generator." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/61543.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2001.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 68-75).
A real-time synthesis engine which models and predicts the timbre of acoustic instruments based on perceptual features extracted from an audio stream is presented. The thesis describes the modeling sequence including the analysis of natural sounds, the inference step that finds the mapping between control and output parameters, the timbre prediction step, and the sound synthesis. The system enables applications such as cross-synthesis, pitch shifting or compression of acoustic instruments, and timbre morphing between instrument families. It is fully implemented in the Max/MSP environment. The Perceptual Synthesis Engine was developed for the Hyperviolin as a novel, generic and perceptually meaningful synthesis technique for non-discretely pitched instruments.
by Tristan Jehan.
S.M.
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Corn, Brian A. 1971. "Surge dynamics of a helicopter engine gas generator." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/50328.
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Hanipah, Mohd Razali. "Development of a spark ignition free-piston engine generator." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/2881.
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A dual-piston type two-stroke spark-ignition free-piston engine generator prototype has been developed. A comprehensive review on recent published researches and patent documents from academia and industrial organisations on free-piston engine generator, especially on the applications for series hybrid electric vehicles, was conducted. Relevant parameters affecting the operating performance and a number of challenges had been identified as the common denominator for this technology. Modelling and simulations using one-dimensional tools were conducted in parallel with the development activities. Three main simulation models for the crankshaft engines were developed, validated and optimised before converted into the free-piston engine model. This was done by using imposed-piston motion sub-model. The two-stroke free-piston engine model had undergone parametric study for valve timing optimisation. This model was validated by using motoring experimental results using the developed free-piston engine generator prototype. From the experimental results, the free-piston engine generator motoring performance was able to meet the targeted cyclic speed and compression pressure for starting. However, the free-piston engine generator operating speed was limited to 5Hz and below due to valve delay inherent in the pneumatic actuators. The motoring results were used to validate the free-piston engine model which showed a good agreement at various starting speeds. Finally, performance and parametric investigations were conducted using the final validated and refined free-piston engine model. From the simulation, it was found that the free-piston engine had similar response to air-fuel ratio and ignition position variations compare to crankshaft engine with the free-piston engine performance was slightly reduced. Further, the reduced frictional losses contributed little to its performance gain. However, the high influence of piston motion around TDC on the engine performance, observed in free-piston engine, could be manipulated to increase its performance significantly.
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Ambaripeta, Hari Prasad. "Range Extender Development for Electric Vehicle Using Engine Generator Set." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1424202532.
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Nayak, Sandeep M. "Experimental and theoretical investigation of integrated engine generator - liquid desiccant system." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/3140.
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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2005.Thesis research directed by: Mechanical Engineering. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Jia, Boru. "Analysis and control of a spark ignition free-piston engine generator." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/3419.
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In this research, the performance analysis and control strategy of a spark-ignited free-piston engine generator were presented. A literature review of the free-piston engine fundamental information and the recent research development on the free-piston engine generator (FPEG) was provided, mainly focussing on previous work on numerical modelling, prototype design as well as the control strategy. The design and simulation of a dual-piston spark-ignited FPEG suitable for operation using either a two-stroke or four-stroke thermodynamic cycle were presented. Model validation and the general engine performance of the system were discussed. For the first time, this research demonstrated the potential advantages and disadvantages of the FPEG on using different thermodynamic gas-exchange cycles. A fast response real time model of the FPEG was designed and validated. The simplicity and flexibility of the proposed model make it feasible to be implemented and coupled with real-time hardware in the loop control system development. In addition, since it revealed how an FPEG operates according to a resonant principle, the model is useful for parameter selection in the design process. For the first time, cascade control was proposed and investigated for the piston stable operation control, using both the measured piston top dead centre of the previous stroke and the measured piston velocity at the current stroke as feedbacks, with the injected fuel mass as the control variable. The system performance was improved by implementing the cascade control compared with single loop control in terms of the controller response time, peak error and settling time.
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Cramer, Kevin Brendan. "Design of a Total Pressure Distortion Generator for Aircraft Engine Testing." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42807.
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A new method and mechanism for generating non-uniform, or distorted, aircraft engine inlet flow is being developed in order to account for dynamic changes during the creation and propagation of the distortion. Total pressure distortions occur in gas turbine engines when the incoming flow is disturbed. Dynamic total pressure changes may happen slowly, or may occur very rapidly. The disturbance of the incoming flow can change engine operating characteristics, including lowering the surge limit and creating High Cycle Fatigue incidents. In order to create a distorted flow with dynamic characteristics, a mechanism must be developed that when actuated, can change the distortion pattern and intensity with respect to time.
This work covers the initial design of both the distorting and actuating device. The design chosen is a low force design that is practically independent of flow forces. This allows the system to be easily sized for all flow conditions. The study also includes developing the working design into an overall prototype. Testing is also performed to validate the design as the most advantageous choice.Master of Science
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Hu, Yanting. "Advanced control system for stand-alone diesel engine driven-permanent magnet generator sets." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.366632.
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Gašperec, Michal. "Konstrukce HHO generátoru." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-230170.
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The subject of this Master Thesis is construction of hydrogen generator for automotive industry. The objective is to design system which is able to produce required amount of gas. The master thesis includes basic analysis of situation, mathematical equations of electrolytic process and procedure of mechanical design according required power of generator. The next part is design of power control system of hydrogen generator based on informations from automobile. The last part describes power supply of whole system with electric energy. The output of the Master Thesis is the whole design of hydrogen generator including sensor system and control system. The thesis also includes suggestions for next improvements and research.
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Wheeler, Kaitlyn Rose. "Efficient Operation of Diesel Generator Sets in Remote Conditions." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/78374.
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Diesel engine and generator sets (gensets) have been extensively used for standby and remote power generation over the past hundred years. Due to their use for standby power, these diesel gensets are designed to operate in conjunction with the grid, which relates to a fixed speed operation with a 60 Hz AC output. For operation in remote conditions, such as military and disaster relief applications, this fixed speed operation results in limiting the power output available from the engine, as well as the overall efficiency of the system.
The removal of this grid connectivity requirement could result in an increase in system efficiency. At a given load, the engine operates more efficiently at lower speeds, which corresponds to an increase in the system efficiency. This low speed operation also results in lower power output. Knowledge of the load is important in order to determine the most efficient operating point for fixed speed operations.
Operating at a higher power output for a given speed also results in higher system efficiency. The addition of a battery pack will allow for a higher apparent load, resulting in higher operating efficiency. The addition of a battery pack will also allow for energy storage, which allows for a higher operating efficiency, as well as "engine off time". A controlled series capacitor converter should be used to ensure that the maximum power is transferred from the genset to the battery/load. Knowledge of the load and equipment available should be used in order to determine the ideal dispatch strategy.
Overall, operation at the grid frequency limits the efficiency of the overall system for remote operations where grid frequency is not required. The simulated genset had an efficiency of 24% for a 3 kW when operated at 1800 RPM, and increase from the 17% efficiency at it normal operating speed of 3600 RPM. This corresponded to a fuel savings of 3 gallons over 24 hours of continuous operation. When a battery is incorporated into the system, the efficiency of the system will increase for a given output load. For example, the simulated genset has an efficiency of 15% for a 1 kW load, which increases to 24% when a battery is added and charged at 2 kW.Master of Science
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McCauley, Bob. "Expert Systems in Data Acquisition." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/615229.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 26-29, 1987 / Town and Country Hotel, San Diego, CaliforniaIn an Independent Research and Development (IR&D) effort, the Telemetry Systems Operation (TSO) of Computer Sciences Corporation (CSC) sought to determine the feasibility of using Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques in a real-time processing environment. Specifically, the use of an expert system to assist in telemetry data acquisition processing was studied. A prototype expert system was implemented with the purpose of monitoring F15 Vertical Short Take Off and Landing (VSTOL) aircraft engine tests in order to predict engine stalls. This prototype expert system was implemented on a Symbolics 3670 symbolic processor using Inference Corporation's Artificial Reasoning Tool (ART) expert system compiler/generator. The Symbolics computer was connected to a Gould/SEL 32/6750 real-time processor using a Flavors, Inc. Bus Link for real-time data transfer.
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Černý, Martin. "Úprava naftové elektrocentrály pro paralelní chod se sítí." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-442793.
