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1
Xie, Xing-Chen, Ke-Jing Huang, and Xu Wu. "Metal–organic framework derived hollow materials for electrochemical energy storage." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 6, no. 16 (2018): 6754–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ta00612a.
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The recent progress and major challenges/opportunities of MOF-derived hollow materials for energy storage are summarized in this review, particularly for lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, lithium–Se batteries, lithium–sulfur batteries and supercapacitor applications.
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Chen, Liping, Xifei Li, and Yunhua Xu. "Recent advances of polar transition-metal sulfides host materials for advanced lithium–sulfur batteries." Functional Materials Letters 11, no. 06 (December 2018): 1840010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793604718400106.
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Lithium sulfur batteries (LSBs) have been one of the most promising second batteries for energy storage. However, the commercialization of LSBs is still hindered by low sulfur utilization and poor cycling stability, resulting from shuttle effect and low redox kinetics of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs). Significant progress has been made over the years in enhancing the batteries performances and tap density with the transition-metal sulfides as sulfur host or additive in LSBs. In this review, we present the recent advances in the use of various nanostructured transition-metal sulfides applied in LSBs, and also focus on the interaction mechanisms of polar transition-metal sulfides with LiPSs and its catalysis for the redox of LiPSs. It may provide avenues for the application of transition-metal sulfides in LSBs. The challenges and perspectives of transition-metal sulfides are also addressed.
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Zhu, Mengqi, Songmei Li, Bin Li, and Shubin Yang. "A liquid metal-based self-adaptive sulfur–gallium composite for long-cycling lithium–sulfur batteries." Nanoscale 11, no. 2 (2019): 412–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8nr08625g.
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Wang, Jie, Ping Nie, Bing Ding, Shengyang Dong, Xiaodong Hao, Hui Dou, and Xiaogang Zhang. "Biomass derived carbon for energy storage devices." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 5, no. 6 (2017): 2411–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ta08742f.
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Biomass-derived carbon materials have received extensive attention as electrode materials for energy storage devices, including electrochemical capacitors, lithium–sulfur batteries, lithium-ion batteries, and sodium-ion batteries.
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Huang, Zongle, Wenting Sun, Zhipeng Sun, Run Ding, and Xuebin Wang. "Graphene-Based Materials for the Separator Functionalization of Lithium-Ion/Metal/Sulfur Batteries." Materials 16, no. 12 (June 18, 2023): 4449. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16124449.
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With the escalating demand for electrochemical energy storage, commercial lithium-ion and metal battery systems have been increasingly developed. As an indispensable component of batteries, the separator plays a crucial role in determining their electrochemical performance. Conventional polymer separators have been extensively investigated over the past few decades. Nevertheless, their inadequate mechanical strength, deficient thermal stability, and constrained porosity constitute serious impediments to the development of electric vehicle power batteries and the progress of energy storage devices. Advanced graphene-based materials have emerged as an adaptable solution to these challenges, owing to their exceptional electrical conductivity, large specific surface area, and outstanding mechanical properties. Incorporating advanced graphene-based materials into the separator of lithium-ion and metal batteries has been identified as an effective strategy to overcome the aforementioned issues and enhance the specific capacity, cycle stability, and safety of batteries. This review paper provides an overview of the preparation of advanced graphene-based materials and their applications in lithium-ion, lithium-metal, and lithium-sulfur batteries. It systematically elaborates on the advantages of advanced graphene-based materials as novel separator materials and outlines future research directions in this field.
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Wang, Yanjie, Yingjie Zhang, Hongyu Cheng, Zhicong Ni, Ying Wang, Guanghui Xia, Xue Li, and Xiaoyuan Zeng. "Research Progress toward Room Temperature Sodium Sulfur Batteries: A Review." Molecules 26, no. 6 (March 11, 2021): 1535. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26061535.
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Lithium metal batteries have achieved large-scale application, but still have limitations such as poor safety performance and high cost, and limited lithium resources limit the production of lithium batteries. The construction of these devices is also hampered by limited lithium supplies. Therefore, it is particularly important to find alternative metals for lithium replacement. Sodium has the properties of rich in content, low cost and ability to provide high voltage, which makes it an ideal substitute for lithium. Sulfur-based materials have attributes of high energy density, high theoretical specific capacity and are easily oxidized. They may be used as cathodes matched with sodium anodes to form a sodium-sulfur battery. Traditional sodium-sulfur batteries are used at a temperature of about 300 °C. In order to solve problems associated with flammability, explosiveness and energy loss caused by high-temperature use conditions, most research is now focused on the development of room temperature sodium-sulfur batteries. Regardless of safety performance or energy storage performance, room temperature sodium-sulfur batteries have great potential as next-generation secondary batteries. This article summarizes the working principle and existing problems for room temperature sodium-sulfur battery, and summarizes the methods necessary to solve key scientific problems to improve the comprehensive energy storage performance of sodium-sulfur battery from four aspects: cathode, anode, electrolyte and separator.
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Ikram, Rabia, Badrul Mohamed Jan, Syed Atif Pervez, Vassilis M. Papadakis, Waqas Ahmad, Rani Bushra, George Kenanakis, and Masud Rana. "Recent Advancements of N-Doped Graphene for Rechargeable Batteries: A Review." Crystals 10, no. 12 (November 26, 2020): 1080. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst10121080.
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Graphene, a 2D carbon structure, due to its unique materials characteristics for energy storage applications has grasped the considerable attention of scientists. The highlighted properties of this material with a mechanically robust and highly conductive nature have opened new opportunities for different energy storage systems such as Li-S (lithium-sulfur), Li-ion batteries, and metal-air batteries. It is necessary to understand the intrinsic properties of graphene materials to widen its large-scale applications in energy storage systems. In this review, different routes of graphene synthesis were investigated using chemical, thermal, plasma, and other methods along with their advantages and disadvantages. Apart from this, the applications of N-doped graphene in energy storage devices were discussed.
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Song, Zihui, Wanyuan Jiang, Xigao Jian, and Fangyuan Hu. "Advanced Nanostructured Materials for Electrocatalysis in Lithium–Sulfur Batteries." Nanomaterials 12, no. 23 (December 6, 2022): 4341. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12234341.
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Lithium–sulfur (Li-S) batteries are considered as among the most promising electrochemical energy storage devices due to their high theoretical energy density and low cost. However, the inherently complex electrochemical mechanism in Li-S batteries leads to problems such as slow internal reaction kinetics and a severe shuttle effect, which seriously affect the practical application of batteries. Therefore, accelerating the internal electrochemical reactions of Li-S batteries is the key to realize their large-scale applications. This article reviews significant efforts to address the above problems, mainly the catalysis of electrochemical reactions by specific nanostructured materials. Through the rational design of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts (including but not limited to strategies such as single atoms, heterostructures, metal compounds, and small-molecule solvents), the chemical reactivity of Li-S batteries has been effectively improved. Here, the application of nanomaterials in the field of electrocatalysis for Li-S batteries is introduced in detail, and the advancement of nanostructures in Li-S batteries is emphasized.
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Wang, Ying, Rui Ai, Fei Wang, Xiuqiong Hu, Yuejing Zeng, Jiyue Hou, Jinbao Zhao, Yingjie Zhang, Yiyong Zhang, and Xue Li. "Research Progress on Multifunctional Modified Separator for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries." Polymers 15, no. 4 (February 16, 2023): 993. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15040993.
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Lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs) are recognized as one of the second-generation electrochemical energy storage systems with the most potential due to their high theoretical specific capacity of the sulfur cathode (1675 mAhg−1), abundant elemental sulfur energy storage, low price, and green friendliness. However, the shuttle effect of polysulfides results in the passivation of the lithium metal anode, resulting in a decrease in battery capacity, Coulombic efficiency, and cycle stability, which seriously restricts the commercialization of LSBs. Starting from the separator layer before the positive sulfur cathode and lithium metal anode, introducing a barrier layer for the shuttle of polysulfides is considered an extremely effective research strategy. These research strategies are effective in alleviating the shuttle of polysulfide ions, improving the utilization of active materials, enhancing the battery cycle stability, and prolonging the cycle life. This paper reviews the research progress of the separator functionalization in LSBs in recent years and the research trend of separator functionalization in the future is predicted.