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This works applies the idea of adjustment an engine-generator, so it is possible to connect an engine-generator, or other type of a generator, to the electricity. Consequently, the machine can transform the power supply without an outage. This work concerns the complex approach, provides the descriptions of particular parts, sensors and active components of a motor-generator and includes the explanation of their function. Further research is focused on designing and drawing a plan with a choice of a control unit for the whole system. Finally, the work deals with the complex implementation and testing the machine in real operation.
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Qaddoura, Fareed. "Dynamic Website and Data Engine Generators for Distributed Enterprise/Business Architectures." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2004. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/195.
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Creating websites providing dynamic services is an extensive process. Intelligent systems are used to create websites with dynamic services. Current intelligent systems are hard to use and configure by the average user. The generated websites are usually custom built to solve one problem and cannot be fully customizable for users on different environments. This thesis presents a technological solution that enables the average user to create websites with dynamic services by providing a number of parameters. The website generator is a web-based application that generates all the components of the website. The components act as portlets and the generated website will be the portal application. The data engine generator creates the website's underlying database. To enable distributed enterprise/business architecture, the data engine generator records the metadata about the database and the website to be generated. The website generator is a cost effective, dynamic, secure, reliable, and scalable solution that outperforms current website generators and portal applications.
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Jalal, Aslan Sabahaldeen. "Design and performance investigation of flux-concentrated tubular linear generator for an external combustion free piston engine." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/4007.
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The increasing global desire for highly fuel efficient power systems and the need for environmentally friendly energy sources is driving much present research in electrical power. A linear power system, where a linear machine is driven directly by a free piston engine, offers scalability and a wide range applicability. Standalone power units, hybridised power systems and range extenders in electrified vehicles are all potential applications for this technology. This thesis explores the application of a Linear Joule Engine driving a Permanent Magnet Linear Machine for electrical power generation. Whereas most Joule cycle engines have a rotary compressor and expander, at smaller scale this configuration suffers from leakage around the blades. The linear engine uses a double acting free piston configuration running on the external combustion Joule-cycle, overcoming the low efficiency inherent in small scale gas turbines. The key element for electrical power generation, and the main focus of this thesis, is the development of a linear machine operating as a generator, the design of which is heavily constrained by the geometrical and the operational characteristics of the engine. Using specific constraints for an 5kW engine and by using two dimensional finite element analysis, a novel design methodology of tubular PM linear machine with modular armature winding and feasible arrangements of magnets on the translator member is outlined. The effect of core material, pole number and power conversion system on the machine design are investigated, highlighting the effect of the interconnected design variables on the resulting performance and material use, all satisfying design objectives. A Flux – Concentrated PM configuration is selected for further development. vi In order to accomplish an overall system performance investigation tool, at first the development of a general novel linear machine model is introduced and tested in a feedforward manner with accounts for all machine interacting electromagnetic forces. Then, a novel dynamic model incorporating both the linear machine model driven by the linear Joule engine model, coupled together in a closed loop form, is realized. The coupled model bridges mechanical and electrical parts of the engine-generator, and provides a solid dynamic performance prediction of the system focusing on identifying the effect of cogging force on system performance and the resultant electrical power loss and electrical efficiency. Compared with the reported cogging force reduction techniques, a novel structural technique and a selection criteria are presented with two dimensional axisymmetric finite element analysis verification showing the effectiveness of the proposed technique. Finally, a machine prototype of the selected design model is manufactured and tested on a bespoke test rig to validate the design model findings. Manufacturing recommendations and future achievable steps are reported for future development of the existing work.
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Lan, Song. "The role of thermoelectric generator in the efficient operation of vehicles." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2018. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/36309.
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In the face of the internationally tightened requirements and regulations for CO2 emissions from the transportation sector, waste heat recovery using a thermoelectric generator (TEG) has become the most significant research interest. A vehicular TEG, converting otherwise wasted thermal energy from engines to electricity directly for use in the vehicle systems, is a promising approach for vehicle original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) to reduce fuel consumption and lower CO2 emissions. This thesis aims to explore the main challenges to be faced in the commercialization of TEGs. Based on a review of the literature, four research gaps have been identified, which are respectively: * Translating the material improvements into TEG Performance, * Transient behaviors of vehicular TEGs under driving cycles, * Fuel saving percentage and cost-benefit estimation of TEG, * Bidirectional characteristic of TEM and bifunctional vehicular TEG. To directly address these research gaps, a quasi-static TEM model, a dynamic TEG model, a semi-empirical vehicular TEG model, and a dual-model TEM model have been respectively developed and validated through experiments on both TEM test rigs and TEG engine test benches. These developed models are used as tools to investigate the performance of TEG, parameters sensitivity, and integration effects. Model-based TEG control, TEG cost benefit ratio and feasibility of a bifunctional TEG are also explored based on the developed models. The simulation results show that TEG power generation is highly sensitive to the heat transfer coefficient of hot side heat exchanger and thermal contact resistance. The TEG installation position is identified as the most important integration effect. It has been found by the simulation result that the fuel saving with TEG installed upstream of the three-way catalyst (TWC) is 50% higher than the fuel saving with TEG installed downstream of the TWC. The fuel saving percentage for a skutterudite vehicular TEG, which can generate around 400-600W in constant speed 120km/h, is 0.5-3.6% depending on the integration position in the exhaust line. A 3-minute faster warm-up effect of engine oil can be obtained when the bifunctional TEG works in engine warm-up mode with electrical current applied.
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Joubert, Louis Hoogenhout. "Design optimisation of a transverse flux linear oscillating generator for resonant free-piston Stirling applications." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96849.
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Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The design optimisation of a linear oscillatory electric generator for application in freepiston Stirling engines is described in this thesis. A basic overview of free-piston Stirling engine technology is given by firstly providing a brief description of the operation of the heat engine. The applications of free-piston Stirling engines in industry are given and the proposed future applications are described. Different types of electrical machine designs from industry and academia are evaluated in a literature study. A classification structure is also proposed based on the magnetic flux variation within the designs. Based on the literature study, a transverse flux, single-phase, moving magnet, tubular topology was chosen for investigation. Athree dimensional finite element simulation was chosen as the most appropriatemethod to model the linear electrical machine. A commercial simulation package was called from a simulation script and the outputs from the finite element simulation were again used to calculate the electrical machine performance parameters using the instantaneous voltageand current values. A sequential quadratic programming algorithm was used to perform optimisation of the machine topologies, with the optimisation variables being dimensional parameters that describe the machine geometry and the goal of the optimisation to minimise the active mass of the machine, while maintaining preset minima for the output power and the efficiency. The machine was optimised for a number of different translator configurations and the different configurations were analysed and compared. It was found that a quasi-Halbach arrangement of the permanent magnets yielded the lowest overall active mass. A comparative study is also presented, where this quasi-Halbach variant is compared to a commercial machine. It was found that the linear machine design with a quasi-Halbach arrangement compares well with the commercial machine. A prototype and test bed was designed and constructed. Due to manufacuring difficulties however, the machine could not be completed in time for testing.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die ontwerpsoptimering van ’n lineêre ossillerende elektriese generator vir toepassing in vrysuier Stirling enjins word beskryf in hierdie tesis. ’n Basiese oorsig van vrysuier Stirling enjin tegnologie word gegee deur eerstens ’n kort beskrywing te gee van die werking van die hitte-enjin. Die aanwending van vrysuier Stirling enjins in industrie word gegee en voorgestelde toekomstige toepassings word beskryf. Verskillende tipes elektriese masjien ontwerpe vanuit die industrie en die akademie word geëvalueer in ’n literatuurstudie. ’n Klassifiseringstruktuur, gebaseer op die magnetiese vloedverandering in die ontwerpe, word ook voorgestel. ’n Transverse vloed, enkelfase, bewegende magneet, tubulêre topologie is gekies vir die ondersoek, gebaseer op die onder andere die literatuurstudie. ’n Drie-dimensionele eindige element simulasie is gekies as die mees geskikte metode om die lineêre elektriese masjien te modelleer. ’n Kommersiële simulasie pakket is deur middel van ’n simulasie skrip geroep en die uitsette vanaf die eindige element simulasie is weer gebruik om die werksverrigtingsparameters van die elektriese masjien te bereken deur gebruik te maak van die oomblikswaardes van die spanning en stroom. ’n Sekwensiële kwadratiese programmering algoritme is gebruik om optimering van die masjien topologieë te doen, met die dimensionele parameters wat die masjien geometrie beskryf as die optimeringsveranderlikes en doel van die optimering om die aktiewe massa van die masjien te minimeer, terwyl die uitsetdrywing en die benuttingsgraad by voorafgestelde minima gehou word. Die masjien is geoptimeer vir verskeie translator konfigurasies en die verskillende konfigurasies is geanaliseer en vergelyk. Dit is bevind dat ’n kwasi-Halbach skikking van die permanente magnete die laagste totale aktiewe massa gelewer het. ’n Vergelykende studie is ook aangebied, waar die kwasi-Halbach variant vergelyk is met ’n kommersiële masjien. Dit is bevind dat die lineêre masjien met die kwasi-Halbach skikking baie goed vergelyk met die kommersiële masjien. ’n Prototiepe masjien en toetsopstelling is ontwerp en aan mekaar gesit. Maar as gevolg van vervaardigbaarheids tekortkominge kon toetse op die prototiepe nie betyds gedoen word nie.