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Chung, Sheng-Heng, and Cun-Sheng Cheng. "(Digital Presentation) A Design of Nickel/Sulfur Energy-Storage Materials for Electrochemical Lithium-Sulfur Cells." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 4 (October 9, 2022): 542. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-024542mtgabs.
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Introduction As one of the next-generation rechargeable battery technologies beyond the lithium-ion chemistry, the lithium-sulfur chemistry enables the low-cost sulfur cathode to generate a high theoretical capacity of 1,675 mAh g-1 (10 times higher capacity than those of lithium-ion battery cathode). It further exhibits a high theoretical energy density of 2,600 Wh kg-1 in lithium-sulfur batteries (2–3 times higher energy density than lithium-ion batteries). However, as reported in recent publications, the development is far from adequate with respect to the high-loading sulfur cathode with high active-material content in building advanced lithium-sulfur batteries with a high energy density. The material challenges result from the use of an insulating sulfur as the active material, which would generate lithium polysulfides that can easily diffuse out from the cathode. The high cathode resistance and fast loss of the active material lead to the poor electrochemical utilization and efficiency of lithium-sulfur battery cathodes. These negative impacts subsequent derive the additional electrochemical challenges. A high amount of conductive and porous substrates is added in the cathode to replace the active material, which results in the limited amount of sulfur in the cathode and further blocks the improvement of designing high-energy-density sulfur cathodes. To address the above-mentioned issues, the research progresses of high-performance sulfur cathodes aim to design functional host for sulfur cathodes with the use of carbon for high conductivity, polymers for high ionic transfer, porous materials for physical polysulfide retention, polar materials for chemical polysulfide adsorption, catalysts for high reaction kinetics, etc. However, metallic materials that naturally have high conductivity, strong polysulfide adsorption capability, and catalytic conversion ability, are rarely reported. This is because metals have the highest density as compared to the aforementioned host materials, which commonly causes an insufficient amount of active material in the cathode and therefore inhibits the design of metal-sulfur nanocomposite in sulfur cathodes. To explore the metal/sulfur nanocomposite as a new research trend in sulfur cathodes, we propose a design for a nickel/sulfur nanocomposite as a novel energy-storage material by the electroless nickel plating method, and discuss its applications in lithium–sulfur battery cathodes. The nickel/sulfur energy-storage material possesses metallic nickel on the surface of the insulating sulfur particles as a result of the reduction of nickel ions during autocatalytic plating. By controlling the synthesis and fabrications conditions, the nickel/sulfur energy-storage material attains adjustable high sulfur contents of 60–95 wt% and adjustable high sulfur loadings of 2–10 mg cm−2 in the resulting cathode. The high-loading cathode with the nickel/sulfur energy-storage material demonstrates high electrochemical utilization and stability, which attains a high areal capacity of 8.2 mA∙h cm−2, an energy density of 17.3 mW∙h cm−2, and a stable cyclability for 100 cycles. Results and Discussion Here, in our presentation, we discuss our novel method for the fabrication of nickel/sulfur energy-storage material as an advanced composite cathode material for exploring battery electrochemistry and battery engineering. We adopt a modified electroless-plating method to synthesize nickel/sulfur energy-storage materials characterized by adjustable high sulfur contents and promising cathode performance. The plated nickel coating provides the nickel/sulfur energy-storage materials with metallic conductivity and polysulfide adsorption ability, which addresses the two major issues of sulfur cathodes.[1,2] Therefore, the nickel/sulfur energy-storage material attains high sulfur contents in the cathode and exhibits a high charge-storage capacity of 1,362 mA∙h g−1 and an excellent cyclability for 100 cycles. Moreover, the nickel/sulfur energy-storage material enables high-loading sulfur cathodes with a sulfur loading of 10 mg cm−2, a high areal capacity of 8.2 mA∙h cm−2, and an energy density of 17.3 mW∙h cm−2. Conclusion In summary, the summary of our nickel/sulfur energy-storage materials presented in this presentation would demonstrate a light-weight metallic nickel coating technique for fast charge transfer and strong polysulfide retention in the sulfur nanocomposites composite sulfur cathode. Moreover, our systematic analysis of the nickel/sulfur energy-storage materials exhibits their achievements in attaining both high electrochemical designs of high sulfur content and loading as well as possessing high energy density and electrochemical stability. References C.-S. Cheng, S.-H. Chung, Chem. Eng. J. 2022, 429, 132257. C.-S. Cheng, S.-H. Chung, Batter. Supercaps 2022, 5, e202100323.
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Chen, Wenshuai, Haipeng Yu, Sang-Young Lee, Tong Wei, Jian Li, and Zhuangjun Fan. "Nanocellulose: a promising nanomaterial for advanced electrochemical energy storage." Chemical Society Reviews 47, no. 8 (2018): 2837–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cs00790f.
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Nanocellulose from various kinds of sources and nanocellulose-derived materials have been developed for electrochemical energy storage, including supercapacitors, lithium-ion batteries, lithium–sulfur batteries, and sodium-ion batteries.
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Shi, Wenhui, Xilian Xu, Lin Zhang, Wenxian Liu, and Xiehong Cao. "Metal-organic framework-derived structures for next-generation rechargeable batteries." Functional Materials Letters 11, no. 06 (December 2018): 1830006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793604718300062.
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Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted great attention as versatile precursors or sacrificial templates for the preparation of novel porous structures. Due to their tunable compositions, structures and porosities as well as high surface area, MOF-derived materials have revealed promising performance for energy storage devices. In this mini review, the recent progress of MOF-derived materials as electrodes of next-generation rechargeable batteries was summarized. We briefly introduce the preparation methods, various design strategies and the structure-dependent performance of recently reported MOF-derived materials as electrodes of post-lithium-ion batteries, focusing on lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries, sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) and metal–air batteries. Finally, we give the conclusion with some insights into future development of MOF-derived materials for next-generation rechargeable batteries.
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Dutt, Sunil, Ashwani Kumar, and Shivendra Singh. "Synthesis of Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs) and Their Derived Materials for Energy Storage Applications." Clean Technologies 5, no. 1 (January 20, 2023): 140–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cleantechnol5010009.
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The linkage between metal nodes and organic linkers has led to the development of new porous crystalline materials called metal–organic frameworks (MOFs). These have found significant potential applications in different areas such as gas storage and separation, chemical sensing, heterogeneous catalysis, biomedicine, proton conductivity, and others. Overall, MOFs are outstanding candidates for next-generation energy storage devices, and they have recently attracted the greater devotion of the scientific community worldwide. MOFs can be used to enhance the ability of a device to store energy due to their unique morphology, controllable structures, high surface area, and permanent porosity. MOFs are widely used in super capacitors (SCs), metal (Li, Na, and K) ion batteries, and lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs) and act as a promising candidate to store energy in an environmentally friendly way. MOFs are also used as efficient materials with better recyclability, efficiency, and capacity retention. In this review, first we summarize the material design, chemical compositions, and physical structure of MOFs and afterward, we highlight the most recent development and understanding in this area, mainly focusing on various practical applications of MOFs in energy storage devices.
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Chiu, Li-Ling, and Sheng-Heng Chung. "Electrochemically Stable Rechargeable Lithium–Sulfur Batteries Equipped with an Electrospun Polyacrylonitrile Nanofiber Film." Polymers 15, no. 6 (March 15, 2023): 1460. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15061460.
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The high theoretical charge-storage capacity and energy density of lithium–sulfur batteries make them a promising next-generation energy-storage system. However, liquid polysulfides are highly soluble in the electrolytes used in lithium–sulfur batteries, which results in irreversible loss of their active materials and rapid capacity degradation. In this study, we adopt the widely applied electrospinning method to fabricate an electrospun polyacrylonitrile film containing non-nanoporous fibers bearing continuous electrolyte tunnels and demonstrate that this serves as an effective separator in lithium–sulfur batteries. This polyacrylonitrile film exhibits high mechanical strength and supports a stable lithium stripping and plating reaction that persists for 1000 h, thereby protecting a lithium-metal electrode. The polyacrylonitrile film also enables a polysulfide cathode to attain high sulfur loadings (4–16 mg cm−2) and superior performance from C/20 to 1C with a long cycle life (200 cycles). The high reaction capability and stability of the polysulfide cathode result from the high polysulfide retention and smooth lithium-ion diffusion of the polyacrylonitrile film, which endows the lithium–sulfur cells with high areal capacities (7.0–8.6 mA·h cm−2) and energy densities (14.7–18.1 mW·h cm−2).
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Kurmanbayeva, I., A. Mentbayeva, A. Nurpeissova, and Z. Bakenov. "Advanced Battery Materials Research at Nazarbayev University: Review." Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal 23, no. 3 (November 10, 2021): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.18321/ectj1103.
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With the rapid development of new and advanced technologies, the request for energy storage device with better electrochemical characteristics is increasing as well. Therefore, the search and development for more novel and efficient energy storage components are imperative. In Kazakhstan there are several groups that were established to conduct research in the field of energy storage devices. One of them is professor Mansurov’s research group with we have a long time fruitful collaboration. Group at Nazarbayev University do research in design and investigation of advanced energy storage materials for high performance energy storage devices, including lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, and aqueous rechargeable batteries, employing strategies as nanostructuring, nano/micro combination, hybridization, pore-structure control, configuration design, 3D printing, surface modification, and composition optimization. This manuscript reviews research on advanced battery materials, provided by Nazarbayev University scientists since the last 10 years.
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Jin, Qianwen, Yajing Yan, Chenchen Hu, Yongguang Zhang, Xi Wang, and Chunyong Liang. "Carbon Nanotube-Modified Nickel Hydroxide as Cathode Materials for High-Performance Li-S Batteries." Nanomaterials 12, no. 5 (March 7, 2022): 886. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12050886.
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The advantages of high energy density and low cost make lithium–sulfur batteries one of the most promising candidates for next-generation energy storage systems. However, the electrical insulativity of sulfur and the serious shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) still impedes its further development. In this regard, a uniform hollow mesoporous Ni(OH)2@CNT microsphere was developed to address these issues. The SEM images show the Ni(OH)2 delivers an average size of about 5 μm, which is composed of nanosheets. The designed Ni(OH)2@CNT contains transition metal cations and interlayer anions, featuring the unique 3D spheroidal flower structure, decent porosity, and large surface area, which is highly conducive to conversion systems and electrochemical energy storage. As a result, the as-fabricated Li-S battery delivers the reversible capacity of 652 mAh g−1 after 400 cycles, demonstrating excellent capacity retention with a low average capacity loss of only 0.081% per cycle at 1 C. This work has shown that the Ni(OH)2@CNT sulfur host prepared by hydrothermal embraces delivers strong physical absorption as well as chemical affinity.
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Bhargav, Amruth, and Arumugam Manthiram. "Using Organosulfur Materials to Solve Critical Challenges Facing Lithium-Sulfur Batteries." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 7 (October 9, 2022): 2577. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-0272577mtgabs.
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The high abundance and environmental benignity of sulfur coupled with its high energy density of nearly 2,500 Wh kg-1 render the lithium-sulfur (Li-S) battery technology a sustainable energy storage solution for the future. Unfortunately, in Li-S batteries, the sulfur cathode suffers from poor electronic and ionic conductivity and the notorious polysulfide shuttle effect. Meanwhile, the anode suffers from continuous degradation owing to the high reactivity of Li metal. Organosulfur materials may present a way to overcome these limitations. Organic functional groups bound to sulfur could enhance electronic and ionic conductivity. Limiting the polysulfide order in an organosulfur material can minimize the shuttle effect. Furthermore, organic groups could stabilize the electrolyte-anode interface. Two studies on using organosulfur materials to overcome the challenges of Li-S will be presented. The first study shows a method to rationally design organosulfide polymers that can provide inherent Li-ion conductivity. The enhancement in ionic conductivity results in an improvement in performance under high-rate and high-loading conditions. The application of such materials in flexible Li-S batteries will be showcased. In the second study, a mechanistic understanding of how organosulfide-rich interphase at the Li-metal anode improves the stripping/plating efficiency will be elucidated. By understanding the effect of different functional groups on the efficiency of the anode, a set of design rules for developing organosulfide molecules that generate a stable interface will be proposed.
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Lionetto, Francesca, Sonia Bagheri, and Claudio Mele. "Sustainable Materials from Fish Industry Waste for Electrochemical Energy Systems." Energies 14, no. 23 (November 26, 2021): 7928. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14237928.
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Fish industry waste is attracting growing interest for the production of environmentally friendly materials for several different applications, due to the potential for reduced environmental impact and increased socioeconomic benefits. Recently, the application of fish industry waste for the synthesis of value-added materials and energy storage systems represents a feasible route to strengthen the overall sustainability of energy storage product lines. This review focused on an in-depth outlook on the advances in fish byproduct-derived materials for energy storage devices, including lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), sodium-ion (NIBs) batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs), supercapacitors and protein batteries. For each of these, the latest applications were presented together with approaches to improve the electrochemical performance of the obtained materials. By analyzing the recent literature on this topic, this review aimed to contribute to further advances in the sustainability of energy storage devices.
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Chen, Qiang. "Investigation of High-Performance Electrode Materials: Processing and Storage Mechanism." Materials 15, no. 24 (December 16, 2022): 8987. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15248987.
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The scope of the Special Issue entitled “Investigation of High-Performance Electrode Materials: Processing and Storage Mechanism” includes the research on electrodes of high-performance electrochemical energy storage and conversion devices (metal ion batteries, non-metallic ion batteries, metal–air batteries, supercapacitors, photocatalysis, electrocatalysis, etc [...]
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Aruchamy, Kanakaraj, Subramaniyan Ramasundaram, Sivasubramani Divya, Murugesan Chandran, Kyusik Yun, and Tae Hwan Oh. "Gel Polymer Electrolytes: Advancing Solid-State Batteries for High-Performance Applications." Gels 9, no. 7 (July 21, 2023): 585. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels9070585.
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Gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) hold tremendous potential for advancing high-energy-density and safe rechargeable solid-state batteries, making them a transformative technology for advancing electric vehicles. GPEs offer high ionic conductivity and mechanical stability, enabling their use in quasi-solid-state batteries that combine solid-state interfaces with liquid-like behavior. Various GPEs based on different materials, including flame-retardant GPEs, dendrite-free polymer gel electrolytes, hybrid solid-state batteries, and 3D printable GPEs, have been developed. Significant efforts have also been directed toward improving the interface between GPEs and electrodes. The integration of gel-based electrolytes into solid-state electrochemical devices has the potential to revolutionize energy storage solutions by offering improved efficiency and reliability. These advancements find applications across diverse industries, particularly in electric vehicles and renewable energy. This review comprehensively discusses the potential of GPEs as solid-state electrolytes for diverse battery systems, such as lithium-ion batteries (LiBs), lithium metal batteries (LMBs), lithium–oxygen batteries, lithium–sulfur batteries, zinc-based batteries, sodium–ion batteries, and dual-ion batteries. This review highlights the materials being explored for GPE development, including polymers, inorganic compounds, and ionic liquids. Furthermore, it underscores the transformative impact of GPEs on solid-state batteries and their role in enhancing the performance and safety of energy storage devices.
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Zhan, Xiaowen, Minyuan M. Li, J. Mark Weller, Vincent L. Sprenkle, and Guosheng Li. "Recent Progress in Cathode Materials for Sodium-Metal Halide Batteries." Materials 14, no. 12 (June 12, 2021): 3260. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14123260.