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Toscanelli, Massimo. "Multicore Software Development for Engine Control Units." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/19281/.
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The aim of this thesis was to find the best solution for multi-core data transfer of Engine Control Units provided with AUTOSAR architecture. Once studied the best algorithm to design a proper inter-core communicator, a code generator has been developed to automatically produce C code and implement multi-core control units' functionalities.
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Lewalski, Antosh. "Short Distance Telemetry for Piston Monitoring. Design and Development of Short Distance Telemetry for Engine Condition Monitoring." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5408.
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Piston telemetry research involves monitoring the temperatures at specific internal location points within a combustion engine piston. The temperatures are detected with type K thermocouples as voltages and processed to convert them into temperatures using cold junction compensation methods.
The present system uses a specific sensor designed to operate in the high temperature environment within the piston, reading multiple thermocouples. Because of the reciprocating motion of the piston, power generation is intermittent and available only when the piston reaches near bottom dead centre, using inductive coupling to power the sensors and transmit data to an evaluation unit for data processing.
The planned system involves designing and building a prototype telemetry unit using ¿off the shelf¿ components that integrate the reading of thermocouple outputs, signal processing and cold junction compensation. Wireless telemetry is adopted for data transmission with an integrated Bluetooth and microcontroller module. The data acquisition module can be adapted for other sensors by adapting the firmware uploaded to the microcontroller. The hardware electronics are envisaged to be encased in thermal insulation to enable operation in high temperature environments.
The considered system requires a power supply for the integrated components in the form of a power generator and that it should meet two criteria: to be located within confined spaces and to be permanently available, without having to dismantle systems to change batteries. The selected method is an induction generator constructed from a coil stator connected to the piston connection rod big end and a permanent magnet rotor connected to the crankshaft.
The suggested mechatronic system is validated against the present system by comparing both systems to determine whether wireless telemetry can perform within acceptable tolerances and limits for the specified task. Then, for acceptable performances, reduce costs and include flexibility to operate in multiple environments. Bench testing shows that the power generator is capable of driving the sensors and the Bluetooth integrated DAQ system.EPSRC and University of Bradford
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Sobotka, Tomáš. "Modernizace a ekologizace teplárny." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-230033.
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The target of this diploma thesis is design of cogeneration unit with following requirements: • Installation of new unit instead of the old and used up one. • Electric energy supply within Supportive service – fast starts • Greening (replacement of coal with natural gas) At the beginning I deal with the current state of old unit. In the next part there is the design of new technological unit, which consists of design of boilers, gas engines, steam turbines. Final phase of the thesis includes economical analysis focused on setting of financial return.
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Daňhel, Aleš. "Využití biomasy pro mikrokogeneraci." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-221207.
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This master’s thesis deals with utilization of biomass for micro cogeneration. The theoretical part of the master’s thesis defines main terms of the master’s thesis, which is biomass and cogeneration. The practical part of the master’s thesis is focused on the design and manufacturing of small micro cogeneration unit based on a small membrane steam engine. It means design of two steam generators to produce steam for the membrane steam engine. It will be also carried out design and production of membrane steam engine which is fitted with a small BLDC generator including electrical part for power output and measuring parameters. It will be made several measurements with the steam engine including measuring power output characteristic of the steam engine and measuring loading characteristics of the generator.
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Bečka, Pavel. "Revize a návrh úprav chladícího systému smykem řízených nakladačů B861, B961." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231228.
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The object of this diploma thesis is revision of coolant system skid steer loaders “BOBEK” B861, B961 and his eventually optimization for prevention of overheating hydraulic system and engine. The first part dedicate of general issues of coolant skid steer loaders. The second part is the calculation during heat stress hydraulic systems of loader and the third part include proposals for solutions problems of overheating hydraulic systems and combustion engine.
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Krčálová, Petra. "Parní generátor." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-254227.
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Master thesis on topic steam generator deal with about improving the efficiency due to the use of combined cycle while producing electrical energy. The first part includes the possibility of using combustion engines in the energy sector and describes their advantages and disadvantages in the production of electricity. Further described is the use of the concept of a combustion engine in a combined cycle, and improving the efficiency of electricity through the use of waste heat boilers and steam turbines. The second part is design of the steam generator, which is connected behind the chosen combustion engine with power exceeding 10 MW. Whether this concept is profitable and competitive is in mentioned in the last chapter dealing with the return entry investment. In this chapter is compared several variants use and a demonstration of the impact of fuel prices on the profitability of this concept.
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Amirian, Hossein. "Design of a novel rotary compact power pack for the series hybrid electric vehicle : design and simulation of a compact power pack consisting of a novel rotary engine and outer rotor induction machine for the series hybrid electric vehicle powertrain." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4446.
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Hybrid electric vehicles significantly reduce exhaust emissions and increase fuel economy. Power packs are the most fundamental components in a series powertrain configuration of a hybrid vehicle, which produce the necessary power to run the vehicle. The aim of this project is to design a compact power pack for a series hybrid vehicle, using virtual prototyping. The hybrid electric vehicle characteristics and configurations are analysed, followed by an explanation of the principles of induction machines. A new type of rotary induction machine with an outer rotor construction is designed to be coupled with the novel rotary internal combustion engine with rotating crankcase in order to form the compact power unit for the hybrid vehicle. The starting and generation performance of the designed machine is analysed by an electric machine simulator, called JMAG. ADVISOR software is studied and utilised to simulate the overall vehicle performance, employing different categories of power packs in the powertrain. Results show that the proposed compact power pack has the best performance in terms of fuel economy, emissions and battery charging compared to the existing power unit options. Over the city cycle, fuel economy is increased by up to 47 % with emission reduced by up to 36 % and over the highway cycle, fuel economy is increased by up to 69 % with emission reduced by up to 42 %.
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Neklapil, Libor. "Návrh souosého vysokootáčkového reduktoru." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-228136.
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The thesis deal with design of coaxial high-speed gear box for small-scale turboshaft engines. At the beginning a study of problems was performed and for design concept was elected version of single-shaft turbo-engine with electric generator. Kinematic diagram, type of gear design, material and lubrication method was designed. Further was solved proposal of basic gearing parameters, choice of the number of tooth and basic proposal calculations were performed. Was performed check calculation of gearing, calculation of bearings durability and was processed design documentation in required range. Designed gear reducer has two stage with three coutershafts, that are deployed evenly about main axis of reducer. First stage is gear with external gearing, second stage with internal gearing. The thesis may be used as a template for next similar gear reducers design.
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Klajn, Felipe Fernandes. "Avaliação Comparativa de Diferentes Proporções das Misturas Diesel-Biodiesel-Etanol e Diesel-Biodiesel frente ao Diesel Tipo A :Análises Físico-Químicas e de Desempenho de um Conjunto Motor-Gerador." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Parana, 2016. http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/807.
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The search for alternatives to reduce diesel within the national energy matrix, particularly within the transport sector, has been studied and carried out in a gradual manner with partial insertions of biodiesel to diesel. This binary mixture, however, can be improved by the addition of ethyl alcohol (ethanol), which contain oxygen atoms in its structure and may be able to promote more efficient burning and to reduce exhaust emissions, both sulfur and non-sulfur. This work aimed to evaluate the energy performance of an engine-generator set working with diesel-biodiesel blends and diesel-biodiesel-ethanol, compared with the diesel type "A", i.e, diesel without the addition of biodiesel, as well as physicochemical characteristics of each treatment. The diesel-biodiesel mixtures were based on the currently marketed formulation (B7) and projections provided by the Senate Bill 613/2015 and Resolution No. 3/2015 CNPE for captive consumers or road fleets, ie, B10, B15 and B20. Each binary mixture this has undergone additions of anhydrous ethanol (99.6% p / p) to 1%, 5%, 10% and 15%. The treatments were subjected to 5 resistive loads of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 kW in triplicate. The set of data collected, analyzed the density, viscosity, calorific value, specific consumption (CE), energy efficiency (EE) and SO2 emissions. The density and viscosity of the mixtures were close to the diesel and within the specifications of the National Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels (ANP). The calorific value decreased as the biofuel incorporated into the diesel grew. The best specific fuel consumption was observed in absolute terms at a load of 5 kW for B15E1 with 327.1 g kW-1 h-1followed by B10E1 (330.1 g kW-1 h-1) and diesel (g kW-1 h-1). The ternary mixture composed by adding 1% ethanol did not differ statistically from diesel-biodiesel blends for all applied loads. The greatest EE of 27.15% was observed at the load of 4 kW, to B10E15 mixture. The B15E1 mixtures, B20E1 and B20E0 were more efficient than diesel for all applied loads. The lowest emission of SO2 was 5 kW for the load B10E0 with 397.66 ppm, while the highest was in load of 1 kW for B15E15 with 3391.67 ppm.
A busca de alternativas para a diminuição do uso de diesel dentro da matriz energética nacional, principalmente dentro do setor de transportes, tem sido estudada e realizada de modo gradativo com inserções parciais de biodiesel ao diesel. Esta mistura binária, entretanto, pode ser melhorada com a adição de álcool etílico (etanol), que por conter átomos de oxigênio em sua estrutura pode ser capaz de promover uma queima mais eficiente e reduzir as emissões gasosas, tanto sulfuradas quanto não sulfuradas. Assim, este trabalho buscou avaliar o desempenho energético de um conjunto motor-gerador trabalhando com misturas diesel-biodiesel e diesel-biodiesel-etanol, comparando com o diesel tipo A , isto é, diesel sem a adição de biodiesel, bem como características físico-químicas de cada tratamento. As misturas diesel-biodiesel tiveram como base a formulação atualmente comercializada (B7) e projeções previstas pelo Projeto de Lei do Senado 613/2015 e Resolução CNPE nº 3/2015 para frotas cativas ou consumidores rodoviários, isto é, B10, B15 e B20. Cada mistura binária desta sofreu adições de etanol anidro (99,6% p/p) a 1%, 5%, 10% e 15%. Os tratamentos foram submetidos a 5 cargas resistivas de 1, 2, 3, 4 e 5 kW, em triplicata. Do conjunto de dados colhidos, foram analisados a densidade, viscosidade, poder calorífico superior e inferior, consumo específico (CE), eficiência energética (EE) e as emissões de SO2. A densidade e viscosidade das misturas ficaram próximas ao diesel e dentro das especificações da Agência Nacional do Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis (ANP). O poder calorífico inferior diminuiu a medida que o teor de biocombustíveis incorporados ao diesel cresceu. O melhor consumo específico em termos absolutos foi verificado na carga de 5 kW, para B15E1, com 327,1 g kW-1 h-1 seguido de B10E1 (330,1 g kW-1 h-1) e do diesel (334,7 g kW-1 h-1). As misturas ternárias compostas pela adição de 1% de etanol não diferiram estatisticamente das misturas diesel-biodiesel para todas as cargas aplicadas. A maior EE verificada foi de 27,15%, na carga de 4 kW, para a mistura B10E15. As misturas B15E1, B20E1 e B20E0 foram mais eficientes que o diesel para todas as cargas aplicadas. A menor emissão de SO2 foi verificada na carga de 5 kW para a mistura B10E0, com 397,66 ppm, enquanto a maior foi na carga de 1 kW, para B15E15, com 3391,67 ppm.
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Gustafsson, Jonatan. "Linearization Based Model Predictive Control of a Diesel Engine with Exhaust Gas Recirculation and Variable-Geometry Turbocharger." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Fordonssystem, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-174829.
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Engine control systems aim to ensure satisfactory output performance whilst adhering to requirements on emissions, drivability and fuel efficiency. Model predictive control (MPC) has shown promising results when applied to multivariable and nonlinear systems with operational constraints, such as diesel engines. This report studies the torque generation from a mean-value heavy duty diesel engine with exhaust gas recirculation and variable-geometry turbocharger using state feedback linearization based MPC (LMPC). This is accomplished by first introducing a fuel optimal reference generator that converts demands on torque and engine speed to references on states and control signals for the MPC controller to follow. Three different MPC controllers are considered: a single linearization point LMPC controller and two different successive LMPC (SLMPC) controllers, where the controllers are implemented using the optimization tool CasADi. The MPC controllers are evaluated with the World Harmonized Transient Cycle and the results show promising torque tracking using a SLMPC controller with linearization about reference values.
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Samarajeewa, Hasitha. "Design of 1.6 Liter Genset Engine." Scholarly Repository, 2011. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/277.
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Generators are widely used across the world as portable power units in case of power outages, used for emergency services and are also used in rural areas without access to electricity. The majority of commercially available generators use internal combustion engines designed as automobile engines with little or no optimization for use in generators. With operating conditions vastly different than that of automobile engines, they can be re-designed to operate much more efficiently as generator engines. The development objective here was to design a low cost, 1.6L, lean burn, internal combustion engine which minimizes heat losses, time losses and frictional losses to improve thermal efficiency. Various high swirl, high squish, easily CNC’d combustion chambers were created in the re-design process. A computer model was used to provide insight into the trade-off between time losses and heat losses. A maximum brake thermal efficiency of 37.2% was achieved.
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LUCENA, Luiz Roberto Rocha de. "Análise das emissões, eficiência e condições de operação de um motor do ciclo diesel de 206 kW, operando em modo dual com diesel/biodiesel e gás natural." Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, 2015. http://dspace.sti.ufcg.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/riufcg/471.
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LUIZ ROBERTO ROCHA DE LUCENA - DISSERTAÇÃO (PPGEM) 2015.pdf: 2629611 bytes, checksum: 9d4b92496c709e6181c7746ee3d76d6d (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-24T14:36:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LUIZ ROBERTO ROCHA DE LUCENA - DISSERTAÇÃO (PPGEM) 2015.pdf: 2629611 bytes, checksum: 9d4b92496c709e6181c7746ee3d76d6d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015
Este trabalho foi desenvolvido experimentalmente com o intuito de analisar o comportamento das emissões, da potência e do consumo do motor diesel, operando em “modo dual” com diesel/biodiesel e gás a uma taxa de substituição do diesel por gás natural da ordem de aproximadamente 85 %. Foram ensaiadas misturas de B20 a B80 com intervalos de 20%, além dos dois limites, inferior e superior (B5 e B100), do diesel comercial e do biodiesel puro respectivamente, onde foram realizados para cada condição de mistura, ensaios com rotação constante de 1800 RPM controlada eletronicamente e potências elétrica de 40, 60, 80, 100 e 120 kW, respectivamente. Todo o sistema foi monitorado por sensores de temperatura, pressão, vazão, velocidade e as emissões de NOx , NO, CO2, CO, O2, Excesso de Ar etc. foram registradas em um analisador de gases de combustão. Os dados dos ensaios foram adquiridos por meio de um sistema de aquisição de dados instalado em um PC e armazenados em mídia própria, para posterior tratamento e análise através de Tabelas e gráficos e comparação com o ensaio B5, denominado neste trabalho de padrão diesel, bem como confrontado com outros trabalhos. Ao término deste estudo podemos concluir a viabilidade do uso do gás natural em motores diesel operando no modo dual com vantagens econômicas e ambientais.
This work was developed experimentally in order to examine the performance of emissions, power and consumption of the diesel engine, operating in "dual mode" with diesel and natural gas at a fixed rate of replacement of diesel by natural gas of approximately 85%. Mixtures from B20 to B80 were tested with intervals of 20%, plus the two limits, upper and lower (B5 and B100) of commercial diesel and biodiesel respectively, which were performed for each mixture condition with constant test speed of 1,800 RPM, electronically controlled, and electric powers at 40, 60, 80, 100, and 120 kW respectively. The entire system was monitored by temperature and pressure sensors and test data were acquired by means of a data system installed on a PC and stored in adequate media, for further processing and analysis in tables and graphs and comparison with B5 test, which is called standard diesel and confronted with other studies. At the end of this research we can perceive the viability of the use of natural gas in diesel engines in dual mode with a range of economic and environmental advantages.