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Transitioning from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources is a critical goal to address greenhouse gas emissions and climate change. Major improvements have made wind and solar power increasingly cost-competitive with fossil fuels. However, the inherent intermittency of renewable power sources motivates pairing these resources with energy storage. Electrochemical energy storage in batteries is widely used in many fields and increasingly for grid-level storage, but current battery technologies still fall short of performance, safety, and cost. This review focuses on sodium metal halide (Na-MH) batteries, such as the well-known Na-NiCl2 battery, as a promising solution to safe and economical grid-level energy storage. Important features of conventional Na-MH batteries are discussed, and recent literature on the development of intermediate-temperature, low-cost cathodes for Na-MH batteries is highlighted. By employing lower cost metal halides (e.g., FeCl2, and ZnCl2, etc.) in the cathode and operating at lower temperatures (e.g., 190 °C vs. 280 °C), new Na-MH batteries have the potential to offer comparable performance at much lower overall costs, providing an exciting alternative technology to enable widespread adoption of renewables-plus-storage for the grid.
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He, Xiang Ming, Wei Hua Pu, Jian Jun Li, Chang Yin Jiang, Chun Rong Wan, and Shi Chao Zhang. "Nano Sulfur Composite for Li/S Polymer Secondary Batteries." Key Engineering Materials 336-338 (April 2007): 541–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.336-338.541.
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The Li/S polymer secondary batteries presents higher capacity, lower materials cost and much better performance in higher operation temperature. A nano-scale sulfur polymer composite cathode material has been developed for these batteries, and its cycle capacity is over 700mAh/g when the lithium metal is used as the anode; A nano-scale Cu/Sn alloy powder has been synthesized by a novel micro-emulsion process, its cycle capacity is over 300 mAh/g; The performance of PVdF gel electrolyte has been improved through the addition of the nanometer SiO2 synthesized in-situ. The advanced Li/S polymer secondary batteries will be a promising alternative for next generation energy storage system.
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Meyerson, Melissa L., Adam M. Maraschky, and Leo J. Small. "Higher Energy Density Mediated Lithium-Sulfur Flow Batteries." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 2 (October 9, 2022): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-022109mtgabs.
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There is a need for safe, reliable, high-capacity storage for long duration energy storage. The low cost and high capacity of sulfur make Li-S batteries ideal for this purpose. However, sulfur has poor electrical conductivity and Li-S batteries are prone to polysulfide shuttling that decreases the battery life. Additionally, lithium metal cannot be cycled at high rates or dendritic growth is produced. We have previously addressed the issues with the S by combining aspects of a static Li-S battery with aspects of a redox targeting system and flow battery. With this system we demonstrated that fundamental Li-S chemistry and novel SEI engineering strategies can be adapted to the hybrid redox flow battery architecture, obviating the need for ion-selective membranes or flowing carbon additives, and offering a potential pathway for inexpensive, scalable, safe MWh scale Li-S energy storage. However, these tests were done at lab scale with low S loadings and limited charge rates, limiting both the energy and power density of the proof-of-concept system. In this study we present recent progress scaling up the system from 2.5 mgS cm-2 to over 50 mgS cm-2 and increasing the current density from 0.5 mA cm-2 to 10 mA cm-2 to decrease the charge/discharge time. The increase in S loading results in an increase in energy density and the increase in applied current increases the power density of the system. To scale up the flow cell we address limitations of the small-scale architecture including examining the flow field used with the catholyte and the structure of the Li metal anode. We first tested high surface area scaffolds in Swagelok cells to examine the effect of the increased effective surface area and seeding with lithiophilic materials, like ZnO, on Li metal deposition independent of the flow cell or S chemistry. Using a high effective surface area anode support enables us to increase the applied current density from 0.5 mA cm-2 to 10 mA cm-2 greatly increasing the charge/discharge speed. Furthermore, the addition of a lithiophilic seed layer decreases the nucleation overpotential and encourages uniform Li electrodeposition. A tailored flow field also improves the uniformity of Li deposition on the anode by improving the uniformity of the catholyte flow velocity. These improvements are first evaluated separately and then combined in a mediated Li-S flow battery where cycling rate and capacity retention are compared against a traditional planar Li anode and open flow field. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-mission laboratory managed and operated by National Technology and Engineering Solutions of Sandia, LLC., a wholly owned subsidiary of Honeywell International, Inc., for the U.S. Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-NA0003525.
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Islam, Mahbub, and Rahul Jayan. "Single-Atom Electrocatalyst for Engineered Cathode Interfaces in Sodium-Sulfur Batteries." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 46 (July 7, 2022): 1963. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-01461963mtgabs.
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The demand for portable rechargeable energy storage devices is ever increasing, especially because of the advent of electric vehicles and widespread usage of portable electronics. The lithium-ion batteries are currently leading the battery market; however, the high-cost and potentially depleting storage of lithium metals are stimulating the search for alternative technologies. Metal-sulfur batteries are deemed to be promising candidates to supplant the ubiquitously used lithium-ion batteries owing to their high energy density, specific capacity, low cost of sulfur, and environmental benignity. Room temperature sodium sulfur batteries (RT Na-S) is a technologically viable alternative candidate which possesses astounding advantages such as low cost (both sodium and sulfur), non–toxicity, natural abundance, and high theoretical energy density (1274 Whkg-1). However, the inevitable problems such as the solubility of higher order polysulfides to the electrolyte, known as shuttle effect, and the slow kinetics of electrochemical conversion reactions of intermediate sodium polysulfides (Na2Sn) significantly impede the practical realization of Na-S batteries. The conventionally used various forms of carbonaceous nanomaterials for cathode design have floundered to overcome the challenges because their nonpolar nature cannot produce adequate anchoring and enhanced polysulfides reaction kinetics. The polar anchoring materials (AM) have exhibited promising performance to improve sulfur chemistry. It is generally understood that catalytic performance is directly connected to the surface area of catalytic particles, and the single-atomic level provides the maximum surface area, resulting in the highest catalytic efficacy. Herein, we use first principles-based density functional theory (DFT) simulations to investigate the interfacial interactions between Na2Sn and novel transition metal (TM) single-atom catalysts (SACs) embedded on nitrogen doped graphene and various lattice sites of transition metal chalcogenides (TMDC) (chalcogenides- and Metal-substitution, Metal-top sites). For example, the pristine and Mo-sub sites of MoS2 are found to be ineffective for efficient confinement of the polysulfides within the cathode material. We demonstrate that SACs on both S-site and Mo-top sites of MoS2 and on nitrogen doped graphene possess strong adsorption strength with the Na2Sn which are superior to the commonly used ether electrolyte solvents, a requisite to prevent shuttle effect. We illustrate the influence of d-band center of SACs as an important descriptor in describing Na2Sn interactions with them. The underlying anchoring mechanism of polysulfide adsorption over AM is examined through Bader charge, charge density difference and projected density of states (PDOS) analysis. We also investigate the effect of SACs in improving the kinetics of sulfur reduction reactions (SRRs) and catalytic decomposition of short-chain polysulfides which are crucial for achieving excellent rate capability and longer cycle life. Overall, the unprecedented insights obtained on the role of SACs in tailoring the polysulfides redox chemistry at the interfaces and their relation to their TM’s d-band center is an important step towards rational design cathode materials for high-performance Na-S batteries, in particular, but metal-chalcogenide batteries, in general.
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Morag, Ahiud, and Minghao Yu. "Layered electrode materials for non-aqueous multivalent metal batteries." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 9, no. 35 (2021): 19317–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ta03842g.
Full textAbstract:
Multivalent metal batteries are promising large-scale energy storage technologies. This review summarizes the recent progress in the development of layered cathode materials for non-aqueous multivalent metal batteries.
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Li, Hai-Wen, Min Zhu, Craig Buckley, and Torben Jensen. "Functional Materials Based on Metal Hydrides." Inorganics 6, no. 3 (September 4, 2018): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inorganics6030091.