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Leontopoulos, Chris. "Vibration analysis for the design on a turbo-generator based powertrain for hybrid vehicles." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.284809.
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Saccani, Michele. "Whole ship energy optimization: the case study of a chemical tanker." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/6324/.
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La presente dissertazione investiga la possibilità di ottimizzare l’uso di energia a bordo di una nave per trasporto di prodotti chimici e petrolchimici. Il software sviluppato per questo studio può essere adattato a qualsiasi tipo di nave. Tale foglio di calcolo fornisce la metodologia per stimare vantaggi e miglioramenti energetici, con accuratezza direttamente proporzionale ai dati disponibili sulla configurazione del sistema energetico e sui dispositivi installati a bordo. Lo studio si basa su differenti fasi che permettono la semplificazione del lavoro; nell’introduzione sono indicati i dati necessari per svolgere un’accurata analisi ed è presentata la metodologia adottata.
Inizialmente è fornita una spiegazione sul layout dell’impianto, sulle sue caratteristiche e sui principali dispositivi installati a bordo. Vengono dunque trattati separatamente i principali carichi, meccanico, elettrico e termico. In seguito si procede con una selezione delle principali fasi operative della nave: è seguito tale approccio in modo da comprendere meglio la ripartizione della richiesta di potenza a bordo della nave e il suo sfruttamento.
Successivamente è svolto un controllo sul dimensionamento del sistema elettrico: ciò aiuta a comprendere se la potenza stimata dai progettisti sia assimilabile a quella effettivamente richiesta sulla nave.
Si ottengono in seguito curve di carico meccanico, elettrico e termico in funzione del tempo per tutte le fasi operative considerate: tramite l’uso del software Visual Basic Application (VBA) vengono creati i profili di carico che possono essere gestiti nella successiva fase di ottimizzazione.
L’ottimizzazione rappresenta il cuore di questo studio; i profili di potenza ottenuti dalla precedente fase sono gestiti in modo da conseguire un sistema che sia in grado di fornire potenza alla nave nel miglior modo possibile da un punto di vista energetico. Il sistema energetico della nave è modellato e ottimizzato mantenendo lo status quo dei dispositivi di bordo, per i quali sono considerate le configurazioni di “Load following”, “two shifts” e “minimal”.
Una successiva investigazione riguarda l’installazione a bordo di un sistema di accumulo di energia termica, così da migliorare lo sfruttamento dell’energia disponibile.
Infine, nella conclusione, sono messi a confronto i reali consumi della nave con i risultati ottenuti con e senza l’introduzione del sistema di accumulo termico. Attraverso la configurazione “minimal” è possibile risparmiare circa l’1,49% dell’energia totale consumata durante un anno di attività; tale risparmio è completamente gratuito poiché può essere raggiunto seguendo alcune semplici regole nella gestione dell’energia a bordo. L’introduzione di un sistema di accumulo termico incrementa il risparmio totale fino al 4,67% con un serbatoio in grado di accumulare 110000 kWh di energia termica; tuttavia, in questo caso, è necessario sostenere il costo di installazione del serbatoio. Vengono quindi dibattuti aspetti economici e ambientali in modo da spiegare e rendere chiari i vantaggi che si possono ottenere con l’applicazione di questo studio, in termini di denaro e riduzione di emissioni in atmosfera.
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Mazálek, Tomáš. "Motokolo se spalovacím motorem a elektrickým přenosem výkonu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-318098.
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The objective of this semester thesis is design of the control algorithm, needed control and power circuits and PCB design for the unfinished bicycle concept with a combustion engine and electric power transmission. The control algorithm had to be designed to make efficient use of the combustion engine performance and to minimalize the fuel consumption and noise level of the device. All circuits are fully implemented by analog components for which were designed printed circuit boards using program Eagle and this boards were revived and debugged.
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Andreos, Ronaldo. "Estudo de viabilidade técnico-econômica de pequenas centrais de cogeração a gás natural no setor terciário do Estado de São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/86/86131/tde-30042013-154221/.
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Esta dissertação analisa a viabilidade técnico-econômica de pequenas centrais de cogeração a gás natural no setor terciário do estado de São Paulo, os estudos de cogeração foram baseados em casos reais de estabelecimentos comerciais dos principais segmentos do setor terciário com demanda elétrica e térmica compatível ao balanço energético para a configuração de cogeração. A análise dos resultados inclui o fator de utilização de energia (FUE), investimentos iniciais, economia operacional (fluxo de caixa), retorno dos investimentos (Payback), taxa interna de retorno (TIR) e valor presente líquido (VPL). As tecnologias empregadas nos estudos foram gerador do tipo Motor a Combustão Interna (MCI) e Microturbina (TG), resfriador de líquido por absorção (ABS) e resfriador de líquido elétrico convencional. Foi realizada análise do potencial de mercado para aplicação de cogeração através do mapeamento dos principais segmentos do setor terciário e realizado o levantamento do estado da arte. Foram estudadas as legislações brasileiras tanto no que se refere à cogeração qualificada como geração distribuída, realizado análise de emissões com destaque ao comparativo entre emissão de CO2 das centrais de cogeração e a emissão de CO2 das termelétricas a gás natural. Foi realizado estudo do cenário energético brasileiro do ponto de vista geração e distribuição de energia elétrica, cenário da oferta de gás natural no Brasil e a sua estrutura de distribuição no estado de São Paulo e, por fim, foram destacados os benefícios e barreiras da cogeração no Brasil. Os resultados alcançados apontam para um revés na viabilidade financeira da cogeração devido aos consecutivos aumentos no preço da tarifa de gás natural, apesar de bastante racional e com benefícios diretos ao meio ambiente e ao país, fazem-se necessários incentivos específicos relacionados à tarifa do gás natural para o crescimento da aplicação de cogeração no setor terciário do estado de São Paulo.This dissertation examines the technical and economic feasibility of small cogeneration plants powered by natural gas in the tertiary sector of the state of São Paulo. Cogeneration studies were based on real cases of commercial facilities of the main segments of the tertiary sector with electrical and thermal demands compatible for energy usage in cogeneration configuration. The analysis results include energy utilization factor (EUF), initial investments, operational savings (cash flow), return on investment (payback), internal rate of return (IRR) and net present value (NPV). The technologies investigated in the study were Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) and Microturbine (TG) generator, absorption chiller (ABS) and conventional electrical chiller. It was carried out an analysis of the potential market for application of cogeneration by mapping the main segments of the tertiary sector and conducted a survey of the state of the art. Brazilian laws were studied both with regard to qualified cogeneration and distributed generation, performed emissions analysis with emphasis on the comparative between CO2 emission from cogeneration plant and CO2 emission from power plants by natural gas. It was made a study of Brazilian energy scenario from the viewpoint of generating and distributing of electricity, scenario of supply of natural gas in Brazil and its distribution structure in the São Paulo state and, finally, it was appointed the benefits and barriers of cogeneration in Brazil. The results indicate a setback on the financial viability of cogeneration due to consecutive increases in the price of natural gas, although quite rational and with direct benefits to the environment and the country, it\'s necessary specific incentives related to the natural gas price for the growth of the application of cogeneration in the tertiary sector of the state of São Paulo.
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Mička, Dominik. "Jízdní kolo s elektrickým motorem a benzinovou elektrocentrálou." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-221179.
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A conceptual design and realization of a motor bike using combustion engine and electrical power transfer is the objective of this master´s thesis. Control strategy that allows combustion engine to reach maximal efficiency cooperating with wide range speed and torque operating area electromotor was created. All function blocks were realized. Also hardware of all needed parts was developed. The last part was a design and debugging of control software. Finally the functionality was documented by test drives and measurements.
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Katariya, Ashish Santosh. "Dynamic modeling and feedback control with mode-shifting of a two-mode electrically variable transmission." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/45825.