Full textAbstract:
Storage of renewable energy remains a key obstacle for the implementation of a carbon free energy system. There is an urgent need to develop a variety of energy storage systems with varying performance, covering both long-term/large-scale and high gravimetric and volumetric densities for stationary and mobile applications. Novel materials with extraordinary properties have the potential to form the basis for technological paradigm shifts. Here, we present metal hydrides as a diverse class of materials with fascinating structures, compositions and properties. These materials can potentially form the basis for novel energy storage technologies as batteries and for hydrogen storage.
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Islam, Md Shahinul, Mahfuza Mubarak, and Ha-Jin Lee. "Hybrid Nanostructured Materials as Electrodes in Energy Storage Devices." Inorganics 11, no. 5 (April 24, 2023): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inorganics11050183.
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The global demand for energy is constantly rising, and thus far, remarkable efforts have been put into developing high-performance energy storage devices using nanoscale designs and hybrid approaches. Hybrid nanostructured materials composed of transition metal oxides/hydroxides, metal chalcogenides, metal carbides, metal–organic frameworks, carbonaceous compounds and polymer-based porous materials have been used as electrodes for designing energy storage systems such as batteries, supercapacitors (SCs), and so on. Different kinds of hybrid materials have been shown to be ideal electrode materials for the development of efficient energy storage devices, due to their porous structures, high surface area, high electrical conductivity, charge accommodation capacity, and tunable electronic structures. These hybrid materials can be synthesized following various synthetic strategies, including intercalative hybridization, core–shell architecture, surface anchoring, and defect control, among others. In this study, we discuss applications of the various advanced hybrid nanostructured materials to design efficient batteries and SC-based energy storage systems. Moreover, we focus on their features, limitations, and real-time resolutions.
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Gong, Gao, Hu, and Zhou. "Synthesis and Electrochemical Energy Storage Applications of Micro/Nanostructured Spherical Materials." Nanomaterials 9, no. 9 (August 27, 2019): 1207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9091207.
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Micro/nanostructured spherical materials have been widely explored for electrochemical energy storage due to their exceptional properties, which have also been summarized based on electrode type and material composition. The increased complexity of spherical structures has increased the feasibility of modulating their properties, thereby improving their performance compared with simple spherical structures. This paper comprehensively reviews the synthesis and electrochemical energy storage applications of micro/nanostructured spherical materials. After a brief classification, the concepts and syntheses of micro/nanostructured spherical materials are described in detail, which include hollow, core-shelled, yolk-shelled, double-shelled, and multi-shelled spheres. We then introduce strategies classified into hard-, soft-, and self-templating methods for synthesis of these spherical structures, and also include the concepts of synthetic methodologies. Thereafter, we discuss their applications as electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors, and sulfur hosts for lithium–sulfur batteries. The superiority of multi-shelled hollow micro/nanospheres for electrochemical energy storage applications is particularly summarized. Subsequently, we conclude this review by presenting the challenges, development, highlights, and future directions of the micro/nanostructured spherical materials for electrochemical energy storage.
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Tabuyo-Martínez, Marina, Bernd Wicklein, and Pilar Aranda. "Progress and innovation of nanostructured sulfur cathodes and metal-free anodes for room-temperature Na–S batteries." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 12 (September 9, 2021): 995–1020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.12.75.
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Rechargeable batteries are a major element in the transition to renewable energie systems, but the current lithium-ion battery technology may face limitations in the future concerning the availability of raw materials and socio-economic insecurities. Sodium–sulfur (Na–S) batteries are a promising alternative energy storage device for small- to large-scale applications driven by more favorable environmental and economic perspectives. However, scientific and technological problems are still hindering a commercial breakthrough of these batteries. This review discusses strategies to remedy some of the current drawbacks such as the polysulfide shuttle effect, catastrophic volume expansion, Na dendrite growth, and slow reaction kinetics by nanostructuring both the sulfur cathode and the Na anode. Moreover, a survey of recent patents on room temperature (RT) Na–S batteries revealed that nanostructured sulfur and sodium electrodes are still in the minority, which suggests that much investigation and innovation is needed until RT Na–S batteries can be commercialized.
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Wu, Yinbo, Yaowei Feng, Xiulian Qiu, Fengming Ren, Jian Cen, Qingdian Chong, Ye Tian, and Wei Yang. "Construction of Polypyrrole-Coated CoSe2 Composite Material for Lithium-Sulfur Battery." Nanomaterials 13, no. 5 (February 25, 2023): 865. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13050865.
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Lithium-sulfur batteries with high theoretical energy density and cheap cost can meet people’s need for efficient energy storage, and have become a focus of the research on lithium-ion batteries. However, owing to their poor conductivity and “shuttle effect”, lithium-sulfur batteries are difficult to commercialize. In order to solve this problem, herein a polyhedral hollow structure of cobalt selenide (CoSe2) was synthesized by a simple one-step carbonization and selenization method using metal-organic bone MOFs (ZIF-67) as template and precursor. CoSe2 is coated with conductive polymer polypyrrole (PPy) to settle the matter of poor electroconductibility of the composite and limit the outflow of polysulfide compounds. The prepared CoSe2@PPy-S composite cathode shows reversible capacities of 341 mAh g−1 at 3 C, and good cycle stability with a small capacity attenuation rate of 0.072% per cycle. The structure of CoSe2 can have certain adsorption and conversion effects on polysulfide compounds, increase the conductivity after coating PPy, and further enhance the electrochemical property of lithium-sulfur cathode material.
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Li, Fang, Quanhui Liu, Jiawen Hu, Yuezhan Feng, Pengbin He, and Jianmin Ma. "Recent advances in cathode materials for rechargeable lithium–sulfur batteries." Nanoscale 11, no. 33 (2019): 15418–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9nr04415a.
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Li–S batteries are regarded as a promising candidate for next-generation energy storage systems due to their high specific capacity (1675 mA h g−1) and energy density (2600 W h kg−1) as well as the abundance, safety and low cost of S material.
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Li, Shi, Shi Luo, Liya Rong, Linqing Wang, Ziyang Xi, Yong Liu, Yuheng Zhou, Zhongmin Wan, and Xiangzhong Kong. "Innovative Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion." Molecules 27, no. 13 (June 21, 2022): 3989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27133989.
Full textAbstract:
The metal chalcogenides (MCs) for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have gained increasing attention owing to their low cost and high theoretical capacity. However, the poor electrochemical stability and slow kinetic behaviors hinder its practical application as anodes for SIBs. Hence, various strategies have been used to solve the above problems, such as dimensions reduction, composition formation, doping functionalization, morphology control, coating encapsulation, electrolyte modification, etc. In this work, the recent progress of MCs as electrodes for SIBs has been comprehensively reviewed. Moreover, the summarization of metal chalcogenides contains the synthesis methods, modification strategies and corresponding basic reaction mechanisms of MCs with layered and non-layered structures. Finally, the challenges, potential solutions and future prospects of metal chalcogenides as SIBs anode materials are also proposed.
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Hu, Bo, Shuofeng Jian, Ge Yin, Wenhao Feng, Yaowen Cao, Jiaxuan Bai, Yanan Lai, Huiyun Tan, and Yifan Dong. "Hetero-Element-Doped Molybdenum Oxide Materials for Energy Storage Systems." Nanomaterials 11, no. 12 (December 6, 2021): 3302. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11123302.
Full textAbstract:
In order to meet the growing demand for the electronics market, many new materials have been studied to replace traditional electrode materials for energy storage systems. Molybdenum oxide materials are electrode materials with higher theoretical capacity than graphene, which was originally used as anode electrodes for lithium-ion batteries. In subsequent studies, they have a wider application in the field of energy storage, such as being used as cathodes or anodes for other ion batteries (sodium-ion batteries, potassium-ion batteries, etc.), and electrode materials for supercapacitors. However, molybdenum oxide materials have serious volume expansion concerns and irreversible capacity dropping during the cycles. To solve these problems, doping with different elements has become a suitable option, being an effective method that can change the crystal structure of the materials and improve the performances. Therefore, there are many research studies on metal element doping or non-metal doping molybdenum oxides. This paper summarizes the recent research on the application of hetero-element-doped molybdenum oxides in the field of energy storage, and it also provides some brief analysis and insights.