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This thesis develops dynamic models for the two-mode FWD EVT, develops a control system based on those models that is capable of meeting driver torque demands and performing synchronous mode shifts between different EVT modes while also accommodating preferred engine operating points. The two-input two-output transmission controller proposed herein incorporates motor-generator dynamics, is based on a general state-space integral control structure, and has feedback gains determined using linear quadratic regulator (LQR) optimization.
Dynamic modeling of the vehicle is categorized as dynamic modeling of the mechanical and electrical subsystems where the mechanical subsystem consists of the planetary gear sets, the transmission and the engine whereas the electrical subsystem consists of the motor-generator units and the battery pack. A discussion of load torque is also considered as part of the mechanical subsystem. With the help of these derived dynamic models, a distinction is made between dynamic output torque and steady-state output torque.
The overall control system consisting of multiple subsystems such as the human driver, power management unit (PMU), friction brakes, combustion engine, transmission control unit (TCU) and motor-generator units is designed. The logic for synchronous mode shifts between different EVT modes is also detailed as part of the control system design. Finally, the thesis presents results for responses in individual operating modes, EVT mode shifting and a full UDDS drive cycle simulation.
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Fletcher, Nathan James. "Design and Implementation of Periodic Unsteadiness Generator for Turbine Secondary Flow Studies." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1560810428267352.
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Jaeger, Kurt. "Digital multivariable controller for engine generator systems." 1998. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/41889614.html.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1998.Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 157-158).
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Li, Jin-An, and 李晉安. "Three-phase Vienna Rectifier Circuit for Disel Engine Generator." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/rn8754.
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碩士國立彰化師範大學
電機工程學系
106
Speed-variable diesel engine generator sets will change their speed depending on the s load to ensure that the generator maintains high-efficiency operation point. Therefore, the voltage and AC frequency of the output three-phase AC voltage of the variable speed diesel engine generator set change with the load. In order to convert the AC power output of the variable speed diesel engine generator set into a stable DC power supply with high power factor, this project proposes a three-phase high power factor converter. In the developed three-phase high power converter, the Vienna rectifier circuit architecture is used and the average current control strategy is adapted. This paper results prove that the Vienna rectifier circuit developed by this project can indeed be applied to variable speed diesel engine generator sets for maintaining high power factor. Keywords: Speed-variable diesel engine generator sets, three-phase high power factor converter, Vienna rectifier
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Putnam, Jerry A. "Rule-based control of an IC engine driven electric generator system." 1997. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/39099699.html.
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Bo-An, Sie, and 謝博安. "Development of a Portable Power Generator on Stiring-Like-Engine Structure." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/15672957013383066847.
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碩士聖約翰科技大學
自動化及機電整合研究所
102
A global crisis of energy problems is obvious recently, especially in the increasing price of fossil fuel. It also affects on all methods of power generation. There are various green energies that are developed by natural sources. However, one of them, a stirling-like-engine (SLE) structure is considered as functional driven through temperance difference. It is suitable to redesign as a portable power generator on a SLE structure for most developing areas or countries. Therefore, based on a stirling-like-engine structure, the extended mechanism for temperature differential driven were implemented in a possible heating source, for example, burnable materials or solar heating as a portable power generator widely using any kind of thermal resource. Through three common prototype: α, β, and γ types of stirling-like-engine structures as the reference in this study, the better designed one has been experimented for its operating performance and features. Also, the goal of its future application is suitable for under-developed zones with in-completed power networks and/or under an emergency case. People could apply the solar energy and accessible in case they involve some difficult situations.
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Chung, Hung-Pang, and 鍾宏邦. "A Study of Serious Accident on Crank Pin Damage for Marine Diesel Generator Engine." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/2ddkzc.
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碩士國立臺灣海洋大學
輪機工程學系
106
The ship generators provide the main source of electrical power for deriving not only main engine and auxiliary engine, such as pumps, motors, boilers, purifiers, steering gear system, but also communication, navigation and lights. For the case as the deterioration or breakdown of the generators, the main engine maybe stopped such that the incidents as collision, stranding, wreck and so on. Hence, the ability of marine engineers is to effectively identify the causes of failure. Moreover, the marine engineers should solve and improve reliability of equipment to avoid the potential hazards. Although many works on the unusual situations breakdown of crank pin in generators engine were proposed the abnormal vibration, the temperature and monitoring values are employed to be the indexes of analyzing reliability of equipment. However, the engineers are difficultly applied the works to manage the engines in real operation because the corresponding data are not enough to analyze and determine the faults. According to the above reason, the critical management becomes more and more important issue in marine engine. Therefore, this thesis is proposed to discuss the cases occurring in practical ships. Moreover, the corresponding information are corrected and analyzed via Fault Tree Analysis (FTA). Based on the FTA analysis, the crank pin of generator’s engine is set as top even to decrease the probability of faults. Based on the proposed analysis technology, the causes of the faults can be identified and determined by marine engineers. Furthermore, the marine engineers are to prevent and to discontinue the trend of the breakdown. Finally, this thesis aims to help marine engineers mend the reliability of the ship generators and reduce the damage of misuse in the future.
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Wang, Teng-Wei, and 王登緯. "Study of maintenance/replacement decision on public facilities - Diesel Generator Engine of Taipower as example." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/afqv4t.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
營建工程系
107
System reliability is one of the most important aspects in facility maintenance management. The maintenance costs would increase when the facilities are gradually getting old. Therefore, how to balance between both the reliability and the economy is an important issue for facility maintenance management. In this study, the diesel engine fuel unit of the generator is taken as an example to study the trade-off. The historical maintenance data of the two bottom components (injection pump and injection valve) are used and processed by Weber distribution and Kijima virtual age method to construct the incomplete maintenance model. Through iterative algorithm, we can generate both the reliability changes and component life spans for the incomplete maintenance. And then the concept of “failure rate interaction” was applied in this study. It’s reasonably assumed that there exists interaction between injection pump and injection valve in term of their failure. Therefore, the dual variables in DCC-GARCH model was used to determine the time point for the future maintenance intervention after analyzing the dual components under the influence of the failure rate interaction. During the lifespan of the component, the double-variable DCC-GARCH model is used to estimate the average value and standard deviation of future maintenances time points. Both optimism and pessimistic time of each maintenance ladder within equipment lifespan was determined by the mean with triple standard deviation. Furthermore, the principle of engineering economics was applied to construct the equal annuity analysis model (EUAC) in order to evaluate the economic replacement interval of component maintenance and upgrading costs. Finally, the economic replacement time points of upper fuel unit can be obtained and suggested, which was based on optimistic and pessimistic maintenance time.
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Maina, Aggrey Katiechi. "Waste heat recovery from exhaust gases of a Diesel engine generator and its effects on emissions." 2010. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1000748.
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M. Tech. Engineering Technology .Demonstrates through design and experiments the heat transfer effectiveness of energy recovery from waste gases by using a heat exchanger. To use the heat exchanger to intercept the waste gases before they leave the process, extract some of the heat in the gases and use the same for preheating/heating the process water. The experiment is also intended to demonstrate whether or not waste heat unit has an effect on the emissions released to the environment. Diesel engines have been widely used in heavy-duty vehicles for their better fuel efficiency and higher power output than gasoline engines. However, the emissions of gas (CO, HC and NOx) and particulate matter (PM) pollutants from the diesel engine receive much concern from the general public and environmental researchers because of the epidemiological and toxicological investigations suggesting a relationship between exhaust pollutants exposure and adverse health effects.
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Hsieh, You-Ru, and 謝侑儒. "Effect of ethanol–unleaded gasoline blends on Internal Combustion Engine Generator energy efficiency and exhaust emission." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/86a592.
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碩士國立臺北科技大學
環境工程與管理研究所
96
This study is focused on fuel energy efficiency and pollution analysis of different ratios of ethanol-gasoline blended fuels (E0, E3, E6, E9) under different loadinds. In this thesis, the measurement system consisted of a Internal Combustion engine generator, generator loading system, Electrical Low-Pressure Impactor (ELPI), BE-1000A gas analyzer and exhaust gas recirculation system. Different fuels, 95 unleaded gasoline and different ratios of ethanol-gasoline blended fuels (E0, E3, E6, E9) were used to study their effects on the exhaust gas emission and expressed with thermal efficiency of the Internal Combustion engine generator energy efficiency. The results suggested that particle number concentration increased as the loading of generator increased. However, it decreased as the ratio of ethanol-gasoline blended fuels increased. The result is the best which using E6 to reduce the CO emissions by 87.42% on high loading. The average of CO concentration reducing by using E3 is 42.47%, E6 is 85.59% and E9 is 82.92%.The result is the best which using E3 to reduce the HC emissions by 98.62% on low loading. The result is the best which using E3 and E9 to reduce the NOx emissions by 89.01% on no loading. The average of NOx concentration reducing by using E3 is 35.10%, E6 is 85.58% and E9 is 76.84%.To reducing exhaust gas,the result is the best by using E6. The thermal efficiency of Internal Combustion engine generator increased as the ratio of ethanol-gasoline blended fuels increased and decreased as the loading of generator increased.