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Samson Temitayo Olatunde and Peter Etinosa Igbinidu-Uwuigbe. "Dendrite formation in electrochemical energy storage systems." Global Journal of Engineering and Technology Advances 12, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 095–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gjeta.2022.12.3.0166.
Full textAbstract:
Dendrites are metal microstructures that may form on the lithium battery's negative electrode during charging. When the anode's absorption capacity is exceeded and excess lithium ions accumulate on its surface, lithium dendrites form. In the field of metallurgy, dendrites are tree-like structures formed by crystals when liquid metal cools and solidifies. The crystals develop faster in the directions that are most beneficial from an energy standpoint, giving the structure its characteristic tree-like shape. Consequently, this dendritic growth has major effects on the materials' properties. The study gives an explanatory introduction of what dendrites are in batteries and innovative ways to reduce their consequent effect on storage systems.
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Kim, Hye Ran, Jae Rin Shim, San Deul Ryoo, and Yongju Jung. "Dual-Layer Sulfur Cathode Integrating Sulfur Composite Electrode and Binder-Free Sulfur Thin Film for High Loading Li-S Batteries." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 4 (October 9, 2022): 419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-024419mtgabs.
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The Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) battery is one of the most promising future electrochemical energy storage systems owing to the intrinsic advantages of sulfur such as its high energy density, low cost, and innocuous nature. For several decades, many research teams have tried to develop high performance Li-S batteries. Recently, various approaches for high sulfur loading have been demonstrated to achieve high energy density Li-S batteries. Many types of porous carbon materials (e.g., graphene, mesoporous carbons, hollow carbon spheres, and carbon nanotubes) have been used as a sulfur host. In many cases, however, the large-scale implementation to Li-S batteries has been discouraged due to the non-scalable synthesis process of these carbon materials. To improve the energy density of a sulfur cathode, we demonstrate a dual-layer sulfur cathode composed of a S-filled carbon electrode and a sulfur deposit film. First, a sulfur electrode was fabricated by uniformly embedding sulfur within the porous network of a carbon film. Then, an ultra-thin sulfur layer was constructed on the surface of the sulfur electrode through physical vapor deposition (PVD) of elemental sulfur
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Lateef, Saheed Adewale, Marjanul Manjum, William Earl Mustain, and Golareh Jalilvand. "The Effect of Binder on the Structure and Performance of Sulfur Cathodes in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 6 (October 9, 2022): 628. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-026628mtgabs.
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Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are a reliable energy storage technology that have been used in various applications such as portable devices and power tools. However, the specific capacities of the electrode materials in the current LIB technology are approaching their theoretical limits which impedes their utilization in a variety of emerging applications such as long-range electric vehicles, next-generation mobile devices, and grid level energy storage and delivery. Therefore, alternative electrode materials with high specific capacity beyond the conventional LIB electrode materials are needed 1. Sulfur has been touted as a promising alternative cathode material in recent years. Sulfur offers superior theoretical capacity, and a high practical energy density when it is paired with a Li metal anode in so called Li-S batteries2. Non-toxicity, low cost and high natural abundance also make Sulfur environmentally and economically appealing. However, achieving the desired high energy density and long cycle life in Li-S batteries have been proven difficult because of the: (1) insulating nature of the two end products of charge and discharge; S8 and Li2S, (2) electrode degradation due to the volumetric change during cycling, and (3) dissolution of the Sulfur discharge products, Li-polysulfides (LiPSs), in the ether-based electrolyte, resulting in the “shuttling effect” that leads to capacity decay over extended cycling 3,4. In this work, new insights are presented on how the binder, its solvent, and dissolution process affect the electrode microstructure and performance. The Sulfur cathodes were prepared using commercially available Sulfur powder, carbon black and various binders and solvents. The cathode structures prepared using different binder and solvent combinations were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The cycling performance of the Sulfur cathodes were tested in coin cells. The results showed considerable structural and performance variations between cathodes with similar binders but different solvents, or different treatment conditions with the same solvent. In particular, when binders were minimally dissolved in N-Methylpyrrolidone a porous shell-like structure was observed around the sulfur particles that evolved to a denser sponge-shape structure upon excessive dissolution. The porous shell structure resulted in enhanced performance and cycle life. Using spectroscopic data, it is possible that enhanced cycle life might be attributable to physical trapping of the LiPSs and providing a buffer for the volumetric change during discharge. Thus, a new perspective will be presented that the binder/solvent interaction can impact the performance of sulfur cathodes by manipulating both its structural and chemical behavior. These results are expected to provide a new understanding regarding the effect of binder and its processing on the performance of Li-S batteries and help to write a new narrative regarding electrode chemistry and preparation techniques for future applications. References M. Zhao et al., ACS Cent. Sci., 6, 1095–1104 (2020). A. Manthiram, Y. Fu, S.-H. Chung, C. Zu, and Y.-S. Su, Chem. Rev., 114, 11751–11787 (2014). A. Manthiram, Y. Fu, and Y.-S. Su, Acc. Chem. Res., 46, 1125–1134 (2013). W. Ren, W. Ma, S. Zhang, and B. Tang, Energy Storage Mater., 23, 707–732 (2019).
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Amaral, Murilo M., Shakir Bin Mujib, Hudson Zanin, and Gurpreet Singh. "A perspective on silicon-based polymer-derived ceramics materials for beyond lithium-ion batteries." Journal of Physics: Materials 6, no. 2 (March 3, 2023): 021001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2515-7639/acbdef.
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Abstract Energy storage devices beyond lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), such as sodium-ion, potassium-ion, lithium-sulfur batteries, and supercapacitors are being considered as alternative systems to meet the fast-growing demand for grid-scale storage and large electric vehicles. This perspective highlights the opportunities that Si-based polymer-derived ceramics (PDCs) present for energy storage devices beyond LIBs, the complexities that exist in determining the structure-performance relationships, and the need for in situ and operando characterizations, which can be employed to overcome the complexities, allowing successful integration of PDC-based electrodes in systems beyond LIBs.
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Chen, Ao, Weifang Liu, Jun Yan, and Kaiyu Liu. "A novel separator modified by titanium dioxide nanotubes/carbon nanotubes composite for high performance lithium-sulfur batteries." Functional Materials Letters 12, no. 02 (April 2019): 1950016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793604719500164.
Full textAbstract:
The rechargeable lithium-sulfur batteries were investigated as the most promising energy storage system. Although the composites of carbonaceous materials and metal oxides as the hosts of sulfur have been applied to improve the performance, their structures usually collapsed due to huge volumetric expansion of sulfur. Therefore, interlayer reported as a novel cell configuration could efficiently restrict the shuttle effect of polysulfide. Here, we design a unique separator modified by a functional “polysulfide trapping net” which consists of intertwined TiO2 nanotubes and carbon nanotubes to improve the electrochemical performance of lithium sulfur batteries. Benefiting from the network structure, there are abundant ion pathways, meanwhile, TiO2 nanotubes provide strong chemical and physical adsorption, carbon nanotubes serve as a conductive network which accelerates the transport of electrons. With the modified separator, the electrode exhibits an initial capacity of 936[Formula: see text]mAh[Formula: see text]g[Formula: see text] at 1[Formula: see text]C rate and maintains a stable cycling performance over 200 cycles.
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Coskun, Ali. "Tailor-made Functional Polymers for Energy Storage and Environmental Applications." CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 74, no. 9 (September 30, 2020): 667–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2020.667.
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CO2 emissions into the atmosphere account for the majority of environmental challenges and its global impact in the form of climate change is well-documented. Accordingly, the development of new materials approaches to capture and convert CO2 into value-added products is essential. Whereas the increased availability of renewable energy is curbing our reliance on fossil fuels and decreasing CO2 emissions, the widespread adaptation of renewable energy still requires the development of high energy density batteries i.e., lithium ion batteries (LIBs). To address these energy and environmental challenges, our group has been developing porous organic polymers (POPs) with precise control over their porosity and surface chemistry for CO2 capture, separation and conversion. To realize simultaneous CO2 separation and conversion, we are also developing catalytically active two-dimensional membranes and POPs. In the area of LIBs, we have recognized the potential of supramolecular chemistry as a general strategy for solving the capacity-fading problem associated with high energy density electrode materials such as Li-metal, silicon and sulfur, which offer extremely high battery capacity compared to conventional LIBs. Accordingly, we have demonstrated how molecular-level design of one- and two-dimensional supramolecular polymers can be directly translated into an improved electrochemical performance in high energy density LIBs.
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Ryoo, San Deul, Hye Ran Kim, Jae Rin Shim, and Yongju Jung. "Surface Functionalization of Mesoporous Silica Enabling Long-Life Lithium-Sulfur Batteries." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 4 (October 9, 2022): 431. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-024431mtgabs.
Full textAbstract:
Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries have been regarded as future-generation of energy storage systems due to potential merits of their high energy density and natural abundance of sulfur cathode material. However, their practical applications are significantly limited by poor cycle life, which arises from the highly soluble polysulfide species in the organic electrolyte solution. The dissolved polysulfide ions diffuse toward the lithium anode and are converted to inactive materials on the surface of lithium metal. To tackle this issue, mesoporous material such as ordered mesoporous silica (OMS) has been applied as an additive. However, it is found to be an ineffective polysulfide reservoir, where the cathode undergoes great capacity loss on cycling. In this study, a carbon-coated OMS (c-OMS) is synthesized through selective polymerization on the surface of the mesopores followed by carbonization. The effect of c-OMS additive was examined in coin type cells containing a sulfur composite cathode. The conducting feature of c-OMS is found to effectively enhance the cycling stability of the sulfur cathode.
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Julien, Christian M. "Advanced Materials for Electrochemical Energy Storage: Lithium-Ion, Lithium-Sulfur, Lithium-Air and Sodium Batteries." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 3 (February 3, 2023): 3026. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24033026.
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The intention behind this Special Issue was to assemble high-quality works focusing on the latest advances in the development of various materials for rechargeable batteries, as well as to highlight the science and technology of devices that today are one of the most important and efficient types of energy storage, namely, lithium-ion, lithium–sulfur, lithium–air and sodium-ion batteries [...]
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Thatsami, N., P. Tangpakonsab, P. Moontragoon, R. Umer, T. Hussain, and T. Kaewmaraya. "Two-dimensional titanium carbide (Ti3C2Tx) MXenes to inhibit the shuttle effect in sodium sulfur batteries." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 24, no. 7 (2022): 4187–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1cp05300k.
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Room-temperature sodium sulfur batteries (RT-NSBs) are among the promising candidates for large-scale energy storage applications because of the natural abundance of the electrode materials and impressive energy density.
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Zhang, Yuxuan, Thomas Kivevele, Han Wook Song, and Sunghwan Lee. "(Digital Presentation) Accelerating the Conversion Process of Polysulfides in High Mass Loading Sulfur Cathode for the Longevity Li-S Battery." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 2 (July 7, 2022): 383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-012383mtgabs.
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Conventional lithium-ion batteries are unable to meet the increasing demands for high-energy storage systems, because of their limited theoretical capacity.1 In recent years, intensive attention has been paid to enhancing battery energy storage capability to satisfy the increasing energy demand in modern society and reduce the average energy capacity cost. Among the candidates for next generation high energy storage systems, the lithium sulfur battery is especially attractive because of its high theoretical specific energy (around 2600 W h kg-1) and potential cost reduction. In addition, sulfur is a cost effective and environmentally friendly material due to its abundance and low-toxicity. 2 Despite all of these advantages, the practical application of lithium sulfur batteries to date has been hindered by a series of obstacles, including low active material loading, poor cycle life, and sluggish sulfur conversion kinetics.3 Achieving high mass loading cathode in the traditional 2D planar thick electrode has been challenged. The high distorsion of the traditional planar thick electrodes for ion/electron transfer leads to the limited utilization of active materials and high resistance, which eventually results in restricted energy density and accelerated electrode failure.4 Furthermore, of the electrolyte to pores in the cathode and utilization ratio of active materials. Catalysts such as MnO2 and Co dopants were employed to accelerate the sulfur conversion reaction during the charge and discharge process.5 However, catalysts based on transition metals suffer from poor electronic conductivity. Other catalysts such as transition metal dopants are also limited due to the increased process complexities. . In addition, the severe shuttle effects in Li-S batteries may lead to fast failures of the battery. Constructing a protection layer on the separator for limiting the transmission of soluble polysulfides is considered an effective way to eliminate the shuttle phenomenon. However, the soluble sulfides still can largely dissolve around the cathode side causing the sluggish reaction condition for sulfur conversion.5 To mitigate the issues above, herein we demonstrate a novel sulfur electrode design strategy enabled by additive manufacturing and oxidative vapor deposition (oCVD). Specifically, the electrode is strategically designed into a hierarchal hollow structure via stereolithography technique to increase sulfur usage. The active material concentration loaded to the battery cathode is controlled precisely during 3D printing by adjusting the number of printed layers. Owing to its freedom in geometry and structure, the suggested design is expected to improve the Li ions and electron transport rate considerably, and hence, the battery power density. The printed cathode is sintered at 700 °C at N2 atmosphere to achieve carbonization of the cathode during which intrinsic carbon defects (e.g., pentagon carbon) as catalytic defect sites are in-situ generated on the cathode. The intrinsic carbon defects equipped with adequate electronic conductivity. The sintered 3D cathode is then transferred to the oCVD chamber for depositing a thin PEDOT layer as a protection layer to restrict dissolutions of sulfur compounds in the cathode. Density functional theory calculation reveals the electronic state variance between the structures with and without defects, the structure with defects demonstrates the higher kinetic condition for sulfur conversion. To further identify the favorable reaction dynamic process, the in-situ XRD is used to characterize the transformation between soluble and insoluble polysulfides, which is the main barrier in the charge and discharge process of Li-S batteries. The results show the oCVD coated 3D printed sulfur cathode exhibits a much higher kinetic process for sulfur conversion, which benefits from the highly tailored hierarchal hollow structure and the defects engineering on the cathode. Further, the oCVD coated 3D printed sulfur cathode also demonstrates higher stability during long cycling enabled by the oCVD PEDOT protection layer, which is verified by an absorption energy calculation of polysulfides at PEDOT. Such modeling and analysis help to elucidate the fundamental mechanisms that govern cathode performance and degradation in Li-S batteries. The current study also provides design strategies for the sulfur cathode as well as selection approaches to novel battery systems. References: Bhargav, A., (2020). Lithium-Sulfur Batteries: Attaining the Critical Metrics. Joule 4, 285-291. Chung, S.-H., (2018). Progress on the Critical Parameters for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries to be Practically Viable. Advanced Functional Materials 28, 1801188. Peng, H.-J.,(2017). Review on High-Loading and High-Energy Lithium–Sulfur Batteries. Advanced Energy Materials 7, 1700260. Chu, T., (2021). 3D printing‐enabled advanced electrode architecture design. Carbon Energy 3, 424-439. Shi, Z., (2021). Defect Engineering for Expediting Li–S Chemistry: Strategies, Mechanisms, and Perspectives. Advanced Energy Materials 11. Figure 1
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Wei, Huiying, Qicheng Li, Bo Jin, and Hui Liu. "Ce-Doped Three-Dimensional Ni/Fe LDH Composite as a Sulfur Host for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries." Nanomaterials 13, no. 15 (August 3, 2023): 2244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13152244.