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Lu, Yu-Jen, and 劉育任. "Using cooling system to promote the efficiency of applying thermoelectric generator on engine waste heat recovery." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/88059033070758997783.
Full textAbstract:
碩士南台科技大學
機械工程系
97
Regarding the energy released from an internal combustion engine, there is almost 40% heat energy discharging to the environment through the exhaust pipe, and another 30% is consumed by the cooling system. The dispersed heat is more than the practical work done by the engine. This research investigates how to use cooling devices when driving the vehicle to improve the efficiency of applying thermoelectric generator (TEG) to recycle energy from the dispersed heat of exhaust pipe and radiator. During the performance tests of the TEG, the heat sink compound reveals positive effect and increases 10% output power. The pin fin tests also show 44% efficiency increasing effect. The simulation of pin fin indicates the shape affects the cooling outcome. The square pin fin results more stable effect. From the simulation of using deflector shows that, the surface temperature of exhaust pipe will be reduced from 137 ℃ to 131 ℃ after installation, which presents the cooling speed increasing effect. The output power from the waste heat recovered by the thermoelectric generator module can be improved by several methods. Applying the heat sink compound on the TEG will get 17% increment. Using the square pin fin can make 57% gains, and the air deflector can reach 10% increment. The results of experiments and simulations all indicate that, the cooling system is imperative for thermoelectric generator and has been proved useful.
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Chen, Ching-Cheng, and 陳慶晟. "Characterization of inorganic salts andcarboxylic acids of particulate emitted from a diesel generator and a diesel engine." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/68881050179286236476.
Full textAbstract:
碩士嘉南藥理科技大學
環境工程與科學系暨研究所
98
Diesel engine emissions on human health and environmental impact has important implications, particularly in suspended particles of emissions. This study investigated the diesel engine generator using a different biodiesel formula for water-soluble ions characteristics of particulate emissions, in addition to using different oils or retrofitting of particulate traps on heavy-duty diesel engine discuss water-soluble ions composed of exhaust particles. Particles of diesel generators exhaust with soy biodiesel, hydrous ethanol(95%), butanol of different ratios added to commercial diesel, idle (0W) to adjust the formula by adding diesel biodiesel quality will help reduce particulate emissions intensity, However, 1600W and 3200W of high loading particulate emission factor is not clear reduction trend, the total emission coefficient of water-soluble ions in the same load, biodiesel compared with commercial diesel emission, idle reduction of 47.8 ~ 67.0% high loading reduction of 47.3 ~ 58.5%, Intermediate loading did not have a clear reduction trend. In the same formula fuel and load, the diesel generator exhaust particulate emission factor of water-soluble ions in the order of the total anions, total cations, total carboxylic acids, of which unit carboxylic acid－formic acid would decline with the proportion of commercial diesel fuel reduce, other species emission factor do not have this trend, in various oil formulations and load conditions, formic acid and acetic acid are relatively lower than commercial diesel, emission factors were reduction 19.3~85.1% and 0.2~74.0%. Sulfate and nitrate in the emission factors, the 0W and 3200W respectively, compared with commercial diesel fuel with a reduction of 9.0~92.2% and 23.5~71.5%. In addition, particulate emissions does not appear malonic acid, show diesel generators is not the main source of aerosol malonic acid but from atmospheric photochemical reactions. Diesel generator exhaust particulate oxalic/sulfate ratio, in the 0W and 1600W oil add biodiesel, the value of exhaust particles is between 0.07~0.17, higher than normal atmospheric aerosol of 0.045 and 0.05, in the acetic / formic ratio as formic acid emission factors of decline, the value also followed up, the ratio ranged between 8.7~57, much larger than the value of atmospheric aerosol. The heavy-duty diesel engine was operated with a number of control technologies, including diesel particulate filter (B1(S50)+DPF), diesel oxidation catalyst (B1(S50)+DOC), low sulfur (B1(S50)) and ultra-low sulfur diesel (B1(S10)), in which the baseline is B1(S50) with no after-treatment. The simulated driving conditions include US FTP trancient cycle, idle, and low-load stready-state cruise. Four test conditions, the total water-soluble ions’ emission factor of PM2.5 at the diesel engine exhaust, order of commercial super diesel B1(S50) is 6.68 mg/bhp-h, using the B1(S10) diesel is 6.67 mg/bhp-h, loaded set DOC of B1(S50) diesel is 6.40 mg/bhp-h, the installation of DPF of B1(S50) diesel is 2.32 mg/bhp-h. DOC installed on the engine exhaust PM2.5 ionic species in the overall reduction of 4.2%, DPF reduction of 65.2%, using the B1(S10) on the engine exhaust PM2.5 ionic species in the overall reduction of 0.2%, on the NO3- and SO42- emission reductions are useful, in particular SO42- reduction 34.7%, but B1(S50)+DOC due to catalytic converter, therefore, to facilitate exhaust particulate NO3- and SO42- generated rather than the B1(S50) is higher, while the minimum oxalic acid emission factor of exhaust emissions is B1(S50), a biodiesel, there is no reduction of other control technologies. All kinds of exhaust particulate control technology reducing the total water-soluble ions mainly from the reduction of cations. Total water-soluble ions of B1(S50)+DPF in PM2.5 as B1(S50)+DOC 36.3%, indicating that smoke effect DPF filter is better than the DOC. In addition, the discharge of particulate emission factor of the water-soluble ion species when B1(S50) diesel engine idle for the low load of 10.7~41.2 times, indicating that diesel engine to maintain idle, will produce high values of PM2.5 particles water-soluble ions Species emission factor.
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Hu, Ko-Yen, and 胡格嚴. "A Program Decompression Engine IP Generator Based on Partially Field-partitioned Compression Technique for the Embedded System." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/61693611602232671821.
Full textAbstract:
碩士崑山科技大學
數位生活科技研究所
98
In this thesis, we bring up the partial field partitioning compression and the decompression system, and get better results to deal with the jumping instruction. According to the ARM’s jumping instructions, they are divided into direct jumping instruction and indirect jumping instruction. We propose the problem of the compressed cost according the repeated times in code, and depend on compression cost and jumping instruction to distinguish from all program codes; divided into 32-bits compressed instruction, 32-bits uncompressed instruction and differed instruction, and gather statistics of all the different blocks of code to compress all the different blocks by using Huffman Coding to reach a better total cost (decompression cost + storing cost). However, in this thesis, we propose a method that for these instructions which occur rare times to do some instruction compression. These instructions which only occur rare times of instructions occupy the number of total program instructions above 1/2. If leave these instructions uncompressed, it is cheaper than the compressed ones. (Because doing compression needs decompressed hardware.) But if cutting these instructions into two 16-bits fields, then perform field partitioning compression and add decompressed circuit will still match economic efficiency. But if we fully perform field partitioning compression and decompress all program instructions, the economic efficiency will be worse than only using 32-bits to compress and decompress. So my thesis proposes partial field partitioning compression method. First, we do 32-bits full compression, differed instruction compression, then, according to the uncompressed 32-bits, we do compression on front 16-bits and rear 16-bits; after that we compress and decompress them, it will contribute to reduce the cost.