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Lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs) have become the most promising choice in the new generation of energy storage/conversion equipment due to their high theoretical capacity of 1675 mAh g−1 and theoretical energy density of 2600 Wh kg−1. Nevertheless, the continuous shuttling of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) restricts the commercial application of LSBs. The appearance of layered double hydroxides (LDH) plays a certain role in the anchoring of LiPSs, but its unsatisfactory electronic conductivity and poor active sites hinder its realization as a sulfur host for high-performance LSBs. In this paper, metal organic framework-derived and Ce ion-doped LDH (Ce-Ni/Fe LDH) with a hollow capsule configuration is designed rationally. The hollow structure of Ce-Ni/Fe LDH contains a sufficient amount of sulfur. Fe, Ni, and Ce metal ions effectively trap LiPSs; speed up the conversion of LiPSs; and firmly anchor LiPSs, thus effectively inhibiting the shuttle of LiPSs. The electrochemical testing results demonstrate that a lithium–sulfur battery with capsule-type S@Ce-Ni/Fe LDH delivers the initial discharge capacities of 1207 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C and 1056 mAh g−1 at 0.2 C, respectively. Even at 1 C, a lithium–sulfur battery with S@Ce-Ni/Fe LDH can also cycle 1000 times. This work provides new ideas to enhance the electrochemical properties of LSBs by constructing a hollow capsule configuration.
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Ma, Delong, Ruili Zhang, Xun Hu, Yang Chen, Chenfa Xiao, Fei He, Shu Zhang, Jianbing Chen, and Guangzhi Hu. "Insights into the electrochemical performance of metal fluoride cathodes for lithium batteries." Energy Materials 2, no. 3 (2022): 200027. http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/energymater.2022.23.
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In recent years, energy storage and conversion have become key areas of research to address social and environmental issues, as well as practical applications, such as increasing the storage capacity of portable electronic storage devices. However, current commercial lithium-ion batteries suffer from low specific energy and high cost and toxicity. Conversion-type cathode materials are promising candidates for next-generation Li metal and Li-ion batteries (LIBs). Metal fluoride materials have shown tremendous chemical tailorability and exhibit excellent energy density in LIBs. Batteries based on such electrodes can compete with other envisaged alternatives, such as Li-air and Li-S systems. However, conversion reactions are typically multiphase redox reactions with mass transport phenomena and nucleation and growth processes of new phases along with interfacial reactions. Therefore, these reactions involve nonequilibrium reaction pathways and significant overpotentials during the charge-discharge process. In this review, we summarize the key challenges facing metal fluoride cathode materials and general strategies to overcome them in cells. Different synthesis methods of metal fluorides are also presented and discussed in the context of their application as cathode materials in Li and LIBs. Finally, the current challenges and future opportunities of metal fluorides as electrode materials are emphasized. With continuous rapid improvements in the electrochemical performance of metal fluorides, it is believed that these materials will be used extensively for energy storage in Li batteries in the future.
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Zhang, Congli, Zeyu Geng, Ting Meng, Fei Ma, Xueya Xu, Yang Liu, and Haifeng Zhang. "Multi−Functional Gradient Fibrous Membranes Aiming at High Performance for Both Lithium–Sulfur and Zinc–Air Batteries." Electronics 12, no. 4 (February 9, 2023): 885. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12040885.
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Lithium–sulfur batteries have been considered one of the most promising energy storage batteries in the future of flexible and wearable electronics. However, the shuttling of polysulfides, low sulfur utilization, and bad cycle stability restricted the widespread application of lithium–sulfur batteries. Currently, gradient materials with multiple functions can solve those defects simultaneously and can be applied to various parts of batteries. Herein, an electrospinningtriple−gradient Co−N−C/PVDF/PAN fibrous membrane was prepared and applied to lithium–sulfur batteries. The Co−N−C fibrous membrane provided efficient active sites, excellent electrode conductivity, and boosted polysulfide confinement. At the same time, the PVDF/PAN membrane enhances electron transfer and lithium−ion diffusion. As a result, the integrated S@Co−N−C/PVDF/PAN/Li battery delivered a high initial capacity of 1124.1 mA h g−1. Even under high sulfur loading (6 mg cm−2), this flexible Li–S battery still exhibits high areal capacity (846.9 mA h cm−2) without apparent capacity attenuation and security issues. Meanwhile, the gradient fibrous membranes can be used in zinc–air batteries, and the same double−gradient Co−N−C/PVDF membranes were also used as a binder−free air cathode with bifunctional catalytic activity and a facile hydrophobic and aerophile membrane, delivering remarkable cycling stability and small voltage gap in aqueous ZABs. The well−tunable structures and materials of the gradient strategy would bring inspiration for excellent performance in flexible and wearable energy storage devices.
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Liu, Bo, Shaozhuan Huang, Dezhi Kong, Junping Hu, and Hui Ying Yang. "Bifunctional NiCo2S4 catalysts supported on a carbon textile interlayer for ultra-stable Li–S battery." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 7, no. 13 (2019): 7604–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ta00701f.
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Liang, Xin, Jufeng Yun, Yong Wang, Hongfa Xiang, Yi Sun, Yuezhan Feng, and Yan Yu. "A new high-capacity and safe energy storage system: lithium-ion sulfur batteries." Nanoscale 11, no. 41 (2019): 19140–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9nr05670j.
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Wang, Xin, Guo-Dong Han, and Juan Wang. "Polypyrrole Coated Al-TDC Composite Structure as Lithium-Sulfur Batteries Cathode." Nano 16, no. 06 (May 20, 2021): 2150060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793292021500600.
Full textAbstract:
Due to the high theoretical capacity of sulfur (1675[Formula: see text]mAh[Formula: see text][Formula: see text], low cost and environmental friendliness, lithium-sulfur batteries have shown broad prospects in future energy conversion and storage systems. However, the shuttle effect and insulating properties of sulfur restrict its practical application. Herein, we report a facile approach to fabricate Al-TDC@S-PPy composite material as lithium-sulfur battery electrode. In this strategy, a topological porous Al-TDC ([Formula: see text],5-thiophenedicarboxylate) with 8-connected clusters is reported, which can provide strong adsorption for dissolved intermediate polysulfides and alleviate volume expansion. Meanwhile, Polypyrrole, (PPy) as a conductive and flexible additive to expedite electron transport, improves electrical conductivity. Consequently, the Al-TDC@S-PPy composite cathode exhibits a higher initial specific capacity (1310.4[Formula: see text]mAh[Formula: see text][Formula: see text] at 0.2[Formula: see text]C). The final reversible capacity is 411.0[Formula: see text]mAh[Formula: see text][Formula: see text] after 200 cycles at 1 C. We can extend this strategy to other metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and manufacture MOF/conductive polymer composite electrodes for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries.
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Ma, Ting, Alexandra D. Easley, Ratul Mitra Thakur, Khirabdhi T. Mohanty, Chen Wang, and Jodie L. Lutkenhaus. "Nonconjugated Redox-Active Polymers: Electron Transfer Mechanisms, Energy Storage, and Chemical Versatility." Annual Review of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering 14, no. 1 (June 8, 2023): 187–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092220-111121.
Full textAbstract:
The storage of electric energy in a safe and environmentally friendly way is of ever-growing importance for a modern, technology-based society. With future pressures predicted for batteries that contain strategic metals, there is increasing interest in metal-free electrode materials. Among candidate materials, nonconjugated redox-active polymers (NC-RAPs) have advantages in terms of cost-effectiveness, good processability, unique electrochemical properties, and precise tuning for different battery chemistries. Here, we review the current state of the art regarding the mechanisms of redox kinetics, molecular design, synthesis, and application of NC-RAPs in electrochemical energy storage and conversion. Different redox chemistries are compared, including polyquinones, polyimides, polyketones, sulfur-containing polymers, radical-containing polymers, polyphenylamines, polyphenazines, polyphenothiazines, polyphenoxazines, and polyviologens. We close with cell design principles considering electrolyte optimization and cell configuration. Finally, we point to fundamental and applied areas of future promise for designer NC-RAPs.