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Syu, Jin-Yuan, and 許晉源. "Effects of Emulsion Fuels on the Characterization of Energy Efficiency and Exhaust from a Diesel Engine Generator." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/22cz2b.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北科技大學
環境工程與管理研究所
98
Emulsion fuel is a possible alternative fuel for reduction of diesel engine emissions. Using water/diesel emulsion fuel as a fuel can reduce the emissions of nitric oxide and particulate matters of the exhaust. However, few researches have been carried out on the particle number concentration and energy efficiency from high speed light-duty diesel engine generator fueled with water/diesel emulsion fuel. In this study, an ultrasonic vibrator that provides ultrasonic waves of a 40-kHz frequency was employed to prepare different water/diesel emulsion fuels (W5S5; W5S10; W10S5; W10S10; W10S15; W15S5; W15S10). In this thesis, the measurement system consisted of a high speed light-duty diesel engine generator, Electrical Low-Pressure Impactor (ELPI), Vehicle Emission Gas Analyzer (BE-1000), Loading, and Fuel Consumption Measuring Device. Super diesel and different W/O emulsion diesel fuels were used to study the effects of different loadings on the characterization of exhaust from a diesel engine generator. The results showed that the exhaust gas temperature was increased as generator loading was increased. However, it was decreased as the water content of emulsion diesel fuel was increased. When the loading was less than 2700 watts, the number concentration might increase and the count mean diameter was decreased as loading was increased. However, as loading was above 3600 watts, the number concentration was decreased and the count mean diameter was increased. The total number concentration was 1.42×108#/cm3 and count mean diameter was 70 nm by using super diesel. However, the total number concentration was decreased to 1.62×107#/cm3 and the count mean diameter was increased to 85 nm by using W15S5 emulsion fuel. Besides, the NO emission was decreased from 1530 ppm (Super diesel) to 870 ppm (W15S10 emulsion fuel). Furthermore, the particle count mean diameter was increased as water content was increased as loading was above 3600 watts. Flame temperature was reduced as increasing water content of W/O emulsion fuel. It could reduce NO emissions about 15 to 40 % when the loading was 3600 watts. Nevertheless, as the percentage of water in the emulsion was increased the amount of emitted CO and HC was increased. Furthermore, mixing-fuel consumption was increased. However, the net diesel fuel consumption was decreased. As a result, using W/O emulsion fuel can increase the engine thermal efficiency by 12 to 34 %.
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Wu, Chia-Chin, and 吳佳瑾. "Characteristics of PM2.5-bound carbons emitted from a diesel engine generator fueled with waste cooking oil-based biodiesel blends." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/y3cxm8.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立屏東科技大學
環境工程與科學系所
106
This study investigates the emission characteristics of PM2.5 and three kinds of PM2.5-bound carbonaceous contents (entire (E-), acid-rain (A-), and water-soluble (W-) fractions) by utilizing several diesel and waste cooling oil-based biodiesel (WCO-Biodiesel) blends as the fuels of a diesel engine generator. The diesel-WCO-Biodiesel blends were prepared by adding 20% and 40% of waste cooking oil-based biodiesel into to fossil diesel to form W20 and W40, respectively, and they were used as fuels in a diesel fuel engine generator operated at 1.5 and 3.0 kW loads. The results show that the concentrations of carbonaceous contents in the engine emission PM2.5 were in the order E-TC (15.3 mg/Nm3 in average) > A-TC (7.14 mg/Nm3 in average) > W-TC (5.92 mg/Nm3) when using D100, W20, and W40. The E-TC accounted for 88.2% of PM2.5 mass emission, while the E-EC content was 2.97 time that of E-OC. In comparison with using D100, the mass concentrations of PM2.5 and PM2.5-bound E-TC、E-OC, and E-EC could be reduced when using W20 and W40. The highest reduction of PM2.5 (23.5%) was achieved by using W20, while a more reduction ratio was found for E-OC (31.2% in average) than for E-EC (12.8% in average). This study shows that using W20 and W40 could reduce the emissions of PM2.5-bound E-TC, A-TC, and W-TC from the generator. The entire fraction (E) was the highest among the three carbonaceous contents (E-, A-, and W-) for all the TC, EC, and OC measurements.
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鍾協智. "Design and Performance Tests of the Thermoelectric Generator System for the Waste Heat Recovery of Engine Water Cooling System." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/30513664516487245133.
Full textAbstract:
碩士建國科技大學
機械工程系暨製造科技研究所
101
Based on the development of the thermoelectric technology, the applications and studies of the thermoelectric chip are more and more important. The heating and cooling sources in the engine of vehicle can be used to build the temperature gradient between the two side surfaces of the thermoelectric chip, and then the thermoelectric chip can generate the electric power. This studies proposed the high-performance heat absorber to be used in the thermoelectric conversion in the vehicle engine.; it would greatly increase the related performance. Several different configurations of heat absorbers have been designed. The objective of this work is to find the effect of the heat accumulation on the rapid absorption of the waste heat, and then combine the thermoelectric conversion technology to generate electricity. Finally, the critical technology of waste heat recovery can be obtained to serve as an important reference for designers and developers in the related vehicle and energy industries. Finally, The present work can be divided into three parts: (1) the parametric study of heat-transfer design for the thermoelectric generator system, (2) the fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics of pin-fin heat absorbers for thermoelectric conversion system, (3) the experimental study of thermoelectric generator system for waste heat recycling in cooling water of engine. The results indicate that the heat absorber of excellent heat transfer is not necessary in the design of the thermoelectric generator system. The heat absorber with the medium heat-transfer performance is good enough and economical.
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Jheng, Bo-Cheng, and 鄭博丞. "Persistent organic pollutants from a diesel engine generator fueled by waste cooking oil-based biodiesel blended with butanol and acetone." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/6w442y.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立屏東科技大學
環境工程與科學系所
105
This study focuses on the effects on the emissions of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), including polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PBDD/Fs), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) by using multi-components waste cooking oil-based biodiesel blends. The base fuel was traditional diesel (abbreviated as D), while the additives included various fractions of butanol (B), 5% water-containing butanol (B’), acetone (A), 5% water-containing butanol (A’), isopropyl alcohol (I), and waste cooking oil-based biodiesel (W). The fuel blends, B30, B'30, A3, A'3, B30A3, and B'30A'3, were tested at 1.5 and 3.0 kW engine output power to analyze all the aforementioned POPs collected in the engine exhaust. The emission concentrations of four POPs were in the order PBDEs ≫ PBDD/Fs > PCBs > PCDD/Fs, despite using different blending fuels at both engine loads. PBDE had the highest level among the POPs, being equal to 2–3 times to the others. On the other hand, the order of emitted toxicity followed PCDD/Fs > PCBs ≈ PBDD/Fs, while the toxicity of PCDD/F emissions were about 10 times higher than those of PCBs and PBDD/Fs. Among the dioxin compounds, the emissions of PCDDs represented 46–73% (57% in average) and 50–72% (59% in average) of total PCDD/F mass and toxicity concentrations, respectively, and were significantly higher than those of PCDFs. Specifically, the highly chlorinated PCDD/Fs (OCDD, OCDF, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD, and 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF) contributed 83% of total PCDD/Fs mass concentration. However, the low-chlorinated PCDD/F congeners played important roles in the toxicity emissions; 2,3,7,8-TeCDD and 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD dominated the B30A3 and B'30A'3 emissions and 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD and 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF were dominant by using the other fuels. The Non-o-PCB contributed almost all toxicity (~100%) of 14 dioxin-like-PCBs, even though its contribution in mass was only 9–32% (16% in average) among the congeners. Specifically, PCB-118, -105 and -77 had the three higher mass contents among the PCB congeners, while PCB-126 dominated 90% of PCB toxicity emissions. A similar case was found in PBDFs, which exhibited ~100% toxicity of PBDD/Fs. Additionally, the mass emissions of PBDEs were mostly provided by deca-BDEs (47.0–90.5%, 82.4% in average), while nona-BDEs and tri- to octa-BDEs were only contributed 10% and 8%, respectively. The reductions of POPs were observed by using various diesel blends in comparison to using W20. The mass reduction amounts (%) of four POPs were in the order PCDD/Fs > PCBs ≈ PBDD/Fs > PBDEs, and the order of toxicity reductions was PCDD/Fs > PCBs > PBDD/Fs. For PCDD/Fs, the mass and toxicity levels of 17 congeners were reduced by using various additives, when the OCDD and OCDF mass emissions showed the most significant improvement. The highest reduction in toxicity was found for 2,3,7,8-TeCDD at 1.5 kW and for 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD at 3.0 kW. For dioxin-like PCBs, the greatest decreases of mass and toxicities were both observed from PCB-126 (82.1% in mass and 80.0% in toxicity). Consequently, the additive of butanol and acetone, including pure and hydrous mixtures, could further effectively reduce the POP emissions from W20.